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(PDF) Materials and Skills in the History of Knowledge: An Archaeological Perspective from the "Non-Asian" Field | Maikel Kuijpers - Academia.edu
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In particular, what we can learn from studying things and materials? Where do the properties of materials fit in the history of science and technology? Materiality, I argue, allows for a synthetic kind of thinking in line with the approach taken by Joseph Needham in his seven-volume Science and Civilisation in China (1954-84). 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[{"id":65447371,"identifier":"Attachment_65447371","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":44922953,"created_at":"2021-01-17T13:10:48.163-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-20T22:57:09.327-08:00","_data":{"doi":"10.1353/tech.2019.0040","issue":"2","volume":"60","abstract":"This essay assesses the connections between craft, science, and technology, which I explore through the notion of skill. In particular, what we can learn from studying things and materials? Where do the properties of materials fit in the history of science and technology? Materiality, I argue, allows for a synthetic kind of thinking in line with the approach taken by Joseph Needham in his seven-volume Science and Civilisation in China (1954-84). A methodology is proposed that seeks to harmonize science and craft knowledge, and offers a potential route through which the relationship between social and material phenomena may be explored.","page_numbers":"604-615","publication_date":"2019,,","publication_name":"Technology and Culture"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"low","language":"en","title":"Materials and Skills in the History of Knowledge: An Archaeological Perspective from the \"Non-Asian\" Field","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [157693292]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":65447371,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Materials and Skills in the History of Knowledge: An Archaeological Perspective from the "Non-Asian" Field”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/65447371/mini_magick20210117-16494-wgwu5i.png?1610920571" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Materials and Skills in the History of Knowledge: An Archaeological Perspective from the "Non-Asian" Field</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="157693292" href="https://leidenuni.academia.edu/MaikelKuijpers"><img alt="Profile image of Maikel Kuijpers" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/157693292/50783300/38825071/s65_maikel.kuijpers.jpg" />Maikel Kuijpers</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2019, Technology and Culture</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This essay assesses the connections between craft, science, and technology, which I explore through the notion of skill. In particular, what we can learn from studying things and materials? Where do the properties of materials fit in the history of science and technology? Materiality, I argue, allows for a synthetic kind of thinking in line with the approach taken by Joseph Needham in his seven-volume Science and Civilisation in China (1954-84). A methodology is proposed that seeks to harmonize science and craft knowledge, and offers a potential route through which the relationship between social and material phenomena may be explored.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":65447371,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/44922953/Materials_and_Skills_in_the_History_of_Knowledge_An_Archaeological_Perspective_from_the_Non_Asian_Field"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":65447371,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/44922953/Materials_and_Skills_in_the_History_of_Knowledge_An_Archaeological_Perspective_from_the_Non_Asian_Field"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" 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Technology in Seventeenth-Century China, in Science as Culture 23.1 (2014), 119-23.","attachmentId":59947020,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39760134/_Historicizing_Chinese_Science_and_Technology_review_of_Dagmar_Sch%C3%A4fer_s_The_Crafting_of_the_10_000_Things_Knowledge_and_Technology_in_Seventeenth_Century_China_in_Science_as_Culture_23_1_2014_119_23","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/39760134/_Historicizing_Chinese_Science_and_Technology_review_of_Dagmar_Sch%C3%A4fer_s_The_Crafting_of_the_10_000_Things_Knowledge_and_Technology_in_Seventeenth_Century_China_in_Science_as_Culture_23_1_2014_119_23"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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carried out by ancient metalworkers, then ideally, we need to go beyond the traditional sources of evidence for such processes-physical investigation and chemical analysis of the objects themselves, and associated manufacturing debris. In order to understand the intentionality behind the decisions taken by these metalworkers (the 'why', in addition to the 'how'), then we need to 'see the world' as the metalworkers themselves did. The key issue is how to traverse the gulf between ancient and modern perceptions of the natural world. Using ancient Chinese bronze metalwork as an example, we argue that many interesting glimpses of this world can be drawn from the contemporary and later literary sources. But it is crucial to note that these insights have to be supported by independent evidence, such as scientific data or archaeological information. Once verified, these findings can significantly improve our knowledge of the metaphysical perception of metal in the past and offer a heuristic and powerful tool to interpret the relationship between metallurgy and society. For the Chinese Bronze Age, metallurgy performed a crucial part in the political and ritual world. In particular, the different colours of metal objects provide important indicators of the social hierarchy as evidenced by burial practice.