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Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Geobotanie" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Indeling_van_de_geobotanie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indeling_van_de_geobotanie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Indeling van de geobotanie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Indeling_van_de_geobotanie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Indeling van de geobotanie-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Indeling_van_de_geobotanie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Plantengeografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plantengeografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Plantengeografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plantengeografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paleobotanie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paleobotanie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Paleobotanie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paleobotanie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegetatiekunde" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegetatiekunde"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Vegetatiekunde</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegetatiekunde-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plantenoecologie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plantenoecologie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Plantenoecologie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plantenoecologie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Geobotanie</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 22 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotanika" title="Geobotanika – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Geobotanika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геоботаника – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Геоботаника" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геабатаніка – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Геабатаніка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геабатаніка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Геабатаніка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geolouzawouriezh" title="Geolouzawouriezh – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Geolouzawouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobot%C3%A0nica" title="Geobotànica – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Geobotànica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotanika" title="Geobotanika – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Geobotanika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геоботаника – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Геоботаника" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotanik" title="Geobotanik – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geobotanik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotany" title="Geobotany – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Geobotany" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobot%C3%A1nica" title="Geobotánica – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Geobotánica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotaanika" title="Geobotaanika – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Geobotaanika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="გეობოტანიკა – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გეობოტანიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геоботаника – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Геоботаника" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotanika" title="Geobotanika – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Geobotanika" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotanic%C4%83" title="Geobotanică – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Geobotanică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геоботаника – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Геоботаника" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotanika" title="Geobotanika – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Geobotanika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%91%D2%B3%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Замингиёҳшиносӣ – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Замингиёҳшиносӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геоботаніка – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Геоботаніка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotanika" title="Geobotanika – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Geobotanika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="地植物学 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="地植物学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1456948#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&printable=yes" title="Printvriendelijke versie van deze pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Afdrukversie</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phytogeography" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1456948" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p>De <b>geobotanie</b> is het onderdeel van de <a href="/wiki/Plantkunde" title="Plantkunde">plantkunde</a> of fytologie dat zich bezig houdt met de studie van de <a href="/wiki/Planten" title="Planten">planten</a> in de vrije natuur, dus als onderdeel van de <a href="/wiki/Biosfeer" title="Biosfeer">biosfeer</a>. </p><p>Tegenover <i>geobotanie</i> staat de <i>idiobotanie</i>, het onderdeel van de botanie, dat zich richt op de planten als zodanig, los van hun voorkomen in de vrije natuur. Bij <i>idiobotanie</i> gaat het om onderzoek aan de eigenschappen van planten onder <a href="/wiki/Gecontroleerde_omstandigheden" title="Gecontroleerde omstandigheden">gecontroleerde omstandigheden</a>, zoals onderzoek in het <a href="/wiki/Laboratorium" title="Laboratorium">laboratorium</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Kas_(gebouw)" title="Kas (gebouw)">kassen</a>, op proefvelden of in <a href="/wiki/Hortus_botanicus" title="Hortus botanicus">botanische tuinen</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indeling_van_de_geobotanie">Indeling van de geobotanie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Indeling van de geobotanie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Indeling van de geobotanie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bij de <a href="/wiki/Plantkunde" title="Plantkunde">plantkunde</a>, fytologie of botanie <a href="/wiki/Sensu_lato" title="Sensu lato"><i>s.l.