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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生平-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生平子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-捷克爱乐的争议" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#捷克爱乐的争议"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>捷克爱乐的争议</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-捷克爱乐的争议-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-其他指挥工作" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#其他指挥工作"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>其他指挥工作</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-其他指挥工作-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">格尔德·阿尔布雷希特</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。22种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA" title="جيرد ألبرشت – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيرد ألبرشت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA" title="جيرد البرشت – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيرد البرشت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht_(Dirigent)" title="Gerd Albrecht (Dirigent) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gerd Albrecht (Dirigent)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%98" title="גרד אלברכט – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרד אלברכט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%96%E3%83%AC%E3%83%92%E3%83%88" title="ゲルト・アルブレヒト – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゲルト・アルブレヒト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82,_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Альбрехт, Герд – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Альбрехт, Герд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd_Albrecht" title="Gerd Albrecht – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gerd Albrecht" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82" title="Ґерд Альбрехт – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ґерд Альбрехт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn">格尔德·阿尔布雷希特</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:GerdAlbrecht.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/GerdAlbrecht.jpg/220px-GerdAlbrecht.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/GerdAlbrecht.jpg/330px-GerdAlbrecht.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/GerdAlbrecht.jpg/440px-GerdAlbrecht.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1081" data-file-height="1132" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1935-07-19</span>)</span>1935年7月19日<br /><span class="birthplace">德国<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%A3%AE" title="埃森">埃森</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2014年2月2日<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">2014歲—02—02</span>)</span>（78歲）<br /><span class="deathplace">德国<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97" title="柏林">柏林</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">职业</th><td class="infobox-data role" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5%E5%AE%B6" title="指挥家">指挥家</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">网站</th><td class="infobox-data url" style=""><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gerd-albrecht.com">gerd-albrecht<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>格尔德·阿尔布雷希特</b>（德語：<span lang="de">Gerd Albrecht</span>，1935年7月19日 – 2014年2月2日），<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5%E5%AE%B6" title="指挥家">指挥家</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阿尔布雷希特生于<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%A3%AE" title="埃森">埃森</a>，是音乐学家汉斯-阿尔布雷希特（1902-1961）的儿子。<sup id="cite_ref-Fox_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fox-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>他曾在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%94" title="基尔">基尔</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E5%A0%A1" title="汉堡">汉堡</a>学习音乐，老师包括<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="威廉·布吕克纳-吕格贝格" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wilhelm Brückner-Rüggeberg"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E5%90%95%E5%85%8B%E7%BA%B3-%E5%90%95%E6%A0%BC%E8%B4%9D%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威廉·布吕克纳-吕格贝格（页面不存在）">威廉·布吕克纳-吕格贝格</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Br%C3%BCckner-R%C3%BCggeberg" class="extiw" title="en:Wilhelm Brückner-Rüggeberg"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wilhelm Brückner-Rüggeberg</span></a></span>）</span></span>。他在22岁时就获得了<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="贝桑松国际青年指挥家比赛" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International Besançon Competition for Young Conductors"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%9D%E6%A1%91%E6%9D%BE%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5%E5%AE%B6%E6%AF%94%E8%B5%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贝桑松国际青年指挥家比赛（页面不存在）">贝桑松国际青年指挥家比赛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Besan%C3%A7on_Competition_for_Young_Conductors" class="extiw" title="en:International Besançon Competition for Young Conductors"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International Besançon Competition for Young Conductors</span></a></span>）</span></span>的一等奖。