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The aim of the present study was to characterize pathological changes in the CNS of harbor seals suffering from natural PDV-infection. The" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/twitter-card.jpeg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/29204071/Viral_protein_expression_and_phenotyping_of_inflammatory_responses_in_the_central_nervous_system_of_phocine_distemper_virus_infected_harbor_seals_Phoca_vitulina_" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Viral protein expression and phenotyping of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system of phocine distemper virus-infected harbor seals ( Phoca vitulina)" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The central nervous system (CNS) represents an important target organ of the phocine distemper virus (PDV). The aim of the present study was to characterize pathological changes in the CNS of harbor seals suffering from natural PDV-infection. The" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/UrsulaSiebert" /> <meta name="description" content="The central nervous system (CNS) represents an important target organ of the phocine distemper virus (PDV). The aim of the present study was to characterize pathological changes in the CNS of harbor seals suffering from natural PDV-infection. The" /> <meta name="robots" content="noindex" /> <title>Viral protein expression and phenotyping of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system of phocine distemper virus-infected harbor seals ( Phoca vitulina) | Ursula Siebert - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/29204071/Viral_protein_expression_and_phenotyping_of_inflammatory_responses_in_the_central_nervous_system_of_phocine_distemper_virus_infected_harbor_seals_Phoca_vitulina_" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '5175dedf89e433482746070fad8344a6ec850b7c'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732729891000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732729891000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"The central nervous system (CNS) represents an important target organ of the phocine distemper virus (PDV). The aim of the present study was to characterize pathological changes in the CNS of harbor seals suffering from natural PDV-infection. The distribution of virus protein and mRNA was investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization, respectively. In addition, inflammatory and glial cells were characterized by IHC. Polioencephalitis with glial activation, neuronal death and perivascular mononuclear infiltrations in the cerebral cortex was the main histopathological finding. Inflammatory responses, dominated by CD3(+) T-cells and activated microglia/macrophages were associated with a prominent MHC-II upregulation within the CNS. Viral protein was found predominantly in neurofilament-expressing neurons within inflamed areas as demonstrated by immunohistochemical double-labeling. Morbillivirus nucleo-, phospho-, matrix-, fusion- and hemagglutinin-proteins were found in CNS-lesions. The expressions of viral matrix- and fusion-proteins were reduced in severely inflamed plaques. Comparison of viral protein and mRNA expression revealed a diminished amount of viral phosphoprotein preferentially associated with perivascular inflammation. In summary, CNS-lesions in PDV-infected seals are similar to canine distemper virus-induced acute polioencephalitis in dogs and measles virus inclusion body polioencephalitis in men, respectively.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Ursula Siebert"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2016-10-16","dateModified":"2016-10-16","datePublished":"2010-03-01","headline":"Viral protein expression and phenotyping of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system of phocine distemper virus-infected harbor seals ( Phoca vitulina)","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Microbiology","Veterinary Microbiology","Immunohistochemistry","Veterinary","In Situ Hybridization","Measles Virus","Cerebral Cortex","Female","Animals","Male","Glial Cell","Central Nervous System","Phenotype","Inclusion Bodies","mRna expression levels","Phocine Distemper Virus","Neuronal Death","Protein Expression","Veterinary Sciences","Phoca Vitulina","Canine Distemper Virus","Phoca","Encephalitis","Fusion Protein","Distemper","Inflammatory response"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Veterinary Microbiology","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/29204071/Viral_protein_expression_and_phenotyping_of_inflammatory_responses_in_the_central_nervous_system_of_phocine_distemper_virus_infected_harbor_seals_Phoca_vitulina_","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-102fa537001ba4d8dcd921ad9bd56c474abc201906ea4843e7e7efe9dfbf561d.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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The aim of the present study was to characterize pathological changes in the CNS of harbor seals suffering from natural PDV-infection. The distribution of virus protein and mRNA was investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization, respectively. In addition, inflammatory and glial cells were characterized by IHC. Polioencephalitis with glial activation, neuronal death and perivascular mononuclear infiltrations in the cerebral cortex was the main histopathological finding. Inflammatory responses, dominated by CD3(+) T-cells and activated microglia/macrophages were associated with a prominent MHC-II upregulation within the CNS. Viral protein was found predominantly in neurofilament-expressing neurons within inflamed areas as demonstrated by immunohistochemical