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Eustathius of Thessalonica - Wikipedia
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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evstatije_Solunski" title="Evstatije Solunski – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Evstatije Solunski" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustaci_de_Tessal%C3%B2nica" title="Eustaci de Tessalònica – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eustaci de Tessalònica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathios_von_Thessalonike" title="Eustathios von Thessalonike – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eustathios von Thessalonike" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathios_Thessalonikest" title="Eustathios Thessalonikest – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eustathios Thessalonikest" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Ευστάθιος Θεσσαλονίκης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ευστάθιος Θεσσαλονίκης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustacio_de_Tesal%C3%B3nica" title="Eustacio de Tesalónica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eustacio de Tesalónica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathe_de_Thessalonique" title="Eustathe de Thessalonique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eustathe de Thessalonique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EC%82%B4%EB%A1%9C%EB%8B%88%EC%B9%B4%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%90%EB%B8%8C%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%ED%8B%B0%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="테살로니카의 에브스타티오스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="테살로니카의 에브스타티오스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathios_dari_Tesalonika" title="Eustathios dari Tesalonika – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Eustathios dari Tesalonika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustazio_di_Tessalonica" title="Eustazio di Tessalonica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eustazio di Tessalonica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99" title="אאוסטתיוס מסלוניקי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אאוסטתיוס מסלוניקי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ევსტათი თესალონიკელი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ევსტათი თესალონიკელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathius_Thessalonicensis" title="Eustathius Thessalonicensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Eustathius Thessalonicensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesszalonik%C3%A9i_Eusztathiosz" title="Thesszalonikéi Eusztathiosz – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Thesszalonikéi Eusztathiosz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%89" title="استاثيوس من تسالونيكى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="استاثيوس من تسالونيكى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathius_van_Thessaloniki" title="Eustathius van Thessaloniki – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eustathius van Thessaloniki" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathios_fra_Thessalonike" title="Eustathios fra Thessalonike – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eustathios fra Thessalonike" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustacjusz_z_Tesaloniki" title="Eustacjusz z Tesaloniki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eustacjusz z Tesaloniki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eust%C3%A1cio_de_Tessal%C3%B4nica" title="Eustácio de Tessalônica – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eustácio de Tessalônica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Евстафий Солунский – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Евстафий Солунский" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Евстатије Солунски – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Евстатије Солунски" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evstatije_Solunski" title="Evstatije Solunski – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Evstatije Solunski" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathios_Thessalonikelainen" title="Eustathios Thessalonikelainen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Eustathios Thessalonikelainen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathios_av_Thessalonike" title="Eustathios av Thessalonike – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eustathios av Thessalonike" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Євстафій Солунський – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Євстафій Солунський" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustathios_th%C3%A0nh_Thessaloniki" title="Eustathios thành Thessaloniki – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Eustathios thành Thessaloniki" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q453465#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">12th-century Byzantine scholar and bishop</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Eustathius of Thessalonica</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg/220px-%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg/330px-%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg/440px-%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="599" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Icon of Eustathios of Thessalonika, (<i><a href="/wiki/Vatopedi" title="Vatopedi">Vatopedi Monastery</a>, 1312</i>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1115</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1195/6</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Greek</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Eustathios of Thessalonike, <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Εὐστάθιος Θεσσαλονίκης</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Scholar and <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Thessalonica">Archbishop of Thessalonica</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Thessalonica_(1185)" title="Sack of Thessalonica (1185)">Sack of Thessalonica</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Eustathius of Thessalonica</b> (or <b>Eustathios of Thessalonike</b>; <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Εὐστάθιος Θεσσαλονίκης</span>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1115</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1195/6</span>) was a <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Greeks" title="Byzantine Greeks">Byzantine Greek</a> scholar and <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Thessalonica">Archbishop of Thessalonica</a> and is a saint in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a>. He is most noted for his stand against the <a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Thessalonica_(1185)" title="Sack of Thessalonica (1185)">sack of Thessalonica</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Normans</a> in 1185, contemporary account of the event, for his orations and for his commentaries on <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, which incorporate many remarks by much earlier researchers. </p><p>He was officially canonized on June 10, 1988, and his feast day is on <a href="/wiki/September_20_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)" title="September 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)">September 20</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eustathius_of_Thessalonica&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A pupil of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Kataphloron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Kataphloron (page does not exist)">Nicholas Kataphloron</a>, Eustathius was appointed to the offices of superintendent of petitions (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἐπὶ τῶν δεήσεων</span></span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Epi_ton_deeseon" title="Epi ton deeseon">epi ton deeseon</a></i>), professor of rhetoric (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">μαΐστωρ ῥητόρων</span></span>), and was ordained a deacon in Constantinople. </p><p>He was ordained bishop of <a href="/wiki/Myra" title="Myra">Myra</a>. Around the year 1178, he was appointed to the archbishopric of Thessalonica, where he remained until his death around 1195/1196.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Accounts of his life and work are given in the funeral orations by <a href="/wiki/Euthymius" class="mw-redirect" title="Euthymius">Euthymius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Choniates" title="Michael Choniates">Michael Choniates</a> (of which manuscripts survive in the <a href="/wiki/Bodleian_Library" title="Bodleian Library">Bodleian Library</a> in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>). <a href="/wiki/Niketas_Choniates" title="Niketas Choniates">Niketas Choniates</a> (viii.238, x.334) praised him as the most learned man of his age, a judgment which is difficult to dispute. He wrote commentaries on <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">ancient Greek</a> poets, theological treatises, addresses, letters, and an important account of the sack of Thessalonica by <a href="/wiki/William_II_of_Sicily" title="William II of Sicily">William II of Sicily</a> in 1185. </p><p>Of his works, his commentaries on <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> are the most widely referred to: they display an extensive knowledge of <a href="/wiki/Greek_literature" title="Greek literature">Greek literature</a> from the earliest to the latest times. Other works exhibit impressive character, and oratorical power, which earned him the esteem of the <a href="/wiki/Komnenos" title="Komnenos">Komnenoi</a> emperors. Politically, Eustathios was a supporter of emperor <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_Komnenos" title="Manuel I Komnenos">Manuel I</a>. An original thinker, Eustathios sometimes praised such secular values as military prowess. He decried <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slavery</a>, and believed in the concept of <a href="/wiki/Progress_(history)" class="mw-redirect" title="Progress (history)">historical progress</a> of civilization from a primitive to a more advanced state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eustathius_of_Thessalonica&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His most important works are the following: </p> <ul><li><i>On the Capture of Thessalonica</i>, an eye-witness account of the <a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Thessalonica_(1185)" title="Sack of Thessalonica (1185)">siege of 1185</a> and subsequent sufferings of the people of Thessalonica. In early sections of this memoir Eustathios describes also political events at <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> from the death of emperor <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_Komnenos" title="Manuel I Komnenos">Manuel I</a> through the short reign of <a href="/wiki/Alexios_II_Komnenos" title="Alexios II Komnenos">Alexios II</a> to the usurpation of <a href="/wiki/Andronikos_I_Komnenos" title="Andronikos I Komnenos">Andronikos I</a>, with sharp comments on the activities of all involved. The Greek text was edited by Kyriakidis, with an Italian translation by V. Rotolo; there is an English translation (with a commentary and associated essays) by J. Melville-Jones (Byzantina Australiensia Volume 8), a French translation by Paolo Odorico, and a German translation by H. Hunger.</li> <li>A number of orations, some of which have been edited by P. Wirth (<i>Eustathii Thessalonicensis Opera Minora</i>). In 2013 a translation of six of the earliest of these speeches was published with a commentary by Andrew F. Stone (Byzantina Australiensia Volume 19).