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Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85" title="بوابة:نجوم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوابة:نجوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portail:%C3%89toiles" title="Portail:Étoiles – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Portail:Étoiles" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Bintang" title="Portal:Bintang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Portal:Bintang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portale:Stelle" title="Portale:Stelle – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Portale:Stelle" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Estrelas" title="Portal:Estrelas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Portal:Estrelas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Stea" title="Portal:Stea – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Portal:Stea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Проект:Астрономические объекты/Звёзды – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Проект:Астрономические объекты/Звёзды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8:%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="باب:ستارا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="باب:ستارا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Hviezda" title="Portál:Hviezda – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Portál:Hviezda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="portal-maintenance-status" style="display:none;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid 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ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Darkgreen_flag_waving.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Darkgreen_flag_waving.svg/30px-Darkgreen_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Darkgreen_flag_waving.svg/45px-Darkgreen_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Darkgreen_flag_waving.svg/60px-Darkgreen_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><span style="font-size:108%;"><b>Portal maintenance status:</b></span> <small>(June 2018)</small> <ul><li>This portal's <a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Portal:Stars/" title="Special:PrefixIndex/Portal:Stars/">subpages</a> <b>have been checked</b> by an editor, and are needed.</li></ul> <span style="font-size:90%;">Please <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CAREFUL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CAREFUL">take care</a> when editing, especially if using <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ASSISTED" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ASSISTED">automated editing software</a>. Learn how to <a href="/wiki/Template:Portal_maintenance_status#How_to_update_the_maintenance_information_for_a_portal" title="Template:Portal maintenance status">update the maintenance information here</a>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r888483065">.mw-parser-output .portal-column-left{float:left;width:50%}.mw-parser-output .portal-column-right{float:right;width:49%}.mw-parser-output .portal-column-left-wide{float:left;width:60%}.mw-parser-output .portal-column-right-narrow{float:right;width:39%}.mw-parser-output .portal-column-left-extra-wide{float:left;width:70%}.mw-parser-output .portal-column-right-extra-narrow{float:right;width:29%}@media only screen and (max-width:800px){.mw-parser-output .portal-column-left,.mw-parser-output .portal-column-right,.mw-parser-output .portal-column-left-wide,.mw-parser-output .portal-column-right-narrow,.mw-parser-output .portal-column-left-extra-wide,.mw-parser-output .portal-column-right-extra-narrow{float:inherit;width:inherit}}</style><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia portal for content related to Stars</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="P:ST"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ST&redirect=no">P:ST</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <div style="font-size: 200%; text-align: center; padding: 0.1em; font-variant: small-caps; color:#513"><span style="font-size:70%;">The</span> Stars <span style="font-size:70%;">Portal</span></div> <div style="font-size:85%;"><span class="anchor" id="portals-browsebar"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist noprint" style="text-align: center"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal topics</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Human_activities" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Activities</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Culture_and_the_arts" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Geography_and_places" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Geography</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Health_and_fitness" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Health</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#History_and_events" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">History</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Mathematics_and_logic" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Mathematics</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Natural_and_physical_sciences" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Nature</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#People_and_self" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">People</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Philosophy_and_thinking" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Philosophy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Religion_and_belief_systems" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Religion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Society_and_social_sciences" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Society</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Technology_and_applied_sciences" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Technology</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Special:RandomInCategory/All_portals" title="Special:RandomInCategory/All portals">Random portal</a></dd></dl> </div></div> <table width="100%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="6" style="background:#FEEDEF; text-align: justify; border-style:ridge; border-width:4px; border-color:black"> <tbody><tr> <td width="55%" style="vertical-align:top;padding: 0; margin:0;"> <div style="clear:both; width:100%"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"></div><h2 id="Introduction" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em"><big>Introduction</big></h2></div><div style="color:#000;opacity:1;border:2px solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fefeef;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:4px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <div class="thumb tright" style="overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:308px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="width:auto;overflow:auto;"><div style="white-space:normal"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg/220px-The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg/330px-The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg/440px-The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3379" data-file-height="3379" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="center">Image of the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>, a <a href="/wiki/G-type_main-sequence_star" title="G-type main-sequence star">G-type main-sequence star</a>, the closest to Earth</div></div></div></div> <p>A <b><a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">star</a></b> is a luminous <a href="/wiki/Spheroid" title="Spheroid">spheroid</a> of <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(physics)" title="Plasma (physics)">plasma</a> held together by <a href="/wiki/Self-gravitation" title="Self-gravitation">self-gravity</a>. The <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars_and_brown_dwarfs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs">nearest star</a> to Earth is the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>. Many other stars are visible to the naked eye at <a href="/wiki/Night_sky" title="Night sky">night</a>; their immense distances from Earth make them appear as <a href="/wiki/Fixed_stars" title="Fixed stars">fixed</a> points of light. The most prominent stars have been categorised into <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellations</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asterism_(astronomy)" title="Asterism (astronomy)">asterisms</a>, and many of the brightest stars have <a href="/wiki/Proper_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Proper name">proper names</a>. <a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">Astronomers</a> have assembled <a href="/wiki/Star_catalogue" title="Star catalogue">star catalogues</a> that identify the known stars and provide standardized <a href="/wiki/Stellar_designation" class="mw-redirect" title="Stellar designation">stellar designations</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Observable_universe" title="Observable universe">observable universe</a> contains an estimated <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7022100000000000000♠"></span>10<sup>22</sup></span> to <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7024100000000000000♠"></span>10<sup>24</sup></span> stars. Only about 4,000 of these stars are visible to the naked eye—all within the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> <a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">galaxy</a>. </p><p>A star's life <a href="/wiki/Star_formation" title="Star formation">begins</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Gravitational_collapse" title="Gravitational collapse">gravitational collapse</a> of a gaseous <a href="/wiki/Nebula" title="Nebula">nebula</a> of material largely comprising <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a>, helium, and trace heavier elements. Its <a href="/wiki/Stellar_mass" title="Stellar mass">total mass</a> mainly determines its <a href="/wiki/Stellar_evolution" title="Stellar evolution">evolution</a> and eventual fate. A star shines for <a href="/wiki/Main_sequence" title="Main sequence">most of its active life</a> due to the <a href="/wiki/Thermonuclear_fusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermonuclear fusion">thermonuclear fusion</a> of hydrogen into <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a> in its core. This process releases energy that traverses the star's interior and <a href="/wiki/Radiation" title="Radiation">radiates</a> into <a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">outer space</a>. At the end of a star's lifetime as a <a href="/wiki/Fusor_(astronomy)" title="Fusor (astronomy)">fusor</a>, its core becomes a <a href="/wiki/Stellar_remnant" class="mw-redirect" title="Stellar remnant">stellar remnant</a>: a <a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">white dwarf</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Neutron_star" title="Neutron star">neutron star</a>, or—if it is sufficiently massive—a <a href="/wiki/Black_hole" title="Black hole">black hole</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Stellar_nucleosynthesis" title="Stellar nucleosynthesis">Stellar nucleosynthesis</a> in stars or their remnants creates almost all naturally occurring <a href="/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element">chemical elements</a> heavier than <a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">lithium</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stellar_mass_loss" title="Stellar mass loss">Stellar mass loss</a> or <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernova</a> explosions return chemically enriched material to the <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_medium" title="Interstellar medium">interstellar medium</a>. These elements are then recycled into new stars. Astronomers can determine stellar properties—including mass, age, <a href="/wiki/Metallicity" title="Metallicity">metallicity</a> (chemical composition), <a href="/wiki/Variable_star" title="Variable star">variability</a>, <a href="/wiki/Distance_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Distance (astronomy)">distance</a>, and motion through <a href="/wiki/Space" title="Space">space</a>—by carrying out observations of a star's <a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">apparent brightness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_spectroscopy" title="Astronomical spectroscopy">spectrum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Astrometry" title="Astrometry">changes in its position in the sky</a> over time. </p><p>Stars can form orbital systems with other astronomical objects, as in <a href="/wiki/Planetary_system" title="Planetary system">planetary systems</a> and <a href="/wiki/Star_system" title="Star system">star systems</a> with <a href="/wiki/Binary_star" title="Binary star">two</a> or <a href="/wiki/Star_system#Multiple_star_systems" title="Star system">more</a> stars. When two such stars orbit closely, their gravitational interaction can significantly impact their evolution. Stars can form part of a much larger gravitationally bound structure, such as a <a href="/wiki/Star_cluster" title="Star cluster">star cluster</a> or a galaxy. (<b><a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">Full article...