他的第一个职位是<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="斯图加特州立歌剧院" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Staatsoper Stuttgart"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%8A%A0%E7%89%B9%E5%B7%9E%E7%AB%8B%E6%AD%8C%E5%89%A7%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯图加特州立歌剧院（页面不存在）">斯图加特州立歌剧院</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staatsoper_Stuttgart" class="extiw" title="en:Staatsoper Stuttgart"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Staatsoper Stuttgart</span></a></span>）</span></span>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%B0%E4%B9%90%E6%8C%87%E5%AF%BC" title="声乐指导">声乐指导</a>。后来，他成为美因茨国家剧院的高级乐长（德語：<span lang="de">Kapellmeister</span>），以及吕贝克的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%A3" title="音樂總監">音樂總監</a>（德語：<span lang="de">Generalmusikdirektor, GMD</span>）。他还在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E6%AD%8C%E5%8A%87%E9%99%A2" title="柏林德意志歌劇院">柏林德意志歌剧院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E9%BB%8E%E4%B8%96%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%8E%85%E7%AE%A1%E5%BC%A6%E4%B9%90%E5%9B%A2" title="苏黎世音乐厅管弦乐团">苏黎世音乐厅管弦乐团</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%A0%A1%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E6%AD%8C%E5%8A%87%E9%99%A2" title="漢堡國立歌劇院">漢堡國立歌劇院</a>担任过职务。 </p><p>他在当代歌剧方面的工作包括指挥<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿里贝特·赖曼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Aribert Reimann"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E8%B4%9D%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%B5%96%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿里贝特·赖曼（页面不存在）">阿里贝特·赖曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aribert_Reimann" class="extiw" title="en:Aribert Reimann"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Aribert Reimann</span></a></span>）</span></span>的《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="李尔 (歌剧)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lear (opera)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E5%B0%94_(%E6%AD%8C%E5%89%A7)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="李尔 (歌剧)（页面不存在）">李尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lear_(opera)" class="extiw" title="en:Lear (opera)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lear (opera)</span></a></span>）</span></span>》的世界首演和美国首演，以及制作该歌剧的第一张商业录音。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>他的其他商业录音包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%88%92%E6%9B%BC" title="罗伯特·舒曼">罗伯特·舒曼</a>的《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="格诺费娃" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Genoveva"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%B9%E5%A8%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="格诺费娃（页面不存在）">格诺费娃</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genoveva" class="extiw" title="en:Genoveva"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Genoveva</span></a></span>）</span></span>》和《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="曼弗雷德 (舒曼)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Manfred (Schumann)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%BC%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7_(%E8%88%92%E6%9B%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="曼弗雷德 (舒曼)（页面不存在）">曼弗雷德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manfred_(Schumann)" class="extiw" title="en:Manfred (Schumann)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Manfred (Schumann)</span></a></span>）</span></span>》，<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>以及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E7%AD%96" title="汉斯·维尔纳·亨策">汉斯·维尔纳·亨策</a>的《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="午后曳航 (亨策)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Das verratene Meer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%88%E5%90%8E%E6%9B%B3%E8%88%AA_(%E4%BA%A8%E7%AD%96)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="午后曳航 (亨策)（页面不存在）">午后曳航</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Das_verratene_Meer" class="extiw" title="en:Das verratene Meer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Das verratene Meer</span></a></span>）</span></span>》修订后的日文版的第一张商业录音。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>阿尔布雷希特于2014年2月2日在柏林去世，享年78岁。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="捷克爱乐的争议"><span id=".E6.8D.B7.E5.85.8B.E7.88.B1.E4.B9.90.E7.9A.84.E4.BA.89.E8.AE.AE"></span>捷克爱乐的争议</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：捷克爱乐的争议"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1991年，<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%88%B1%E4%B9%90%E4%B9%90%E5%9B%A2" title="捷克爱乐乐团">捷克爱乐乐团</a>的乐手们挑选了阿尔布雷希特担任首席指挥，他是第一位被任命为首席指挥的非捷克籍指挥，任期从1994年开始，计划持续7年。