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class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Eva Pongrácz" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/52164881/13800771/17060424/s200_eva.pongr_cz.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Eva Pongrácz</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://oulu.academia.edu/">University of Oulu</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://oulu.academia.edu/Departments/Faculty_of_Technology_Energy_and_Environmental_Engineering_Research_Group/Documents">Faculty of Technology, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Group</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div 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u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><p class="ds2-5-body-md-bold">Related Authors</p></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://ulapland.academia.edu/FStammler"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://ulapland.academia.edu/FStammler">Florian Stammler</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University of Lapland</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://buet.academia.edu/SumonSaha"><img 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Pongrácz</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363987"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363987/Impacts_of_offshore_oil_spill_accidents_on_island_bird_communities_A_test_run_study_around_Orkney_and_Svalbard_archipelagos"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impacts of offshore oil spill accidents on island bird communities: A test run study around Orkney and Svalbard archipelagos" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/127363986/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%9A%84_%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7%E3%81%AE%E8%A9%95%E4%BE%A1%E3%81%A8PLA%E3%83%99%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%8A%E3%83%8E%E8%A4%87%E5%90%88%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E5%8C%85%E8%A3%85%E3%81%AE%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%95%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88_LCA_Powered_by_NICT_">物理化学的/微生物特性の評価とPLAベースナノ複合活性包装のライフサイクルアセスメント(LCA)【Powered by NICT】</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Lwt - Food Science and Technology</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363986"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa 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data-work-id="127363983"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363983/Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_home_energy_management_systems_HEMS_using_dynamic_emissions_factors_for_electricity_in_Finland"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Life cycle impact assessment of home energy management systems (HEMS) using dynamic emissions factors for electricity in Finland" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105954/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363983/Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_home_energy_management_systems_HEMS_using_dynamic_emissions_factors_for_electricity_in_Finland">Life cycle impact assessment of home energy management systems (HEMS) using dynamic emissions factors for electricity in Finland</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Impact Assessment Review</span><span>, Nov 1, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Decarbonising the European economy is a long-term goal in which the residential sector will play ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Decarbonising the European economy is a long-term goal in which the residential sector will play a significant role. Smart buildings for energy management are one means of decarbonisation, by reducing energy consumption and related emissions. This study investigated the environmental impacts of smart house automation using life cycle impact assessment. The ReCiPe method was selected for use, in combination with dynamic emissions factors for electricity in Finland. The results indicated that a high level of technology deployment may be counter-effective, due to high electricity consumption by the sensor network, automation system and computing devices. The results also indicated that number of inhabitants per household directly affected the environmental impacts of home automation. A single-person household saw its environmental impacts increase by 15%, while those of a five-person household increased by 3% in the worst-case scenario. The manufacturing phase contributed the major share of environmental impacts, exceeding the use phase in multiple categories. These findings indicate that finding the sweet spot in which technology can promote decarbonisation will be crucial to achieving the goal of a low-carbon economy.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="97dbf95c8b81778ef2b4925ee88737ec" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105954,"asset_id":127363983,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105954/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363983"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363983"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363983; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127363983]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127363983]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363983; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127363983']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "97dbf95c8b81778ef2b4925ee88737ec" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127363983]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127363983,"title":"Life cycle impact assessment of home energy management systems (HEMS) using dynamic emissions factors for electricity in Finland","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127363983/Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_home_energy_management_systems_HEMS_using_dynamic_emissions_factors_for_electricity_in_Finland","owner_id":52164881,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":52164881,"first_name":"Eva","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pongrácz","page_name":"EvaPongrácz","domain_name":"oulu","created_at":"2016-08-17T05:59:28.915-07:00","display_name":"Eva Pongrácz","url":"https://oulu.academia.edu/EvaPongr%C3%A1cz"},"attachments":[{"id":121105954,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105954/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"nbnfi-fe201709288778.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105954/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_home_ene.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121105954/nbnfi-fe201709288778-libre.pdf?1738259750=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLife_cycle_impact_assessment_of_home_ene.pdf\u0026Expires=1740355378\u0026Signature=RtkXjHlUVgsqs5v-cuaF0zcS4LKfhCds3JA~LtooKT1HQy8va~LMcp6fJW4HCjx4Ns0prHTWD0Ynok90JLmA2XwavRyrirGp0fsgrrREYw064qJGLUf80STFsftLabvz5ynQ2IriurOzgRxDRUh4-VnTEZtMvaYP1lzzkvMf58TedEb35WyEfSivHcc9atM2g4p4Sh4v6DZ3Gwiw~o69Op7kDZhPUHi~OvgkMCVam8~pe3IowpKHZ1CuzpMftk6ZHVGUMtMJdafRZ0qTDk2dzxhGhXBa3tusJvS3JkfO~3yX4Fbg6s0Pzd8qTws9CmdvsqcBqcrGv17jdAMRCt2tTg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363981"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363981/Cumulative_social_effect_assessment_framework_to_evaluate_the_accumulation_of_social_sustainability_benefits_of_regional_bioenergy_value_chains"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cumulative social effect assessment framework to evaluate the accumulation of social sustainability benefits of regional bioenergy value chains" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105953/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363981/Cumulative_social_effect_assessment_framework_to_evaluate_the_accumulation_of_social_sustainability_benefits_of_regional_bioenergy_value_chains">Cumulative social effect assessment framework to evaluate the accumulation of social sustainability benefits of regional bioenergy value chains</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Renewable Energy</span><span>, Feb 1, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The article presents a cumulative social effects assessment framework -based methodology. The dev...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The article presents a cumulative social effects assessment framework -based methodology. The devised methodology applies a hierarchy of social sustainability indicators and core social components. The core social components are individual, community and societal impacts and, within these, nine key social sustainability indicators are assessed. This methodology was tested on a case study covering a regional energy value chain in the Lahti region in Finland. The evaluation of the nine key indicators, and the quantification of their impacts along the regional energy production value chain was demonstrated for the region. The results indicate that locally sourced energy production is a socially sustainable solution that ensures reliable and affordable energy to local communities. It was noted that the social benefits of local value chains have great potential for accumulation. The results also indicate that use of the cumulative social effects assessment framework provides a deeper understanding of a region's social sustainability matters and identifies best practices available. It was suggested that the framework can be used by regional stakeholders as a screening tool.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="209ac38ca9c66a8be282893fdac93920" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105953,"asset_id":127363981,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105953/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363981"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363981"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363981; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363979"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363979/Re_defining_the_concepts_of_waste_and_waste_management_evolving_the_Theory_of_Waste_Management"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Re-defining the concepts of waste and waste management : evolving the Theory of Waste Management" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105951/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363979/Re_defining_the_concepts_of_waste_and_waste_management_evolving_the_Theory_of_Waste_Management">Re-defining the concepts of waste and waste management : evolving the Theory of Waste Management</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In an attempt to construct a new agenda for waste management, this thesis explores the importance...