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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Lerroux</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> García</i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p><b>Alejandro Lerroux García</b> (4 March 1864, in <a href="/wiki/La_Rambla,_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="La Rambla, Córdoba">La Rambla</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba_Province,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Córdoba Province, Spain">Córdoba</a> – 25 June 1949, in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Spain" title="Politics of Spain">Spanish politician</a> who was the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Radical_Republican_Party" title="Radical Republican Party">Radical Republican Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn081223717x_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn081223717x-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Prime Minister</a> three times from 1933 to 1935 and held several cabinet posts as well.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A highly charismatic politician, he was distinguished by his demagogical and populist political style. </p><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Alejandro Lerroux</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Alejandro_Lerroux_Garc%C3%ADa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Alejandro_Lerroux_Garc%C3%ADa.jpg/220px-Alejandro_Lerroux_Garc%C3%ADa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Alejandro_Lerroux_Garc%C3%ADa.jpg/330px-Alejandro_Lerroux_Garc%C3%ADa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Alejandro_Lerroux_Garc%C3%ADa.jpg/440px-Alejandro_Lerroux_Garc%C3%ADa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2548" data-file-height="3520"></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Prime Minister of Spain</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>12 September 1933 – 9 October 1933</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Niceto_Alcal%C3%A1_Zamora" class="mw-redirect" title="Niceto Alcalá Zamora">Niceto Alcalá Zamora</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diego_Mart%C3%ADnez_Barrio" title="Diego Martínez Barrio">Diego Martínez Barrio</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>16 December 1933 – 28 April 1934</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data">Niceto Alcalá Zamora</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diego_Mart%C3%ADnez_Barrio" title="Diego Martínez Barrio">Diego Martínez Barrio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Samper" title="Ricardo Samper">Ricardo Samper</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>4 October 1934 – 25 September 1935</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data">Niceto Alcalá-Zamora</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Samper" title="Ricardo Samper">Ricardo Samper</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Chapaprieta" title="Joaquín Chapaprieta">Joaquín Chapaprieta</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Deputies" title="Congress of Deputies">Congress of Deputies</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>8 December 1933 – 7 January 1936</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br>14 July 1931 – 9 October 1933</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Alejandro Lerroux García</div><br><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1864-03-04</span>)</span>4 March 1864<br><a href="/wiki/La_Rambla,_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="La Rambla, Córdoba">La Rambla, Córdoba</a>, Spain</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">25 June 1949<span style="display:none">(1949-06-25)</span> (aged 85)<br><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, Spain</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Radical_Republican_Party" title="Radical Republican Party">Radical Republican Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Teresa López</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Aurelio Lerroux <i>(adoptive)</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Alejandro Lerroux Rodríguez<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (father)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Lawyer</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Biography"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Biography</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Second_Republic"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Second Republic</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Lerroux&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>He was initiated as <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemason</a> around 1886 in Madrid's Vetonica lodge of the Grand Orient of Spain, but his activity was limited, among other reasons due to his disillusion with the prospects this membership offered to his immediate purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lerroux agitated as a young man in the ranks of the radical republicans, as a follower of <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Ruiz_Zorrilla" title="Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla">Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla</a>. He practised a demagogic and aggressive journalistic style in the diverse publications that he directed (<i>El País</i>, <i>El Progreso</i>, <i>El Intransigente</i> and <i>El Radical</i>). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1914-12-08,_El_Imparcial,_Tirando_piedras_al_tejado_de_vidrio,_Tovar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/1914-12-08%2C_El_Imparcial%2C_Tirando_piedras_al_tejado_de_vidrio%2C_Tovar.jpg/220px-1914-12-08%2C_El_Imparcial%2C_Tirando_piedras_al_tejado_de_vidrio%2C_Tovar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="818" data-file-height="612"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/1914-12-08%2C_El_Imparcial%2C_Tirando_piedras_al_tejado_de_vidrio%2C_Tovar.jpg/220px-1914-12-08%2C_El_Imparcial%2C_Tirando_piedras_al_tejado_de_vidrio%2C_Tovar.