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accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-應對技巧" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#應對技巧"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>應對技巧</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-應對技巧-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-青少年同儕壓力管理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#青少年同儕壓力管理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>青少年同儕壓力管理</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-青少年同儕壓力管理-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关青少年同儕壓力管理子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-青少年同儕壓力管理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-信心" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#信心"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>信心</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-信心-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-自我同情心" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#自我同情心"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>自我同情心</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-自我同情心-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-溝通渠道之暢通" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#溝通渠道之暢通"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>溝通渠道之暢通</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-溝通渠道之暢通-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-廣泛的社交網絡與友誼" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#廣泛的社交網絡與友誼"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>廣泛的社交網絡與友誼</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-廣泛的社交網絡與友誼-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-自主權" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#自主權"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>自主權</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-自主權-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">同儕壓力</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。30种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groepsdruk" title="Groepsdruk – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Groepsdruk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%BA%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ضغط الأقران – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ضغط الأقران" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA" title="দলগত চাপ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দলগত চাপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressi%C3%B3_de_grup" title="Pressió de grup – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pressió de grup" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruppenzwang" title="Gruppenzwang – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gruppenzwang" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Κοινωνική πίεση – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κοινωνική πίεση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_pressure" title="Peer pressure – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Peer pressure" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunula_premo" title="Kunula premo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kunula premo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presi%C3%B3n_de_los_pares" title="Presión de los pares – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Presión de los pares" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidekoen_presio" title="Kidekoen presio – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kidekoen presio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="فشار نظیر – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فشار نظیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryhm%C3%A4paine" title="Ryhmäpaine – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ryhmäpaine" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pression_sociale" title="Pression sociale – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pression sociale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%A5_%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%AA%D7%99" title="לחץ חברתי – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לחץ חברתי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B3%D5%B6%D5%B7%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Սոցիալական ճնշում – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սոցիալական ճնշում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekanan_sosial" title="Tekanan sosial – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tekanan sosial" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E8%AA%BF%E5%9C%A7%E5%8A%9B" title="同調圧力 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="同調圧力" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%A1%B0_%EC%95%95%EB%A0%A5" title="동조 압력 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="동조 압력" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengaruh_rakan_sebaya" title="Pengaruh rakan sebaya – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pengaruh rakan sebaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groepsdruk" title="Groepsdruk – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Groepsdruk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Press%C3%A3o_dos_pares" title="Pressão dos pares – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pressão dos pares" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Социальное давление – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Социальное давление" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_pressure" title="Peer pressure – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Peer pressure" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Групни притисак – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Групни притисак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupptryck" title="Grupptryck – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grupptryck" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinikizo_la_rika" title="Shinikizo la rika – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shinikizo la rika" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="แรงกดดันจากคนรอบข้าง – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แรงกดดันจากคนรอบข้าง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akran_bask%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Akran baskısı – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akran baskısı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Соціальний тиск – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Соціальний тиск" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81p_l%E1%BB%B1c_%C4%91%E1%BB%93ng_trang_l%E1%BB%A9a" title="Áp lực đồng trang lứa – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Áp lực đồng trang lứa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q784843#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" 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href="/zh-sg/%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&oldid=82500831" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&id=82500831&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%2590%258C%25E5%2584%2595%25E5%25A3%2593%25E5%258A%259B"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%2590%258C%25E5%2584%2595%25E5%25A3%2593%25E5%258A%259B"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Peer_pressure" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q784843" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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.ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-How-to plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>包含<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTGUIDE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTGUIDE">指南或教學內容</a>。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請藉由移除或重寫指南段落來改善條目，或在<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" title="Talk:同儕壓力">討論頁</a>提出討論。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p><b>同儕壓力</b>是指對<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%9C%98%E9%AB%94" title="同儕團體">同儕團體</a>成員的直接或間接影響。同儕團體更有可能影響一個人的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0" title="信仰">信仰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%83%B9%E5%80%BC%E8%A7%80" title="價值觀">價值觀</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA" title="行為">行為</a>。一個團體或個人可能會受到鼓勵，並希望通過改變他們的<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%8B%E5%BA%A6_(%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8)" title="態度 (心理學)">態度</a>、價值觀或行為以符合影響團體或個人的態度、價值觀或行為來跟隨他們的同齡人。對於受同輩壓力影響的個人，這可能對他們產生積極或消極的影響。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%9B%A2%E4%BD%93" title="社会团体">社會團體</a>包括個人擁有“正式”成員身份的成員團體（例如政黨、工會、學校）和成員資格定義不明確的集團。然而，一個人不需要成為某個團體的成員或正在尋求成為某個團體的成員就會受到同儕壓力的影響。一個人可能在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A4%E7%9C%BE" title="群眾">人群</a>中，在許多<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%9B%A2%E4%BD%93" title="小团体">小團體</a>中，但仍然受到同輩壓力的影響。研究表明，組織和個人都容易受到同輩壓力的影響。例如，一個組織可能會根據當前趨勢做出決定，以獲得更多的喜愛或增加追隨者。<sup id="cite_ref-:5_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>同輩壓力會影響所有種族、性別和年齡的人。研究人員經常研究同伴壓力對兒童和青少年的影響，在流行的話語中，“同伴壓力”一詞最常用於指代這些年齡組。重要的是要了解，對於<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%98%A5%E6%9C%9F" title="青春期">青春期</a>的孩子來說，他們面臨著尋找自己的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AE%A4%E5%90%8C" title="身份认同">身份認同</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="社会心理学">社會心理學</a>家<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%88%A9%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%E6%A3%AE" title="爱利克·埃里克森">愛利克·艾瑞克森</a>表示，身份認同面臨角色混淆，換句話說，這些孩子正在努力尋找歸屬感，最容易受到同伴壓力作為一種被接納之形式。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>對於兒童，最常研究的主題是他們的獨立<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%BA%E7%AD%96" class="mw-redirect" title="決策">決策</a>能力。對於青少年，同伴壓力與<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E4%BA%A4" title="性交">性交</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA%E6%BF%AB%E7%94%A8" title="物質濫用">藥物濫用</a>的關係已得到大量研究。同輩壓力可以通過面對面的互動和數位化互動來體驗。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94" title="社群媒體">社交媒體</a>為青少年和成年人提供了每天灌輸和/或體驗壓力的機會。<sup id="cite_ref-Jang_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jang-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="社會網路">社會網路</a>研究考察了社會群體成員之間的聯繫，包括他們對社交媒體的使用，以更好地理解信息共享和同伴認可等機制。制裁的範圍可以從暗示不贊成的微妙眼神到威脅和身體暴力。同伴制裁可能會增強積極或消極的行為。同儕制裁是否會產生影響在很大程度上取決於成員的期望和實際可能實施的制裁。它還可能取決於一個人在社會網絡中的位置。那些在社會網絡中處於更中心地位的人似乎更願意合作，這可能是網絡形成方式的結果。然而，這是雙向的，因此他們也更有可能參與消極行為。這可能是由於他們在網絡中反復經歷的社會壓力造成的。<sup id="cite_ref-Larson_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larson-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>使用<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="酒精">酒精</a>或藥物會增加任何人屈服於同伴壓力的機會。<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA%E6%BF%AB%E7%94%A8" title="物質濫用">物質使用</a>會損害判斷力並影響做出正確決定的能力。<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="應對技巧"><span id=".E6.87.89.E5.B0.8D.E6.8A.80.E5.B7.A7"></span>應對技巧</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：應對技巧"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>聽從<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E8%A6%BA_(%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98%E8%AB%96)" title="直覺 (知識論)">直覺</a>：直覺決策幫助自力更生和更多地了解自己。</li> <li>針對可能之<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B_(%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="壓力 (醫學)">壓力</a>情境事先推演，並獲取一些<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%87%89" class="mw-redirect" title="因應">因應</a>技巧。</li> <li>在情況危急時毫不猶豫地尋求可靠協助。<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>主動與人傾訴，分擔煩惱。</li> <li>學會適當地表達情緒。</li> <li>多參與群體活動，擴闊生活圈子及增強社交技巧。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="青少年同儕壓力管理"><span id=".E9.9D.92.E5.B0.91.E5.B9.B4.E5.90.8C.E5.84.95.E5.A3.93.E5.8A.9B.E7.AE.A1.E7.90.86"></span>青少年同儕壓力管理</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：青少年同儕壓力管理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>孩童和青少年經常屈服於同儕壓力，因為想要融入人群，想要被認可和接納，並擔心如果不與群體和諧相處，可能會被排斥或欺凌。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>有關可能徵兆包含情緒、行為、飲食或睡眠方式等發生變化。一些情緒和行為的變化在青春期前後是正常的。但是，若情緒低落超過 2 週，或者妨礙了通常喜歡的事情，可能需要<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7" title="心理健康">心理健康</a>方面的支持。