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src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-bg.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Търсене</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input 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id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Път_към_властта" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Път_към_властта"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Път към властта</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Път_към_властта-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Омаядски_халифат" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Омаядски_халифат"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Омаядски халифат</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Омаядски_халифат-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Родословно_дърво" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Родословно_дърво"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Родословно дърво</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Родословно_дърво-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Омаядите_в_Андалус" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Омаядите_в_Андалус"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Омаядите в Андалус</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Омаядите_в_Андалус-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел Омаядите в Андалус</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Омаядите_в_Андалус-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Кордовски_емират" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Кордовски_емират"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Кордовски емират</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Кордовски_емират-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Кордовски_халифат" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Кордовски_халифат"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Кордовски халифат</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Кордовски_халифат-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Източници" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Източници"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Източници</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Източници-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Бележки" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Бележки"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Бележки</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Бележки-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Умаяди</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 64 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bani_Umayyah" title="Bani Umayyah – ачешки" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bani Umayyah" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ачешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyaden" title="Umayyaden – швейцарски немски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Umayyaden" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарски немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omeya" title="Omeya – арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Omeya" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بنو أمية – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بنو أمية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86" title="الامويين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الامويين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Omeya" title="Dinastía Omeya – астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dinastía Omeya" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fm%C9%99vil%C9%99r" title="Əməvilər – азербайджански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əməvilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Амеяды – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Амеяды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="বনু উমাইয়া – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বনু উমাইয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omeiaded" title="Omeiaded – бретонски" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Omeiaded" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emevije" title="Emevije – босненски" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Emevije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босненски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omeies" title="Omeies – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Omeies" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastiyang_Omeya" title="Dinastiyang Omeya – себуански" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Dinastiyang Omeya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umajjovci" title="Umajjovci – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Umajjovci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyader" title="Umayyader – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Umayyader" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyaden" title="Umayyaden – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Umayyaden" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_dynasty" title="Umayyad dynasty – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Umayyad dynasty" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umajadoj" title="Umajadoj – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Umajadoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_omeya" title="Dinastía omeya – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dinastía omeya" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omeiatarren_dinastia" title="Omeiatarren dinastia – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Omeiatarren dinastia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="امویان – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امویان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omeyyades" title="Omeyyades – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Omeyyades" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omajaden" title="Omajaden – западнофризийски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Omajaden" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Omeia" title="Dinastía Omeia – галисийски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dinastía Omeia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A6" title="उमय्यद – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उमय्यद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omejidi" title="Omejidi – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Omejidi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omajj%C3%A1dok" title="Omajjádok – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Omajjádok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Օմայաններ – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օմայաններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Umayyah" title="Dinasti Umayyah – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinasti Umayyah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omayyadi" title="Omayyadi – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Omayyadi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bani_Umayah" title="Bani Umayah – явански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bani Umayah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="явански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ომაიანები – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ომაიანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%B9%D1%8F_%D3%99%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%96" title="Умәйя әулеті – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Умәйя әулеті" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%95%BC_%EC%99%95%EC%A1%B0" title="우마이야 왕조 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우마이야 왕조" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanedana_Emewiyan" title="Xanedana Emewiyan – кюрдски" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xanedana Emewiyan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="кюрдски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Омейяддар династиясы – киргизки" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Омейяддар династиясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94meiada" title="Ômeiada – малгашки" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ômeiada" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малгашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Омејади – македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Омејади" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omajjaden" title="Omajjaden – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Omajjaden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umajjadene" title="Umajjadene – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Umajjadene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umajjadzi" title="Umajjadzi – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Umajjadzi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8D" title="اموي کورنۍ – пущу" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اموي کورنۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пущу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Омейяды – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Омейяды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omayyadi" title="Omayyadi – сицилиански" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Omayyadi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%87" title="بنو اميه – синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بنو اميه" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_dynasty" title="Umayyad dynasty – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Umayyad dynasty" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umajjovci" title="Umajjovci – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Umajjovci" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omajadi" title="Omajadi – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Omajadi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emevit%C3%ABt" title="Emevitët – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Emevitët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Омејади – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Омејади" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bani_Umayyah" title="Bani Umayyah – сундански" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bani Umayyah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyaderna" title="Umayyaderna – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Umayyaderna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wamuawiya" title="Wamuawiya – суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wamuawiya" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%8C" title="ราชวงศ์อุมัยยะฮ์ – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราชวงศ์อุมัยยะฮ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emev%C3%AE_halifeler_listesi" title="Emevî halifeler listesi – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Emevî halifeler listesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%DB%95%DB%8B%D9%89%D9%8A%D9%84%DB%95%D8%B1" title="ئەمەۋىيلەر – уйгурски" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئەمەۋىيلەر" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Омеяди – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Омеяди" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%DB%81" title="بنو امیہ – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بنو امیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umaviylar" title="Umaviylar – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Umaviylar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_Omeyyad" title="Nhà Omeyyad – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhà Omeyyad" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastiya_Umayyad" title="Dinastiya Umayyad – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dinastiya Umayyad" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ომაიანეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ომაიანეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%91%AA%E4%BA%9E%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="奧瑪亞王朝 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奧瑪亞王朝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E9%A6%AC%E4%BA%9E%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="倭馬亞王朝 – кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="倭馬亞王朝" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q45646#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=history" title="Предишни версии на страницата [h]" accesskey="h"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменти</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Допълнителни опции" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=history"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Основни </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Списък на всички страници, сочещи насам [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Какво сочи насам</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8" rel="nofollow" title="Последните промени на страници, сочени от тази страница [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Свързани промени</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Uploadtext" title="Качи файлове [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Качване на файл</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Списък на всички специални страници [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Специални страници</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&oldid=11655875" title="Постоянна препратка към тази версия на страницата"><span>Постоянна препратка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=info" title="Повече за тази страница"><span>Информация за страницата</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&page=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&id=11655875&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информация за начините за цитиране на тази страница"><span>Цитиране на статията</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8"><span>Кратък URL адрес</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8"><span>Изтегляне на QR код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Отпечатване/изнасяне </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8"><span>Създаване на книга</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=show-download-screen"><span>Изтегляне като PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&printable=yes" title="Версия за печат на страницата [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Версия за печат</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Umayyad_dynasty" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q45646" title="Препратка към свързания обект от хранилището за данни [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Обект в Уикиданни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Облик</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриване</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><p><b>Омая̀дите</b> <i>(<b>Умаяди</b>, <b>Омеяди</b> или <b>Умеяди</b>, Бану Умая̀</i> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арабски език">арабски</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl" style="font-style:normal">الخلافة الأموية</span>, <i>Aл-хилефат ал-умауия</i>) са арабска <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Династия">династия</a>, управлявала <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Омаядски халифат">Омаядския халифат</a> от <a href="/wiki/661" title="661">661</a> до <a href="/wiki/750" title="750">750</a> г. Династията е първата, управлявала след <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Праведен халифат">Четиримата праведни халифи</a><sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Омаядите са <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Сунити">сунити</a>, произхождащи от <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Араби">арабското племе</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Курейши">курейши</a> от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мека">Мека</a>. При тяхното управление <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Арабски халифат">Арабският халифат</a> достига най-голямото териториално разширение в историята си през периода <a href="/wiki/720" title="720">720</a> – <a href="/wiki/750" title="750">750</a> г. След бунт държавата е завзета от <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Абасиди">Абасидите</a> (750 – 1258), а <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Абд ал-Рахман I">оцелелите Омаяди</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Арабско-ислямско завоюване на Иберийския полуостров">се отправят на запад</a>, където основават <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Кордобски емират">Кордобския емират</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Път_към_властта"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.8A.D1.82_.D0.BA.D1.8A.D0.BC_.D0.B2.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.82.D1.82.D0.B0"></span>Път към властта</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: Път към властта" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Път към властта"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>С възкачването на курейша <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84_%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Халиф Усман">Усман ибн Афан</a> като трети <i>Предводител на правоверните</i>, родствените му Омаяди получават достъп до важни постове, което среща недоволството на <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Бану Хашим">хашемитите</a>. През <a href="/wiki/639" title="639">639</a> г. Омаядският първенец и защитник на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мека">Мека</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_I_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83_%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Муавия I ибн Абу Суфиян">Муавия ибн Суфян</a> става управител на бившата <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Римска провинция">римска провинция</a> Палестина, а след смъртта на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83_%D0%A3%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абу Убайда (страницата не съществува)">Абу Убайда</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Сирия (римска провинция)">и на Сирия</a>. През този период халифатът <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Арабско завоюване на Персия">вече е покорил</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сасанидска империя">Сасанидското царство</a> и обект на арабската експанзия става <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Византия">Византийската империя</a>. Енергичният Муавия показва особено усърдие в тази насока и изгражда опитна армия по <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Римска империя">римски образец</a> от <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Сирийска православна църква">сирийски християни</a>. През 655 г. управителят на Сирия взема дейно участие в подготовката и победата на арабския флот в <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Битка на Мачтите (страницата не съществува)">Битката на Мачтите</a>, която отваря <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Средиземноморие">Средиземноморието</a> за <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Ислям">исляма</a>. </p><p>На <a href="/wiki/20_%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="20 юни">20 юни</a> <a href="/wiki/656" title="656">656</a> халиф Усман е убит и за негов наследник е обявен <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Али ибн Аби Талиб">имам Али</a>. Изборът е оспорен от Муавия и избухва първата мюсюлманска гражданска война между <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Шиити">шиити</a> и сунити, т.нар. <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Фитна">Фитна</a></i>. Въпреки успехите на Али на бойното поле Омаядът ловко подвежда чрез съдебен арбитраж четвъртия халиф да отстъпи от военно решение, с което основоположникът на шиизма губи подкрепата на много от емирите си. Изоставилите Али са наречени <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Хариджити">хариджити</a> и на <a href="/wiki/26_%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="26 януари">26 януари</a> <a href="/wiki/661" title="661">661</a> един от тях – Абд ал-Рахман – убива имам Али в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Наджаф">Куфа</a>. Това окончателно отваря пътя на Муавия към властта и той установява столицата на Омаядската <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Теокрация">теокрация</a> в сирийското си седалище <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск">Дамаск</a>. Така е поставено началото на управлението на халифата от Омаядите. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Омаядски_халифат"><span id=".D0.9E.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.8F.D0.B4.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D1.85.