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In an attempt to construct a new agenda for waste management, this thesis explores the importance of the definition of waste and its impact on waste management, and the role of ownership in waste management. It is recognised that present legal waste definitions are ambiguous and do not really give an insight into the concept of waste. Moreover, despite its explicit wish of waste prevention, when according to present legislation a thing is assigned the label of a waste, it is going to be treated like waste, implicitly legislation thus amasses waste. The philosophical ramifications inherent in such definitions mean that they are not capable of constructing a system that, by its very nature, results in a sustainable waste management system. It is also a fact that, while there are numerous practices as to how to deal with a particular type of waste, there is no theory of waste management. In this thesis, waste as a concept is analysed from the point of view of why and when waste is created. Using the PSSP language, waste is classified based on the Purpose and Performance attributes. New, dynamic definitions for waste and waste management are offered, which explain why waste is created and intrinsically offer a solution to how the problem could be solved. Additional waste-related concepts are introduced, which are thought to have great potential for improvement on waste regulation. The concept of ownership is explained as rights and responsibilities of waste creators/owners: it is thus crucial to raising awareness about waste. Ownership in itself often dictates which waste management options are preferentially adopted by a given community. The role of legislation in producing monitoring systems for the transfer of ownership as well as abandonment of ownership is analysed. To avoid obstacles to resource conservation due to materials being considered waste, a definition for non-waste is introduced. The new agenda for waste management thus focuses upon the development of more appropriate, sustainable definitions so that what is now commonly perceived as being waste will in fact be increasingly seen as resource-rich, 'non-waste'. The role of waste management is explained as control of all waste-related activities, with the aim of preventing, minimising or utilising waste. The need for a theory of waste management is explained, and the first building blocks of the theory are proposed. This thesis is offered as the first step toward scientification of waste management.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0d5778263d295d9ff9352d6dc3c02914" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105951,"asset_id":127363979,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105951/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363979"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363979"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363979; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363977"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363977/%E6%8C%81%E7%B6%9A%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E3%81%AA%E3%81%9F%E3%82%81%E3%81%AE%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%97%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E3%83%A2%E3%83%87%E3%83%AB_%E5%BF%9C%E7%AD%94%E3%83%AC%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB_%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%9A%84%E5%B1%95%E9%96%8B%E5%8F%8A%E3%81%B3%E6%8E%A1%E7%94%A8%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 持続可能なための住宅電気管理モデル:応答レベル,技術的展開及び採用による影響" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363977/%E6%8C%81%E7%B6%9A%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E3%81%AA%E3%81%9F%E3%82%81%E3%81%AE%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%97%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E3%83%A2%E3%83%87%E3%83%AB_%E5%BF%9C%E7%AD%94%E3%83%AC%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB_%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%9A%84%E5%B1%95%E9%96%8B%E5%8F%8A%E3%81%B3%E6%8E%A1%E7%94%A8%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF">持続可能なための住宅電気管理モデル:応答レベル,技術的展開及び採用による影響</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Energy and Buildings</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363977"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363977"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363977; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363974"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363974/Concentration_of_meat_processing_industry_wastewater_by_reverse_osmosis_and_anaerobic_digestion_of_the_concentrate"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Concentration of meat processing industry wastewater by reverse osmosis and anaerobic digestion of the concentrate" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105949/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363974/Concentration_of_meat_processing_industry_wastewater_by_reverse_osmosis_and_anaerobic_digestion_of_the_concentrate">Concentration of meat processing industry wastewater by reverse osmosis and anaerobic digestion of the concentrate</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Rural areas in the Northern Finland face unique challenges with respect to their economic develop...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Rural areas in the Northern Finland face unique challenges with respect to their economic development. Due to their remote location and long winters, these areas have been very resource intensive and have traditionally been dependent on fossil energy. The EU Waste Framework Directive has created challenges for all countries in the handling of waste. The challenges weigh even heavier in remote Northern regions due to uneconomic scale and spread of waste amounts and long transportation distances. The European Spatial Development Perspective stresses the need for economic diversification in rural areas through strategies based on local resources and needs. There are several renewable energy sources which contribute to the achievement of EU policy targets. Among them, waste and biomass are considered the energy source with the largest unexplored potential. Exploiting resources in wastes for bio-fuel and renewable energy through smallscale technical solutions also offers excellent opportunities for decentralized business innovation. Small-scale biomass-and waste based energy solutions are able to answer the challenges of resource availability, while progressively reducing the impact of human activities on the environment. Meet processing industries generate great amounts of wastewaters due to high flushing and washing needs. A possible application of wastewaters is land irrigation; however, long term application of meat processing wastewater has been reported to be damaging to the soil . Due to the high rejection for organic materials, reverse osmosis (RO) is suitable for recycling of food industrial wastewaters, and has been previously applied for the treatment of meat processing wastewaters . Traditionally, when RO is used for water purification, the concentrate is handled as waste. However, in the case of a stream with high and biodegradable organic matter such as meat processing effluent water, it can be a possible feed for anaerobic digestion (AD) . In Northern Peripheral Regions, temperature sensitive biological wastewater treatment could thus be replaced with the RO processes. As well, it would open the possibility of recovering the energy content of the wastewater. Therefore, the aim of our work was to produce an RO concentrate suitable for AD. Real wastewaters of a medium-sized meat processing company have been first processed by reverse osmosis to concentrate the organic content. Further, the concentrate was mixed in different ratio with solids obtained from the grease trap of the company, and tested in a laboratory scale anaerobic digester.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3b1820c5fdb78f961141d7c86604102f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105949,"asset_id":127363974,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105949/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363974"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363974"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363974; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363891"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363891/A_30_Year_Probability_Map_for_Oil_Spill_Trajectories_in_the_Barents_Sea_to_Assess_Potential_Environmental_and_Socio_Economic_Threats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A 30-Year Probability Map for Oil Spill Trajectories in the Barents Sea to Assess Potential Environmental and Socio-Economic Threats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105870/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363891/A_30_Year_Probability_Map_for_Oil_Spill_Trajectories_in_the_Barents_Sea_to_Assess_Potential_Environmental_and_Socio_Economic_Threats">A 30-Year Probability Map for Oil Spill Trajectories in the Barents Sea to Assess Potential Environmental and Socio-Economic Threats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Resources</span><span>, Dec 24, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Increasing exploration and exploitation activity in the Arctic Ocean has intensified maritime tra...