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Ashe v. Swenson - Wikipedia
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nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1970 United States Supreme Court case</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox scotus" style="line-height: 1.4em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #99c0ff; padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.4em; font-size:125%; font-style: italic">Ashe v. Swenson</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Seal of the United States Supreme Court"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-top: 0.5em; font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Argued November 13, 1969<br />Decided April 6, 1970</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Full case name</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Bob Fred Ashe, Petitioner v. Harold R. Swenson, Warden</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citations</th><td class="infobox-data">397 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/us/397/436/case.html">436</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_397" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 397">more</a></i>)<div>90 S. Ct. 1189; 25 <a href="/wiki/L._Ed._2d" class="mw-redirect" title="L. Ed. 2d">L. Ed. 2d</a> 469; 1970 <a href="/wiki/U.S._LEXIS" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. LEXIS">U.S. LEXIS</a> 54</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Holding</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">The <a href="/wiki/Double_Jeopardy_Clause" title="Double Jeopardy Clause">Double Jeopardy Clause</a> embodies <a href="/wiki/Collateral_estoppel" title="Collateral estoppel">collateral estoppel</a> as a constitutional requirement. Where a jury bases a judgment of acquittal on a finding that the defendant did not participate in the offense charged, this issue may not be relitigated in another trial.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Court membership</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><dl style="margin:0; padding:0.1em 0.5em; text-align:center; line-height:1.3em;"> <dt style="margin:0;">Chief Justice</dt> <dd style="margin:0 0 0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Warren_E._Burger" title="Warren E. Burger">Warren E. Burger</a> </dd> <dt style="margin:0;">Associate Justices</dt> <dd style="margin:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Black" title="Hugo Black">Hugo Black</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/William_O._Douglas" title="William O. Douglas">William O. Douglas</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_Harlan_(born_1899)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Marshall Harlan (born 1899)">John M. Harlan II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/William_J._Brennan_Jr." title="William J. Brennan Jr.">William J. Brennan Jr.</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Potter_Stewart" title="Potter Stewart">Potter Stewart</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Byron_White" title="Byron White">Byron White</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a> </dd></dl></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Case opinions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Majority</th><td class="infobox-data">Stewart, joined by Black, Douglas, Harlan, Brennan, White, Marshall</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Concurrence</th><td class="infobox-data">Black</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Concurrence</th><td class="infobox-data">Harlan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Concurrence</th><td class="infobox-data">Brennan, joined by Douglas, Marshall</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dissent</th><td class="infobox-data">Burger</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color: green; color: white; font-weight: bold">This case overturned a previous ruling or rulings</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i>Hoag v. New Jersey</i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_356" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 356">356</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/356/464/">464</a> (1958)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Ashe v. Swenson</b></i>, 397 U.S. 436 (1970), was a decision by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">United States Supreme Court</a>, which held that "when an issue of ultimate fact has once been determined by a valid and final judgment, that issue cannot again be litigated between the same parties in any future lawsuit." The <a href="/wiki/Double_Jeopardy_Clause" title="Double Jeopardy Clause">Double Jeopardy Clause</a> prevents a state from relitigating a question already decided in favor of a defendant at a previous trial. Here, the guarantee against double jeopardy enforceable through the Fifth Amendment provided that where the defendant was acquitted of robbing one victim, the government could not prosecute the criminal defendant in a second trial for a different victim in the same robbery. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashe_v._Swenson&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After a group of masked robbers committed <a href="/wiki/Armed_robbery" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed robbery">armed robbery</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Poker" title="Poker">poker</a> game in <a href="/wiki/Lee%27s_Summit,_Missouri" title="Lee's Summit, Missouri">Lee's Summit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, Bob Fred Ashe was indicted on six separate counts of committing an armed robbery of one of the six players. At trial, a jury returned a general verdict of not guilty "due to insufficient evidence". Six weeks later, Ashe was brought to trial for the robbery of another of the poker players. This time, a prosecution witness who did not confidently identify Ashe as a robber was not called, and several witnesses expressed greater confidence that Ashe was the robber.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the conclusion of the trial, Ashe was found guilty and sentenced to thirty-five years. </p><p>The Missouri Supreme Court affirmed the conviction, holding no former jeopardy violation. After the federal district court denied habeas corpus relief, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supreme_Court">Supreme Court</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashe_v._Swenson&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Supreme Court"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ashe petitioned for a writ of certiorari in the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a>, which was granted.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His case before the Supreme Court was presented <i><a href="/wiki/Pro_bono" title="Pro bono">pro bono</a></i> by noted <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington</a> attorney and former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a> <a href="/wiki/Clark_Clifford" title="Clark Clifford">Clark M. Clifford</a>. The state's case was argued by Gene E. Voigts, First Assistant Attorney General of Missouri.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Supreme Court concluded from the record of the prior trial that the "single rationally conceivable issue in dispute before the jury was whether [Ashe] had been one of the robbers. And the jury by its verdict found that he had not. The federal rule of law, therefore, would make a second prosecution for the robbery . . . wholly impermissible." </p><p>Because the first jury, by its verdict, had rejected the claim that Ashe was one of the robbers, the Supreme Court held that the State could not "constitutionally hail him before a new jury to litigate that issue again." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashe_v._Swenson&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_397" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 397">List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 397</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Waller_v._Florida" title="Waller v. Florida">Waller v. Florida</a></i> (1970)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashe_v._Swenson&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDeason1970" class="citation journal cs1">Deason, M. C. Jr. (1970). <a href="/wiki/Collateral_estoppel" title="Collateral estoppel">"Rule of Collateral Estoppel Embodied in the Fifth Amendment Guaranty against Double Jeopardy"</a>. <i>Cumberland-Samford Law Review</i>. <b>1</b>: 355. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0045-9275">0045-9275</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cumberland-Samford+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Rule+of+Collateral+Estoppel+Embodied+in+the+Fifth+Amendment+Guaranty+against+Double+Jeopardy&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=355&rft.date=1970&rft.issn=0045-9275&rft.aulast=Deason&rft.aufirst=M.+C.+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAshe+v.+Swenson" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaefer1970" class="citation journal cs1">Schaefer, Walter V. (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2728&context=californialawreview">"Unresolved Issues in the Law of Double Jeopardy: <i>Waller</i> and <i>Ashe</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/California_Law_Review" title="California Law Review">California Law Review</a></i>. <b>58</b> (2): 391–404. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3479664">10.2307/3479664</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3479664">3479664</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Unresolved+Issues+in+the+Law+of+Double+Jeopardy%3A+Waller+and+Ashe&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=391-404&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3479664&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3479664%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Schaefer&rft.aufirst=Walter+V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarship.law.berkeley.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D2728%26context%3Dcalifornialawreview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAshe+v.+Swenson" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashe_v._Swenson&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdmiston1971" class="citation journal cs1">Edmiston, Robert Ruyle (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1188&context=tlr">"Ashe v. Swenson: A New Look at Double Jeopardy"</a>. <i>Tulsa Law Review</i>. <b>7</b> (1): 68–73.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tulsa+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Ashe+v.+Swenson%3A+A+New+Look+at+Double+Jeopardy&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=68-73&rft.date=1971&rft.aulast=Edmiston&rft.aufirst=Robert+Ruyle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1188%26context%3Dtlr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAshe+v.+Swenson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>Ashe v. Swenson</i></cite>, 393 U.S. 1115 (1969).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>Ashe v. Swenson</i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/usrep/usrep397/usrep397436/usrep397436.pdf">397 U.S. 436</a>, 437 (1970).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashe_v._Swenson&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Works related to <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Ashe_v._Swenson" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Ashe v. Swenson">Ashe v. Swenson</a> at Wikisource</li> <li>Text of <i>Ashe v. Swenson</i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_397" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 397">397</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> 436 (1970) is available from: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/108114/ashe-v-swenson/">CourtListener</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/397/436.html">Findlaw</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=15455227313476065874">Google Scholar</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/397/436/case.html">Justia</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdn.loc.gov/service/ll/usrep/usrep397/usrep397436/usrep397436.pdf">Library of Congress</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oyez.org/cases/1969/57">Oyez (oral 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href="/wiki/Fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">United States Fifth Amendment</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_constitutional_criminal_procedure" title="United States constitutional criminal procedure">criminal procedure</a> case law</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Grand_Jury_Clause" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grand_juries_in_the_United_States" title="Grand juries in the United States">Grand Jury</a> Clause</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hurtado_v._California" title="Hurtado v. California">Hurtado v. California</a></i> (1884)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Bain" title="Ex parte Bain">Ex parte Bain</a></i> (1887)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wong_Wing_v._United_States" title="Wong Wing v. United States">Wong Wing v. United States</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_v._Dow" title="Maxwell v. Dow">Maxwell v. Dow</a></i> (1900)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Moreland" title="United States v. Moreland">United States v. Moreland</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beck_v._Washington" title="Beck v. Washington">Beck v. Washington</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Cotton" title="United States v. Cotton">United States v. Cotton</a></i> (2002)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Double_Jeopardy_Clause" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Double_Jeopardy_Clause" title="Double Jeopardy Clause">Double Jeopardy Clause</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Meaning of "same offense"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Blockburger_v._United_States" title="Blockburger v. United States">Blockburger v. United States</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grady_v._Corbin" title="Grady v. Corbin">Grady v. Corbin</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Felix" title="United States v. Felix">United States v. Felix</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Dixon" title="United States v. Dixon">United States v. Dixon</a></i> (1993)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After acquittal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Randenbush" class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Randenbush">United States v. Randenbush</a></i> (1834)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ball_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ball v. United States (page does not exist)">Ball v. United States</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burton_v._United_States" title="Burton v. United States">Burton v. United States</a></i> (1906)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fong_Foo_v._United_States" title="Fong Foo v. United States">Fong Foo v. United States</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ashe v. Swenson</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burks_v._United_States" title="Burks v. United States">Burks v. United