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.84.D0.B0.D1.82"></span>Омаядски халифат</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: Омаядски халифат" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Омаядски халифат"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Омаядски халифат">Омаядски халифат</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Едно от най-важните събития по време на управлението на Муавия I е записването на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Коран">Корана</a> във вида, познат и днес. Дотогава светото писание на мюсюлманите се предава предимно устно. Писари, които са записвали думите на Мохамед, са били рядкост и са използвали най-различни видове носители – палмови листа, кости, пергаменти, папируси. Докато е бил жив халиф Омар е събирал тези записки, а след смъртта му те биват съхранявани от дъщеря му Хафса. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>notes 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> През управлението на халиф Усман между арабски и неарабски мюсюлмани има напрежение, тъй като двата народа се обвиняват един друг в неверие. Проблемът е в големите различия във версиите на Корана, който те притежават. Като допълнение към това след смъртта на Хафса записките, съхранявани при нея са иззети и унищожени. Последвалото недоволство е отбелязано с бунт в края на 655 г., по време на поклонническия сезон в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мека">Мека</a>. Ултиматум изисква свалянето на управителя на Сирия Муавия. Привидно той се съгласява и пише писмо, с което се отказва от властта си. Когато делегатите си тръгват пише друго писмо, в което заповядва бунтовниците да бъдат избити. Като халиф унифицирането на Корана е първа задача за Муавия. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Родословно_дърво"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BD.D0.BE_.D0.B4.D1.8A.D1.80.D0.B2.D0.BE"></span>Родословно дърво</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Родословно дърво" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Родословно дърво"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Родоначалник на рода е Абу Суфиян, произхождащ от търговски род от Мека, който приема исляма сравнително късно, през 627 г. </p><p>Има два основни клона на рода: Суфиянидите (управлявали 661 – 684), и Маруанидите (управлявали 684 – 750), потомци на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Марван I">Маруан I ибн ал-Хакам</a><sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Umayads.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Umayads.gif" decoding="async" width="855" height="1038" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="855" data-file-height="1038" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>Легенда</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10917926">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px #555 solid;background-color:#99CCFF; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Осман ибн Афан">Усман ибн Афан</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Праведен халифат">Праведен халиф</a>, (644 – 656)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10917926"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px #555 solid;background-color:#99CC00; color:black;"> </span> Омаядски <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Омаядски халифат">халифи в Дамаск</a> (661 – 750)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10917926"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px #555 solid;background-color:#FFCC00; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Кордобски емират">Кордобски емират</a> емири в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Кордоба">Кордоба</a> (756 – 929)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10917926"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px #555 solid;background-color:#FF6600; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Кордовски халифат">Кордовски халифат</a> халифи в Кордоба (929 – 1031)</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Омаядите_в_Андалус"><span id=".D0.9E.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.8F.D0.B4.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5_.D0.B2_.D0.90.D0.BD.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.83.D1.81"></span>Омаядите в Андалус</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Редактиране на раздел: Омаядите в Андалус" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Омаядите в Андалус"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основни статии: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Кордовски емират">Кордовски емират</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Кордовски халифат">Кордовски халифат</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Последните оцелели Омаяди, начело с <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Абд ал-Рахман I">Абд ал-Рахман I</a>, достигат до <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Ал-Андалус">Ал-Андалус</a>, където основават Кордовския емират и оттам заявяват претенциите си за полагащата им се по наследство халифска титла. Управлението на тяхната династия (756 – 1031) е съпроводено с разцвета на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Арабска култура">арабската култура</a>. То може да се раздели на два периода: независим Кордовски емират (756 – 929) и Кордовски халифат (929 – 1031), а най-забележителни са трима владетели с подобни имена: Абд ал-Рахман I (756 – 788), Абд ал-Рахман II (822 – 852), Абд ал-Рахман III (912 – 961) и на могъщия първи министър (хаджиб, ḥājib) Абу Амир ал-Мансур (Almanzor) (976 – 1002). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Кордовски_емират"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82"></span>Кордовски емират</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Редактиране на раздел: Кордовски емират" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Кордовски емират"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Абд ал-Рахман I организира своята държава, като бързо потушава всяко недоволство и се опира на доверените му източни благородници, обсипвайки ги с богатства и имоти. Той поддържа ислямските институции и провежда поредица наказателни кампании срещу християните в Астурия. На север той е застрашен от франките на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Карл Велики">Карл Велики</a>, който обсажда Сарагоса и застрашава долината на Ебро. След като вдига обсадата, той отстъпва, при което <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Баски">баските</a> разбиват ариегарда му в Ронсевал (Ронсево) (778 г.), като събитието е отразено в средновековния епос <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Песен за Роланд">Песен за Роланд</a>. Франкското надмощие приключва с превземането на <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Жирона">Жирона</a> през 785 г. и на <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Барселона">Барселона</a> в 801 г., но мюсюлманската власт е краткотрайна и с формирането на <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Испанска марка">Испанската марка</a> през 811 г. те се връщат отново при християните. </p><p>Неговите наследници, Хишам I (788 – 796) и ал-Хакам I (796 – 822), управляват сред вълни от недоволство сред арабските благородници. Бунт, избухнал в Толедо, бива свирепо потушен, а вътрешните вълнения принуждават емира да увеличи броя на наемните войски и да обложи населението с нови данъци, за да издържа военните. </p><p>При Абд ал-Рахман II настъпва период на политическо, административно и културно обновление на мюсюлманска