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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hirohide Ishida</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Japanese politician (1914–1993)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Hirohide Ishida</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hirohide_Ishida.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Hirohide_Ishida.jpg/220px-Hirohide_Ishida.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Hirohide_Ishida.jpg/330px-Hirohide_Ishida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Hirohide_Ishida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Minister of Labour</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />14 December 1976 – 28 November 1977</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Fukuda" title="Takeo Fukuda">Takeo Fukuda</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Sachio Urano</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Katushi Fujii</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Minister of Transport</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 September 1976 – 14 December 1976</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Miki" title="Takeo Miki">Takeo Miki</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Mutsuo Kimura</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hajime_Tamura" title="Hajime Tamura">Hajime Tamura</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Minister of Labour</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />9 November 1964 – 3 June 1965</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Eisaku Satō</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Himself</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Hisao Kodaira</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />18 July 1964 – 9 November 1964</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hayato_Ikeda" title="Hayato Ikeda">Hayato Ikeda</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Takeo Ohashi</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Himself</i></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />19 July 1960 – 18 July 1961</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Hayato Ikeda</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Raizo_Matsuno" title="Raizo Matsuno">Raizo Matsuno</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Kenji Fukunaga</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />10 July 1957 – 12 June 1958</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nobusuke_Kishi" title="Nobusuke Kishi">Nobusuke Kishi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Shūtarō Matsuura</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Tadao Kuraishi</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Cabinet_Secretary" title="Chief Cabinet Secretary">Chief Cabinet Secretary</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />25 February 1957 – 10 July 1957</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nobusuke_Kishi" title="Nobusuke Kishi">Nobusuke Kishi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Himself</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kiichi_Aichi" title="Kiichi Aichi">Kiichi Aichi</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />23 December 1956 – 25 February 1957</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tanzan_Ishibashi" title="Tanzan Ishibashi">Tanzan Ishibashi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Ryūtaro Nemoto</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Himself</i></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">12 December 1914<br /><a href="/wiki/Futatsui,_Akita" title="Futatsui, Akita">Futatsui, Akita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">14 October 1993<span style="display:none">(1993-10-14)</span> (aged 78)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Waseda_University" title="Waseda University">Waseda University</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hirohide Ishida</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">石田博英</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Ishida Hirohide</i></span>, 12 December 1914 – 14 October 1993)</span> was a Japanese politician who served in the cabinets of multiple conservative administrations. In the 1980s, it was revealed that the <a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a> considered him to be an agent of the Soviet Union. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirohide_Ishida&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Noshiro,_Akita" title="Noshiro, Akita">Noshiro, Akita</a>, Ishida entered <a href="/wiki/Waseda_University" title="Waseda University">Waseda University</a>, where he majored in <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a> and economics. After graduating in 1939, he joined <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chugai_Sh%C5%8Dgy%C5%8D_Shimpo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chugai Shōgyō Shimpo (page does not exist)">Chugai Shōgyō Shimpo</a></i> (later renamed <i><a href="/wiki/Nihon_Keizai_Shimbun" class="mw-redirect" title="Nihon Keizai Shimbun">Nihon Keizai Shimbun</a></i>) and was appointed as its chief correspondent in Shanghai. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirohide_Ishida&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1947, Ishida was elected to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">House of Representatives</a>. He joined the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic Party</a> (LDP) in 1955, serving as <a href="/wiki/Chief_Cabinet_Secretary" title="Chief Cabinet Secretary">Chief Cabinet Secretary</a> under two prime ministers, <a href="/wiki/Tanzan_Ishibashi" title="Tanzan Ishibashi">Tanzan Ishibashi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nobusuke_Kishi" title="Nobusuke Kishi">Nobusuke Kishi</a>, from 23 December 1956 to 10 July 1957. Widely viewed as a friend and proponent of labor unions (an unusual stance in the pro-business LDP),<sup id="cite_ref-Kapur136_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kapur136-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was also appointed to five terms as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Labor_(Japan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Labor (Japan) (page does not exist)">minister of labor </a> under four different prime ministers, in addition to one term as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Land,_Infrastructure,_Transport_and_Tourism_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (Japan)">minister of transport</a>. While minister of labor under Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Hayato_Ikeda" title="Hayato Ikeda">Hayato Ikeda</a> in 1960, Ishida successfully negotiated the end of the <a href="/wiki/Miike_Struggle" title="Miike Struggle">1960 Miike Coal Mine Strike</a>, which remains the largest labor-management dispute in Japanese history.