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print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Special:EditPage/Niceto Alcalá-Zamora">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Niceto+Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora%22">"Niceto Alcalá-Zamora"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Niceto+Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Niceto+Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Niceto+Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Niceto+Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Niceto+Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2007</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p><b>Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres</b> (6 July 1877 – 18 February 1949) was a Spanish lawyer and politician who served, briefly, as the first prime minister of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Second Spanish Republic</a>, and then—from 1931 to 1936—as its president. </p><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Most_Excellent" title="The Most Excellent">The Most Excellent</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Niceto Alcalá-Zamora</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Isabella_the_Catholic" title="Order of Isabella the Catholic">OIC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Spanish_Republic" title="Order of the Spanish Republic">OSR</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Retrato_oficial_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Retrato_oficial_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora.png/220px-Retrato_oficial_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Retrato_oficial_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora.png/330px-Retrato_oficial_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Retrato_oficial_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora.png/440px-Retrato_oficial_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora.png 2x" data-file-width="2251" data-file-height="3268"></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Alcalá-Zamora in 1931</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_(Spain)" title="President of the Republic (Spain)">President of Spain</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>10 December 1931 – 7 April 1936</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a><br><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux">Alejandro Lerroux</a><br><a href="/wiki/Diego_Mart%C3%ADnez_Barrio" title="Diego Martínez Barrio">Diego Martínez Barrio</a><br><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Samper" title="Ricardo Samper">Ricardo Samper</a><br><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Chapaprieta" title="Joaquín Chapaprieta">Joaquín Chapaprieta</a><br><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Portela" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel Portela">Manuel Portela</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Serrano,_1st_Duke_of_la_Torre" title="Francisco Serrano, 1st Duke of la Torre">Francisco Serrano</a><br><small>(President of the Executive Power of the Republic, 1874)</small><br><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso XIII of Spain">Alfonso XIII</a><br><small>(King of Spain, 1931)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Prime Minister of Spain</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>14 April 1931 – 14 October 1931</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data">Himself</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Bautista_Aznar-Caba%C3%B1as" title="Juan Bautista Aznar-Cabañas">Juan Bautista Aznar-Cabañas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Spain)" title="Ministry of Defence (Spain)">Minister of War</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>7 December 1922 – 28 May 1923</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso XIII of Spain">Alfonso XIII</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Garc%C3%ADa_Prieto" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel García Prieto">Manuel García Prieto</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_S%C3%A1nchez_Guerra" class="mw-redirect" title="José Sánchez Guerra">José Sánchez Guerra</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_L%C3%B3pez_Mu%C3%B1oz" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio López Muñoz">Antonio López Muñoz</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Works_and_Transport_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Public Works and Transport (Spain)">Minister of Public Works</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>1 November 1917 – 21 March 1918</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso XIII of Spain">Alfonso XIII</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Garc%C3%ADa_Prieto" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel García Prieto">Manuel García Prieto</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_de_Marichalar_y_Monreal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis de Marichalar y Monreal (page does not exist)">Luis de Marichalar y Monreal</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_de_Marichalar_y_Monreal" class="extiw" title="es:Luis de Marichalar y Monreal">es</a>]</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francesc_Camb%C3%B3" title="Francesc Cambó">Francesc Cambó</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Seat <i>D</i> of the <a href="/wiki/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Academia Española">Real Academia Española</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>8 May 1932 – 18 February 1949</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Francos_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="José Francos Rodríguez">José Francos Rodríguez</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Melchor_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Almagro" title="Melchor Fernández Almagro">Melchor Fernández Almagro</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1877-07-06</span>)</span>6 July 1877<br><a href="/wiki/Priego_de_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Priego de Córdoba">Priego de Córdoba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Restoration_(Spain)" title="Restoration (Spain)">Spain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">18 February 1949<span style="display:none">(1949-02-18)</span> (aged 71)<br><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, Argentina</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Spain,_1880)" title="Liberal Party (Spain, 1880)">Liberal Party</a><br><span style="font-size:85%;">(1899–1923)</span><br><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a><br><span style="font-size:85%;">(1923–1931)</span><br><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Republican_Right" title="Liberal Republican Right">Liberal Republican Right</a><br><span style="font-size:85%;">(1931–1936)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Purificación