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Гіганцкія каменныя галовы альмекаў — Вікіпедыя

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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B+%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B+%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Бібліяграфія" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Бібліяграфія"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Бібліяграфія</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Бібліяграфія-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спасылкі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спасылкі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Спасылкі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спасылкі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Гіганцкія каменныя галовы альмекаў</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 12 мовах." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 моў</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A4%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%AE%D9%85%D8%A9" title="رؤوس الأولمك الضخمة – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رؤوس الأولمك الضخمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_colossals_olmeques" title="Caps colossals olmeques – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Caps colossals olmeques" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmec_colossal_heads" title="Olmec colossal heads – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Olmec colossal heads" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmekaj_kolosaj_kapoj" title="Olmekaj kolosaj kapoj – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Olmekaj kolosaj kapoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabeza_colosal" title="Cabeza colosal – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cabeza colosal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%DA%A9" title="سرهای اولمک – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرهای اولمک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%AAte_colossale_olm%C3%A8que" title="Tête colossale olmèque – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tête colossale olmèque" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepala-kepala_raksasa_Olmek" title="Kepala-kepala raksasa Olmek – інданезійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kepala-kepala raksasa Olmek" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданезійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teste_colossali_olmeche" title="Teste colossali olmeche – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Teste colossali olmeche" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E7%9F%B3%E4%BA%BA%E9%A0%AD%E5%83%8F" title="巨石人頭像 – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="巨石人頭像" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabe%C3%A7a_colossal_olmeca" title="Cabeça colossal olmeca – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cabeça colossal olmeca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Гигантские каменные головы ольмеков – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гигантские каменные головы ольмеков" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3062269#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B:%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Размовы пра змест гэтай старонкі (няма такой старонкі) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Змяніць моўны варыянт" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">беларуская</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Віды"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Інструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дзеянні </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;action=history"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Агульныя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:WhatLinksHere/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Спіс вікістаронак, якія 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;oldid=4551204" title="Нязменная спасылка на гэтую версію гэтай старонкі"><span>Нязменная спасылка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;action=info" title="Больш звестак пра гэту старонку"><span>Звесткі пра старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a 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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">З Вікіпедыі, свабоднай энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Olmeca_head_in_Villahermosa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Olmeca_head_in_Villahermosa.jpg/219px-Olmeca_head_in_Villahermosa.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Olmeca_head_in_Villahermosa.jpg/329px-Olmeca_head_in_Villahermosa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Olmeca_head_in_Villahermosa.jpg/438px-Olmeca_head_in_Villahermosa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1311" data-file-height="1237" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Гіганцкія каменныя галовы <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Альмекі">альмекаў</a></b>&#160;— прынамсі сямнаццаць манументальных каменных <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скульптура">скульптур</a> у выглядзе чалавечых <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Галава">галоў</a>, зробленых з буйных <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82" title="Базальт">базальтавых</a> валуноў. Узрост статуй датуецца сама меней да 900 года да н.