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searchaux" style="display:none">Liturgical manual produced in 1644</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Order" title="Book of Common Order">Book of Common Order</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Directory_for_Public_Worship.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Directory_for_Public_Worship.jpg/220px-Directory_for_Public_Worship.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="415" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Directory_for_Public_Worship.jpg/330px-Directory_for_Public_Worship.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Directory_for_Public_Worship.jpg/440px-Directory_for_Public_Worship.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1316" data-file-height="2485" /></a><figcaption>Title page of Directory for Public Worship</figcaption></figure> <p> The <i><b>Directory for Public Worship</b></i><sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_titl"><a class="external autonumber" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_for_Public_Worship#endnote_titl">[1]</a></sup> (known in Scotland as the <i><b>Westminster Directory</b></i>) is a liturgical manual produced by the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Assembly" title="Westminster Assembly">Westminster Assembly</a> in 1644 to replace the <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a></i>. Approved by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliament of England</a> in 1644 and the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Scotland" title="Parliament of Scotland">Parliament of Scotland</a> in 1645, the <i>Directory</i> is part of the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Standards" title="Westminster Standards">Westminster Standards</a>, together with the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Confession_of_Faith" title="Westminster Confession of Faith">Westminster Confession of Faith</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Shorter_Catechism" title="Westminster Shorter Catechism">Westminster Shorter Catechism</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Larger_Catechism" title="Westminster Larger Catechism">Westminster Larger Catechism</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Form_of_Presbyterial_Church_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Form of Presbyterial Church Government">Form of Church Government</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directory_for_Public_Worship&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The movement against the <i>Book of Common Prayer</i>, partly inspired by the English Parliament, had come to a head with the submission of the <a href="/wiki/Root_and_Branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Root and Branch">Root and Branch</a> petition of 1640, which demanded "that the said government (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">episcopal system</a>) with all its dependencies, roots and branches be abolished." Among the "branches" was the Book of Common Prayer, which was said to be a "Liturgy for the most part framed out of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Romish</a> Breviary, Rituals, [and] Mass Book." </p><p>Thus in 1641, an abridgment of <a href="/wiki/John_Knox" title="John Knox">John Knox</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Order" title="Book of Common Order">Book of Common Order</a></i> was presented to the <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">Long Parliament</a>. In 1644, another adaptation of the same original was presented to the Westminster Assembly and printed. However, the parliamentary divines resolved to produce their own book, and set up a committee which was to agree on a set of instructions for ministers in charge of congregations—not a fixed form of devotion, but a manual of directions. While the English <i>Book of Common Prayer</i> had early use in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, it is a fixed liturgy, providing a range of fixed prayers and detailed tables of fixed lessons. It is therefore not easy to compare it with the <i>Directory</i>. However, the <i>Directory</i> does very much follow the <i>Book of Common Order</i> used in Scotland from 1564, which derived from Knox’s <i>Forme of Prayers</i> used in the English Congregation in <a href="/wiki/History_of_Geneva#Reformation" title="History of Geneva">Geneva</a>. This book affords discretion in the wording of the prayers and no fixed lectionary. </p><p>The <i>Directory</i> was produced by a parliamentary subcommittee among the Westminster divines. The chair of the subcommittee was <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Marshall_(English_clergyman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen Marshall (English clergyman)">Stephen Marshall</a>. Other members included <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Young_(theologian)" title="Thomas Young (theologian)">Thomas Young</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Palmer_(Puritan)" title="Herbert Palmer (Puritan)">Herbert Palmer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Herle" title="Charles Herle">Charles Herle</a>. Representing the <a href="/wiki/Independent_(religion)" title="Independent (religion)">Independents</a> were <a href="/wiki/Philip_Nye" title="Philip Nye">Philip Nye</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Goodwin" title="Thomas Goodwin">Thomas Goodwin</a>, and representing the Scottish <a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterians</a> were <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Henderson_(theologian)" title="Alexander Henderson (theologian)">Alexander Henderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Baillie" title="Robert Baillie">Robert Baillie</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Gillespie" title="George Gillespie">George