</i></a> kunnen twee hoofdrichtingen worden onderscheiden: de <i>geobotanie</i> en <i>idiobotanie</i> of de botanie <a href="/wiki/Sensu_stricto" title="Sensu stricto"><i>s.s.</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deze laatste term wordt nog maar weinig gebruikt, en staat voor de botanische disciplines die zich bezig houden met de individuele planten, zoals <a href="/wiki/Plantensystematiek" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantensystematiek">plantensystematiek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plantenfysiologie" title="Plantenfysiologie">plantenfysiologie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plantenmorfologie" title="Plantenmorfologie">plantenmorfologie</a> en <a href="/wiki/Plantenanatomie" title="Plantenanatomie">-anatomie</a>. </p><p>Geobotanie omvat onder andere de <a href="/wiki/Plantengeografie" title="Plantengeografie">plantengeografie</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Paleobotanie" title="Paleobotanie">paleobotanie</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Vegetatiekunde" title="Vegetatiekunde">vegetatiekunde</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Plantenoecologie" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantenoecologie">plantenoecologie</a> en de speciale geobotanie. Binnen de geobotanie zijn er beschrijvende (descriptieve) richtingen, en ook causale onderzoeksrichtingen die een verklaring proberen te geven van de beschreven patronen. De speciale geobotanie houdt zich specifiek bezig met geobotanische aspecten van soorten of soortengroepen in hun natuurlijk omgeving. </p><p>De plantkunde wordt ook wel op andere wijzen in disciplines ingedeeld dan de hier genoemde indeling. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plantengeografie">Plantengeografie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Plantengeografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Plantengeografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Plantengeografie" title="Plantengeografie">Plantengeografie</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Plantengeografie, <i>floristische geobotanie</i>, <i>botanische <a href="/wiki/Chorologische_geografie" title="Chorologische geografie">chorologie</a></i> of <i>areaalkunde</i> en de <a href="/wiki/Floristiek" title="Floristiek">floristiek</a> is het onderzoek naar de wilde <a href="/wiki/Flora_(plantkunde)" title="Flora (plantkunde)">flora</a> van gebieden, naar de <a href="/wiki/Verspreidingsgebied" title="Verspreidingsgebied">verspreidingsgebieden</a> van soorten en de verklaring daarvan. Onder de flora van een gebied wordt een overzicht van de <a href="/wiki/Taxon" title="Taxon">taxa</a> (zoals families, geslachten en soorten) van planten verstaan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paleobotanie">Paleobotanie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Paleobotanie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Paleobotanie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Paleobotanie" title="Paleobotanie">Paleobotanie</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Paleobotanie of <i>historische geobotanie</i> is het onderzoek naar de historische verklaring van de huidige het verspreidingsgebieden van soorten met behulp van macrofossielen en microfossielen, en de opeenvolging daarvan in geologische <a href="/wiki/Afzetting_(stratigrafie)" title="Afzetting (stratigrafie)">afzettingen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vegetatiekunde">Vegetatiekunde</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Vegetatiekunde" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Vegetatiekunde"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Vegetatiekunde" title="Vegetatiekunde">Vegetatiekunde</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Vegetatiekunde, <i>coenologische geobotanie</i>, <i>plantensociologie</i> of <i>fytocoenologie</i> is het onderzoek aan <a href="/wiki/Plantengemeenschap" title="Plantengemeenschap">plantengemeenschappen</a> (fytocoenoses),<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Syntaxonomie" title="Syntaxonomie">syntaxonomie</a> is de wetenschap van het indelen van <a href="/wiki/Levensgemeenschap" title="Levensgemeenschap">levensgemeenschappen</a> of biocoenoses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plantenoecologie">Plantenoecologie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Plantenoecologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Plantenoecologie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ecologie" title="Ecologie">Plantenoecologie</a> of <i>oecologische geobotanie</i> is onderzoek naar de betrekkingen tussen planten en hun omgeving, naar de oorzaken van de verspreiding van de planten op aarde en naar de kringloop van energie en van stoffen. </p> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Walter, H.</span> (1973) p. 9-10. <i>Einleitung.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">In de Engelstalige literatuur wordt de vegetatiekunde (<i>vegetation science</i>) gewoonlijk onder de plantenoecologie (<i>plant ecology</i>) gerekend.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Literatuur</b> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Frey, W. & R. Lösch</span> (2014) <i>Geobotanik</i>. 