</a></b>) </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div style="text-align:center; margin:0.25em auto 0.75em"><span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Stars&action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><small><i><b>Show new selections (purge)</b></i></small></span></a></span></div> <div class="portal-column-left"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AStars%2FSelected_stars%2F6&action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Selected_star_-_show_another" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Selected star - <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Stars&action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><small><i>show another</i></small></span></a></span></h2></div><div style="color:#000;opacity:1;border:2px solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fefeef;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:4px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sun_and_VY_Canis_Majoris.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Comparison of VY Canis Major and Sun"><img alt="Comparison of VY Canis Major and Sun" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Sun_and_VY_Canis_Majoris.svg/280px-Sun_and_VY_Canis_Majoris.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Sun_and_VY_Canis_Majoris.svg/420px-Sun_and_VY_Canis_Majoris.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Sun_and_VY_Canis_Majoris.svg/560px-Sun_and_VY_Canis_Majoris.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1254" data-file-height="783" /></a><figcaption>Comparison of VY Canis Major and Sun</figcaption></figure> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><small>Photo credit: <a href="/wiki/User:Mysid" title="User:Mysid">User:Mysid</a></small></div> <p><b>VY Canis Majoris</b> (<b>VY CMa</b>) is a red <a href="/wiki/Hypergiant" title="Hypergiant">hypergiant</a> star located in the <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> <a href="/wiki/Canis_Major" title="Canis Major">Canis Major</a>. One of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_known_stars" class="mw-redirect" title="List of largest known stars">largest stars</a> and also <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_luminous_stars" title="List of most luminous stars">one of the most luminous</a> of its <a href="/wiki/Red_hypergiant" class="mw-redirect" title="Red hypergiant">type</a>, it has a radius of approximately 1,420 ± 120 <a href="/wiki/Solar_radii" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar radii">solar radii</a> (equal to a diameter of 13.2 <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">astronomical units</a>, or about 1,976,640,000 km), and is situated about 1.2 <a href="/wiki/Parsec#Parsecs_and_kiloparsecs" title="Parsec">kiloparsecs</a> (3,900 light-years) from Earth. VY CMa is a single star categorized as a <a href="/wiki/Semiregular_variable" class="mw-redirect" title="Semiregular variable">semiregular variable</a> and has an estimated period of 2,000 days. It has an average density of 5 to 10 mg/m<sup>3</sup>. If placed at the center of the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>, VY Canis Majoris's surface would extend beyond the orbit of <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, although there is still considerable variation in estimates of the radius, with some making it larger than the orbit of <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a>. </p><p>The first known record of VY Canis Majoris is in the star catalogue of <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Lalande" title="Jérôme Lalande">Jérôme Lalande</a>, on March 7, 1801. The catalogue listed VY CMa as a <a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">7th magnitude</a> star. Further studies on its <a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">apparent magnitude</a> during the 19th century showed that the star has been fading since 1850. </p><p>Since 1847, VY CMa has been known to be a red star. During the 19th century, observers measured at least six discrete components to VY CMa, suggesting the possibility that it is a <a href="/wiki/Star_system" title="Star system">multiple star</a>. These discrete components are now known to be bright areas in the surrounding <a href="/wiki/Nebula" title="Nebula">nebula</a>. Visual observations in 1957 and <a href="/wiki/High_resolution" class="mw-redirect" title="High resolution">high-resolution imaging</a> in 1998 showed that VY CMa does not have a companion star. </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/VY_Canis_Majoris" title="VY Canis Majoris">Read more...</a></b></div> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars/Selected_stars" title="Portal:Stars/Selected stars">More stars...</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AStars%2FSelected_article%2F4&action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Selected_article_-_show_another" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Selected article - <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Stars&action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><small><i>show another</i></small></span></a></span></h2></div><div style="color:#000;opacity:1;border:2px solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fefeef;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:4px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HubbleDeepField.800px.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hubble Deep Field"><img alt="Hubble Deep Field" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/HubbleDeepField.800px.jpg/270px-HubbleDeepField.800px.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/HubbleDeepField.800px.jpg/405px-HubbleDeepField.800px.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/HubbleDeepField.800px.jpg/540px-HubbleDeepField.800px.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3069" data-file-height="3006" /></a><figcaption>Hubble Deep Field</figcaption></figure> <div class="center"><small>Photo credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/1996/01">Hubble Deep Field Team/NASA</a></small></div> <p>The <b><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Deep_Field" title="Hubble Deep Field">Hubble Deep Field</a></b> (HDF) is an image of a small region in the <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> <a href="/wiki/Ursa_Major" title="Ursa Major">Ursa Major</a>, constructed from a series of observations by the <a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a>. It covers an area 2.5 <a href="/wiki/Arcminute" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcminute">arcminutes</a> across, two parts in a million of the whole sky, which is equivalent in angular size to a 65 mm tennis ball at a distance of 100 metres. The image was assembled from 342 separate exposures taken with the Space Telescope's <a href="/wiki/Wide_Field_and_Planetary_Camera_2" title="Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2">Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2</a> over ten consecutive days between December 18 and December 28, 1995. </p><p>The field is so small that only a few foreground <a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">stars</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> lie within it; thus, almost all of the 3,000 objects in the image are <a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">galaxies</a>, some of which are among the youngest and most distant known. By revealing such large numbers of very young galaxies, the HDF has become a landmark image in the <a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology" title="Physical cosmology">study of the early universe</a>, with the associated scientific paper having received over 800 citations by the end of 2008. </p><p>Three years after the HDF observations were taken, a region in the south celestial hemisphere was imaged in a similar way and named the <a href="/wiki/Hubble_Deep_Field_South" title="Hubble Deep Field South">Hubble Deep Field South</a>. The similarities between the two regions strengthened the belief that the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">universe</a> is uniform over large scales and that the <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a> occupies a typical region in the universe (the <a href="/wiki/Cosmological_principle" title="Cosmological principle">cosmological principle</a>). A wider but shallower survey was also made as part of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Observatories_Origins_Deep_Survey" title="Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey">Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey</a>. In 2004 a deeper image, known as the <a href="/wiki/Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubble Ultra Deep Field">Hubble Ultra Deep Field</a> (HUDF), was constructed from a total of eleven days of observations. The HUDF image is the deepest (most sensitive) <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomical</a> image ever made at visible wavelengths. </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Deep_Field" title="Hubble Deep Field">Read more...</a></b></div> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars/Selected_article" title="Portal:Stars/Selected article">More articles...</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> </div> <div class="portal-column-right"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AStars%2FSelected_picture%2F14&action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Selected_image_-_show_another" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Selected image - <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Stars&action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><small><i>show another</i></small></span></a></span></h2></div><div style="color:#000;opacity:1;border:2px solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fefeef;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:4px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Messier_4_Hubble_WikiSky.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Messier 4"><img alt="Messier 4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Messier_4_Hubble_WikiSky.jpg/290px-Messier_4_Hubble_WikiSky.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Messier_4_Hubble_WikiSky.jpg/435px-Messier_4_Hubble_WikiSky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Messier_4_Hubble_WikiSky.jpg/580px-Messier_4_Hubble_WikiSky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="4200" /></a><figcaption>Messier 4</figcaption></figure> <div class="center"><small>Photo credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://server1.sky-map.org/snapshot?img_size=&img_res=&ra=16.39320581847465&de=-26.525575162150872&angle=0.058931540525865&projection=tan&rotation=9.23083108203255&survey=astrophoto&img_id=60473&width=4200&height=4200&img_borders=0&interpolation=bicubic2&jpeg_quality=0.95&max_preview_size=800&show_params=1&mouse_action=move">NASA/WikiSky</a></small></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Messier_4" title="Messier 4">Messier 4</a></b> or <b>M4</b> (also designated <b>NGC 6121</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Globular_cluster" title="Globular cluster">globular cluster</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Scorpius" title="Scorpius">Scorpius</a>. It was discovered by <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Loys_de_Ch%C3%A9seaux" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippe Loys de Chéseaux">Philippe Loys de Chéseaux</a> in 1746 and catalogued by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Messier" title="Charles Messier">Charles Messier</a> in 1764. It was the first globular cluster in which individual stars were resolved. </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Messier_4" title="Messier 4">Read more...