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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="7zXNsLhi0icRduZabPfbAJ9tStuaI4H/NfX175GOxyyYLi3sZluqDOwZNcxMWt6zgL6SejYUOlu2PZW5PlOZLA==" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Risk Analysis of the Vessel Traffic in the Strait of Istanbul" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2009/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Risk Analysis" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="İLHAN İLHAN" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/4380858/Risk_Analysis_of_the_Vessel_Traffic_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Risk Analysis of the Vessel Traffic in the Strait of Istanbul" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="The Strait of Istanbul, the narrow waterway separating Europe from Asia, holds a strategic importance in maritime transportation as it links the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. It is considered as one of the world&#39;s most congested and" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/twitter-card.jpeg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/4380858/Risk_Analysis_of_the_Vessel_Traffic_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Risk Analysis of the Vessel Traffic in the Strait of Istanbul" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The Strait of Istanbul, the narrow waterway separating Europe from Asia, holds a strategic importance in maritime transportation as it links the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. It is considered as one of the world&#39;s most congested and" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/%C4%B0LHAN%C4%B0LHAN" /> <meta name="description" content="The Strait of Istanbul, the narrow waterway separating Europe from Asia, holds a strategic importance in maritime transportation as it links the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. It is considered as one of the world&#39;s most congested and" /> <title>(PDF) Risk Analysis of the Vessel Traffic in the Strait of Istanbul | İLHAN İLHAN - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/4380858/Risk_Analysis_of_the_Vessel_Traffic_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '92477ec68c09d28ae4730a4143c926f074776319'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732794460000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732794460000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"The Strait of Istanbul, the narrow waterway separating Europe from Asia, holds a strategic importance in maritime transportation as it links the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. It is considered as one of the world\u0026amp;#39;s most congested and difficult-to-navigate waterways. Over 55,000 transit vessels pass through the Strait annually, roughly 20% of which carry dangerous cargo. In this study, we have analyzed safety risks pertaining to transit vessel maritime traffic in the Strait of Istanbul and proposed ways to mitigate them. Safety risk analysis was performed by incorporating a probabilistic accident risk model into the simulation model. A mathematical risk model was developed based on probabilistic arguments regarding instigators, situations, accidents, consequences, and historical data, as well as subject-matter expert opinions. Scenario analysis was carried out to study the behavior of the accident risks, with respect to changes in the surrounding geographical, meteorological, and traffic conditions. Our numerical investigations suggested some significant policy indications. Local traffic density and pilotage turned out to be two main factors affecting the risks at the Strait of Istanbul. Results further indicate that scheduling changes to allow more vessels into the Strait will increase risks to extreme levels. Conversely, scheduling policy changes that are opted to reduce risks may cause major increases in average vessel waiting times. This in turn signifies that the current operations at the Strait of Istanbul have reached a critical level beyond which both risks and vessel delays are unacceptable.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"İLHAN İLHAN"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2013-09-01","dateModified":"2015-12-16","datePublished":"2009-01-01","headline":"Risk Analysis of the Vessel Traffic in the Strait of Istanbul","inLanguage":"en","keywords":[],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Risk Analysis","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/4380858/Risk_Analysis_of_the_Vessel_Traffic_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F4380858%2FRisk_Analysis_of_the_Vessel_Traffic_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F4380858%2FRisk_Analysis_of_the_Vessel_Traffic_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":49895769,"identifier":"Attachment_49895769","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":4380858,"created_at":"2013-09-01T08:05:24.754-07:00","from_world_paper_id":119354094,"updated_at":"2021-01-12T05:16:52.302-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"The Strait of Istanbul, the narrow waterway separating Europe from Asia, holds a strategic importance in maritime transportation as it links the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. It is considered as one of the world's most congested and difficult-to-navigate waterways. Over 55,000 transit vessels pass through the Strait annually, roughly 20% of which carry dangerous cargo. In this study, we have analyzed safety risks pertaining to transit vessel maritime traffic in the Strait of Istanbul and proposed ways to mitigate them. Safety risk analysis was performed by incorporating a probabilistic accident risk model into the simulation model. A mathematical risk model was developed based on probabilistic arguments regarding instigators, situations, accidents, consequences, and historical data, as well as subject-matter expert opinions. Scenario analysis was carried out to study the behavior of the accident risks, with respect to changes in the surrounding geographical, meteorological, and traffic conditions. Our numerical investigations suggested some significant policy indications. Local traffic density and pilotage turned out to be two main factors affecting the risks at the Strait of Istanbul. Results further indicate that scheduling changes to allow more vessels into the Strait will increase risks to extreme levels. Conversely, scheduling policy changes that are opted to reduce risks may cause major increases in average vessel waiting times. This in turn signifies that the current operations at the Strait of Istanbul have reached a critical level beyond which both risks and vessel delays are unacceptable.","publication_date":"2009,,","publication_name":"Risk Analysis"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Risk Analysis of the Vessel Traffic in the Strait of Istanbul","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [5361205]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":49895769,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Risk