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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Argentina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argentina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Argentina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argentina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bolivia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bolivia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bolivia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bolivia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brazil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brazil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Brazil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brazil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Chile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colombia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colombia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Colombia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colombia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Cuba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyprus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyprus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Cyprus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyprus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Czech_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Czech_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Czech Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Czech_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecuador" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecuador"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Ecuador</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecuador-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egypt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egypt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Egypt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egypt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Georgia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Georgia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Georgia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Georgia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gibraltar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gibraltar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>Gibraltar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gibraltar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20</span> <span>Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indonesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indonesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22</span> <span>Indonesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indonesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">23</span> <span>Iran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iraq" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">24</span> <span>Iraq</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">25</span> <span>Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">26</span> <span>Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jamaica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jamaica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">27</span> <span>Jamaica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jamaica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">28</span> <span>Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kosovo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kosovo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">29</span> <span>Kosovo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kosovo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kuwait" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kuwait"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">30</span> <span>Kuwait</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kuwait-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lebanon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lebanon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">31</span> <span>Lebanon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lebanon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaysia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaysia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">32</span> <span>Malaysia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaysia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">33</span> <span>Mexico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">34</span> <span>New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">35</span> <span>Pakistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">36</span> <span>Philippines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">37</span> <span>Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portugal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portugal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">38</span> <span>Portugal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portugal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">39</span> <span>Romania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">40</span> <span>Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saudi_Arabia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saudi_Arabia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">41</span> <span>Saudi Arabia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saudi_Arabia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serbia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serbia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">42</span> <span>Serbia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serbia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singapore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singapore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">43</span> <span>Singapore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singapore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Somalia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Somalia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">44</span> <span>Somalia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Somalia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">45</span> <span>South Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">46</span> <span>Spain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taiwan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taiwan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">47</span> <span>Taiwan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taiwan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tunisia_and_Morocco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tunisia_and_Morocco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">48</span> <span>Tunisia and Morocco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tunisia_and_Morocco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">49</span> <span>Turkey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">50</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle United Kingdom subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-England_and_Wales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#England_and_Wales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">50.1</span> <span>England and Wales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-England_and_Wales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scotland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scotland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">50.2</span> <span>Scotland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scotland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">50.3</span> <span>Northern Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">51</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uruguay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uruguay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">52</span> <span>Uruguay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uruguay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venezuela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venezuela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">53</span> <span>Venezuela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venezuela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">54</span> <span>Vietnam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">55</span> <span>Explanatory notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">56</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">57</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Middle school</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A5%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="تعليم إعدادي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تعليم إعدادي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiong-ha%CC%8Dk-h%C4%81u" title="Tiong-ha̍k-hāu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiong-ha̍k-hāu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сярэдняя школа – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сярэдняя школа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сярэдняя школа – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сярэдняя школа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellemskole" title="Mellemskole – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mellemskole" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Γυμνάσιο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γυμνάσιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="دوره متوسطه اول – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دوره متوسطه اول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="중학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%BB%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A4%D5%BA%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%81" title="Միջին դպրոց – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միջին դպրոց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagnfr%C3%A6%C3%B0ask%C3%B3li" title="Gagnfræðaskóli – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gagnfræðaskóli" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%98%D7%99%D7%91%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="חטיבת ביניים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חטיבת ביניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamatskola" title="Pamatskola – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pamatskola" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%89%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ミドルスクール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミドルスクール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middelskole" title="Middelskole – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Middelskole" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Школа среднего звена – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Школа среднего звена" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_school" title="Middle school – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Middle school" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellanskola" title="Mellanskola – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mellanskola" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paaralang_panggitna" title="Paaralang panggitna – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Paaralang panggitna" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF" title="நடுநிலைப் பள்ளி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நடுநிலைப் பள்ளி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мактаби миёна – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мактаби миёна" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortaokul" title="Ortaokul – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ortaokul" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Середня школа – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Середня школа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trung_h%E1%BB%8Dc_c%C6%A1_s%E1%BB%9F" title="Trung học cơ sở – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trung học cơ sở" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mektebo_miyan%C3%AAn" title="Mektebo miyanên – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mektebo miyanên" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E7%BA%A7%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="初级中学 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="初级中学" data-language-autonym="中文" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_School&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle School">Middle School</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Schooling in-between primary and secondary schools</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Junior High School" redirects here. For the senior half of secondary school, see <a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">Secondary school</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Classroom,_Myanmar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Classroom%2C_Myanmar.jpg/220px-Classroom%2C_Myanmar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Classroom%2C_Myanmar.jpg/330px-Classroom%2C_Myanmar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Classroom%2C_Myanmar.jpg/440px-Classroom%2C_Myanmar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2256" data-file-height="1496" /></a><figcaption>A middle school classroom in <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> in 2007</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Middle school</b>, also known as <b>intermediate school</b>, <b>junior high school</b>, <b>junior secondary school</b>, or <b>lower secondary school</b>, is an <a href="/wiki/Educational_stage" title="Educational stage">educational stage</a> between <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">primary school</a> and <a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">secondary school</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Afghanistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, middle school includes grades 6, 7, and 8, consisting of students from ages 11 to 14. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Algeria">Algeria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Algeria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, a middle school includes 4 grades: 6, 7, 8, and 9, consisting of students from ages 11–14. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Argentina">Argentina</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Argentina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Argentina" title="Education in Argentina">Education in Argentina</a></div> <p>The <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">ciclo básico</i></span> of secondary education (ages 11–14) is roughly equivalent to middle school. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Australia">Australia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>No states of <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> have separate middle schools, as students go directly from <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">primary school</a> (for years K/preparatory–6) to <a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">secondary school</a> (years 7–12, usually referred to as <a href="/wiki/High_school" class="mw-redirect" title="High school">high school</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As an alternative to the middle school model, some secondary schools classify their grades as "middle school" (years 5,6,7,8 where primary and secondary campuses share facilities or 7,8,9 in a secondary campus) or "junior high school" (years 7, 8 and 9) and "senior high school" (years 10, 11 and 12). Some have three levels, "junior" (years 7 and 8), "intermediate" (years 9 and 10), and "senior" (years 11 and 12). Some schools run a specialised year 9 program separate from the other secondary year levels. </p><p>In 1996 and 1997, a national conference met to develop what became known as the National Middle Schooling Project, which aimed to develop a common Australian view of </p> <ul><li>early adolescent needs</li> <li>guiding principles for educators</li> <li>appropriate strategies to foster positive adolescent learning.</li></ul> <p>The first middle school established in Australia was <a href="/wiki/The_Armidale_School" title="The Armidale School">The Armidale School</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Armidale. Other schools have since followed this trend. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a> has introduced a <a href="/wiki/Three-tier_education" title="Three-tier education">three tier system</a> featuring Middle Schools for years 7–9 (approximate age 13–15) and high school year 10–12 (approximate age 16–18).<sup id="cite_ref-NT_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NT-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many schools across Queensland have introduced a Middle School tier within their schools. The middle schools cover years 5 to 8.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, middle school is not separated as in other countries. Generally, schools are from class 1 to class 10. It means lower primary (1–5), upper primary (6–10). Class 6–8 is thought of as middle school. Grades 1,2,3,4 and 5 are said to be primary school while all the classes from 6 to 10 are considered high school (as middle school and high school are not considered separate) while 11–12 (inclusive) is called college. </p> <ul><li>1–5 is known as <b>primary</b> (Part of Primary School)</li> <li>6–8 is known as <b>lower secondary</b> (Part of High School)</li> <li>9–10 is known as <b>secondary</b> (part of High School)</li> <li>11–12 is known as <b>higher secondary</b> also known as <b>college</b>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bolivia">Bolivia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bolivia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Middle schools in <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> have been abolished since 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students aged 11–15 attend the last years of elementary education or the first years of secondary education. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Brazil">Brazil</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Brazil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, middle school is a mandatory stage that precedes <a href="/wiki/High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="High School">High School</a> (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Ensino Médio</i></span>) called "Ensino Fundamental II" consisting of grades 6 to 9, ages 11 to 14. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canada">Canada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Canada" title="Education in Canada">Education in Canada</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, the terms "middle school" and "junior high school" are both used, depending on which grades the school caters to.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Junior high schools tend to include only grades 7, 8, and sometimes 9 (some older schools with the name 'carved in concrete' still use "Junior High" as part of their name, although grade nine is now missing), whereas middle schools are usually grades 6–8 or only grades 7–8 or 6–7 (i.e. around ages 11–14), varying from area to area and also according to population vs. building capacity. </p><p>Another common model is grades 5–8. <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland" class="mw-redirect" title="Newfoundland">Newfoundland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a> junior high schools typically include grades 7–9, with the first year of high school traditionally being grade 10. In some places students go from elementary school to secondary school, meaning the elementary school covers to the end of grade 8. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, the terms "middle school" and "senior public school" (sometimes just grades 7 and 8) are used, with the latter being used particularly in the Old Toronto and Scarborough sections of <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> plus in Mississauga, Brampton, and Kitchener-Waterloo. In many smaller Ontario cities and in some parts of larger cities, most elementary schools serve junior kindergarten to grade 8 meaning there are no separate middle schools buildings, while in some cities (such as Hamilton) specific schools do serve the intermediate grades (i.e. grades 6–8 or grades 7–8) but are still called "elementary" or "public" schools with no recognition of the grades they serve in their name. </p><p>In the province of <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, there is no middle school section; post-elementary grade 6, the secondary level has five grades, called Secondary I to Secondary V (grades 7 to 11). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chile">Chile</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Chile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Chile" title="Education in Chile">Education in Chile</a></div> <p>There is no proper "middle school" in <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, but rather an analogous <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Educación Básica</i></span> that encompasses both elementary and middle schools. <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Educación Básica</i></span> includes grades 1 through 8, consisting of students from ages 6 to 14. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="China">China</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">primary school</a> covers grades 1–6 and secondary school covers grades 7–12. Secondary schools are further divided into two stages, <b>junior high school</b> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">初级中学 chūjízhōngxué</span></span> or <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">初中 chūzhōng</span></span>, grades 7–9) and <b>senior high school</b> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">高级中学 gāojízhōngxué</span></span> or <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">高中 gāozhōng</span></span>), grades 10–12). The Chinese junior high school is roughly equivalent to an American middle school, and provides the last 3 years of the <a href="/wiki/Compulsory_education#China" title="Compulsory education">nine-year compulsory education</a> required for all Chinese citizens. The senior high school is optional but considered as critical preparation for tertiary education. </p><p>The admissions for most students to enrol in senior secondary schools from the junior stage are on the basis of the scores that they get in "<a href="/wiki/Zhongkao" title="Zhongkao">Senior High School Entrance Exam</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which are held by local governments. Other students may bypass the exam, based on their distinctive talents, like athletics, leadership merits or excellent <a href="/wiki/Coursework" title="Coursework">coursework</a> performance in junior stage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colombia">Colombia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Colombia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Colombia" title="Education in Colombia">Education in Colombia</a></div> <p>Secondary education is divided into basic secondary (grades 6 to 9) and mid-secondary (grades 10 and 11). The students in basic secondary, roughly equivalent to middle school, are 11 or 12 to 15 or 16 years old. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cuba">Cuba</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Cuba"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Cuba" title="Education in Cuba">Education in Cuba</a></div> <p><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Secundaria básica</i></span> (basic secondary, seventh through ninth grades) is the approximate equivalent of middle school in <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cyprus">Cyprus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Cyprus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Cyprus, the equivalent period to middle school is called <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">γυμνάσιο</span></span> (<span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">gymnasio</i></span> 'gymnasium'), which caters to children between the ages 12 and 15, i.e. 7th, 8th, and 9th grade. This is followed by <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">λύκειο</span></span> (<span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">lykeio</i></span>, 'lyceum'), for ages 16 to 18. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Czech_Republic">Czech Republic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Czech Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> after completing the nine-year elementary school (<a href="/wiki/Compulsory_school_attendance" class="mw-redirect" title="Compulsory school attendance">compulsory school attendance</a>) a student may apply for high school or grammar school.