</li> <li>Commentaries on Homer's <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Παρεκβολαὶ εἰς τὴν Ὁμήρου Ἰλιάδα καὶ Ὀδύσσειαν</span></span>). These address questions of grammar, etymology, mythology, history and geography. They are not so much original commentaries as extracts from earlier commentators - there are many correspondences with <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homeric</a> <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">scholia</a>. Drawing on numerous extensive works of <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandrian</a> grammarians and critics and later commentators, they are a very important contribution to <a href="/wiki/Homeric_scholarship" title="Homeric scholarship">Homeric scholarship</a>, not least because some of the works from which Eustathios made extracts are lost.</li></ul> <dl><dd>Although it is likely that Eustathios quotes some authors second-hand, he seems personally acquainted with the works of the greatest ancient critics - <a href="/wiki/Aristarchus_of_Samothrace" title="Aristarchus of Samothrace">Aristarchos of Samothrace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zenodotus" title="Zenodotus">Zenodotos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes_of_Byzantium" title="Aristophanes of Byzantium">Aristophanes of Byzantium</a>, and others. This is a great tribute to the state of the libraries of Constantinople and of classical scholarship there in the 12th century. He was also an avid reader of the <i><a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Deipnosophistae</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>. Some of the etymological and grammatical comments by Eustathios's Alexandrian predecessors are full of errors; and Eustathios's own comments are diffuse and frequently interrupted by digressions.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>The first printed edition, by Majoranus, was published in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> in 1542-1550 (4 vols., fol.), an inaccurate reprint being later published in <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a> in 1559-1560. <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Politi" title="Alessandro Politi">A. Politi</a>'s edition (Florence, 1730, 3 vols., folio), contains only the commentary on the first five books of the <i>Iliad</i> with a Latin translation. A tolerably correct reprint of the Roman edition was published at Leipzig, the first part containing the <i>Odyssey</i> commentary (2 vols., 4to.), 1825-1826, and the second, containing the <i>Iliad</i> commentary (3 vols., 4to.), edited by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Stallbaum" title="Johann Gottfried Stallbaum">J. G. Stallbaum</a> for the <i><a href="/wiki/Patrologia_Graeca" title="Patrologia Graeca">Patrologia Graeca</a>,</i> 1827-1829. These were superseded by the edition of M. van der Valk, 1971 onwards. Extracts from the commentaries are quoted in many editions of the Homeric poems.</dd></dl> <ul><li>A commentary on <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_Periegetes" title="Dionysius Periegetes">Dionysius Periegetes</a> (dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Doukas" title="Doukas">John Doukas</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Andronikos_Kamateros" title="Andronikos Kamateros">Andronikos Kamateros</a>). This is as diffuse as the commentary on Homer, but includes numerous valuable extracts from earlier writers. (It was first printed in <a href="/wiki/Robert_Estienne" title="Robert Estienne">R. Stephens</a>' edition of Dionysius (Paris, 1547, 4to.), and later in that of <a href="/wiki/Henri_Estienne" title="Henri Estienne">H. Stephens</a> (Paris, 1577, 4to., and 1697, 8vo.), in Hudson's <i>Geograph. Minor</i>, vol. iv., and lastly, in Bernhardy's edition of Dionysius (Leipzig, 1828, 8vo.).</li> <li>A commentary on <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>. No manuscript of this has come to light; but the introduction survives. (The introduction was first published by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gottlieb_Tafel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gottlieb Tafel (page does not exist)">Gottlieb Tafel</a> in his <i>Eustathii Thessalonicensis Opuscula</i> (Frankfurt, 1832, 4to.), from which it was reprinted separately by Schneidewin, <i>Eustathii prooemium commentariorum Pindaricorum</i> (Göttingen, 1837, 8vo.).</li> <li>Other published works. Some were first published by Tafel in the 1832 <i>Opuscula</i> just mentioned, some appeared later, as by P. Wirth for the <i><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Fontium_Historiae_Byzantinae" title="Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae">Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae</a></i> series.</li> <li>Unpublished works. These include theological writings and commemorative speeches. Several of the latter are important historical sources.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editions_and_translations">Editions and translations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eustathius_of_Thessalonica&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Editions and translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFvan_der_Valk1971–1987" class="citation book cs1">van der Valk, Marchinus, ed. (1971–1987). <i>Eustathius: Commentarii ad Homeri Iliadem pertinentes ad fidem codicis Laurentiani editi</i>. Leiden: Brill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eustathius%3A+Commentarii+ad+Homeri+Iliadem+pertinentes+ad+fidem+codicis+Laurentiani+editi&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1971%2F1987&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEustathius+of+Thessalonica" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlsonCullhed2022" class="citation book cs1">Olson, Douglas; Cullhed, Eric, eds. (2022). <i>Eustathius of Thessalonica, commentary on the Odyssey. Volume I: Preface and commentary on Rhapsodies 1-4</i>. Leiden Boston: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004527355" title="Special:BookSources/9789004527355"><bdi>9789004527355</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eustathius+of+Thessalonica%2C+commentary+on+the+Odyssey.