Gillespie</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Rutherford" title="Samuel Rutherford">Samuel Rutherford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The text appears to be in the style of Nye's writing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contents">Contents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directory_for_Public_Worship&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Contents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Directory</i> was something like an agenda, but it was also something of a handbook of pastoral practice containing a lengthy section on visiting the sick, and a detailed section on preaching. The book reflected the compilers' belief in the <a href="/wiki/Regulative_principle_of_worship" title="Regulative principle of worship">regulative principle of worship</a>, which holds that only what is mandated by explicit Scripture, whether by explicit command, precept or example or by <a href="/wiki/Good_and_necessary_consequence" class="mw-redirect" title="Good and necessary consequence">good and necessary consequence</a> can be deduced from Scripture was warranted in the public worship of <a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a>. </p><p>The <i>Directory</i> lays down a structure of worship centered on the reading of <a href="/wiki/Holy_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Bible">Scripture</a>. The canonical scriptures are to be read in order, a chapter of each testament at a time, after which there was a long prescribed prayer and then the minister was to preach to the effect that "his own and his hearers' hearts [are] to be rightly affected with their sins." </p><p><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a> was to be administered at this same service using a <a href="/wiki/Baptismal_font" title="Baptismal font">baptismal font</a> which the people could see and where they could hear, rather than hitherto where fonts had often been placed at the entrance of the church. A long instruction preceded the administration of the rite which, among other things, made the point that baptism is not so necessary that the child would be damned or the parents guilty if it were not administered, on the grounds that the children of the faithful "are Christians and <a href="/wiki/Covenant_(biblical)" title="Covenant (biblical)">federally</a> holy before baptism." There was to be prayer that the inward <a href="/wiki/Baptism_with_the_Holy_Spirit" title="Baptism with the Holy Spirit">baptism of the Spirit</a> would be joined with the outward baptism of water. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Scottish_Sacrament.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/A_Scottish_Sacrament.jpg/220px-A_Scottish_Sacrament.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/A_Scottish_Sacrament.jpg/330px-A_Scottish_Sacrament.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/A_Scottish_Sacrament.jpg/440px-A_Scottish_Sacrament.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="781" /></a><figcaption><i>A Scottish Sacrament</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Dobson" title="Henry John Dobson">Henry John Dobson</a></figcaption></figure><p>Communion was to take place after the morning sermon, and was to be celebrated often, though the <i>Directory</i> does not specify precisely how often; to the Scots, quarterly or half-yearly was sufficient, but some English <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> churches observed monthly, while most <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicans</a> only practiced communion once a year. Those wishing to receive communion were to sit "about" or "at" the <a href="/wiki/Communion_table" title="Communion table">communion table</a>. The disjunctive words "about" and "at" were a compromise between the Scottish view of the necessity of sitting around a table and a common view in England that partaking in the pews was in order. The <a href="/wiki/Words_of_institution" class="mw-redirect" title="Words of institution">words of institution</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospels</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Mark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Matthew</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Luke</a>, or from <a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Tarsus" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul of Tarsus">Paul</a>'s <a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_to_the_Corinthians" title="First Epistle to the Corinthians">First Epistle to the Corinthians</a>, were an essential part of the celebration. These were followed by a prayer of thanksgiving to God "to vouchsafe his gracious presence, and the effectual working of his Spirit in us; and so to sanctify these elements, both of bread and wine, and to bless his own ordinance, that we may receive by faith the body and blood of <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a> crucified for us, and so feed upon him that he may be one with us, and we with him, and that he may live in us and we in him and to him, who hath loved us and given himself for us." The bread was then to be <a href="/wiki/Fraction_(religion)" title="Fraction (religion)">broken</a> and shared and the wine also. The collection of <a href="/wiki/Alms" title="Alms">alms</a> for the poor was to be organised so that it in no way hindered the service. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a> involved the consent of the parties, publication of intention, and a religious service in a place of public worship on any day of the year, but preferably not the <a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Day" title="Lord's Day">Lord's Day</a>. It consisted of prayer, an explanation of the origin and purpose of marriage, an enquiry as to if there is any impediment, the exchange of vows, the pronouncement that the couple be husband and wife, and a closing prayer. A register of marriages was to be kept. </p><p>The <i>Directory</i> made no provision for <a href="/wiki/Burial" title="Burial">burial</a> services, on the grounds that burial services had inspired superstitious practices. It did, however, permit "civil respects or deferences" at the burial, "appropriate to the rank and condition of the party deceased," to put the friends of the deceased in mind of their duty to improve the occasion. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hammond" title="Henry Hammond">Henry Hammond</a>, later Chaplain to Charles I, advanced six objections to the <i>Directory</i> in his 1645 work, <i>A View of the New Directory and a Vindication of the Ancient Liturgy of the Church of England</i>. Hammond wrote that the <i>Directory</i> avoids (1) a prescribed form or liturgy, (2) outward or bodily worship, (3) uniformity in worship, (4) congregants participating through responses in prayers, <a href="/wiki/Hymns" class="mw-redirect" title="Hymns">hymns</a>, and readings, (5) the division of prayers into several collects or portions, and (6) ceremonies such as kneeling in <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">communion</a>, the cross in baptism, and the ring in marriage. In respect of (1) this has been covered already. In respect of (2), doting on ceremonies and outward gestures (e.g. bowing to the east) was indeed avoided. As for (3), it was intended that there be uniformity in the parts of worship though not the words, while in regard to (4) and (5) the <i>Directory</i> is not so opposite as Hammond suggests although it does not seem very positive on singing. In regard to (6), kneeling in communion and the cross in baptism had been matters of long and significant controversy between the parties in the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>. </p><p>Hammond then noted sixteen items avoided in the <i>Directory</i> which are more particularly related to the parts of the service: (1) pronouncing of <a href="/wiki/Absolution" title="Absolution">absolution</a>, (2) the necessity of singing psalms and other hymns of the church, (3) the use of the <a href="/wiki/Doxology" title="Doxology">doxology</a>, (4) the use of the ancient <a href="/wiki/Creeds" class="mw-redirect" title="Creeds">creeds</a>, (5) the frequent use of the <a href="/wiki/Lord%E2%80%99s_Prayer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord’s Prayer">Lord’s Prayer</a> and prayers for the King, (6) saints days and the <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">liturgical year</a>, (7) the reading of the <a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments" title="Ten Commandments">commandments</a> and associated prayers, (8) the order of the <a href="/wiki/Offertory" title="Offertory">offertory</a>, (9) private baptism, (10) a prescribed <a href="/wiki/Catechism" title="Catechism">catechism</a> (although this was covered by the later Westminster Larger and Shorter Catechisms), (11) <a href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">confirmation</a>, (12) solemnities of burial for the sake of the living, (13) thanksgiving after childbirth, (14) <a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle#Communion_for_the_sick_–_Catholic_Rite" title="Church tabernacle">communion for the sick</a>, (15) The Commination service at the beginning of <a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a>, (16) the observation of Lent, <a href="/wiki/Rogation_days" title="Rogation days">Rogation days</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ember_days#Ember_Weeks" title="Ember days">Ember weeks</a>. Several of these items (1-5,7,10) had use in other <a href="/wiki/Reformed_Theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformed Theology">Reformed</a> churches, but the major items did not. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_by_the_Church_of_England">Use by the Church of England</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directory_for_Public_Worship&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Use by the Church of England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In some areas of England, notably in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a>, Presbyterian <a href="/wiki/Presbytery_(church_polity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbytery (church polity)">classes</a> (presbyteries) were set up in 1646 and operated until the <a href="/wiki/English_Restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="English Restoration">Restoration of Charles II</a> in 1660. Although by no means universally adopted even within these areas, there is good evidence to show that many of these parishes both bought and used the <i>Directory</i>. It was probably also used in parishes with <a href="/wiki/Congregational_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational church">Congregationalist</a>, or Independent, ministers. However, those parishes that did adopt the <i>Directory</i> were in the minority, and the <i>Book of Common Prayer</i> continued in use secretly across much of the country, particularly in relation to funerals. It is clear that the <i>Directory</i> was deeply unpopular with the majority of the population, and some of the best evidence for its use can be deduced from negative reactions to it, in particular the dramatically reduced baptism rate in those parishes where the <i>Directory</i> was adopted.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_by_the_Church_of_Scotland">Use by the Church of Scotland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directory_for_Public_Worship&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Use by the Church of Scotland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">General Assembly of the Church of Scotland</a> adopted the <i>Westminster Directory</i> during that Assembly's 10 Session on 3 February 1645.