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id="toc-Composer_and_organist" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composer_and_organist"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Composer and organist </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composer_and_organist-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_reputation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_reputation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 International reputation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_reputation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception_in_Britain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception_in_Britain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Reception in Britain </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception_in_Britain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1888–1891" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1888–1891"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 1888–1891 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1888–1891-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Return_to_Europe_and_last_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Return_to_Europe_and_last_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7 Return to Europe and last years </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Return_to_Europe_and_last_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Style </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Works </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Works-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Works subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Numbering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Numbering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Numbering </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Numbering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symphonies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symphonies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Symphonies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symphonies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symphonic_poems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symphonic_poems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Symphonic poems </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symphonic_poems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Choral_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Choral_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Choral works </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Choral_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concerti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concerti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Concerti </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concerti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chamber_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chamber_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Chamber music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chamber_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-String_quintets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#String_quintets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6.1 String quintets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-String_quintets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-String_quartets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#String_quartets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6.2 String quartets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-String_quartets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_chamber_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_chamber_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6.3 Other chamber works </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_chamber_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Operas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Songs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Songs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Songs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Songs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 Other works </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_students" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_students"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Notable students </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_students-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Legacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Notes and references </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notes and references subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Details" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Details"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Details </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Details-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Antonín Dvořák</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 126 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-126" aria-hidden="true" > 126 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B6%E1%8A%92%E1%8A%95_%E1%8B%B5%E1%89%AE%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%A3%E1%8A%AD" title="አንቶኒን ድቮርዣክ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አንቶኒን ድቮርዣክ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%83" title="أنتونين دفورجاك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنتونين دفورجاك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A9%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%8F%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AA%D5%A1%D6%84" title="Անթոնին Տվորժաք – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Անթոնին Տվորժաք" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonin_Dvorjak" title="Antonin Dvorjak – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Antonin Dvorjak" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%98%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="آنتونین دورژاک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آنتونین دورژاک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95" title="আন্তনিন দ্ভরাক – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আন্তনিন দ্ভরাক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антанін Леапольд Дворжак – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Антанін Леапольд Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антанін Леапольд Дворжак – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Антанін Леапольд Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chamoru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BD_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B2%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BA" title="Αντονίν Ντβόρζακ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αντονίν Ντβόρζακ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%98%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="آنتونین دورژاک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنتونین دورژاک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD_%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BA" title="𐌰𐌽𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌹𐌽 𐌳𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌺 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌽𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌹𐌽 𐌳𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌺" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%88%ED%86%A0%EB%8B%8C_%EB%93%9C%EB%B3%B4%EB%A5%B4%EC%9E%90%ED%81%AC" title="안토닌 드보르자크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="안토닌 드보르자크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%B4%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Անտոնին Դվորժակ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անտոնին Դվորժակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%93%D7%91%D7%95%D7%96%27%D7%90%D7%A7" title="אנטונין דבוז'אק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנטונין דבוז'אק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ანტონინ დვორჟაკი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანტონინ დვორჟაკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoninus_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antoninus Dvořák – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Antoninus Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C4%ABns_Dvor%C5%BE%C4%81ks" title="Antonīns Dvoržāks – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Antonīns Dvoržāks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="അന്റോനിൻ ഡ്വാറക് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അന്റോനിൻ ഡ്വാറക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="अंतोनिन द्वोराक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अंतोनिन द्वोराक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ანტონინ დვორჟაკი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ანტონინ დვორჟაკი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83" title="انتونين دفوراك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انتونين دفوراك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="एन्टोनिन ड्वोराक – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="एन्टोनिन ड्वोराक" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%8B%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%89%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A9%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="アントニン・ドヴォルザーク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アントニン・ドヴォルザーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Дворжак, Антонин – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Дворжак, Антонин" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95" title="ਅੰਤੋਨੀਨ ਡਵੋਜ਼ਾਕ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅੰਤੋਨੀਨ ਡਵੋਜ਼ਾਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83" title="انتونين دفوراك – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="انتونين دفوراك" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonin_Dvorak" title="Antonin Dvorak – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Antonin Dvorak" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonin_Dvorjak" title="Antonin Dvorjak – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Antonin Dvorjak" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонін Дворжак – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Антонін Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Дворжак, Антонин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дворжак, Антонин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Leopold_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Leopold Dvořák – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Antonín Leopold Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Leopold_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Leopold Dvořák – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Antonín Leopold Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF%DA%A4%DB%86%D8%B1%DA%98%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="ئەنتۆنین دڤۆرژاک – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەنتۆنین دڤۆرژاک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антоњин Дворжак – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Антоњин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D" title="அன்டனின் டுவோராக் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அன்டனின் டுவோராக்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonin_Dvorjak" title="Antonin Dvorjak – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Antonin Dvorjak" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%8C%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81" title="อันโตญีน ดโวฌาก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อันโตญีน ดโวฌาก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонин Дворжак – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Антонин Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Антонін Дворжак – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Антонін Дворжак" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%B9%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="انٹونین دووزاک – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انٹونین دووزاک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvor%C5%BEak_Antonin" title="Dvoržak Antonin – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Dvoržak Antonin" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Antonín Dvořák" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Czech composer (1841–1904)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Antonín Dvořák</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Dvorak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Dvorak.jpg/220px-Dvorak.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Dvorak.jpg/330px-Dvorak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Dvorak.jpg/440px-Dvorak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="2600" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Dvořák in 1882</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">(1841-09-08)8 September 1841 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Nelahozeves" title="Nelahozeves">Nelahozeves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1 May 1904(1904-05-01) (aged 62) <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Works</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák">List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Dvořák" redirects here. For other people with this surname, see <a href="/wiki/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Dvořák (disambiguation)">Dvořák (disambiguation)</a>.</div> Antonín Leopold Dvořák (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/d(ə)ˈvɔːrʒɑːk, -ʒæk/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">d(ə-)VOR-zha(h)k</a>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>Czech: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Czech" title="Help:IPA/Czech">[ˈantoɲiːn ˈlɛopold ˈdvor̝aːk]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d1\/Cs-Antonin_Dvorak.ogg\/Cs-Antonin_Dvorak.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Cs-Antonin Dvorak.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/Cs-Antonin_Dvorak.ogg/Cs-Antonin_Dvorak.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:Cs-Antonin_Dvorak.ogg" title="File:Cs-Antonin Dvorak.ogg">ⓘ</a>; 8 September 1841 – 1 May 1904) was a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Czech</a> composer. He frequently employed rhythms and other aspects of the <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">folk music</a> of <a href="/wiki/Moravian_traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Moravian traditional music">Moravia</a> and his native <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, following the Romantic-era <a href="/wiki/Czech_nationalism" title="Czech nationalism">nationalist</a> example of his predecessor <a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Bedřich Smetana</a>. Dvořák's style has been described as "the fullest recreation of a national idiom with that of the symphonic tradition, absorbing folk influences and finding effective ways of using them,"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1980765-1">[1]</a> and Dvořák has been described as "arguably the most versatile... composer of his time".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaruskin2010754-2">[2]</a> Dvořák displayed his musical gifts at an early age, being a talented violin student. The first public performances of his works were in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a> in 1872 and, with special success, in 1873, when he was 31 years old. Seeking recognition beyond the Prague area, he submitted scores of symphonies and other works to German and Austrian competitions. He did not win a prize until 1874, with <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Johannes Brahms</a> on the jury of the Austrian State Competition.<a href="#cite_note-3">[a]</a> In 1877, after his third win, Brahms recommended Dvořák to his publisher, <a href="/wiki/N._Simrock" title="N. Simrock">Simrock</a>, who commissioned what became the <a href="/wiki/Slavonic_Dances" title="Slavonic Dances">Slavonic Dances</a>, Op. 46. The sheet music's high sales and critical reception led to his international success. A London performance of Dvořák's <a href="/wiki/Stabat_Mater_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Stabat Mater (Dvořák)">Stabat Mater</a> in 1883 led to many other performances in the United Kingdom, the United States, and eventually Russia in March 1890.<a href="#cite_note-Russia-4">[3]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._7_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 7 (Dvořák)">Seventh Symphony</a> was written for London in 1885. In 1892, Dvořák became the director of the <a href="/wiki/National_Conservatory_of_Music_of_America" title="National Conservatory of Music of America">National Conservatory of Music of America</a> in New York City. While in the United States, Dvořák wrote his two most successful orchestral works: the Symphony <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)">From the New World</a>, which spread his reputation worldwide,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b132–33-5">[4]</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Cello_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Cello Concerto (Dvořák)">Cello Concerto</a>, one of the most highly regarded of all <a href="/wiki/Cello_concerto" title="Cello concerto">cello concerti</a>. On a summer vacation in <a href="/wiki/Spillville,_Iowa" title="Spillville, Iowa">Spillville, Iowa</a> in 1893, Dvořák also wrote his most famous piece of chamber music, his twelfth <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._12_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 12 (Dvořák)">String Quartet in F major, Op. 96</a>, the American. While he remained at the Conservatory for a few more years, pay cuts and an onset of <a href="/wiki/Homesickness" title="Homesickness">homesickness</a> led him to return to Bohemia in 1895. All of Dvořák's ten operas, except his first, have <a href="/wiki/Libretto" title="Libretto">librettos</a> in Czech and were intended to convey the Czech national spirit, as were some of his choral works. By far the most successful of the operas is <a href="/wiki/Rusalka_(opera)" title="Rusalka (opera)">Rusalka</a>, premiered in 1901. Among his smaller works, the seventh <a href="/wiki/Humoresques_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Humoresques (Dvořák)">Humoresque</a> and the song "<a href="/wiki/Songs_My_Mother_Taught_Me_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Songs My Mother Taught Me (Dvořák)">Songs My Mother Taught Me</a>" are also widely performed and recorded. The <a href="/wiki/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_Prague_International_Music_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvořák Prague International Music Festival">Dvořák Prague International Music Festival</a> is a major series of concerts held annually to celebrate Dvořák's life and works.<a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early years">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nelahozeves,_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%C5%AFv_d%C5%AFm_-_celek.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Nelahozeves%2C_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%C5%AFv_d%C5%AFm_-_celek.jpg/220px-Nelahozeves%2C_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%C5%AFv_d%C5%AFm_-_celek.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Nelahozeves%2C_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%C5%AFv_d%C5%AFm_-_celek.jpg/330px-Nelahozeves%2C_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%C5%AFv_d%C5%AFm_-_celek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Nelahozeves%2C_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%C5%AFv_d%C5%AFm_-_celek.jpg/440px-Nelahozeves%2C_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%C5%AFv_d%C5%AFm_-_celek.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4216" data-file-height="2204" /></a><figcaption>Dvořák's birthplace in <a href="/wiki/Nelahozeves" title="Nelahozeves">Nelahozeves</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_birth_record_1841_(SOA_Prague).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_birth_record_1841_%28SOA_Prague%29.jpg/220px-Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_birth_record_1841_%28SOA_Prague%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_birth_record_1841_%28SOA_Prague%29.jpg/330px-Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_birth_record_1841_%28SOA_Prague%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_birth_record_1841_%28SOA_Prague%29.jpg/440px-Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_birth_record_1841_%28SOA_Prague%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1789" /></a><figcaption>Antonín Dvořák birth record 1841 (SOA Prague)</figcaption></figure> Dvořák was born in <a href="/wiki/Nelahozeves" title="Nelahozeves">Nelahozeves</a> near <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a>, and was the eldest son of František Dvořák (1814–94) and his wife, Anna, née Zdeňková (1820–82).<a href="#cite_note-Clap66p295-7">[6]</a> František worked as an innkeeper, a professional player of the <a href="/wiki/Zither" title="Zither">zither</a>, and a butcher. Anna was the daughter of Josef Zdeněk, the <a href="/wiki/Bailiff" title="Bailiff">bailiff</a> of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lobkowicz" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Lobkowicz">Prince of Lobkowicz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHughes196722–23-8">[7]</a> Anna and František married on 17 November 1840.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979a3-9">[8]</a> Dvořák was the first of 14 children, eight of whom survived infancy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHughes196724-10">[9]</a> Dvořák was baptized as a Roman Catholic in the village's church of St. Andrew. Dvořák's years in Nelahozeves nurtured his strong Christian faith and the love for his Bohemian heritage that so strongly influenced his music.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979a23-11">[10]</a> In 1847, Dvořák entered primary school and was taught to play violin by his teacher Joseph Spitz. He showed early talent and skill, playing in a village band and in church.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960466-12">[11]</a> František was pleased with his son's gifts. At the age of 13, through the influence of his father, Dvořák was sent to <a href="/wiki/Zlonice" title="Zlonice">Zlonice</a> to live with his uncle Antonín Zdenĕk in order to learn the German language. His first composition, the Forget-Me-Not Polka in C (Polka pomněnka) was written possibly as early as 1855.<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dvorak_1868.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Dvorak_1868.jpg/170px-Dvorak_1868.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Dvorak_1868.jpg/255px-Dvorak_1868.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Dvorak_1868.jpg/340px-Dvorak_1868.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1342" data-file-height="1897" /></a><figcaption>Dvořák aged 26 or 27 (1868)</figcaption></figure> Dvořák took organ, piano, and violin lessons from his German-language teacher Antonín Liehmann. Liehmann also taught the young boy <a href="/wiki/Music_theory" title="Music theory">music theory</a> and introduced him to the composers of the time; Dvořák had much regard for Liehmann despite his teacher's violent temper. Liehmann was the church organist in Zlonice and sometimes let Antonín play the organ at services.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b12-14">[13]</a> Dvořák took further organ and music theory lessons at <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A1_Kamenice" title="Česká Kamenice">Česká Kamenice</a> with Franz Hanke,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960468-15">[14]</a> who encouraged his musical talents even further and was more sympathetic. At the age of 16, through the urging of Liehmann and Zdenĕk, František allowed his son to become a musician, on the condition that the boy should work toward a career as an organist.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonolka200414–16-16">[15]</a> After leaving for Prague in September 1857, Dvořák entered the city's Organ School, studying singing with <a href="/wiki/Josef_Leopold_Zvona%C5%99" title="Josef Leopold Zvonař">Josef Zvonař</a>, theory with František Blažek, and organ with Joseph Foerster. The latter was not only a professor at the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Conservatory" title="Prague Conservatory">Prague Conservatory</a>, but also a composer for the organ; his son <a href="/wiki/Josef_Bohuslav_Foerster" title="Josef Bohuslav Foerster">Josef Bohuslav Foerster</a> became a better known composer.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> Dvořák also took an additional language course to improve his German and worked as an "extra" violist in numerous bands and orchestras, including the orchestra of the St. Cecilia Society.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchönzeler198436–38-20">[19]</a> Dvořák graduated from the Organ School in 1859, ranking second in his class.<a href="#cite_note-Smaczny_2002,_p._391-21">[20]</a> He applied unsuccessfully for a position as an organist at St. Henry's Church, but remained undaunted in pursuing a musical career.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchönzeler198439-22">[21]</a> In 1858, he joined <a href="/wiki/Karel_Komz%C3%A1k_I" title="Karel Komzák I">Karel Komzák</a>'s orchestra, with whom he performed in Prague's restaurants and at <a href="/wiki/Ball_(dance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ball (dance)">balls</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b20-23">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979a5-24">[23]</a> The high professional level of the ensemble attracted the attention of <a href="/wiki/Jan_Nepomuk_Ma%C3%BDr" title="Jan Nepomuk Maýr">Jan Nepomuk Maýr</a>, who engaged the whole orchestra in the Bohemian Provisional Theatre Orchestra. Dvořák played viola in the orchestra beginning in 1862. Dvořák could hardly afford concert tickets, and playing in the orchestra gave him a chance to hear music, mainly operas.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b21–22-25">[24]</a> In July 1863, Dvořák played in a program devoted to the German composer <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>, who conducted the orchestra. Dvořák had had "unbounded admiration" for Wagner since 1857.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b17-26">[25]</a> In 1862, Dvořák had begun composing his first <a href="/wiki/String_quartet" title="String quartet">string quartet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b21-27">[26]</a> In 1864, Dvořák agreed to share the rent of a flat located in Prague's <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDi%C5%BEkov" title="Žižkov">Žižkov</a> district with five other people, who also included violinist Mořic Anger and Karel Čech, who later became a singer.