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Gladiolas — Vikipēdija

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data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Galvenā izvēlne</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigācija </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81kumlapa" title="Iet uz sākumlapu [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Sākumlapa</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" 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id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Izskats" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Izskats</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=lv" class=""><span>Ziedojumi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=Gladiolas" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti." class=""><span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=Gladiolas" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Vairāk iespēju" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dalībnieka rīki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dalībnieka izvēlne" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=lv"><span>Ziedojumi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=Gladiolas" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=Gladiolas" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Lapas redaktoriem, kuri nav pieslēgušies <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Ievads" aria-label="Uzzini vairāk par rediģēšanu"><span>uzzināt vairāk</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="Labojumi, kas veikti no šīs IP adreses [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Devums</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Diskusija par labojumiem, kas izdarīti no šīs IP adreses [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusijas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vietne"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Saturs" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Saturs</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sākums</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimoloģija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimoloģija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimoloģija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimoloģija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietas_un_augsnes_izvēle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietas_un_augsnes_izvēle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vietas un augsnes izvēle</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vietas_un_augsnes_izvēle-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Pārslēgt Vietas un augsnes izvēle apakšsadaļu</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vietas_un_augsnes_izvēle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vietas_izvēle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietas_izvēle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Vietas izvēle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietas_izvēle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Augsnes_izvēle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Augsnes_izvēle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Augsnes izvēle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Augsnes_izvēle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stādīšana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stādīšana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Stādīšana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stādīšana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kopšana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kopšana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kopšana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kopšana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Slimības_un_kaitēkļi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slimības_un_kaitēkļi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Slimības un kaitēkļi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Slimības_un_kaitēkļi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Pārslēgt Slimības un kaitēkļi apakšsadaļu</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Slimības_un_kaitēkļi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kaitēkļi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaitēkļi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Kaitēkļi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaitēkļi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sprakšķu_kāpuri_—_drātstārpi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sprakšķu_kāpuri_—_drātstārpi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Sprakšķu kāpuri — drātstārpi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sprakšķu_kāpuri_—_drātstārpi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tripsis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tripsis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Tripsis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tripsis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pūcīšu_kāpuri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pūcīšu_kāpuri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>Pūcīšu kāpuri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pūcīšu_kāpuri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Slimības" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slimības"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Slimības</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slimības-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atsauces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atsauces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Atsauces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atsauces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatūra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatūra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Literatūra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatūra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ārējās_saites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ārējās_saites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Ārējās