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In adopting the text of the <i>Directory</i>, however, the Assembly provided several clarifications and provisions and later, during Session 14 on February 7, 1645, it provided even further clarifications for application within the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The adopting acts, therefore, attempted to keep intact those traditions and practices of the Scottish church where they differed from those of some English churches, whether Puritan or Independent, so long as these differences proved no offense to those English churches.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such differences in implementation included, for instance, the Scots coming forward to sit around the communion table, retaining the use of the <i><a href="/wiki/Epiklesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Epiklesis">epiklesis</a>,</i> the singing of a <a href="/wiki/Psalm" class="mw-redirect" title="Psalm">psalm</a> while tables dismissed and came forward, the distribution of bread and wine by communicants among themselves, and "a sermon of Thanksgiving" after communion. The <i>Westminster Directory</i> did, however, have the effect of suppressing the Scottish "Reader's Service" and of eliminating the practice of ministers bowing in the pulpit to pray prior to the sermon.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directory_for_Public_Worship&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>W. A. Shaw, <i>A History of the English Church during the Civil War and under the Commonwealth 1640–1660</i>, 2 vols., (London, 1900)</li> <li>F. Procter, <i>A New History of the Book of Common Prayer</i>, rev. W. H. Frere, (Macmillan: London, 1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Maltby" title="Judith Maltby">Judith Maltby</a>, <i>Prayer Book and People in Elizabethan and Early Stuart England</i>, (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Morrill_(historian)" title="John Morrill (historian)">John Morrill</a>, ‘The Church in England 1642–1649’, in <i>Reactions to the English Civil War</i>, ed. John Morrill, (Macmillan: Basingstoke, 1982), pp 89–114, reprinted in John Morrill, <i>The Nature of the English Revolution</i>, (Longman: London, 1993)</li> <li>Christopher Durston, ‘Puritan Rule and the Failure of Cultural Revolution, 1645-1660’, in <i>The Culture of English Puritanism</i>, 1560–1700, ed. Christopher Durston and Jacqueline Eales, (Macmillan: Basingstoke, 1996), p 210–233</li> <li><i>Minutes of the Manchester Presbyterian Classis</i>, ed. W A Shaw, 3 vols., Chetham Society, new series, 20, 22 & 24 (1890–1891)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directory_for_Public_Worship&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Note"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_titl"><b><a href="#ref_titl">^</a></b></span> The <a href="/wiki/Long_title" class="mw-redirect" title="Long title">full name</a> of the book was <i><b>A Directory for Public Worship of God throughout the Three Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Together with an Ordinance of Parliament for the taking away of the Book of Common Prayer, and the Establishing and Observing of this Present Directory throughout the Kingdom of England and the Dominion of Wales.</b></i> The <a href="/wiki/Long_title" class="mw-redirect" title="Long title">full name</a> of the 1645 Scottish Act was <b>CHARLES I. Parl. 3. Sess. An ACT of the PARLIAMENT of the KINGDOM of SCOTLAND, approving and establishing the DIRECTORY for Publick Worship. AT EDINBURGH, February 6, 1645</b></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directory_for_Public_Worship&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kreuz-hugenotten.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Kreuz-hugenotten.svg/18px-Kreuz-hugenotten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Kreuz-hugenotten.svg/27px-Kreuz-hugenotten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Kreuz-hugenotten.svg/37px-Kreuz-hugenotten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="557" data-file-height="849" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Reformed_Christianity" title="Portal:Reformed Christianity">Reformed Christianity portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lukas Vischer (2003) Christian Worship in Reformed Churches Past and Present, pp. 78–79</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epcew.org.uk/resources/the-directory-for-the-publick-worship-of-god">Act for the Establishing and Putting in Execution of the Directory for the Publick Worship of God</a> (Act). General Assembly of the Kirk of Scotland. 3 February 1645.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Act+for+the+Establishing+and+Putting+in+Execution+of+the+Directory+for+the+Publick+Worship+of+God&rft.pub=General+Assembly+of+the+Kirk+of+Scotland&rft.date=1645-02-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.epcew.org.uk%2Fresources%2Fthe-directory-for-the-publick-worship-of-god&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADirectory+for+Public+Worship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Acts of the general assembly of the church of Scotland, 1638-1842</i> (Edinburgh: Edinburgh Printing and Publishing, 1843) pp. 115-116, 120-121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sprott, George Washington, <i>The worship and offices of the church of Scotland</i> (Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons, 1882).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Sprott" title="George Washington Sprott">Sprott, George Washington</a>, <i>The worship and offices of the church of Scotland</i> (Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons, 1882) and Chapell, Bryan, <i>Christ-Centered Worship: Letting the Gospel Shape Our Practice</i> (Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States: Baker Academic, 2009).