Castillo Bidaburu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3 sons<br>3 daughters</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Granada" title="University of Granada">University of Granada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">Lawyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teacher" title="Teacher">teacher</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Isabella_the_Catholic" title="Order of Isabella the Catholic">Order of Isabella the Catholic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Firma_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Firma_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora.svg/128px-Firma_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Firma_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora.svg/192px-Firma_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Firma_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora.svg/256px-Firma_de_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="636" data-file-height="127"></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Early_life"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Early life</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Second_Republic"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Second Republic</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Final_years_and_death"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Final years and death</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Marriage_and_family"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Marriage and family</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Alcalá-Zamora was born on 6 July 1877 in <a href="/wiki/Priego_de_Cordoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Priego de Cordoba">Priego de Cordoba</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPayne20171_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPayne20171-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> son of Manuel Alcalá-Zamora y Caracuel and Francisca Torres y del Castillo. His mother died when Niceto was three years old.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPayne20171_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPayne20171-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">lawyer</a> by profession, from a very young age, he was active in the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Spain,_1880)" title="Liberal Party (Spain, 1880)">Liberal Party</a>. Chosen as a deputy, he quickly gained fame for his eloquent interventions in the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Deputies" title="Congress of Deputies">Congress of Deputies</a>, becoming Minister of Public Works in 1917 and of War in 1922, and it comprised part of the governments of concentration presided over by García Prieto. He was also Spain's representative in the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Second_Republic">Second Republic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Second Republic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Estandarte_Presidencial_NA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Estandarte_Presidencial_NA.svg/220px-Estandarte_Presidencial_NA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 220px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Estandarte_Presidencial_NA.svg/220px-Estandarte_Presidencial_NA.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="220" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Estandarte_Presidencial_NA.svg/330px-Estandarte_Presidencial_NA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Estandarte_Presidencial_NA.svg/440px-Estandarte_Presidencial_NA.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_flags#Others_Heads_of_State_Standards" title="List of Spanish flags">Presidential Standard</a> of Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1931–1936)</figcaption></figure> <p>Disappointed by the acceptance on the part of King <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII" title="Alfonso XIII">Alfonso XIII</a> of the <i><a href="/wiki/1923_Spanish_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1923 Spanish coup d'état">coup d'état</a></i> by General <a href="/wiki/Miguel_Primo_de_Rivera" title="Miguel Primo de Rivera">Miguel Primo de Rivera</a> on 13 September 1923, Alcalá-Zamora did not collaborate with the new regime. After the departure of the dictator in 1930, he declared himself a republican in a meeting that took place on 13 April in the Apolo Theatre of <a href="/wiki/Valencia_(city_in_Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Valencia (city in Spain)">Valencia</a>. He was one of the instigators of the <a href="/wiki/Pact_of_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="Pact of San Sebastián">Pact of San Sebastián</a>. The failure of the military uprising (<a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_Jaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolt of Jaca">Revolt of Jaca</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Aragon" title="Aragon">Aragon</a> the same year sent him to prison, as a member of the revolutionary committee, but he left jail after the municipal elections of 12 April 1931. In the elections, although the monarchist candidates won more <i>overall</i> votes than the republicans did, the republicans did so well in the provincial cities that Alfonso soon abandoned power. Without waiting for a fresh election, Alcalá Zamora put himself at the head of a revolutionary <a href="/wiki/Provisional_government" title="Provisional government">provisional government</a>, becoming the 122nd Prime Minister, which occupied the ministries in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> on 14 April and proclaimed the <a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Second Spanish Republic</a>. </p><p>Confirmed as Prime Minister in June, he resigned on 15 October, along with <a href="/wiki/Miguel_Maura" title="Miguel Maura">Miguel Maura</a>, the minister of the interior. Both men opposed the writing of Articles 24 and 26 of the new Constitution, which consecrated the separation of church and state and allowed the dissolution of the religious orders that were considered dangerous by the state. Alcalá-Zamora and Maura said that the articles injured their religious feelings as well as those of the Catholic electorates that they represented. </p><p>Nevertheless, on 10 December 1931, Alcalá-Zamora was elected president by 362 votes out of the 410 deputies present (the Chamber was composed of 446 deputies). </p><p>In 1933, he dissolved the <a href="/wiki/Cortes_Generales" title="Cortes Generales">Cortes</a> (parliament), which cost Alcalá-Zamora critical support on the part of the left. The subsequent elections of November 1933 gave victory to the right to which Alcalá-Zamora was very hostile, with constant institutional confrontations throughout its term in office. The party with the highest number of votes was the <a