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Increasing exploration and exploitation activity in the Arctic Ocean has intensified maritime traffic in the Barents Sea. Due to the sparse population and insufficient oil spill response infrastructure on the extensive Barents Sea shoreline, it is necessary to address the possibility of offshore accidents and study hazards to the local environment and its resources. Simulations of surface oil spills were conducted in south-east of the Barents Sea to identify oil pollution trajectories. The objective of this research was to focus on one geographical location, which lies along popular maritime routes and also borders with sensitive ecological marine and terrestrial areas. As a sample of traditional heavy bunker oil, IFO-180LS (2014) was selected for the study of oil spills and used for the 30-year simulations. The second oil case was medium oil type: Volve ( )-to give a broader picture for oil spill accident scenarios. Simulations for four annual seasons were run with the open source OpenDrift modelling tool using oceanographic and atmospheric data from the period of 1988-2018. The modelling produced a 30-year probability map, which was overlapped with environmental data of the area to discuss likely impacts to local marine ecosystems, applicable oil spill response tools and favourable shipping seasons. Based on available data regarding the environmental and socio-economic baselines of the studied region, we recommend to address potential threats to marine resources and local communities in more detail in a separate study.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d31e8792c762013d887e2acdeb93566c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105870,"asset_id":127363891,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105870/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363891"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363891"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363891; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892315"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892315/Sustainability_Assessment_of_Products_Case_Study_of_Wind_Turbine_Generator_Types"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Sustainability Assessment of Products - Case Study of Wind Turbine Generator Types" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892315/Sustainability_Assessment_of_Products_Case_Study_of_Wind_Turbine_Generator_Types">Sustainability Assessment of Products - Case Study of Wind Turbine Generator Types</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892315"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892315"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892315; 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It looks into how far existing initiatives such as the Solving the e-waste Problem (SteP) Initiative, Mobile Phone Partnership Initiative (MPPI), Partnership for Action on Computing equipment (PACe), Global e-Sustainability Initiative (GeSI), Further work under the International Telecommunications union (ITu) and the Strategic Approach to International Chemical Management (SAICM) address the e-waste problem and its multitude of dimensions, also describing a way ahead towards reaching the vision.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ac84c9d1acbfdf558078822f1c950898" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115205504,"asset_id":119892312,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205504/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892312"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892312"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892312; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ac84c9d1acbfdf558078822f1c950898" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=119892312]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":119892312,"title":"Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) recovery infrastructure in the Oulu region of Finland: challenges to resource use optimisation","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/119892312/Waste_Electrical_and_Electronic_Equipment_WEEE_recovery_infrastructure_in_the_Oulu_region_of_Finland_challenges_to_resource_use_optimisation","owner_id":52164881,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":52164881,"first_name":"Eva","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pongrácz","page_name":"EvaPongrácz","domain_name":"oulu","created_at":"2016-08-17T05:59:28.915-07:00","display_name":"Eva Pongrácz","url":"https://oulu.academia.edu/EvaPongr%C3%A1cz"},"attachments":[{"id":115205504,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205504/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9780857096333.1.320240523-1-iqi1qa.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205504/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Waste_Electrical_and_Electronic_Equipmen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115205504/9780857096333.1.320240523-1-iqi1qa-libre.pdf?1716499289=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWaste_Electrical_and_Electronic_Equipmen.pdf\u0026Expires=1740355378\u0026Signature=DOOjZy9RHUgUzl3t~hbXQNG1Ks3UNpiddlrx4rlvyEZbSf5taKEbzGec0kr7gMG~RHa9DU534TZ1scS60uStn91PcIjRmvbUii7K5LxLpAhLJsPpPTKBZ-kN5K3r6kSrJVP17-xRMiB-Snhla1cX0KWUGaYAWDwKIq4wokaadkooWZkk1txcDV489QEtWTxaU9pfuoL7-UYJMYvfo44-h0-emWzMJKEJsvrxYmFIOPGkb0h4It4gYxQND0KVktlU9PNZoPRN0XeNc5OrQLGOtSJUa0pfPaPhUmsnGZ9copaUi8KHdYIlaKfUkeCwLMxKXL7QAvEpoZV5w-wlWNzPGA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892311"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892311/Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_and_Suburban_Areas"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Base Station Energy Use in Dense Urban and Suburban Areas" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205481/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892311/Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_and_Suburban_Areas">Base Station Energy Use in Dense Urban and Suburban Areas</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>IEEE Access</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Growing energy consumption is a global problem. The information and communications technology (IC...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Growing energy consumption is a global problem. The information and communications technology (ICT) industry is in a critical role as an enabler of energy savings in other sectors. However, the power consumption of the ICT sector also needs to be addressed, to contribute to the overall reduction of power consumption and carbon emissions. A new era has begun as the fifth generation (5G) mobile data connection rollouts are advancing globally and are expected to reach a 10% share of end-user devices and connections by 2023. The available references on energy consumption in global mobile networks are rather old and highly averaged-only estimates of energy consumption relative to data volumes are available. There is an information gap regarding the energy consumption of emerging 5G and advanced 4G technologies. Therefore, it has been difficult to understand the actual electricity consumption differences between generations and spatially aggregated electricity consumption once these generations are combined to offer capacity and coverage. This article fills this gap by providing a reference on the energy consumption of base transceiver stations for reported mobile data usage for different Radio Access Technologies; 3G, 4G and 5G respectively. To the best of our knowledge, there is no reference to scientific research on the comparison of energy intensity per square kilometer for 3G, 4G and 5G mobile radio technologies, using actual operator data. The objective of this research was to improve the understanding of the actual energy consumption of different Radio Access Technologies (RAT). The results also give insight to decision makers on when to modernize the operator radio access network. The article reports on the results of field measurements on data and visitor volumes and shares of different RATs. The research contains two statistical RAT combination cases, one representing the European average and the other Finnish mobile networks. The analyses were done for dense urban (DU) and suburban (SU) areas. INDEX TERMS Energy efficiency, mobile data, radio network.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dcf634c07e4541098a7d89f5da37ea03" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115205481,"asset_id":119892311,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205481/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892311"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892311"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892311; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=119892311]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=119892311]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892311; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='119892311']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dcf634c07e4541098a7d89f5da37ea03" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=119892311]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":119892311,"title":"Base Station Energy Use in Dense Urban and Suburban Areas","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/119892311/Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_and_Suburban_Areas","owner_id":52164881,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":52164881,"first_name":"Eva","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pongrácz","page_name":"EvaPongrácz","domain_name":"oulu","created_at":"2016-08-17T05:59:28.915-07:00","display_name":"Eva Pongrácz","url":"https://oulu.academia.edu/EvaPongr%C3%A1cz"},"attachments":[{"id":115205481,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205481/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10005276.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205481/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115205481/10005276-libre.pdf?1716499299=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBase_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1740222302\u0026Signature=bzSszPiCaYTVXr7dIi9RhfHqK6dpoMyUJKOTsKa-nBCMJiUjjncTOV9oFWRZ1uU9xE0lKWH5MBnUJIpX5svoGQWElgbgwA1OjnRqB2uoy6BjDO4fTq~DFyQNG1JM6MARvr5x0QLqlhD97pF8snIrSy7pMp9~78DPURolf9njW8tqAIFVl~8Z3fXewKSxA1BqiIsWpp2cP82FTQAZuOMvZAlyIOomWtlBZdhh7b0gY4u3CPTjJDpE6iQDJyiby22FDBVFcPZ1~IDVNnm5IlvmAkWBuma5Y5dNnl7jTrDgPA5K-zGBDsNsd4ro29KnvyvBFnaOEA8OrcQmuS72Qe46Ig__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":115205482,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205482/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10005276.