</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directory_for_Public_Worship&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, 1642–1660: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/acts-ordinances-interregnum/pp582-607">An Ordinance for taking away the Book of Common Prayer, and for establishing and putting in execution of the Directory for the publique worship of God.</a> Text of the Directory appended to an ordinance of the Parliament of England, 4 January 1645.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reformed.org/documents/wcf_standards/p369-direct_pub_worship.html">Directory text incorporated in <i>ACT of the PARLIAMENT of the KINGDOM of SCOTLAND, approving and establishing the DIRECTORY for Publick Worship</i></a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Westminster_Assembly" title="Template:Westminster Assembly"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Westminster_Assembly" title="Template talk:Westminster Assembly"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Westminster_Assembly" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Westminster Assembly"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Westminster_Assembly" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Assembly" title="Westminster Assembly">Westminster Assembly</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Standards" title="Westminster Standards">Documents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Confession_of_Faith" title="Westminster Confession of Faith">Westminster Confession of Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Larger_Catechism" title="Westminster Larger Catechism">Westminster Larger Catechism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Shorter_Catechism" title="Westminster Shorter Catechism">Westminster Shorter Catechism</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Directory for Public Worship</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Form_of_Presbyterial_Church_Government" title="The Form of Presbyterial Church Government">Form of Presbyterial Church Government</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Westminster_Assembly" title="List of members of the Westminster Assembly">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Arrowsmith_(scholar)" title="John Arrowsmith (scholar)">John Arrowsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_Ashe" title="Simeon Ashe">Simeon Ashe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Baillie" title="Robert Baillie">Robert Baillie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Baylie" title="Thomas Baylie">Thomas Baylie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Blair_(moderator)" title="Robert Blair (moderator)">Robert Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bolton" title="Samuel Bolton">Samuel Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bond_(jurist)" title="John Bond (jurist)">John Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bridge" title="William Bridge">William Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Brownrigg" title="Ralph Brownrigg">Ralph Brownrigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Burges" title="Anthony Burges">Anthony Burges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Burges" title="Cornelius Burges">Cornelius Burges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Burroughs" title="Jeremiah Burroughs">Jeremiah Burroughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoniram_Byfield" title="Adoniram Byfield">Adoniram Byfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Byfield" title="Richard Byfield">Richard Byfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Calamy_the_Elder" title="Edmund Calamy the Elder">Edmund Calamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Campbell,_1st_Marquess_of_Argyll" title="Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll">Archibald Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell,_1st_Earl_of_Loudoun" title="John Campbell, 1st Earl of Loudoun">John Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Capel" title="Richard Capel">Richard Capel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caryl" title="Joseph Caryl">Joseph Caryl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Case" title="Thomas Case">Thomas Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Cawdry" title="Daniel Cawdry">Daniel Cawdry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cecil,_2nd_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury">William Cecil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Cheynell" title="Francis Cheynell">Francis Cheynell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clotworthy,_1st_Viscount_Massereene" title="John Clotworthy, 1st Viscount Massereene">John Clotworthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coleman" title="Thomas Coleman">Thomas Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Conant" title="John Conant">John Conant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Conway,_2nd_Viscount_Conway" title="Edward Conway, 2nd Viscount Conway">Edward Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cook_(regicide)" title="John Cook (regicide)">John Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Corbet" title="Edward Corbet">Edward Corbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Crosse_(theologian)" title="Robert Crosse (theologian)">Robert Crosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Devereux,_3rd_Earl_of_Essex" title="Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex">Robert Devereux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Douglas_(minister)" title="Robert Douglas (minister)">Robert Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calybute_Downing" title="Calybute Downing">Calybute Downing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dury" title="John Dury">John Dury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Earle_(bishop)" title="John Earle (bishop)">John Earle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Elphinstone,_2nd_Lord_Balmerino" title="John Elphinstone, 2nd Lord Balmerino">John Elphinstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Featley" title="Daniel Featley">Daniel Featley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_Feilding,_2nd_Earl_of_Denbigh" title="Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh">Basil Feilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Fiennes" title="Nathaniel Fiennes">Nathaniel Fiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fiennes,_1st_Viscount_Saye_and_Sele" title="William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele">William Fiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ford_(minister)" title="Thomas Ford (minister)">Thomas Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gataker" title="Thomas Gataker">Thomas Gataker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Gillespie" title="George Gillespie">George Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Glynne_(judge)" title="John Glynne (judge)">John Glynne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Goodwin" title="Thomas Goodwin">Thomas Goodwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gouge" title="William Gouge">William Gouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Greenhill" title="William Greenhill">William Greenhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Grey,_1st_Baron_Grey_of_Werke" title="William Grey, 1st Baron Grey of Werke">William Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hacket" title="John Hacket">John Hacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Hale_(jurist)" title="Matthew Hale (jurist)">Matthew Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hammond" title="Henry Hammond">Henry Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Harley_(1579%E2%80%931656)" title="Robert Harley (1579–1656)">Robert Harley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Harris_(Warden)" title="John Harris (Warden)">John Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Harris_(minister)" title="Robert Harris (minister)">Robert Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Haselrig" title="Arthur Haselrig">Arthur Haselrig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Henderson_(theologian)" title="Alexander Henderson (theologian)">Alexander Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Herbert,_4th_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke">Philip Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Herle" title="Charles Herle">Charles Herle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hill_(Cambridge)" title="Thomas Hill (Cambridge)">Thomas Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Holdsworth" title="Richard Holdsworth">Richard Holdsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Howard,_1st_Baron_Howard_of_Escrick" title="Edward Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Escrick">Edward Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Hoyle" title="Joshua Hoyle">Joshua Hoyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Johnston" title="Archibald Johnston">Archibald Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ley" title="John Ley">John Ley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lightfoot" title="John Lightfoot">John Lightfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Love" title="Richard Love">Richard Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lyford" title="William Lyford">William Lyford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maitland,_1st_Duke_of_Lauderdale" title="John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale">John Maitland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Marshall_(minister)" title="Stephen Marshall (minister)">Stephen Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_(1604%E2%80%931690)" title="John Maynard (1604–1690)">John Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Mew" title="William Mew">William Mew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Montagu,_2nd_Earl_of_Manchester" title="Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester">Edward Montagu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Morley_(bishop)" title="George Morley (bishop)">George Morley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Newcomen" title="Matthew Newcomen">Matthew Newcomen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Nicholson_(English_bishop)" title="William Nicholson (English bishop)">William Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Nye" title="Philip Nye">Philip Nye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Palmer_(Puritan)" title="Herbert Palmer (Puritan)">Herbert Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algernon_Percy,_10th_Earl_of_Northumberland" title="Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland">Algernon Percy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Perne_(Puritan)" title="Andrew Perne (Puritan)">Andrew Perne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pierrepont_(politician)" title="William Pierrepont (politician)">William Pierrepont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pym" title="John Pym">John Pym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Reynolds" title="Edward Reynolds">Edward Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Reynolds_(MP)" title="Robert Reynolds (MP)">Robert Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Rich,_1st_Earl_of_Holland" title="Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland">Henry Rich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rous" title="Francis Rous">Francis Rous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Rudyerd" title="Benjamin Rudyerd">Benjamin Rudyerd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Rutherford" title="Samuel Rutherford">Samuel Rutherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sanderson_(theologian)" title="Robert Sanderson (theologian)">Robert Sanderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Scudder_(priest)" title="Henry Scudder (priest)">Henry Scudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Seaman" title="Lazarus