+Volume+I%3A+Preface+and+commentary+on+Rhapsodies+1-4&rft.place=Leiden+Boston&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=9789004527355&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEustathius+of+Thessalonica" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlsonCullhed2023" class="citation book cs1">Olson, Douglas; Cullhed, Eric, eds. (2023). <i>Eustathius of Thessalonica, commentary on the Odyssey. Volume II: Commentary on rhapsodies 5-8</i>. Leiden; Boston: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004548701" title="Special:BookSources/9789004548701"><bdi>9789004548701</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eustathius+of+Thessalonica%2C+commentary+on+the+Odyssey.+Volume+II%3A+Commentary+on+rhapsodies+5-8&rft.place=Leiden%3B+Boston&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=9789004548701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEustathius+of+Thessalonica" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Eustathios of Thessaloniki, <i>The Capture of Thessaloniki</i>, tr. J. R. Melville-Jones (Canberra 1988).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eustathius_of_Thessalonica&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Great Synaxaristes: <span class="languageicon">(in Greek)</span> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://synaxarion.gr/gr/sid/697/sxsaintinfo.aspx">Ὁ Ἅγιος Εὐστάθιος ὁ Κατάφλωρος Ἀρχιεπίσκοπος Θεσσαλονίκης</a>.</i> 20 Σεπτεμβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eustathius_of_Thessalonica&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngold1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Angold" title="Michael Angold">Angold, Michael</a> (1995). <i>Church and society in Byzantium under the Comneni, 1081–1261</i>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 179–196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-26432-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-26432-4"><bdi>0-521-26432-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Church+and+society+in+Byzantium+under+the+Comneni%2C+1081%E2%80%931261&rft.pages=179-196&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-521-26432-4&rft.aulast=Angold&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEustathius+of+Thessalonica" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Eustathius. <i>Eustathii archiepiscopi Thessalonicensis commentarii ad Homeri</i> Iliadem <i>pertinentes</i>, vols. 1-4 (ed. Marchinus van der Valk). Leyden: Brill, 1:1971; 2:1976; 3:1979; 4:1987.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKazhdan1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kazhdan" title="Alexander Kazhdan">Kazhdan, Alexander</a>, ed. (1991). <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantium" title="Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium">Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</a></i>. Oxford University Press. p. 754. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6"><bdi>978-0-19-504652-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+Byzantium&rft.pages=754&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-19-504652-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEustathius+of+Thessalonica" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagdalino2002" class="citation cs2">Magdalino, Paul (2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0cWZvqp7q18C"><i>The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos, 1143–1180</i></a>, Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-52653-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-52653-1"><bdi>0-521-52653-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Empire+of+Manuel+I+Komnenos%2C+1143%E2%80%931180&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-521-52653-1&rft.aulast=Magdalino&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0cWZvqp7q18C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEustathius+of+Thessalonica" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a> (editor); <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051220145856/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/1228.html">"Eustathius (7)"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, (1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Schaff" title="Philip Schaff">Schaff, Philip</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc4.i.xiv.x.html">Eustathius of Thessalonica</a>, from <i>History of the Christian Church</i>, 1882.</li> <li>Stone, A.F., "Aurality in the Panegyrics of Eustathios of Thessaloniki in Theatron", Rhetorical Culture in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 417–28.</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1870" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a>, ed. (1870). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.date=1870&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEustathius+of+Thessalonica" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Byzantine_historians" title="Template:Byzantine historians"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Byzantine_historians" title="Template talk:Byzantine historians"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Byzantine_historians" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Byzantine historians"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Byzantine_historians" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Byzantine historians</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">5th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annianus_of_Alexandria" title="Annianus of Alexandria">Annianus of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunapius" title="Eunapius">Eunapius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rufus" title="John