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>警告標誌包括：<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>情緒低落、流淚或感到絕望</li> <li>不常見的攻擊性或<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA" title="反社會行為">反社會行為</a></li> <li>行為突然改變，通常沒有明顯原因</li> <li>難以入睡、嗜睡或早醒</li> <li>食慾不振或暴飲暴食</li> <li>不願上學</li> <li>退出過去喜歡的活動</li> <li>關於想要放棄或生活不值得過的陳述（如表達輕生意向或自暴自棄等）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="信心"><span id=".E4.BF.A1.E5.BF.83"></span>信心</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：信心"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%BF%83" title="信心">信心</a>可以幫助青少年抵制消極的同伴影響。自信的青少年可以做出安全、明智的決定，並避免不適合他們的人和情況。嘗試新事物並在遇到困難時繼續，有助於建立信心。來自他人的肯定也會有顯著助益。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%B0%8A" title="自尊">自我感覺</a>良好的孩童不易受同伴壓力影響。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="自我同情心"><span id=".E8.87.AA.E6.88.91.E5.90.8C.E6.83.85.E5.BF.83"></span>自我同情心</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：自我同情心"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>自我<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%83%85" title="同情">同情心</a>，亦即善待關照自己的身心，可以幫助處理與有關的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B_(%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="壓力 (醫學)">壓力</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E6%85%AE" title="焦慮">焦慮</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%AA%E5%AD%90%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82#建立關係" title="親子關係">與撫養照顧者建立積極的關係</a>可以幫助孩童感到被愛、被接受和安全，與自我同情有重要關聯。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="溝通渠道之暢通"><span id=".E6.BA.9D.E9.80.9A.E6.B8.A0.E9.81.93.E4.B9.8B.E6.9A.A2.E9.80.9A"></span>溝通渠道之暢通</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：溝通渠道之暢通"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>溝通渠道之暢通有助於當事人感受到有協助或傾訴之對象。<b>不帶評判地談論和傾聽</b>有助於溝通渠道之暢通。對於行為內容而非人之客觀討論使溝通焦點專注於客觀之現象。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>開放和誠實的溝通促進當事人更願意尋求協助。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="廣泛的社交網絡與友誼"><span id=".E5.BB.A3.E6.B3.9B.E7.9A.84.E7.A4.BE.E4.BA.A4.E7.B6.B2.E7.B5.A1.E8.88.87.E5.8F.8B.E8.AA.BC"></span>廣泛的社交網絡與友誼</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：廣泛的社交網絡與友誼"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>各種場合所建立之<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8B%E6%83%85" title="友情">友誼</a>，包括運動、家庭活動或俱樂部等，使得人們有很多選擇和支持來源。擁有朋友並感受到與團體的聯繫，使人產生<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%B8%E5%B1%AC%E6%84%9F" title="歸屬感">歸屬感</a>和被重視的感覺，有助於建立自信。友誼還可以幫助學習重要社交和情感技能，例如對他人的想法、感受和幸福保持敏感。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="自主權"><span id=".E8.87.AA.E4.B8.BB.E6.AC.8A"></span>自主權</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：自主權"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>青少年在個人外顯特徵之群體方面傾向，可能會幫助其感受到與同儕之聯繫。一定的<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E4%B8%BB%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="自主權">自主權</a>可以減少青少年做出具更大風險之行為的機會。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:5-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:5_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Marquis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher Marquis（页面不存在）">Marquis, Christopher</a>; Tilcsik, András. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/1813/44734/2/Marquis%20Tilcsik%202016%20Organization%20Science.pdf">Institutional Equivalence: How Industry and Community Peers Influence Corporate Philanthropy</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Organization Science. 2016-10-01, <b>27</b> (5): 1325–1341. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1047-7039"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 1047-7039</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1287%2Forsc.2016.1083"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1287/orsc.2016.1083</span></a>. <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/1813%2F44734"><span title="Handle System">hdl:1813/44734</span></a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="可免费查阅"><img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&rft.atitle=Institutional+Equivalence%3A+How+Industry+and+Community+Peers+Influence+Corporate+Philanthropy&rft.au=Tilcsik%2C+Andr%C3%A1s&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.aulast=Marquis&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1047-7039&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Organization+Science&rft.pages=1325-1341&rft.volume=27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fecommons.cornell.edu%2Fbitstream%2F1813%2F44734%2F2%2FMarquis%2520Tilcsik%25202016%2520Organization%2520Science.pdf&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1287%2Forsc.2016.1083&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1813%2F44734&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Berk, Laura E. Development through the lifespan 7th. Hoboken, NJ. 2018. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-13-441969-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-13-441969-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-13-441969-5</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/946161390"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 946161390</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&rft.aufirst=Laura+E.&rft.aulast=Berk&rft.btitle=Development+through+the+lifespan&rft.date=2018&rft.edition=7th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-13-441969-5&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+NJ&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F946161390&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jang-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jang_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Jang, Kyungeun; Park, Namkee; Song, Hayeon. Social comparison on Facebook: Its antecedents and psychological outcomes. Computers in Human Behavior. 2016-09-01, <b>62</b> (Supplement C): 147–154. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.chb.2016.03.082"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.082</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&rft.atitle=Social+comparison+on+Facebook%3A+Its+antecedents+and+psychological+outcomes&rft.au=Park%2C+Namkee&rft.au=Song%2C+Hayeon&rft.aufirst=Kyungeun&rft.aulast=Jang&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=Supplement+C&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Human+Behavior&rft.pages=147-154&rft.volume=62&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.chb.2016.03.082&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Larson-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Larson_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Larson, Jennifer M. Networks of Conflict and Cooperation. Annual Review of Political Science. 11 May 2021, <b>24</b> (1): 89–107. <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev-polisci-041719-102523"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102523</span></a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="可免费查阅"><img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&rft.atitle=Networks+of+Conflict+and+Cooperation&rft.aufirst=Jennifer+M.&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.date=2021-05-11&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Political+Science&rft.pages=89-107&rft.volume=24&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev-polisci-041719-102523&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/peer-pressure.html">Peer Pressure (for Teens) - Nemours KidsHealth</a>. kidshealth.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-03-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230618114809/https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/peer-pressure.html">存档</a>于2023-06-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&rft.atitle=Peer+Pressure+%28for+Teens%29+-+Nemours+KidsHealth&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kidshealth.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkidshealth.org%2Fen%2Fteens%2Fpeer-pressure.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-2"><sup><b>6.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Peer-Pressure-104.aspx">Peer Pressure</a>. www.aacap.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-03-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230604012930/https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Peer-Pressure-104.aspx">存档</a>于2023-06-04） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&rft.atitle=Peer+Pressure&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aacap.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aacap.org%2FAACAP%2FFamilies_and_Youth%2FFacts_for_Families%2FFFF-Guide%2FPeer-Pressure-104.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2"><sup><b>7.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-3"><sup><b>7.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-4"><sup><b>7.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-5"><sup><b>7.5</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-6"><sup><b>7.6</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://raisingchildren.net.au/teens/behaviour/peers-friends-trends/peer-influence">Peer pressure or influence: pre-teens and teenagers</a>. Raising Children Network. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-03-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230618114836/https://raisingchildren.net.au/teens/behaviour/peers-friends-trends/peer-influence">存档</a>于2023-06-18） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%90%8C%E5%84%95%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&rft.atitle=Peer+pressure+or+influence%3A+pre-teens+and+teenagers&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Raising+Children+Network&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fraisingchildren.net.au%2Fteens%2Fbehaviour%2Fpeers-friends-trends%2Fpeer-influence&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%92%E5%9B%A0%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="归因理论">归因理论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8B%E9%A2%A8%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="解釋風格（页面不存在）">解釋風格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%AE%9E%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4" title="反事实思维">反事实思维</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="框架效應">框架效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%BA%E8%AA%8D%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4" title="確認偏誤">確認偏誤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E5%AF%9F%E8%80%85%E6%9C%9F%E6%9C%9B%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="觀察者期望效應">觀察者期望效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%AF%E5%8F%91%E6%B3%95" title="启发法">启发法</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E6%80%A7%E6%8D%B7%E6%80%9D%E6%B3%95" title="代表性捷思法">代表性捷思法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%BE%97%E6%80%A7%E6%8D%B7%E6%80%9D%E6%B3%95" title="可得性捷思法">可得性捷思法</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E6%AD%B8%E5%9B%A0%E8%AC%AC%E8%AA%A4" title="基本歸因謬誤">基本歸因謬誤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%88%A9%E6%80%A7%E5%81%8F%E5%B7%AE" title="自利性偏差">自利性偏差</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="从众行为" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BB%8E%E4%BC%97%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA" title="Template:从众行为"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BB%8E%E4%BC%97%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA" title="Template