Seaman">Lazarus Seaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah_Sedgwick" title="Obadiah Sedgwick">Obadiah Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Selden" title="John Selden">John Selden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josias_Shute" title="Josias Shute">Josias Shute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidrach_Simpson" title="Sidrach Simpson">Sidrach Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Spurstowe" title="William Spurstowe">William Spurstowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Staunton" title="Edmund Staunton">Edmund Staunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Sterry" title="Peter Sterry">Peter Sterry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_St_John,_1st_Earl_of_Bolingbroke" title="Oliver St John, 1st Earl of Bolingbroke">Oliver St John (1580–1646)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_St_John" title="Oliver St John">Oliver St John (1598–1673)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Strode" title="William Strode">William Strode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Strong_(priest,_died_1654)" title="William Strong (priest, died 1654)">William Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zouch_Tate" title="Zouch Tate">Zouch Tate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Tozer_(priest)" title="Henry Tozer (priest)">Henry Tozer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Tuckney" title="Anthony Tuckney">Anthony Tuckney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Twisse" title="William Twisse">William Twisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vane_the_Elder" title="Henry Vane the Elder">Henry Vane the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vane_the_Younger" title="Henry Vane the Younger">Henry Vane the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Vines_(minister)" title="Richard Vines (minister)">Richard Vines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Walker_(Puritan)" title="George Walker (Puritan)">George Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ward_(scholar)" title="Samuel Ward (scholar)">Samuel Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Westfield" title="Thomas Westfield">Thomas Westfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Wharton,_4th_Baron_Wharton" title="Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton">Philip Wharton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Whitaker" title="Jeremiah Whitaker">Jeremiah Whitaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_White_(colonist_priest)" title="John White (colonist priest)">John White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wilde_(jurist)" title="John Wilde (jurist)">John Wilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilkinson_(1610%E2%80%931675)" title="Henry Wilkinson (1610–1675)">Henry Wilkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Yonge_(died_1649)" title="Walter Yonge (died 1649)">Walter Yonge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Young_(theologian)" title="Thomas Young (theologian)">Thomas Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Chamber" title="Jerusalem Chamber">Jerusalem Chamber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anglican_liturgical_books" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C8A2C8;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anglican_liturgical_books" title="Template:Anglican liturgical books"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anglican_liturgical_books" title="Template talk:Anglican liturgical books"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anglican_liturgical_books" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anglican liturgical books"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anglican_liturgical_books" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Anglican liturgical books</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C8A2C8;;width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1549)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1549)">1549</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1552)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1552)">1552</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1559)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1559)">1559</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1604)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1604)">1604</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1662)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1662)">1662</a></dd> <dd><i>Liturgy of Comprehension</i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1928,_England)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1928, England)">1928</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopal Church (United States)</a></dt> <dd>1790</dd> <dd>1892</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1928,_United_States)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1928, United States)">1928</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1979)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1979)">1979</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Canada" title="Anglican Church of Canada">Anglican Church of Canada</a></dt> <dd>1918</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1962)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1962)">1962</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopal Church of Scotland">Episcopal Church of Scotland</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Prayer_Book_(1637)" title="Scottish Prayer Book (1637)">1637</a></dd> <dd>1912</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Prayer_Book_(1929)" title="Scottish Prayer Book (1929)">1929</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Church in Wales</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1984)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1984)">1984</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Special