Rufus">John Rufus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malchus_(historian)" title="Malchus (historian)">Malchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympiodorus_of_Thebes" title="Olympiodorus of Thebes">Olympiodorus of Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panodorus_of_Alexandria" title="Panodorus of Alexandria">Panodorus of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philostorgius" title="Philostorgius">Philostorgius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscus" title="Priscus">Priscus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabinus_of_Heraclea" title="Sabinus of Heraclea">Sabinus of Heraclea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socrates_of_Constantinople" title="Socrates of Constantinople">Socrates of Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sozomen" title="Sozomen">Sozomen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodoret" title="Theodoret">Theodoret</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">6th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agathias" title="Agathias">Agathias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Scythopolis" title="Cyril of Scythopolis">Cyril of Scythopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Epiphania" title="Eustathius of Epiphania">Eustathius of Epiphania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evagrius_Scholasticus" title="Evagrius Scholasticus">Evagrius Scholasticus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesychius_of_Miletus" title="Hesychius of Miletus">Hesychius of Miletus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Diakrinomenos" title="John Diakrinomenos">John Diakrinomenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Ephesus" title="John of Ephesus">John of Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Epiphania" title="John of Epiphania">John of Epiphania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Joshua_the_Stylite" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite">Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Zacharias_Rhetor" title="Pseudo-Zacharias Rhetor">Pseudo-Zacharias Rhetor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanes" title="Jordanes">Jordanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Malalas" title="John Malalas">John Malalas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberatus_of_Carthage" title="Liberatus of Carthage">Liberatus of Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcellinus_Comes" title="Marcellinus Comes">Marcellinus Comes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menander_Protector" title="Menander Protector">Menander Protector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonnosus_(historian)" title="Nonnosus (historian)">Nonnosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Patrician" title="Peter the Patrician">Peter the Patrician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procopius" title="Procopius">Procopius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodorus_Lector" title="Theodorus Lector">Theodorus Lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophanes_of_Byzantium" title="Theophanes of Byzantium">Theophanes of Byzantium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zacharias_Rhetor" title="Zacharias Rhetor">Zacharias Rhetor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zosimus_(historian)" title="Zosimus (historian)">Zosimus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">7th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Antioch_(historian)" title="John of Antioch (historian)">John of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan_the_Patrician" title="Trajan the Patrician">Trajan the Patrician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophylact_Simocatta" title="Theophylact Simocatta">Theophylact Simocatta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">8th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_of_Thebes" title="Hippolytus of Thebes">Hippolytus of Thebes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">9th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theophanes_the_Confessor" title="Theophanes the Confessor">Theophanes the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Syncellus" title="George Syncellus">George Syncellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_I_of_Constantinople" title="Nikephoros I of Constantinople">Nikephoros I of Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hamartolos" title="George Hamartolos">George Hamartolos</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scriptor_Incertus" title="Scriptor Incertus">Scriptor Incertus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">10th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_VII" title="Constantine VII">Constantine VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Genesius" title="Joseph Genesius">Joseph Genesius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kaminiates" title="John Kaminiates">John Kaminiates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_the_Deacon" title="Leo the Deacon">Leo the Deacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Simeon" title="Pseudo-Simeon">Pseudo-Simeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symeon_Logothete" title="Symeon Logothete">Symeon Logothete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophanes_Continuatus" title="Theophanes Continuatus">Theophanes Continuatus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">11th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Attaleiates" title="Michael Attaleiates">Michael Attaleiates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Kedrenos" title="George Kedrenos">George Kedrenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Psellos" title="Michael Psellos">Michael Psellos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Skylitzes" title="John Skylitzes">John Skylitzes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Xiphilinus" title="John