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHughes196735-28">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b23-29">[28]</a> In 1866, Maýr was replaced as chief conductor by <a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Bedřich Smetana</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b24-30">[29]</a> Dvořák was making about $7.50 a month. The constant need to supplement his income pushed him to give piano lessons. It was through these piano lessons that he met his future wife. He originally fell in love with his pupil and colleague from the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Theatre_(Prague)" title="Provisional Theatre (Prague)">Provisional Theatre</a>, Josefína Čermáková, for whom he apparently composed the song-cycle "Cypress Trees".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b23-29">[28]</a> However, she never returned his love and ended up marrying another man. In 1873 Dvořák married Josefina's younger sister, Anna Čermáková (1854–1931). They had nine children – Otakar (1874–1877), Josefa (1875–1875), Růžena (1876–1877), Otýlie (1878–1905), Anna (1880–1923), Magdalena (1881–1952), Antonín (1883–1956), Otakar (1885–1961) and Aloisie (1888–1967).<a href="#cite_note-Dvořák,_Otakar_2004-31">[30]</a> Otýlie, a composer in her own right, married Dvorak's student, the composer <a href="/wiki/Josef_Suk_(composer)" title="Josef Suk (composer)">Josef Suk</a> in 1898, but died only seven years later.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> Otakar wrote a book about his father in 1960, just before he died.<a href="#cite_note-Dvořák,_Otakar_2004-31">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composer_and_organist">Composer and organist</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Composer and organist">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kostel_sv._Vojt%C4%9Bcha_v_Praze_na_Nov%C3%A9m_M%C4%9Bst%C4%9B.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Kostel_sv._Vojt%C4%9Bcha_v_Praze_na_Nov%C3%A9m_M%C4%9Bst%C4%9B.jpg/220px-Kostel_sv._Vojt%C4%9Bcha_v_Praze_na_Nov%C3%A9m_M%C4%9Bst%C4%9B.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Kostel_sv._Vojt%C4%9Bcha_v_Praze_na_Nov%C3%A9m_M%C4%9Bst%C4%9B.jpg/330px-Kostel_sv._Vojt%C4%9Bcha_v_Praze_na_Nov%C3%A9m_M%C4%9Bst%C4%9B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Kostel_sv._Vojt%C4%9Bcha_v_Praze_na_Nov%C3%A9m_M%C4%9Bst%C4%9B.jpg/440px-Kostel_sv._Vojt%C4%9Bcha_v_Praze_na_Nov%C3%A9m_M%C4%9Bst%C4%9B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2150" data-file-height="2334" /></a><figcaption>St. Adalbert in Prague, where Dvořák was organist from 1874 to 1877</figcaption></figure> Dvořák called his <a href="/wiki/String_Quintet_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quintet No. 1 (Dvořák)">String Quintet in A minor</a> (1861) his Opus 1, and his <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 1 (Dvořák)">First String Quartet</a> (1862) his Opus 2, although the chronological Burghauser Catalogue<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser196077-33">[32]</a> numbers these as B.6 and B.7, showing five earlier compositions without opus numbers. In the early 1860s, Dvořák also made his first symphonic attempts, some of which he self-critically burned. The manuscript of a symphony in C minor without opus number, B.9, composed in 1865, was preserved.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser196077-33">[32]</a> This symphony has come to be numbered as Dvořák's First (see under "<a href="#Works">Works</a>"). His first composing attempts passed without critical reception or public performances. His compositions up through 1870, according to the Burghauser Catalogue<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> either had no known premieres, or were premiered in 1888 or later. For example, the Third String Quartet, B.18, was written in about 1869 but first published posthumously in 1964 and premiered in 1969.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-35">[34]</a> In 1870, he composed his first opera, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_opera)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred (Dvořák opera)">Alfred</a>, over the course of five months from May to October.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchönzeler198446-36">[35]</a> Its <a href="/wiki/Overture" title="Overture">overture</a> was first publicly performed as late as 1905, and the full opera only in 1938.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> In 1871, Dvořák left the Provisional Theatre orchestra to have more time for composing.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b25-38">[37]</a> Up through 1871 Dvořák only gave opus numbers up to 5 among his first 26 compositions.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> The first press mention of Antonín Dvořák appeared in the Hudební listy journal in June 1871, and the first publicly performed composition was the song Vzpomínání ("Reminiscence", October 1871, musical evenings of L. Procházka).<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> The opera <a href="/wiki/King_and_Charcoal_Burner" title="King and Charcoal Burner">The King and the Charcoal Burner</a> was returned to Dvořák from the Provisional Theatre and said to be unperformable. Its overture was premiered in 1872 in a Philharmonic concert conducted by <a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Bedřich Smetana</a>, but the full opera with the original score was performed once in 1929,<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> and not heard again until a concert performance in September 2019 at the Dvořák Prague International Music Festival.<a href="#cite_note-radio-42">[41]</a> Clapham<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b29-43">[42]</a> says Dvořák realized he had gone to "extremes in attempting to follow the example of Wagner". In 1873–74, he reset "the King and Charcoal Burner libretto entirely afresh, in a totally different manner", without using "anything from the ill-fated earlier version". The alternate opera, called King and Charcoal Burner II, B.42, was premiered in Prague in 1874.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960131–33-44">[43]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_with_his_wife_Anna_in_London,_1886.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_with_his_wife_Anna_in_London%2C_1886.jpg/170px-Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_with_his_wife_Anna_in_London%2C_1886.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_with_his_wife_Anna_in_London%2C_1886.jpg/255px-Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_with_his_wife_Anna_in_London%2C_1886.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_with_his_wife_Anna_in_London%2C_1886.jpg/340px-Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_with_his_wife_Anna_in_London%2C_1886.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1120" data-file-height="1598" /></a><figcaption>Dvořák with his wife Anna in London, 1886</figcaption></figure> On leaving the National Theater Orchestra after his marriage, Dvořák secured the job of organist at St. Vojtěch,<a href="#cite_note-Smaczny_2002,_p._391-21">[20]</a> also called St. Adalbert's, Church in Prague under Josef Foerster, his former teacher at the Organ School. The job paid "a mere pittance", but it was "a welcome addition for the young couple".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b30-45">[44]</a> Despite these circumstances, Dvořák still managed to compose a substantial body of music around this time. In November 1872, Dvořák's <a href="/wiki/Piano_Quintet_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Quintet No. 1 (Dvořák)">Piano Quintet in A major</a>, Op. 5, was performed in Prague, by a "splendid team of players" organized by Procházka. It was his first piece played in a concert.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b26-46">[45]</a> In March 1873, his Czech patriotic cantata The Heirs of the White Mountain<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> was performed by the Prague Hlahol Choral Society of 300 singers (conducted by his friend and supporter <a href="/wiki/Karel_Bendl" title="Karel Bendl">Karel Bendl</a>) to a warm response from both audience and critics, making it an "unqualified success".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b27-48">[47]</a> Dvořák's compositions were first coming to be recognized in Prague. When Dvořák turned age 33 in 1874, he remained almost unknown as a composer outside the area of Prague. That year, he applied for and won the Austrian State Prize ("Stipendium") for composition, awarded in February 1875 by a jury consisting of the critic <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Hanslick" title="Eduard Hanslick">Eduard Hanslick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Herbeck" class="mw-redirect" title="Johann Herbeck">Johann Herbeck</a>, director of the State Opera, and <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Johannes Brahms</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b35-49">[48]</a> It seems that Brahms had only recently joined the jury, as he was not on it during the calendar year of 1874, according to Hanslick.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> Hanslick had first-hand knowledge, as a continuing member of the jury (from at least 1874 to 1877). Nevertheless, Brahms had time and opportunity to appreciate Dvořák's 1874 submission. Botstein<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> says that the jury's purpose was "to award financial support to talented composers in need" in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The jury received a "massive submission" from Dvořák: "fifteen works including two symphonies, several overtures and a <a href="/wiki/Song_cycle" title="Song cycle">song cycle</a>". Brahms was "visibly overcome" by the "mastery and talent" of Dvořák. The two symphonies were Dvořák's <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._3_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 3 (Dvořák)">third</a> and <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._4_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 4 (Dvořák)">fourth</a>,<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> both of which had been premiered in Prague in the spring of 1874. Clapham<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b35–36-53">[52]</a> gives the official report for the 1874 prize, saying Dvořák was a relatively impoverished music teacher who "has submitted 15 compositions, among them symphonies, which display an undoubted talent...The applicant... deserves a grant to ease his straitened circumstances and free him from anxiety in his creative work." It says he had not yet owned a piano. Before being married, he had lodged with five other men, one of whom owned a small "<a href="/wiki/Spinet" title="Spinet">spinet</a>" piano.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b23-29">[28]</a> In 1875, the year his first son was born, Dvořák composed his <a href="/wiki/String_Quintet_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quintet No. 2 (Dvořák)">second string quintet</a>, his <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._5_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 5 (Dvořák)">5th Symphony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piano_Trio_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Trio No. 1 (Dvořák)">Piano Trio No. 1</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Serenade_for_Strings_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Serenade for Strings (Dvořák)">Serenade for Strings in E</a>. He again entered but this time did not win the Austrian State Prize. He did win it in 1876, and finally felt free to resign his position as an organist.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b39-54">[53]</a> In 1877, he wrote the <a href="/wiki/Symphonic_Variations_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphonic Variations (Dvořák)">Symphonic Variations</a>, and Ludevít Procházka conducted its premiere in Prague. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_reputation">International reputation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: International reputation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stuyvesant_Square_Dvorak_statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Stuyvesant_Square_Dvorak_statue.jpg/220px-Stuyvesant_Square_Dvorak_statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Stuyvesant_Square_Dvorak_statue.jpg/330px-Stuyvesant_Square_Dvorak_statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Stuyvesant_Square_Dvorak_statue.jpg/440px-Stuyvesant_Square_Dvorak_statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="969" data-file-height="1361" /></a><figcaption>Dvořák statue in <a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Square" title="Stuyvesant Square">Stuyvesant Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a> by <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87" title="Ivan Meštrović">Ivan Meštrović</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praga1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Praga1.jpg/220px-Praga1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Praga1.jpg/330px-Praga1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Praga1.jpg/440px-Praga1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Dvořák statue in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></figcaption></figure> Dvořák entered the Austrian Prize competition again in 1877, submitting his <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Duets" title="Moravian Duets">Moravian Duets</a> and other music—possibly his <a href="/wiki/Piano_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Concerto (Dvořák)">Piano Concerto</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b42-55">[54]</a> He did not learn the outcome until December. Then, he received a personal letter from the music critic <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Hanslick" title="Eduard Hanslick">Eduard Hanslick</a>, who had also been on the juries awarding the prizes. The letter not only notified Dvořák that he had again won the prize, but made known to him for the first time that Brahms and Hanslick had been on the jury. The letter conveyed an offer of friendly assistance of the two in making Dvořák's music known outside his Czech motherland.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b42-55">[54]</a> Within the month December 1877, Dvořák wrote his <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 9 (Dvořák)">String Quartet No. 9</a> in D minor and dedicated it to Brahms.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> Both Brahms and Hanslick had been much impressed by the <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Duets" title="Moravian Duets">Moravian Duets</a>, and Brahms recommended them to his publisher, <a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Simrock" title="Nikolaus Simrock">Simrock</a>, who published them with success. Having in mind Brahms's well-received <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Dances" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Dances">Hungarian Dances</a>, Simrock commissioned Dvořák to write something of the same nature. Dvořák submitted his <a href="/wiki/Slavonic_Dances" title="Slavonic Dances">Slavonic Dances</a>, Op. 46 in 1878, at first for <a href="/wiki/Piano_four_hands" title="Piano four hands">piano four hands</a>, but when requested by Simrock, also in an orchestral version. These were an immediate and great success. On 15 December 1878, the leading music critic <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ehlert" title="Louis Ehlert">Louis Ehlert</a> published a review of the Moravian Duets and Slavonic Dances in the Berlin "Nationalzeitung", saying that the "Dances" would make their way "round the world" and "a heavenly naturalness flows through this music".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b44-57">[56]</a> "There was a run on the German music shops for the dances and duets of this hitherto... unknown composer." The dances were played in 1879 in concerts in France, England, and the United States. Later Simrock requested further Slavonic Dances, which Dvořák supplied in his Op. 72, 1886. In 1879 Dvořák wrote his <a href="/wiki/String_Sextet_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Sextet (Dvořák)">String Sextet</a>. Simrock showed the score to the leading violinist <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joseph Joachim</a>, who with others premiered it in November of that year. Joachim became a "chief champion" of Dvořák's chamber music.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b46-58">[57]</a> In that same year, Dvořák also wrote his <a href="/wiki/Violin_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Violin Concerto (Dvořák)">Violin Concerto</a>. In December, he dedicated the piece to Joachim and sent him the score.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b49-59">[58]</a> The next spring the two discussed the score and Dvořák revised it extensively, but Joachim was still not comfortable with it. The concerto was premiered in Prague in October 1883 by the violinist <a href="/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Ond%C5%99%C3%AD%C4%8Dek" title="František Ondříček">František Ondříček</a>, who also played it in Vienna with conductor <a href="/wiki/Hans_Richter_(conductor)" title="Hans Richter (conductor)">Hans Richter</a> in December of that year.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b49-59">[58]</a> Twice later, Joachim was scheduled to play the concerto, but both times the arrangements fell through<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b63,_68-60">[59]</a> and he never did play it. <a href="/wiki/Hans_Richter_(conductor)" title="Hans Richter (conductor)">Hans Richter</a> asked Dvořák to compose his <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._6_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 6 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 6</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Philharmonic" title="Vienna Philharmonic">Vienna Philharmonic</a>, intending to premiere it in December 1880. However, Dvořák later discovered that, despite this intention, members of the orchestra objected to performing works by the composer in two consecutive seasons, due to "anti-Czech feeling".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b53;_71_in_UK-61">[60]</a> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_%C4%8Cech" title="Adolf Čech">Adolf Čech</a> therefore conducted the premiere of the symphony at a concert of the Philharmonia society (in Czech: spolek Filharmonie,<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> predecessor of the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Philharmonic" title="Czech Philharmonic">Czech Philharmonic</a>) on 25 March 1881, in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELayton197830–31-63">[62]</a> Richter did eventually conduct the piece in London in 1882 and always retained an interest in Dvořák's compositions.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2003a373-64">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reception_in_Britain">Reception in Britain</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Reception in Britain">edit</a>]</div> Dvořák's first piece of a religious nature, his setting of <a href="/wiki/Stabat_Mater_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Stabat Mater (Dvořák)">Stabat Mater</a>, was premiered in Prague in 1880. However, after it was performed and very well received at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a> in London on 10 March 1883, conducted by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barnby" title="Joseph Barnby">Joseph Barnby</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b60-65">[64]</a> The success "sparked off a whole series of performances in England and the United States", a year ahead of appreciation in Germany and Austria.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b60-65">[64]</a> Dvořák was invited to visit Britain where he appeared to great acclaim in 1884. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Philharmonic_Society" title="Royal Philharmonic Society">London Philharmonic Society</a> commissioned Dvořák to conduct concerts in London, and his performances were well received there.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteinberg1995140-66">[65]</a> In response to the commission, Dvořák wrote his <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._7_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 7 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 7</a> and conducted its premiere at <a href="/wiki/St._James%27s_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="St. James's Hall">St. James's Hall</a> on 22 April 1885.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteinberg1995140–41-67">[66]</a> On a visit later in 1885, Dvořák presented his cantata <a href="/wiki/The_Spectre%27s_Bride" title="The Spectre's Bride">The Spectre's Bride</a>, in a concert on 27 August. He had arrived a week early to conduct rehearsals of the chorus of 500 voices and orchestra of 150. The performance was "a greater triumph than any" Dvořák "had had in his life up to that time...following this phenomenal success, choral societies in the English-speaking countries hastened to prepare and present the new work."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b77-68">[67]</a> Dvořák visited Britain at least eight times in total, conducting his own works there.<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> In 1887, Richter conducted the <a href="/wiki/Symphonic_Variations_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphonic Variations (Dvořák)">Symphonic Variations</a> in London and Vienna to great acclaim (they had been written ten years earlier and Dvořák had allowed them to languish after initial lack of interest from his publishers). Richter wrote to Dvořák of the London performance, "at the hundreds of concerts I have conducted during my life, no new work has been as successful as yours."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b85-70">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1888–1891">1888–1891</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1888–1891">edit</a>]</div> Despite Dvořák's newfound success, a February 1888 performance of Stabat Mater in Vienna fell victim to more anti-Czech feeling and what the composer called "destructive criticism". He heartily thanked Richter for his "courage and devoted sympathy".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b89-71">[70]</a> In 1890, influenced by <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky</a>, Dvořák also visited Russia, and conducted performances of his music in Moscow and <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Russia-4">[3]</a> In 1891, Dvořák received an honorary degree from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a>, and was offered a position at the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Conservatory" title="Prague Conservatory">Prague Conservatory</a> as professor of composition and instrumentation. At first he refused the offer, but then later accepted; this change of mind was seemingly a result of a quarrel with his publisher Simrock over payment for his <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._8_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 8 (Dvořák)">Eighth Symphony</a>. Dvořák's <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Requiem (Dvořák)">Requiem</a> was premiered later that year in <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Triennial_Music_Festival" title="Birmingham Triennial Music Festival">Triennial Music Festival</a>. In 1891 the <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Quartet" title="Bohemian Quartet">Bohemian String Quartet</a>, later called the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Quartet" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech Quartet">Czech Quartet</a>, was founded, with <a href="/wiki/Karel_Hoffmann" title="Karel Hoffmann">Karel Hoffmann</a>, first violin, <a href="/wiki/Josef_Suk_(composer)" title="Josef Suk (composer)">Josef Suk</a>, second violin, <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Nedbal" title="Oskar Nedbal">Oskar Nedbal</a>, viola, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otakar_Berger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otakar Berger (page does not exist)">Otakar Berger</a>, cello. It is said that Nedbal and Suk had been two of Dvořák's "most promising" students at the Conservatory and took the initiative in founding the Quartet.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> As of 1891 Dvořák had written 11 string quartets, six of which had been premiered,<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> and these were available as part of the repertory of the Quartet on tour, as were the two quartets of <a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Smetana</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: United States">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dvorak_Antonin_rodina_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Dvorak_Antonin_rodina_USA.jpg/260px-Dvorak_Antonin_rodina_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Dvorak_Antonin_rodina_USA.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="328" /></a><figcaption>Dvořák with his family and friends in New York in 1893 - from left: his wife Anna, son Antonín, Sadie Siebert, Josef Jan Kovařík (secretary), mother of Sadie Siebert, daughter Otilie, Antonín.<a href="#cite_note-Burghauser82-74">[73]</a></figcaption></figure> From 1892 to 1895, Dvořák was the director of the <a href="/wiki/National_Conservatory_of_Music_of_America" title="National Conservatory of Music of America">National Conservatory of Music</a> in New York City. The Conservatory's President, <a href="/wiki/Jeannette_Thurber" title="Jeannette Thurber">Jeannette Thurber</a>, offered Dvořák an annual salary of $15,000 – an incredibly lavish sum for the era (equivalent to $508,667 in 2023), twenty-five times what he was paid at the Prague Conservatory.<a href="#cite_note-Döge_2001-75">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-Deal-76">[75]</a> Emanuel Rubin<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> describes the Conservatory and Dvořák's time there. Thurber, a wealthy and philanthropic woman, made it open to women and black students as well as white men, which was unusual for the times. Dvořák's original contract provided for three hours a day of work, including teaching and conducting, six days a week, with four months of vacation each summer.<a href="#cite_note-Deal-76">[75]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1893" title="Panic of 1893">Panic of 1893</a>, a severe economic depression, depleted the assets of the Thurber family and other patrons of the Conservatory. In 1894, Dvořák's salary was cut to $8,000 per year and moreover was paid only irregularly.<a href="#cite_note-Deal-76">[75]</a> The Conservatory was located at 126–128 <a href="/wiki/17th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="17th Street (Manhattan)">East Seventeenth Street</a>,<a href="#cite_note-78">[b]</a><a href="#cite_note-songlines-79">[77]</a> but was demolished in 1911 and replaced by what is today a high school. Dvořák's main goal in America was to discover "American Music" and engage in it, much as he had used Czech folk idioms within his music. Shortly after his arrival in America in 1892, Dvořák wrote a series of newspaper articles reflecting on the state of American music. He supported the concept that African-American and Native American music should be used as a foundation for the growth of American music. He felt that through the music of Native Americans and African-Americans, Americans would find their own national style of music.