Analysis of the Vessel Traffic in the Strait of Istanbul”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/49895769/mini_magick20190130-31489-b8lwmp.png?1548861922" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Risk Analysis of the Vessel Traffic in the Strait of Istanbul</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5361205" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%C4%B0LHAN%C4%B0LHAN"><img alt="Profile image of İLHAN İLHAN" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />İLHAN İLHAN</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2009, Risk Analysis</p></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The Strait of Istanbul, the narrow waterway separating Europe from Asia, holds a strategic importance in maritime transportation as it links the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. It is considered as one of the world's most congested and difficult-to-navigate waterways. Over 55,000 transit vessels pass through the Strait annually, roughly 20% of which carry dangerous cargo. In this study, we have analyzed safety risks pertaining to transit vessel maritime traffic in the Strait of Istanbul and proposed ways to mitigate them. Safety risk analysis was performed by incorporating a probabilistic accident risk model into the simulation model. A mathematical risk model was developed based on probabilistic arguments regarding instigators, situations, accidents, consequences, and historical data, as well as subject-matter expert opinions. Scenario analysis was carried out to study the behavior of the accident risks, with respect to changes in the surrounding geographical, meteorological, and traffic conditions. Our numerical investigations suggested some significant policy indications. Local traffic density and pilotage turned out to be two main factors affecting the risks at the Strait of Istanbul. Results further indicate that scheduling changes to allow more vessels into the Strait will increase risks to extreme levels. Conversely, scheduling policy changes that are opted to reduce risks may cause major increases in average vessel waiting times. This in turn signifies that the current operations at the Strait of Istanbul have reached a critical level beyond which both risks and vessel delays are unacceptable.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":49895769,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/4380858/Risk_Analysis_of_the_Vessel_Traffic_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":49895769,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/4380858/Risk_Analysis_of_the_Vessel_Traffic_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="49895769" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/4380858/Risk_Analysis_of_the_Vessel_Traffic_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="14681367" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14681367/A_Comparison_of_Maritime_Risk_Perception_and_Accident_Statistics_in_the_Istanbul_Strait">A Comparison of Maritime Risk Perception and Accident Statistics in the Istanbul Strait</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33629220" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BrankoZ">Branko Z</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Comparison of Maritime Risk Perception and Accident Statistics in the Istanbul Strait","attachmentId":38387510,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14681367/A_Comparison_of_Maritime_Risk_Perception_and_Accident_Statistics_in_the_Istanbul_Strait","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/14681367/A_Comparison_of_Maritime_Risk_Perception_and_Accident_Statistics_in_the_Istanbul_Strait"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="103506113" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/103506113/A_Navigation_Safety_Support_Model_for_the_Strait_of_Istanbul">A Navigation Safety Support Model for the Strait of Istanbul</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="274114171" href="https://independent.academia.edu/mustafayaz%C4%B1c%C4%B147">mustafa yazıcı</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Navigation, 2009</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In this study, a real time maritime traffic support model is developed for safe navigation in the Strait of Istanbul, also known as the Bosporus. The present model simulates vessel trajectories corresponding to possible headings, using channel geometry, counter traffic, and surface currents as input. A new MATLAB code is developed for the simulation and the Marine GNC Toolbox (Fossen and Perez, 2004) is used for the vessel hydrodynamics and the auto-pilot model. After computing the trajectory tree of the vessel by forward-mapping its position distribution with respect to the initial position vector, the casualty probabilities of each trajectory are found. Within certain restrictions on vessel geometry, the proposed model predicts the safest possible intended course for the transit vessels based on the navigational parameters including position, speed, and course of the vessel. The model is tested for the Strait of Istanbul for validation. Without loss of generality, the model can be...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Navigation Safety Support Model for the Strait of Istanbul","attachmentId":103495259,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103506113/A_Navigation_Safety_Support_Model_for_the_Strait_of_Istanbul","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/103506113/A_Navigation_Safety_Support_Model_for_the_Strait_of_Istanbul"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="92734590" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/92734590/A_suggestion_to_improve_navigational_safety_in_the_Strait_of_Istanbul_Bosphorus_Patrol_tugs">A suggestion to improve navigational safety in the Strait of Istanbul (Bosphorus): Patrol tugs</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="102662857" href="https://istanbultek.academia.edu/Cahit%C4%B0stikbal">Cahit İstikbal</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Strait of Istanbul, which connects the Black Sea countries and the rest of the world, is the second busiest waterway in the world. 