saites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ārējās_saites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Saturs" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pārslēgt satura rādītāju" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pārslēgt satura rādītāju</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gladiolas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pāriet uz rakstu citā valodā. Pieejams 83 valodās" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 valodas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AB" title="دلبوث – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دلبوث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AB" title="دلبوث – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دلبوث" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – astūriešu" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astūriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qladiolus" title="Qladiolus – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qladiolus" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3" title="قلادیولوس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قلادیولوس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B9%D2%99%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%A9%D0%BB" title="Бойҙагөл – baškīru" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бойҙагөл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškīru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glad%C4%97juol%C4%97" title="Gladėjuolė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Gladėjuolė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81" title="Гладыёлус – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гладыёлус" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гладиола – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гладиола" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="গ্ল্যাডিওলাস – bengāļu" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্ল্যাডিওলাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – bosniešu" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiol" title="Gladiol – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gladiol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – sebuāņu" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebuāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%8D%C3%ADk" title="Mečík – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mečík" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladi%C3%B3la" title="Gladióla – kašubu" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Gladióla" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kašubu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%8Bdam" title="Paŋdam – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Paŋdam" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolen" title="Gladiolen – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gladiolen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B1" title="Γλαδιόλα – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλαδιόλα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolo" title="Gladiolo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gladiolo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="labs raksts"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiool" title="Gladiool – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gladiool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezpata-lore" title="Ezpata-lore – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ezpata-lore" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84" title="گلایول – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گلایول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miekkaliljat" title="Miekkaliljat – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Miekkaliljat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gla%C3%AFeul" title="Glaïeul – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Glaïeul" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladioolen" title="Gladioolen – ziemeļfrīzu" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Gladioolen" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ziemeļfrīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaid%C3%ADolas" title="Glaidíolas – īru" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Glaidíolas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="īru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glad%C3%ADolo" title="Gladíolo – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gladíolo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9F" title="סייפן – ivrits" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סייפן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8" title="ग्लेडियोलस – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्लेडियोलस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiola" title="Gladiola – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gladiola" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mje%C4%8Dik" title="Mječik – augšsorbu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Mječik" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="augšsorbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardvir%C3%A1g" title="Kardvirág – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kardvirág" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Թրաշուշան – armēņu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թրաշուշան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakung_pedang" title="Bakung pedang – indonēziešu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bakung pedang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolo" title="Gladiolo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gladiolo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B8%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9" title="グラジオラス – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グラジオラス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="ხმალა – gruzīnu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხმალა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagertilt_wuccen" title="Tagertilt wuccen – kabilu" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tagertilt wuccen" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81" title="Гладиолус – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гладиолус" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%80%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%94%EC%98%AC%EB%9F%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="글라디올러스 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="글라디올러스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giha%C5%9Fim%C5%9F%C3%AEr" title="Gihaşimşîr – kurdu" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gihaşimşîr" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%81" title="Гладилоус – kirgīzu" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гладилоус" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – latīņu" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latīņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolo" title="Gladiolo – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Gladiolo" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardelis" title="Kardelis – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kardelis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladi%C3%B4la" title="Gladiôla – malagasu" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Gladiôla" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гладиола – maķedoniešu" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гладиола" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="maķedoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഗ്ലാഡിയോലസ് – malajalu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്ലാഡിയോലസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Арилд – mongoļu" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Арилд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="သစ္စာပန်း – birmiešu" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သစ္စာပန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B5" title="Сабля тикше – erzju" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Сабля тикше" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolusslekta" title="Gladiolusslekta – jaunnorvēģu" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gladiolusslekta" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="jaunnorvēģu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolussu" title="Gladiolussu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Gladiolussu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Гацъар – osetīnu" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Гацъар" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B8" title="ਗਲੈਡੀਓਲਸ – pandžabu" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਲੈਡੀਓਲਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mieczyk" title="Mieczyk – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mieczyk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%A7_%D9%BE%DA%BE%D9%84" title="سٹا پھل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سٹا پھل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Шпажник – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шпажник" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – skotu" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiola" title="Gladiola – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gladiola" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гладиола – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гладиола" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolsl%C3%A4ktet" title="Gladiolsläktet – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gladiolsläktet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiola" title="Gladiola – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Gladiola" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="గ్లాడియోలస్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గ్లాడియోలస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%91%D2%9B%D1%83%D1%82" title="Гули ёқут – tadžiku" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гули ёқут" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="แกลดิโอลัส – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แกลดิโอลัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Косарики (ботаніка) – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Косарики (ботаніка)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi_Lay_%C6%A1n" title="Chi Lay ơn – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chi Lay ơn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus – varaju" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Gladiolus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%90%E8%8F%96%E8%92%B2%E5%B1%9E" title="唐菖蒲属 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="唐菖蒲属" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%90%E8%8F%96%E8%92%B2%E5%B1%9E" title="唐菖蒲属 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="唐菖蒲属" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E8%98%AD" title="劍蘭 – kantoniešu" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="劍蘭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q156207#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Labot starpvalodu saites" class="wbc-editpage">Labot saites</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vārdtelpas"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gladiolas" title="Apskatīt rakstu [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Raksts</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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grāmatu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Gladiolas&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Lejupielādēt kā PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;printable=yes" title="Drukājama lapas versija [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukājama versija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Citos projektos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" hreflang="en"><span>Vikikrātuve</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gladiolus" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q156207" title="Saistītais Vikidatu ieraksts [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ieraksts Vikidatos</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lapas rīki"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izskats</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipēdijas lapa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lv" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em;width:26em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">Gladiolas<br /><i>Gladiolus</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<i><a href="/wiki/K%C4%81rlis_Linnejs" title="Kārlis Linnejs">Linnaeus</a></i>)</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Gladiolus_7-19-06.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Gladiolas"><img alt="Gladiolas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Gladiolus_7-19-06.JPG/250px-Gladiolus_7-19-06.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Gladiolus_7-19-06.JPG/375px-Gladiolus_7-19-06.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Gladiolus_7-19-06.JPG/500px-Gladiolus_7-19-06.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span><div>Gladiolas</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background-color:#90EE90;"><a href="/wiki/Organismu_klasifik%C4%81cija" title="Organismu klasifikācija">Klasifikācija</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Valsts_(biolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Valsts (bioloģija)">Valsts</a></th><td><span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Augi" title="Augi">Augi</a></span> (<i>Plantae</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Nodal%C4%ABjums_(bot%C4%81nika)" title="Nodalījums (botānika)">Nodalījums</a></th><td><span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Segs%C4%93k%C4%BCi" title="Segsēkļi">Segsēkļi</a></span> (<i>Angiospermae</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Klase_(biolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Klase (bioloģija)">Klase</a></th><td><span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Viend%C4%ABg%C4%BClapji" title="Viendīgļlapji">Viendīgļlapji</a></span> (<i>Liliopsida</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Rinda_(bot%C4%81nika)" title="Rinda (botānika)">Rinda</a></th><td><span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spar%C4%A3e%C4%BCu_rinda&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sparģeļu rinda (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Sparģeļu rinda</a></span> (<i>Asparagales</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Dzimta_(biolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Dzimta (bioloģija)">Dzimta</a></th><td><span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skalbju_dzimta&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Skalbju dzimta (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Skalbju dzimta</a></span> (<i>Iridaceae</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Apak%C5%A1dzimta" class="mw-redirect" title="Apakšdzimta">Apakšdzimta</a></th><td><span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krokusveid%C4%ABgie&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Krokusveidīgie (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Krokusveidīgie</a></span> (<i>Ixioideae</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%C4%A2ints_(biolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Ģints (bioloģija)">Ģints</a></th><td><span style="font-weight:bold;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gladiolas</a></span> (<i>Gladiolus</i>)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:center; font-size: 110%; background-color:#white; color:black; border: 1px solid #90EE90; padding: 2px; margin-top: 4px"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gladiolus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gladiolus">Gladiolas Vikikrātuvē</a></b></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gladiolas</b> (<i>Gladiolus</i>) ir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skalbju_dzimta&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Skalbju dzimta (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">skalbju dzimtas</a> (<i>Iridaceae</i>) augi. Pēc uzbūves augu iedala divās daļās: pazemes daļa, ko veido <a href="/wiki/Bumbu%C4%BCs%C4%ABpols" title="Bumbuļsīpols">bumbuļsīpols</a>, un virszemes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vasa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vasa (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">vasa</a>. </p><p>Virszemes daļa ir <a href="/wiki/Stumbrs" title="Stumbrs">stumbrs</a> ar lapām, ziednesis, <a href="/wiki/Ziedkopa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ziedkopa">ziedkopa</a> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C4%81rpa_(ziedkopa)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vārpa (ziedkopa) (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">vārpa</a> ar ziediem. Stumbrs ir nezarots, stāvs, <a href="/wiki/Lapa" class="mw-disambig" title="Lapa">lapas</a> zobenveida, lancetiskas vai lineāras, divpusēji aptver stumbru. <a href="/wiki/Zieds" title="Zieds">Ziedi</a> piltuvveida, augšējā daļā paplašināti, divdzimumu. </p><p>Gladiolām attīstās bumbuļsīpoli, ieapaļas formas, ietverti zvīņlapās, viengadīgi. Pēc iestādīšanas bumbuļsīpolam attīstās saknes un asni — vasa. Vasas pamatnes pārveidnes rezultātā veidojas vilcējsaknes un vairsīpoliņi. Vairsīpoliņu skaits ir atkarīgs no iestādītā bumbuļsīpola vecuma stadijas, stādīšanas dziļuma, agrotehnikas un <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0%C4%B7irne" title="Šķirne">šķirnes</a> īpatnībām. </p><p>Gladiolu ģintī ietilpst aptuveni 260 <a href="/wiki/Suga" title="Suga">sugas</a>. Aptuveni 250 no šī sugām dabiskais <a href="/wiki/Izplat%C4%ABbas_are%C4%81ls" title="Izplatības areāls">izplatības areāls</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Subsah%C4%81ras_%C4%80frika" title="Subsahāras Āfrika">Subsahāras Āfrika</a>, galvenokārt <a href="/wiki/Dienvid%C4%81frika_(re%C4%A3ions)" title="Dienvidāfrika (reģions)">Dienvidāfrikas reģions</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimoloģija"><span id="Etimolo.C4.A3ija"></span>Etimoloģija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Labot sadaļu: Etimoloģija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Etimoloģija"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gladiolu nosaukums ir radies no <a href="/wiki/Lat%C4%AB%C5%86u_valoda" title="Latīņu valoda">latīņu vārda</a> <i>gladius</i>, kas nozīmē ‘<a href="/wiki/Zobens" title="Zobens">zobens</a>’. Gladiolām ir zobenveida <a href="/wiki/Lapas" title="Lapas">lapas</a>. Tālā senatnē gladiolas zobenveida lapu dēļ uzskatīja par <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C4%AB%C5%86a_(konflikts)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cīņa (konflikts) (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">cīņu</a> un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uzvara_(sasniegums)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Uzvara (sasniegums) (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">uzvaru</a> simbolu, bet bumbuļsīpoliem piedēvēja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bru%C5%86as&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruņas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">bruņu</a> spēku, kas aizsargā karavīrus no pretinieka ieročiem. Šo īpašību dēļ cilšu karos bieži vien karavīri ņēma sev līdz bumbuļsīpolus kā <a href="/wiki/Laime" title="Laime">laimes</a> amuletus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vietas_un_augsnes_izvēle"><span id="Vietas_un_augsnes_izv.C4.93le"></span>Vietas un augsnes izvēle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Labot sadaļu: Vietas un augsnes izvēle" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Vietas un augsnes izvēle"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vietas_izvēle"><span id="Vietas_izv.C4.93le"></span>Vietas izvēle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Labot sadaļu: Vietas izvēle" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Vietas izvēle"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Pink_Gladiolus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Pink_Gladiolus.jpg/175px-Pink_Gladiolus.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Pink_Gladiolus.jpg/263px-Pink_Gladiolus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Pink_Gladiolus.jpg/350px-Pink_Gladiolus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2505" data-file-height="3757" /></a><figcaption>Rozā gladiola</figcaption></figure> <p>Liela nozīme gladiolu audzēšanā ir pareizas vietas izvēlei, vietai jābūt saulainai visu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ve%C4%A3et%C4%81cijas_periods&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Veģetācijas periods (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">veģetācijas periodu</a>. Viena no raksturīgākajām gladiolu īpašībām ir paaugstināta prasība pēc <a href="/wiki/Gaisma" title="Gaisma">gaismas</a>, pietiekama augsnes mitruma un barības vielām. </p><p>Augsnei ir jābūt ar labu gaisa caurlaidību. Vietu ieteicams izvēlēties ar 1-3° slīpumu uz dienvidiem.<sup id="cite_ref-Augsne_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Augsne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Šādās vietās augsne ātrāk sasilst, bet mitrās, lietainās vasarās stādījumi necieš no pārlieka mitruma. </p><p>Gladiolu stādījumiem nav ieteicamas vietas ar pārāk lielu slīpumu, jo tās neveicina ūdens iesūkšanos augsnē. Pilnīgi nepiemērotas gladiolu audzēšanai ir vietas ar ieplakām, kas veicina lieka mitruma sakrāšanos, augsnes sablīvēšanos un gaisa necaurlaidību. </p><p>Lai gladiolas labi augtu, vietai jābūt ar labu gaisa cirkulāciju. Nedrīkst izvēlēties tādu vietu, kas no visām pusēm ierobežota ar kokiem vai ēkām. Gaisa cirkulācijas ierobežotības dēļ šādās vietās gladiolu stādījumos strauji izplatās slimības un kaitēkļi. </p><p>Ja gladiolas stāda lielu koku tuvumā vai daļēji citādi noēnotās vietās, augi izstīdzē, aizkavējas ziedēšana, ziedu kvalitāte samazinās, bumbuļsīpoli nenobriest un ziemā uzglabāšanas periodā daļa aiziet bojā. Vairsīpoliņu skaits ir daudz mazāks. Ēnainās vietās audzētās gladiolas slimo, tās biežāk bojā kaitēkļi. Gladiolu stādījumi, kas atrodas koku tuvumā, cieš arī no sausuma. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Augsnes_izvēle"><span id="Augsnes_izv.C4.93le"></span>Augsnes izvēle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Labot sadaļu: Augsnes izvēle" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Augsnes izvēle"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Augsne" title="Augsne">Augsnes</a> ziņā gladiolas nav izvēlīgas. Tās var audzēt jebkurā labi sagatavotā iemēslotā dārza augsnē. Vispiemērotākās ir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smil%C5%A1m%C4%81ls&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Smilšmāls (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">smilšmāla</a>, ar trūdvielām bagātas irdenas augsnes. Svarīgi ir uzturēt gladiolām atbilstošu augsnes reakciju. Vispiemērotākais augsnes skābums (<a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a>) ir 5,5-6,5. Gladiolu augšana, ziedēšana, bumbuļsīpolu un vairsīpoliņu nobriešana ir atkarīga no pareizas vietas un augsnes izvēles, kā arī no <a href="/wiki/Agrotehnika" title="Agrotehnika">agrotehnikas</a>. </p><p>Izvēloties augsni, jāņem vērā, lai tajā vismaz piecus gadus nebūtu augušas gladiolas. Slimību izraisītājas <a href="/wiki/Bakt%C4%93rijas" title="Baktērijas">baktērijas</a> un sēņu <a href="/wiki/Sporas" title="Sporas">sporas</a> saglabājas augsnē vairākus gadus un var kļūt par jaunu slimību izcelšanās perēkli, iestādot tur gladiolas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stādīšana"><span id="St.C4.81d.C4.AB.C5.A1ana"></span>Stādīšana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Labot sadaļu: Stādīšana" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Stādīšana"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Gladioli_bulbs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gladioli_bulbs.jpg/200px-Gladioli_bulbs.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gladioli_bulbs.jpg/300px-Gladioli_bulbs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gladioli_bulbs.jpg/400px-Gladioli_bulbs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Gladiolu bumbuļsīpoli</figcaption></figure> <p>Lai gladiolu bumbuļsīpoli varētu augt un attīstīties, tiem jāiziet miera periods, kas ir no 60 līdz 100 dienām.<sup id="cite_ref-Kew_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kew-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Stādīšanu uzsāk <a href="/wiki/Apr%C4%ABlis" title="Aprīlis">aprīļa</a> otrajā pusē. Stādīšanas laikā augsnei jābūt sasilušai līdz 10°C. </p><p>Stādīšanas dziļumu nosaka pēc bumuļsīpolu lieluma un augsnes struktūras. Pirmās lieluma grupas bumbuļsīpolus smagās ielabotās augsnēs stāda augstās dobēs vai vagu skaustos 5—8 cm dziļi, otrās un trešās lieluma grupas bumbuļsīpolus stāda nedaudz seklāk, lai saknēm vairāk piekļūtu gaiss un tās neciestu no pārāk liela mitruma. Nokrišņiem bagātās vasarās, ja iestādītie bumbuļsīpoli ilgāku laiku atrodas pārāk mitrā augsnē, gaisa piekļuve sakņu sistēmai tiek traucēta, un vide kļūst par sēņu izraisītas puves attīstības veicinātāju. Padziļinājumam starp dobēm un vagu pacēlumiem jābūt ne seklākiem kā 10—15 cm.<sup id="cite_ref-Stadišana_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stadišana-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vispiemērotākais dobju platums ir 1 m, atstarpes starp dobēm (celiņi, vagas) 60 cm platas. Pirmās lieluma grupas bumbuļsīpolu stādīšanas atstatums starp rindām 25 cm, bet starp augiem 10—15 cm. Dobēs uz vienu m<sup>2</sup> izstāda apmēram 35 pirmās lieluma grupas bumbuļsīpolus. Stādot otrās lieluma grupas bumbuļsīpolus, atstarpes starp rindām samazina līdz 20 cm, bet starp augiem 8—10 cm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kopšana"><span id="Kop.C5.A1ana"></span>Kopšana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Labot sadaļu: Kopšana" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Kopšana"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kopšanas darbi jāuzsāk tūlīt pēc bumbuļsīpolu iestādīšanas. Augsnei jābūt vienmēr irdenai un pietiekami mitrai, tīrai no nezālēm. Ziedkopu attīstības periodā gladiolas jāpiesien pie matiņiem vai jānostiepj auklas <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ahs" title="Šahs">šaha galdiņa</a> veidā apmēram 50—100 cm augstumā, lai gladiolas varētu atbalstīties. Gladiolu nostiprināšanai pret iespējamu nolūšanu vai izgāšanos noder arī <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvejnieku_t%C4%ABkls&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Zvejnieku tīkls (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">zvejnieku tīkli</a>, kuru acu lielums ir 10 cm un vairāk. Tīklu uzstiepj apmēram 50—60 cm augstu virs dobēm. Bieži vien vārpas attīstības periodā veidojas vārpas atzarojumi (mazāka izmēra vārpas), kas stipri samazina <a href="/wiki/Ziedkopa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ziedkopa">ziedkopas</a> kvalitāti. Vārpu atzarojumi jāizlauž to attīstības sākumā. Kopšanas darbos savlaicīgi ietilpst arī veco, noziedējušo ziedu novākšana un ziedkopu nogriešana vai izlaušana. Ziedkopa pēc noziedēšanas jānogriež, lai nesāktu veidoties <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poga%C4%BCa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pogaļa (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">pogaļas</a>, kas traucē pilnvērtīgu aizvietotājbumbuļsīpolu izveidošanos un nobriešanu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Slimības_un_kaitēkļi"><span id="Slim.C4.ABbas_un_kait.C4.93k.C4.BCi"></span>Slimības un kaitēkļi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Labot sadaļu: Slimības un kaitēkļi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Slimības un kaitēkļi"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gladiolu var uzskatīt kā samērā kaprīzu kultūraugu, kura vietējo dabas apstākļu ietekmē ir pakļauta <a href="/wiki/Augu_slim%C4%ABba" class="mw-redirect" title="Augu slimība">slimību</a> un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kait%C4%93k%C4%BCi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaitēkļi (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">kaitēkļu</a> uzbrukumiem.