Xiphilinus">John Xiphilinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahya_of_Antioch" title="Yahya of Antioch">Yahya of Antioch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">12th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_Bryennios_the_Younger" title="Nikephoros Bryennios the Younger">Nikephoros Bryennios the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niketas_Choniates" title="Niketas Choniates">Niketas Choniates</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eustathius of Thessalonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Glykas" title="Michael Glykas">Michael Glykas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Komnene" title="Anna Komnene">Anna Komnene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kinnamos" title="John Kinnamos">John Kinnamos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Manasses" title="Constantine Manasses">Constantine Manasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joannes_Zonaras" title="Joannes Zonaras">Joannes Zonaras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">13th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Akropolites" title="George Akropolites">George Akropolites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Skoutariotes" title="Theodore Skoutariotes">Theodore Skoutariotes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">14th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicephorus_Gregoras" title="Nicephorus Gregoras">Nicephorus Gregoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_Kallistos_Xanthopoulos" title="Nikephoros Kallistos Xanthopoulos">Nikephoros Kallistos Xanthopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VI_Kantakouzenos" title="John VI Kantakouzenos">John VI Kantakouzenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pachymeres" title="George Pachymeres">George Pachymeres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Panaretos" title="Michael Panaretos">Michael Panaretos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">15th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Anagnostes" title="John Anagnostes">John Anagnostes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cananus" title="John Cananus">John Cananus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laonikos_Chalkokondyles" title="Laonikos Chalkokondyles">Laonikos Chalkokondyles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Critobulus" title="Michael Critobulus">Michael Critobulus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doukas_(historian)" title="Doukas (historian)">Doukas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sphrantzes" title="George Sphrantzes">George Sphrantzes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Kodinos" title="George Kodinos">Pseudo-George Kodinos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bishops_of_Thessalonica" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bishops_of_Thessalonica" title="Template:Bishops of Thessalonica"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bishops_of_Thessalonica" title="Template talk:Bishops of Thessalonica"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bishops_of_Thessalonica" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bishops of Thessalonica"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bishops_of_Thessalonica" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Metropolis_of_Thessaloniki" title="Metropolis of Thessaloniki">Bishops of Thessalonica</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>Under Rome</i>: <ul><li>Gaius</li> <li>Nicholas I</li> <li>Artemius</li> <li>Alexander I</li> <li>John I</li> <li>Aetius</li> <li>Irenius</li> <li>Paulinus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascholius" title="Ascholius">Ascholius</a></li> <li>Anysius</li> <li>Rufus</li> <li>Anastasius I</li> <li>Auxitheus</li> <li>Andrew</li> <li>Dorotheus I</li> <li>Aristides</li> <li>Elias</li> <li>Thalaleus</li> <li>Theodosius I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebius_of_Thessalonica" title="Eusebius of Thessalonica">Eusebius of Thessalonica</a></li> <li>John II</li> <li>Plotinus</li> <li>John II</li> <li>Paul I</li> <li>John III</li> <li>Sergius</li></ul> <p><i>Under Constantinople</i>: </p> <ul><li>Constantine I</li> <li>Peter</li> <li>Anastasius</li> <li>Basil I</li> <li>Theophilus</li> <li>Thomas</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_the_Confessor" title="Joseph the Confessor">Joseph the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_the_Mathematician" title="Leo the Mathematician">Leo the Philosopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_the_Confessor" title="Anthony the Confessor">Anthony the Confessor</a></li> <li>Basil II</li> <li>Theodore</li> <li>Paul II</li> <li>Gregory I</li> <li>Methodius</li> <li>John IV the Thessalian</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_III_the_Confessor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil III the Confessor (page does not exist)">Basil III the Confessor</a></li> <li>Anatolius</li> <li>Isidore I</li> <li>Nicetas I</li> <li>Theophanes I</li> <li>Prometheus</li> <li>Theodulus</li> <li>Constantine II</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Choumnos" title="Michael Choumnos">Michael I</a></li> <li>Nicetas II</li> <li>Constantine II</li> <li>Leo</li> <li>Romanus</li> <li>Basil IV of Ohrid</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eustathius of Thessalonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Mesopotamites" title="Constantine Mesopotamites">Constantine III Mesopotamites</a></li> <li>Chrysanthus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Mesopotamites" title="Constantine Mesopotamites">Constantine III Mesopotamites</a></li> <li>Nicetas III</li> <li>Joseph II</li> <li>Michael II Palatanos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Opsaras_Dishypatos" title="Manuel Opsaras