3. Auflage. 2010, Nachdruck 2014. Springer Spektrum. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-3-662-45280-6" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-3-662-45280-6">ISBN 978-3-662-45280-6</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Walter, H.</span> (1973) <i>Algemeine Geobotanik.</i> Uni Taschenbücher 284. Verlag Eugen Ulmer. Stuttgart</li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style> <div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Plantkunde_en_deelgebieden" data-expandtext="Uitklappen" data-collapsetext="Inklappen"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_plantkunde" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie plantkunde"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nl:Overleg_sjabloon:Navigatie_plantkunde" title="Overleg sjabloon"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_plantkunde&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Plantkunde_en_deelgebieden" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Plantkunde" title="Plantkunde">Plantkunde</a> en deelgebieden</div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content"> <div style="background-color: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Geobotanie</a></b> (planten als onderdeel van de biosfeer)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:19em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantengeografie" title="Plantengeografie">Plantengeografie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Adventief_(plant)" title="Adventief (plant)">adventief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verspreidingsgebied" title="Verspreidingsgebied">areaal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beschermingsstatus" title="Beschermingsstatus">beschermingsstatus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bioom" title="Bioom">bioom</a> · <a href="/wiki/Endemie_(biogeografie)" title="Endemie (biogeografie)">endemie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Exoot" title="Exoot">exoot</a> · <a href="/wiki/Flora_(plantkunde)" title="Flora (plantkunde)">flora</a> · <a href="/wiki/Floradistrict" title="Floradistrict">floradistrict</a> · <a href="/wiki/Floristiek" title="Floristiek">floristiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatiezonering_in_gebergten" title="Vegetatiezonering in gebergten">hoogtezonering</a> · <a href="/wiki/Invasieve_soort" title="Invasieve soort">invasieve soort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantengeografie" title="Plantengeografie">Plantengeografie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Status_(biogeografie)" title="Status (biogeografie)">status</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stinsenplant" title="Stinsenplant">stinsenplant</a> · <a href="/wiki/Uitsterven" title="Uitsterven">uitsterven</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verspreidingsgebied" title="Verspreidingsgebied">verspreidingsgebied</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Paleobotanie" title="Paleobotanie">Paleobotanie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Archeobotanie" title="Archeobotanie">archeobotanie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dendrochronologie" title="Dendrochronologie">dendrochronologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fossiele_planten" title="Fossiele planten">fossiele planten</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gyttja" title="Gyttja">gyttja</a> · <a href="/wiki/Palynologie" title="Palynologie">palynologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pollenzone" title="Pollenzone">pollenzone</a> · <a href="/wiki/Varens_(fossiel)" title="Varens (fossiel)">varens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Veen_(grondsoort)" title="Veen (grondsoort)">veen</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Vegetatiekunde" title="Vegetatiekunde">Vegetatiekunde</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ecologie" title="Ecologie">plantenoecologie</a>:</b></span></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Abundantie_(ecologie)" title="Abundantie (ecologie)">abundantie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Associatie_(vegetatiekunde)" title="Associatie (vegetatiekunde)">associatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bedekking_(vegetatiekunde)" title="Bedekking (vegetatiekunde)">bedekking</a> · <a href="/wiki/Biodiversiteit" title="Biodiversiteit">biodiversiteit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Biotoop" title="Biotoop">biotoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Boomlaag" title="Boomlaag">boomlaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bos_(vegetatie)" title="Bos (vegetatie)">bos</a> · <a href="/wiki/Braun-Blanquet-methode" title="Braun-Blanquet-methode">Braun-Blanquet-methode</a> · <a href="/wiki/Broekbos" title="Broekbos">broekbos</a> · <a href="/wiki/Climaxvegetatie" title="Climaxvegetatie">climaxvegetatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Clusteranalyse" title="Clusteranalyse">clusteranalyse</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeenschapsgradi%C3%ABnt" title="Gemeenschapsgradiënt">coenocline</a> · <a href="/wiki/Concurrentie_(ecologie)" title="Concurrentie (ecologie)">concurrentie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Constant_taxon" title="Constant taxon">constant taxon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Contactgemeenschap" title="Contactgemeenschap">contactgemeenschap</a> · <a href="/wiki/Differenti%C3%ABrend_taxon" title="Differentiërend taxon">differentiërend taxon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dwergstruweel" title="Dwergstruweel">dwergstruweel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ecologische_gradi%C3%ABnt" title="Ecologische gradiënt">ecologische gradiënt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ecologische_groep" title="Ecologische groep">ecologische