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckerman1992-80">[78]</a> Here Dvořák met <a href="/wiki/Harry_Burleigh" title="Harry Burleigh">Harry Burleigh</a>, who later became one of the earliest African-American composers. Burleigh introduced Dvořák to traditional <a href="/wiki/African-American_spirituals" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American spirituals">African-American spirituals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-De_Lerma-81">[79]</a> In the winter and spring of 1893, Dvořák was commissioned by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Philharmonic" title="New York Philharmonic">New York Philharmonic</a> to write <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 9</a>, From the New World, which was premiered under the baton of <a href="/wiki/Anton_Seidl" title="Anton Seidl">Anton Seidl</a>, to tumultuous applause. Clapham writes that "without question this was one of the greatest triumphs, and very possibly the greatest triumph of all that Dvořák experienced" in his life, and when the Symphony was published it was "seized on by conductors and orchestras" all over the world.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b132-82">[80]</a> Two months before leaving for America, Dvořák had hired as secretary Josef Jan Kovařík, who had just finished violin studies at the Prague Conservatory and was about to return to his home in the United States. There he continued to serve as Dvořák's secretary and lived with the Dvořák family.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b112–13-83">[81]</a> He had come from the <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>-speaking community of <a href="/wiki/Spillville,_Iowa" title="Spillville, Iowa">Spillville, Iowa</a>, where his father Jan Josef Kovařík was a schoolmaster. Dvořák decided to spend the summer of 1893 in Spillville, along with all his family; he referred to it as his "summer Vysoka."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b119–20-84">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[83]</a> While there he composed the <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._12_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 12 (Dvořák)">String Quartet in F</a> (the "American") and the <a href="/wiki/String_Quintet_No._3_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quintet No. 3 (Dvořák)">String Quintet in E♭ major</a>. Back in New York that autumn, he composed his <a href="/wiki/Violin_Sonatina_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Violin Sonatina (Dvořák)">Sonatina for violin and piano</a>. He also conducted a performance of his <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._8_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 8 (Dvořák)">Eighth Symphony</a> at the <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Columbian_Exposition" title="World's Columbian Exposition">Columbian Exposition</a> in Chicago that same year. In the winter of 1894–95, Dvořák wrote his <a href="/wiki/Cello_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Cello Concerto (Dvořák)">Cello Concerto in B minor</a>, Op. 104, B. 191, completed in February 1895.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960322-86">[84]</a> However, due to homesickness, his partially unpaid salary,<a href="#cite_note-Deal-76">[75]</a> and increasing recognition in Europe – he had been made an honorary member of the <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_der_Musikfreunde" title="Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde">Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde</a> in Vienna – he decided to return to Bohemia.<a href="#cite_note-87">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[86]</a> He informed Thurber that he was leaving. Dvořák and his wife left New York before the end of the spring term, with no intention of returning. Dvořák's New York home was located at 327 <a href="/wiki/17th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="17th Street (Manhattan)">East Seventeenth Street</a>, near the intersection of what is today called <a href="/wiki/Nathan_David_Perlman" class="mw-redirect" title="Nathan David Perlman">Perlman</a> Place.<a href="#cite_note-89">[c]</a> It was in this house that both the B minor Cello Concerto and the New World Symphony were written within a few years. Despite protests, from Czech President <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a> amongst others who wanted the house preserved as a historical site, it was demolished in 1991 to make room for a <a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Beth Israel Medical Center">Beth Israel Medical Center</a> residence for people with AIDS.<a href="#cite_note-90">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[89]</a> In 2017, this residence was converted into a homeless shelter.<a href="#cite_note-93">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[91]</a> To honor Dvořák, a statue of him was erected in nearby <a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Square" title="Stuyvesant Square">Stuyvesant Square</a>.<a href="#cite_note-songlines-79">[77]</a> Brahms continued to try to "clear a path for" Dvořák, "the only contemporary whom he considered really worthy".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGál1971151-95">[92]</a> While Dvořák was in America, Simrock was still publishing his music in Germany, and Brahms corrected proofs for him. Dvořák said it was hard to understand why Brahms would "take on the very tedious job of proofreading. I don't believe there is another musician of his stature in the whole world who would do such a thing."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGál1971151-95">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Return_to_Europe_and_last_years">Return to Europe and last years</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Return to Europe and last years">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Josef_Suk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Josef_Suk.jpg/220px-Josef_Suk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Josef_Suk.jpg/330px-Josef_Suk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Josef_Suk.jpg/440px-Josef_Suk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="665" data-file-height="887" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of Dvořák's son-in-law <a href="/wiki/Josef_Suk_(composer)" title="Josef Suk (composer)">Josef Suk</a>, with dedication: "Drahé miss Otilce Dvořákové" ("To dear miss Otilka Dvořáková"), 1894</figcaption></figure> Dvořák returned from the United States on 27 April 1895 with his wife and Otakar Berger.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchönzeler1984174-96">[93]</a> After a performance of <a href="/wiki/Dimitrij_(opera)" title="Dimitrij (opera)">Dimitrij</a> at the National Theater on 19 May, Dvořák left the city for the family country cottage<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b70–71-97">[94]</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vysok%C3%A1_u_P%C5%99%C3%ADbram%C4%9B" title="Vysoká u Příbramě">Vysoká</a>. Dvořák's first love and later sister-in-law, Josefina Kaunitzová, née Čermáková, died in May 1895. He and she had maintained friendly relations over the years. After her death, he revised the coda of his Cello Concerto in her memory.<a href="#cite_note-Battey-98">[95]</a> During Dvořák's final years, he concentrated on composing opera and chamber music. In November 1895, he resumed his professorship at the Prague Conservatory.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960574-99">[96]</a> Between 1895 and 1897, he completed his string quartets in <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._14_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 14 (Dvořák)">A♭ major</a> and <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._13_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 13 (Dvořák)">G major</a>, and also worked on the cycle of symphonic poems inspired by the collection <a href="/wiki/Kytice" title="Kytice">Kytice</a> by <a href="/wiki/Karel_Jarom%C3%ADr_Erben" title="Karel Jaromír Erben">Karel Jaromír Erben</a>. As seen in Burghauser's 1960 Catalogue, Dvořák wrote his five Symphonic Poems in 1896, but after that completed few works per year, mainly operas: <a href="/wiki/The_Jacobin" title="The Jacobin">Jakobín</a> in 1896, nothing in 1897, only <a href="/wiki/The_Devil_and_Kate" title="The Devil and Kate">The Devil and Kate</a> in 1898–1899, <a href="/wiki/Rusalka_(opera)" title="Rusalka (opera)">Rusalka</a> in 1900, two songs and "Recitatives" in 1900–1901, and finally the opera <a href="/wiki/Armida_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Armida (Dvořák)">Armida</a> in 1902–1903. Rusalka became the most popular of all Dvořák's ten operas and gained an international reputation (below under Works, Operas). In 1896 he visited London for the last time to conduct the premiere of his <a href="/wiki/Cello_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Cello Concerto (Dvořák)">Cello Concerto in B minor</a> by the London Philharmonic.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960322-86">[84]</a> Also in 1896, Brahms tried to persuade Dvořák, who had several children, to move to <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. Brahms said he had no dependents and "If you need anything, my fortune is at your disposal".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b150-100">[97]</a> Clapham writes "Dvořák was deeply moved and tears came to his wife's eyes, but it was quite impossible for him, a Czech, to contemplate leaving Bohemia."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b150-100">[97]</a> Brahms himself had little time left to live, as he died 3 April 1897. Also, Brahms hoped to gain an ally in Vienna to "counterbalance the influence of" <a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Bruckner</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b150-100">[97]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_funeral026.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_funeral026.jpg/220px-Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_funeral026.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_funeral026.jpg/330px-Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_funeral026.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_funeral026.jpg/440px-Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_funeral026.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1178" data-file-height="898" /></a><figcaption>Dvořák's funeral on 5 May 1904, an event of national significance<a href="#cite_note-Burghauser105-101">[98]</a></figcaption></figure> In 1897 Dvořák's daughter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otilie_Sukov%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otilie Suková (page does not exist)">Otilie</a> [<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otilie_Sukov%C3%A1-Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1kov%C3%A1" class="extiw" title="cs:Otilie Suková-Dvořáková">cs</a>] married his student, the composer <a href="/wiki/Josef_Suk_(composer)" title="Josef Suk (composer)">Josef Suk</a>. In the same year, Dvořák visited Brahms on his deathbed and attended his funeral on 6 April 1897.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960580-102">[99]</a> In November Dvořák was appointed a member of the jury for the Viennese Artists' Stipendium.<a href="#cite_note-103">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960590-104">[101]</a> He was informed in November 1898 that Emperor <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Franz Joseph I">Franz Joseph I</a> of <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a> would award him a gold medal for Litteris et Artibus, the ceremony taking place before an audience in June 1899.<a href="#cite_note-105">[102]</a> On 4 April 1900 Dvořák conducted his last concert with the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Philharmonic" title="Czech Philharmonic">Czech Philharmonic</a>, performing Brahms' <a href="/wiki/Tragic_Overture" class="mw-redirect" title="Tragic Overture">Tragic Overture</a>, Schubert's <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._8_(Schubert)" title="Symphony No. 8 (Schubert)">"Unfinished" Symphony</a>, Beethoven's <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._8_(Beethoven)" title="Symphony No. 8 (Beethoven)">8th Symphony</a>, and Dvořák's own symphonic poem <a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Dove" title="The Wild Dove">The Wild Dove</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960590-104">[101]</a> In April 1901, The Emperor appointed him a member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords_(Austria)" title="House of Lords (Austria)">Austrian House of Lords</a>, along with the leading Czech poet <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Vrchlick%C3%BD" title="Jaroslav Vrchlický">Jaroslav Vrchlický</a>.<a href="#cite_note-107">[d]</a> Dvořák also succeeded <a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Bennewitz" title="Antonín Bennewitz">Antonín Bennewitz</a> as director of the Prague Conservatory from November 1901 until his death.<a href="#cite_note-108">[104]</a> Dvořák's 60th birthday was celebrated as a national event. First, around the actual date, six of his operas and the oratorio <a href="/wiki/Saint_Ludmila_(oratorio)" title="Saint Ludmila (oratorio)">St. Ludmila</a> were performed in Prague, but Dvořák was away in Vienna; then in November 1901 came the "postponed official birthday party... In many towns all over Bohemia and Moravia, the Czech people celebrated his birthday."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonolka2004109-109">[105]</a> On 25 March 1904 Dvořák had to leave a rehearsal of Armida because of illness.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960603-110">[106]</a> The first Czech Musical Festival, in April 1904, had "a programme consisting almost entirely" of Dvořák's music<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960603-110">[106]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Leo%C5%A1_Jan%C3%A1%C4%8Dek" title="Leoš Janáček">Leoš Janáček</a> was disappointed that none of his music was performed.)<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZemanová2002112-111">[107]</a> "Seventy-six choral associations" from all over Bohemia gathered in Prague, and "sixteen thousand singers" sang Dvořák's oratorio <a href="/wiki/Saint_Ludmila_(oratorio)" title="Saint Ludmila (oratorio)">Saint Ludmila</a>. "Thousands of listeners celebrated" the <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)">symphony "From the New World"</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[108]</a> Dvořák himself was forced by illness to "take to his bed" and so was unable to attend. Dvořák had an "attack of <a href="/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza">influenza</a>" on 18 April<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960604-113">[109]</a> and died on 1 May 1904, of an undiagnosed cause<a href="#cite_note-115">[e]</a> following five weeks of illness, at the age of 62, leaving many unfinished works. His funeral service was held on 5 May,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchönzeler1984194-116">[111]</a> and his remains were buried in <a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad_Cemetery" title="Vyšehrad Cemetery">Vyšehrad Cemetery</a> in Prague, beneath a bust by Czech sculptor <a href="/wiki/Ladislav_%C5%A0aloun" title="Ladislav Šaloun">Ladislav Šaloun</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Style">Style</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Style">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DvorakTomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/DvorakTomb.jpg/220px-DvorakTomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/DvorakTomb.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="308" /></a><figcaption>Dvořák's grave in the <a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad_Cemetery" title="Vyšehrad Cemetery">Vyšehrad Cemetery</a></figcaption></figure> Many of Dvořák's compositions, such as the <a href="/wiki/Slavonic_Dances" title="Slavonic Dances">Slavonic Dances</a> and his large collection of songs, were directly inspired by Czech, <a href="/wiki/Moravian_traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Moravian traditional music">Moravian</a>, and other Slavic <a href="/wiki/Traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional music">traditional music</a>. As the basis for his works, Dvořák frequently used Slavic <a href="/wiki/Folk_dance" title="Folk dance">folk dance</a> forms including the <a href="/wiki/Sko%C4%8Dn%C3%A1" title="Skočná">skočná</a>; the Bohemian <a href="/wiki/Furiant" title="Furiant">furiant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sousedsk%C3%A1" title="Sousedská">sousedská</a>, and <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0pac%C3%ADrka" title="Špacírka">špacirka</a>; the Slovak <a href="/wiki/Odzemek" title="Odzemek">odzemek</a>; the Polish <a href="/wiki/Mazurka" title="Mazurka">mazurka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polonaise_(dance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Polonaise (dance)">polonaise</a>; the Yugoslav <a href="/wiki/Kolo_(dance)" title="Kolo (dance)">Kolo</a>; and folk song forms of Slavic peoples, including the Ukrainian <a href="/wiki/Dumka_(musical_genre)" title="Dumka (musical genre)">dumka</a>. His 16 <a href="/wiki/Slavonic_Dances" title="Slavonic Dances">Slavonic Dances</a>, Op. 46, which first brought him a wide reputation, and Op. 72, include at least one of each of these forms. He also wrote an orchestral Polonaise (1879). He named the third <a href="/wiki/Movement_(music)" title="Movement (music)">movement</a> of his <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._6_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 6 (Dvořák)">6th Symphony</a> as "Scherzo (Furiant)". His <a href="/wiki/Dumky_Trio" class="mw-redirect" title="Dumky Trio">Dumky Trio</a> is one of his best-known chamber works, and is named for the <a href="/wiki/Dumka_(musical_genre)" title="Dumka (musical genre)">dumka</a>, a traditional Ukrainian and Slavic genre. His major works reflect his heritage and love for his native land. Dvořák followed in the footsteps of <a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Bedřich Smetana</a>, the creator of the modern Czech musical style. Dvořák had been an admirer of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner's</a> music since 1857.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b17-26">[25]</a> Late in life, he said that Wagner "was so great a genius that he was capable of doing things that were beyond the reach of other composers".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b172–73-117">[112]</a> Wagner especially influenced Dvořák's operas, but also some orchestral pieces. According to Clapham, the theme of the Andante Sostenuto from his <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._4_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 4 (Dvořák)">fourth symphony</a> "could almost have come directly out of <a href="/wiki/Tannh%C3%A4user_(opera)" title="Tannhäuser (opera)">Tannhäuser</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b31-118">[113]</a> From 1873 on, Dvořák's style was "moving steadily in the direction of <a href="/wiki/Classical_period_(music)" title="Classical period (music)">classical</a> models".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b27-48">[47]</a> To be more specific about "classical models," in 1894 Dvořák wrote an article in which he said the composers of the past he admired most were <a href="/wiki/Bach" class="mw-redirect" title="Bach">Bach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mozart" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozart">Mozart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beethoven" class="mw-redirect" title="Beethoven">Beethoven</a> and <a href="/wiki/Schubert" class="mw-redirect" title="Schubert">Schubert</a>. As the article was specifically on Schubert, three years in advance of the centennial of his birth, it seems Dvořák had a special predilection toward Schubert.<a href="#cite_note-119">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Works">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations. (March 2012) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák">List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_by_genre" title="List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák by genre">List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák by genre</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Emmy_Destinn_-_Antonin_Dvorak_-_Rusalka_-_Song_to_the_Moon_(restored).ogg" title="File:Emmy Destinn - Antonin Dvorak - Rusalka - Song to the Moon (restored).ogg">Song to the Moon (Měsíčku na nebi hlubokém)</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="259" data-mwtitle="Emmy_Destinn_-_Antonin_Dvorak_-_Rusalka_-_Song_to_the_Moon_(restored).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Emmy_Destinn_-_Antonin_Dvorak_-_Rusalka_-_Song_to_the_Moon_%28restored%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/Emmy_Destinn_-_Antonin_Dvorak_-_Rusalka_-_Song_to_the_Moon_%28restored%29.ogg/Emmy_Destinn_-_Antonin_Dvorak_-_Rusalka_-_Song_to_the_Moon_%28restored%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">From <a href="/wiki/Rusalka_(opera)" title="Rusalka (opera)">Rusalka</a> (1901). Performed in German by Czech soprano <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Destinn" title="Emmy Destinn">Emmy Destinn</a> in 1915.</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> Dvořák wrote in a variety of forms: his nine <a href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">symphonies</a> generally conform to classical models, but he also composed the new <a href="/wiki/Symphonic_poem" title="Symphonic poem">symphonic poems</a>. Many of his works show the influence of <a href="/wiki/Czech_folk_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech folk music">Czech folk music</a> rhythms and melodic shapes. Amongst them are the two sets of <a href="/wiki/Slavonic_Dances" title="Slavonic Dances">Slavonic Dances</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Symphonic_Variations_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphonic Variations (Dvořák)">Symphonic Variations</a>, and the majority of his songs. The echoes of such influence are also found in his major <a href="/wiki/Choral" class="mw-redirect" title="Choral">choral</a> works. Dvořák wrote operas (of which the best known is <a href="/wiki/Rusalka_(opera)" title="Rusalka (opera)">Rusalka</a>), <a href="/wiki/Serenade" title="Serenade">serenades</a> for <a href="/wiki/String_orchestra" title="String orchestra">string orchestra</a> and wind ensemble, <a href="/wiki/Chamber_music" title="Chamber music">chamber music</a> (including a number of <a href="/wiki/String_quartet" title="String quartet">string quartets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quintet" title="Quintet">quintets</a>), and piano music. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Numbering">Numbering</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Numbering">edit</a>]</div> A large number of Dvořák's works were given <a href="/wiki/Opus_number" title="Opus number">opus numbers</a>, but not always in the order in which they were written or published. To improve sales, some publishers such as <a href="/wiki/N._Simrock" title="N. Simrock">N. Simrock</a> preferred to represent budding composers as being well established by giving early works much higher opus numbers than their chronological order would merit. In other cases, Dvořák deliberately assigned lower opus numbers to new works to be able to sell them outside contract obligations to his publishers. An example is the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Suite_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Czech Suite (Dvořák)">Czech Suite</a>, which Dvořák did not want to sell to Simrock, and had published with Schlesinger as Op. 39 instead of Op. 52. This led to the same opus number being given to more than one of Dvořák's works; for example, the opus number 12 was assigned successively to the opera King and Charcoal Burner (1871), the Concert Overture in F (1871, derived from the opera), the <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._6_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 6 (Dvořák)">String Quartet No. 6 in A minor</a> (1873), the Furiant in G minor for piano (1879), and the Dumka in C minor for piano (1884). In other cases, a work was given as many as three different opus numbers by different publishers. To add to this confusion, the numbering of Dvořák's symphonies has varied:<a href="#cite_note-naxos-120">[115]</a> <ul><li>they were initially numbered by order of publication instead of composition</li> <li>the first four symphonies to be composed were published after the last five</li> <li>the last five symphonies were not published in order of composition, explaining why, for example, the New World Symphony originally published as No. 5, was later known as No. 8, and then renumbered as No. 9 in the critical editions published in the 1950s.</li></ul> All of Dvořák's works were catalogued chronologically by <a href="/wiki/Jarmil_Burghauser" title="Jarmil Burghauser">Jarmil Burghauser</a>.<a href="#cite_note-121">[116]</a> As an example, in the Burghauser catalogue, the New World Symphony, Op. 95, is B.178. Scholars today often refer to Dvořák's works by their B numbers (for Burghauser), partly because many early works do not have opus numbers. References to the traditional opus numbers are still common because of their historical continuity with earlier scores and printed programs. The opus numbers remain more likely to appear in printed performance programs. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Symphonies">Symphonies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Symphonies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_title_page_of_the_autograph_score_of_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_ninth_symphony.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/The_title_page_of_the_autograph_score_of_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_ninth_symphony.jpg/220px-The_title_page_of_the_autograph_score_of_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_ninth_symphony.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/The_title_page_of_the_autograph_score_of_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_ninth_symphony.jpg/330px-The_title_page_of_the_autograph_score_of_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_ninth_symphony.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/The_title_page_of_the_autograph_score_of_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_ninth_symphony.jpg/440px-The_title_page_of_the_autograph_score_of_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s_ninth_symphony.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2858" data-file-height="1867" /></a><figcaption>Title page of the manuscript to Dvořák's <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)">Ninth Symphony</a></figcaption></figure> During Dvořák's life, only five of his symphonies were widely known. The first one published was the <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._6_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 6 (Dvořák)">sixth</a>, dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Hans_Richter_(conductor)" title="Hans Richter (conductor)">Hans Richter</a>. After Dvořák's death, research uncovered four unpublished symphonies. The manuscript of the first one had even been lost to the composer himself. This led to the situation in which the <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)">New World Symphony</a> has successively been called the 5th, 8th and 9th.