Dishypatos">Manuel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joannicius_Kydones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joannicius Kydones (page does not exist)">Joannicius Kydones</a></li> <li>Demetrius</li> <li>Ignatius I</li> <li>James</li> <li>Jeremy</li> <li>Euphemianus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XIV_of_Constantinople" title="John XIV of Constantinople">John V</a></li> <li>Gregory II</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatios_Glabas" title="Ignatios Glabas">Ignatius II</a></li> <li>Macarius I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Palamas" title="Gregory Palamas">Gregory III Palamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neilos_Kabasilas" title="Neilos Kabasilas">Neilos Kabasilas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Kabasilas" title="Nicholas Kabasilas">Nicholas Kabasilas</a></li> <li>Dorotheus II</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_Glabas" title="Isidore Glabas">Isidore II</a></li> <li>Gabriel I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symeon_of_Thessalonica" title="Symeon of Thessalonica">Symeon of Thessalonica</a></li> <li>Gregory III</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephon_II_of_Constantinople" title="Nephon II of Constantinople">Nephon </a></li> <li>Macarius II</li> <li>Theonas</li> <li>Theophanes II</li> <li>Gregory-David</li> <li>Joasaph I</li> <li>Metrophanes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_I_of_Constantinople" title="Gabriel I of Constantinople">Gabriel II</a></li> <li>Matthew I</li> <li>Joasaph II Argyropoulos</li> <li>Sophronius I</li> <li>Zosimas</li> <li>Parthenius</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_III_of_Constantinople" title="Athanasius III of Constantinople">Athanasius I</a></li> <li>Damascenus I</li> <li>Callinicus I</li> <li>Theocletus</li> <li>Joachim I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_III_of_Constantinople" title="Dionysius III of Constantinople">Dionysius</a></li> <li>Anastasius II</li> <li>Meletius I</li> <li>Methodius</li> <li>Ignatius II</li> <li>James II</li> <li>Ignatius II</li> <li>Ananias</li> <li>Joachim II</li> <li>Gabriel III</li> <li>Spyridon</li> <li>Neophytus I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Theodosius II of Constantinople">Theodosius II</a></li> <li>Damascenus II</li> <li>James III</li> <li>Gerasimus</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_III_the_Hieromartyr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph III the Hieromartyr (page does not exist)">Joseph III the Hieromartyr</a></li> <li>Matthew II</li> <li>Macarius III</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meletius_III_of_Constantinople" title="Meletius III of Constantinople">Meletius II</a></li> <li>Ieronymus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callinicus_of_Alexandria" title="Callinicus of Alexandria">Callinicus II</a></li> <li>Neophytus II</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_III_of_Constantinople" title="Joachim III of Constantinople">Joachim III</a></li> <li>Callinicus III</li> <li>Gregory IV</li> <li>Sophronius II</li> <li>Athanasius II</li> <li>Alexander II</li> <li>Joachim IV</li> <li>Gennadius</li> <li>Panteleimon I</li> <li>Leonidas</li> <li>Panteleimon II</li> <li>Anthimos</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q453465#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/3271164120383510470005">4</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/1201165450330127100004">5</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/4890168850994167620008">6</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/311020576">7</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1817717/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjCPKD8bM6CR7HXHVTM8wd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118682733">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84111351">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12157732w">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12157732w">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Eustathius : Thessalonicensis"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/PUVV020566">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35824422">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=mub20211120095&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070130736">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90742848">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/jgvxr0521rw86c8">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810645572305606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/32614">Vatican</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/32616">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007461707105171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058515739206706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14870850">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01645770?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1104238">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118682733.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118682733">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030091489">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c59558b9d‐fxndg Cached time: 20241130110414 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.734 seconds Real time usage: 0.897 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3117/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 71627/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3233/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 42949/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.494/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 24600545/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 815.825 1 -total 32.03% 261.291 1 Template:Infobox_person 16.73% 136.498 2 Template:Langx 13.67% 111.560 2 Template:Navbox 13.57% 110.706 1 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