<sup id="cite_ref-czech-education-act_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-czech-education-act-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Students have the opportunity to enroll in high school from Grade 6 or (less commonly<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>) Grade 8 of elementary school, spending eight or six years respectively at high school that otherwise takes four years. Thus they can spend five years in elementary school, followed by eight in high school. The first four years of the eight-year study program at high school are comparable with junior high school.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Gymnasium focuses on a more advanced academic approach to education.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> All other types of high schools except gymnasiums and <a href="/wiki/Music_school" title="Music school">conservatories</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Lyceum" title="Lyceum">lyceums</a>) accept only students that finished Grade 9.<sup id="cite_ref-czech-education-act_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-czech-education-act-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecuador">Ecuador</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Ecuador"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Ecuador" title="Education in Ecuador">Education in Ecuador</a></div> <p>The 4th and last level of <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">educación general básica</i></span> (ages 12–14) is roughly equivalent to middle school. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Egypt">Egypt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Egypt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, middle school precedes high school. It is called the preparatory stage and consists of three phases: first preparatory in which students study more subjects than primary with different branches. For instance, <a href="/wiki/Algebra" title="Algebra">algebra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Geometry" title="Geometry">geometry</a> are taught instead of "mathematics." In the second preparatory phase, students study science, geography, the history of Egypt starting with <a href="/wiki/History_of_ancient_Egypt" title="History of ancient Egypt">pharaonic history</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Coptic_history" title="Coptic history">Coptic history</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamic_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic history">Islamic history</a>, and concluding with <a href="/wiki/History_of_modern_Egypt" title="History of modern Egypt">modern history</a>. The students are taught two languages, <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_(language)" class="mw-redirect" title="English (language)">English</a>. Middle school (preparatory stage) lasts for three years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="France">France</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In France, the equivalent period to middle school is <a href="/wiki/Secondary_education_in_France" title="Secondary education in France">collège</a>, which lasts four years from the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sixi%C3%A8me&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sixième (page does not exist)">Sixième</a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classe_de_sixi%C3%A8me_fran%C3%A7aise" class="extiw" title="fr:Classe de sixième française">fr</a>]</sup></i></span> ("sixth," the equivalent of the Canadian and American <a href="/wiki/Grade_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Grade 6">Grade 6</a>) to the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Troisi%C3%A8me&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Troisième (page does not exist)">Troisième</a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classe_de_troisi%C3%A8me_fran%C3%A7aise" class="extiw" title="fr:Classe de troisième française">fr</a>]</sup></i></span> ("third," the equivalent of the Canadian and American <a href="/wiki/Grade_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Grade 9">Grade 9</a>), accommodating pupils aged between 11 and 14. Upon completion of the latter, students are awarded a <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Brevet_des_coll%C3%A8ges" class="mw-redirect" title="Brevet des collèges">brevet des collèges</a></i></span> if they obtain a certain number of points on a series of tests in various subjects (French, history/geography, mathematics, physics/chemistry), but also on a series of skills completed during the last year and on oral examinations (e.g. about cross-subject topics on which they work during the final year of collège). They can then enter high school (called <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycée">lycée</a></i></span>), which lasts three years from the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seconde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seconde (page does not exist)">Seconde</a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seconde_(lyc%C3%A9e)" class="extiw" title="fr:Seconde (lycée)">fr</a>]</sup></i></span> to the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terminale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terminale (page does not exist)">Terminale</a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminale_(lyc%C3%A9e)" class="extiw" title="fr:Terminale (lycée)">fr</a>]</sup></i></span> until the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Baccalaur%C3%A9at" title="Baccalauréat">baccalauréat</a></i></span>, and during which they can choose a general or a vocational field of study.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Georgia">Georgia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Georgia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Education in Georgia (country)">Education in Georgia (country)</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>, the equivalent period to middle school covers ages 12 to 15, from the 7th grade to the 9th and guarantees basic educational degree certificate.<sup id="cite_ref-geo_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Gibraltar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are four middle schools in Gibraltar, following the English model of middle-deemed-primary schools accommodating pupils aged between 9 and 12 (National Curriculum Years 4 to 7). The schools were opened in 1972 when the government introduced comprehensive education in the territory.<sup id="cite_ref-gib_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gib-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Greece">Greece</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Greece#Secondary_education" title="Education in Greece">Education in Greece § Secondary education</a></div> <p>In Greece, the equivalent period to middle school is called <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">γυμνάσιο</span></span> (<span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">gymnasio</i></span>), which caters to children between the ages 12 and 15, i.e. 7th, 8th, and 9th grade. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="India">India</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_India" title="Education in India">Education in India</a></div> <p>In India, Middle School is classified as Upper Primary (Class 6–8).<sup id="cite_ref-Amaidi_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amaidi-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each state has its own State Board. Each has its own standards, which might be different from the Central Boards.<sup id="cite_ref-Amaidi_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amaidi-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some institutions, providing education for 5th to 10th is known as a secondary school.<sup id="cite_ref-Amaidi_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amaidi-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The levels of education in India are: </p> <ul><li>Pre-Primary – Nursery to KG</li> <li>Primary (Lower Primary) – Classes I to V</li> <li>Middle School (Upper Primary) – Classes VI to VIII</li> <li>High school – Classes IX to X</li> <li>Higher Secondary (PUC or Intermediate or Plus Two) – Classes XI to XII</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indonesia">Indonesia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Indonesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Indonesia" title="Education in Indonesia">Education in Indonesia</a></div> <p>In Indonesia, middle school (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id">Sekolah Menengah Pertama, SMP</i>) covers ages 12 to 15 or grade 7 to grade 9. </p><p>Although compulsory education ends at junior high, most pursue higher education. There are around 22,000 middle schools in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> with a balanced ownership between public and private sector.<sup id="cite_ref-stats0405ms_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats0405ms-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iran">Iran</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Iran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iran calls Middle School Guidance School, which caters to children between the ages 12 and 15, i.e. 7th, 8th and 9th grade.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iraq">Iraq</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Iraq"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Middle school in Iraq, which is most commonly referred to as Intermediate school, enrolls children between the ages 12 and 15, i.e. 7th, 8th, and 9th grade. Upon completion of the 9th grade, students take the National Intermediate Baccalaureate Examination, which when passed, students get the option to enter either secondary general or vocational school.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Israel">Israel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In most of the cities in Israel, middle school (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a>: <span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he">חטיבת ביניים, Khativat Beynaiym</span></span>) covers ages 12 to 15. From the 7th grade to the 9th.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Italy">Italy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Italy the equivalent is the <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Scuola_secondaria_di_secondo_grado" class="mw-redirect" title="Scuola secondaria di secondo grado">scuola secondaria di primo grado</a></i></span> formerly and commonly called lower middle school (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Scuola Media Inferiore</i></span>), often shortened to middle school (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Scuola Media</i></span>). When the <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Scuola_secondaria_di_secondo_grado" class="mw-redirect" title="Scuola secondaria di secondo grado">Scuola secondaria di secondo grado</a></i></span>, the equivalent of high school, was formerly called higher middle school (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">superiori</i></span>), commonly called Superiori. The Middle School lasts three years from the student age of 11 to age 13. Since 2009, after <a href="/wiki/Gelmini_reform" title="Gelmini reform">Gelmini reform</a>, the middle school was renamed <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Scuola secondaria di primo grado</i></span> (junior secondary school). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jamaica">Jamaica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Jamaica"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Middle school in Jamaica is called "Junior High School." It is from grade 7–9 but this idea is becoming rare now so these grades are considered lower secondary. </p><p>(They also have a primary school (grades 1–6) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Japan">Japan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Japan" title="Education in Japan">Education in Japan</a></div> <p>Junior high schools (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">中学校 chūgakkō</span></span>) 7th to 9th grade are for children aged twelve through fifteen years old. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kosovo">Kosovo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Kosovo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> "middle school" refers to <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Kosovo#High_secondary_education,_gymnasiums,_and_professional_schools" title="Education in Kosovo">educational institutions for ages between 14 and 18</a>, and lasts 3–4 years, following elementary school (which lasts 8 or 9 years). "<a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">Gymnasiums</a>" are the most prestigious type of "middle" school. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kuwait">Kuwait</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Kuwait"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>, middle school is from grade 6–9 and from age 11–14. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lebanon">Lebanon</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Lebanon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>, middle school or intermediate school consists of grades 7, 8, and 9. At the end of 9th grade, the student is given the <a href="/wiki/National_diploma_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="National diploma (France)">National diploma</a> examination. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Malaysia">Malaysia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Malaysia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, the middle school equivalent is called lower secondary school which consists of students from age 13 to 15 (Form 1–3).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Usually, these lower secondary schools are combined with upper secondary schools to form a single secondary school which is also known as high school. Students ( formerly ) at the end of their lower secondary studies are required to sit for an examination called PT3 (<a href="/wiki/Penilaian_Menengah_Rendah" title="Penilaian Menengah Rendah">Form 3. 7 subjects for non-Muslim students and 8 subjects for Muslim students</a>) in order to determine their field of studies for upper secondary (Form 4–5). <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> [PT3 has been replaced by UASA (Ujian Akhir Semester Akademik)] </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mexico">Mexico</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Mexico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Mexico" title="Education in Mexico">Education in Mexico</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, the middle school system is called <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Secundaria</i></span> and usually comprises three years, grades 7–9 (ages: 7: 12–13, 8: 13–14, 9: 14–15). It is completed after <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Primaria</i></span> (Elementary School, up to grade 6: ages 6–12) and before <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Preparatoria/Bachillerato</i></span> (High School, grades 10–12 ages 15–18). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_New_Zealand" title="Education in New Zealand">Education in New Zealand</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> middle schools are known as "intermediate schools." They generally cover years 7 and 8 (formerly known as Forms 1 to 2). Students are generally aged between 10 and 13. There are full primary schools which also contain year 7 and 8 with students continuing to secondary school at year 9 (formerly known as Form 3).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some secondary schools also include years 7 and 8.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>After 2000 there was an increased interest in middle schooling (for years 7–10) with at least seven schools offering education to this age group opening around the country in Auckland, Cambridge, Hamilton, Christchurch and Upper Hutt.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pakistan">Pakistan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Pakistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Pakistan" title="Education in Pakistan">Education in Pakistan</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, middle school is from Grade 6–8. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philippines">Philippines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Philippines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines" title="Education in the Philippines">Education in the Philippines</a></div> <p>Since the implementation of the <a href="/wiki/K%E2%80%9312" title="K–12">K–12</a> education system on April 24, 2012, middle school education in the Philippines is called "Junior High School." It lasts for 4 years from <a href="/wiki/Seventh_grade" title="Seventh grade">Grades 7</a> to <a href="/wiki/Tenth_grade" title="Tenth grade">10</a> for students age 12 to 16. Some schools, such as Miriam College in Loyola Heights as well as Lourdes School of Quezon City in Sta. Mesa Heights, have their Middle Schools from <a href="/wiki/Sixth_grade" title="Sixth grade">Grades 6</a> to <a href="/wiki/Eighth_grade" title="Eighth grade">8</a>. It is preceded by a 6-year elementary school and followed by a 2-year "senior high school" program. </p><p>Until the phaseout of the 1945–2017 K–10 high school system on June 1, 2015, upon the start of SY 2015–2016, there were no official middle school programs implemented and the equivalent years was simply called "High School" which ranged from 1st Year to 4th Year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poland">Poland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Poland" title="Education in Poland">Education in Poland</a></div> <p>Following a 2017 education reform the Polish middle school called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">gimnazjum</i></span> was disbanded. After eight years of mandatory primary school, pupils can move on to a high school of choice, each spanning a year more than before.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Middle school in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> was first introduced in 1932. The education was intended for pupils of at least 12 years of age and lasted four years. They were abolished by the <a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Polish People's Republic</a> government in a 1948 reform. The middle schools were then reinstated in 1999, lasting three years after six years of <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">primary school</a>. Pupils entering <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">gimnazjum</i></span> were usually 13 years old. Middle school was compulsory for all students, and was the final stage of mandatory education. In the final year students would take a <a href="/wiki/Standardized_test" title="Standardized test">standardized test</a> to evaluate their academic skills. Based on the test results, they were then admitted to a high school of their choice.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Portugal">Portugal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Portugal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Portugal" title="Education in Portugal">Education in Portugal</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, the middle school is known as 2nd and 3rd cycles of basic education (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">2º e 3º ciclos do ensino básico</i></span>). It comprises the 5th till 9th year of compulsory education, for children between ten and fifteen years old. After the education reform of 1986, the former preparatory school: </p> <ul><li>1st cycle (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">1º ciclo</i></span>) – former primary education <ul><li>"1st year" (6–7 years old)</li> <li>"2nd year" (7–8 years old)</li> <li>"3rd year" (8–9 years old)</li> <li>"4th year" (9–10 years old)</li></ul></li> <li>2nd cycle (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">2º ciclo</i></span>) – former preparatory education <ul><li>"5th year" (10–11 years old)</li> <li>"6th year" (11–12 years old)</li></ul></li> <li>3rd cycle (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">3º ciclo</i></span>) <ul><li>"7th year" (12–13 years old)</li> <li>"8th year" (13–14 years old)</li> <li>"9th year" (14–15 years old)</li></ul></li> <li>High School (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">ensino secundário</i></span>) <ul><li>"10th year" (15–16 years old)</li> <li>"11th year" (16–17 years old)</li> <li>"12th year" (17–18 years old)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Romania">Romania</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Romania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Romania" title="Education in Romania">Education in Romania</a></div> <p>Middle school in Romania, or <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">gymnasium</a> (<span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">gimnaziu</i></span>), includes grades 5 to 8 and the students usually share the building with the students of primary school but in different wings/floors. Primary school lessons are taught by a handful of teachers: most are covered by one of them, and more specific areas such as foreign languages, religion or gym may have dedicated teachers. The transition to middle school changes of that to a one teacher per course model where the students usually remain in the same classroom while the teachers rotate between courses. At the end of the eighth grade (usually corresponding to age 14 or 15), students take a written exam that counts for 80% (before, it used to be 50%) of the average needed to enroll in high school. Students then go to <a href="/wiki/High_school" class="mw-redirect" title="High school">high school</a> or <a href="/wiki/Vocational_school" title="Vocational school">vocational school</a>, depending on their final grade.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2020, all four years of upper secondary education, up to the twelfth grade, are compulsory.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The education process is done in numbered semesters, the first semester lasting 15 weeks between September and December and the second semester lasting 20 weeks between January and June. Since 2022, the school year is divided into 5 modules. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Russia">Russia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Russia" title="Education in Russia">Education in Russia</a></div> <p>Middle school in Russia covers grades 5 to 9, and is a natural continuation of primary school activities (almost always they are in the same building with both primary and high school, usually located in different wings/floors). Primary school lessons are taught by a handful of teachers: most are covered by one of them, and more specific areas such as English or gym may have dedicated teachers. The transition to middle school changes that to a one teacher per course model, where teachers stay in their classrooms and pupils change rooms during breaks. Examples of courses include <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a> (split from grade 7 into <a href="/wiki/Algebra" title="Algebra">algebra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geometry" title="Geometry">geometry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">physics</a>), <a href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">visual arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian language</a>, <a href="/wiki/Foreign_language" title="Foreign language">foreign language</a>, <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">history</a>, <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geography" title="Geography">geography</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a> (from grade 8), <a href="/wiki/Social_theory" title="Social theory">social theory</a> (in grade 9).<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The education process is done in numbered <a href="/wiki/Academic_quarter_(year_division)" title="Academic quarter (year division)">quarters</a>, with the first quarter covering September and October, second quarter November and December, third quarter going from mid January to mid March, fourth quarter covering April and May. There are one week long holidays between quarters 1 and 2 as well as 3 and 4, somewhat longer holidays between quarters 2 and 3 to allow for New Year festivities, and a three-month break between the years.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of middle school most people stay in school for two more years and get a certificate allowing them to pursue university, but some switch to <a href="/wiki/Vocational-technical_school" title="Vocational-technical school">vocational-technical schools</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Saudi_Arabia">Saudi Arabia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Saudi Arabia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Education in Saudi Arabia">Education in Saudi Arabia</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, middle school includes grade 7 through 9, consisting of students from ages 13 to 15. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Serbia">Serbia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Serbia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Serbia" title="Education in Serbia">Education in Serbia</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> "middle school" refers to educational institutions for ages between 14 and 18, and lasts 4 years, following elementary school (which lasts 8 or 9 years). "<a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">Gymnasiums</a>" are the most prestigious type of "middle" school. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Singapore">Singapore</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Singapore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Singapore" title="Education in Singapore">Education in Singapore</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Students_of_Nan_Hua_High_School,_Singapore,_in_the_school_hall_-_20060127.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Students_of_Nan_Hua_High_School%2C_Singapore%2C_in_the_school_hall_-_20060127.jpg/220px-Students_of_Nan_Hua_High_School%2C_Singapore%2C_in_the_school_hall_-_20060127.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Students_of_Nan_Hua_High_School%2C_Singapore%2C_in_the_school_hall_-_20060127.jpg/330px-Students_of_Nan_Hua_High_School%2C_Singapore%2C_in_the_school_hall_-_20060127.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Students_of_Nan_Hua_High_School%2C_Singapore%2C_in_the_school_hall_-_20060127.jpg/440px-Students_of_Nan_Hua_High_School%2C_Singapore%2C_in_the_school_hall_-_20060127.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Students in the school hall of <a href="/wiki/Nan_Hua_High_School" title="Nan Hua High School">Nan Hua High School</a>, a secondary school in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Middle school is equivalent to the lower secondary levels (secondary 1 & 2) of a secondary school in Singapore. It consists of students between 12 and 14 years of age. Secondary schools are also known as high schools in Singapore. Locally, middle school can also be called junior high school. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Somalia">Somalia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Somalia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Somalia" title="Education in Somalia">Education in Somalia</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>, middle school identified as intermediate school is the four years between secondary school and primary school. Pupils start middle school from form as referred to in Somalia or year 5 and finish it at year 8. Students start middle school from the age of 11 and finish it when they are 14–15. Subjects, which middle school pupils take are: <a href="/wiki/Somali_language" title="Somali language">Somali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religion_%26_Education" title="Religion & Education">Religion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">Science</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geography" title="Geography">Geography</a>, <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">History</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">Math</a>, <a href="/wiki/Textiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Textiles">Textiles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Art_and_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Art and Design">Art and Design</a>, <a href="/wiki/Physical_education" title="Physical education">Physical Education (PE)</a> (Football) and sometimes <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">Music</a>. In some middle schools, it is obligatory to study <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="South_Korea">South Korea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: South Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_South_Korea" title="Education in South Korea">Education in South Korea</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>, a middle school is called a <span title="Korean-language romanization"><i lang="ko-Latn">jung hakgyo</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a>: <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko">중학교</span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a>: <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD" class="extiw" title="wikt:中">中</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%AD%B8" class="extiw" title="wikt:學">學</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%A0%A1" class="extiw" title="wikt:校">校</a>) which includes grades 7 through 9 (referred to as: middle school 1st–3rd grades; approx. age 13–15).<sup id="cite_ref-MEST_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEST-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spain">Spain</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Spain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Spain" title="Education in Spain">Education in Spain</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, education is compulsory for children and teenagers between 6 and 16 years. Basic education is divided into <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Educación Primaria</i></span> (first grade through sixth grade), which is the Spanish equivalent of elementary school; and <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Educación Secundaria Obligatoria</i></span> or ESO (seventh through tenth grade), roughly the Spanish equivalent of middle school and (partially) high school. The usual ages in ESO are 12 to 15 years old, but they can range between 11 and 16 depending on the birth date (a student who was born late in the year may start ESO at 11 if he or she will turn 12 before January 1, and a student who was born early in the year may finish ESO after turning 16). </p><p>After ESO, students can continue their pre-university education attending to <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Bachillerato</i></span> (eleventh and twelfth grade) or choose a <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Ciclo de Formación Profesional</i></span> (an improved type of vocational school). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taiwan">Taiwan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Taiwan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Junior high schools (three years from 7th to 9th grade) in Taiwan were originally called primary middle school.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in August 1968, they were renamed nationals' middle school <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> often translated junior high) when they became free of charge and compulsory. Private middle school nowadays are still called primary middle school. Taiwanese students older than twelve normally attend junior high school. Accompanied with the switch from junior high to middle school was the cancellation of entrance examination needed to enter middle school.<sup id="cite_ref-GIO_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GIO-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tunisia_and_Morocco">Tunisia and Morocco</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Tunisia and Morocco"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Tunisia" title="Education in Tunisia">Education in Tunisia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Morocco" title="Education in Morocco">Education in Morocco</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>, a middle school includes grades 7 through 9, consisting of students from ages 12 to 15. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Turkey">Turkey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Turkey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Turkey" title="Education in Turkey">Education in Turkey</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, a middle school is called a <span title="Turkish-language romanization"><i lang="tr-Latn">ortaokul</i></span> which includes grades 5 through 8, consisting of students from ages 10 to 14. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_England" title="Education in England">Education in England</a>, <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Wales" title="Education in Wales">Education in Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Scotland" title="Education in Scotland">Education in Scotland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Education in Northern Ireland">Education in Northern Ireland</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="England_and_Wales">England and Wales</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: England and Wales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_middle_schools_in_England" title="List of middle schools in England">List of middle schools in England</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Local_education_authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Local education authority">local education authorities</a> introduced middle schools in the 1960s and 1970s. The notion of middle schools was mooted by the <a href="/wiki/Plowden_Report" title="Plowden Report">Plowden Report</a> of 1967 which proposed a change to a <a href="/wiki/Three-tier_education" title="Three-tier education">three-tier model</a> including <a href="/wiki/First_school" class="mw-redirect" title="First school">first schools</a> for children aged between 5 and 8, middle schools for 8–12 year-olds, and then high schools for 12–16 year-olds.<sup id="cite_ref-plowden_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plowden-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some authorities introduced middle schools for ideological reasons, in line with the report, while others did so for more pragmatic reasons relating to the <a href="/wiki/Raising_Of_School_Leaving_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Raising Of School Leaving Age">raising of the school leaving age</a> in compulsory education to 16, or to introduce a <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_school" title="Comprehensive school">comprehensive system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tes81_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tes81-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-circ1065_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-circ1065-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Different authorities introduced different age-range schools, although in the main, three models were used: </p> <ul><li>5–8 first schools, followed by 8–12 middle schools, as suggested by Plowden</li> <li>5–9 first schools, followed by 9–13 middle schools</li> <li>5–10 first schools followed by 10–13 middle schools or intermediate schools</li></ul> <p>In many areas "primary school" rather than first school was used to denote the first tier. </p><p>In addition, some schools were provided as <a href="/wiki/Combined_school" title="Combined school">combined schools</a> catering for pupils in the 5–12 age range as a combined first and middle school.<sup id="cite_ref-tes81_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tes81-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around 2000 middle and combined schools were in place in the early 1980s. However, that number began to fall in the later 1980s with the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/National_Curriculum_(England,_Wales_and_Northern_Ireland)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Curriculum (England, Wales and Northern Ireland)">National Curriculum</a>. The new curriculum's splits in <a href="/wiki/Key_Stage" title="Key Stage">Key Stages</a> at age 11 encouraged the majority of <a href="/wiki/Local_education_authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Local education authority">local education authorities</a> to return to a two-tier system of <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">Primary</a> (sometimes split into <a href="/wiki/Infant_school" title="Infant school">Infant schools</a> and <a href="/wiki/Junior_school" title="Junior school">Junior schools</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">Secondary schools</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are now fewer than 150 middle schools still operational in the United Kingdom, meaning that approximately 90% of middle schools have closed or reverted to primary school status since 1980. The system of 8–12 middle schools has fallen into complete disuse.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="anchor" id="middle_school_deemed_secondary"></span><span class="anchor" id="middle_school_deemed_primary"></span>Under current legislation, as also at the time of the Plowden report, all schools must be deemed either primary or secondary. Thus, middle schools which have more primary year groups than KS3 or KS4 are termed "deemed primaries" or "middles-deemed-primaries," while those with more secondary-aged pupils, or with pupils in Y11 are termed "deemed secondaries" or "middles-deemed-secondaries." For statistical purposes, such schools are often included under primary and secondary categories "as deemed".