groep</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ellenberg-indicatorwaarde" title="Ellenberg-indicatorwaarde">Ellenberg-indicatorwaarde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeenschapsgradi%C3%ABnt" title="Gemeenschapsgradiënt">gemeenschapsgradiënt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Grasland" title="Grasland">grasland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Heide_(vegetatie)" title="Heide (vegetatie)">heide</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kentaxon" title="Kentaxon">kentaxon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kruidlaag" title="Kruidlaag">kruidlaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kwelder" title="Kwelder">kwelder</a> · <a href="/wiki/Minimumareaal" title="Minimumareaal">minimumareaal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Moeras" title="Moeras">moeras</a> · <a href="/wiki/Moslaag" title="Moslaag">moslaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ordinatie" title="Ordinatie">ordinatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pioniersoort" title="Pioniersoort">pioniersoort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantengemeenschap" title="Plantengemeenschap">plantengemeenschap</a> · <a href="/wiki/Potentieel_natuurlijke_vegetatie" title="Potentieel natuurlijke vegetatie">potentieel natuurlijke vegetatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Presentie_(vegetatiekunde)" title="Presentie (vegetatiekunde)">presentie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Regenwoud" title="Regenwoud">regenwoud</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatieopname" title="Vegetatieopname">relevé</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ruigte" title="Ruigte">ruigte</a> · <a href="/wiki/Savanne_(landschap)" title="Savanne (landschap)">savanne</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kwelder" title="Kwelder">schor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Steppe" title="Steppe">steppe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Struiklaag" title="Struiklaag">struiklaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Struweel" title="Struweel">struweel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Successie_(ecologie)" title="Successie (ecologie)">successie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Syntaxon" title="Syntaxon">syntaxon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Syntaxonomie" title="Syntaxonomie">syntaxonomie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatieschaal_van_Tansley" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegetatieschaal van Tansley">Tansley (methode)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Toendra" title="Toendra">toendra</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tropisch_regenwoud" title="Tropisch regenwoud">tropisch regenwoud</a> · <a href="/wiki/Trouw_(vegetatiekunde)" title="Trouw (vegetatiekunde)">trouw</a> · <a href="/wiki/Veen_(grondsoort)" title="Veen (grondsoort)">veen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatie" title="Vegetatie">vegetatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatielaag" title="Vegetatielaag">vegetatielaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatieopname" title="Vegetatieopname">vegetatieopname</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatiestructuur" title="Vegetatiestructuur">vegetatiestructuur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantengemeenschap" title="Plantengemeenschap">vegetatietype</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vergrassing" title="Vergrassing">vergrassing</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verlanding" title="Verlanding">verlanding</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="background-color: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b><a href="/wiki/Idiobotanie" title="Idiobotanie">Idiobotanie</a></b> (planten onder gecontroleerde omstandigheden)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:19em;"></td><td class="rechts"></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantenmorfologie" title="Plantenmorfologie">Plantenmorfologie</a> & <a href="/wiki/Plantenanatomie" title="Plantenanatomie">-anatomie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Beschrijvende_plantkunde" title="Beschrijvende plantkunde">beschrijvende plantkunde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Adventief_(morfologie)" title="Adventief (morfologie)">adventief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Apoplast" title="Apoplast">apoplast</a> · <a href="/wiki/Blad_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blad (hoofdbetekenis)">blad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chloroplast" title="Chloroplast">bladgroenkorrel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fyllotaxis" title="Fyllotaxis">bladstand</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bloeiwijze" title="Bloeiwijze">bloeiwijze</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bloem_(plant)" title="Bloem (plant)">bloem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kroonblad" title="Kroonblad">bloemkroon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kroon_(plant)" title="Kroon (plant)">boomkruin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Celwand" title="Celwand">celwand</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chloroplast" title="Chloroplast">chloroplast</a> · <a href="/wiki/Collenchym" title="Collenchym">collenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Schors" title="Schors">cortex</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cuticula_(planten)" title="Cuticula (planten)">cuticula</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eicel" title="Eicel">eicel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Epidermis" title="Epidermis">epidermis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurk_(weefsel)" title="Kurk (weefsel)">felleem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurkcambium" title="Kurkcambium">fellogeen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurkschors" title="Kurkschors">felloderm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fenologie" title="Fenologie">fenologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Flo%C3%ABem" title="Floëem">floëem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beschrijvende_plantkunde" title="Beschrijvende plantkunde">fytografie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gameet" title="Gameet">gameet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gametofyt" title="Gametofyt">gametofyt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Groeivorm" title="Groeivorm">groeivorm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Haar_(plant)" title="Haar (plant)">haar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Houtvat" title="Houtvat">houtvat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Huidmondje" title="Huidmondje">huidmondje</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hypodermis" title="Hypodermis">hypodermis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intercellulaire_ruimte" title="Intercellulaire ruimte">intercellulair</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intercellulaire_ruimte" title="Intercellulaire ruimte">intercellulaire ruimte</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kelk_(bloem)" title="Kelk (bloem)">kelk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kroonblad" title="Kroonblad">kroonblad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurk_(weefsel)" title="Kurk (weefsel)">kurk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurkcambium" title="Kurkcambium">kurkcambium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurkschors" title="Kurkschors">kurkschors</a> · <a href="/wiki/Levensduur_(plant)" title="Levensduur (plant)">levensduur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Levensvorm" title="Levensvorm">levensvorm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Merg_(plant)" title="Merg (plant)">merg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Meristeem" title="Meristeem">meristeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Middenlamel" title="Middenlamel">middenlamel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Palissadeparenchym" title="Palissadeparenchym">palissadeparenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Parenchym_(plantkunde)" title="Parenchym (plantkunde)">parenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Periderm_(plant)" title="Periderm (plant)">periderm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantaardige_cel" title="Plantaardige cel">plantaardige cel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plastide" title="Plastide">plastide</a> · <a href="/wiki/Schors" title="Schors">schors</a> · <a href="/wiki/Steencel" title="Steencel">sclereïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sclerenchym" title="Sclerenchym">sclerenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadcel" title="Zaadcel">spermatozoïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sponsparenchym" title="Sponsparenchym">sponsparenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporofyt" title="Sporofyt">sporofyt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stam_(plant)" title="Stam (plant)">stam</a> · <a href="/wiki/Steencel" title="Steencel">steencel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stengel" title="Stengel">stengel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stippel" title="Stippel">stippel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Symplast" title="Symplast">symplast</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tak_(plant)" title="Tak (plant)">tak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Thallus" title="Thallus">thallus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Topmeristeem" title="Topmeristeem">topmeristeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Houtvat" title="Houtvat">trachee</a> · <a href="/wiki/Trache%C3%AFde" title="Tracheïde">tracheïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Thyllen" title="Thyllen">thyllen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vaatbundel" title="Vaatbundel">vaatbundel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vacuole" title="Vacuole">vacuole</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vrucht_(plant)" title="Vrucht (plant)">vrucht</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wortel_(plant)" title="Wortel (plant)">wortel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Xyleem" title="Xyleem">xyleem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaad_(plant)" title="Zaad (plant)">zaad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadcel" title="Zaadcel">zaadcel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Flo%C3%ABem" title="Floëem">zeefvat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zygote" title="Zygote">zygote</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantenfysiologie" title="Plantenfysiologie">Plantenfysiologie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Ademhaling_(plant)" title="Ademhaling (plant)">ademhaling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bladzuigkracht" title="Bladzuigkracht">bladzuigkracht</a> · <a href="/wiki/Evapotranspiratie" title="Evapotranspiratie">evapotranspiratie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fotoperiodiciteit" title="Fotoperiodiciteit">fotoperiodiciteit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fotosynthese" title="Fotosynthese">fotosynthese</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fototropie" title="Fototropie">fototropie </a> · <a