href="/wiki/Confederaci%C3%B3n_Espa%C3%B1ola_de_Derechas_Aut%C3%B3nomas" class="mw-redirect" title="Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas">Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas</a> (CEDA), but it did not have enough seats to govern on its own. Alcalá-Zamora refused to appoint the CEDA leader <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Gil-Robles_y_Qui%C3%B1ones" title="José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones">José María Gil-Robles</a> as prime minister and instead appointed <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux">Alejandro Lerroux</a>, who then cooperated with the CEDA. In October 1934, Gil-Robles obtained two ministerial portfolios for CEDA; the following March, he acquired three more but at first stopped short of trying to obtain the office of Prime Minister. In the end, he decided to try for that post. Alcala-Zamora dissolved the Cortes on 7 January 1936, specifically to avoid that outcome. </p><p>The dissolution triggered <a href="/wiki/1936_Spanish_general_election" title="1936 Spanish general election">new elections to the Cortes</a>. The left-wing <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_(Spain)" title="Popular Front (Spain)">Popular Front</a> won a narrow majority. The Left majority in the new Cortes then applied a constitutional loophole to oust Alcala-Zamora. The <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Constitution_of_1931" title="Spanish Constitution of 1931">Constitution</a> allowed the Cortes to remove the president from office after two early dissolutions, and while the first (1933) dissolution had been partially justified because of the fulfillment of the constitutional mission of the first legislature, the second one had been a simple bid to trigger early elections. Deeming such action "unjustified", the newly elected Cortes dismissed the President on 7 April 1936 and elected <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a> to the position. Azaña was detested by the right, and Zamora's removal was a watershed moment since many Spaniards gave up on parliamentary politics. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Final_years_and_death">Final years and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Final years and death" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>The beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> surprised Alcalá-Zamora, who was then on a trip to Scandinavia. He decided to stay away from Spain when he found out that militiamen of the Popular Front government had illegally entered his home, stolen his belongings and plundered his safe-deposit box in the <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> <a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A9dit_Lyonnais" title="Crédit Lyonnais">Crédit Lyonnais</a> bank, taking the manuscript of his memoirs. </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> began, Alcalá-Zamora was in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. The German occupation and the collaborationist attitude of the <a href="/wiki/Vichy_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Vichy government">Vichy government</a> made him leave France and go to <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> in January 1942. There, he lived on money derived from his books, articles and conferences. An offer was allegedly made to him that he would be left unmolested if he returned since one of his sons was married to a daughter of General <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Queipo_de_Llano" title="Gonzalo Queipo de Llano">Gonzalo Queipo de Llano</a>, one of the leaders of the uprising. If the offer ever occurred, it came to naught because he did not want to return to Spain under Franco. </p><p>Alcalá-Zamora died in <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a> in 1949. His body was returned to Spain in 1979 and was interred in Madrid's <a href="/wiki/Cementerio_de_la_Almudena" title="Cementerio de la Almudena">Cementerio de la Almudena</a>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Marriage_and_family">Marriage and family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Marriage and family" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_Arms_of_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="207" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="612"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 207px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_Arms_of_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres.svg.png" data-width="100" data-height="207" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_Arms_of_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_Arms_of_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres.svg/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Ancestral coat of arms</figcaption></figure> <p>He was married to María de la Purificación Castillo Bidaburu, and had children: </p> <ul><li>Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Castillo (1906–1985), married to Ernestina Queipo de Llano y Martí, the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Queipo_de_Llano" title="Gonzalo Queipo de Llano">Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Sierra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tordesillas" title="Tordesillas">Tordesillas</a>, 5 February 1875 – <a href="/wiki/Sevilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevilla">Sevilla</a>, 9 March 1951), 1st <a href="/wiki/Marquess" title="Marquess">Marquess</a> of Queipo de Llano, and wife (m. 4 October 1901) Genoveva Martí y Tovar, and had issue: <ul><li>José Alcalá-Zamora y Queipo de Llano, married to Aurora Horfelina Fernández y Mier (1 October 1942 – 29 May 2008), daughter of Vicente Isidro Fernández y Bascarán (14 February 1909 – 23 December 2003), 1st <a href="/wiki/Viscount" title="Viscount">Viscount</a> of <a href="/wiki/San_Claudio" title="San Claudio">San Claudio</a> and 1st <a href="/wiki/Lord" title="Lord">Lord</a> of <a href="/wiki/Olvera" title="Olvera">Olvera</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">Dukes</a> of <a href="/wiki/Castell%C3%B3n_de_la_Plana" title="Castellón de la Plana">Castellón de la Plana</a> and first cousin once removed of <a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_Mart%C3%ADnez-Bordi%C3%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Cristóbal Martínez-Bordiú">Cristóbal Martínez-Bordiú</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigadier General">Brigadier General</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Army" title="Spanish Army">Spanish Army</a>, and wife María Marcela Mier y López, and had issue: <ul><li>Gonzalo Alcalá-Zamora y Fernández-Mier</li> <li>Lucía Alcalá-Zamora y Fernández-Mier</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcelino_Valent%C3%ADn_Gamazo" title="Marcelino Valentín Gamazo">Marcelino Valentín Gamazo</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPayne20171-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPayne20171_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPayne20171_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPayne2017">Payne 2017</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPayne2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_G._Payne" title="Stanley G. Payne">Payne, Stanley G.