<sup id="cite_ref-SI1983_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI1983-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notably, most schools also follow teaching patterns in line with their deemed status, with most deemed-primary schools offering a primary-style curriculum taught by one class teacher, and most deemed-secondary schools adopting a more specialist-centred approach. Legally <a href="/wiki/All-through_school" title="All-through school">all-through schools</a> are also considered middle schools (deemed secondary), although they are rarely referred to as such. </p><p>Some middle schools still exist in various areas of England. They are supported by the <a href="/wiki/National_Middle_Schools%27_Forum" title="National Middle Schools' Forum">National Middle Schools' Forum</a>. See <a href="/wiki/List_of_middle_schools_in_England" title="List of middle schools in England">List of middle schools in England</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scotland">Scotland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Scotland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, a similar system to the English one was trialled in <a href="/wiki/Grangemouth_middle_schools" title="Grangemouth middle schools">Grangemouth middle schools</a>, <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk</a> between 1975 and 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-meldrum_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meldrum-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The label of "junior high school" is used for some through schools in Orkney and Shetland which cater for pupils from 5 up to the age of 14, at which point they transfer to a nearby secondary school. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Ireland">Northern Ireland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Northern Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Armagh,_Banbridge_and_Craigavon_District_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Armagh, Banbridge and Craigavon District Council">Armagh, Banbridge and Craigavon District Council</a> area in <a href="/wiki/County_Armagh" title="County Armagh">County Armagh</a>, the Dickson Plan operates, whereby pupils attend a primary school from ages 4 to 10, a junior high school from 11 to 14, and a senior high school or grammar school from 14 to 19. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States" title="Education in the United States">Education in the United States</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IndianolaSchool.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/IndianolaSchool.JPG/220px-IndianolaSchool.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/IndianolaSchool.JPG/330px-IndianolaSchool.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/IndianolaSchool.JPG/440px-IndianolaSchool.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3488" data-file-height="2616" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Indianola_Junior_High_School" title="Indianola Junior High School">Indianola Junior High School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a>, the first middle school in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_County_Middle_School_in_Blairsville,_Ga.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Union_County_Middle_School_in_Blairsville%2C_Ga.jpg/220px-Union_County_Middle_School_in_Blairsville%2C_Ga.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Union_County_Middle_School_in_Blairsville%2C_Ga.jpg/330px-Union_County_Middle_School_in_Blairsville%2C_Ga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Union_County_Middle_School_in_Blairsville%2C_Ga.jpg/440px-Union_County_Middle_School_in_Blairsville%2C_Ga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4629" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>An aerial photo of a modern middle school in <a href="/wiki/Blairsville,_Georgia" title="Blairsville, Georgia">Blairsville, Georgia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, middle schools are educational institutions for students between the ages of 11 and 14 years and comprise grades six to eight with some including grade five. Junior high schools are educational institutions for students between the ages of 12 and 15 years and comprise grades seven to nine. However, some junior high schools and middle schools have established models for grades seven and eight.<sup id="cite_ref-nces_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nces-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The junior high school concept was introduced in 1909, in <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Junior high schools were created for "bridging the gap between the elementary and the high school", an emphasis credited to <a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Eliot" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles W. Eliot">Charles W. Eliot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dmn-jh_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dmn-jh-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 19th century and early 20th century, most American elementary schools had grades 1 through 8 (and 8 or earlier was often the last year of school for many students, who then went to work), and this organization still exists, where some concepts of middle school organization have been adapted to the intermediate grades. As time passed, the junior high school concept increased quickly as new school districts proliferated, or systems modernized buildings and curricula. This expansion continued through the 1960s. Jon Wiles, author of <i>Developing Successful K–8 Schools: A Principal's Guide</i>, said that "a major problem" for the original model was "the inclusion of the ninth grade", because of the lack of instructional flexibility, due to the requirement of having to earn high school credits in the ninth grade and that "the fully adolescent ninth grader in junior high school did not seem to belong with the students experiencing the onset of puberty".<sup id="cite_ref-Wiles3_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wiles3-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new middle school model began to appear in the mid-1960s. Wiles said, "At first, it was difficult to determine the difference between a junior high school and a middle school, but as the middle school became established, the differences became more pronounced".<sup id="cite_ref-Wiles3_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wiles3-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Faculty_(academic_staff)" class="mw-redirect" title="Faculty (academic staff)">faculty</a> is organized into <a href="/wiki/Academic_department" title="Academic department">academic departments</a> that operate more or less independently of one another.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The middle school format has now replaced the junior high format by a ratio of about ten to one in the United States,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> but some school districts have incorporated both systems or a mix of the two. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uruguay">Uruguay</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Uruguay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Uruguay" title="Education in Uruguay">Education in Uruguay</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> public secondary school consists of two stages, one mandatory called "Basic Cycle" or "First Cycle" (<i>ciclo básico</i>). This consists of three years, ages 12–13, 13–14 and 14–15 (equivalent to American 7th, 8th, and 9th grades), and one optional called "Second Cycle" (<i>bachillerato</i>), ages 15–16, 16–17 and 17–18 (equivalent to American 10th, 11th, and 12th grades). The Second Cycle is divided into 4 options in the Uruguayan 5th grade: "Human Sciences", "Biology", "Scientific" and "Arts", and 7 options in the 6th and last grade: "Law" or "Economy" (if Human Sciences course taken in 5th), "Medicine" or "Agronomy" (if Biological course taken in 5th), "Architecture" or "Engineering" (if Scientific course taken in 5th) and "Arts" (if Arts course taken in 5th). </p><p>Both these stages are commonly known as "Liceo" (Spanish for "high school"). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Venezuela">Venezuela</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Venezuela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Venezuela" title="Education in Venezuela">Education in Venezuela</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>, middle schools (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">educación media general</i></span>, ages 12–15) are from 7th grade to 9th grade. </p><p>In some institutions called "Technical Schools" there is an extra grade, for those who want to graduate as "Middle technician" in a certain area. This education would allow them to be hired at a higher level, or get introduced more easily into a college career. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vietnam">Vietnam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Secondary school, or Junior High school, includes grade 6 to 9. After finishing grade 9, students have to take the provincial graduating test, which includes sections on Mathematics, Literature and English. The maximum score for each test is 10, with the first two subjects (called the Core Subjects) multiplied by two for a total possible score of 50. Reward points from a vocational course could also be added to the final score. </p><p>Some public schools use graduating exam scores and student transcripts to make their decisions. Many other public and private schools require students who apply for those schools to take their entrance exams. The administration team student transcripts and exam scores to decide whether students are qualified based on their admissions criteria. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/28px-School.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/42px-School.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/56px-School.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Schools" title="Portal:Schools">Schools portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commonly referred as the "Middle Exam" (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified Chinese">Simplified Chinese</a>: <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中考 (Zhōng Kǎo)</span></span>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pelajar Menengah Rendah</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<i>chuzhong</i>" (初級中學, 初中)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<i>guozhong</i>" (國民中學, 國中)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.watoday.com.au/national/western-australia/shake-up-puts-year-7s-in-high-school-20111208-1oknc.html">"Shake-up puts Year 7s in high school"</a>. WA Today. 8 December 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shake-up+puts+Year+7s+in+high+school&rft.pub=WA+Today&rft.date=2011-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.watoday.com.au%2Fnational%2Fwestern-australia%2Fshake-up-puts-year-7s-in-high-school-20111208-1oknc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130408013530/http://www.as.edu.au//community/archives/Short_History_of_TAS.pdf">"A SHORT HISTORY of THE ARMIDALE SCHOOL"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Armidale School. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.as.edu.au//community/archives/Short_History_of_TAS.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2013-04-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-01-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+SHORT+HISTORY+of+THE+ARMIDALE+SCHOOL&rft.pub=The+Armidale+School&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.as.edu.au%2F%2Fcommunity%2Farchives%2FShort_History_of_TAS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NT-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NT_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080223120910/http://www.middleyears.nt.gov.au/about/">"About Middle Years"</a>. <i>Middle Years – Northern Territory of Australia</i>. Northern Territory Government. 200. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.middleyears.nt.gov.au/about/">the original</a> on 2008-02-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Middle+Years+%E2%80%93+Northern+Territory+of+Australia&rft.atitle=About+Middle+Years&rft.date=200&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middleyears.nt.gov.au%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oei.es/historico/quipu/bolivia/Ley_Reforma_Educativa_1565.pdf">"Ley de Reforma Educativa. 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Education.gouv.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061004023927/http://www.education.gouv.fr/pid24/les-niveaux-d-enseignement.