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Squeezing mind out of metal: combining textual evidence with scientific data for metallurgy in early dynastic China","attachmentId":86599904,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80107875/Squeezing_mind_out_of_metal_combining_textual_evidence_with_scientific_data_for_metallurgy_in_early_dynastic_China","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/80107875/Squeezing_mind_out_of_metal_combining_textual_evidence_with_scientific_data_for_metallurgy_in_early_dynastic_China"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="13375684" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13375684/Exploring_How_Archaeologists_Have_Contextualized_Conceptualized_and_Excavated_the_Historical_Phenomenon_of_Craft_Specialization_">Exploring How Archaeologists Have Contextualized, Conceptualized, and Excavated the Historical Phenomenon of ‘Craft Specialization’</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="22276744" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/KaelaBleho">Kaela Bleho</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In archaeological studies of past societies and peoples, the material remains of these groups offer valuable insight into the subtle intricacies of historical social, political, economic and even ideological systems. Objects and tools have been created and utilized by every human group, regardless of their social complexity or historic period: this has lead some to emphasize the importance of the conceptual homo faber, man the creator, in attempts to access a better understanding of ancient systems and people. It has also been recognized that the fashioning of objects is not entirely a utilitarian endeavor; people’s identities are shaped by and reflected in the items which they create, consume, interact with, and use, and as such, these fashioned objects potentially offer a window into the ancient mind. Studies of craft-specialization, prominent in archaeological research throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, have continually attempted to make use of this notion, using archaeologically visible skillfully crafted goods to address wider theoretical questions of social change, political centralization, economic development, and other such complex issues. This essay will attempt to address the varying approaches archaeologists have taken towards the study of craft specialization in past societies.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Exploring How Archaeologists Have Contextualized, Conceptualized, and Excavated the Historical Phenomenon of ‘Craft Specialization’","attachmentId":38028141,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/13375684/Exploring_How_Archaeologists_Have_Contextualized_Conceptualized_and_Excavated_the_Historical_Phenomenon_of_Craft_Specialization_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/13375684/Exploring_How_Archaeologists_Have_Contextualized_Conceptualized_and_Excavated_the_Historical_Phenomenon_of_Craft_Specialization_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="8357727" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8357727/Knowledge_Networks_and_Craft_Traditions_in_the_Ancient_World_Material_Crossovers">Knowledge Networks and Craft Traditions in the Ancient World: Material Crossovers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="166498" href="https://univie.academia.edu/KatharinaRebaySalisbury">Katharina Rebay-Salisbury</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="23885020" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/AnnBrysbaert">Ann Brysbaert</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Rebay-Salisbury, K., Brysbaert, A., and Foxhall, L. (eds) 2014. Knowledge Networks and Craft Traditions in the Ancient World: Material Crossovers. London: Routledge., 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This edited volume investigates knowledge networks based on materials and associated technologies in Prehistoric Europe and the Classical Mediterranean. It emphasizes the significance of material objects to the construction, maintenance, and collapse of networks of various forms – which are central to explanations of cultural contact and change. Focusing on the materiality of objects and on the way in which materials are used adds a multidimensional quality to networks. The properties, functions, and styles of different materials are intrinsically linked to the way in which knowledge flows and technologies are transmitted. Transmission of technologies from one craft to another is one of the main drivers of innovation, whilst sharing knowledge is enabled and limited by the extent of associated social networks in place. Archeological research has oftentimes been limited to studying objects made of one particular material in depth, be it lithic materials, ceramics, textiles, glass, metal, wood or others. The knowledge flow and transfer between crafts that deal with different materials have oftentimes been overlooked. This book takes a fresh approach to the reconstruction of knowledge networks by integrating two or more craft traditions in each of its chapters. The authors, well-known experts and early career researchers, provide concise case studies that cover a wide range of materials. The scope of the book extends from networks of craft traditions to implications for society in a wider sense: materials, objects, and the technologies used to make and distribute them are interwoven with social meaning. People make objects, but objects make people – the materiality of objects shapes our understanding of the world and our place within it. In this book, objects are treated as clues to social networks of different sorts that can be contrasted and compared, both spatially and diachronically.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Knowledge Networks and Craft Traditions in the Ancient World: Material Crossovers","attachmentId":51027012,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8357727/Knowledge_Networks_and_Craft_Traditions_in_the_Ancient_World_Material_Crossovers","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8357727/Knowledge_Networks_and_Craft_Traditions_in_the_Ancient_World_Material_Crossovers"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="1779289" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1779289/Review_of_S_Cuomo_Technology_and_Culture_in_Greek_and_Roman_Antiquity_Cambridge_2007">Review of S. Cuomo, Technology and Culture in Greek and Roman Antiquity, Cambridge 2007</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2017245" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/EleanorRobson">Eleanor Robson</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Review of S. Cuomo, Technology and Culture in Greek and Roman Antiquity, Cambridge 2007","attachmentId":23724927,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1779289/Review_of_S_Cuomo_Technology_and_Culture_in_Greek_and_Roman_Antiquity_Cambridge_2007","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1779289/Review_of_S_Cuomo_Technology_and_Culture_in_Greek_and_Roman_Antiquity_Cambridge_2007"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":65447371,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":65447371,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_65447371" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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In Burke, C and Spencer-Wood, S (eds.) Crafting in the World: Materiality in the Making Springer: New York</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="642932" href="https://york.academia.edu/ClareBurke">Clare Burke</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Crafting in the World: Materiality in the Making Springer: New York, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Introduction to Crafting in the World. In Burke, C and Spencer-Wood, S (eds.) 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