</a></b></div> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars/Selected_picture" title="Portal:Stars/Selected picture">More pictures...</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" 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stars">nearest star to the Sun</a>, it would take around 80,000 years to arrive?</li> <li>... a <b><a href="/wiki/Neutron_star" title="Neutron star">neutron star</a></b> has such <a href="/wiki/Density" title="Density">density</a> that a pinhead of its matter would weigh more than biggest of supertankers?</li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars/Did_you_know/archive" title="Portal:Stars/Did you know/archive">More did you know...</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Help:Starting_a_new_page" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Starting a new page">Start a new article</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid 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href="/wiki/Category:Black_holes" title="Category:Black holes">Black holes</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Fiction_about_black_holes" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_black_holes" title="Category:Fiction about black holes">Fiction about black holes</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Intermediate-mass_black_holes" title="Category:Intermediate-mass black holes">Intermediate-mass black holes</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi 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aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:White_holes" title="Category:White holes">White holes</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":0,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":false,"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Supernovae" data-ct-loaded="1" aria-expanded="true"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Supernovae" title="Category:Supernovae">Supernovae</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_supernovae" title="Category:Fiction about supernovae">Fiction about supernovae</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Historical_supernovae" title="Category:Historical supernovae">Historical supernovae</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Hypernovae" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Hypernovae" title="Category:Hypernovae">Hypernovae</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Discoverers_of_supernovae" title="Category:Discoverers of supernovae">Discoverers of supernovae</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Supernova_remnants" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Supernova_remnants" title="Category:Supernova remnants">Supernova remnants</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div></div></div> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> </div> <div style="clear:both; width:100%"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AStars%2FSelected_biography%2F4&action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Selected_biography_-_show_another" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Selected biography - <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Stars&action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><small><i>show another</i></small></span></a></span></h2></div><div style="color:#000;opacity:1;border:2px solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fefeef;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:4px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tycho_Brahe.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tycho Brahe"><img alt="Tycho Brahe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Tycho_Brahe.JPG/240px-Tycho_Brahe.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Tycho_Brahe.JPG/360px-Tycho_Brahe.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Tycho_Brahe.JPG/480px-Tycho_Brahe.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1081" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Tycho Brahe</figcaption></figure> <div class="center"><small>Photo credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=83677&rendTypeId=4">Eduard Ender</a></small></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahe</a></b>, born <b>Tyge Ottesen Brahe (de Knudstrup)</b> (14 December 1546 – 24 October 1601), was a Danish <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobleman</a> known for his accurate and comprehensive <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomical and planetary</a> observations. Coming from <a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%A5neland" title="Skåneland">Scania</a>, then part of Denmark, now part of modern-day Sweden, Tycho was well known in his lifetime as an <a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">astronomer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemist</a>. </p><p>His Danish name "Tyge Ottesen Brahe" is pronounced in Modern Standard Danish as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="da-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Danish" title="Help:IPA/Danish">[ˈtsʰyːə<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈʌtəsn̩<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈpʁɑːə]</a></span>. He adopted the <a href="/wiki/Latinization_(literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinization (literature)">Latinized</a> name "Tycho Brahe" (usually <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span></span>/</a></span></span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ˈbrɑːhiː/</span> in English) from <i>Tycho</i> (sometimes written <i>Tÿcho</i>) at around age fifteen, and he is now generally referred to as "Tycho", as was common in Scandinavia in his time, rather than by his surname "Brahe". (The incorrect form of his name, <i>Tycho</i> <i><b>de</b></i> <i>Brahe</i>, appeared only much later. </p><p>Tycho Brahe was granted an estate on the island of <a href="/wiki/Ven,_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Ven, Sweden">Hven</a> and the funding to build the <a href="/wiki/Uraniborg" title="Uraniborg">Uraniborg</a>, an early <a href="/wiki/Research_institute" title="Research institute">research institute</a>, where he built large astronomical instruments and took many careful measurements. After disagreements with the new king in 1597, he was invited by the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> king and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman</a> emperor <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolph II">Rudolph II</a> to Prague, where he became the official imperial astronomer. He built the new observatory at <a href="/wiki/Ben%C3%A1tky_nad_Jizerou" title="Benátky nad Jizerou">Benátky nad Jizerou</a>. Here, from 1600 until his death in 1601, he was assisted by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a>. Kepler later used Tycho's astronomical information to develop his own theories of astronomy. </p><p><br /> As an astronomer, Tycho worked to combine what he saw as the <a href="/wiki/Geometry" title="Geometry">geometrical</a> benefits of the <a href="/wiki/Copernican_system" class="mw-disambig" title="Copernican system">Copernican system</a> with the philosophical benefits of the <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaic system">Ptolemaic system</a> into his own model of the universe, the <a href="/wiki/Tychonic_system" title="Tychonic system">Tychonic system</a>. Tycho is credited with the most accurate astronomical observations of his time, and the data was used by his assistant <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Kepler</a> to derive the <a href="/wiki/Kepler%27s_laws_of_planetary_motion" title="Kepler's laws of planetary motion">laws of planetary motion</a>. No one before Tycho had attempted to make so many planetary observations. </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Read more...</a></b></div> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars/Selected_biography" title="Portal:Stars/Selected biography">More biographies...</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" 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href="/wiki/Portal:Stars/Black_hole" title="Portal:Stars/Black hole">Black hole</a></span><span class="spacer"> </span><span style="background-color:#e0edf6;color:black;font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars/Supernova" title="Portal:Stars/Supernova">Supernova</a></span><span class="spacer"> </span></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_evolution" title="Stellar evolution">Star<br />evolution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_formation" title="Star formation">Formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-main-sequence_star" title="Pre-main-sequence star">Pre-main-sequence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_sequence" title="Main sequence">Main sequence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizontal_branch" title="Horizontal branch">Horizontal branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asymptotic_giant_branch" title="Asymptotic giant branch">Asymptotic giant branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dredge-up" title="Dredge-up">Dredge-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instability_strip" title="Instability strip">Instability strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_clump" title="Red clump">Red clump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_nebula" title="Planetary nebula">Planetary nebula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_nebula" title="Protoplanetary nebula">Protoplanetary nebula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminous_blue_variable" title="Luminous blue variable">Luminous blue variable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf%E2%80%93Rayet_star" title="Wolf–Rayet star">Wolf–Rayet star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernova_impostor" title="Supernova impostor">Supernova impostor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypernova" title="Hypernova">Hypernova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertzsprung%E2%80%93Russell_diagram" title="Hertzsprung–Russell diagram">Hertzsprung–Russell diagram</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zirkumpolar_ani.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Stars"><img alt="Stars" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Zirkumpolar_ani.gif/200px-Zirkumpolar_ani.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Zirkumpolar_ani.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Stars</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Protostar" title="Protostar">Protostars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_cloud" title="Molecular cloud">Molecular cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bok_globule" title="Bok globule">Bok globule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_stellar_object" title="Young stellar object">Young stellar object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbig%E2%80%93Haro_object" title="Herbig–Haro object">Herbig–Haro object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayashi_track" title="Hayashi track">Hayashi track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayashi_limit" title="Hayashi limit">Hayashi limit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henyey_track" title="Henyey track">Henyey track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_Tauri_star" title="T Tauri star">T Tauri star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbig_Ae/Be_star" title="Herbig Ae/Be star">Herbig Ae/Be star</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">Stellar <br />classification</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdwarf" title="Subdwarf">Subdwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_star" title="Dwarf star">Dwarf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_dwarf_(red-dwarf_stage)" title="Blue dwarf (red-dwarf stage)">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K_V_star" class="mw-redirect" title="K V star">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_dwarf" title="Red dwarf">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G_V_star" class="mw-redirect" title="G V star">Yellow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subgiant" title="Subgiant">Subgiant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_star" title="Giant star">Giant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_giant" title="Blue giant">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_giant" title="Red