<a href="#cite_note-naxos-120">[115]</a> The modern chronological numbering system is used here. With their lyrical style and accessibility to the listener, Dvořák's symphonies seem to derive from the <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubertian</a> tradition; but, as Taruskin suggests, the difference was Dvořák's use of cyclic form, especially in his later symphonies and concertos, where he "occasionally recycled themes... to a degree which lent his works a tinge of secret '<a href="/wiki/Programme_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Programme music">programmaticism</a>'".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaruskin2010754-2">[2]</a> <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 1 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 1 in C minor</a>, Op. 3, was written in 1865 when Dvořák was 24 years old.<a href="#cite_note-122">[n 1]</a> It was later subtitled The Bells of Zlonice, in reference to the time Dvořák spent in the village of Zlonice, and in the church there, between the age of 13 and 16. Like the <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 2 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 2 in B♭ major</a>, Op. 4,<a href="#cite_note-123">[n 2]</a> also in 1865, despite touches of originality, it did not remain in the standard symphonic repertory.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1980778-124">[117]</a> <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._3_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 3 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 3 in E♭ major</a>, Op. 10 (c. 1873),<a href="#cite_note-125">[n 3]</a> shows the impact of Dvořák's acquaintance with the music of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>. This influence is less evident in <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._4_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 4 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 4 in D minor</a>, Op. 13,<a href="#cite_note-126">[n 4]</a> except for the start of the second movement.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1980778-124">[117]</a> <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._5_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 5 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 5 in F major</a>, Op. 76,<a href="#cite_note-127">[n 5]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._6_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 6 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 6 in D major</a>, Op. 60,<a href="#cite_note-128">[n 6]</a> are largely pastoral in nature. The Sixth, published in 1880, shows a resemblance to the <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._2_(Brahms)" title="Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)">Symphony No. 2</a> of Brahms, particularly in the outer movements,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1980778-124">[117]</a> but not so much in the third-movement <a href="/wiki/Furiant" title="Furiant">furiant</a>, a vivid Czech dance. This was the symphony that made Dvořák internationally known as a symphonic composer. <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._7_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 7 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 7 in D minor</a> of 1885, Op. 70,<a href="#cite_note-129">[n 7]</a> is highly regarded by critics and musicologists;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b74-130">[118]</a> Sir <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tovey" title="Donald Tovey">Donald Tovey</a> stated that "along with the four <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a> symphonies and <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Schubert)" title="Symphony No. 9 (Schubert)">Schubert's Ninth</a>, it is among the greatest and purest examples in this art-form since Beethoven".<a href="#cite_note-131">[119]</a> <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._8_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 8 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 8 in G major</a>, Op. 88,<a href="#cite_note-132">[n 8]</a> is characterized by a warmer and more optimistic tone. Karl Schumann (in booklet notes for a recording of all the symphonies by <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Kubel%C3%ADk" title="Rafael Kubelík">Rafael Kubelík</a>) compares it to the works of <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Mahler" title="Gustav Mahler">Gustav Mahler</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132"><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="listen-header"><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 9</a> (From the New World)</div> <div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27,_op._95_-_i._adagio_-_allegro_molto.ogg" title="File:Antonin Dvorak - symphony no. 9 in e minor 'from the new world', op. 95 - i. adagio - allegro molto.ogg">I. Adagio – Allegro molto</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="605" data-mwtitle="Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_'from_the_new_world',_op._95_-_i._adagio_-_allegro_molto.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_i._adagio_-_allegro_molto.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_i._adagio_-_allegro_molto.ogg/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_i._adagio_-_allegro_molto.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description"></div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27,_op._95_-_ii._largo.ogg" title="File:Antonin Dvorak - symphony no. 9 in e minor 'from the new world', op. 95 - ii. largo.ogg">II. Largo</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="695" data-mwtitle="Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_'from_the_new_world',_op._95_-_ii._largo.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_ii._largo.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_ii._largo.ogg/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_ii._largo.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description"></div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27,_op._95_-_iii._molto_vivace.ogg" title="File:Antonin Dvorak - symphony no. 9 in e minor 'from the new world', op. 95 - iii. molto vivace.ogg">III. Scherzo: Molto vivace</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_3" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="506" data-mwtitle="Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_'from_the_new_world',_op._95_-_iii._molto_vivace.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_iii._molto_vivace.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_iii._molto_vivace.ogg/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_iii._molto_vivace.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description"></div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27,_op._95_-_iv._allegro_con_fuoco.ogg" title="File:Antonin Dvorak - symphony no. 9 in e minor 'from the new world', op. 95 - iv. allegro con fuoco.ogg">IV. Allegro con fuoco</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_4" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="703" data-mwtitle="Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_'from_the_new_world',_op._95_-_iv._allegro_con_fuoco.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_iv._allegro_con_fuoco.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_iv._allegro_con_fuoco.ogg/Antonin_Dvorak_-_symphony_no._9_in_e_minor_%27from_the_new_world%27%2C_op._95_-_iv._allegro_con_fuoco.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description"></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing these files? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)">Symphony No. 9 in E minor</a>, Op. 95,<a href="#cite_note-133">[n 9]</a> is also known by its subtitle From the New World, or as the New World Symphony. Dvořák wrote it between January and May 1893, while he was in New York. At the time of its first performance, he claimed that he used elements from American music such as <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual (music)">spirituals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Native_American_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American music">Native American music</a> in this work,<a href="#cite_note-134">[120]</a> but he later denied this. <a href="/wiki/Neil_Armstrong" title="Neil Armstrong">Neil Armstrong</a> took a recording of the New World Symphony to the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a> mission in 1969,<a href="#cite_note-Apollo11-135">[121]</a> and in 2009 it was voted the favourite symphony in <a href="/wiki/Classic_100_Symphony_(ABC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Classic 100 Symphony (ABC)">a poll</a> run by <a href="/wiki/ABC_Classic_FM" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC Classic FM">ABC Classic FM</a> in Australia.<a href="#cite_note-Classic100List-136">[122]</a> It has also been used by the <a href="/wiki/WWE" title="WWE">WWE</a> as the entrance music for superstar <a href="/wiki/Gunther_(wrestler)" title="Gunther (wrestler)">Gunther</a>.<a href="#cite_note-137">[123]</a> Many conductors have recorded cycles of the symphonies, including <a href="/wiki/Karel_An%C4%8Derl" title="Karel Ančerl">Karel Ančerl</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ancerl_discography-138">[124]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_B%C4%9Blohl%C3%A1vek" title="Jiří Bělohlávek">Jiří Bělohlávek</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Belohlavek_2014-139">[125]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Dudamel" title="Gustavo Dudamel">Gustavo Dudamel</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Dudamel_2022-140">[126]</a> <a href="/wiki/Neeme_J%C3%A4rvi" title="Neeme Järvi">Neeme Järvi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Neeme_1991-141">[127]</a> <a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Kert%C3%A9sz_(conductor)" title="István Kertész (conductor)">István Kertész</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Kertesz_1991-142">[128]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Kubel%C3%ADk" title="Rafael Kubelík">Rafael Kubelík</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Kubelik_1999-143">[129]</a> <a href="/wiki/Zden%C4%9Bk_M%C3%A1cal" title="Zdeněk Mácal">Zdeněk Mácal</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Macal_discography-144">[130]</a> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Neumann" title="Václav Neumann">Václav Neumann</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Neumann_2003-145">[131]</a> <a href="/wiki/Libor_Pe%C5%A1ek" title="Libor Pešek">Libor Pešek</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Oesek_2000-146">[132]</a> <a href="/wiki/Witold_Rowicki" title="Witold Rowicki">Witold Rowicki</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Rowicki_60s-147">[133]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otmar_Suitner" title="Otmar Suitner">Otmar Suitner</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Suitner_2005-148">[134]</a> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_%C4%8Cech" title="Adolf Čech">Adolf Čech</a> premiered more of Dvořák's symphonies than anyone else. He conducted the first performances of Nos. 2, 5 and 6;<a href="#cite_note-149">[135]</a> the composer premiered Nos. 7<a href="#cite_note-150">[136]</a> and 8;<a href="#cite_note-151">[137]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Bedřich Smetana</a> led Nos. 3<a href="#cite_note-152">[138]</a> and 4;<a href="#cite_note-153">[139]</a> <a href="/wiki/Anton_Seidl" title="Anton Seidl">Anton Seidl</a> conducted No. 9;<a href="#cite_note-154">[140]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milan_Sachs" title="Milan Sachs">Milan Sachs</a> premiered No. 1.<a href="#cite_note-155">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Symphonic_poems">Symphonic poems</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Symphonic poems">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Franz Liszt</a> invented the <a href="/wiki/Symphonic_poem" title="Symphonic poem">symphonic poem</a>, never employed by more conservative Romantic composers such as <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a>. Dvořák wrote five symphonic poems, all in 1896–1897 with sequential opus numbers: <a href="/wiki/The_Water_Goblin" title="The Water Goblin">The Water Goblin</a>, Op. 107; <a href="/wiki/The_Noon_Witch" title="The Noon Witch">The Noon Witch</a>, Op. 108; <a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Spinning_Wheel_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="The Golden Spinning Wheel (Dvořák)">The Golden Spinning Wheel</a>, Op. 109; <a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Dove" title="The Wild Dove">The Wild Dove</a>, Op. 110; and <a href="/wiki/A_Hero%27s_Song" title="A Hero's Song">A Hero's Song</a>, Op. 111. The first four of poems are based upon <a href="/wiki/Ballad" title="Ballad">ballads</a> from the collection <a href="/wiki/Kytice" title="Kytice">Kytice</a> by the Czech folklorist <a href="/wiki/Karel_Jarom%C3%ADr_Erben" title="Karel Jaromír Erben">Karel Jaromír Erben</a>. A Hero's Song is based on a program of Dvořák's devising and is believed to be autobiographical.<a href="#cite_note-156">[142]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Choral_works">Choral works</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Choral works">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Remembrance_of_the_performance_of_Stabat_Mater_in_Worcester_on_12_September,_1884..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Remembrance_of_the_performance_of_Stabat_Mater_in_Worcester_on_12_September%2C_1884..jpg/220px-Remembrance_of_the_performance_of_Stabat_Mater_in_Worcester_on_12_September%2C_1884..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="337" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Remembrance_of_the_performance_of_Stabat_Mater_in_Worcester_on_12_September%2C_1884..jpg/330px-Remembrance_of_the_performance_of_Stabat_Mater_in_Worcester_on_12_September%2C_1884..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Remembrance_of_the_performance_of_Stabat_Mater_in_Worcester_on_12_September%2C_1884..jpg/440px-Remembrance_of_the_performance_of_Stabat_Mater_in_Worcester_on_12_September%2C_1884..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1318" data-file-height="2018" /></a><figcaption>Title page of the score to <a href="/wiki/Stabat_Mater_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Stabat Mater (Dvořák)">Stabat Mater</a>, with signatures of performers</figcaption></figure> To Dvořák's main choral works belong his setting of <a href="/wiki/Stabat_Mater" title="Stabat Mater">Stabat Mater</a> (the longest extant setting of that text),<a href="#cite_note-157">[143]</a> his <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Requiem (Dvořák)">Requiem</a>, his setting of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_Deum_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te Deum (Dvořák) (page does not exist)">Te Deum</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Mass_in_D_major_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Mass in D major (Dvořák)">Mass in D major</a>. The Stabat Mater, Op. 58, is an extensive (c. 90 minutes) vocal-instrumental <a href="/wiki/Sacred_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred music">sacred work</a> for <a href="/wiki/Solo_(music)" title="Solo (music)">soli</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soprano" title="Soprano">soprano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alto" title="Alto">alto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tenor" title="Tenor">tenor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bass_(voice_type)" title="Bass (voice type)">bass</a>), <a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">choir</a> and orchestra based on the text of an old church hymn with the same name. The inspiration for creating this piece was the death of the composer's daughter, Josefa. Antonín Dvořák composed his Requiem in 1890, at the beginning of the peak period of his career. Dvořák was deeply religious, and this work reflects his faith and spirituality.<a href="#cite_note-158">[144]</a> The premiere took place on 9 October 1891 in <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, conducted by Dvořák himself, and was "very successful".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠourek_et_al.1976xi-159">[145]</a> It had an outstanding success in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> 30 November 1892: "the composer was frequently applauded between numbers and given a most enthusiastic ovation at the end.".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b117-160">[146]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> it was greeted, belatedly, in 1901: "The Vienna performance in March 1901 was a triumph of Dvořák's music, as if the Viennese public wished thereby to make up for their earlier, sometimes cool reception of his works."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠourek_et_al.1976xi-159">[145]</a> The Te Deum, Op. 103, is a <a href="/wiki/Cantata" title="Cantata">cantata</a> for soprano and <a href="/wiki/Baritone" title="Baritone">baritone</a> solo, choir and orchestra to the Latin text of the famous hymn <a href="/wiki/Te_Deum" title="Te Deum">Te Deum</a> (God, we laud You). It was composed in 1892 and dedicated to the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America. The composition had been completed before Dvořák moved to America and was commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Jeannette_Thurber" title="Jeannette Thurber">Jeanette Thurber</a> in 1891, when the composer accepted a position as director of her school. Te Deum is more intimate than the Stabat Mater and Requiem. It was premiered at Dvořák's first concert in New York on 21 October 1892. The Mass in D major (first numbered Op. 76, then Op. 86) was originally intended for organ, solo voices and small choir. The work was finalized in 1892 when, in response to a request from the Novello publishers of London, Dvořák arranged his Mass for a symphony orchestra.<a href="#cite_note-161">[147]</a> The oratorio <a href="/wiki/Saint_Ludmila_(oratorio)" title="Saint Ludmila (oratorio)">Saint Ludmila</a> was a huge success in Bohemia and Moravia, sung at events in Dvořák's honor in 1901 and 1904. The piece had considerable success in England in October 1886, with an audience on the 15th "in raptures... the critics praised the music in the warmest terms", and on the 29th, there was a "large and equally enthusiastic audience, and once again the critics were full of praise", but the libretto's translation from Czech into English was "regarded on all sides as unsatisfactory".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b81–82-162">[148]</a> The cantata <a href="/wiki/The_Spectre%27s_Bride" title="The Spectre's Bride">The Spectre's Bride</a>, Op. 69, B. 135, performed in 1885 at the Birmingham, England, Musical Festival, was the greatest success to that point in Dvořák's career.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b77-68">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concerti">Concerti</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Concerti">edit</a>]</div> The critic <a href="/wiki/Harold_C._Schonberg" title="Harold C. Schonberg">Harold C. Schonberg</a> described "an attractive Piano Concerto in G minor with a rather ineffective piano part, a beautiful Violin Concerto in A minor, and a supreme Cello Concerto in B minor".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchonberg1980-163">[149]</a> All the concerti are in the classical three-movement form. The <a href="/wiki/Piano_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Concerto (Dvořák)">Concerto for Piano and Orchestra in G minor, Op. 33</a> was the first of three concerti (for solo instrument and orchestra) that Dvořák composed, but is perhaps the least known of the three. The <a href="/wiki/Violin_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Violin Concerto (Dvořák)">Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in A minor, Op. 53</a> was written in 1878 for <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joseph Joachim</a>, a prominent violinist whom Dvořák had met and admired. It was finished in 1879, but Joachim was skeptical of the work. The concerto was premiered in 1883 in Prague by the violinist <a href="/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Ond%C5%99%C3%AD%C4%8Dek" title="František Ondříček">František Ondříček</a>, who also gave its first performances in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> and London. The <a href="/wiki/Cello_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Cello Concerto (Dvořák)">Concerto for Cello and Orchestra in B minor, Op. 104</a> was the final concerto to be composed. He wrote it in 1894–1895 for his friend <a href="/wiki/Hanu%C5%A1_Wihan" title="Hanuš Wihan">Hanuš Wihan</a>. Wihan and others had asked for a cello concerto for some time, but Dvořák refused, stating that the cello was a fine orchestral instrument but completely insufficient for a solo concerto.<a href="#cite_note-164">[150]</a> Dvořák composed the concerto in New York while serving as the Director of the <a href="/wiki/National_Conservatory_of_Music_of_America" title="National Conservatory of Music of America">National Conservatory</a>. In 1894, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Herbert" title="Victor Herbert">Victor Herbert</a>, who was also teaching at the Conservatory, had written his Second Cello Concerto, Op. 30 and presented it several times that year, including its successful premiere with the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Philharmonic" title="New York Philharmonic">New York Philharmonic</a> under <a href="/wiki/Anton_Seidl" title="Anton Seidl">Anton Seidl</a>. Dvořák attended at least two performances of Herbert's cello concerto and was inspired to fulfill Wihan's request for a cello concerto. Dvořák's concerto premiered in London on 16 March 1896, with the English cellist <a href="/wiki/Leo_Stern" title="Leo Stern">Leo Stern</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960322-86">[84]</a> The reception was "enthusiastic".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b149-165">[151]</a> <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a> said of the work: "Had I known that one could write a cello concerto like this, I would have written one long ago!" Agreeing with Schonberg, the cellist and author Robert Battey wrote "I believe it to be the greatest of all cello concertos...an opinion shared by most cellists".<a href="#cite_note-Battey-98">[95]</a> A compiler of discographies of Dvořák's music wrote that his is the "king" of cello concertos.<a href="#cite_note-166">[152]</a> In 1865, early in his career, Dvořák had composed a <a href="/wiki/Cello_Concerto_in_A_major_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Cello Concerto in A major (Dvořák)">Cello concerto in A major with Piano accompaniment</a>, B. 10.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser196091–92-167">[153]</a> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Raphael" title="Günter Raphael">Günter Raphael</a> in 1925–1929 produced a revised and orchestrated version. Dvořák's cataloguer <a href="/wiki/Jarmil_Burghauser" title="Jarmil Burghauser">Jarmil Burghauser</a> made another orchestration and abridgement, published in 1975. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chamber_music">Chamber music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Chamber music">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132"><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="listen-header"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_Pieces_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Romantic Pieces (Dvořák)">Romantic Pieces</a> for violin and piano</div> <div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Romance_Op._75_No._1.ogg" title="File:Dvořák - Romance Op. 75 No. 1.ogg">No. 1</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_5" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="206" data-mwtitle="Dvořák_-_Romance_Op._75_No._1.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Romance_Op._75_No._1.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Romance_Op._75_No._1.ogg/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Romance_Op._75_No._1.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description"></div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Romance_Op._75_No._2.ogg" title="File:Dvořák - Romance Op. 75 No. 2.ogg">No. 3</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_6" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="147" data-mwtitle="Dvořák_-_Romance_Op._75_No._2.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Romance_Op._75_No._2.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Romance_Op._75_No._2.ogg/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Romance_Op._75_No._2.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Performed by Roxana Pavel Goldstein (violin) and Monica Pavel (piano).</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing these files? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> A viola player himself, Dvořák had a natural affinity for string instruments. Over a period of thirty years, Dvořák composed over forty chamber music works. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="String_quintets">String quintets</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: String quintets">edit</a>]</div> In 1860, just after he completed his education at the Prague Organ School, Dvořák composed his <a href="/wiki/String_Quintet_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quintet No. 1 (Dvořák)">String Quintet No. 1 in A minor</a>, Op. 1. Two more would follow, of which the <a href="/wiki/String_Quintet_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quintet No. 2 (Dvořák)">String Quintet No. 2 in G major</a>, Op. 77 from early 1875, is noteworthy for the use of a double bass. This quintet was written towards the end of the composer's transitional phase, incorporating a thematic density to his works. This quintet is characterized by delicate operetta style uncommon in his instrumental work.<a href="#cite_note-168">[154]</a> The extension of a variation to all section is reminiscent of his symphonic literature.<a href="#cite_note-Döge_2001-75">[74]</a> It was written for a chamber music competition sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/Um%C4%9Bleck%C3%A1_beseda" title="Umělecká beseda">Umělecká beseda</a> (Artistic Circle), where it was unanimously awarded a prize of five <a href="/wiki/Ducat" title="Ducat">ducats</a> for the "distinction of theme, the technical skill in polyphonic composition, the mastery of form and the knowledge of the instruments" displayed.<a href="#cite_note-169">[155]</a> The <a href="/wiki/String_Quintet_No._3_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quintet No. 3 (Dvořák)">String Quintet No. 3 in E♭ major</a>, Op. 97, with a second viola added, was written near the end of his American period in 1893, when he spent a summer holiday in <a href="/wiki/Spillville,_Iowa" title="Spillville, Iowa">Spillville, Iowa</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="String_quartets">String quartets</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: String quartets">edit</a>]</div> In the 1880s Dvořák made a list of his destroyed compositions, including string quartets in B-flat, D and E minor of 1868–70. Dvořák destroyed these compositions during his "mad period" only after copies had already been printed. The number of errors in the parts makes it unlikely that they were ever played. Dvořák kept the manuscripts of these quartets but did not give them opus numbers. They are noted to have numbers <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 2 (Dvořák)">B.17</a>, <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._3_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 3 (Dvořák)">B.18</a>, and <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._4_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 4 (Dvořák)">B.19</a> in the Burghauser catalog<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-35">[34]</a> and show the strong influence of the music of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>.