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/1914-12-08%2C_El_Imparcial%2C_Tirando_piedras_al_tejado_de_vidrio%2C_Tovar.jpg/330px-1914-12-08%2C_El_Imparcial%2C_Tirando_piedras_al_tejado_de_vidrio%2C_Tovar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/1914-12-08%2C_El_Imparcial%2C_Tirando_piedras_al_tejado_de_vidrio%2C_Tovar.jpg/440px-1914-12-08%2C_El_Imparcial%2C_Tirando_piedras_al_tejado_de_vidrio%2C_Tovar.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Lerroux, by <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Tovar_Siles" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel Tovar Siles">Tovar</a>, in <i><a href="/wiki/El_Imparcial_(1867%E2%80%931933)" title="El Imparcial (1867–1933)">El Imparcial</a></i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>From the 1890s onwards Lerroux radicalized his discourse.<sup id="cite_ref-smith_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His populist and <a href="/wiki/Anticlerical" class="mw-redirect" title="Anticlerical">anticlerical</a> speeches, as well as his intervention in diverse campaigns against the governments of the <a href="/wiki/Spain_under_the_Restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="Spain under the Restoration">Restoration</a>, made him very popular among workers in <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, who later constituted the base of a loyal electorate. A prominent <a href="/wiki/Anti-Catalanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Catalanism">anti-catalanist</a>, he became known as the "Emperor of the <a href="/wiki/Avinguda_del_Paral%C2%B7lel" title="Avinguda del Paral·lel">Paralelo</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-brenan_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brenan-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1898 and 1899, he organized through his newspapers a campaign for the judicial review of the <a href="/wiki/Montju%C3%AFc_trial" title="Montjuïc trial">Montjuic trial</a> in which forced confessions through torture had led to the execution of some of the suspects for the <a href="/wiki/1896_Barcelona_Corpus_Christi_procession_bombing" title="1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing">1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing</a>. This contributed to his rise as a <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">left-wing</a> political force in Barcelona.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1906, Lerroux rallied his followers with the following exhortation: "Young barbarians of today: enter and sack the decadent civilization of this unhappy country, destroy its temples, finish off its gods, tear the veil from its novices and raise them up to be mothers to virilize the species, break into the records of property and make bonfires of its papers that fire may purify the infamous social organization. Enter its humble hearths and raise the legions of proletarians that the world may tremble before their awakened judges. Do not be stopped by altars nor by tombs. Fight, kill, die."<sup id="cite_ref-brenan_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brenan-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was elected as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Deputies" title="Congress of Deputies">Congress of Deputies</a> for the first time in 1901 and again in 1903 and 1905, as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Union_Party_(Spain)" title="Republican Union Party (Spain)">Republican Union Party</a> that he had helped to form with <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Salmer%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolás Salmerón">Nicolás Salmerón</a>. The defection of Salmerón to the <a href="/wiki/Catalan_Solidarity_(1906)" title="Catalan Solidarity (1906)">Catalan Solidarity</a> coalition in 1906 led Lerroux to form the Radical Republican Party (1908) and headed the struggle against increasing <a href="/wiki/Catalan_nationalism" title="Catalan nationalism">Catalan nationalism</a>. There is some evidence that both <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ferrer" title="Francisco Ferrer">Francisco Ferrer</a> and Lerroux may have participated in the hatching of two different plots to assassinate king <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII" title="Alfonso XIII">Alfonso XIII</a> in 1905 and 1906.<sup id="cite_ref-smith_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had to go into exile on several occasions, first to escape condemnation dictated by one of his articles (1907) and later fleeing from governmental repression in response to the <a href="/wiki/Tragic_Week_(Catalonia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tragic Week (Catalonia)">Tragic Week</a> in Barcelona (1909). </p><p>After returning to Spain, Lerroux agreed to join the <a href="/wiki/Republican%E2%80%93Socialist_Conjunction" title="Republican–Socialist Conjunction">Republican–Socialist Conjunction</a>, and he was elected as a deputy again in 1910. Afterwards, he was involved in a series of scandals that moved him away from his Barcelona electorate, with corruption accusations forcing him into a change of district, appearing for Córdoba in 1914). From 1919 he was on the payroll of <a href="/wiki/Barcelona_Traction" title="Barcelona Traction">Barcelona Traction</a>, part of the Anglo-Canadian Traction, Light, and Power Company.