giant">Red</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_giant" class="mw-redirect" title="Bright giant">Bright giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supergiant_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Supergiant star">Supergiant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_supergiant_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue supergiant star">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_supergiant_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Red supergiant star">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_supergiant_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Yellow supergiant star">Yellow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypergiant" title="Hypergiant">Hypergiant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_hypergiant" title="Yellow hypergiant">Yellow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_straggler" title="Blue straggler">Blue straggler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_star" title="Shell star">Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_star" title="Carbon star">Carbon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CH_star" title="CH star">CH</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barium_star" title="Barium star">Barium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-type_star" title="S-type star">S-type</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemically_peculiar_star" title="Chemically peculiar star">Chemically peculiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technetium_star" title="Technetium star">Technetium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury-manganese_star" title="Mercury-manganese star">Mercury-manganese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_star" title="Variable star">Variable</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irregular_variable" title="Irregular variable">Irregular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiregular_variable_star" title="Semiregular variable star">Semiregular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_variable" title="Orion variable">Orion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Compact_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact star">Star<br />remnants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">White dwarf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_dwarf" title="Black dwarf">Black dwarf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron_star" title="Neutron star">Neutron star</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">Pulsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetar" title="Magnetar">Magnetar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_black_hole" title="Stellar black hole">Stellar black hole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Compact_star#Exotic_stars" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact star">Exotic <br />compact star</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quark_star" title="Quark star">Quark star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preon_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Preon star">Preon star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_star" title="Q star">Q star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzzball_(string_theory)" title="Fuzzball (string theory)">Fuzzball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boson_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Boson star">Boson star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravastar" title="Gravastar">Gravastar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark-energy_star" title="Dark-energy star">Dark-energy star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_star_(semiclassical_gravity)" title="Black star (semiclassical gravity)">Black star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electroweak_star" title="Electroweak star">Electroweak star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eternally_collapsing_object" class="mw-redirect" title="Eternally collapsing object">Eternally collapsing object</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Sub-stellar_objects" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-stellar objects">Failed stars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf" title="Brown dwarf">Brown dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-brown_dwarf" title="Sub-brown dwarf">Sub-brown dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetar_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Planetar (astronomy)">Planetar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_star_(dark_matter)" title="Dark star (dark matter)">Dark-matter dark star</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_structure" title="Stellar structure">Star<br />structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_core" title="Solar core">Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convection_zone" title="Convection zone">Convection zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiation_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiation zone">Radiation zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photosphere" title="Photosphere">Photosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starspot" title="Starspot">Starspot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromosphere" title="Chromosphere">Chromosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_corona" title="Stellar corona">Corona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_wind" title="Stellar wind">Stellar wind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar-wind_bubble" title="Stellar-wind bubble">Stellar-wind bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroseismology" title="Asteroseismology">Asteroseismology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddington_luminosity" title="Eddington luminosity">Eddington luminosity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_nucleosynthesis" title="Stellar nucleosynthesis">Nucleosynthesis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_process" title="Alpha process">Alpha process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple-alpha_process" title="Triple-alpha process">Triple-alpha process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton%E2%80%93proton_chain" title="Proton–proton chain">Proton–proton chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helium_flash" title="Helium flash">Helium flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNO_cycle" title="CNO cycle">CNO cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon-burning_process" title="Carbon-burning process">Carbon-burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neon-burning_process" title="Neon-burning process">Neon-burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxygen-burning_process" title="Oxygen-burning process">Oxygen-burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon-burning_process" title="Silicon-burning process">Silicon-burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-process" title="S-process">S-process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-process" title="R-process">R-process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;">Star<br />properties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_designations_and_names" title="Stellar designations and names">Designation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_dynamics" title="Stellar dynamics">Dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effective_temperature" title="Effective temperature">Effective temperature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_kinematics" title="Stellar kinematics">Kinematics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proper_motion" title="Proper motion">Proper motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_velocity" title="Radial velocity">Radial velocity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_magnetic_field" title="Stellar magnetic field">Magnetic field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnitude_(astronomy)" title="Magnitude (astronomy)">Magnitude</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_magnitude" title="Absolute magnitude">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">Apparent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photographic_magnitude" title="Photographic magnitude">Photographic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_mass" title="Solar mass">Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallicity" title="Metallicity">Metallicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microturbulence" title="Microturbulence">Microturbulence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar-like_oscillations" title="Solar-like oscillations">Oscillations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_system" title="Planetary system">Planetary system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_rotation" title="Stellar rotation">Rotation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_system" title="Star system">Star system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binary_star" title="Binary star">Binary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_binary" title="Contact binary">Contact binary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple star">Multiple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UBV_photometric_system" title="UBV photometric system">UBV color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumpolar_star" title="Circumpolar star">Circumpolar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_stars" title="Lists of stars">Star<br />lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_star_names" title="Lists of star names">Star names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_massive_stars" title="List of most massive stars">Most massive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_brown_dwarfs" title="List of brown dwarfs">Least massive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_stars" title="List of largest stars">Largest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_brightest_stars" title="List of brightest stars">Brightest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_luminous_stars" title="List of most luminous stars">Most luminous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars_and_brown_dwarfs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs">Nearest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_brown_dwarfs" title="List of brown dwarfs">Brown dwarfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_stellar_astronomy" title="Timeline of stellar astronomy">Timeline of stellar astronomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;background:#E75480;border:1px solid black; border-style:ridge; border-width:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(constellation)" title="Andromeda (constellation)">Andromeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antlia" title="Antlia">Antlia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apus" title="Apus">Apus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquarius_(constellation)" title="Aquarius (constellation)">Aquarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquila_(constellation)" title="Aquila (constellation)">Aquila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ara_(constellation)" title="Ara (constellation)">Ara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aries_(constellation)" title="Aries (constellation)">Aries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auriga" title="Auriga">Auriga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo%C3%B6tes" title="Boötes">Boötes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caelum" title="Caelum">Caelum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camelopardalis" title="Camelopardalis">Camelopardalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancer_(constellation)" title="Cancer (constellation)">Cancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canes_Venatici" title="Canes Venatici">Canes Venatici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canis_Major" title="Canis Major">Canis Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canis_Minor" title="Canis Minor">Canis Minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capricornus" title="Capricornus">Capricornus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carina_(constellation)" title="Carina (constellation)">Carina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(constellation)" title="Cassiopeia (constellation)">Cassiopeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centaurus" title="Centaurus">Centaurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cepheus_(constellation)" title="Cepheus (constellation)">Cepheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cetus" title="Cetus">Cetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamaeleon" title="Chamaeleon">Chamaeleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circinus" title="Circinus">Circinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columba_(constellation)" title="Columba (constellation)">Columba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coma_Berenices" title="Coma Berenices">Coma Berenices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_Australis" title="Corona Australis">Corona Australis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_Borealis" title="Corona Borealis">Corona Borealis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvus_(constellation)" title="Corvus (constellation)">Corvus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crater_(constellation)" title="Crater (constellation)">Crater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crux" title="Crux">Crux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cygnus_(constellation)" title="Cygnus (constellation)">Cygnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinus" title="Delphinus">Delphinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorado" title="Dorado">Dorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draco_(constellation)" title="Draco (constellation)">Draco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equuleus" title="Equuleus">Equuleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eridanus_(constellation)" title="Eridanus (constellation)">Eridanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fornax" title="Fornax">Fornax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_(constellation)" title="Gemini (constellation)">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grus_(constellation)" title="Grus (constellation)">Grus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules_(constellation)" title="Hercules (constellation)">Hercules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horologium_(constellation)" title="Horologium (constellation)">Horologium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydra_(constellation)" title="Hydra (constellation)">Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrus" title="Hydrus">Hydrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_(constellation)" title="Indus (constellation)">Indus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacerta" title="Lacerta">Lacerta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_(constellation)" title="Leo (constellation)">Leo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Minor" title="Leo Minor">Leo Minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepus_(constellation)" title="Lepus (constellation)">Lepus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libra_(constellation)" title="Libra (constellation)">Libra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupus_(constellation)" title="Lupus (constellation)">Lupus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynx_(constellation)" title="Lynx (constellation)">Lynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyra" title="Lyra">Lyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mensa_(constellation)" title="Mensa (constellation)">Mensa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microscopium" title="Microscopium">Microscopium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoceros" title="Monoceros">Monoceros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musca" title="Musca">Musca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norma_(constellation)" title="Norma (constellation)">Norma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octans" title="Octans">Octans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophiuchus" title="Ophiuchus">Ophiuchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(constellation)" title="Orion (constellation)">Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavo_(constellation)" title="Pavo (constellation)">Pavo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_(constellation)" title="Pegasus (constellation)">Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus_(constellation)" title="Perseus (constellation)">Perseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(constellation)" title="Phoenix (constellation)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictor" title="Pictor">Pictor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisces_(constellation)" title="Pisces (constellation)">Pisces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscis_Austrinus" title="Piscis Austrinus">Piscis Austrinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puppis" title="Puppis">Puppis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyxis" title="Pyxis">Pyxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reticulum" title="Reticulum">Reticulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagitta" title="Sagitta">Sagitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagittarius_(constellation)" title="Sagittarius (constellation)">Sagittarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scorpius" title="Scorpius">Scorpius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculptor_(constellation)" title="Sculptor (constellation)">Sculptor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scutum_(constellation)" title="Scutum (constellation)">Scutum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serpens" title="Serpens">Serpens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sextans" title="Sextans">Sextans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taurus_(constellation)" title="Taurus (constellation)">Taurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telescopium" title="Telescopium">Telescopium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangulum" title="Triangulum">Triangulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangulum_Australe" title="Triangulum Australe">Triangulum Australe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucana" title="Tucana">Tucana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursa_Major" title="Ursa Major">Ursa Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursa_Minor" title="Ursa Minor">Ursa Minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vela_(constellation)" title="Vela (constellation)">Vela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgo_(constellation)" title="Virgo (constellation)">Virgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volans" title="Volans">Volans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulpecula" title="Vulpecula">Vulpecula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universe_navboxes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universe_navboxes" title="Template:Universe navboxes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universe_navboxes" title="Template talk:Universe navboxes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universe_navboxes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universe navboxes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universe_navboxes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Universe navboxes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Astronomy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Astronomy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="&#123;&#123;Astronomy_navbox&#125;&#125;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Astronomy_navbox" title="Template:Astronomy navbox">Astronomy navbox</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Object <br />types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Asteroids" title="Template:Asteroids">Asteroids</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Black_holes" title="Template:Black holes">Black holes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Comets" title="Template:Comets">Comets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Exoplanet" title="Template:Exoplanet">Exoplanet</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Galaxy" title="Template:Galaxy">Galaxy</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Meteor_showers" title="Template:Meteor showers">Meteor showers</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Meteorites" title="Template:Meteorites">Meteorites</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Meteorites_by_name" title="Template:Meteorites by name">Meteorites by name</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Neutron_star" title="Template:Neutron star">Neutron star</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Star" title="Template:Star">Star</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Stellar_core_collapse" title="Template:Stellar core collapse">Stellar core collapse</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Stellar_system" title="Template:Stellar system">Stellar system</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Supernovae" title="Template:Supernovae">Supernovae</a><span 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title="Template:RCW">RCW</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Sh2_objects" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Sh2 objects">Sh2 objects</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">By culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_Greek_astronomy" title="Template:Ancient Greek astronomy">Ancient Greek astronomy</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Astronomy_in_medieval_Islam" title="Template:Astronomy in medieval Islam">Astronomy in medieval Islam</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_astronomy" title="Template:Indian astronomy">Indian astronomy</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Solar_System" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_System" title="Template:Solar System">Solar System</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_System_navmap" title="Template:Solar System navmap">Solar System navmap</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_System_table" title="Template:Solar System table">Solar System table</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Atmospheres" title="Template:Atmospheres">Atmospheres</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Lunar_eclipses" title="Template:Lunar eclipses">Lunar eclipses</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_eclipses" title="Template:Solar eclipses">Solar eclipses</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:The_Sun" title="Template:The Sun">Sun</a>}}</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">Planets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Earth" title="Template:Earth">Earth</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Earth%27s_location" title="Template:Earth's location">Earth's location</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Jupiter" title="Template:Jupiter">Jupiter</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Mars" title="Template:Mars">Mars</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Mercury_(planet)" title="Template:Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>}}</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Neptune" title="Template:Neptune">Neptune</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Saturn" title="Template:Saturn">Saturn</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Uranus" title="Template:Uranus">Uranus</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Venus" title="Template:Venus">Venus</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Planetary_rings" title="Template:Planetary rings">Planetary rings</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">Moons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Moons_of_dwarf_planets" title="Template:Moons of dwarf planets">Moons of dwarf planets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Moons_of_terrestrial_planets_and_asteroids" title="Template:Moons of terrestrial planets and asteroids">Moons of terrestrial planets and asteroids</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_System_moons" title="Template:Solar System moons">Solar System moons (big)</a>}}</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_System_moons_(compact)" title="Template:Solar System moons (compact)">Solar System moons (compact)</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> <ul><li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:The_Moon" title="Template:The Moon">The Moon [Earth's moon]</a>}} <ul><li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Lunar_maria" title="Template:Lunar