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205482/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115205482/10005276-libre.pdf?1716499303=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBase_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1740222302\u0026Signature=ciTDZPXFUPjd9N7R0SZk-ZG5eX~TllFOiNE92-1qVA1XNFOIcNxqBMt30TSi~LQcCh8b3zLqbq-3mPlL7dtQJbzmky9K9e5QcIMw1YCeh6Pp8SQq6uvafLCNH5VyY~GRzPhoFojPG2rAA91ZadqhNctjXbDbeb8i~3Em79-7G1wltg7tRsPzUczj6Hh0kAKT4uOdubNJ0n2QhEexkCZR4G4zarDhdpwTv04sMwpGgEZzAEkcjxhlwaRIKWnA-y8N0ti555otR~vJsaSlfdmHRk1oiSQaVxmIuAa7nuLpn3v3tl0~543BPj4yamTF5hXjBJLHuODaAMXcYr2YZ3IM1w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892310"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892310/Estimating_the_economic_value_of_hydropeaking_externalities_in_regulated_rivers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Estimating the economic value of hydropeaking externalities in regulated rivers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205503/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892310/Estimating_the_economic_value_of_hydropeaking_externalities_in_regulated_rivers">Estimating the economic value of hydropeaking externalities in regulated rivers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Hydropower is a flexible form of electricity generation providing both baseload and balancing pow...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Hydropower is a flexible form of electricity generation providing both baseload and balancing power to accommodate intermittent renewables in the energy mix. However, hydropower also generates various externalities. This study investigates individuals’ preferences for policies aiming to reduce short-term regulations (i.e., hydropeaking in regulated rivers) while accounting for associated externalities with a discrete choice experiment. This is the first valuation study focusing on hydropeaking that considers both negative and positive externalities. The results imply that most individuals prefer stronger restrictions on short-term regulations to mitigate local environmental impacts. Individuals especially value improvements in recreational use, fish stocks, and the ecological state. On the other hand, potential increases in CO2 emissions are linked with a clear disutility. The estimated benefits obtained from an improved state of the river environment due to such restrictions probab...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c9c0af91703100cc8c174a7c9e916383" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115205503,"asset_id":119892310,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205503/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892310"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892310"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892310; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c9c0af91703100cc8c174a7c9e916383" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=119892310]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":119892310,"title":"Estimating the economic value of hydropeaking externalities in regulated rivers","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/119892310/Estimating_the_economic_value_of_hydropeaking_externalities_in_regulated_rivers","owner_id":52164881,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":52164881,"first_name":"Eva","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pongrácz","page_name":"EvaPongrácz","domain_name":"oulu","created_at":"2016-08-17T05:59:28.915-07:00","display_name":"Eva Pongrácz","url":"https://oulu.academia.edu/EvaPongr%C3%A1cz"},"attachments":[{"id":115205503,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205503/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"latest.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205503/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Estimating_the_economic_value_of_hydrope.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115205503/latest-libre.pdf?1716499296=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEstimating_the_economic_value_of_hydrope.pdf\u0026Expires=1740355378\u0026Signature=PikhbiBRG8nRXTxUVPtmBVDCWWESfmt1lzYnNAceghyP46jiTyHbNIPdgquxyzuPnZ1~qb4dYJvy2QcoC9dwHWIOxPRFd6oRQTFSu8xy5T9J~BFekgrG0GVhVw96blWAm1ccApM-u2s4MuSkRZhdUnlmJbWoDBu6fJgqS6tO74qfBtT9Sc3Ev0q9a87YVQEwO8JmfSlbH07VH19fGnFh5UTBPonlDM55aiUal0MZ0frBIfS7egPXRh-TlMC219RSr-sX4UwpdF~fdboQzmpY2t9u9gFpaToQPQCwDHUnJg8d3RdDx3cs3e2dFRPCfJqtTNBDBHXiGwoL7bfbjyxK4Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892308"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892308/Carbon_Footprint_at_Institutions_of_Higher_Education_A_review_of_applied_methodologies_and_the_case_of_the_University_of_Oulu"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Carbon Footprint at Institutions of Higher Education – A review of applied methodologies and the case of the University of Oulu" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892308/Carbon_Footprint_at_Institutions_of_Higher_Education_A_review_of_applied_methodologies_and_the_case_of_the_University_of_Oulu">Carbon Footprint at Institutions of Higher Education – A review of applied methodologies and the case of the University of Oulu</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892308"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892308"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892308; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892307"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892307/Smarctic_A_roadmap_to_a_smart_Arctic_specialisation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Smarctic - A roadmap to a smart Arctic specialisation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892307/Smarctic_A_roadmap_to_a_smart_Arctic_specialisation">Smarctic - A roadmap to a smart Arctic specialisation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892307"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892307"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892307; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=119892307]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":119892307,"title":"Smarctic - A roadmap to a smart Arctic specialisation","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/119892307/Smarctic_A_roadmap_to_a_smart_Arctic_specialisation","owner_id":52164881,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":52164881,"first_name":"Eva","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pongrácz","page_name":"EvaPongrácz","domain_name":"oulu","created_at":"2016-08-17T05:59:28.915-07:00","display_name":"Eva Pongrácz","url":"https://oulu.academia.edu/EvaPongr%C3%A1cz"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892306"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892306/Development_of_membrane_wastewater_purification_process_for_meat_industry_SME_s"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development of membrane wastewater purification process for meat industry SME’s" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205480/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892306/Development_of_membrane_wastewater_purification_process_for_meat_industry_SME_s">Development of membrane wastewater purification process for meat industry SME’s</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Meat processing industries generate a great amount of wastewater. Because of the remote locations...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Meat processing industries generate a great amount of wastewater. Because of the remote locations of companies in Northern Finland, they face the problem of low efficiency of traditional biological wastewater purification and the need for a decentralized energy supply system. Membrane separation processes integrated in wastewater purification technology could provide an eco-friendly, and economical solution for the small and medium sized meat processing enterprises (SME’s). The main aim of our research project was to find technology for the treatment of food industry wastewater, which is suitable for producing recyclable process water, and on the other hand, could provide an economical pre-concentration stage before anaerobic digestion (AD).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8372ea1d6bd62663f55c3afe65a35040" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115205480,"asset_id":119892306,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205480/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892306"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892306"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892306; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892305"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892305/Data_for_Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_Home_Energy_Management_System_using_dynamic_emission_factors_for_electricity_in_Finland"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Data for: Life cycle impact assessment of Home Energy Management System using dynamic emission factors for electricity in Finland" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892305/Data_for_Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_Home_Energy_Management_System_using_dynamic_emission_factors_for_electricity_in_Finland">Data for: Life cycle impact assessment of Home Energy Management System using dynamic emission factors for electricity in Finland</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The supplementary information file consists of five sections. The first section reviews the resul...