<sup id="cite_ref-Kapur136_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kapur136-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 1963, Ishida published an article in <i><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D_K%C5%8Dron" title="Chūō Kōron">Chūō Kōron</a></i> predicting that the Liberal Democratic Party would lose power to the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Socialist_Party" title="Japan Socialist Party">Japan Socialist Party</a> by 1970 due to ongoing changes in Japanese society, including urbanization, increasing education, and the decreasing number of farmers, who were generally seen as fundamental supporters of the LDP.<sup id="cite_ref-Kapur136_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kapur136-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kume_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kume-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ishida's article shocked the LDP, but was hailed as perceptive, and stimulated the party to make a number of reforms, including to changing its policies to increase its appeal among urban workers.<sup id="cite_ref-Kapur136_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kapur136-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kume_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kume-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="KGB_agent">KGB agent</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirohide_Ishida&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: KGB agent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ishida had formed and chaired the Japan-USSR Friendship Parliamentarians' Union in 1973, visiting Moscow in 1973, 1974 and 1977. In 1982 <a href="/wiki/Stanislav_Levchenko" title="Stanislav Levchenko">Stanislav Levchenko</a>, a <a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a> Major who had defected to the United States in 1979, testified before the U.S. Congress that Ishida was an <a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">agent</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, codenamed "HOOVER".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was later confirmed in the "Mitrokhin Documents" smuggled out of the Soviet Union by Vasily Mitrokhin, a former KGB employee who fled to England in 1992. In response to Levchenko's revelations, the CIA and the Japanese police launched an investigation, and Ishida abruptly left politics in November 1983. However, the investigation ultimately concluded that Ishida had not leaked any sensitive information. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ishida_Rose_Garden">Ishida Rose Garden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirohide_Ishida&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ishida Rose Garden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roses_at_Ishida_Rose_Garden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Roses_at_Ishida_Rose_Garden.jpg/220px-Roses_at_Ishida_Rose_Garden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Roses_at_Ishida_Rose_Garden.jpg/330px-Roses_at_Ishida_Rose_Garden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Roses_at_Ishida_Rose_Garden.jpg/440px-Roses_at_Ishida_Rose_Garden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Roses in bloom at Ishida Rose Garden</figcaption></figure> <p>An amateur <a href="/wiki/Rosarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosarian">rosarian</a>, Ishida planted the yard of his house with various kind of <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">roses</a>. Two years after his death, his rose garden was donated to the City of <a href="/wiki/Odate" class="mw-redirect" title="Odate">Odate</a> and named Ishida Rose Garden<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">石田ローズガーデン</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Ishida Rōzu Gāden</i></span>)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is since opened to the public every June.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirohide_Ishida&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Cordon_of_the_Order_of_the_Rising_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun">Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun</a> (1987)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirohide_Ishida&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Kapur136-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kapur136_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kapur136_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kapur136_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kapur136_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKapur2018" class="citation book cs1">Kapur, Nick (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Re5hDwAAQBAJ"><i>Japan at the Crossroads: Conflict and Compromise after Anpo</i></a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 108, 136. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674984424" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674984424"><bdi>978-0674984424</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japan+at+the+Crossroads%3A+Conflict+and+Compromise+after+Anpo&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pages=108%2C+136&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0674984424&rft.aulast=Kapur&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRe5hDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHirohide+Ishida" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kume-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kume_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kume_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKume1998" class="citation book cs1">Kume, Ikuo (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/disparagedsucces0000kume/page/114"><i>Disparaged Success</i></a>. Cornell University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/disparagedsucces0000kume/page/114">114–115</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-8494-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-8494-0"><bdi>978-0-8014-8494-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Disparaged+Success&rft.pages=114-115&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-8494-0&rft.aulast=Kume&rft.aufirst=Ikuo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdisparagedsucces0000kume%2Fpage%2F114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHirohide+Ishida" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGodson2000" class="citation book cs1">Godson, Roy (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dirtytricksortru0000gods/page/145"><i>Dirty Tricks or Trump Cards</i></a>. Transaction Publishers. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dirtytricksortru0000gods/page/145">145</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7658-0699-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7658-0699-4"><bdi>978-0-7658-0699-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dirty+Tricks+or+Trump+Cards&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=Transaction+Publishers&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-7658-0699-4&rft.aulast=Godson&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdirtytricksortru0000gods%2Fpage%2F145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHirohide+Ishida" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNakanishi2006" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nakanishi, Terumasa (April 2006). Ōshima, Shinzō (ed.). <bdi lang="ja">中国の対日工作を予言していた米国「防諜官」の驚愕証言に学べ</bdi>. <i>Seiron</i> (in Japanese). Fujisankei Communications Group.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seiron&rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E5%AF%BE%E6%97%A5%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E3%82%92%E4%BA%88%E8%A8%80%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6%E3%81%84%E3%81%9F%E7%B1%B3%E5%9B%BD%E3%80%8C%E9%98%B2%E8%AB%9C%E5%AE%98%E3%80%8D%E3%81%AE%E9%A9%9A%E6%84%95%E8%A8%BC%E8%A8%80%E3%81%AB%E5%AD%A6%E3%81%B9&rft.date=2006-04&rft.aulast=Nakanishi&rft.aufirst=Terumasa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHirohide+Ishida" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717090036/http://www.sakigake.jp/p/akita/topics.jsp?kc=20090617f"><bdi lang="ja">バラが見ごろ、大館市の石田ローズガーデン貴重な種類も</bdi></a> (in Japanese). Akita Sakigake Shimpo. 17 June 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sakigake.jp/p/akita/topics.jsp?kc=20090617f">the original</a> on 17 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E3%83%90%E3%83%A9%E3%81%8C%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%94%E3%82%8D%E3%80%81%E5%A4%A7%E9%A4%A8%E5%B8%82%E3%81%AE%E7%9F%B3%E7%94%B0%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3+%E8%B2%B4%E9%87%8D%E3%81%AA%E7%A8%AE%E9%A1%9E%E3%82%82&rft.date=2009-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sakigake.jp%2Fp%2Fakita%2Ftopics.jsp%3Fkc%3D20090617f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHirohide+Ishida" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maff.go.jp/tohoku/press/mg/file/mg_bak/mg316.html">"地域からの便り"</a>. <i><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">東北農政局メ―ルマガジン</span></span></i> (in Japanese). Sendai: Tohoku Regional Agricultural Administration Office. 8 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%3Cspan+title%3D%22Japanese-language+text%22%3E%3Cspan+lang%3D%22ja%22%3E%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E8%BE%B2%E6%94%BF%E5%B1%80%E3%83%A1%E2%80%95%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%B3%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3ECategory%3AArticles+containing+Japanese-language+text&rft.atitle=%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E4%BE%BF%E3%82%8A&rft.date=2007-05-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maff.go.jp%2Ftohoku%2Fpress%2Fmg%2Ffile%2Fmg_bak%2Fmg316.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHirohide+Ishida" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirohide_Ishida&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hirohide_Ishida" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hirohide Ishida">Hirohide Ishida</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ry%C5%ABtar%C5%8D_Nemoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryūtarō Nemoto (page does not exist)">Ryūtarō Nemoto</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Cabinet_Secretary" title="Chief Cabinet Secretary">Chief Cabinet Secretary</a> </b><br />1956–1957 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kiichi_Aichi" title="Kiichi Aichi">Kiichi Aichi</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shutaro_Matsuura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shutaro Matsuura (page does not exist)">Shutaro Matsuura</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Minister of Labour </b><br />1957–1958 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadao_Kuraishi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadao Kuraishi (page does not exist)">Tadao Kuraishi</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Raizo_Matsuno" title="Raizo Matsuno">Raizo Matsuno</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Minister of Labour </b><br />1960–1961 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kenji_Fukunaga" title="Kenji Fukunaga">Kenji Fukunaga</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Takeo_Ohashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takeo Ohashi (page does not exist)">Takeo Ohashi</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Minister of Labour </b><br />1964–1965 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hisao_Kodaira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hisao Kodaira (page does not exist)">Hisao Kodaira</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutsuo_Kimura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutsuo Kimura (page does not exist)">Mutsuo Kimura</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Minister of Transport </b><br />1976 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hajime_Tamura" title="Hajime Tamura">Hajime Tamura</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sachio_Urano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sachio Urano (page does not exist)">Sachio Urano</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Minister of Labour </b><br />1976–1977 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katsushi_Fujii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katsushi Fujii (page does not exist)">Katsushi Fujii</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Template:Soviet_Spies" title="Template:Soviet Spies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Soviet_Spies" title="Template talk:Soviet Spies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Soviet_Spies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Soviet Spies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Soviet_and_Russian_spies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Soviet and Russian spies</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_espionage_in_the_United_States" title="Soviet espionage in the United States">In the US</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">1940s and before</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Abt" title="John