э., а самі яны лічацца адметным атрыбутам старажытнай <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Мезаамерыка">мезаамерыканскай</a> цывілізацыі <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Альмекі">альмекаў</a>. Усе скульптуры малююць галовы сталых <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мужчына">мужчын</a> з мясістымі <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Шчокі">шчокамі</a>, плоскімі <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Нос">насамі</a> і невялікай <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Касавокасць">касавокасцю</a>; іх фізічныя характарыстыкі адпавядаюць тыпу знешнасці, які да цяперашняга часу шырока распаўсюджаны сярод жыхароў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Табаска">Табаска</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Веракрус (штат)">Веракруса</a>. Заднія часткі помнікаў часта плоскія. Валуны былі прывезены з веракрускіх гор Сьера-дэ-лос-Тукстлас. Улічваючы, што пліты з каменя, якія выкарыстоўваюцца пры іх стварэнні, былі вельмі вялікімі, але пры гэтым былі перамешчаны на вялікія адлегласці, што патрабавала значных чалавечых высілкаў і рэсурсаў, была высунута здагадка, што помнікі ўяўляюць сабой скульптурныя партрэты асобных выдатных альмекскіх кіраўнікоў. Кожная з вядомых скульптур-галоў мае характэрны галаўны ўбор. Галовы ў буйных гарадскіх цэнтрах цывілізацыі альмекаў размешчаны па-рознаму: у лінію або групамі,&#160;— але метады і сродкі, якія выкарыстоўваліся для перавозкі каменя да гэтых месцаў, застаюцца незразумелымі. </p><p>Адкрыццё гіганцкіх каменных галоў у Трэс-Сапотэс у XIX стагоддзі дало штуршок да першых археалагічных даследаванняў культуры альмекаў Мэцью Стырлінгам у <a href="/wiki/1938" title="1938">1938</a> годзе. На сённяшні дзень вядома сямнаццаць пацверджаных узораў у чатырох цэнтрах «краіны альмекаў» на ўзбярэжжы <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%9E" title="Мексіканскі заліў">Мексіканскага заліва</a> ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мексіка">Мексіцы</a>. Большасць гіганцкіх галоў былі зроблены са сферычных валуноў, але дзве з Сан-Ларэнца-Ценачтытлан былі зноў выразаны з масіўных каменных <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Трон">тронаў</a>. Акрамя таго, існуе помнік у <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA-%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Такалік-Абах">Такалік-Абаху</a> ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гватэмала">Гватэмале</a>, які ўяўляе сабой трон, які, магчыма, быў выразаны з гіганцкай галавы. Гэта адзіны вядомы іх узор па-за тэрыторыяй «краіны альмекаў». </p><p>Вызначыць узрост помнікаў па-ранейшаму цяжка, паколькі многія з іх былі перамешчаны са сваіх першапачатковых месцаў да пачатку археалагічных пошукаў. Большасць галоў былі датаваны раннім дакласічным перыядам (1500—1000 да н.э.), некаторыя&#160;— сярэднім дакласічным (1000—<a href="/wiki/400_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD.%D1%8D." title="400 да н.э.">400 да н.э.</a>). Самая маленькая з галоў важыць 6 тон, у той час як самая вялікая, па розных ацэнках,&#160;— ад 40 да 50 тон, хоць яна была закінута сваімі стваральнікамі і засталася стаяць няскончанай непасрэдна ў каменяломні, дзе і стваралася. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Бібліяграфія"><span id=".D0.91.D1.96.D0.B1.D0.BB.D1.96.D1.8F.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D1.96.D1.8F"></span>Бібліяграфія</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Бібліяграфія" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Бібліяграфія"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4817788">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mesoweb.com/olmec/publications/ClewlowEtAl1967-OCR.pdf"><i>Colossal Heads of the Olmec Culture</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility. Vol.&#160;4. Berkeley, California, USA: University of California Department of Anthropology. October 1967<span class="reference-accessdate">. Праверана <span class="nowrap">2012-12-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Colossal+Heads+of+the+Olmec+Culture&amp;rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California%2C+USA&amp;rft.series=Contributions+of+the+University+of+California+Archaeological+Research+Facility&amp;rft.pub=University+of+California+Department+of+Anthropology&amp;rft.date=1967-10&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mesoweb.com%2Folmec%2Fpublications%2FClewlowEtAl1967-OCR.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B+%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_book" title="Шаблон:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Шаблон цытавання ўжывае састарэлы параметр <code class="cs1-code">&#124;authors=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E_CS1/2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Вікіпедыя:Памылкі шаблонаў CS1/2 (няма такой старонкі)">даведка</a>)</span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Спасылкі"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.8B.D0.BB.D0.BA.D1.96"></span>Спасылкі</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Правіць раздзел: Спасылкі" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Спасылкі"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Лагатып Вікісховішча"><img alt="Лагатып Вікісховішча" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> На <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Вікісховішча">Вікісховішчы</a> ёсць медыяфайлы па тэме <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Olmec_colossal_stone_heads" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Olmec colossal stone heads">Гіганцкія каменныя галовы альмекаў</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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