该乐团曾在抗议苏联对其国家的统治中发挥了作用，并重组为一个自治实体。音乐家对阿尔布雷希特的选择实际上意味着取代捷克指挥家<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E6%B4%9B%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B" title="吉里·贝洛拉维克">吉里·贝洛拉维克</a>，后者当时在1992年提前辞职。因此，当他上任时，乐团已经有些分裂。<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>事实证明，阿尔布雷希特有效地改善了捷克爱乐的财政状况，并通过国外巡演提升了乐团的国际形象。他在音乐上的成功也是公认的，他与乐团合作录制的唱片包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E8%88%92%E5%B0%94%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" title="埃尔文·舒尔霍夫">埃尔文·舒尔霍夫</a>的音乐。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>然而，一系列的政治冲突导致他提前辞职。<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1994年，捷克爱乐乐团应邀在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%92%82%E5%86%88" title="梵蒂冈">梵蒂冈</a>举办庆祝<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83" title="天主教會">罗马天主教徒</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="犹太人">犹太人</a>和解的音乐会。然而，邀请的是在美国指挥家<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="吉尔伯特·莱文" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gilbert Levine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉尔伯特·莱文（页面不存在）">吉尔伯特·莱文</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Levine" class="extiw" title="en:Gilbert Levine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gilbert Levine</span></a></span>）</span></span>的指挥下演出，他已经因与教皇<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A5%E6%9C%9B%E4%BF%9D%E7%A5%BF%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="若望保祿二世">若望保祿二世</a>时期的梵蒂冈关系密切而闻名，后来又因电视转播纪念大屠杀教皇音乐会而闻名。阿尔布雷希特否决了这一约定，表面上是因为乐团太忙，不过其他人猜测拒绝的实际原因是梵蒂冈没有邀请阿尔布雷希特。<sup id="cite_ref-Fox_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fox-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>捷克总统<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%8C%A8%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94" title="瓦茨拉夫·哈维尔">瓦茨拉夫·哈维尔</a>也参与其中，他告诉阿尔布雷希特，他的行为损害了乐团的利益。局势不断恶化，阿尔布雷希特在接受媒体采访时将自己描绘成<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="种族主义">种族主义</a>和反德情绪的受害者，并表示他被期望个人为德国过去的所有错误行为赎罪。他还声称自己的手机被窃听。哈维尔在媒体上用自己的说法进行了还击。1996年1月4日，阿尔布雷希特和贝洛拉维克合作举办了100周年纪念音乐会，各指挥一半，但哈维尔的缺席引人注目，当掌声响起时，乐团成员纷纷表示效忠。阿尔布雷希特在一个月后辞去了这一职务，声称自己的音乐权威受到了损害。 </p><p>阿尔布雷希特与捷克爱乐乐团一起，指挥了德沃夏克的歌剧《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="迪米特里 (歌剧)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dimitrij (opera)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%AA%E7%B1%B3%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C_(%E6%AD%8C%E5%89%A7)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迪米特里 (歌剧)（页面不存在）">迪米特里</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimitrij_(opera)" class="extiw" title="en:Dimitrij (opera)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dimitrij (opera)</span></a></span>）</span></span>》的第一张商业录音。<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="其他指挥工作"><span id=".E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E6.8C.87.E6.8C.A5.E5.B7.A5.E4.BD.9C"></span>其他指挥工作</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：其他指挥工作"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2000-2004年，他担任<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E4%BA%A4%E9%9F%BF%E6%A8%82%E5%9C%98" title="丹麥國家交響樂團">丹麦国家交响乐团</a>的首席指挥，并与该乐团一起为<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E5%BA%A6%E5%A3%AB%E5%94%B1%E7%89%87" title="山度士唱片">山度士唱片</a>等厂牌录制商业唱片。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>2003年，他在一场音乐会上站在讲台上发言，抗议美国入侵伊拉克，引起争议。后来他为此事道歉。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在日本，他于1998年至2007年担任<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%80%E8%B3%A3%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BA%A4%E9%9F%BF%E6%A8%82%E5%9C%98" title="讀賣日本交響樂團">讀賣日本交響樂團</a>的首席指挥，2007年后成为该乐团的桂冠指挥。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Fox-1"><span 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The Guardian. 2010-05-06 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-10-07</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802040926/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/may/06/henze-gogo-no-eiko-albrecht">存档</a>于2018-08-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&rft.atitle=Henze%3A+Gogo+no+Eiko&rft.au=Andrew+Clements&rft.date=2010-05-06&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2010%2Fmay%2F06%2Fhenze-gogo-no-eiko-albrecht&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">John Rockwell. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE7DD143EF933A05751C1A964958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all">Czech Philharmonic Faces Perilous Times In Dividing Country</a>. 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International Herald Tribune. 31 January 1996 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2007-05-28</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iht.com/articles/1996/01/31/prague.t.php">原始内容</a>存档于2007-03-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&rft.atitle=Storm+at+Czech+Philharmonic&rft.au=Alan+Levy&rft.date=1996-01-31&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Herald+Tribune&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iht.com%2Farticles%2F1996%2F01%2F31%2Fprague.t.