<a href="#cite_note-170">[156]</a> The second, third, and fourth quartets illustrate Dvořák's progress as a composer. He demonstrates understanding of highly developed musical language in his D major quartet, shaping the melody of the Slav freedom song Hej Slovane ('Hey, Slavs!') in a variation style.<a href="#cite_note-Döge_2001-75">[74]</a> The quartet in E minor is a single movement, including a slow, 63 bars on an F# pedal point.<a href="#cite_note-Döge_2001-75">[74]</a> The single movement from the E minor quartet was used five years later in his second string quintet Op. 77, as a second movement named Intermezzo: Nocturne, making this initially a five-movement composition. He later withdrew the second movement and reworked it into the <a href="/wiki/Nocturne_in_B_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nocturne in B (Dvořák)">Nocturne for Strings in B major, Op. 40 (B. 47)</a>. These show a stronger sense of form<a href="#cite_note-171">[157]</a> and include three separate arrangements: for orchestra (B47), for violin and piano (B48A), and for piano four hands (B48B).<a href="#cite_note-Döge_2001-75">[74]</a> During his time in America in 1893, Dvořák composed two of his most popular quartets: the <a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._12_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 12 (Dvořák)">String Quartet No. 12 in F, Op. 96 ("The American")</a> and the String Quintet in E-flat, Op. 97 (B180). Dvořák composed this work in three days after he and his family reunited in Spillville, Iowa. He drew inspiration from the freedom he felt in the countryside of America. This piece is distinguishable from his other quartets due to the simplicity of it writing. Throughout the piece, Dvořák uses skipping rhythms, high register of the first violin, and unified key relationships among all movements except for Lento.<a href="#cite_note-172">[158]</a> There is less shaping in thematic material, heavy uses of repetition, and less attention was paid to the development.<a href="#cite_note-Döge_2001-75">[74]</a> Shortly after the composition of Op. 96, Dvořák composed his E-flat Major String Quintet, Op. 97. This piece was distinguished from his prior chamber works due to the instrumentation of two viola parts. The influence that Native American folk music had on Dvořák's work was also apparent in Op. 97; there is a common drum rhythm in Native American music presented throughout all of the movements except the Larghetto.<a href="#cite_note-173">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_chamber_works">Other chamber works</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Other chamber works">edit</a>]</div> He also composed two piano quintets, both in A major, of which the <a href="/wiki/Piano_Quintet_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Quintet No. 2 (Dvořák)">second</a>, Op. 81, is the better known. He left a <a href="/wiki/Terzetto_in_C_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" class="mw-redirect" title="Terzetto in C (Dvořák)">Terzetto for two violins and viola</a> (Op. 74); two piano quartets (<a href="/wiki/Piano_Quartet_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Quartet No. 1 (Dvořák)">Op. 23</a> and <a href="/wiki/Piano_Quartet_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Quartet No. 2 (Dvořák)">Op. 87</a>), a <a href="/wiki/String_Sextet_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Sextet (Dvořák)">string sextet, Op. 48</a>; and four piano trios, including the <a href="/wiki/Piano_Trio_No._4_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Trio No. 4 (Dvořák)">Piano Trio No. 4</a> (subtitled <a href="/wiki/Dumky" class="mw-redirect" title="Dumky">Dumky</a>), Op. 90. He also wrote a set of <a href="/wiki/Bagatelles,_Op._47_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagatelles, Op. 47 (Dvořák)">Bagatelles, Op. 47</a>, for the unusual combination of two violins, cello, and <a href="/wiki/Harmonium" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonium">harmonium</a>. The Bagatelles are cyclical and similar to a suite, echoing Czech bagpipe melodies. Dvořák wrote two waltzes for string quartet, and arranged set of 12 love songs for the string quartet entitled Echo of Songs (B152), taken from his set of 18 songs originally composed in 1865 entitled <a href="/wiki/Cypresses_quartet_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypresses quartet (Dvořák)">Cypresses</a>. His works for violin and piano include the <a href="/wiki/Romantic_Pieces_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Romantic Pieces (Dvořák)">Romantic Pieces</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Violin_Sonatina_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Violin Sonatina (Dvořák)">Violin Sonatina</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Violin_Sonata_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Violin Sonata (Dvořák)">Violin Sonata</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operas">Operas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Operas">edit</a>]</div> In a 1904 interview, Dvořák claimed that opera was 'the most suitable form for the nation'.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003370-174">[160]</a> If this nationalist sentiment was at the heart of his opera compositions, he struggled to find a style straddling Czech traditional melody and the <a href="/wiki/Grand_opera" title="Grand opera">grand opera</a> style of <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Giacomo Meyerbeer</a>, which he experienced as lead viola player in the orchestra of Prague's Provisional Theatre between 1862 and 1871,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003370–71-175">[161]</a> and whose influence is evident in his works such as <a href="/wiki/Vanda_(opera)" title="Vanda (opera)">Vanda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dimitrij_(opera)" title="Dimitrij (opera)">Dimitrij</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003378–80-176">[162]</a> His later interest in the music of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a> also influenced his operas, evident in his extensive rewrite of Dmitrij in 1894, following its failure at Vienna.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003380-177">[163]</a> Of all his operas, only <a href="/wiki/Rusalka_(opera)" title="Rusalka (opera)">Rusalka</a>, Op. 114, which contains the well-known aria "Měsíčku na nebi hlubokém" ("Song to the Moon"), is played on contemporary opera stages with any frequency outside the Czech Republic. This is attributable to their uneven invention and libretti, and perhaps also their staging requirements – <a href="/wiki/The_Jacobin" title="The Jacobin">The Jacobin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armida_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Armida (Dvořák)">Armida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vanda_(opera)" title="Vanda (opera)">Vanda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dimitrij_(opera)" title="Dimitrij (opera)">Dimitrij</a> need stages large enough to portray invading armies. There is speculation by Dvořák scholars such as Michael Beckerman that the second movement of his Symphony No. 9 "From the New World", was adapted from studies for a never-written opera about <a href="/wiki/Hiawatha" title="Hiawatha">Hiawatha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckerman2003-178">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Songs">Songs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Songs">edit</a>]</div> The song cycle of 10 <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Songs" title="Biblical Songs">Biblical Songs</a>, Op. 99, B. 185, was written in March 1894. Around that time Dvořák was informed of the death of the famous conductor, and his close personal friend, <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_B%C3%BClow" title="Hans von Bülow">Hans von Bülow</a>. A month earlier, he had been grieved to hear that his father was near death, far away in Bohemia. Dvořák consoled himself in the <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a>. The resulting work, considered the finest of his song cycles, is based on the text of the <a href="/wiki/Bible_of_Kralice" title="Bible of Kralice">Czech Bible of Kralice</a>. Dvořák's father died 28 March 1894,<a href="#cite_note-179">[165]</a> two days after the completion of the work.<a href="#cite_note-180">[166]</a> Another well known cycle is the seven Gypsy Songs (Czech Cikánské melodie) B. 104, Op. 55 which includes "<a href="/wiki/Songs_My_Mother_Taught_Me_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Songs My Mother Taught Me (Dvořák)">Songs My Mother Taught Me</a>" (the fourth of the set). Dvořák created many other songs inspired by Czech national traditional music, such as the "Love Songs", "Evening Songs", etc. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_works">Other works</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Other works">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132"><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Humoresque_Op._101_No._7.ogg" title="File:Dvořák - Humoresque Op. 101 No. 7.ogg">Humoresque Op. 101 No. 7</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_7" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="188" data-mwtitle="Dvořák_-_Humoresque_Op._101_No._7.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Humoresque_Op._101_No._7.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Humoresque_Op._101_No._7.ogg/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_-_Humoresque_Op._101_No._7.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Arranged for viola and piano by Elias Goldstein, performed by Elias Goldstein (viola) and Monica Pavel (piano)</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> From other works that show the influence of Czech folk rhythms and melodic shapes, perhaps the best known examples are the two sets of <a href="/wiki/Slavonic_Dances" title="Slavonic Dances">Slavonic Dances</a>. The first book, Op. 46 (1878), is predominantly Czech in form. It was created for piano <a href="/wiki/Duet" title="Duet">duet</a> (one piano, four hands), but Dvořák then orchestrated the entire set, completing it the same year. The second book, Op. 72 (also composed originally for piano four hands), composed eight years later, includes forms native to other <a href="/wiki/Slavic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic peoples">Slavic</a> lands Serbia, Poland and Ukraine, although some "merge characteristics of more than one dance".<a href="#cite_note-181">[167]</a> Dvořák did not use actual folk tunes, but created his own themes in the style of <a href="/wiki/Traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional music">traditional folk music</a>, using the rhythms of original folk dances. A work that does not fit in the other categories is the <a href="/wiki/Symphonic_Variations_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphonic Variations (Dvořák)">Symphonic Variations</a> of 1877. Orchestral variations on an original theme, composed as a freestanding work, were a rather unusual genre. Originally unsuccessful and revived only after ten years, it has since established itself in the repertoire. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_students">Notable students</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notable students">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For Dvořák's notable students, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_music_students_by_teacher:_C_to_F#Antonín_Dvořák" title="List of music students by teacher: C to F">List of music students by teacher: C to F § Antonín Dvořák</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Legacy">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonin_Dvorak_statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Antonin_Dvorak_statue.jpg/180px-Antonin_Dvorak_statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Antonin_Dvorak_statue.jpg/270px-Antonin_Dvorak_statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Antonin_Dvorak_statue.jpg/360px-Antonin_Dvorak_statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Statue of Antonín Dvořák in Prague, Czech Republic</figcaption></figure> Dvořák's "Largo" from the New World Symphony was one of several pieces performed in a Japanese internment camp on Sumatra by a vocal orchestra made up of female prisoners of war on 27 December 1943.<a href="#cite_note-182">[168]</a> The 1980 film <a href="/wiki/Concert_at_the_End_of_Summer" title="Concert at the End of Summer">Concert at the End of Summer</a> is based on Dvořák's life. Dvořák was played by <a href="/wiki/Josef_Vinkl%C3%A1%C5%99" title="Josef Vinklář">Josef Vinklář</a>.<a href="#cite_note-183">[169]</a> The 2012 television film <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_American_Letters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The American Letters (page does not exist)">The American Letters</a> focuses on Dvořák's love life. Dvořák is played by <a href="/wiki/Hynek_%C4%8Cerm%C3%A1k" title="Hynek Čermák">Hynek Čermák</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Americké_dopisy_(TV_film)_(2015)-184">[170]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ian_Krykorka" title="Ian Krykorka">Ian Krykorka</a> has written a number of children's books based on some of Dvořák's operas. <a href="/wiki/Josef_%C5%A0kvoreck%C3%BD" title="Josef Škvorecký">Josef Škvorecký</a> wrote Dvorak in Love about his life in America as Director of the <a href="/wiki/National_Conservatory_of_Music_of_America" title="National Conservatory of Music of America">National Conservatory for Music</a>. Asteroid <a href="/wiki/2055_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="2055 Dvořák">2055 Dvořák</a>, discovered by <a href="/wiki/Lubo%C5%A1_Kohoutek" title="Luboš Kohoutek">Luboš Kohoutek</a>, is named in his honor.<a href="#cite_note-185">[171]</a> Dvorak (Anton) Park in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Pilsen_Historic_District" title="Pilsen Historic District">Pilsen Historic District</a> is also named after the composer.<a href="#cite_note-186">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notes and references">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> Brahms joined the jury, and the 1874 prize was awarded, only in early 1875. </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&params=40_44_08.5_N_73_59_14_W_type:landmark">40°44′08.5″N 73°59′14″W / 40.735694°N 73.98722°W / 40.735694; -73.98722</a> at the southeast corner of the intersection with Irving Place, a block east of <a href="/wiki/Union_Square_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Square (New York City)">Union Square</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&params=40_44_03_N_73_58_57_W_type:landmark">40°44′03″N 73°58′57″W / 40.73417°N 73.98250°W / 40.73417; -73.98250</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> In 1899 Franz Joseph had decreed that the Czech language could no longer be used in local administration or law courts. This was much resented, and he hoped to placate the Czechs by the appointments.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b161-106">[103]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> There was no autopsy, nor were the symptoms clear.<a href="#cite_note-114">[110]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Details">Details</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Details">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 64em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> First performed 1936; first published 1961 </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> First performed 1888; first published 1959 </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> First performed 1874; first published 1912 </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> First performed 1892; first published 1912 </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> First performed 1879; first published 1888 as 'Symphony no. 3' </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> First performed and published in 1881 as 'Symphony no. 1' </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> First performed and published in 1885 as 'Symphony no. 2' </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> First performed and published in 1888 as 'Symphony no. 4' </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> First performed in 1893 and published in 1894 as 'Symphony no. 5' </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1980765-1"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1980765_1-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1980">Clapham 1980</a>, p. 765. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETaruskin2010754-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaruskin2010754_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaruskin2010754_2-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFTaruskin2010">Taruskin 2010</a>, p. 754. </li> <li id="cite_note-Russia-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Russia_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Russia_4-1">b</a> Burghauser 1960 or later ed., "Survey of the life of" A.D. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b132–33-5"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b132–33_5-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, pp. 132–33. </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dvorakovapraha.cz/en/">"Dvorak's Prague Festival (Dvorak Hall) in Prague"</a>. Prague Experience. 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Prague+Experience&rft.atitle=Dvorak%27s+Prague+Festival+%28Dvorak+Hall%29+in+Prague&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dvorakovapraha.cz%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clap66p295-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Clap66p295_7-0">^</a> Clapham 1966, p. 295; also gives further partial ascending and descending family trees </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHughes196722–23-8"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHughes196722–23_8-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHughes1967">Hughes 1967</a>, pp. 22–23. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979a3-9"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979a3_9-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979a">Clapham 1979a</a>, p. 3. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHughes196724-10"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHughes196724_10-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHughes1967">Hughes 1967</a>, p. 24. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979a23-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979a23_11-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979a">Clapham 1979a</a>, p. 23. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960466-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960466_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, p. 466. </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1966</a>, pp. 49–50. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b12-14"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b12_14-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 12. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960468-15"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960468_15-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, p. 468. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonolka200414–16-16"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonolka200414–16_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHonolka2004">Honolka 2004</a>, pp. 14–16. </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/214019">Josef Bohuslav Förster</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://czechmusic.net/klasika/foerster_e.htm">"Foerster"</a>, Kasika, Czech music</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Foerster&rft.btitle=Kasika&rft.pub=Czech+music&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fczechmusic.net%2Fklasika%2Ffoerster_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988">. </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Smaczny, Jan, "Foerster, Josef Bohuslav", in Oxford Companion to Music, Alison Latham, Ed., Oxford University Press, 2002, pp. 468–69. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchönzeler198436–38-20"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchönzeler198436–38_20-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSchönzeler1984">Schönzeler 1984</a>, pp. 36–38. </li> <li id="cite_note-Smaczny_2002,_p._391-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Smaczny_2002,_p._391_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smaczny_2002,_p._391_21-1">b</a> Smaczny 2002, p. 391. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchönzeler198439-22"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchönzeler198439_22-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSchönzeler1984">Schönzeler 1984</a>, p. 39. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b20-23"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b20_23-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 20. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979a5-24"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979a5_24-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979a">Clapham 1979a</a>, p. 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b21–22-25"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b21–22_25-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, pp. 21–22. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b17-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b17_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b17_26-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 17. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b21-27"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b21_27-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHughes196735-28"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHughes196735_28-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHughes1967">Hughes 1967</a>, p. 35. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b23-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b23_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b23_29-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b23_29-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 23. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b24-30"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b24_30-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 24. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dvořák,_Otakar_2004-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dvořák,_Otakar_2004_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dvořák,_Otakar_2004_31-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDvořák2004" class="citation book cs1">Dvořák, Otakar (2004). Můj otec Antonín Dvořák (1st ed.). Příbram: Knihovna Jana Drdy. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-80-86240-78-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-80-86240-78-7"><bdi>978-80-86240-78-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/56724472">56724472</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C5%AFj+otec+Anton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&rft.place=P%C5%99%C3%ADbram&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Knihovna+Jana+Drdy&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F56724472&rft.isbn=978-80-86240-78-7&rft.aulast=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&rft.aufirst=Otakar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> Eleanor Kelly. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://donne-uk.org/otiliesukova/#">'Otilie Suková (1878-1905)'</a>, Donne Foundation </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser196077-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser196077_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser196077_33-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, p. 77. </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, B.1–B.19 </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_35-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1996</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchönzeler198446-36"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchönzeler198446_36-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSchönzeler1984">Schönzeler 1984</a>, p. 46. </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, pp. 101–04, B.16a, B.16 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b25-38"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b25_38-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 25. </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, B.1 through B.26, with Op. 1 assigned both to a string quintet B.7 and to the opera Alfred, B.16; see "Works" about irregular opus numbering </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> From a set, "Songs to words by Eliška Krásnohorská", B.23 in <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, pp. 106–08, B.21. </li> <li id="cite_note-radio-42"><a href="#cite_ref-radio_42-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.radio.cz/first-recording-long-forgotten-dvorak-opera-king-and-collier-8117877">"First recording of long-forgotten Dvořák opera King and Collier"</a>. Radio Prague International. 20 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radio+Prague+International&rft.atitle=First+recording+of+long-forgotten+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k+opera+King+and+Collier&rft.date=2019-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.radio.cz%2Ffirst-recording-long-forgotten-dvorak-opera-king-and-collier-8117877&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b29-43"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b29_43-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 29. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960131–33-44"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960131–33_44-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, pp. 131–33. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b30-45"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b30_45-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 30. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b26-46"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b26_46-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 26. </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> This piece, sometimes called Hymnus, is B.27 in the Burghauser (1960) Catalogue. Dvořâk did not give it an opus number. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b27-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b27_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b27_48-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 27. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b35-49"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b35_49-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 35. </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979a">Clapham 1979a</a>, p. 36, footnote </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBotstein" class="citation web cs1">Botstein, Leon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140219132303/http://americansymphony.org/admiration-and-emulation-the-friendship-of-brahms-and-dvorak/">"Admiration and emulation: the friendship of Brahms and Dvorák"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americansymphony.org/admiration-and-emulation-the-friendship-of-brahms-and-dvorak/">the original</a> on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Admiration+and+emulation%3A+the+friendship+of+Brahms+and+Dvor%C3%A1k&rft.aulast=Botstein&rft.aufirst=Leon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericansymphony.org%2Fadmiration-and-emulation-the-friendship-of-brahms-and-dvorak%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 36 is "certain" that these two were included. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b35–36-53"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b35–36_53-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, pp. 35–36. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b39-54"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b39_54-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 39. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b42-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b42_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b42_55-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 42. </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> The quartet was Op. 34, B.75 and was revised in 1879: Burghauser 1960, p. 179 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b44-57"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b44_57-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 44. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b46-58"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b46_58-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 46. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b49-59">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b49_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b49_59-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 49. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b63,_68-60"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b63,_68_60-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, pp. 63, 68. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b53;_71_in_UK-61"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b53;_71_in_UK_61-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 53; 71 in UK. </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurghauserJoachimová2003" class="citation AV-media-notes cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Burghauser, Jarmil; Joachimová, Zoja (translation) (2003). Dvořák: Symphonies 4–5–6 (sleevenote) (CD) (in Czech). <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Neumann" title="Václav Neumann">Václav Neumann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Philharmonic_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech Philharmonic Orchestra">Czech Philharmonic Orchestra</a>. Prague: <a href="/wiki/Supraphon" title="Supraphon">Supraphon</a>. p. 5. SU 3704-2 032.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%3A+Symphonies+4%E2%80%935%E2%80%936+%28sleevenote%29&rft.place=Prague&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Supraphon&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Burghauser&rft.aufirst=Jarmil&rft.au=Joachimov%C3%A1%2C+Zoja+%28translation%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELayton197830–31-63"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELayton197830–31_63-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLayton1978">Layton 1978</a>, pp. 30–31. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2003a373-64"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2003a373_64-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrown2003a">Brown 2003a</a>, p. 373. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b60-65">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b60_65-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b60_65-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 60. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESteinberg1995140-66"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteinberg1995140_66-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSteinberg1995">Steinberg 1995</a>, p. 140. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESteinberg1995140–41-67"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteinberg1995140–41_67-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSteinberg1995">Steinberg 1995</a>, pp. 140–41. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b77-68">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b77_68-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b77_68-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 77. </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> Once each in 1884, in October 1886, and in April 1990, twice each in 1885, March to May and later in August, in 1891 June and later in October, and lastly in March 1896: Burghauser 1960 or later ed. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b85-70"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b85_70-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 85. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b89-71"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b89_71-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 89. </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> Hughes, 1967, p. 147 </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> Burghauser 1960 B.8, B.45, B.57, B.75, B.92, B.121 </li> <li id="cite_note-Burghauser82-74"><a href="#cite_ref-Burghauser82_74-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser2006">Burghauser 2006</a>, p. 82 "Dvořákova rodina s přáteli na dvoře domu v New Yorku v roce 1893 [zleva manželka Anna, syn Antonín, Sadie Siebertová, Josef Jan Kovařík, matka Sadie Siebertové, dcera Otilie, Antonín Dvořák]." </li> <li id="cite_note-Döge_2001-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Döge_2001_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Döge_2001_75-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Döge_2001_75-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Döge_2001_75-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Döge_2001_75-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Döge_2001_75-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDöge2001" class="citation journal cs1">Döge, Klaus (20 January 2001). "Dvorák, Antonín (Leopold)". Grove Music Online. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.51222">10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.51222</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Grove+Music+Online&rft.atitle=Dvor%C3%A1k%2C+Anton%C3%ADn+%28Leopold%29&rft.date=2001-01-20&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.51222&rft.aulast=D%C3%B6ge&rft.aufirst=Klaus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Deal-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Deal_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deal_76-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deal_76-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deal_76-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper2013" class="citation cs2">Cooper, Michael (23 August 2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/24/arts/music/the-deal-that-brought-dvorak-to-new-york.html">"The Deal that Brought Dvorak to New York"</a>, The New York Times</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Deal+that+Brought+Dvorak+to+New+York&rft.date=2013-08-23&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F08%2F24%2Farts%2Fmusic%2Fthe-deal-that-brought-dvorak-to-new-york.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988">. </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> Rubin, Emanuel, Chapter 6. Dvořák at the National Conservatory in <a href="#CITEREFTibbets1993">Tibbets 1993</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-songlines-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-songlines_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-songlines_79-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaureckas2006" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Naureckas" title="Jim Naureckas">Naureckas, Jim</a> (13 June 2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nysonglines.com/17st.htm">"Seventeenth Street"</a>, New York Songlines</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Seventeenth+Street&rft.btitle=New+York+Songlines&rft.date=2006-06-13&rft.aulast=Naureckas&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nysonglines.com%2F17st.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988">. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckerman1992-80"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckerman1992_80-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBeckerman1992">Beckerman 1992</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-De_Lerma-81"><a href="#cite_ref-De_Lerma_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Lerma" class="citation cs2">De Lerma, Dominique-René, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dramonline.org/albums/african-heritage-symphonic-series-vol-i/notes">"Essay"</a>, African Heritage Symphonic Series, <a href="/wiki/Cedille_Records" title="Cedille Records">Cedille Records</a>, vol. I, Dram online, Liner note, CDR055</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Essay&rft.btitle=African+Heritage+Symphonic+Series&rft.series=Cedille+Records&rft.pages=Liner+note&rft.pub=Dram+online&rft.aulast=De+Lerma&rft.aufirst=Dominique-Ren%C3%A9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dramonline.org%2Falbums%2Fafrican-heritage-symphonic-series-vol-i%2Fnotes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988">. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b132-82"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b132_82-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 132. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b112–13-83"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b112–13_83-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, pp. 112–13. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b119–20-84"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b119–20_84-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, pp. 119–20. </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTibbetts1993" class="citation book cs1">Tibbetts, John (1993). Dvorák in America. Amadeus Press. p. 84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-931340-56-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-931340-56-X"><bdi>0-931340-56-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvor%C3%A1k+in+America&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=Amadeus+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-931340-56-X&rft.aulast=Tibbetts&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960322-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960322_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960322_86-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960322_86-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, p. 322. </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.classicfm.com/composers/dvorak/guides/dvorak-facts/dvorak-family/">"Dvořák's family"</a>. Classic FM. Retrieved 20 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Classic+FM&rft.atitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%27s+family&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.classicfm.com%2Fcomposers%2Fdvorak%2Fguides%2Fdvorak-facts%2Fdvorak-family%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-musicapp-medieval-modern/chapter/antonin-dvorak/#:~:text=But%20shortfalls%20in%20payment%20of,some%20of%20his%20choral%20works.">"Antonin Dvorak | Music 101"</a>. courses.lumenlearning.com. Retrieved 20 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=courses.lumenlearning.com&rft.atitle=Antonin+Dvorak+%7C+Music+101&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcourses.lumenlearning.com%2Fsuny-musicapp-medieval-modern%2Fchapter%2Fantonin-dvorak%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DBut%2520shortfalls%2520in%2520payment%2520of%2Csome%2520of%2520his%2520choral%2520works.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorowitz2002" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Horowitz" title="Joseph Horowitz">Horowitz, Joseph</a> (10 February 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/10/arts/music-czech-composer-american-hero.html">"Music; Czech Composer, American Hero"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved 3 November 2007. <q>In 1991, the New York City Council was petitioned by Beth Israel Hospital to permit the demolition of a small row house at 327 East 17th Street, once the home of Antonín Dvořák.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Music%3B+Czech+Composer%2C+American+Hero&rft.date=2002-02-10&rft.aulast=Horowitz&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F02%2F10%2Farts%2Fmusic-czech-composer-american-hero.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/07/nyregion/dvorak-s-homecoming-with-music.html">"Dvorak's Homecoming, With Music"</a>, The New York Times (editorial), 7 September 1997</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dvorak%27s+Homecoming%2C+With+Music&rft.date=1997-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1997%2F09%2F07%2Fnyregion%2Fdvorak-s-homecoming-with-music.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> (concerning when the house was removed). </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/23/opinion/topics-of-the-times-the-new-world-at-city-hall.html">"Topics of the Times, The New World at City Hall"</a>, The New York Times (editorial), 23 June 1991</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Topics+of+the+Times%2C+The+New+World+at+City+Hall&rft.date=1991-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F06%2F23%2Fopinion%2Ftopics-of-the-times-the-new-world-at-city-hall.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> (concerning the circumstances under which the house was removed). </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200526135947/https://www.brc.org/locations">"BRC Homeless Safe Haven"</a>. 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Karel Knittl." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonolka2004109-109"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonolka2004109_109-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHonolka2004">Honolka 2004</a>, p. 109. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960603-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960603_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960603_110-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, p. 603. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZemanová2002112-111"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZemanová2002112_111-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZemanová2002">Zemanová 2002</a>, p. 112. </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRaeburn1990">Raeburn 1990</a>, p. 257 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960604-113"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghauser1960604_113-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960</a>, p. 604. </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, Appendix I pp. 179–80, by Dr. John Stephens </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchönzeler1984194-116"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchönzeler1984194_116-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSchönzeler1984">Schönzeler 1984</a>, p. 194. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b172–73-117"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b172–73_117-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, pp. 172–73. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b31-118"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b31_118-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 31. </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://digital.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=cent;cc=cent;rgn=full%20text;idno=cent0048-3;didno=cent0048-3;view=image;seq=0351;node=cent0048-3%3A5">[1]</a> (from The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine, Vol. XLVIII, No. 3 (July 1894), pp. 341–46). </li> <li id="cite_note-naxos-120">^ <a href="#cite_ref-naxos_120-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-naxos_120-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220114221633/https://www.naxos.com/mainsite/blurbs_reviews.asp?item_code=8.550269&catNum=550269&filetype=About%20this%20Recording&language=English">"About this Recording"</a>. naxos.com. 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Retrieved 14 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=naxos.com&rft.atitle=About+this+Recording&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.naxos.com%2Fmainsite%2Fblurbs_reviews.asp%3Fitem_code%3D8.550269%26catNum%3D550269%26filetype%3DAbout%2520this%2520Recording%26language%3DEnglish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurghauser1960">Burghauser 1960, 1966, 1996</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1980778-124">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1980778_124-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1980778_124-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1980778_124-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1980">Clapham 1980</a>, p. 778. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b74-130"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClapham1979b74_130-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979b">Clapham 1979b</a>, p. 74. </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTovey1936" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Tovey" title="Donald Tovey">Tovey, Donald F.</a> (1936). Essays in Musical Analysis. Vol. Two. London: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essays+in+Musical+Analysis&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1936&rft.aulast=Tovey&rft.aufirst=Donald+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dvoraknyc.org/african-american-influences/">"African American Influences"</a>. 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English language version of a Czech site including details of all Dvořák's works. </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClapham1979a">Clapham 1969</a>, p. 163. </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTibbetts1993" class="citation book cs1">Tibbetts, John (1993). Dvořák in America. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press. pp. 157–158. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-931340-56-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-931340-56-X"><bdi>0-931340-56-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k+in+America&rft.place=Portland%2C+Oregon&rft.pages=157-158&rft.pub=Amadeus+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-931340-56-X&rft.aulast=Tibbetts&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTibbetts1993" class="citation book cs1">Tibbetts, John (1993). Dvořák in America. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press. pp. 239–241. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-931340-56-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-931340-56-X"><bdi>0-931340-56-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k+in+America&rft.place=Portland%2C+Oregon&rft.pages=239-241&rft.pub=Amadeus+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-931340-56-X&rft.aulast=Tibbetts&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003370-174"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003370_174-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSmaczny2003">Smaczny 2003</a>, p. 370. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003370–71-175"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003370–71_175-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSmaczny2003">Smaczny 2003</a>, pp. 370–71. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003378–80-176"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003378–80_176-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSmaczny2003">Smaczny 2003</a>, pp. 378–80. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003380-177"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmaczny2003380_177-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSmaczny2003">Smaczny 2003</a>, p. 380. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckerman2003-178"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckerman2003_178-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBeckerman2003">Beckerman 2003</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> Clapham 1966, p. 294. </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> Burghauser 1960 or later ed., B. 185 </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> Clapham 1966, p. 137 </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2020" class="citation book cs1">Brown, Kellie D. (2020). The sound of hope: Music as solace, resistance and salvation during the holocaust and world war II. McFarland. pp. 258–259.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+sound+of+hope%3A+Music+as+solace%2C+resistance+and+salvation+during+the+holocaust+and+world+war+II&rft.pages=258-259&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Kellie+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csfd.cz/film/9340-koncert-na-konci-leta/komentare/">"Koncert na konci léta (1979)"</a>. Czech and Slovak Film Database (in Czech). Retrieved 9 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Czech+and+Slovak+Film+Database&rft.atitle=Koncert+na+konci+l%C3%A9ta+%281979%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csfd.cz%2Ffilm%2F9340-koncert-na-konci-leta%2Fkomentare%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Americké_dopisy_(TV_film)_(2015)-184"><a href="#cite_ref-Americké_dopisy_(TV_film)_(2015)_184-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csfd.cz/film/371074-americke-dopisy/galerie/?type=1">"Americké dopisy (TV film) (2015)"</a>. Czech and Slovak Film Database (in Czech). Retrieved 9 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Czech+and+Slovak+Film+Database&rft.atitle=Americk%C3%A9+dopisy+%28TV+film%29+%282015%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csfd.cz%2Ffilm%2F371074-americke-dopisy%2Fgalerie%2F%3Ftype%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"(2055) Dvořák". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer. 2003. p. 166. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-540-29925-7_2056">10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2056</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-540-29925-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-540-29925-7"><bdi>978-3-540-29925-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%282055%29+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Minor+Planet+Names&rft.pages=166&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-540-29925-7_2056&rft.isbn=978-3-540-29925-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagoparkdistrict.com/parks-facilities/dvorak-anton-park">"Dvorak (Anton) Park"</a>. Chicago Park District. Retrieved 11 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Park+District&rft.atitle=Dvorak+%28Anton%29+Park&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagoparkdistrict.com%2Fparks-facilities%2Fdvorak-anton-park&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckerman2003" class="citation book cs1">Beckerman, Michael B. (2003). New Worlds of Dvořák: Searching in America for the Composer's Inner Life. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-04706-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-04706-6"><bdi>978-0-393-04706-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Worlds+of+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%3A+Searching+in+America+for+the+Composer%27s+Inner+Life&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+%26+Co&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-393-04706-6&rft.aulast=Beckerman&rft.aufirst=Michael+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckerman1992" class="citation journal cs1">Beckerman, Michael (1 December 1992). "Henry Krehbiel, Antonín Dvořák, and the Symphony 'From the New World'". Notes. 49 (2): 447–73. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F897884">10.2307/897884</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/897884">897884</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Notes&rft.atitle=Henry+Krehbiel%2C+Anton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%2C+and+the+Symphony+%27From+the+New+World%27&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=447-73&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F897884&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F897884%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Beckerman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2003a" class="citation book cs1">Brown, A. Peter (2003a). The Second Golden Age of the Viennese Symphony: Brahms, Bruckner, Dvořák, Mahler, and Selected Contemporaries. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Second+Golden+Age+of+the+Viennese+Symphony%3A+Brahms%2C+Bruckner%2C+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%2C+Mahler%2C+and+Selected+Contemporaries&rft.place=Bloomington&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=A.+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2003b" class="citation book cs1">Brown, A. Peter (2003b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vRI_PGC_IBEC&pg=PA411">"Part 1"</a>. The Symphonic Repertoire. Vol. 3. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. pp. 410–36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-33488-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-33488-6"><bdi>978-0-253-33488-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Part+1&rft.btitle=The+Symphonic+Repertoire&rft.place=Bloomington&rft.pages=410-36&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-253-33488-6&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=A.+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvRI_PGC_IBEC%26pg%3DPA411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurghauser2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Burghauser, Jarmil (2006). Antonín Dvořák (in Czech). Prague: Bärenreiter Supraphon; Koniasch Latin Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-80-86791-26-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-80-86791-26-5"><bdi>978-80-86791-26-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&rft.place=Prague&rft.pub=B%C3%A4renreiter+Supraphon%3B+Koniasch+Latin+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-80-86791-26-5&rft.aulast=Burghauser&rft.aufirst=Jarmil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurghauser1960" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">——— (1960) [Export Artia 1960, Bārenreiter Supraphon 1966, 1996]. Antonin Dvořák Thematický Katalog [Thematic Catalogue] (in Czech). Prague: Bārenreiter Supraphon.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Antonin+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k+Thematick%C3%BD+Katalog&rft.place=Prague&rft.pub=B%C4%81renreiter+Supraphon&rft.date=1960&rft.aulast=Burghauser&rft.aufirst=Jarmil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988">, notes in German and English. Bibliography co-edited by Dr. John Clapham and Dr. W. Pfannkuch, and a Survey of Life and Work. If there is a reference to one edition and the reader has access only to another edition, the catalogue numbers such as B.178 for the New World Symphony will be more useful than page numbers. In the chronology of Dvořák's life, one may search by year (and date) rather than page number.