maria">Lunar maria</a>}}</li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Moons_of_Jupiter" title="Template:Moons of Jupiter">Moons of Jupiter</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Ganymede" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Ganymede">Ganymede</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Io" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Io">Io</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Callisto" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Callisto">Callisto</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Europa" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Europa">Europa</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Moons_of_Saturn" title="Template:Moons of Saturn">Moons of Saturn</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Titan" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Titan">Titan</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Rhea" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Rhea">Rhea</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Enceladus" title="Template:Enceladus">Enceladus</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Tethys" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Tethys">Tethys</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Iapetus" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Iapetus">Iapetus</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Moons_of_Uranus" title="Template:Moons of Uranus">Moons of Uranus</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Moons_of_Neptune" title="Template:Moons of Neptune">Moons of Neptune</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Triton" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Triton">Triton</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Charon_(moon)" title="Template:Charon (moon)">Charon (moon)</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planets" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwarf planets">Dwarf planets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Ceres" title="Template:Ceres">Ceres</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Dwarf_planets" title="Template:Dwarf planets">Dwarf planets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Eris" title="Template:Eris">Eris</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Haumea" title="Template:Haumea">Haumea</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Pluto" title="Template:Pluto">Pluto</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Other <br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Distant_minor_planets_sidebar" title="Template:Distant minor planets sidebar">Distant minor planets sidebar</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Large_asteroids" title="Template:Large asteroids">Large asteroids</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Minor_planets_navigator" title="Template:Minor planets navigator">Minor planets navigator</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Small_Solar_System_bodies" title="Template:Small Solar System bodies">Small Solar System bodies</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Trans-Neptunian_objects_navbox" title="Template:Trans-Neptunian objects navbox">Trans-Neptunian objects navbox</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="*_Star_systems_*_Constellations_*_Stars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_system" title="Star system">Star systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">Stars</a></li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Star_system" title="Star system">Star systems</a> <span class="nobold">(by <br />distance from Earth)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Nearest_star_systems" title="Template:Nearest star systems">Nearest star systems</a>}}</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Within {{<i>N</i>–<i>M</i>}} <a href="/wiki/Light-year" title="Light-year">light-years</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Star_systems_within_10_light-years" title="Template:Star systems within 10 light-years">10</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Star_systems_within_10%E2%80%9315_light-years" title="Template:Star systems within 10–15 light-years">10–15</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Star_systems_within_15%E2%80%9320_light-years" title="Template:Star systems within 15–20 light-years">15–20</a>}}</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Constellations" title="Template:Constellations">Constellations</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Constellations/historic" title="Template:Constellations/historic">Constellations (historic)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Constellations/modern" title="Template:Constellations/modern">Constellations (modern)</a>}}</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Zodiac" title="Template:Zodiac">Zodiac</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Lists_of_stars_by_constellation" title="Template:Lists of stars by constellation">Lists of stars by constellation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Andromeda_(constellation)" title="Template:Andromeda (constellation)">Andromeda (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Antlia" title="Template:Antlia">Antlia</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Apus" title="Template:Apus">Apus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Aquarius_(constellation)" title="Template:Aquarius (constellation)">Aquarius (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Aquila_(constellation)" title="Template:Aquila (constellation)">Aquila (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Argo_Navis_(big)" title="Template:Argo Navis (big)">Argo Navis (big)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Ara_(constellation)" title="Template:Ara (constellation)">Ara (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Aries_(constellation)" title="Template:Aries (constellation)">Aries (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Auriga_(constellation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Auriga (constellation)">Auriga (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Bo%C3%B6tes" title="Template:Boötes">Boötes</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Caelum" title="Template:Caelum">Caelum</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Camelopardalis" title="Template:Camelopardalis">Camelopardalis</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cancer_(constellation)" title="Template:Cancer (constellation)">Cancer (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Canes_Venatici" title="Template:Canes Venatici">Canes Venatici</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Canis_Major" title="Template:Canis Major">Canis Major</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Canis_Minor" title="Template:Canis Minor">Canis Minor</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Capricornus" title="Template:Capricornus">Capricornus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Carina_(constellation)" title="Template:Carina (constellation)">Carina (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cassiopeia_(constellation)" title="Template:Cassiopeia (constellation)">Cassiopeia (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Centaurus" title="Template:Centaurus">Centaurus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cepheus_(constellation)" title="Template:Cepheus (constellation)">Cepheus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cetus" title="Template:Cetus">Cetus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Chamaeleon" title="Template:Chamaeleon">Chamaeleon</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Circinus" title="Template:Circinus">Circinus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Columba_(constellation)" title="Template:Columba (constellation)">Columba (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Coma_Berenices" title="Template:Coma Berenices">Coma Berenices</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Corona_Australis" title="Template:Corona Australis">Corona Australis</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Corona_Borealis" title="Template:Corona Borealis">Corona Borealis</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Corvus_(constellation)" title="Template:Corvus (constellation)">Corvus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Crater_(constellation)" title="Template:Crater (constellation)">Crater (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Crux" title="Template:Crux">Crux</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cygnus_(constellation)" title="Template:Cygnus (constellation)">Cygnus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Delphinus" title="Template:Delphinus">Delphinus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Dorado" title="Template:Dorado">Dorado</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Draco_(constellation)" title="Template:Draco (constellation)">Draco (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Equuleus" title="Template:Equuleus">Equuleus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Eridanus_(constellation)" title="Template:Eridanus (constellation)">Eridanus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Fornax" title="Template:Fornax">Fornax</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Gemini_(constellation)" title="Template:Gemini (constellation)">Gemini (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Grus_(constellation)" title="Template:Grus (constellation)">Grus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Hercules_(constellation)" title="Template:Hercules (constellation)">Hercules (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Horologium_(constellation)" title="Template:Horologium (constellation)">Horologium (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Hydra_(constellation)" title="Template:Hydra (constellation)">Hydra (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Hydrus" title="Template:Hydrus">Hydrus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Indus_(constellation)" title="Template:Indus (constellation)">Indus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Lacerta" title="Template:Lacerta">Lacerta</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Leo_(constellation)" title="Template:Leo (constellation)">Leo (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Leo_Minor" title="Template:Leo Minor">Leo Minor</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Lepus_(constellation)" title="Template:Lepus (constellation)">Lepus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Libra_(constellation)" title="Template:Libra (constellation)">Libra (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Lupus_(constellation)" title="Template:Lupus (constellation)">Lupus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Lynx_(constellation)" title="Template:Lynx (constellation)">Lynx (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Lyra" title="Template:Lyra">Lyra</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Mensa_(constellation)" title="Template:Mensa (constellation)">Mensa (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Microscopium" title="Template:Microscopium">Microscopium</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Monoceros" title="Template:Monoceros">Monoceros</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Musca" title="Template:Musca">Musca</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Norma_(constellation)" title="Template:Norma (constellation)">Norma (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Octans" title="Template:Octans">Octans</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Ophiuchus" title="Template:Ophiuchus">Ophiuchus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Orion_(constellation)" title="Template:Orion (constellation)">Orion (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Pavo_(constellation)" title="Template:Pavo (constellation)">Pavo (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Pegasus_(constellation)" title="Template:Pegasus (constellation)">Pegasus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Perseus_(constellation)" title="Template:Perseus (constellation)">Perseus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Phoenix_(constellation)" title="Template:Phoenix (constellation)">Phoenix (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Pictor" title="Template:Pictor">Pictor</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Pisces_(constellation)" title="Template:Pisces (constellation)">Pisces (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Piscis_Austrinus" title="Template:Piscis Austrinus">Piscis Austrinus</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Puppis" title="Template:Puppis">Puppis</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Pyxis" title="Template:Pyxis">Pyxis</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Reticulum" title="Template:Reticulum">Reticulum</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sagitta" title="Template:Sagitta">Sagitta</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sagittarius_(constellation)" title="Template:Sagittarius (constellation)">Sagittarius (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Scorpius" title="Template:Scorpius">Scorpius</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sculptor_(constellation)" title="Template:Sculptor (constellation)">Sculptor (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Scutum_(constellation)" title="Template:Scutum (constellation)">Scutum (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Serpens" title="Template:Serpens">Serpens</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sextans" title="Template:Sextans">Sextans</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Taurus_(constellation)" title="Template:Taurus (constellation)">Taurus (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Telescopium" title="Template:Telescopium">Telescopium</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Triangulum" title="Template:Triangulum">Triangulum</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Triangulum_Australe" title="Template:Triangulum Australe">Triangulum Australe</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Tucana" title="Template:Tucana">Tucana</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Ursa_Major" title="Template:Ursa Major">Ursa Major</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Ursa_Minor" title="Template:Ursa Minor">Ursa Minor</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Vela_(constellation)" title="Template:Vela (constellation)">Vela (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Virgo_(constellation)" title="Template:Virgo (constellation)">Virgo (constellation)</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Volans" title="Template:Volans">Volans</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Vulpecula" title="Template:Vulpecula">Vulpecula</a>}}</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="*_Planetary_systems_*_Galaxies_*_Other_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_system" title="Planetary system">Planetary systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">Galaxies</a></li> <li>Other topics</li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Planetary_system" title="Planetary system">Planetary <br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:23_Librae" title="Template:23 Librae">23 Librae</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:47_Ursae_Majoris" title="Template:47 Ursae Majoris">47 Ursae Majoris</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:55_Cancri" title="Template:55 Cancri">55 Cancri</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:61_Virginis" title="Template:61 Virginis">61 Virginis</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Alpha_Centauri" title="Template:Alpha Centauri">Alpha Centauri</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CoRoT-7" title="Template:CoRoT-7">CoRoT-7</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Fomalhaut" title="Template:Fomalhaut">Fomalhaut</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Gliese_581" title="Template:Gliese 581">Gliese 581</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Gliese_667" title="Template:Gliese 667">Gliese 667</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Gliese_777" title="Template:Gliese 777">Gliese 777</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Gliese_876" title="Template:Gliese 876">Gliese 876</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_1461" title="Template:HD 1461">HD 1461</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_9446" title="Template:HD 9446">HD 9446</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_11964" title="Template:HD 11964">HD 11964</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_12661" title="Template:HD 12661">HD 12661</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_37124" title="Template:HD 37124">HD 37124</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_40307" title="Template:HD 40307">HD 40307</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_47186" title="Template:HD 47186">HD 47186</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_69830" title="Template:HD 69830">HD 69830</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_125612" title="Template:HD 125612">HD 125612</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_128311" title="Template:HD 128311">HD 128311</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_181433" title="Template:HD 181433">HD 181433</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_215497" title="Template:HD 215497">HD 215497</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HD_217107" title="Template:HD 217107">HD 217107</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HIP_14810" title="Template:HIP 14810">HIP 14810</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:HR_8799" title="Template:HR 8799">HR 8799</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Mu_Arae" title="Template:Mu Arae">Mu Arae</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Kepler-9" title="Template:Kepler-9">Kepler-9</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Kepler-11" title="Template:Kepler-11">Kepler-11</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Kepler-90" title="Template:Kepler-90">Kepler-90</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Kepler-371" title="Template:Kepler-371">Kepler-371</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Kepler-445" title="Template:Kepler-445">Kepler-445</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:PSR_B1257%2B12" title="Template:PSR B1257+12">PSR B1257+12</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Upsilon_Andromedae" title="Template:Upsilon Andromedae">Upsilon Andromedae</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">Galaxies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Andromeda_Galaxy" title="Template:Andromeda Galaxy">Andromeda Galaxy</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ARP_178" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:ARP 178">ARP 178</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ARP_297" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:ARP 297">ARP 297</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Milky_Way" title="Template:Milky Way">Milky Way</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:NGC_2264" title="Template:NGC 2264">NGC 2264</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Robert%27s_Quartet" title="Template:Robert's Quartet">Robert's Quartet</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Triangulum_Galaxy" title="Template:Triangulum Galaxy">Triangulum Galaxy</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Astrobiology" title="Template:Astrobiology">Astrobiology</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:CMB" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:CMB">CMB [Cosmic Microwave Background]</a>}}</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Impact_cratering_on_Earth" title="Template:Impact cratering on Earth">Impact cratering on Earth</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Magnetospherics" title="Template:Magnetospherics">Magnetospherics</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Modern_impact_events" title="Template:Modern impact events">Modern impact events</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><i>See also:</i> <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Spaceflight_navboxes" title="Template:Spaceflight navboxes">Spaceflight navboxes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> </div> <div class="portal-column-left"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AStars%2FProjects&action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="WikiProjects" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">WikiProjects <i></i></h2></div><div style="color:#000;opacity:1;border:2px solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fefeef;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:4px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <table style="width:100%;border:solid 0px #FFFFFF;background-color:transparent;text-align:center;padding:0px;padding-top:1em;" cellspacing="0px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:33%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Astronomical_objects" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Astronomical objects"><img alt="Wikipedia:WikiProject Astronomical objects" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Io_highest_resolution_true_color.jpg/75px-Io_highest_resolution_true_color.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Io_highest_resolution_true_color.jpg/113px-Io_highest_resolution_true_color.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Io_highest_resolution_true_color.jpg/150px-Io_highest_resolution_true_color.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3196" data-file-height="3196" /></a></span> </td> <td style="width:33%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Solar_System" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Solar System"><img alt="Wikipedia:WikiProject Solar System" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/60px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/91px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/120px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Astronomical_objects" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Astronomical objects">WikiProject Astronomical objects</a></b> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Solar_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Solar System">WikiProject Solar System</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Directory/Science">More science WikiProjects...</a></b></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> </div> <div class="portal-column-right"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AStars%2FOpentask&action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Things_to_do" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Things to do <i></i></h2></div><div style="color:#000;opacity:1;border:2px solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fefeef;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:4px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <table style="background:none;color:inherit;width:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e6/Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg/50px-Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e6/Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg/75px-Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e6/Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg/100px-Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span><br /><div style="width: 55px; height: 0px;"></div> </td> <td> <div style="position: relative; left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; z-index: 15;">Here are some tasks awaiting attention: <ul style="font-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0.3em 0px 0.3em 25px;"> <li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_articles" title="Wikipedia:Requested articles">Article requests</a></i> :</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_articles/Natural_sciences/Astronomy_and_cosmology" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Requested articles/Natural sciences/Astronomy and cosmology">See requested articles</a></i></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleanup" title="Wikipedia:Cleanup">Cleanup</a></i> :</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Instability_strip" title="Instability strip">Instability strip</a>, <a href="/wiki/Strangelet" title="Strangelet">Strangelet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neutronium" title="Neutronium">Neutronium</a></i></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_copyediting" title="Wikipedia:Basic copyediting">Copyedit</a></i> :</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Horizontal_branch" title="Horizontal branch">Horizontal branch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dark_energy_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark energy star">Dark ES</a>, <a