double-labeling. Morbillivirus nucleo-, phospho-, matrix-, fusion- and hemagglutinin-proteins were found in CNS-lesions. The expressions of viral matrix- and fusion-proteins were reduced in severely inflamed plaques. Comparison of viral protein and mRNA expression revealed a diminished amount of viral phosphoprotein preferentially associated with perivascular inflammation. In summary, CNS-lesions in PDV-infected seals are similar to canine distemper virus-induced acute polioencephalitis in dogs and measles virus inclusion body polioencephalitis in men, respectively.","publication_date":"2010,3,1","publication_name":"Veterinary Microbiology"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"low","language":"en","title":"Viral protein expression and phenotyping of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system of phocine distemper virus-infected harbor seals ( Phoca vitulina)","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":false,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [30859474]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "grid"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="loswp-grid--container"><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/29204071/Viral_protein_expression_and_phenotyping_of_inflammatory_responses_in_the_central_nervous_system_of_phocine_distemper_virus_infected_harbor_seals_Phoca_vitulina_" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="above-fold js-swp-splash-above-fold"><div class="work-card--container js-swp-control-work-card" data-entity-id="29204071"><div class="work-cover--wrapper"><div class="work-cover--container"><div class="work-cover--no-attachment-container js-swp-splash-paper-cover"><div class="work-cover--file-icon-wrapper"><img alt="paper cover icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe.icon.svg" /></div><div class="work-cover--title js-swp-splash-paper-cover-page-title">Viral protein expression and phenotyping of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system of phocine distemper virus-infected harbor seals ( Phoca vitulina)</div><br /><div style="margin-top: 170px"><button class="work-cover--request-pdf-button js-request-pdf-button"><svg style="width: 14px; 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font-weight: 500; color: #4b4b4b;"><div class="u-textTruncate"><span itemprop="author">Ursula Siebert</span></div></div></a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30859474" type="text/json">{"id":30859474,"first_name":"Ursula","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Siebert","page_name":"UrsulaSiebert","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-05-07T06:42:56.107-07:00","display_name":"Ursula Siebert","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UrsulaSiebert","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png","has_photo":false,"interests":[{"id":13797,"name":"Marine Mammals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mammals"},{"id":971479,"name":"Marine Mammals (Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mammals_Biology"},{"id":126884,"name":"Marine Mammal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mammal_Science"},{"id":516103,"name":"Marine Mammals Strandings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mammals_Strandings"},{"id":3723,"name":"History of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science"}]}</script><div class="work-card--no-attachment-details"><div style="font-weight: 700; font-size: 14px;">Abstract</div><div class="work-card--abstract js-swp-splash-abstract">The central nervous system (CNS) represents an important target organ of the phocine distemper virus (PDV). The aim of the present study was to characterize pathological changes in the CNS of harbor seals suffering from natural PDV-infection. The distribution of virus protein and mRNA was investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization, respectively. In addition, inflammatory and glial cells were characterized by IHC. Polioencephalitis with glial activation, neuronal death and perivascular mononuclear infiltrations in the cerebral cortex was the main histopathological finding. Inflammatory responses, dominated by CD3(+) T-cells and activated microglia/macrophages were associated with a prominent MHC-II upregulation within the CNS. Viral protein was found predominantly in neurofilament-expressing neurons within inflamed areas as demonstrated by immunohistochemical double-labeling. Morbillivirus nucleo-, phospho-, matrix-, fusion- and hemagglutinin-proteins were found in CNS-lesions. The expressions of viral matrix- and fusion-proteins were reduced in severely inflamed plaques. Comparison of viral protein and mRNA expression revealed a diminished amount of viral phosphoprotein preferentially associated with perivascular inflammation. In summary, CNS-lesions in PDV-infected seals are similar to canine distemper virus-induced acute polioencephalitis in dogs and measles virus inclusion body polioencephalitis in men, respectively.</div></div><div class="request-upload--container"><p class="request-upload--title">Ursula Siebert hasn't uploaded this paper.</p><div class="request-upload--info-text"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="info-circle" class="request-upload--info-icon svg-inline--fa fa-info-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z"></path></svg><p class="no-margin hide-on-small-mobile">Let Ursula know you want this paper to be uploaded.</p><p class="no-margin hide-above-small-mobile">Ask for this paper to be uploaded.</p></div><button class="work-cover--request-pdf-button small js-request-pdf-button hide-on-desktop"><svg style="width: 14px; 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