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Andrew Clements. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2005/jan/07/classicalmusicandopera.shopping4">Dvorak: Dimitrij, Vodicka/ Drobkova/ Hajossyova/ Aghova/ Czech Philharmonic/ Albrecht</a>. The Guardian. 2005-01-07 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-10-07</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043913/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2005/jan/07/classicalmusicandopera.shopping4">存档</a>于2016-03-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&rft.atitle=Dvorak%3A+Dimitrij%2C+Vodicka%2F+Drobkova%2F+Hajossyova%2F+Aghova%2F+Czech+Philharmonic%2F+Albrecht&rft.au=Andrew+Clements&rft.date=2005-01-07&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2005%2Fjan%2F07%2Fclassicalmusicandopera.shopping4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Edward Greenfield. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2004/aug/13/popandrock.shopping1">Brahms: Rinaldo; Alto Rhapsody; Gesang der Parzen, Larsson/ Andersen/ Danish National Choir and Symphony Orch/ Albrecht</a>. The Guardian. 2004-08-13 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-10-07</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181202155214/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2004/aug/13/popandrock.shopping1">存档</a>于2018-12-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&rft.atitle=Brahms%3A+Rinaldo%3B+Alto+Rhapsody%3B+Gesang+der+Parzen%2C+Larsson%2F+Andersen%2F+Danish+National+Choir+and+Symphony+Orch%2F+Albrecht&rft.au=Edward+Greenfield&rft.date=2004-08-13&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2004%2Faug%2F13%2Fpopandrock.shopping1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Brian Wise. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wnyc.org/music/articles/13748">Conductor Gerd Albrecht Forced to Apologize for Anti-War Statement</a>. WNYC.org. 2003 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2007-09-13</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090502125036/http://www.wnyc.org/music/articles/13748">存档</a>于2009-05-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&rft.atitle=Conductor+Gerd+Albrecht+Forced+to+Apologize+for+Anti-War+Statement&rft.au=Brian+Wise&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wnyc.org%2Fmusic%2Farticles%2F13748&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1568475/">格尔德·阿尔布雷希特在互联网电影资料库（IMDb）上的資料</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmusic.com/artist/q9622">格尔德·阿尔布雷希特</a>在<a href="/wiki/Allmusic" class="mw-redirect" title="Allmusic">Allmusic</a>上的頁面</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071031080437/http://www.semperoper.de/en/oper/artists_20072008/gerd_albrecht.html">森柏歌剧院对格尔德·阿尔布雷希特生平英语介绍</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin:0.5em auto !important; font-size:95%;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="background: #99CCFF;">文化職務 </th></tr> <tr style="white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center">前任：<br /><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="尾高忠明" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tadaaki Otaka"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%BE%E9%AB%98%E5%BF%A0%E6%98%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尾高忠明（页面不存在）">尾高忠明</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadaaki_Otaka" class="extiw" title="en:Tadaaki Otaka"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tadaaki Otaka</span></a></span>）</span></span></b> </td> <td width="40%" align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%80%E8%B3%A3%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BA%A4%E9%9F%BF%E6%A8%82%E5%9C%98" title="讀賣日本交響樂團">读卖日本交响乐团首席指挥</a></b><br />1998–2007 </td> <td width="30%" align="center">繼任：<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E7%93%A6%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E7%93%A6%E5%88%87%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="斯坦尼斯瓦夫·斯克罗瓦切夫斯基">斯坦尼斯瓦夫·斯克罗瓦切夫斯基</a></b> </td></tr> <tr style="white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center">前任：<br /><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乌尔夫·席尔默" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ulf Schirmer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%B8%AD%E5%B0%94%E9%BB%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乌尔夫·席尔默（页面不存在）">乌尔夫·席尔默</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulf_Schirmer" class="extiw" title="en:Ulf Schirmer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ulf Schirmer</span></a></span>）</span></span></b> </td> <td width="40%" align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E4%BA%A4%E9%9F%BF%E6%A8%82%E5%9C%98" title="丹麥國家交響樂團">丹麦国家交响乐团首席指挥</a></b><br />2000–2004 </td> <td width="30%" align="center">繼任：<br /><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="托马斯·道斯加德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Thomas