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the dictatorship of <a href="/wiki/Miguel_Primo_de_Rivera" title="Miguel Primo de Rivera">Miguel Primo de Rivera</a> (1923–30), his party was debilitated when its left-wing, led by <a href="/wiki/Marcelino_Domingo" title="Marcelino Domingo">Marcelino Domingo</a>, left to form the <a href="/wiki/Radical_Socialist_Republican_Party" title="Radical Socialist Republican Party">Radical Socialist Republican Party</a> in 1929. However, he continued to be active in politics, attending the revolutionary committee that produced the <a href="/wiki/Pact_of_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="Pact of San Sebastián">Pact of San Sebastián</a> with the intention of overthrowing King <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso XIII of Spain">Alfonso XIII</a> and proclaiming a republic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_Republic">Second Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Lerroux&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Second Republic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Under the republican regime, Lerroux regained a leading political role, being appointed prime minister three times between and occupying the distinguished ministerial portfolios. </p><p>He was part of the coalition of leftists that supported the reforms of <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a>'s government during the first biennium (1931–1933), during which time he served as <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Spain)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Spain)">Minister of State</a> between 14 April 1931 and 16 December 1931. From 12 September to 9 October 1933, he was Prime Minister. </p><p>After the victory of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Confederation_of_the_Autonomous_Right" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right">Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right</a> (CEDA) in the elections of autumn 1933, Lerroux again became prime minister, mainly because the President did not wish to appoint CEDA leader <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Gil-Robles_y_Qui%C3%B1ones" title="José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones">José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones</a>. As such, he served from 16 December 1933 to 28 April 1934 and again from 4 October 1934 to 25 September 1935. He also served as minister of war (1934), state (1935) and foreign affairs (1935). </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_1934" title="Revolution of 1934">attempted revolution of October 1934</a>, he fell out of favor due to the <a href="/wiki/Straperlo" title="Straperlo">Straperlo</a> affair (a case of corruption bound to gambling legalization), which completely broke his alliance with the right and even weakened his position within the party.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed by the <a href="/wiki/Nombela_scandal" title="Nombela scandal">Nombela scandal</a>, where he participated actively by signing a contract paying a private company 3 million pesetas to perform a cancelled route, leading to his further discreditment.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the elections of 1936, Lerroux was not elected as a deputy. The same year, the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> broke out and he fled to <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>. He returned to Spain in 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-Langdon-Davies_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Langdon-Davies-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Lerroux&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_nationalism" title="Catalan nationalism">Catalan nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C2%A1Cu-Cut!" title="¡Cu-Cut!">¡Cu-Cut!</a> and <a href="/wiki/El_Be_Negre" title="El Be Negre">El Be Negre</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Lerroux&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLópez_Castillo2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">López Castillo, Antonio (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-eDgCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA389"><i>El republicanismo Almeriense durante la segunda república (1931-1936)</i></a> (in Spanish). Universidad de Almería. p. 389. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788482408675" title="Special:BookSources/9788482408675"><bdi>9788482408675</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+republicanismo+Almeriense+durante+la+segunda+rep%C3%BAblica+%281931-1936%29&rft.pages=389&rft.pub=Universidad+de+Almer%C3%ADa&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9788482408675&rft.aulast=L%C3%B3pez+Castillo&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-eDgCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isbn081223717x-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isbn081223717x_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowans,_Jon2003" class="citation book cs1">Cowans, Jon (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IcmrVmq0_-8C&dq=%22Alejandro+Lerroux%22&pg=PA103"><i>Modern Spain: a documentary history</i></a>. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 103. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8122-3717-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8122-3717-X"><bdi>0-8122-3717-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Spain%3A+a+documentary+history&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pages=103&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-8122-3717-X&rft.au=Cowans%2C+Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIcmrVmq0_-8C%26dq%3D%2522Alejandro%2BLerroux%2522%26pg%3DPA103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geneall.net/H/per_page.php?id=467652">Geneall, Alejandro Lerroux y García</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuerra_Gómez1996" class="citation book cs1">Guerra Gómez, Amparo (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SzMq3tWs8aIC&pg=PA273">"Alejandro Lerroux: La Masonería como oportunidad"</a>. <i>La masonería en la España del Siglo XX</i>. Vol. 1. Cuenca: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Castile-La_Mancha" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Castile-La Mancha">Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha</a> & <a href="/wiki/Cortes_of_Castile-La_Mancha" class="mw-redirect" title="Cortes of Castile-La Mancha">Cortes de Castilla-La Mancha</a>. p. 273. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-89492-41-7" title="Special:BookSources/84-89492-41-7"><bdi>84-89492-41-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Alejandro+Lerroux%3A+La+Masoner%C3%ADa+como+oportunidad&rft.btitle=La+masoner%C3%ADa+en+la+Espa%C3%B1a+del+Siglo+XX&rft.place=Cuenca&rft.pages=273&rft.pub=Universidad+de+Castilla-La+Mancha+%26+Cortes+de+Castilla-La+Mancha&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=84-89492-41-7&rft.aulast=Guerra+G%C3%B3mez&rft.aufirst=Amparo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSzMq3tWs8aIC%26pg%3DPA273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-smith-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-smith_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-smith_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2007" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Angel (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I-jeACxXPFIC"><i>Anarchism, Revolution, and Reaction: Catalan Labour and the Crisis of the Spanish State, 1898-1923</i></a>. New York & Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Berghahn_Books" title="Berghahn Books">Berghahn Books</a>. p. 163. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84545-176-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84545-176-9"><bdi>978-1-84545-176-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anarchism%2C+Revolution%2C+and+Reaction%3A+Catalan+Labour+and+the+Crisis+of+the+Spanish+State%2C+1898-1923&rft.place=New+York+%26+Oxford&rft.pages=163&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84545-176-9&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Angel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI-jeACxXPFIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brenan-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-brenan_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brenan_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrenan2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Brenan" title="Gerald Brenan">Brenan, Gerald</a> (2009) [1943]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p7vqPNB6locC&pg=PA30"><i>The Spanish Labyrinth: An Account of the Social and Political Background of the Spanish Civil War</i></a>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-39827-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-39827-5"><bdi>978-0-521-39827-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spanish+Labyrinth%3A+An+Account+of+the+Social+and+Political+Background+of+the+Spanish+Civil+War&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-521-39827-5&rft.aulast=Brenan&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp7vqPNB6locC%26pg%3DPA30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2007" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Angel (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/470992692"><i>Anarchism, revolution and reaction : catalan labor and the crisis of the spanish state, 1898-1923</i></a>. Berghahn Books. pp. 115–116. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84545-176-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84545-176-9"><bdi>978-1-84545-176-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/470992692">470992692</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anarchism%2C+revolution+and+reaction+%3A+catalan+labor+and+the+crisis+of+the+spanish+state%2C+1898-1923&rft.pages=115-116&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F470992692&rft.isbn=978-1-84545-176-9&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Angel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F470992692&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorts_i_Blay2009" class="citation book cs1">Corts i Blay, Ramon (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PCVtroqUKvkC&pg=PA214"><i>La Setmana Tràgica de 1909: l'Arxiu Secret Vaticà</i></a>. Barcelona: Publicacions de l'Abadia de Montserrat. p. 214. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-9883-144-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-9883-144-3"><bdi>978-84-9883-144-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Setmana+Tr%C3%A0gica+de+1909%3A+l%27Arxiu+Secret+Vatic%C3%A0&rft.place=Barcelona&rft.pages=214&rft.pub=Publicacions+de+l%27Abadia+de+Montserrat&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-84-9883-144-3&rft.aulast=Corts+i+Blay&rft.aufirst=Ramon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPCVtroqUKvkC%26pg%3DPA214&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRíos_Carratalá2011" class="citation book cs1">Ríos Carratalá, Juan Antonio (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lTQzAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA139"><i>Hojas volanderas: Periodistas y escritores en tiempos de República</i></a>. Publicaciones Universidad de Alicante & Editorial Renacimiento. pp. 138–139. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-8472-892-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-8472-892-4"><bdi>978-84-8472-892-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hojas+volanderas%3A+Periodistas+y+escritores+en+tiempos+de+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.pages=138-139&rft.pub=Publicaciones+Universidad+de+Alicante+%26+Editorial+Renacimiento&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-84-8472-892-4&rft.aulast=R%C3%ADos+Carratal%C3%A1&rft.aufirst=Juan+Antonio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlTQzAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Preston, Paul. <i>A People Betrayed.</i> William Collins. London. 2020. p.111</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas, Hugh. <i>The Spanish Civil War.</i> Penguin Books. London. 2003. p.140</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGil_Pecharromán1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Julio_Gil_Pecharrom%C3%A1n" title="Julio Gil Pecharromán">Gil Pecharromán, Julio</a> (1997). <i>La Segunda República. Esperanzas y frustraciones</i>. Madrid: Historia 16. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-7679-319-7" title="Special:BookSources/84-7679-319-7"><bdi>84-7679-319-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Segunda+Rep%C3%BAblica.