States</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Evans_v._Michigan" title="Evans v. Michigan">Evans v. Michigan</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bravo-Fernandez_v._United_States" title="Bravo-Fernandez v. United States">Bravo-Fernandez v. United States</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/McElrath_v._Georgia" title="McElrath v. Georgia">McElrath v. Georgia</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After conviction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Wilson" title="United States v. Wilson">United States v. Wilson</a></i> (1833)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_v._Massachusetts" title="Ludwig v. Massachusetts">Ludwig v. Massachusetts</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grady_v._Corbin" title="Grady v. Corbin">Grady v. Corbin</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Felix" title="United States v. Felix">United States v. Felix</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Dixon" title="United States v. Dixon">United States v. Dixon</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Smith_v._United_States_(2023)" title="Smith v. United States (2023)">Smith v. United States</a></i> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After mistrial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Perez" title="United States v. Perez">United States v. Perez</a></i> (1824)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Jorn" title="United States v. Jorn">United States v. Jorn</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Dinitz" title="United States v. Dinitz">United States v. Dinitz</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oregon_v._Kennedy" title="Oregon v. Kennedy">Oregon v. Kennedy</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blueford_v._Arkansas" title="Blueford v. Arkansas">Blueford v. Arkansas</a></i> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multiple punishment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Blockburger_v._United_States" title="Blockburger v. United States">Blockburger v. United States</a></i> (1932)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dual sovereignty doctrine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_v._Lanza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States v. Lanza (page does not exist)">United States v. Lanza</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bartkus_v._Illinois" title="Bartkus v. Illinois">Bartkus v. Illinois</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Waller_v._Florida" title="Waller v. Florida">Waller v. Florida</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Wheeler_(1978)" title="United States v. Wheeler (1978)">United States v. Wheeler</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heath_v._Alabama" title="Heath v. Alabama">Heath v. Alabama</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Lara" title="United States v. Lara">United States v. Lara</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_v._Sanchez_Valle" title="Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle">Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gamble_v._United_States" title="Gamble v. United States">Gamble v. United States</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Denezpi_v._United_States" title="Denezpi v. United States">Denezpi v. United States</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Bigelow" title="Ex parte Bigelow">Ex parte Bigelow</a></i> (1885)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palko_v._Connecticut" title="Palko v. Connecticut">Palko v. Connecticut</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_ex_rel._Francis_v._Resweber" title="Louisiana ex rel. Francis v. Resweber">Louisiana ex rel. Francis v. Resweber</a></i> (1947)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baxstrom_v._Herold" title="Baxstrom v. Herold">Baxstrom v. Herold</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_v._Pearce" title="North Carolina v. Pearce">North Carolina v. Pearce</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benton_v._Maryland" title="Benton v. Maryland">Benton v. Maryland</a></i> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Self-Incrimination_Clause" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Self-Incrimination_Clause" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-Incrimination Clause">Self-Incrimination Clause</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curcio_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curcio v. United States (page does not exist)">Curcio v. United States</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Griffin_v._California" title="Griffin v. California">Griffin v. California</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miranda_v._Arizona" title="Miranda v. Arizona">Miranda v. Arizona</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boulden_v._Holman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boulden v. Holman (page does not exist)">Boulden v. Holman</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Williams_v._Florida" title="Williams v. Florida">Williams v. Florida</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michigan_v._Tucker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michigan v. Tucker (page does not exist)">Michigan v. Tucker</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edwards_v._Arizona" title="Edwards v. Arizona">Edwards v. Arizona</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oregon_v._Elstad" title="Oregon v. Elstad">Oregon v. Elstad</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doe_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doe v. United States (page does not exist)">Doe v. United States</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Illinois_v._Perkins" title="Illinois v. Perkins">Illinois v. Perkins</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/McNeil_v._Wisconsin" title="McNeil v. Wisconsin">McNeil v. Wisconsin</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_v._United_States_(1999)" title="Mitchell v. United States (1999)">Mitchell v. United States</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Hubbell" title="United States v. Hubbell">United States v. Hubbell</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dickerson_v._United_States" title="Dickerson v. United States">Dickerson v. United States</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chavez_v._Martinez" title="Chavez v. Martinez">Chavez v. Martinez</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yarborough_v._Alvarado" title="Yarborough v. Alvarado">Yarborough v. Alvarado</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missouri_v._Seibert" title="Missouri v. Seibert">Missouri v. Seibert</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Patane" title="United States v. Patane">United States v. Patane</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corley_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corley v. United States (page does not exist)">Corley v. United States</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Florida_v._Powell" title="Florida v. Powell">Florida v. Powell</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maryland_v._Shatzer" title="Maryland v. Shatzer">Maryland v. Shatzer</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Berghuis_v._Thompkins" title="Berghuis v. Thompkins">Berghuis v. Thompkins</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J._D._B._v._North_Carolina" title="J. D. B. v. North Carolina">J. D. B. v. North Carolina</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bobby_v._Dixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Bobby v. Dixon">Bobby v. Dixon</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Howes_v._Fields" title="Howes v. Fields">Howes v. 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