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The supplementary information file consists of five sections. The first section reviews the results of the method developed to get the dynamic emission factors based on the primary energy consumed for electricity production. The second section reports the values of the Figure 8 from the article, including the standard deviation for each of the 18 indicators of the ReCiPe characterisation method. The third section details the results of the dynamic model for all 18 indicators, including the raw data for the period 2011 to 2016, the seasonal variation, and the daily environmental load profiles. The fourth section summarizes the statistical spread of the results for all eighteen indicators. Finally, the fifth section summarizes the differences between the chosen perspective (&#39;H&#39;) and the two other perspectives (&#39;E&#39; and &#39;I&#39;) with the dynamic model and is compared with the differences given with the characterisation method ReCiPe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892305"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892305"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892305; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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</script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="5664604" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363987"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363987/Impacts_of_offshore_oil_spill_accidents_on_island_bird_communities_A_test_run_study_around_Orkney_and_Svalbard_archipelagos"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impacts of offshore oil spill accidents on island bird communities: A test run study around Orkney and Svalbard archipelagos" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363987/Impacts_of_offshore_oil_spill_accidents_on_island_bird_communities_A_test_run_study_around_Orkney_and_Svalbard_archipelagos">Impacts of offshore oil spill accidents on island bird communities: A test run study around Orkney and Svalbard archipelagos</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Pollution</span><span>, Jul 1, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363987"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363987"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363987; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363986"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363986/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%9A%84_%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7%E3%81%AE%E8%A9%95%E4%BE%A1%E3%81%A8PLA%E3%83%99%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%8A%E3%83%8E%E8%A4%87%E5%90%88%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E5%8C%85%E8%A3%85%E3%81%AE%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%95%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88_LCA_Powered_by_NICT_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 物理化学的/微生物特性の評価とPLAベースナノ複合活性包装のライフサイクルアセスメント(LCA)【Powered by NICT】" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363986/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%9A%84_%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7%E3%81%AE%E8%A9%95%E4%BE%A1%E3%81%A8PLA%E3%83%99%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%8A%E3%83%8E%E8%A4%87%E5%90%88%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E5%8C%85%E8%A3%85%E3%81%AE%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%95%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88_LCA_Powered_by_NICT_">物理化学的/微生物特性の評価とPLAベースナノ複合活性包装のライフサイクルアセスメント(LCA)【Powered by NICT】</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Lwt - Food Science and Technology</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363986"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363986"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363986; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127363986]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127363986]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363986; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127363986']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363983"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363983/Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_home_energy_management_systems_HEMS_using_dynamic_emissions_factors_for_electricity_in_Finland"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Life cycle impact assessment of home energy management systems (HEMS) using dynamic emissions factors for electricity in Finland" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105954/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363983/Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_home_energy_management_systems_HEMS_using_dynamic_emissions_factors_for_electricity_in_Finland">Life cycle impact assessment of home energy management systems (HEMS) using dynamic emissions factors for electricity in Finland</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Impact Assessment Review</span><span>, Nov 1, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Decarbonising the European economy is a long-term goal in which the residential sector will play ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Decarbonising the European economy is a long-term goal in which the residential sector will play a significant role. Smart buildings for energy management are one means of decarbonisation, by reducing energy consumption and related emissions. This study investigated the environmental impacts of smart house automation using life cycle impact assessment. The ReCiPe method was selected for use, in combination with dynamic emissions factors for electricity in Finland. The results indicated that a high level of technology deployment may be counter-effective, due to high electricity consumption by the sensor network, automation system and computing devices. The results also indicated that number of inhabitants per household directly affected the environmental impacts of home automation. A single-person household saw its environmental impacts increase by 15%, while those of a five-person household increased by 3% in the worst-case scenario. The manufacturing phase contributed the major share of environmental impacts, exceeding the use phase in multiple categories. These findings indicate that finding the sweet spot in which technology can promote decarbonisation will be crucial to achieving the goal of a low-carbon economy.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="97dbf95c8b81778ef2b4925ee88737ec" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105954,"asset_id":127363983,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105954/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363983"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363983"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363983; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363981"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363981/Cumulative_social_effect_assessment_framework_to_evaluate_the_accumulation_of_social_sustainability_benefits_of_regional_bioenergy_value_chains"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cumulative social effect assessment framework to evaluate the accumulation of social sustainability benefits of regional bioenergy value chains" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105953/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363981/Cumulative_social_effect_assessment_framework_to_evaluate_the_accumulation_of_social_sustainability_benefits_of_regional_bioenergy_value_chains">Cumulative social effect assessment framework to evaluate the accumulation of social sustainability benefits of regional bioenergy value chains</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Renewable Energy</span><span>, Feb 1, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The article presents a cumulative social effects assessment framework -based methodology. The dev...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The article presents a cumulative social effects assessment framework -based methodology. The devised methodology applies a hierarchy of social sustainability indicators and core social components. The core social components are individual, community and societal impacts and, within these, nine key social sustainability indicators are assessed. This methodology was tested on a case study covering a regional energy value chain in the Lahti region in Finland. The evaluation of the nine key indicators, and the quantification of their impacts along the regional energy production value chain was demonstrated for the region. The results indicate that locally sourced energy production is a socially sustainable solution that ensures reliable and affordable energy to local communities. It was noted that the social benefits of local value chains have great potential for accumulation. The results also indicate that use of the cumulative social effects assessment framework provides a deeper understanding of a region's social sustainability matters and identifies best practices available. It was suggested that the framework can be used by regional stakeholders as a screening tool.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="209ac38ca9c66a8be282893fdac93920" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105953,"asset_id":127363981,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105953/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363981"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363981"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363981; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127363981]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127363981]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363981; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127363981']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363979"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363979/Re_defining_the_concepts_of_waste_and_waste_management_evolving_the_Theory_of_Waste_Management"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Re-defining the concepts of waste and waste management : evolving the Theory of Waste Management" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105951/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363979/Re_defining_the_concepts_of_waste_and_waste_management_evolving_the_Theory_of_Waste_Management">Re-defining the concepts of waste and waste management : evolving the Theory of Waste Management</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In an attempt to construct a new agenda for waste management, this thesis explores the importance...