</a> (2017). <i>Alcalá Zamora and the Failure of the Spanish Republic, 1931–1936</i>. Sussex Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78284-399-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78284-399-3"><bdi>978-1-78284-399-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alcal%C3%A1+Zamora+and+the+Failure+of+the+Spanish+Republic%2C+1931%E2%80%931936&rft.pub=Sussex+Academic+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-78284-399-3&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Stanley+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANiceto+Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">None, inaugural holder</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_la_Segunda_Rep%C3%BAblica_Espa%C3%B1ola_(bandera).svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Escudo_de_la_Segunda_Rep%C3%BAblica_Espa%C3%B1ola_%28bandera%29.svg/30px-Escudo_de_la_Segunda_Rep%C3%BAblica_Espa%C3%B1ola_%28bandera%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="29" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="962"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 29px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Escudo_de_la_Segunda_Rep%C3%BAblica_Espa%C3%B1ola_%28bandera%29.svg/30px-Escudo_de_la_Segunda_Rep%C3%BAblica_Espa%C3%B1ola_%28bandera%29.svg.png" data-width="30" data-height="29" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Escudo_de_la_Segunda_Rep%C3%BAblica_Espa%C3%B1ola_%28bandera%29.svg/45px-Escudo_de_la_Segunda_Rep%C3%BAblica_Espa%C3%B1ola_%28bandera%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Escudo_de_la_Segunda_Rep%C3%BAblica_Espa%C3%B1ola_%28bandera%29.svg/60px-Escudo_de_la_Segunda_Rep%C3%BAblica_Espa%C3%B1ola_%28bandera%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><br><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_(Spain)" title="President of the Republic (Spain)">President of the Republic</a> </b><br>1931–1936 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso XIII of Spain">Alfonso XIII</a><br>(as King of Spain)</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Spanish Head of State </b><br>1931–1936 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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data-user-name="Onel5969" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1731786933"> <span>Last edited on 16 November 2024, at 19:55</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88_%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="نيسيتو ألكالا زامورا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نيسيتو ألكالا زامورا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="নিথেতো আলকালা-থামোরা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নিথেতো আলকালা-থামোরা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0-%D1%96-%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Нісета Алькала Самора-і-Торэс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нісета Алькала Самора-і-Торэс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá Zamora – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Niceto Alcalá Zamora" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%AD%CF%84%CE%BF_%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC-%CE%98%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Νιθέτο Αλκαλά-Θαμόρα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νιθέτο Αλκαλά-Θαμόρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88_%D8%A2%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="نیکتو آلکالا زامورا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیکتو آلکالا زامورا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%84%B8%ED%86%A0_%EC%95%8C%EC%B9%BC%EB%9D%BC%EC%82%AC%EB%AA%A8%EB%9D%BC" title="니세토 알칼라사모라 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="니세토 알칼라사모라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcala_Zamora_y_Torres" title="Niceto Alcala Zamora y Torres – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Niceto Alcala Zamora y Torres" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora_y_Torres" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95_%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="ניסטו אלקלה סאמורה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניסטו אלקלה סאמורה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ნისეტო ალკალა სამორა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნისეტო ალკალა სამორა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="نيسيتو الكالا زامورا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيسيتو الكالا زامورا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá Zamora – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Niceto Alcalá Zamora" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nieto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Nieto Alcalá-Zamora – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Nieto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%B8-%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Алькала Самора-и-Торрес, Нисето – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Алькала Самора-и-Торрес, Нисето" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Нісето Алькалья Самора – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нісето Алькалья Самора" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1-Zamora" title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Niceto Alcalá-Zamora" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%A1%9E%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89-%E8%96%A9%E8%8E%AB%E6%8B%89" title="尼塞托·阿爾卡拉-薩莫拉 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="尼塞托·阿爾卡拉-薩莫拉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%A1%9E%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89-%E8%90%A8%E8%8E%AB%E6%8B%89" title="尼塞托·阿尔卡拉-萨莫拉 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="尼塞托·阿尔卡拉-萨莫拉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 16 November 2024, at 19:55<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a 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</div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-2x2p5","wgBackendResponseTime":199,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.764","walltime":"0.922","ppvisitednodes":{"value":12491,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":113582,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":13587,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":5,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":49831,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 827.969 1 -total"," 38.43% 318.223 1 Template:Infobox_officeholder"," 18.48% 153.006 17 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office"," 12.30% 101.817 1 Template:SpanishPrimeMinisters"," 10.80% 89.431 3 Template:Navbox"," 10.27% 85.009 1 Template:Short_description"," 9.28% 76.869 16 Template:Main_other"," 8.51% 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