printings</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1843_illustrated_version)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1843 illustrated version)">1843 illustrated version</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1845_illuminated_version)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1845 illuminated version)">1845 illuminated version</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C8A2C8;;width:1%">Other liturgical books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Church of England</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Exhortation_and_Litany" title="Exhortation and Litany">Exhortation and Litany</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Edwardine_Ordinals" title="Edwardine Ordinals">Edwardine Ordinals</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Primer_(prayer_book)" title="Primer (prayer book)">Primer</a></dd> <dd><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Directory for Public Worship</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/English_Missal" title="English Missal">English Missal</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Alternative_Service_Book" title="Alternative Service Book">Alternative Service Book</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Common_Worship" title="Common Worship">Common Worship</a></i></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Elsewhere</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Missal" title="Anglican Missal">Anglican Missal</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Anglican_Service_Book" title="The Anglican Service Book">The Anglican Service Book</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Alternative_Services" title="Book of Alternative Services">Book of Alternative Services</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(Unitarian)" title="Book of Common Prayer (Unitarian)"><i>Book of Common Prayer</i> (Unitarian)</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Holy_Eucharist:_Rite_Two" title="The Holy Eucharist: Rite Two">The Holy Eucharist: Rite Two</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Services" title="Sunday Services">Sunday Services</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C8A2C8;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Thomas Cranmer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Martin_Bucer" title="Martin Bucer">Martin Bucer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_Merbecke" title="John Merbecke">John Merbecke</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/William_Laud" title="William Laud">William Laud</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Wren" title="Matthew Wren">Matthew Wren</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Geddes" title="Jenny Geddes">Jenny Geddes</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_Cosin" title="John Cosin">John Cosin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Clarke" title="Samuel Clarke">Samuel Clarke</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(Episcopal_priest)" title="William Smith (Episcopal priest)">William Smith</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/William_White_(bishop_of_Pennsylvania)" title="William White (bishop of Pennsylvania)">William White</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Seabury" title="Samuel Seabury">Samuel Seabury</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Walter_Frere" title="Walter Frere">Walter Frere</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#C8A2C8;;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Act of Uniformity (disambiguation)">Acts of Uniformity</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_1548" title="Act of Uniformity 1548">1548</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_1552" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Uniformity 1552">1552</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_1558" title="Act of Uniformity 1558">1558</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_1662" title="Act of Uniformity 1662">1662</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Penal_law_(British)#Clarendon_Code" title="Penal law (British)">Clarendon Code</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_(Explanation)_Act_1663" title="Act of Uniformity (Explanation) Act 1663">1663 Explanation Act</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_Amendment_Act_1872" title="Act of Uniformity Amendment Act 1872">1872</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Public_Worship_Regulation_Act_1874" title="Public Worship Regulation Act 1874">1874 Regulation Act</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Church_of_England_(Worship_and_Doctrine)_Measure_1974" title="Church of England (Worship and Doctrine) Measure 1974">Worship and Doctrine Measure 1974</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Revising groups</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hampton_Court_Conference" title="Hampton Court Conference">Hampton Court Conference</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Divines" title="Caroline Divines">Caroline Divines</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Assembly" title="Westminster Assembly">Westminster Assembly</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Savoy_Conference" title="Savoy Conference">Savoy Conference</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/General_Synod_of_the_Church_of_England" title="General Synod of the Church of England">General Synod of the Church of England</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Events</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Prayer_Book_Rebellion" title="Prayer Book Rebellion">Prayer Book Rebellion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vestarian_controversy" class="mw-redirect" 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