talk:从众行为"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BB%8E%E4%BC%97%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:从众行为"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="从众行为" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%9E%E7%9C%BE%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA" title="從眾行為">从众行为</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">强制力</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公敵宣告" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Proscription"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E6%95%B5%E5%AE%A3%E5%91%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公敵宣告（页面不存在）">公敵宣告</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proscription" class="extiw" title="en:Proscription"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Proscription</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B6%E7%BA%A7%E6%95%8C%E4%BA%BA" title="阶级敌人">阶级敌人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%AC%E6%95%8C" title="国家公敌">国家公敌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E7%89%87%E6%94%BE%E9%80%90%E5%88%B6" title="陶片放逐制">陶片放逐制</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="黑名單">黑名單</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%96%E6%B6%88%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="取消文化">取消文化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A1%E6%9F%A5%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="审查制度">審查制度</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%A4%96%E4%B9%8B%E5%BE%92" title="法外之徒">法外之徒</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公民死亡" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Civil death"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公民死亡（页面不存在）">公民死亡</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_death" class="extiw" title="en:Civil death"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Civil death</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="不法之徒 (德国)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vogelfrei"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E6%B3%95%E4%B9%8B%E5%BE%92_(%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不法之徒 (德国)（页面不存在）">不法之徒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogelfrei" class="extiw" title="en:Vogelfrei"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vogelfrei</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全民公敌 (社会学)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Public enemy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%91%E5%85%AC%E6%95%8C_(%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全民公敌 (社会学)（页面不存在）">全民公敌</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_enemy" class="extiw" title="en:Public enemy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Public enemy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">群体压力</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%9E%E7%9C%BE%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="從眾效應">從眾效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="集体主义">集体主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E8%87%BA%E9%A9%85%E9%80%90" title="平臺驅逐">平台驱逐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%97%E8%85%A6" title="洗腦">洗腦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%95%99%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="宗教教義">宗教教義</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%AE%BA%E6%A8%A1%E4%BB%BF" title="自殺模仿">自殺模仿</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%99%E5%A4%B1%E6%81%90%E6%83%A7%E7%97%87" title="错失恐惧症">错失恐惧症</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%98%E9%AB%94%E8%BF%B7%E6%80%9D" title="團體迷思">團體迷思</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="民族主義">民族主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="愛國主義">愛國主義</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">同儕壓力</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="戏弄" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Teasing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%8F%E5%BC%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戏弄（页面不存在）">戏弄</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teasing" class="extiw" title="en:Teasing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Teasing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社會影響力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Social influence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社會影響力（页面不存在）">社會影響力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_influence" class="extiw" title="en:Social influence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Social influence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%95%B0%E6%97%A0%E7%9F%A5" title="多数无知">多数无知</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="民主">民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%A3%E4%BC%A0" title="政治宣传">政治宣传</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E6%97%97%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="聚旗效应">聚旗效应</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%8C%96" title="社會化">社會化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%89%E9%BB%98%E8%9E%BA%E6%97%8B" title="沉默螺旋">沉默的螺旋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%95%B8%E4%BA%BA%E6%9A%B4%E6%94%BF" title="多數人暴政">多數人暴政</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B1%E6%B0%91" title="贱民">贱民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%88%A4%E5%AE%98%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="索馬里判官政治">索馬里判官政治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E9%AB%94%E6%AC%BA%E5%87%8C" title="集體欺凌">集體欺凌</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">个人压力</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E7%8B%82" title="控制狂">控制狂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E8%BF%AB%E5%9E%8B%E4%BA%BA%E6%A0%BC%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D" title="强迫型人格障碍">强迫型人格障碍</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">自我确认</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="顺从 (心理学)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Compliance (psychology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%BA%E4%BB%8E_(%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="顺从 (心理学)（页面不存在）">顺从</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compliance_(psychology)" class="extiw" title="en:Compliance (psychology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Compliance (psychology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反信号" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Countersignaling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反信号（页面不存在）">反信号</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countersignaling" class="extiw" title="en:Countersignaling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Countersignaling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="随大溜" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Herd