Иберия. Най-сериозните проблеми идват от непокорните васали в долината на Ебро и по-специално от рода Бану Каси (Banū Qāsī – син на Касий) и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Мозараби">мозарабите</a>. Емирът се опитва да усмири непокорните, но безуспешно. Мозарабите започват публично да хулят пророка Мохамед и да търсят <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8A%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Мъченик">мъченическа</a> смърт, след като от 850 г. нататък това се наказва със смърт. Този стремеж към мъченичество се свързва с нарастващата арабизация. </p><p>Във външната си политика Абд ал-Рахман II провежда активна дипломатическа дейност, като разменя посланици с Византийската империя и франкския крал <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_II_%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Карл II Плешиви">Карл II Плешиви</a>. Посреща решително <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Нормани">норманските</a> нашественици и ги побеждава при Севиля. Построява постоянни укрепления срещу нападателите по море, една морска база в Севиля и втора в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Печина">Печина</a> близо до Алмерия. </p><p>Неговите потомци Мохамед I (852 – 886), ал-Мундир (886 – 888) и Абд Аллах (888 – 912) имат големи проблеми с <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Мувалади">муваладите</a>. Осъзнали голямата си сила, те вдигат въстание в северната част на полуострова, предвождани от клана Бану Каси, и на юг под водачеството на Умар ибн Хавсун. Войната с тях е продължителна: Ибн Хавсун упорито отстоява свободата на своите привърженици мувалади и християните мозараби с оръжие в ръка цели 19 години до кончината си на преклонните за това време 67 години. Абд Аллах не успява да се пребори с размирниците и оставя отслабена държава на внука си Абд ал-Рахман III, който успява да възстанови реда. Той подчинява цял Андалус, от Хаен (Jayyān) до Сарагоса (Saraqusṭah), и от Мерида (Māridah) до Севиля (Ishbīliyah). Когато Ибн Хавсун умира през 917 г., неговите синове са принудени да капитулират и през 928 г. Абд ал-Рахман III завладява дотогава непревземаемата им крепост Бобастро<sup id="cite_ref-EB1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Кордовски_халифат"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D1.85.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.84.D0.B0.D1.82"></span>Кордовски халифат</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Редактиране на раздел: Кордовски халифат" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Кордовски халифат"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Кордовски халифат">Кордовски халифат</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Кордовският халифат съществува от 16 януари 929 г., когато <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абд ал-Рахман III (страницата не съществува)">Абд ал-Рахман III</a> се самопровъзгласява за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Халиф">халиф</a>, до 1031, когато слабият владетел Хишам III е свален от своите везири и халифатът се разпада на независими княжества – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%84%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Тайфа">тайфи</a>. През тези стотина години царуват 12 халифа, като всички освен първите двама са слаби владетели и почти всички умират от насилствена смърт<sup id="cite_ref-EB2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Източници"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Източници</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Редактиране на раздел: Източници" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Източници"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREF21_юни_2019" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Umayyad-dynasty-Islamic-history">Umayyad dynasty</a> //  <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Енциклопедия Британика">Енциклопедия Британика</a>.  21 юни 2019. Посетен на 26 юли 2019.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EB1_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Spain/Muslim-Spain">Spain – The caliphate of Córdoba</a> //  Encyclopedia Britannica.  Посетен на 9 август 2019.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EB2_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Michael Ray. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Caliphate-of-Cordoba">Caliphate of Cordoba | Facts, History, & Rulers</a> //  Encyclopedia Britannica.  Посетен на 12 януари 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li>Morby, John E. „Das Handbuch der Dynastien“, Albatros Dusseldorf 2002, ISBN – 3-491-96051-7</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Бележки"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.B6.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Бележки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Редактиране на раздел: Бележки" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Бележки"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Като цяло устното разпространение е създавало доста промени. Понякога случайно, друг път умишлено думите са били променяни. Създавали са се различни версии на Корана. Знаем, макар и да не се е запазила, че Али ибн Абу Талиб е имал своя версия на Корана имаща няколко допълнителни стиха представящи го като истинския наследник на Мохамед.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="noprint plainlinks" style="clear: right; border: solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color: inherit; width: 250px; padding: 2px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; padding-left: 5px; padding-top:5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Общомедия"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption>Общомедия</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left:40px;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a> разполага с мултимедийно съдържание за <div class="interProject"><i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Umayyads?uselang=bg">Умаяди</a></b></i>.</div> </div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Взето от „<a dir="ltr" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Умаяди&oldid=11655875">https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Умаяди&oldid=11655875</a>“.</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Специални:Категории">Категории</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Категория:Умаяди">Умаяди</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Категория:Халифи">Халифи</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Категория:Мека">Мека</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Категория:Дамаск">Дамаск</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Категория:Кордоба (Испания)">Кордоба (Испания)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Последната промяна на страницата е извършена на 19 януари 2023 г. в 19:17 ч.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текстът е достъпен под лиценза <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.bg">Creative Commons Признание-Споделяне на споделеното</a>; може да са приложени допълнителни условия. 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