<sup id="cite_ref-kaitekli_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kaitekli-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaitēkļi"><span id="Kait.C4.93k.C4.BCi"></span>Kaitēkļi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Labot sadaļu: Kaitēkļi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Kaitēkļi"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sprakšķu_kāpuri_—_drātstārpi"><span id="Sprak.C5.A1.C4.B7u_k.C4.81puri_.E2.80.94_dr.C4.81tst.C4.81rpi"></span>Sprakšķu kāpuri — drātstārpi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Labot sadaļu: Sprakšķu kāpuri — drātstārpi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Sprakšķu kāpuri — drātstārpi"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Coleoptera_larvae_(ritnaalden).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coleoptera_larvae_%28ritnaalden%29.jpg/200px-Coleoptera_larvae_%28ritnaalden%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coleoptera_larvae_%28ritnaalden%29.jpg/300px-Coleoptera_larvae_%28ritnaalden%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coleoptera_larvae_%28ritnaalden%29.jpg/400px-Coleoptera_larvae_%28ritnaalden%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1916" data-file-height="1476" /></a><figcaption>Drātstārpi</figcaption></figure> <p>Nepatīkami kaitēkļi ir <a href="/wiki/Sprak%C5%A1%C4%B7i" title="Sprakšķi">sprakšķu</a> kāpuri, ko parasti saucam par <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dr%C4%81tst%C4%81rpi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Drātstārpi (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">drātstārpiem</a>. Vairojas <a href="/wiki/Nez%C4%81les" title="Nezāles">nezāļainos</a> laukos. Ja gladiolas iestāda augsnē, kurā ir sprakšķu kāpuri, tie vispirms iegraužas gladiolu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asns&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Asns (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">asnos</a>, bojā lapas, vēlāk iegraužas jaunajos bumbuļsīpolos. Bojātās vietas parasti inficējas ar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kraupis&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kraupis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">kraupi</a>. Pat daži drātstārpi uz kvadrātmetru var pilnībā iznīcināt vairsīpoliņu stādījumus.<sup title="Nepieciešama atsauce">[<a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Atsauces" title="Vikipēdija:Atsauces"><i>nepieciešama&#160;atsauce</i></a>]</sup> Efektīvu apkarošanas līdzekļu nav. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tripsis">Tripsis</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Labot sadaļu: Tripsis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Tripsis"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lielākais gladiolu kaitēklis ir <a href="/wiki/Trip%C5%A1u_k%C4%81rta" title="Tripšu kārta">tripsis</a>. Tas ir sīks kukainītis, parasti 1—2 mm garš, kas veģetācijas periodā bojā gan vārpu, gan ziedus, kā arī glabāšanas laikā sūc sīpolu sulu. Sausas un karstas vasaras ir tripšu paradīze un tie spēj pārlidot līdz pat 800 m lielu attālumu. Tripši ir izvēlīgi, un ne visas šķirnes bojā vienādi. Tripsis aktivizējas, ja glabāšanas temperatūra pārsniedz +10 grādus. Pie pareizas (+5) temperatūras <a href="/wiki/Kukai%C5%86i" title="Kukaiņi">kukainis</a> nav aktīvs. Bumbuļsīpoli tiek novājināti, un var pat aiziet bojā. Ja nekas netiek darīts, tad rudenī nav ziedu, bet pavasarī sīpoliņu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pūcīšu_kāpuri"><span id="P.C5.ABc.C4.AB.C5.A1u_k.C4.81puri"></span>Pūcīšu kāpuri</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Labot sadaļu: Pūcīšu kāpuri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Pūcīšu kāpuri"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gladiolas mēdz bojāt <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C5%ABc%C4%ABtes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pūcītes (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">pūcīšu</a> kāpuri. Tie ir mīksti, resni, zaļgani, zaļganbrūni vai brūni pelēki kāpuri, kuri bojā arī <a href="/wiki/Kartupelis" title="Kartupelis">kartupeļus</a>. Parasti apgrauž gladiolu lapas augsnes virskārtā. Sevišķi bīstami vairsīpoliņu stādījumos. Vienkāršākais apkarošanas paņēmiens — tos izķert. Ja tiek pamanīts, ka pēkšņi kāda gladiolu lapa nograuzta, jāparauš zemi tajā vietā. Bieži vien grauzējs turpat vien ir. Ar <a href="/wiki/K%C5%ABdra" title="Kūdra">kūdru</a> mulčētos stādījumos tos var atrast kūdras kārtiņā. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Slimības"><span id="Slim.C4.ABbas"></span>Slimības</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Labot sadaļu: Slimības" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Slimības"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolu_bakteri%C4%81lais_kraupis&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gladiolu bakteriālais kraupis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Gladiolu bakteriālo kraupi</a> ierosina baktērija <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudomonas_marginata&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudomonas marginata (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Pseudomonas marginata</a></i> (Mc Cull.)Stapp. Veģetācijas periodā uz lapām veidojas sīki brūngansarkani plankumi, kas pārsvarā atrodas uz lapu pamatnēm. Lapas augšpusē dzeltē. Pieturoties mitram laikam, stumbrs pie pamatnes pūst. Izrokot bumbuļsīpolus, uz to zvīņām saskatāmi it kā <a href="/wiki/Apdegums" title="Apdegums">apdeguma</a> plankumi. Atbilstoši slimības attīstības pakāpei tie ir ieapaļas formas tumši brūni, iegrimuši koncentriski plankumi, kas pārklāti ar caurspīdīgiem bezkrāsainiem vai dzeltenbrūniem baktēriju izdalījumiem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Atsauces">Atsauces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Labot sadaļu: Atsauces" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Atsauces"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Augsne-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Augsne_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161215123705/http://www.gladiolus.lv/glad_padomi.htm#Kā">«<i>Gladiolus</i>»</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a>: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</i>. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gladiolus.lv/glad_padomi.htm#Kā">izvēlēties vietu un augsni gladiolu audzēšanai oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2016.&#160;gada 15.&#160;decembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 10. aprīlis</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kew-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kew_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161215123705/http://www.gladiolus.lv/glad_padomi.htm#Kā">«<i>Gladiolus</i>»</a>. <i>Laura: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</i>. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gladiolus.lv/glad_padomi.htm#Kā">izvēlēties vietu un augsni gladiolu audzēšanai oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2016.&#160;gada 15.&#160;decembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2016. gada 17. decembris</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stadišana-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Stadišana_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.delfi.lv/majadarzs/pagalms/daildarzs/ka-pareizi-stadit-un-kopt-gladiolas.d?id=3893246">«<i>Gladiolus</i>»</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a>: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 10. aprīlis</span>.</span><sup title="Novecojusi saite">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Link rot">novecojusi&#160;saite</a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kaitekli-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-kaitekli_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201008175820/https://sites.google.com/site/gladioludarzs/slimibas-un-kaitekli">«Arhivēta kopija»</a>. <i>Laura: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</i>. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/gladioludarzs/slimibas-un-kaitekli">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2020.&#160;gada 8.&#160;oktobrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2016.&#160;gada 18.&#160;decembrī</span>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatūra"><span id="Literat.C5.ABra"></span>Literatūra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Labot sadaļu: Literatūra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Literatūra"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ā.Zorgevics, P. u. ct. <i>Gladiolas</i> I. Rīga. 1979.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ārējās_saites"><span id=".C4.80r.C4.93j.C4.81s_saites"></span>Ārējās saites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Labot sadaļu: Ārējās saites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladiolas&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ārējās saites"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata mbox-small plainlinks" style="border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami multivides faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gladiolus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gladiolus">gladiolas</a></b></i></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170921000353/http://www.mammamuntetiem.lv/articles/17553/interesanti-gladiolu-izcelsme-un-izmantosana-arstnieciba/">«Interesanti: gladiolu izcelsme un izmantošana ārstniecībā»</a>. mammamuntetiem.lv. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mammamuntetiem.lv/articles/17553/interesanti-gladiolu-izcelsme-un-izmantosana-arstnieciba/">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2017.&#160;gada 21.&#160;septembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2016.&#160;gada 18.&#160;decembrī</span>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201008175815/https://sites.google.com/site/gladioludarzs/home">«Gladiolu dārzs»</a>. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/gladioludarzs/home">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2020.&#160;gada 8.&#160;oktobrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2016.&#160;gada 18.&#160;decembrī</span>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pinterest.com/kjhine/gladiolus/">«1000+ images about Gladiolus on Pinterest»</a> (angļu valodā). pinterest.com.</span></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐fcn9k Cached time: 20241123181722 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.193 seconds Real time usage: 0.519 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1437/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19455/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 675/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3418/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.080/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3669892/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 230.323 1 -total 51.36% 118.284 1 Veidne:BioTakso_infokaste 49.90% 114.929 1 Veidne:Infobox 22.09% 50.880 7 Veidne:Tīmekļa_atsauce 21.87% 50.361 1 Veidne:Atsauces 20.99% 48.334 2 Veidne:Wikidata 10.49% 24.165 1 Veidne:Commonscat 9.83% 22.648 1 Veidne:Nepieciešama_atsauce 8.67% 19.959 2 Veidne:Category_handler 7.75% 17.853 8 Veidne:Dat --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key lvwiki:pcache:idhash:339183-0!canonical and timestamp 20241123181722 and revision id 3968937. 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