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Krata</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="501011" href="https://aalto-fi.academia.edu/JakubMontewka">Jakub Montewka</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35393603" href="https://aalto-fi.academia.edu/PenttiKujala">Pentti Kujala</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">jakubmontewka.com, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"SELECTED PROBLEMS OF MARITIME TRAFFIC RISK MODELLING","attachmentId":8381813,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1350407/SELECTED_PROBLEMS_OF_MARITIME_TRAFFIC_RISK_MODELLING","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1350407/SELECTED_PROBLEMS_OF_MARITIME_TRAFFIC_RISK_MODELLING"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="101484523" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/101484523/Investigation_Into_Marine_Traffic_and_a_Risky_Area_in_the_Turkish_Straits_System_Canakkale_Strait">Investigation Into Marine Traffic and a Risky Area in the Turkish Straits System: Canakkale Strait</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="268930913" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ErsanBasar">Ersan Basar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">TRANSPORT, 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Turkish Straits comprising the Strait of Canakkale, the Strait of Istanbul and the Sea of Marmara are unique in many respects. All dangers and obstacles characteristic of narrow waterways are present and acute in this critical sea lane. This research reveals the simulation of Canakkale (Dardanelle) Strait under different traffic conditions and identifies risky areas. The results of this simulation show that an increase of 25% in the existing traffic grows 43 times in the number of waiting ships (from 1.663 to 73.73), whereas waiting time increases 29 times (from 24.267 to 737.07). As a result of simulations and risk analysis, it is found that Nara turning point is the bottleneck point of the strait due to its topographic structure and the current system.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Investigation Into Marine Traffic and a Risky Area in the Turkish Straits System: Canakkale Strait","attachmentId":102014621,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101484523/Investigation_Into_Marine_Traffic_and_a_Risky_Area_in_the_Turkish_Straits_System_Canakkale_Strait","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/101484523/Investigation_Into_Marine_Traffic_and_a_Risky_Area_in_the_Turkish_Straits_System_Canakkale_Strait"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="73014121" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73014121/Analysis_of_maritime_transportation_risk_factors">Analysis of maritime transportation risk factors</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66208435" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GeorgePanagakos">George Panagakos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1998</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper presents an analysis on the factors that are important determinants of maritime transportation risk. The analysis has been part of an international, multi-partner project. The purpose of the project has been to identify technologies and other measures to improve maritime safety, mainly in the context of European waters. 1.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Analysis of maritime transportation risk factors","attachmentId":81705040,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/73014121/Analysis_of_maritime_transportation_risk_factors","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/73014121/Analysis_of_maritime_transportation_risk_factors"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="11676720" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11676720/A_RISK_FRAMEWORK_FOR_MARITIME_TRANSPORTATION_SYSTEMS">A RISK FRAMEWORK FOR MARITIME TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7811336" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FlorisGoerlandt">Floris Goerlandt</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A RISK FRAMEWORK FOR MARITIME TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS","attachmentId":37126711,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11676720/A_RISK_FRAMEWORK_FOR_MARITIME_TRANSPORTATION_SYSTEMS","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11676720/A_RISK_FRAMEWORK_FOR_MARITIME_TRANSPORTATION_SYSTEMS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="73014114" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73014114/An_Analysis_of_Maritime_Transportation_Risk_Factors">An Analysis of Maritime Transportation Risk Factors</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66208435" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GeorgePanagakos">George Panagakos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1998</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper presents an analysis on the factors that are important determinants of maritime transportation risk. The analysis has been part of an international, multi-partner project. The purpose of the project has been to identify technologies and other measures to improve maritime safety, mainly in the context of European waters.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An Analysis of Maritime Transportation Risk Factors","attachmentId":81704989,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/73014114/An_Analysis_of_Maritime_Transportation_Risk_Factors","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/73014114/An_Analysis_of_Maritime_Transportation_Risk_Factors"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="25218512" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25218512/Modelling_the_accident_probability_in_large_scale_maritime_transportation_system">Modelling the accident probability in large-scale, maritime transportation system</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="501011" href="https://aalto-fi.academia.edu/JakubMontewka">Jakub Montewka</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The probability of an accident in transportation systems can serve as a measure of these systems safety or risk, depending on the objective. Therefore numerous methods and models for risk evaluation, with respect to maritime, have been developed. However, these models are either too simplified, allowing relatively fast analysis but very often missing the substantial links among the model variables, or they are too slow for effective analysis, due to computational complexity, not necessarily backed-up with the complexity of the model itself. Thereby, this paper introduces a novel method evaluating the probability of ship-ship collision in the maritime transportation system focusing on the open sea collisions, applying the queuing theory in the simulation model. The model allows relatively fast prediction as it focuses on the specific events (e.g. accidents), instead of simulating the whole traffic. To support this hypothesis a case study is presented focusing on a selected element of...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Modelling the accident probability in large-scale, maritime transportation system","attachmentId":45529556,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25218512/Modelling_the_accident_probability_in_large_scale_maritime_transportation_system","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25218512/Modelling_the_accident_probability_in_large_scale_maritime_transportation_system"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":49895769,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":49895769,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_49895769" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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