Abt">John Abt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Barr" title="Joel Barr">Joel Barr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bentley" title="Elizabeth Bentley">Elizabeth Bentley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Browder" title="Earl Browder">Earl Browder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Bukov" title="Boris Bukov">Boris Bukov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Whittaker Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lona_Cohen" title="Lona Cohen">Lona Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_Cohen_(spy)" title="Morris Cohen (spy)">Morris Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Coplon" title="Judith Coplon">Judith Coplon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Field" title="Noel Field">Noel Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Fuchs" title="Klaus Fuchs">Klaus Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Glasser" title="Harold Glasser">Harold Glasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Gold" title="Harry Gold">Harry Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Greenglass" title="David Greenglass">David Greenglass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Hall" title="Theodore Hall">Theodore Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Herrmann" title="John Herrmann">John Herrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Hiss" title="Donald Hiss">Donald Hiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Koval" title="George Koval">George Koval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Malisoff" title="William Malisoff">William Malisoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hede_Massing" title="Hede Massing">Hede Massing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Morros" title="Boris Morros">Boris Morros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Oggins" title="Isaiah Oggins">Isaiah Oggins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Perl" title="William Perl">William Perl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Perlo" title="Victor Perlo">Victor Perlo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Peters" title="J. Peters">J. Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ward_Pigman" title="William Ward Pigman">William Ward Pigman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Pressman" title="Lee Pressman">Lee Pressman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Reno" title="Vincent Reno">Vincent Reno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_and_Ethel_Rosenberg" title="Julius and Ethel Rosenberg">Julius and Ethel Rosenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sarant" title="Alfred Sarant">Alfred Sarant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saville_Sax" title="Saville Sax">Saville Sax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton_Sobell" title="Morton Sobell">Morton Sobell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ulanovsky" title="Alexander Ulanovsky">Alexander Ulanovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_Ulanovskaya" title="Nadezhda Ulanovskaya">Nadezhda Ulanovskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Wadleigh" title="Julian Wadleigh">Julian Wadleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Ware" title="Harold Ware">Harold Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Weisband" title="Bill Weisband">Bill Weisband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Weyl" title="Nathaniel Weyl">Nathaniel Weyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Dexter_White" title="Harry Dexter White">Harry Dexter White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Wicher" title="Maria Wicher">Maria Wicher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Witt" title="Nathan Witt">Nathan Witt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_Wovschin" title="Flora Wovschin">Flora Wovschin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoli_Yatskov" title="Anatoli Yatskov">Anatoli Yatskov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_espionage" title="Cold War espionage">Cold War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Abel" title="Rudolf Abel">Rudolf Abel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldrich_Ames" title="Aldrich Ames">Aldrich Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Sheldon_Boone" title="David Sheldon Boone">David Sheldon Boone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_John_Boyce" title="Christopher John Boyce">Christopher John Boyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Patrick_Cavanaugh" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Patrick Cavanaugh">Thomas Patrick Cavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dunlap" title="Jack Dunlap">Jack Dunlap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hall_III" title="James Hall III">James Hall III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hanssen" title="Robert Hanssen">Robert Hanssen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reino_H%C3%A4yh%C3%A4nen" title="Reino Häyhänen">Reino Häyhänen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Lee_Howard" title="Edward Lee Howard">Edward Lee Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lee_Johnson_(spy)" title="Robert Lee Johnson (spy)">Robert Lee Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Koecher" title="Karl Koecher">Karl Koecher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Daulton_Lee" title="Andrew Daulton Lee">Andrew Daulton Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lipka" title="Robert Lipka">Robert Lipka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton_J._Lonetree" title="Clayton J. Lonetree">Clayton J. Lonetree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Miller_(agent)" title="Richard Miller (agent)">Richard Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Pelton" title="Ronald Pelton">Ronald Pelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Edwin_Pitts" title="Earl Edwin Pitts">Earl Edwin Pitts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Soble" title="Jack Soble">Jack Soble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myra_Soble" title="Myra Soble">Myra Soble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Soblen" title="Robert Soblen">Robert Soblen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Seborer" title="Oscar Seborer">Oscar Seborer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Thompson_(spy)" title="Robert Thompson (spy)">Robert Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Trofimoff" title="George Trofimoff">George Trofimoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Anthony_Walker" title="John Anthony Walker">John Anthony Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Whitworth" title="Jerry