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In an attempt to construct a new agenda for waste management, this thesis explores the importance of the definition of waste and its impact on waste management, and the role of ownership in waste management. It is recognised that present legal waste definitions are ambiguous and do not really give an insight into the concept of waste. Moreover, despite its explicit wish of waste prevention, when according to present legislation a thing is assigned the label of a waste, it is going to be treated like waste, implicitly legislation thus amasses waste. The philosophical ramifications inherent in such definitions mean that they are not capable of constructing a system that, by its very nature, results in a sustainable waste management system. It is also a fact that, while there are numerous practices as to how to deal with a particular type of waste, there is no theory of waste management. In this thesis, waste as a concept is analysed from the point of view of why and when waste is created. Using the PSSP language, waste is classified based on the Purpose and Performance attributes. New, dynamic definitions for waste and waste management are offered, which explain why waste is created and intrinsically offer a solution to how the problem could be solved. Additional waste-related concepts are introduced, which are thought to have great potential for improvement on waste regulation. The concept of ownership is explained as rights and responsibilities of waste creators/owners: it is thus crucial to raising awareness about waste. Ownership in itself often dictates which waste management options are preferentially adopted by a given community. The role of legislation in producing monitoring systems for the transfer of ownership as well as abandonment of ownership is analysed. To avoid obstacles to resource conservation due to materials being considered waste, a definition for non-waste is introduced. The new agenda for waste management thus focuses upon the development of more appropriate, sustainable definitions so that what is now commonly perceived as being waste will in fact be increasingly seen as resource-rich, 'non-waste'. The role of waste management is explained as control of all waste-related activities, with the aim of preventing, minimising or utilising waste. The need for a theory of waste management is explained, and the first building blocks of the theory are proposed. This thesis is offered as the first step toward scientification of waste management.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0d5778263d295d9ff9352d6dc3c02914" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105951,"asset_id":127363979,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105951/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363979"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363979"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363979; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363977"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363977/%E6%8C%81%E7%B6%9A%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E3%81%AA%E3%81%9F%E3%82%81%E3%81%AE%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%97%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E3%83%A2%E3%83%87%E3%83%AB_%E5%BF%9C%E7%AD%94%E3%83%AC%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB_%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%9A%84%E5%B1%95%E9%96%8B%E5%8F%8A%E3%81%B3%E6%8E%A1%E7%94%A8%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 持続可能なための住宅電気管理モデル:応答レベル,技術的展開及び採用による影響" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363977/%E6%8C%81%E7%B6%9A%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E3%81%AA%E3%81%9F%E3%82%81%E3%81%AE%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%97%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E3%83%A2%E3%83%87%E3%83%AB_%E5%BF%9C%E7%AD%94%E3%83%AC%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB_%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%9A%84%E5%B1%95%E9%96%8B%E5%8F%8A%E3%81%B3%E6%8E%A1%E7%94%A8%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF">持続可能なための住宅電気管理モデル:応答レベル,技術的展開及び採用による影響</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Energy and Buildings</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363977"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363977"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363977; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363974"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363974/Concentration_of_meat_processing_industry_wastewater_by_reverse_osmosis_and_anaerobic_digestion_of_the_concentrate"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Concentration of meat processing industry wastewater by reverse osmosis and anaerobic digestion of the concentrate" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105949/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363974/Concentration_of_meat_processing_industry_wastewater_by_reverse_osmosis_and_anaerobic_digestion_of_the_concentrate">Concentration of meat processing industry wastewater by reverse osmosis and anaerobic digestion of the concentrate</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Rural areas in the Northern Finland face unique challenges with respect to their economic develop...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Rural areas in the Northern Finland face unique challenges with respect to their economic development. Due to their remote location and long winters, these areas have been very resource intensive and have traditionally been dependent on fossil energy. The EU Waste Framework Directive has created challenges for all countries in the handling of waste. The challenges weigh even heavier in remote Northern regions due to uneconomic scale and spread of waste amounts and long transportation distances. The European Spatial Development Perspective stresses the need for economic diversification in rural areas through strategies based on local resources and needs. There are several renewable energy sources which contribute to the achievement of EU policy targets. Among them, waste and biomass are considered the energy source with the largest unexplored potential. Exploiting resources in wastes for bio-fuel and renewable energy through smallscale technical solutions also offers excellent opportunities for decentralized business innovation. Small-scale biomass-and waste based energy solutions are able to answer the challenges of resource availability, while progressively reducing the impact of human activities on the environment. Meet processing industries generate great amounts of wastewaters due to high flushing and washing needs. A possible application of wastewaters is land irrigation; however, long term application of meat processing wastewater has been reported to be damaging to the soil . Due to the high rejection for organic materials, reverse osmosis (RO) is suitable for recycling of food industrial wastewaters, and has been previously applied for the treatment of meat processing wastewaters . Traditionally, when RO is used for water purification, the concentrate is handled as waste. However, in the case of a stream with high and biodegradable organic matter such as meat processing effluent water, it can be a possible feed for anaerobic digestion (AD) . In Northern Peripheral Regions, temperature sensitive biological wastewater treatment could thus be replaced with the RO processes. As well, it would open the possibility of recovering the energy content of the wastewater. Therefore, the aim of our work was to produce an RO concentrate suitable for AD. Real wastewaters of a medium-sized meat processing company have been first processed by reverse osmosis to concentrate the organic content. Further, the concentrate was mixed in different ratio with solids obtained from the grease trap of the company, and tested in a laboratory scale anaerobic digester.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3b1820c5fdb78f961141d7c86604102f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105949,"asset_id":127363974,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105949/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363974"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363974"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363974; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363969"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363969/ChemInform_Abstract_The_Potential_of_Using_Biomass_Based_Reducing_Agents_in_the_Blast_Furnace_A_Review_of_Thermochemical_Conversion_Technologies_and_Assessments_Related_to_Sustainability"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ChemInform Abstract: The Potential of Using Biomass-Based Reducing Agents in the Blast Furnace: A Review of Thermochemical Conversion Technologies and Assessments Related to Sustainability" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105961/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363969/ChemInform_Abstract_The_Potential_of_Using_Biomass_Based_Reducing_Agents_in_the_Blast_Furnace_A_Review_of_Thermochemical_Conversion_Technologies_and_Assessments_Related_to_Sustainability">ChemInform Abstract: The Potential of Using Biomass-Based Reducing Agents in the Blast Furnace: A Review of Thermochemical Conversion Technologies and Assessments Related to Sustainability</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>ChemInform</span><span>, Oct 23, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2c4a66beffc13548acd87fd57b4ed48d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105961,"asset_id":127363969,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105961/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363969"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363969"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363969; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127363891"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363891/A_30_Year_Probability_Map_for_Oil_Spill_Trajectories_in_the_Barents_Sea_to_Assess_Potential_Environmental_and_Socio_Economic_Threats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A 30-Year Probability Map for Oil Spill Trajectories in the Barents Sea to Assess Potential Environmental and Socio-Economic Threats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121105870/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127363891/A_30_Year_Probability_Map_for_Oil_Spill_Trajectories_in_the_Barents_Sea_to_Assess_Potential_Environmental_and_Socio_Economic_Threats">A 30-Year Probability Map for Oil Spill Trajectories in the Barents Sea to Assess Potential Environmental and Socio-Economic Threats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Resources</span><span>, Dec 24, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Increasing exploration and exploitation activity in the Arctic Ocean has intensified maritime tra...