+Esperanzas+y+frustraciones&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=Historia+16&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=84-7679-319-7&rft.aulast=Gil+Pecharrom%C3%A1n&rft.aufirst=Julio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Langdon-Davies-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Langdon-Davies_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangdon-Davies1936" class="citation book cs1">Langdon-Davies, John (1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ExpwlomPe6cC&dq=%22Alejandro+Lerroux%22+spain+1947&pg=PA5"><i>Behind the Spanish Barricades: Reports from the Spanish Civil War</i></a>. Reportage Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780955572944" title="Special:BookSources/9780955572944"><bdi>9780955572944</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Behind+the+Spanish+Barricades%3A+Reports+from+the+Spanish+Civil+War&rft.pub=Reportage+Press&rft.date=1936&rft.isbn=9780955572944&rft.aulast=Langdon-Davies&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DExpwlomPe6cC%26dq%3D%2522Alejandro%2BLerroux%2522%2Bspain%2B1947%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlejandro+Lerroux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Lerroux&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 34px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="34" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" class="extiw" title="q:Alejandro Lerroux">Alejandro Lerroux</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120625103222/http://www.publico.es/especial/republica-80-aniversario/protagonistas.php">"Público" - La II República Española en su 80 aniversario: Protagonistas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170919225501/http://pictures2.todocoleccion.net/tc/2013/01/09/35150744.jpg">Poster of the Radical Republican Party with Alejandro Lerroux</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cordobesesilustres.wikispaces.com/Alejandro+Lerroux">Illustrious Cordobese People</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200121050322/https://cordobesesilustres.wikispaces.com/Alejandro+Lerroux">Archived</a> 2020-01-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/011301">Newspaper clippings about Alejandro Lerroux</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81lvaro_Figueroa_y_Torres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Álvaro Figueroa y Torres (page does not exist)">Álvaro Figueroa y Torres</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Spain)">Minister of State</a> </b><br>1931 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Zulueta" title="Luis de Zulueta">Luis de Zulueta</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Prime Minister of Spain</a> </b><br>1933 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Diego_Mart%C3%ADnez_Barrio" title="Diego Martínez Barrio">Diego Martínez Barrio</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Diego_Mart%C3%ADnez_Barrio" title="Diego Martínez Barrio">Diego Martínez Barrio</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Prime Minister of Spain</a> </b><br>1933-1934 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Samper" title="Ricardo Samper">Ricardo Samper</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Samper" title="Ricardo Samper">Ricardo Samper</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Prime Minister of Spain</a> </b><br>1934-1935 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Chapaprieta_Torregrosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Joaquín Chapaprieta Torregrosa">Joaquín Chapaprieta Torregrosa</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Rocha_Garc%C3%ADa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan José Rocha García (page does not exist)">Juan José Rocha García</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Spain)">Minister of State</a> </b><br>1935 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%ADnez_de_Velasco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Martínez de Velasco (page does not exist)">José Martínez de Velasco</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Party created</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Radical_Republican_Party" title="Radical Republican Party">Radical Republican Party</a> </b><br>1908–1936 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Party dissolved</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Lerroux&oldid=1236246667">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Lerroux&oldid=1236246667</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Lerroux&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Buenovale" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1721755870"> <span>Last edited on 23 July 2024, at 17:31</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88_%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B3" title="أليخاندرو ليروكس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أليخاندرو ليروكس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Alejandro Lerroux García – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux García" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88_%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="آلخاندرو لروکس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلخاندرو لروکس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%B8_%D4%BC%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD" title="Ալեսանդրո Լերուս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալեսանդրո Լերուս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95_%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%95" title="אלחנדרו לרו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלחנדרו לרו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88_%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B3" title="اليخاندرو ليروكس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليخاندرو ليروكس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Леррус, Алехандро – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Леррус, Алехандро" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Алехандро Леррус – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Алехандро Леррус" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Lerroux" title="Alejandro Lerroux – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Alejandro Lerroux" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E6%9D%AD%E5%BE%B7%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%8B%92%E9%B2%81%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" title="亚历杭德罗·勒鲁克斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亚历杭德罗·勒鲁克斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 July 2024, at 17:31<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About 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