Dausgaard"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托马斯·道斯加德（页面不存在）">托马斯·道斯加德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Dausgaard" class="extiw" title="en:Thomas Dausgaard"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Thomas Dausgaard</span></a></span>）</span></span></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E9%BB%8E%E4%B8%96%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%8E%85%E7%AE%A1%E5%BC%A6%E4%B9%90%E5%9B%A2" title="苏黎世音乐厅管弦乐团">苏黎世音乐厅管弦乐团</a>首席指挥</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弗里德里希·黑加尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Friedrich Hegar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E9%BB%91%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弗里德里希·黑加尔（页面不存在）">弗里德里希·黑加尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Hegar" class="extiw" title="en:Friedrich Hegar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Friedrich Hegar</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（1868-1906）</small></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="福尔克马尔·安德烈埃" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Volkmar Andreae"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%E5%9F%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="福尔克马尔·安德烈埃（页面不存在）">福尔克马尔·安德烈埃</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkmar_Andreae" class="extiw" title="en:Volkmar Andreae"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Volkmar Andreae</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（1906-1949）</small></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃里希·施密德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Erich Schmid"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E5%AF%86%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃里希·施密德（页面不存在）">埃里希·施密德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich_Schmid" class="extiw" title="en:Erich Schmid"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Erich Schmid</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（1949-1957）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E9%B2%8D%E5%BE%B7" title="汉斯·罗斯鲍德">汉斯·罗斯鲍德</a><small>（1957-1962）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%82%AF%E6%99%AE" title="鲁道夫·肯普">鲁道夫·肯普</a><small>（1965-1972）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E5%9B%BE%E7%93%A6" title="夏尔·迪图瓦">夏尔·迪图瓦</a><small>（1967–1971）</small></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">格尔德·阿尔布雷希特</a><small>（1975-1980）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E7%94%B3%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%AB" title="克里斯托弗·埃申巴赫">克里斯托弗·埃申巴赫</a><small>（1982-1986）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A5%E6%9D%89%E5%BC%98" title="若杉弘">若杉弘</a><small>（1987-1991）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E6%B4%A5%E6%9B%BC" title="大卫·津曼">大卫·津曼</a><small>（1995-2014）</small></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="利昂内尔·布兰吉耶" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lionel Bringuier"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E6%98%82%E5%86%85%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E5%85%B0%E5%90%89%E8%80%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="利昂内尔·布兰吉耶（页面不存在）">利昂内尔·布兰吉耶</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Bringuier" class="extiw" title="en:Lionel Bringuier"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lionel Bringuier</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（2014-2018）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%B2%83%C2%B7%E8%80%B6%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4" title="帕沃·耶尔维">帕沃·耶尔维</a><small>（2019-）</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="捷克爱乐首席指挥" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%88%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5" title="Template:捷克爱乐首席指挥"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%88%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:捷克爱乐首席指挥（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%88%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:捷克爱乐首席指挥"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="捷克爱乐首席指挥" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%88%B1%E4%B9%90" class="mw-redirect" title="捷克爱乐">捷克爱乐</a>首席指挥</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="路德维克·切兰斯基" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ludvík Vítězslav Čelanský"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%88%87%E5%85%B0%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路德维克·切兰斯基（页面不存在）">路德维克·切兰斯基</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludv%C3%ADk_V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzslav_%C4%8Celansk%C3%BD" class="extiw" title="en:Ludvík Vítězslav Čelanský"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ludvík Vítězslav Čelanský</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（1901-1903）</small></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="维莱姆·泽马内克" data-lang-code="cs" data-lang-name="捷克語" data-foreign-title="Vilém