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Increasing exploration and exploitation activity in the Arctic Ocean has intensified maritime traffic in the Barents Sea. Due to the sparse population and insufficient oil spill response infrastructure on the extensive Barents Sea shoreline, it is necessary to address the possibility of offshore accidents and study hazards to the local environment and its resources. Simulations of surface oil spills were conducted in south-east of the Barents Sea to identify oil pollution trajectories. The objective of this research was to focus on one geographical location, which lies along popular maritime routes and also borders with sensitive ecological marine and terrestrial areas. As a sample of traditional heavy bunker oil, IFO-180LS (2014) was selected for the study of oil spills and used for the 30-year simulations. The second oil case was medium oil type: Volve ( )-to give a broader picture for oil spill accident scenarios. Simulations for four annual seasons were run with the open source OpenDrift modelling tool using oceanographic and atmospheric data from the period of 1988-2018. The modelling produced a 30-year probability map, which was overlapped with environmental data of the area to discuss likely impacts to local marine ecosystems, applicable oil spill response tools and favourable shipping seasons. Based on available data regarding the environmental and socio-economic baselines of the studied region, we recommend to address potential threats to marine resources and local communities in more detail in a separate study.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d31e8792c762013d887e2acdeb93566c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121105870,"asset_id":127363891,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121105870/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127363891"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127363891"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127363891; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892315"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892315/Sustainability_Assessment_of_Products_Case_Study_of_Wind_Turbine_Generator_Types"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Sustainability Assessment of Products - Case Study of Wind Turbine Generator Types" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892315/Sustainability_Assessment_of_Products_Case_Study_of_Wind_Turbine_Generator_Types">Sustainability Assessment of Products - Case Study of Wind Turbine Generator Types</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892315"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892315"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892315; 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It looks into how far existing initiatives such as the Solving the e-waste Problem (SteP) Initiative, Mobile Phone Partnership Initiative (MPPI), Partnership for Action on Computing equipment (PACe), Global e-Sustainability Initiative (GeSI), Further work under the International Telecommunications union (ITu) and the Strategic Approach to International Chemical Management (SAICM) address the e-waste problem and its multitude of dimensions, also describing a way ahead towards reaching the vision.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ac84c9d1acbfdf558078822f1c950898" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115205504,"asset_id":119892312,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205504/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892312"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892312"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892312; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ac84c9d1acbfdf558078822f1c950898" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=119892312]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":119892312,"title":"Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) recovery infrastructure in the Oulu region of Finland: challenges to resource use optimisation","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/119892312/Waste_Electrical_and_Electronic_Equipment_WEEE_recovery_infrastructure_in_the_Oulu_region_of_Finland_challenges_to_resource_use_optimisation","owner_id":52164881,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":52164881,"first_name":"Eva","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pongrácz","page_name":"EvaPongrácz","domain_name":"oulu","created_at":"2016-08-17T05:59:28.915-07:00","display_name":"Eva Pongrácz","url":"https://oulu.academia.edu/EvaPongr%C3%A1cz"},"attachments":[{"id":115205504,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205504/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9780857096333.1.320240523-1-iqi1qa.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205504/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Waste_Electrical_and_Electronic_Equipmen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115205504/9780857096333.1.320240523-1-iqi1qa-libre.pdf?1716499289=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWaste_Electrical_and_Electronic_Equipmen.pdf\u0026Expires=1740355378\u0026Signature=DOOjZy9RHUgUzl3t~hbXQNG1Ks3UNpiddlrx4rlvyEZbSf5taKEbzGec0kr7gMG~RHa9DU534TZ1scS60uStn91PcIjRmvbUii7K5LxLpAhLJsPpPTKBZ-kN5K3r6kSrJVP17-xRMiB-Snhla1cX0KWUGaYAWDwKIq4wokaadkooWZkk1txcDV489QEtWTxaU9pfuoL7-UYJMYvfo44-h0-emWzMJKEJsvrxYmFIOPGkb0h4It4gYxQND0KVktlU9PNZoPRN0XeNc5OrQLGOtSJUa0pfPaPhUmsnGZ9copaUi8KHdYIlaKfUkeCwLMxKXL7QAvEpoZV5w-wlWNzPGA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892311"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892311/Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_and_Suburban_Areas"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Base Station Energy Use in Dense Urban and Suburban Areas" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205481/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892311/Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_and_Suburban_Areas">Base Station Energy Use in Dense Urban and Suburban Areas</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>IEEE Access</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Growing energy consumption is a global problem. The information and communications technology (IC...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Growing energy consumption is a global problem. The information and communications technology (ICT) industry is in a critical role as an enabler of energy savings in other sectors. However, the power consumption of the ICT sector also needs to be addressed, to contribute to the overall reduction of power consumption and carbon emissions. A new era has begun as the fifth generation (5G) mobile data connection rollouts are advancing globally and are expected to reach a 10% share of end-user devices and connections by 2023. The available references on energy consumption in global mobile networks are rather old and highly averaged-only estimates of energy consumption relative to data volumes are available. There is an information gap regarding the energy consumption of emerging 5G and advanced 4G technologies. Therefore, it has been difficult to understand the actual electricity consumption differences between generations and spatially aggregated electricity consumption once these generations are combined to offer capacity and coverage. This article fills this gap by providing a reference on the energy consumption of base transceiver stations for reported mobile data usage for different Radio Access Technologies; 3G, 4G and 5G respectively. To the best of our knowledge, there is no reference to scientific research on the comparison of energy intensity per square kilometer for 3G, 4G and 5G mobile radio technologies, using actual operator data. The objective of this research was to improve the understanding of the actual energy consumption of different Radio Access Technologies (RAT). The results also give insight to decision makers on when to modernize the operator radio access network. The article reports on the results of field measurements on data and visitor volumes and shares of different RATs. The research contains two statistical RAT combination cases, one representing the European average and the other Finnish mobile networks. The analyses were done for dense urban (DU) and suburban (SU) areas. INDEX TERMS Energy efficiency, mobile data, radio network.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dcf634c07e4541098a7d89f5da37ea03" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115205481,"asset_id":119892311,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205481/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892311"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892311"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892311; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=119892311]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=119892311]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892311; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='119892311']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dcf634c07e4541098a7d89f5da37ea03" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=119892311]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":119892311,"title":"Base Station Energy Use in Dense Urban and Suburban Areas","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/119892311/Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_and_Suburban_Areas","owner_id":52164881,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":52164881,"first_name":"Eva","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pongrácz","page_name":"EvaPongrácz","domain_name":"oulu","created_at":"2016-08-17T05:59:28.915-07:00","display_name":"Eva Pongrácz","url":"https://oulu.academia.edu/EvaPongr%C3%A1cz"},"attachments":[{"id":115205481,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205481/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10005276.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205481/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115205481/10005276-libre.pdf?1716499299=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBase_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1740222302\u0026Signature=bzSszPiCaYTVXr7dIi9RhfHqK6dpoMyUJKOTsKa-nBCMJiUjjncTOV9oFWRZ1uU9xE0lKWH5MBnUJIpX5svoGQWElgbgwA1OjnRqB2uoy6BjDO4fTq~DFyQNG1JM6MARvr5x0QLqlhD97pF8snIrSy7pMp9~78DPURolf9njW8tqAIFVl~8Z3fXewKSxA1BqiIsWpp2cP82FTQAZuOMvZAlyIOomWtlBZdhh7b0gY4u3CPTjJDpE6iQDJyiby22FDBVFcPZ1~IDVNnm5IlvmAkWBuma5Y5dNnl7jTrDgPA5K-zGBDsNsd4ro29KnvyvBFnaOEA8OrcQmuS72Qe46Ig__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":115205482,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205482/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10005276.