href="/wiki/Degenerate_matter" title="Degenerate matter">Degenerate MA</a></i></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">Expand</a></i> :</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Category:Star_stubs" title="Category:Star stubs">See star stubs</a></i> … <i><a href="/wiki/Lodestar" class="mw-disambig" title="Lodestar">Lodestar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Preon_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Preon star">Preon star</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gravastar" title="Gravastar">Gravastar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Preon" title="Preon">Preon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_star_(semiclassical_gravity)" title="Black star (semiclassical gravity)">Black star</a> </i></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">Stubs</a></i> :</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Category:Star_stubs" title="Category:Star stubs">See star stubs</a></i> … <a href="/wiki/Stellar_dynamics" title="Stellar dynamics">Stellar dynamics</a></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:As_of" title="Wikipedia:As of">Update</a></i> :</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Radiation_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiation zone">Radiation zone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quark_star" title="Quark star">Quark star</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sub-brown_dwarf" title="Sub-brown dwarf">Sub-brown dwarf</a></i></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikify" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Wikify">Wikify</a></i> :</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Starspot" title="Starspot">Starspot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stellar_black_hole" title="Stellar black hole">Stellar black hole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chromosphere" title="Chromosphere">Chromosphere</a></i></li><li><b><i>Other</i> :</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Circumpolar_star" title="Circumpolar star">Circumpolar star</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luminous_blue_variable" title="Luminous blue variable">Luminous blue variable</a></i></li> </ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> </div> <div style="clear:both; width:100%"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AStars%2FRelated_portals&action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Related_portals" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Related portals <i></i></h2></div><div style="color:#000;opacity:1;border:2px solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fefeef;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:4px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-unbordered portal-bar-related" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><ul class="portal-bar-content portal-bar-content-related"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/25px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/38px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/50px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/25px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/38px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/50px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight" title="Portal:Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/27px-Earth-moon.jpg" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/41px-Earth-moon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/54px-Earth-moon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Outer_space" title="Portal:Outer space">Outer space</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/20px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/30px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/40px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Solar_System" title="Portal:Solar System">Solar System</a></li></ul></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Science_portals" title="Category:Science portals">More science portals...</a></b></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> </div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:pink;border-top-width:2px;;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:4px 2px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"></div><h2 id="Associated_Wikimedia" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Associated Wikimedia <i></i></h2></div><div style="color:#000;opacity:1;border:2px solid black;border-style:ridge;;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fefeef;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:4px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239335380">.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li{display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li span{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px 4px}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div:first-child{text-align:center}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-light{display:none}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark{display:inline}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark{display:inline}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-light{display:none}}@media(min-width:360px){.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li{width:33%;min-width:20em;white-space:nowrap;flex:1 0 25%}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div:first-child{min-width:50px}}</style> <p>The following <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> sister projects provide more on this subject: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul id="sister-projects-list"> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Category:Stars"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/47px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/62px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Category:Stars" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Category:Stars">Commons</a></span><br />Free media repository</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/35px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/53px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/70px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Special:Search/Stars">Wikibooks</a></span><br />Free textbooks and manuals</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/47px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="47" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/71px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/94px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div> <div><span><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Special:Search/Stars">Wikidata</a></span><br />Free knowledge base</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/51px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="51" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/77px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/102px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Special:Search/Stars">Wikinews</a></span><br />Free-content news</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/53px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/70px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Stars">Wikiquote</a></span><br />Collection of quotations</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/35px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/53px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/70px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Stars">Wikisource</a></span><br />Free-content library</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="41" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/62px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/82px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars" class="extiw" title="wikiversity:Special:Search/Stars">Wikiversity</a></span><br />Free learning tools</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/35px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/53px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/70px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Stars" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/Stars">Wiktionary</a></span><br />Dictionary and thesaurus</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239335380"> <div class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Discover Wikipedia using <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">portals</a></b></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul id="sister-projects-list"> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg/35px-Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg/53px-Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg/70px-Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">List of all portals</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/35px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/53px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/70px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:The_arts" title="Portal:The arts">The arts portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/35px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/53px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/70px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/35px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/53px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/70px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Portal:Current events">Current events portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="globe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/35px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/53px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/70px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/35px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/53px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/70px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="square root of x" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg/35px-Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg/53px-Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg/70px-Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mathematics" title="Portal:Mathematics">Mathematics portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/35px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/53px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/70px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science">Science portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Social_sciences.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/35px-Social_sciences.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/53px-Social_sciences.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/70px-Social_sciences.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="122" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Society" title="Portal:Society">Society portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noun-technology.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/35px-Noun-technology.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/53px-Noun-technology.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/70px-Noun-technology.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="88" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology">Technology portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Random_font_awesome.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Random_font_awesome.svg/35px-Random_font_awesome.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Random_font_awesome.svg/53px-Random_font_awesome.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Random_font_awesome.svg/70px-Random_font_awesome.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Special:RandomInCategory/All_portals" title="Special:RandomInCategory/All portals">Random portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/35px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/53px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/70px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Portals" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Portals">WikiProject Portals</a></span></div> </li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><i class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/Special:Purge/Portal:Stars" title="Special:Purge/Portal:Stars"><small>Purge server cache</small></a></i></div> <p><br /> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" 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