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 October 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.depdiknas.go.id/statistik/thn04-05/SMP_0405.htm">the original</a> on 2007-09-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iraq+Education&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irfad.org%2Firaq-education%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scholaro.com/db/countries/Israel/Education-System">"Israel Education System"</a>. <i>www.scholaro.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.scholaro.com&rft.atitle=Israel+Education+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholaro.com%2Fdb%2Fcountries%2FIsrael%2FEducation-System&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tki.org.nz/Schools/(page)/search-results?schoolName=&regionId=&schoolTypeId=20&schoolAuthId=&genderId=&medium=&boarding=&Search=Search">"Schools/Homepage – Te Kete Ipurangi (TKI)"</a> [Schools/Homepage – Internet Marketing (TKI)]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180317031858/http://www.tki.org.nz/Schools/(page)/search-results?schoolName=&regionId=&schoolTypeId=20&schoolAuthId=&genderId=&medium=&boarding=&Search=Search">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schools%2FHomepage+%E2%80%93+Te+Kete+Ipurangi+%28TKI%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tki.org.nz%2FSchools%2F%28page%29%2Fsearch-results%3FschoolName%3D%26regionId%3D%26schoolTypeId%3D20%26schoolAuthId%3D%26genderId%3D%26medium%3D%26boarding%3D%26Search%3DSearch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tki.org.nz/Schools/(page)/search-results?schoolName=&regionId=&schoolTypeId=30&schoolAuthId=&genderId=&medium=&boarding=&Search=Search">"Schools/Homepage – Te Kete Ipurangi (TKI)"</a> [Schools/Homepage – Internet Marketing (TKI)].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schools%2FHomepage+%E2%80%93+Te+Kete+Ipurangi+%28TKI%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tki.org.nz%2FSchools%2F%28page%29%2Fsearch-results%3FschoolName%3D%26regionId%3D%26schoolTypeId%3D30%26schoolAuthId%3D%26genderId%3D%26medium%3D%26boarding%3D%26Search%3DSearch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tki.org.nz/Schools/(page)/search-results?schoolName=&regionId=&schoolTypeId=35&schoolAuthId=&genderId=&medium=&boarding=&Search=Search">"Schools/Homepage – Te Kete Ipurangi (TKI)"</a> [Schools/Homepage – Internet Marketing (TKI)]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180317031908/http://www.tki.org.nz/Schools/(page)/search-results?schoolName=&regionId=&schoolTypeId=35&schoolAuthId=&genderId=&medium=&boarding=&Search=Search">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schools%2FHomepage+%E2%80%93+Te+Kete+Ipurangi+%28TKI%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tki.org.nz%2FSchools%2F%28page%29%2Fsearch-results%3FschoolName%3D%26regionId%3D%26schoolTypeId%3D35%26schoolAuthId%3D%26genderId%3D%26medium%3D%26boarding%3D%26Search%3DSearch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statutory+Instrument+2002+No.+1983&rft.atitle=The+Education+%28Middle+School%29+%28England%29+Regulations+2002&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fuksi%2F2002%2F1983%2Fcontents%2Fmade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-meldrum-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-meldrum_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeldrum1976" class="citation book cs1">Meldrum, James (1976). <i>Three-tier Education in Grangemouth</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Three-tier+Education+in+Grangemouth&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nces-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nces_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2002/2002130.pdf">[1]</a>, p. 7, fig. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2002/2002130.pdf">"Digest of Education Statistics, 2001"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-04-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Digest+of+Education+Statistics%2C+2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnces.ed.gov%2Fpubs2002%2F2002130.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thebannernews.net/4732/2021-2022/opinion/passing-periods-students-battle-time-congestion/">"Passing Periods: Students battle time, congestion"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Passing+Periods%3A+Students+battle+time%2C+congestion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthebannernews.net%2F4732%2F2021-2022%2Fopinion%2Fpassing-periods-students-battle-time-congestion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090830041812/http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1861692773/junior_high.html"><i>junior high school</i></a>. encarta.msn.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1861692773/junior_high.html">the original</a> on August 30, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 24,</span> 2007</span>. <q>The major difference between a middle school and a junior high lies in the philosophy. The middle school philosophy focuses on the student where the junior high focus is more on the content.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=junior+high+school&rft.pub=encarta.msn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fencarta.msn.com%2Fdictionary_1861692773%2Fjunior_high.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span> 2009-10-31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=2690">"First Junior High School in the United States"</a>. <i>OhioHistoryCentral.org</i>. Ohio Historical Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-08-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OhioHistoryCentral.org&rft.atitle=First+Junior+High+School+in+the+United+States&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohiohistorycentral.org%2Fentry.php%3Frec%3D2690&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dmn-jh-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dmn-jh_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Junior high plan outlined", <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dallas_Morning_News" title="The Dallas Morning News">The Dallas Morning News</a></i>, September 22, 1929, section 1, page 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wiles3-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wiles3_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wiles3_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiles2009" class="citation book cs1">Wiles, John, ed. (June 10, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ovDM0whNv3cC&q=%22The+structure+of+the+American+elementary+school+in+the+late+19th+century%22&pg=PA3"><i>Developing Successful K–8 Schools: A Principal's Guide</i></a>. Corwin Press. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1412966177" title="Special:BookSources/978-1412966177"><bdi>978-1412966177</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Developing+Successful+K%E2%80%938+Schools%3A+A+Principal%27s+Guide&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Corwin+Press&rft.date=2009-06-10&rft.isbn=978-1412966177&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DovDM0whNv3cC%26q%3D%2522The%2Bstructure%2Bof%2Bthe%2BAmerican%2Belementary%2Bschool%2Bin%2Bthe%2Blate%2B19th%2Bcentury%2522%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiddle+school" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_school&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/junior_high_school" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:junior high school">junior high school</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Middle_schools" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Middle schools">Middle schools</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070403020118/http://www.unb.ca/education/bezeau/eact/eact07.html">Canada: Provincial Systems of Education</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amle.org/">Association for Middle Level Education</a> formerly National Middle School Association.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051204033815/http://www.middleschools.org.uk/">National Middle Schools' Forum (UK)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theritejourney.com.au">Australian Middle School Program</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Education_stages" title="Template:Education stages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Education_stages" title="Template talk:Education stages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Education_stages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Education stages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Stages_of_formal_education" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Educational_stage" title="Educational stage">Stages</a> of formal <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Early_childhood_education" title="Early childhood education">Early childhood education</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Primary_education" title="Primary education">Primary education</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Secondary_education" title="Secondary education">Secondary education</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_education" title="Tertiary education">Tertiary education</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:20%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Preschool" title="Preschool">Preschool</a><br />→</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Kindergarten" title="Kindergarten">Kindergarten</a><br />→</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">Primary school</a><br />→</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">Infant<br />→</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">Junior<br />→</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">Secondary school</a><br />→</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Middle school</a><br />→</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">High school<br />→</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:40%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education">Higher education</a><br /> </td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Vocational_education" title="Vocational education">Vocational</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Further_education" title="Further education">Further</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Continuing_education" title="Continuing education">Continuing</a>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduate</a><br />→</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduate</a><br /> </td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Education">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="School_types" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Schools" title="Template:Schools"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Schools" title="Template talk:Schools"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Schools" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Schools"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="School_types" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/School" title="School">School</a> types</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Educational_stage" title="Educational stage">educational stage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Early_childhood_education" title="Early childhood education">Early childhood</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preschool" title="Preschool">Preschool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-kindergarten" title="Pre-kindergarten">Pre-kindergarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindergarten" title="Kindergarten">Kindergarten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Primary_education" title="Primary education">Primary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_school" class="mw-redirect" title="First school">First school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_school" title="Infant school">Infant school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_infant_schools_outside_Britain_and_Ireland" title="Spread of infant schools outside Britain and Ireland">Global influence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_school" title="Junior school">Junior school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">Primary school</a> / Elementary school</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Secondary_education" title="Secondary education">Secondary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adult_high_school" title="Adult high school">Adult high school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadet_college" title="Cadet college">Cadet college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College-preparatory_school" title="College-preparatory school">College-preparatory school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_institute" title="Collegiate institute">Collegiate institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_school" title="Comprehensive school">Comprehensive school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_high_school" title="Comprehensive high school">Comprehensive high school</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuation_high_school" title="Continuation high school">Continuation high school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grammar_school" title="Grammar school">Grammar school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyceum" title="Lyceum">Lyceum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maths_school" title="Maths school">Maths school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_seminary" title="Minor seminary">Minor seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">Secondary school</a> / High school</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selective_school" title="Selective school">Selective school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">Gymnasium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauptschule" title="Hauptschule">Hauptschule</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_form_college" title="Sixth form college">Sixth form college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studio_school" title="Studio school">Studio school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_technical_college" title="University technical college">University technical college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_school" title="Upper school">Upper school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_education" title="Tertiary education">Tertiary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Professional_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional school">Professional school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical school">Technical school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocational_school" title="Vocational school">Vocational school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education">Higher</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy" title="Academy">Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College" title="College">College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_college" title="Community college">Community college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Graduate school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_technology" title="Institute of technology">Institute of technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_college" title="Junior college">Junior college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts_college" title="Liberal arts college">Liberal arts college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">Research university</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residential_college" title="Residential college">Residential college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University" title="University">University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_university" title="Collegiate university">Collegiate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_division_college" title="Upper division college">Upper division college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocational_university" title="Vocational university">Vocational university</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Combined</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-through_school" title="All-through school">All-through school</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Middle school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-room_school" title="One-room school">One-room school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranch_school" title="Ranch school">Ranch school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By funding / eligibility</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy_(English_school)" title="Academy (English school)">Academy <small>(England)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_school" title="Charter school">Charter school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_day_school" title="Community day school">Community day school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_school" title="Comprehensive school">Comprehensive school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For-profit_education" title="For-profit education">For-profit education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_education" title="Free education">Free education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_school_(England)" title="Free school (England)">Free school <small>(England)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute" title="Institute">Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_school" title="Private school">Private school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Private schools in the United Kingdom">UK private school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preparatory_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Preparatory school (United Kingdom)">preparatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">public</a></li></ul></li> <li>University <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">private</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_university" title="International university">international</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selective_school" title="Selective school">Selective school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separate_school" title="Separate school">Separate school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sink_school" title="Sink school">Sink school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialist_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Specialist schools in the United Kingdom">Specialist school <small>(United Kingdom)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_school" title="State school">State or public school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-integrated_school" title="State-integrated school">State-integrated school <small>(New Zealand)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By style / purpose</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_school" title="Alternative school">Alternative school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_education" title="Democratic education">Democratic education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchistic_free_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchistic free school">Anarchistic free school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudbury_school" title="Sudbury school">Sudbury school</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_school" title="International school">International school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnet_school" title="Magnet school">Magnet school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_school" title="Music school">Music school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-sex_education" title="Single-sex education">Single-sex education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialist_school" title="Specialist school">Specialist school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocal_school" title="Vocal school">Vocal school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_education" title="Progressive education">Progressive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_school_movement" title="Free school movement">Free school movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_high_school" title="Folk high school">Folk high school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_school" title="Laboratory school">Laboratory school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montessori_education" title="Montessori education">Montessori school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf_education" title="Waldorf education">Waldorf school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religious_school" title="Religious school">Religious</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_college" title="Bible college">Bible college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_school" title="Catholic school">Catholic school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_school" title="Christian school">Christian school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_seminary" title="Female seminary">Female seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurukula" title="Gurukula">Gurukula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parochial_school" title="Parochial school">Parochial school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">Madrasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">Yeshiva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boarding_school" title="Boarding school">Boarding school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_school" title="Day school">Day school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distance_education" title="Distance education">Distance education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeschooling" title="Homeschooling">Homeschooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_education" title="Prison education">Prison education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual school">Virtual school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By scope</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College-preparatory_school" title="College-preparatory school">College preparatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compensatory_education" title="Compensatory education">Compensatory education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compulsory_education" title="Compulsory education">Compulsory education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_education" title="Continuing education">Continuing education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Further_education" title="Further education">Further education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifted_education" title="Gifted education">Gifted education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclusive_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Inclusive education">Inclusive education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remedial_education" title="Remedial education">Remedial education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_education" title="Special education">Special education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_higher-learning_institutions" title="Ancient higher-learning institutions">Ancient higher-learning institutions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Platonic_Academy" title="Platonic Academy">Platonic Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyceum_(classical)" title="Lyceum (classical)">Lyceum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastic_school" title="Monastic school">Monastic school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_school" title="Cathedral school">Cathedral school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_university" title="Medieval university">Medieval university</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Schools imposed on<br /><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">indigenous peoples</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Indian_residential_school_system" title="Canadian Indian residential school system">in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_schools" title="Native schools">in New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Bantu_Education" title="Department of Bantu Education">in South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_boarding_schools" title="American Indian boarding schools">in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Informal or illegal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hedge_school" title="Hedge school">in Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krifo_scholio" title="Krifo scholio">in Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakombenschule" title="Katakombenschule">in South Tyrol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%E2%80%9312" title="K–12">K–12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_institution" title="Educational institution">Educational institution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/16px-School.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/24px-School.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/32px-School.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Schools" title="Portal:Schools">Schools portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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