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205482/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Base_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115205482/10005276-libre.pdf?1716499303=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBase_Station_Energy_Use_in_Dense_Urban_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1740222302\u0026Signature=ciTDZPXFUPjd9N7R0SZk-ZG5eX~TllFOiNE92-1qVA1XNFOIcNxqBMt30TSi~LQcCh8b3zLqbq-3mPlL7dtQJbzmky9K9e5QcIMw1YCeh6Pp8SQq6uvafLCNH5VyY~GRzPhoFojPG2rAA91ZadqhNctjXbDbeb8i~3Em79-7G1wltg7tRsPzUczj6Hh0kAKT4uOdubNJ0n2QhEexkCZR4G4zarDhdpwTv04sMwpGgEZzAEkcjxhlwaRIKWnA-y8N0ti555otR~vJsaSlfdmHRk1oiSQaVxmIuAa7nuLpn3v3tl0~543BPj4yamTF5hXjBJLHuODaAMXcYr2YZ3IM1w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892310"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892310/Estimating_the_economic_value_of_hydropeaking_externalities_in_regulated_rivers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Estimating the economic value of hydropeaking externalities in regulated rivers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205503/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892310/Estimating_the_economic_value_of_hydropeaking_externalities_in_regulated_rivers">Estimating the economic value of hydropeaking externalities in regulated rivers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Hydropower is a flexible form of electricity generation providing both baseload and balancing pow...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Hydropower is a flexible form of electricity generation providing both baseload and balancing power to accommodate intermittent renewables in the energy mix. However, hydropower also generates various externalities. This study investigates individuals’ preferences for policies aiming to reduce short-term regulations (i.e., hydropeaking in regulated rivers) while accounting for associated externalities with a discrete choice experiment. This is the first valuation study focusing on hydropeaking that considers both negative and positive externalities. The results imply that most individuals prefer stronger restrictions on short-term regulations to mitigate local environmental impacts. Individuals especially value improvements in recreational use, fish stocks, and the ecological state. On the other hand, potential increases in CO2 emissions are linked with a clear disutility. The estimated benefits obtained from an improved state of the river environment due to such restrictions probab...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c9c0af91703100cc8c174a7c9e916383" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115205503,"asset_id":119892310,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205503/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892310"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892310"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892310; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c9c0af91703100cc8c174a7c9e916383" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=119892310]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":119892310,"title":"Estimating the economic value of hydropeaking externalities in regulated rivers","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/119892310/Estimating_the_economic_value_of_hydropeaking_externalities_in_regulated_rivers","owner_id":52164881,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":52164881,"first_name":"Eva","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pongrácz","page_name":"EvaPongrácz","domain_name":"oulu","created_at":"2016-08-17T05:59:28.915-07:00","display_name":"Eva Pongrácz","url":"https://oulu.academia.edu/EvaPongr%C3%A1cz"},"attachments":[{"id":115205503,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205503/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"latest.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205503/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Estimating_the_economic_value_of_hydrope.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115205503/latest-libre.pdf?1716499296=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEstimating_the_economic_value_of_hydrope.pdf\u0026Expires=1740355378\u0026Signature=PikhbiBRG8nRXTxUVPtmBVDCWWESfmt1lzYnNAceghyP46jiTyHbNIPdgquxyzuPnZ1~qb4dYJvy2QcoC9dwHWIOxPRFd6oRQTFSu8xy5T9J~BFekgrG0GVhVw96blWAm1ccApM-u2s4MuSkRZhdUnlmJbWoDBu6fJgqS6tO74qfBtT9Sc3Ev0q9a87YVQEwO8JmfSlbH07VH19fGnFh5UTBPonlDM55aiUal0MZ0frBIfS7egPXRh-TlMC219RSr-sX4UwpdF~fdboQzmpY2t9u9gFpaToQPQCwDHUnJg8d3RdDx3cs3e2dFRPCfJqtTNBDBHXiGwoL7bfbjyxK4Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892308"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892308/Carbon_Footprint_at_Institutions_of_Higher_Education_A_review_of_applied_methodologies_and_the_case_of_the_University_of_Oulu"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Carbon Footprint at Institutions of Higher Education – A review of applied methodologies and the case of the University of Oulu" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892308/Carbon_Footprint_at_Institutions_of_Higher_Education_A_review_of_applied_methodologies_and_the_case_of_the_University_of_Oulu">Carbon Footprint at Institutions of Higher Education – A review of applied methodologies and the case of the University of Oulu</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892308"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892308"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892308; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892307"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892307/Smarctic_A_roadmap_to_a_smart_Arctic_specialisation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Smarctic - A roadmap to a smart Arctic specialisation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892307/Smarctic_A_roadmap_to_a_smart_Arctic_specialisation">Smarctic - A roadmap to a smart Arctic specialisation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892307"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892307"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892307; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=119892307]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":119892307,"title":"Smarctic - A roadmap to a smart Arctic specialisation","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/119892307/Smarctic_A_roadmap_to_a_smart_Arctic_specialisation","owner_id":52164881,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":52164881,"first_name":"Eva","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pongrácz","page_name":"EvaPongrácz","domain_name":"oulu","created_at":"2016-08-17T05:59:28.915-07:00","display_name":"Eva Pongrácz","url":"https://oulu.academia.edu/EvaPongr%C3%A1cz"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892306"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892306/Development_of_membrane_wastewater_purification_process_for_meat_industry_SME_s"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development of membrane wastewater purification process for meat industry SME’s" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115205480/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892306/Development_of_membrane_wastewater_purification_process_for_meat_industry_SME_s">Development of membrane wastewater purification process for meat industry SME’s</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Meat processing industries generate a great amount of wastewater. Because of the remote locations...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Meat processing industries generate a great amount of wastewater. Because of the remote locations of companies in Northern Finland, they face the problem of low efficiency of traditional biological wastewater purification and the need for a decentralized energy supply system. Membrane separation processes integrated in wastewater purification technology could provide an eco-friendly, and economical solution for the small and medium sized meat processing enterprises (SME’s). The main aim of our research project was to find technology for the treatment of food industry wastewater, which is suitable for producing recyclable process water, and on the other hand, could provide an economical pre-concentration stage before anaerobic digestion (AD).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8372ea1d6bd62663f55c3afe65a35040" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115205480,"asset_id":119892306,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115205480/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892306"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892306"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892306; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119892305"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892305/Data_for_Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_Home_Energy_Management_System_using_dynamic_emission_factors_for_electricity_in_Finland"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Data for: Life cycle impact assessment of Home Energy Management System using dynamic emission factors for electricity in Finland" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/119892305/Data_for_Life_cycle_impact_assessment_of_Home_Energy_Management_System_using_dynamic_emission_factors_for_electricity_in_Finland">Data for: Life cycle impact assessment of Home Energy Management System using dynamic emission factors for electricity in Finland</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The supplementary information file consists of five sections. The first section reviews the resul...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The supplementary information file consists of five sections. The first section reviews the results of the method developed to get the dynamic emission factors based on the primary energy consumed for electricity production. The second section reports the values of the Figure 8 from the article, including the standard deviation for each of the 18 indicators of the ReCiPe characterisation method. The third section details the results of the dynamic model for all 18 indicators, including the raw data for the period 2011 to 2016, the seasonal variation, and the daily environmental load profiles. The fourth section summarizes the statistical spread of the results for all eighteen indicators. Finally, the fifth section summarizes the differences between the chosen perspective (&#39;H&#39;) and the two other perspectives (&#39;E&#39; and &#39;I&#39;) with the dynamic model and is compared with the differences given with the characterisation method ReCiPe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119892305"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119892305"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119892305; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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