Zemánek"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E8%8E%B1%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E6%B3%BD%E9%A9%AC%E5%86%85%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="维莱姆·泽马内克（页面不存在）">维莱姆·泽马内克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">捷克語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vil%C3%A9m_Zem%C3%A1nek" class="extiw" title="cs:Vilém Zemánek"><span lang="cs" dir="auto">Vilém Zemánek</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（1903-1918）</small></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瓦茨拉夫·塔利奇" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Václav Talich"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%93%A6%E8%8C%A8%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E5%88%A9%E5%A5%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瓦茨拉夫·塔利奇（页面不存在）">瓦茨拉夫·塔利奇</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Talich" class="extiw" title="en:Václav Talich"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Václav Talich</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（1919-1931，1933-1941）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E8%B4%9D%E5%88%A9%E5%85%8B" title="拉法埃尔·库贝利克">拉法埃尔·库贝利克</a><small>（1942-1948）</small></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡雷尔·舍纳" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Karel Šejna"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%88%8D%E7%BA%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡雷尔·舍纳（页面不存在）">卡雷尔·舍纳</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_%C5%A0ejna" class="extiw" title="en:Karel Šejna"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Karel Šejna</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（1950）</small></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡雷尔·安塞尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Karel Ančerl"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%AE%89%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡雷尔·安塞尔（页面不存在）">卡雷尔·安塞尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_An%C4%8Derl" class="extiw" title="en:Karel Ančerl"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Karel Ančerl</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（1950-1968）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%8C%A8%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E4%BC%8A%E6%9B%BC" title="瓦茨拉夫·诺伊曼">瓦茨拉夫·诺伊曼</a><small>（1968-1989）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E6%B4%9B%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B" title="吉里·贝洛拉维克">吉里·贝洛拉维克</a><small>（1990-1992）</small></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">格尔德·阿尔布雷希特</a><small>（1993-1996）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E4%BB%80%E8%82%AF%E7%BA%B3%E9%BD%90" title="弗拉基米尔·阿什肯纳齐">弗拉基米尔·阿什肯纳齐</a><small>（1996-2003）</small></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="兹德涅克·马卡尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Zdeněk Mácal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B9%E5%BE%B7%E6%B6%85%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="兹德涅克·马卡尔（页面不存在）">兹德涅克·马卡尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zden%C4%9Bk_M%C3%A1cal" class="extiw" title="en:Zdeněk Mácal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Zdeněk Mácal</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（2003-2007）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E8%83%A1%C2%B7%E6%AE%B7%E5%B7%B4%E7%88%BE" title="伊利亞胡·殷巴爾">伊利亞胡·殷巴爾</a><small>（2009-2012）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E6%B4%9B%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B" title="吉里·贝洛拉维克">吉里·贝洛拉维克</a><small>（2012-2017）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E8%8B%97%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%A5%87%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%AB" title="谢苗·贝奇科夫">谢苗·贝奇科夫</a><small>（2018-）</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61209#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61209#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61209#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13890648g">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13890648g">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/124017665">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007306366205171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000206547">芬兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79146137">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000101993&P_CON_LNG=ENG">拉脱维亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=mzk2003200638&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35204272">澳大利亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000262663&local_base=nsk10">克罗地亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070920362">荷兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810648376905606">波兰</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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