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClapham1979a" class="citation book cs1">Clapham, John (1979a). Antonín Dvořák, Musician and Craftsman. London: Newton Abbot (England), David & Charles. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7153-7790-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7153-7790-1"><bdi>978-0-7153-7790-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%2C+Musician+and+Craftsman&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Newton+Abbot+%28England%29%2C+David+%26+Charles&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-7153-7790-1&rft.aulast=Clapham&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"> (St. Martin's Press or Faber & Faber 1966, MacMillan reprint <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-23111-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-23111-1">978-0-333-23111-1</a> or St. Martin's, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-04515-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-04515-9">978-0-312-04515-9</a>, 1969)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClapham1979b" class="citation cs2">——— (1979b), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dvorak00clap">Dvořák</a>, New York: W. W. Norton, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-01204-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-01204-0"><bdi>978-0-393-01204-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-393-01204-0&rft.aulast=Clapham&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdvorak00clap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClapham1980" class="citation cs2">——— (1980), "Dvořák, Antonín (Leopold)", in Sadie, Stanley (ed.), <a href="/wiki/New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians" class="mw-redirect" title="New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians">The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians</a>, vol. 5, London: MacMillan, pp. 765–92, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-23111-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-23111-1"><bdi>978-0-333-23111-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%2C+Anton%C3%ADn+%28Leopold%29&rft.btitle=The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Music+and+Musicians&rft.place=London&rft.pages=765-92&rft.pub=MacMillan&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-333-23111-1&rft.aulast=Clapham&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988">.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGál1971" class="citation book cs1">Gál, Hans (1971). Johannes Brahms: His Work and Personality. Translated by Joseph Stein. New York: Knopf.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Johannes+Brahms%3A+His+Work+and+Personality&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=1971&rft.aulast=G%C3%A1l&rft.aufirst=Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHughes1967" class="citation book cs1">Hughes, Gervase (1967). Dvorak: His Life and Music. London: Cassell.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvorak%3A+His+Life+and+Music&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Cassell&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Gervase&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHonolka2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Honolka" title="Kurt Honolka">Honolka, Kurt</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200726082813/https://books.google.com/books?id=kAVSQlZr-i4C">Dvořák</a>. London: Haus Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904341-52-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904341-52-9"><bdi>978-1-904341-52-9</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kAVSQlZr-i4C">the original</a> on 26 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Haus+Publishing&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-904341-52-9&rft.aulast=Honolka&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkAVSQlZr-i4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLayton1978" class="citation book cs1">Layton, Robert (1978). Dvořák Symphonies and Concertos. Seattle: University of Washington Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k+Symphonies+and+Concertos&rft.place=Seattle&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=Layton&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaeburn1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Raeburn, Michael; Kendall, Alan, eds. (1990) [1989]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QMsiAQAAIAAJ">Heritage of Music</a>. Vol. III: The Nineteenth Century Legacy. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-505372-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-505372-2"><bdi>978-0-19-505372-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heritage+of+Music&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-19-505372-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQMsiAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchonberg1980" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Harold_C._Schonberg" title="Harold C. Schonberg">Schonberg, Harold C.</a> (1980). The Lives of the Great Composers (revised ed.). New York: W. W. Norton & Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lives+of+the+Great+Composers&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Schonberg&rft.aufirst=Harold+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchönzeler1984" class="citation book cs1">Schönzeler, Hans-Hubert (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dvorak0000scho">Dvořák</a>. London, New York: Marion Boyars Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7145-2575-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7145-2575-4"><bdi>978-0-7145-2575-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&rft.place=London%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Marion+Boyars+Publishers&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-7145-2575-4&rft.aulast=Sch%C3%B6nzeler&rft.aufirst=Hans-Hubert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdvorak0000scho&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Smaczny, Jan (1999), Dvořák: Cello Concerto, Cambridge University Press.</li> <li>Smaczny, Jan (2002), "Antonín Dvořák", in Oxford Companion to Music, ed. Alison Latham, Oxford University Press, 2002, pp. 391–92.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmaczny2003" class="citation book cs1">Smaczny, Jan (2003). "Grand Opera Amongst the Czechs". In Charlton, David (ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Grand Opera. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Companions_to_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Companions to Music">Cambridge Companions to Music</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366–82. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-64683-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-64683-3"><bdi>978-0-521-64683-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Grand+Opera+Amongst+the+Czechs&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Grand+Opera&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=Cambridge+Companions+to+Music&rft.pages=366-82&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-521-64683-3&rft.aulast=Smaczny&rft.aufirst=Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŠourek_et_al.1976" class="citation book cs1">Šourek, Otakar; Bartos, František; Hanuš, Jan; Berkovec, Jiři; Čubr, Anton; Pokorný, Antonín; Šolc, Karel, eds. (1976). Requiem [Score]. Antonín Dvořák (composer) (Supraphon ed.). Prague: Artia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Requiem+%5BScore%5D&rft.place=Prague&rft.edition=Supraphon&rft.pub=Artia&rft.date=1976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinberg1995" class="citation book cs1">Steinberg, Michael (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/symphonylistener00stei">The Symphony: A Listener's Guide</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-506177-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-506177-2"><bdi>978-0-19-506177-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Symphony%3A+A+Listener%27s+Guide&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-19-506177-2&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsymphonylistener00stei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaruskin2010" class="citation book cs1">Taruskin, Richard (2010). Music in the Nineteenth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-538483-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-538483-3"><bdi>978-0-19-538483-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Music+in+the+Nineteenth+Century&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-19-538483-3&rft.aulast=Taruskin&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTibbets1993" class="citation book cs1">Tibbets, John C., ed. (1993). Dvořák in America. Portland, OR: Amadeus Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-931340-56-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-931340-56-7"><bdi>978-0-931340-56-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k+in+America&rft.place=Portland%2C+OR&rft.pub=Amadeus+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-931340-56-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZemanová2002" class="citation book cs1">Zemanová, Mirka (2002). Janáček: A Composer's Life. Boston: Northeastern University Press. p. 112.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jan%C3%A1%C4%8Dek%3A+A+Composer%27s+Life&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=112&rft.pub=Northeastern+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Zemanov%C3%A1&rft.aufirst=Mirka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckerman1993" class="citation book cs1">Beckerman, Michael B. (1993). Dvořák and His World. Princeton: Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-03386-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-03386-0"><bdi>978-0-691-03386-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k+and+His+World&rft.place=Princeton&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-691-03386-0&rft.aulast=Beckerman&rft.aufirst=Michael+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButterworth1980" class="citation book cs1">Butterworth, Neil (1980). Dvořák, his life and times. Midas Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-859-36142-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-859-36142-2"><bdi>978-0-859-36142-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%2C+his+life+and+times&rft.pub=Midas+Books&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-859-36142-2&rft.aulast=Butterworth&rft.aufirst=Neil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFČernušák1963" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Černušák, Gracián; Štědroň, Bohumír; Nováček, Zdenko, eds. (1963). Československý hudební slovník I. A-L (in Czech). Prague: Státní hudební vydavatelství.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C4%8Ceskoslovensk%C3%BD+hudebn%C3%AD+slovn%C3%ADk+I.+A-L&rft.place=Prague&rft.pub=St%C3%A1tn%C3%AD+hudebn%C3%AD+vydavatelstv%C3%AD&rft.date=1963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDvořák2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dvořák, Antonín (2009). Biblické písně (in Czech, German, English, and French). Šourek, Otakar (preface). Prague: Editio Bärenreiter. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-80-7058-008-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-80-7058-008-0"><bdi>978-80-7058-008-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biblick%C3%A9+p%C3%ADsn%C4%9B&rft.place=Prague&rft.pub=Editio+B%C3%A4renreiter&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-80-7058-008-0&rft.aulast=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&rft.aufirst=Anton%C3%ADn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoepp1913" class="citation book cs1">Goepp, Philip Henry (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/symphoniesandth00goepgoog">Symphonies and Their Meaning</a>. Third Series: Modern Symphonies. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/symphoniesandth00goepgoog/page/n204">195</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Symphonies+and+Their+Meaning&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.series=Third+Series%3A+Modern+Symphonies&rft.pages=195&rft.pub=J.+B.+Lippincott+Co&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Goepp&rft.aufirst=Philip+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsymphoniesandth00goepgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorowitz2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Horowitz" title="Joseph Horowitz">Horowitz, Joseph</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dvorkinamericain00horo">Dvořák in America: In Search of the New World</a>. Cricket Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-812-62681-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-812-62681-0"><bdi>978-0-812-62681-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k+in+America%3A+In+Search+of+the+New+World&rft.pub=Cricket+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-812-62681-0&rft.aulast=Horowitz&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdvorkinamericain00horo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHurwitz2005" class="citation book cs1">Hurwitz, David (2005). Dvořák: Romantic Music's Most Versatile Genius. Unlocking the Masters. Milwaukee: Amadeus Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-574-67107-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-574-67107-0"><bdi>978-1-574-67107-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k%3A+Romantic+Music%27s+Most+Versatile+Genius&rft.place=Milwaukee&rft.series=Unlocking+the+Masters&rft.pub=Amadeus+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-574-67107-0&rft.aulast=Hurwitz&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeress2004" class="citation book cs1">Peress, Maurice (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dvoraktodukeelli00pere">Dvorák to Duke Ellington: A Conductor Explores America's Music and Its African American Roots</a>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-509822-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-509822-8"><bdi>978-0-19-509822-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dvor%C3%A1k+to+Duke+Ellington%3A+A+Conductor+Explores+America%27s+Music+and+Its+African+American+Roots&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-19-509822-8&rft.aulast=Peress&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdvoraktodukeelli00pere&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoell1991" class="citation book cs1">Yoell, Jćohn H. (1991). Antonín Dvořák on Records. New York: Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-27367-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-27367-4"><bdi>978-0-313-27367-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k+on+Records&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-313-27367-4&rft.aulast=Yoell&rft.aufirst=J%C4%87ohn+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media 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site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20Antonín%20Leopold%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20Antonín%20L%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20A%2E%20L%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Antonín%20Leopold%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Antonín%20L%2E%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22A%2E%20L%2E%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20Antonín%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Antonín%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Antonín%20Leopold%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Antonín%20L%2E%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22A%2E%20L%2E%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22A%2E%20Leopold%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20Antonín%20Leopold%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20Antonín%20L%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20A%2E%20L%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20A%2E%20Leopold%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Antonín%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20Antonín%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Antonín%20Leopold%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Antonín%20L%2E%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20title%3A%22A%2E%20L%2E%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Antonín%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Antonín%20Leopold%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Antonín%20L%2E%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20description%3A%22A%2E%20L%2E%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20Antonín%20Leopold%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20Antonín%20L%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Antonín%20Dvořák%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Dvořák%2C%20Antonín%22%20OR%20%28Anton%2An%20Dvo%2A%2Ak%29%29%20OR%20%28%221841-1904%22%20AND%20%28%22Dvořák%22%20OR%20Dvorak%29%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Antonín Dvořák</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bbc.co.uk/dvorak">"Discovering Dvořák"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_3" title="BBC Radio 3">BBC Radio 3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discovering+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k&rft.pub=BBC+Radio+3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbbc.co.uk%2Fdvorak&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton%C3%ADn+Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=Dvorak%20AND%20mediatype:audio">Antonín Dvořák</a> Recordings at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Antonin-Dvorak">Antonín Dvořák, Bohemian composer</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nm.cz/ceske-muzeum-hudby/muzeum-antonina-dvoraka#zveme-vas">Antonín Dvořák Museum website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mad.opac.nm.cz/#!/">Online catalogue of the Antonín Dvořák Museum collection</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://antonindvorak.nm.cz/en/">Antonín Dvořák's correspondence database</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Template:Antonín Dvořák"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Template talk:Antonín Dvořák"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Antonín Dvořák"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Antonín_Dvořák" class="fn" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Antonín Dvořák</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák">List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_by_genre" title="List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák by genre">(by genre)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Alfred (Dvořák)">Alfred</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_and_Charcoal_Burner" title="King and Charcoal Burner">King and Charcoal Burner</a> (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Stubborn_Lovers" title="The Stubborn Lovers">The Stubborn Lovers</a> (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanda_(opera)" title="Vanda (opera)">Vanda</a> (1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cunning_Peasant" title="The Cunning Peasant">The Cunning Peasant</a> (1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrij_(opera)" title="Dimitrij (opera)">Dimitrij</a> (1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jacobin" title="The Jacobin">The Jacobin</a> (1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Devil_and_Kate" title="The Devil and Kate">The Devil and Kate</a> (1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusalka_(opera)" title="Rusalka (opera)">Rusalka</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armida_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Armida (Dvořák)">Armida</a> (1904)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orchestral music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symphonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 1 (Dvořák)">No. 1 in C minor</a> (The Bells of Zlonice)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 2 (Dvořák)">No. 2 in B♭ major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._3_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 3 (Dvořák)">No. 3 in E♭ major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._4_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 4 (Dvořák)">No. 4 in D minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._5_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 5 (Dvořák)">No. 5 in F major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._6_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 6 (Dvořák)">No. 6 in D major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._7_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 7 (Dvořák)">No. 7 in D minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._8_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 8 (Dvořák)">No. 8 in G major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)">No. 9 in E minor</a> (From the New World)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Hero%27s_Song" title="A Hero's Song">A Hero's Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnival_Overture_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Carnival Overture (Dvořák)">Carnival Overture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Suite_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Czech Suite (Dvořák)">Czech Suite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scherzo_capriccioso_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Scherzo capriccioso (Dvořák)">Scherzo capriccioso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussite_Overture" title="Hussite Overture">Hussite Overture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_Nature%27s_Realm_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="In Nature's Realm (Dvořák)">In Nature's Realm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legends_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Legends (Dvořák)">Legends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Home_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="My Home (Dvořák)">My Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturne_in_B_major_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Nocturne in B major (Dvořák)">Nocturne in B major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Othello (Dvořák)">Othello Overture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serenade_for_Strings_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Serenade for Strings (Dvořák)">Serenade for Strings in E major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavonic_Dances" title="Slavonic Dances">Slavonic Dances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Suite" title="American Suite">Suite in A major (American)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_Variations_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Symphonic Variations (Dvořák)">Symphonic Variations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Spinning_Wheel_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="The Golden Spinning Wheel (Dvořák)">The Golden Spinning Wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Noon_Witch" title="The Noon Witch">The Noon Witch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Water_Goblin" title="The Water Goblin">The Water Goblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Dove" title="The Wild Dove">The Wild Dove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragic_Overture_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Tragic Overture (Dvořák)">Tragic Overture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concertos</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cello_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Cello Concerto (Dvořák)">Cello Concerto in B minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cello_Concerto_in_A_major_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Cello Concerto in A major (Dvořák)">Cello Concerto in A major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Concerto (Dvořák)">Piano Concerto in G minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violin_Concerto_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Violin Concerto (Dvořák)">Violin Concerto in A minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_in_F_minor_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Romance in F minor (Dvořák)">Romance in F minor for violin and orchestra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vocal music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Duets" title="Moravian Duets">Moravian Duets</a></li> <li>Psalm 149</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Ludmila_(oratorio)" title="Saint Ludmila (oratorio)">Saint Ludmilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabat_Mater_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Stabat Mater (Dvořák)">Stabat Mater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Requiem (Dvořák)">Requiem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_in_D_major_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Mass in D major (Dvořák)">Mass in D major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Spectre%27s_Bride" title="The Spectre's Bride">The Spectre's Bride</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chamber music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">String quartets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 1 (Dvořák)">No. 1 in A major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 2 (Dvořák)">No. 2 in B♭ major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._3_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 3 (Dvořák)">No. 3 in D major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._4_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 4 (Dvořák)">No. 4 in E minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._5_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 5 (Dvořák)">No. 5 in F minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._6_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 6 (Dvořák)">No. 6 in A minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartet_movement_in_F_major_B.40a_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quartet movement in F major B.40a (Dvořák)">Andante appassionato in F major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._7_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 7 (Dvořák)">No. 7 in A minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._8_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 8 (Dvořák)">No. 8 in E major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._9_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 9 (Dvořák)">No. 9 in D minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._10_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 10 (Dvořák)">No. 10 in E♭ major (Slavonic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartet_Movement_in_F_major_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quartet Movement in F major (Dvořák)">String Quartet movement in F major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._11_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 11 (Dvořák)">No. 11 in C major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._12_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 12 (Dvořák)">No. 12 in F major (American)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._13_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 13 (Dvořák)">No. 13 in G major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._14_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quartet No. 14 (Dvořák)">No. 14 in A♭ major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypresses_quartet_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypresses quartet (Dvořák)">Cypresses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">String quintets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/String_Quintet_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quintet No. 1 (Dvořák)">No. 1 in A minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quintet_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quintet No. 2 (Dvořák)">No. 2 in G major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quintet_No._3_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Quintet No. 3 (Dvořák)">No. 3 in E♭ major (American)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Piano trios</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Trio_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Trio No. 1 (Dvořák)">No. 1 in B♭ major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Trio_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Trio No. 2 (Dvořák)">No. 2 in G minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Trio_No._3_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Trio No. 3 (Dvořák)">No. 3 in F minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Trio_No._4_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Trio No. 4 (Dvořák)">No. 4 in E minor (Dumky)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Piano quartets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Quartet_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Quartet No. 1 (Dvořák)">No. 1 in D major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Quartet_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Quartet No. 2 (Dvořák)">No. 2 in E♭ major</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Piano quintets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Quintet_No._1_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Quintet No. 1 (Dvořák)">No. 1 in A major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Quintet_No._2_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Piano Quintet No. 2 (Dvořák)">No. 2 in A major</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_Pieces_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Romantic Pieces (Dvořák)">Romantic Pieces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serenade_for_Wind_Instruments_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Serenade for Wind Instruments (Dvořák)">Serenade in D minor for Wind Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagatelles_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Bagatelles (Dvořák)">Bagatelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_Woods_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Silent Woods (Dvořák)">Silent Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violin_Sonata_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Violin Sonata (Dvořák)">Violin Sonata in F major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violin_Sonatina_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Violin Sonatina (Dvořák)">Sonatina in G major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Sextet_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="String Sextet (Dvořák)">String Sextet in A major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terzetto_in_C_major_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Terzetto in C major (Dvořák)">Terzetto in C major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballade_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Ballade (Dvořák)">Ballade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Piano music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humoresques_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Humoresques (Dvořák)">Humoresques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legends_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Legends (Dvořák)">Legends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavonic_Dances" title="Slavonic Dances">Slavonic Dances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Suite" title="American Suite">Suite in A major (American)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dvorak_(crater)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvorak (crater)">Dvorak (crater)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_Theatre" title="Antonín Dvořák Theatre">Antonín Dvořák Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k_Museum" title="Antonín Dvořák Museum">Antonín Dvořák Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvorak_-_In_Love%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvorak - In Love?">Dvorak - In Love?</a> (1988 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Category:Antonín Dvořák">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Romantic_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romantic_music" title="Template:Romantic music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romantic_music" title="Template talk:Romantic music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romantic_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romantic music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romantic_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_music" title="Romantic music">Romantic music</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romantic_composers" title="List of Romantic composers">List of Romantic composers</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Composers and musicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Valentin_Alkan" title="Charles-Valentin Alkan">Alkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Arensky" title="Anton Arensky">Arensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Atterberg" title="Kurt Atterberg">Atterberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Auber" title="Daniel Auber">Auber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Balakirev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Bazzini" title="Antonio Bazzini">Bazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Beach" title="Amy Beach">Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sterndale_Bennett" title="William Sterndale Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Auguste_de_B%C3%A9riot" title="Charles Auguste de Bériot">Bériot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bertin" title="Louise Bertin">Bertin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Berwald" title="Franz Berwald">Berwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bizet" title="Georges Bizet">Bizet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borodin" title="Alexander Borodin">Borodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bortkiewicz" title="Sergei Bortkiewicz">Bortkiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Bruch" title="Max Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Bruckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Busoni" title="Ferruccio Busoni">Busoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Whitefield_Chadwick" title="George Whitefield Chadwick">Chadwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9cile_Chaminade" title="Cécile Chaminade">Chaminade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Chausson" title="Ernest Chausson">Chausson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Cherubini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Crusell" title="Bernhard Crusell">Crusell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Cui" title="César Cui">Cui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Czerny" title="Carl Czerny">Czerny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9licien_David" title="Félicien David">Félicien David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_David_(musician)" title="Ferdinand David (musician)">Ferdinand David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Delibes" title="Léo Delibes">Delibes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Delius" title="Frederick Delius">Delius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Denza" title="Luigi Denza">Denza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_d%27Indy" title="Vincent d'Indy">d'Indy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dvořák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Elgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Farrenc" title="Louise Farrenc">Farrenc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Fauré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Field_(composer)" title="John Field (composer)">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Foote" title="Arthur Foote">Foote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Foster" title="Stephen Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Franck" title="César Franck">Franck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Franz" title="Robert Franz">Franz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Giuliani" title="Mauro Giuliani">Giuliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Glazunov" title="Alexander Glazunov">Glazunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Glinka" title="Mikhail Glinka">Glinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Carlos_Gomes" title="Antônio Carlos Gomes">Gomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Melchor_Gomis" title="José Melchor Gomis">J. Gomis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gounod" title="Charles Gounod">Gounod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gretchaninov" title="Alexander Gretchaninov">Gretchaninov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Grieg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Herbert" title="Victor Herbert">Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_H%C3%A9rold" title="Ferdinand Hérold">Hérold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Holst" title="Gustav Holst">Holst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Hummel" title="Johann Nepomuk Hummel">Hummel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joachim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Joplin" title="Scott Joplin">Joplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Kalivoda" title="Jan Kalivoda">Kalivoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kalkbrenner" title="Friedrich Kalkbrenner">Kalkbrenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Kreisler" title="Fritz Kreisler">Kreisler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kuhlau" title="Friedrich Kuhlau">Kuhlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toivo_Kuula" title="Toivo Kuula">Kuula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Lachner" title="Franz Lachner">Lachner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Lalo" title="Édouard Lalo">Lalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruggero_Leoncavallo" title="Ruggero Leoncavallo">Leoncavallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Loewe" title="Carl Loewe">Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Lumbye" title="Hans Christian Lumbye">Lumbye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Lysenko" title="Mykola Lysenko">Lysenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_MacDowell" title="Edward MacDowell">MacDowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leevi_Madetoja" title="Leevi Madetoja">Madetoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Mahler" title="Gustav Mahler">Mahler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Marschner" title="Heinrich Marschner">Marschner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Masarnau_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Santiago Masarnau Fernández">Masarnau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Massenet" title="Jules Massenet">Massenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Medtner" title="Nikolai Medtner">Medtner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_M%C3%A9hul" title="Étienne Méhul">Méhul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Mendelssohn" title="Fanny Mendelssohn">Fanny Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante">Mercadante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9d%C3%A9e_M%C3%A9reaux" title="Amédée Méreaux">Méreaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Meyerbeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Moniuszko" title="Stanisław Moniuszko">Moniuszko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles">Moscheles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_Moszkowski" title="Moritz Moszkowski">Moszkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Mussorgsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Niedermeyer" title="Louis Niedermeyer">Niedermeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Nielsen" title="Carl Nielsen">Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Offenbach" title="Jacques Offenbach">Offenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Onslow_(composer)" title="George Onslow (composer)">Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pacini" title="Giovanni Pacini">Pacini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski" title="Ignacy Jan Paderewski">Paderewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Paganini" title="Niccolò Paganini">Paganini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Knowles_Paine" title="John Knowles Paine">Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Popper" title="David Popper">Popper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Prudent" title="Émile Prudent">Prudent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini" title="Giacomo Puccini">Puccini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Rachmaninoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Raff" title="Joachim Raff">Raff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Reicha" title="Anton Reicha">Reicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Reinecke" title="Carl Reinecke">Reinecke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottorino_Respighi" title="Ottorino Respighi">Respighi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Ries" title="Ferdinand Ries">Ries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Rimsky-Korsakov" title="Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov">Rimsky-Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Rode" title="Pierre Rode">Rode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Rubinstein" title="Anton Rubinstein">Rubinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Saint-Saëns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_de_Sarasate" title="Pablo de Sarasate">Sarasate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Schumann" title="Clara Schumann">C. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">R. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Scriabin" title="Alexander Scriabin">Scriabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Sibelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Smetana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Sor" title="Fernando Sor">Sor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Philip_Sousa" title="John Philip Sousa">Sousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Spohr" title="Louis Spohr">Spohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspare_Spontini" title="Gaspare Spontini">Spontini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss_I" title="Johann Strauss I">J. Strauss I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss_II" title="Johann Strauss II">J. Strauss II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">R. Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Taneyev" title="Sergei Taneyev">Taneyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_T%C3%A1rrega" title="Francisco Tárrega">Tárrega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismond_Thalberg" title="Sigismond Thalberg">Thalberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Tobias" title="Rudolf Tobias">Tobias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Vieuxtemps" title="Henri Vieuxtemps">Vieuxtemps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_V%C3%A1clav_Vo%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1ek" title="Jan Václav Voříšek">Voříšek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Wieniawski" title="Henryk Wieniawski">Wieniawski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Vaughan_Williams" title="Ralph Vaughan Williams">Vaughan Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Wolf" title="Hugo Wolf">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ysa%C3%BFe" title="Eugène Ysaÿe">Ysaÿe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Instrumentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_guitar" title="Romantic guitar">Romantic guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestra#Early_Romantic_orchestra" title="Orchestra">Romantic orchestra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballade_(classical_music)" title="Ballade (classical music)">Ballade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_piece" title="Character piece">Character piece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorale_prelude" title="Chorale prelude">Chorale prelude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermezzo" title="Intermezzo">Intermezzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lied" title="Lied">Lied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazurka" title="Mazurka">Mazurka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestral_song" title="Orchestral song">Orchestral song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_ballet" title="Romantic ballet">Romantic ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantische_Oper" title="Romantische Oper">Romantic opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_poem" title="Symphonic poem">Symphonic poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">Symphony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indianist_movement" title="Indianist movement">Indianist movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_nationalism" title="Musical nationalism">Musical nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_Musik" title="Neue Zeitschrift für Musik">Neue Zeitschrift für Musik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_German_School" title="New German School">New German School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-romanticism" title="Post-romanticism">Post-romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky_and_the_Belyayev_circle" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and the Belyayev circle">Tchaikovsky and the Belyayev circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky_and_The_Five" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and The Five">Tchaikovsky and The Five</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Romantics" title="War of the Romantics">War of the Romantics</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_practice_period" title="Common practice period">Common practice period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_chess" title="Romantic chess">Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_poetry" title="Romantic poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_science" title="Romanticism in science">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_nationalism" title="Musical nationalism">Musical nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Romantic nationalism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div style="float: left;"> ← <a href="/wiki/Template:Classical_period_(music)" title="Template:Classical period (music)">Classical music</a></div><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Modernism_(music)" title="Template:Modernism (music)">Modernist music</a> → </div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Romantic_music" title="Category:Romantic music">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Classical_music" title="Portal:Classical music">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Musical_nationalism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Musical_nationalism" title="Template:Musical nationalism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Musical_nationalism" title="Template talk:Musical nationalism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Musical_nationalism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Musical nationalism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Musical_nationalism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Musical_nationalism" title="Musical nationalism">Musical nationalism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Czech Republic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Bedřich Smetana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Antonín Dvořák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo%C5%A1_Jan%C3%A1%C4%8Dek" title="Leoš Janáček">Leoš Janáček</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohuslav_Martin%C5%AF" title="Bohuslav Martinů">Bohuslav Martinů</a></li></ul></li> <li>Denmark <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Gade" title="Niels Gade">Niels Gade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Nielsen" title="Carl Nielsen">Carl Nielsen</a></li></ul></li> <li>Estonia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Tobias" title="Rudolf Tobias">Rudolf Tobias</a></li></ul></li> <li>Finland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leevi_Madetoja" title="Leevi Madetoja">Leevi Madetoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Jean Sibelius</a></li></ul></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Camille Saint-Saëns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romain_Bussine" title="Romain Bussine">Romain Bussine</a></li></ul></li> <li>Germany <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Carl Maria von Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hungary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Béla Bartók</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zolt%C3%A1n_Kod%C3%A1ly" title="Zoltán Kodály">Zoltán Kodály</a></li></ul></li> <li>Italy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Giuseppe Verdi</a></li></ul></li> <li>Netherlands <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Zweers" title="Bernard Zweers">Bernard Zweers</a></li></ul></li> <li>Norway <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Edvard Grieg</a></li></ul></li> <li>Poland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Frédéric Chopin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Moniuszko" title="Stanisław Moniuszko">Stanisław Moniuszko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Wieniawski" title="Henryk Wieniawski">Henryk Wieniawski</a></li></ul></li> <li>Romania <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Enescu" title="George Enescu">George Enescu</a></li></ul></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Glinka" title="Mikhail Glinka">Mikhail Glinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dargomyzhsky" title="Alexander Dargomyzhsky">Alexander Dargomyzhsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Five_(composers)" title="The Five (composers)">The Five</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Mily Balakirev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Cui" title="César Cui">César Cui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Modest Mussorgsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Rimsky-Korsakov" title="Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov">Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borodin" title="Alexander Borodin">Alexander Borodin</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Slovakia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1n_Cikker" title="Ján Cikker">Ján Cikker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Moyzes" title="Alexander Moyzes">Alexander Moyzes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Sucho%C5%88" title="Eugen Suchoň">Eugen Suchoň</a></li></ul></li> <li>Spain <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Alb%C3%A9niz" title="Isaac Albéniz">Isaac Albéniz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Falla" title="Manuel de Falla">Manuel de Falla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Granados" title="Enrique Granados">Enrique Granados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Rodrigo" title="Joaquín Rodrigo">Joaquín Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Turina" title="Joaquín Turina">Joaquín Turina</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sweden <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hugo Alfvén">Hugo Alfvén</a></li></ul></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Parry" title="Joseph Parry">Joseph Parry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Edward Elgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Villiers_Stanford" title="Charles Villiers Stanford">Charles Villiers Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mackenzie_(composer)" title="Alexander Mackenzie (composer)">Alexander Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Vaughan_Williams" title="Ralph Vaughan Williams">Ralph Vaughan Williams</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Argentina <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Ginastera" title="Alberto Ginastera">Alberto Ginastera</a></li></ul></li> <li>Brazil <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Carlos_Gomes" title="Antônio Carlos Gomes">Antônio Carlos Gomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Mignone" title="Francisco Mignone">Francisco Mignone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heitor_Villa-Lobos" title="Heitor Villa-Lobos">Heitor Villa-Lobos</a></li></ul></li> <li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Vivier" title="Claude Vivier">Claude Vivier</a></li></ul></li> <li>Mexico <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Ponce" title="Manuel Ponce">Manuel Ponce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Carlos Chávez">Carlos Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Revueltas" title="Silvestre Revueltas">Silvestre Revueltas</a></li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cowell" title="Henry Cowell">Henry Cowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Parker" title="Horatio Parker">Horatio Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_MacDowell" title="Edward MacDowell">Edward MacDowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ives" title="Charles Ives">Charles Ives</a></li></ul></li></ul> 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href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11852836X">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81033190">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13893562g">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13893562g">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00438493">Japan</a></li><li>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/LO1V133807">Italy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35226149">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981000826&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/11852836X">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030222613">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6pz57bz">SNAC</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=23782">Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/26196">RISM</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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