Whitworth">Jerry Whitworth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Post-Soviet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Buryakov" title="Evgeny Buryakov">Evgeny Buryakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Chapman" title="Anna Chapman">Anna Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Debbins" title="Peter Debbins">Peter Debbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hanssen" title="Robert Hanssen">Robert Hanssen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_James_Nicholson" title="Harold James Nicholson">Harold James Nicholson</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Illegals_Program" title="Illegals Program">Illegals Program</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Five" title="Cambridge Five">Cambridge Five</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Blunt" title="Anthony Blunt">Anthony Blunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Burgess" title="Guy Burgess">Guy Burgess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cairncross" title="John Cairncross">John Cairncross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Maclean_(spy)" title="Donald Maclean (spy)">Donald Maclean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Philby" title="Kim Philby">Kim Philby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Portland_spy_ring" title="Portland spy ring">Portland spy ring</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lona_Cohen" title="Lona Cohen">Lona Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_Cohen_(spy)" title="Morris Cohen (spy)">Morris Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Gee" title="Ethel Gee">Ethel Gee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Houghton" title="Harry Houghton">Harry Houghton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konon_Molody" title="Konon Molody">Konon Molody</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bettaney" title="Michael Bettaney">Michael Bettaney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Blake" title="George Blake">George Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Crook" title="David Crook">David Crook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litzi_Friedmann" title="Litzi Friedmann">Litzi Friedmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Fuchs" title="Klaus Fuchs">Klaus Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Glading" title="Percy Glading">Percy Glading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melita_Norwood" title="Melita Norwood">Melita Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Nunn_May" title="Alan Nunn May">Alan Nunn May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Peet_(1915%E2%80%931988)" title="John Peet (1915–1988)">John Peet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Prime" title="Geoffrey Prime">Geoffrey Prime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goronwy_Rees" title="Goronwy Rees">Goronwy Rees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_John_Smith_(espionage)" title="Michael John Smith (espionage)">Michael John Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Springhall" title="Dave Springhall">Dave Springhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Alexander_Symonds" title="John Alexander Symonds">John Alexander Symonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Tudor-Hart" title="Edith Tudor-Hart">Edith Tudor-Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Vassall" title="John Vassall">John Vassall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wynn" title="Arthur Wynn">Arthur Wynn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Carr" title="Sam Carr">Sam Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Delisle" title="Jeffrey Delisle">Jeffrey Delisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Gouzenko" title="Igor Gouzenko">Igor Gouzenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Miller" title="Elena Miller">Elena Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerda_Munsinger" title="Gerda Munsinger">Gerda Munsinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Joseph_Ratkai" title="Stephen Joseph Ratkai">Stephen Joseph Ratkai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Rose_(politician)" title="Fred Rose (politician)">Fred Rose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hirohide Ishida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yotoku_Miyagi" title="Yotoku Miyagi">Yotoku Miyagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanz%C5%8D_Nosaka" title="Sanzō Nosaka">Sanzō Nosaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotsumi_Ozaki" title="Hotsumi Ozaki">Hotsumi Ozaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%ABz%C5%8D_Sejima" title="Ryūzō Sejima">Ryūzō Sejima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elsewhere /<br />in combination</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gregory_Barmine" title="Alexander Gregory Barmine">Alexander Gregory Barmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stig_Bergling" title="Stig Bergling">Stig Bergling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Gerhardt" title="Dieter Gerhardt">Dieter Gerhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Krivitsky" title="Walter Krivitsky">Walter Krivitsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerttu_Nuorteva" title="Kerttu Nuorteva">Kerttu Nuorteva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Petrov_(diplomat)" title="Vladimir Petrov (diplomat)">Vladimir Mikhaylovich Petrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Raskolnikov" title="Fyodor Raskolnikov">Fyodor Raskolnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Redl" title="Alfred Redl">Alfred Redl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignace_Reiss" title="Ignace Reiss">Ignace Reiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Shlykov" title="Vitaly Shlykov">Vitaly Shlykov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Simm" title="Herman Simm">Herman Simm</a></li> <li><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siddiq_Ghouse" class="extiw" title="ms:Siddiq Ghouse">Siddiq Ghouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Sorge" title="Richard Sorge">Richard Sorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arne_Treholt" title="Arne Treholt">Arne Treholt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stig_Wennerstr%C3%B6m_(colonel)" title="Stig Wennerström (colonel)">Stig Wennerström</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5770189#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5770189#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5770189#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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