behavior"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%8F%E5%A4%A7%E6%BA%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="随大溜（页面不存在）">随大溜</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herd_behavior" class="extiw" title="en:Herd behavior"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Herd behavior</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="内化 (社会学)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Internalisation (sociology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%85%E5%8C%96_(%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="内化 (社会学)（页面不存在）">内化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internalisation_(sociology)" class="extiw" title="en:Internalisation (sociology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Internalisation (sociology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社会证明" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Social proof"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E8%AF%81%E6%98%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会证明（页面不存在）">社会证明</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_proof" class="extiw" title="en:Social proof"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Social proof</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="服从 (人类行为)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Obedience (human behavior)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%8D%E4%BB%8E_(%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="服从 (人类行为)（页面不存在）">服从</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obedience_(human_behavior)" class="extiw" title="en:Obedience (human behavior)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Obedience (human behavior)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">著名实验和设计</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%8C%E4%BB%8E%E4%BC%97%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="阿希从众实验">阿希从众实验</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%E6%A0%BC%E5%80%AB%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97" title="米爾格倫實驗">米尔格拉姆实验</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%A6%8F%E7%9B%91%E7%8B%B1%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="斯坦福监狱实验">斯坦福监狱实验</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%91%E7%8B%B1" title="圆形监狱">圆形监狱</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">反从众行为</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="反独裁主义">反独裁主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA" title="反社會行為">反社會行為</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%8D%E6%9C%8D%E5%BE%9E" title="公民不服從">公民不服從</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="世界主义">世界主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%B9%B2%E6%93%BE" title="文化干擾">文化干扰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E8%BD%A8%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="越轨社会学">越轨社会学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%98%E8%A1%B7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="折衷主義">折衷主義</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古怪 (行为)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eccentricity (behavior)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E6%80%AA_(%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古怪 (行为)（页面不存在）">古怪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccentricity_(behavior)" class="extiw" title="en:Eccentricity (behavior)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eccentricity (behavior)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="个性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Idiosyncrasy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%8B%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="個性">个性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiosyncrasy" class="extiw" title="en:Idiosyncrasy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Idiosyncrasy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="个人主义">个人主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%89%E4%BA%8B" title="舉事">舉事</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%BD%E5%88%BA" title="讽刺">讽刺</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="冲击价值" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shock value"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B2%E5%87%BB%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="冲击价值（页面不存在）">冲击价值</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_value" class="extiw" title="en:Shock value"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shock value</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A1" title="流亡">流亡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA" title="神圣的人">神圣的人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%81%E4%B8%8D%E5%90%8C%E6%94%BF%E8%A7%81%E8%80%85" title="持不同政见者">持不同政见者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%97%E6%AD%A1%E8%BF%8E%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9" title="不受歡迎人物">不受歡迎人物</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q784843#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q784843#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q784843#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pression des pairs"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16998570w">法国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pression des pairs"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16998570w">BnF data</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Konformitätszwang"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4164970-9">德国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007539261805171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Peer pressure"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh88002571">美国</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Influence du groupe"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/19120708X">IdRef</a></span></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pression des pairs"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/189110716">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a 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