href="/wiki/Fytochemie" title="Fytochemie">fytochemie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gaswisseling" title="Gaswisseling">gaswisseling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Geotropie" title="Geotropie">geotropie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Heliotropisme" title="Heliotropisme">heliotropisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nastie" title="Nastie">nastie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantenfysiologie" title="Plantenfysiologie">plantenfysiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantenhormoon" title="Plantenhormoon">plantenhormoon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rubisco" title="Rubisco">rubisco</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stikstoffixatie" title="Stikstoffixatie">stikstoffixatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stratificatie_(botanie)" title="Stratificatie (botanie)">stratificatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Transpiratie_(biologie)" title="Transpiratie (biologie)">transpiratie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turgordruk" title="Turgordruk">turgordruk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vernalisatie" title="Vernalisatie">vernalisatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Winterhard" title="Winterhard">winterhard</a> · <a href="/wiki/Worteldruk" title="Worteldruk">worteldruk</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Systematiek_(biologie)" title="Systematiek (biologie)">Plantensystematiek</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomie_(biologie)" title="Taxonomie (biologie)">taxonomie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Botanische_nomenclatuur" title="Botanische nomenclatuur">botanische nomenclatuur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Group" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Group">Angiosperm Phylogeny Group</a> · <a href="/wiki/APG-systeem" title="APG-systeem">APG I-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/APG_II-systeem" title="APG II-systeem">APG II-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/APG_III-systeem" title="APG III-systeem">APG III-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/APG_IV-systeem" title="APG IV-systeem">APG IV-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Algen" title="Algen">algen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Botanische_naam" title="Botanische naam">botanische naam</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cladistiek" title="Cladistiek">cladistiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">Cormophyta</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cryptogamen" title="Cryptogamen">cryptogamen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Classificatie" title="Classificatie">classificatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">embryophyta</a> · <a href="/wiki/Endosymbiontentheorie" title="Endosymbiontentheorie">endosymbiontentheorie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Endosymbiose" title="Endosymbiose">endosymbiose</a> · <a href="/wiki/Evolutie_(biologie)" title="Evolutie (biologie)">evolutie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadplanten" title="Zaadplanten">fanerogamen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fylogenie" title="Fylogenie">fylogenie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Generatiewisseling" title="Generatiewisseling">generatiewisseling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Groenwieren" title="Groenwieren">groenwieren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hauwmossen" title="Hauwmossen">hauwmossen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kernfasewisseling" title="Kernfasewisseling">kernfasewisseling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Korstmos" title="Korstmos">korstmossen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kranswieren" title="Kranswieren">kranswieren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">landplanten</a> · <a href="/wiki/Levenscyclus_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Levenscyclus (hoofdbetekenis)">levenscyclus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Levermossen" title="Levermossen">levermossen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mossen" title="Mossen">mossen</a> · <a href="/wiki/PPG_I-systeem" title="PPG I-systeem">PPG I-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pteridophyte_Phylogeny_Group" title="Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group">Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group</a> · <a href="/wiki/Roodwieren" title="Roodwieren">roodwieren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Varens" title="Varens">varens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadplanten" title="Zaadplanten">zaadplanten</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zeewier" title="Zeewier">zeewier</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="background-color: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b>Overig</b></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:19em;"></td><td class="rechts"></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantkunde#Bijzondere_plantkunde" title="Plantkunde">Bijzondere plantkunde</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Fycologie" title="Fycologie">algologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bryologie" title="Bryologie">bryologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dendrologie" title="Dendrologie">dendrologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fycologie" title="Fycologie">fycologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lichenologie" title="Lichenologie">lichenologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mycologie" title="Mycologie">mycologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Varens" title="Varens">pteridologie</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&oldid=64590242">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geobotanie&oldid=64590242</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Vegetatiekunde" title="Categorie:Vegetatiekunde">Vegetatiekunde</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Plantengeografie" 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