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We wish to argue that the evolution of life marks the end of a physics world view of law entailed" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://ens.academia.edu/Ma%C3%ABlMont%C3%A9vil" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://ens.academia.edu/GiuseppeLongo" /> <meta name="description" content="Biological evolution is a complex blend of ever changing structural stability, variability and emergence of new phenotypes, niches, ecosystems. We wish to argue that the evolution of life marks the end of a physics world view of law entailed" /> <title>(PDF) No entailing laws, but enablement in the evolution of the biosphere | Maël Montévil and Giuseppe Longo - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/11720588/No_entailing_laws_but_enablement_in_the_evolution_of_the_biosphere" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732419202000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732419202000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Biological evolution is a complex blend of ever changing structural stability, variability and emergence of new phenotypes, niches, ecosystems. We wish to argue that the evolution of life marks the end of a physics world view of law entailed dynamics. Our considerations depend upon discussing the variability of the very \u0026amp;#39;\u0026amp;#39;contexts of life\u0026amp;#39;\u0026amp;#39;: the interactions between organisms, biological niches and ecosystems. These are ever changing, intrinsically indeterminate and even unprestatable: we do not know ahead of time the \u0026amp;quot;niches\u0026amp;quot; which constitute the boundary conditions on selection. More generally, by the mathematical unprestatability of the \u0026amp;quot;phase space\u0026amp;quot; (space of possibilities), no laws of motion can be formulated for evolution. We call this radical emergence, from life to life. The purpose of this paper is the integration of variation and diversity in a sound conceptual frame and situate unpredictability at a novel theoretical level, that of the very phase space. Our argument will be carried on in close comparisons with physics and the mathematical constructions of phase spaces in that discipline. The role of (theoretical) symmetries as invariant preserving transformations will allow us to understand the nature of physical phase spaces and to stress the differences required for a sound biological theoretizing. In this frame, we discuss the novel notion of \u0026amp;#39;\u0026amp;#39;enablement\u0026amp;quot;. Life lives in a web of enablement and radical emergence. This will restrict causal analyses to differential cases (a difference that causes a difference). Mutations or other causal differences will allow us to stress that \u0026amp;#39;\u0026amp;#39;non conservation principles\u0026amp;quot; are at the core of evolution, in contrast to physical dynamics, largely based on conservation principles as symmetries. Critical transitions, the main locus of symmetry changes in physics, will be discussed, and lead to \u0026amp;#39;\u0026amp;#39;extended criticality\u0026amp;quot; as a conceptual frame for a better understanding of the living state of matter.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Maël Montévil"},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Longo"}],"contributor":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Longo"}],"dateCreated":"2015-03-30","dateModified":"2021-04-18","datePublished":"2012-01-01","headline":"No entailing laws, but enablement in the evolution of the biosphere","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Autopoiesis","Biology","Causation","Evolution","Mathematical Modelling","Causality","Robert Rosen","Historicity","Randomness","Unpredictability","Biological evolution","Forms of historicity","Biología-Cultural / Biología del Conocer / Humberto Maturana / autopoiesis 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window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":11720588,"created_at":"2015-03-30T06:26:54.880-07:00","from_world_paper_id":134270828,"updated_at":"2021-04-18T05:57:50.826-07:00","_data":{"doi":"10.1145/2330784.2330946","abstract":"Biological evolution is a complex blend of ever changing structural stability, variability and emergence of new phenotypes, niches, ecosystems. We wish to argue that the evolution of life marks the end of a physics world view of law entailed dynamics. Our considerations depend upon discussing the variability of the very ''contexts of life'': the interactions between organisms, biological niches and ecosystems. These are ever changing, intrinsically indeterminate and even unprestatable: we do not know ahead of time the \"niches\" which constitute the boundary conditions on selection. More generally, by the mathematical unprestatability of the \"phase space\" (space of possibilities), no laws of motion can be formulated for evolution. We call this radical emergence, from life to life. The purpose of this paper is the integration of variation and diversity in a sound conceptual frame and situate unpredictability at a novel theoretical level, that of the very phase space. Our argument will be carried on in close comparisons with physics and the mathematical constructions of phase spaces in that discipline. The role of (theoretical) symmetries as invariant preserving transformations will allow us to understand the nature of physical phase spaces and to stress the differences required for a sound biological theoretizing. In this frame, we discuss the novel notion of ''enablement\". Life lives in a web of enablement and radical emergence. This will restrict causal analyses to differential cases (a difference that causes a difference). Mutations or other causal differences will allow us to stress that ''non conservation principles\" are at the core of evolution, in contrast to physical dynamics, largely based on conservation principles as symmetries. Critical transitions, the main locus of symmetry changes in physics, will be discussed, and lead to ''extended criticality\" as a conceptual frame for a better understanding of the living state of matter.","publication_date":"2012,,"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"No entailing laws, but enablement in the evolution of the biosphere","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [28744524,2771586]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":40842851,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “No entailing laws, but enablement in the evolution of the biosphere”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/40842851/mini_magick20180818-20462-1q5zl70.png?1534631256" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">No entailing laws, but enablement in the evolution of the biosphere</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28744524" href="https://ens.academia.edu/Ma%C3%ABlMont%C3%A9vil"><img alt="Profile image of Maël Montévil" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/28744524/11941342/13306232/s65_ma_l.mont_vil.jpg" />Maël Montévil</a><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2771586" href="https://ens.academia.edu/GiuseppeLongo"><img alt="Profile image of Giuseppe Longo" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2771586/31722838/28993069/s65_giuseppe.longo.jpg" />Giuseppe Longo</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2012</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Biological evolution is a complex blend of ever changing structural stability, variability and emergence of new phenotypes, niches, ecosystems. We wish to argue that the evolution of life marks the end of a physics world view of law entailed dynamics. Our considerations depend upon discussing the variability of the very ''contexts of life'': the interactions between organisms, biological niches and ecosystems. These are ever changing, intrinsically indeterminate and even unprestatable: we do not know ahead of time the "niches" which constitute the boundary conditions on selection. More generally, by the mathematical unprestatability of the "phase space" (space of possibilities), no laws of motion can be formulated for evolution. We call this radical emergence, from life to life. The purpose of this paper is the integration of variation and diversity in a sound conceptual frame and situate unpredictability at a novel theoretical level, that of the very phase space. Our argument will be carried on in close comparisons with physics and the mathematical constructions of phase spaces in that discipline. The role of (theoretical) symmetries as invariant preserving transformations will allow us to understand the nature of physical phase spaces and to stress the differences required for a sound biological theoretizing. In this frame, we discuss the novel notion of ''enablement". Life lives in a web of enablement and radical emergence. This will restrict causal analyses to differential cases (a difference that causes a difference). Mutations or other causal differences will allow us to stress that ''non conservation principles" are at the core of evolution, in contrast to physical dynamics, largely based on conservation principles as symmetries. Critical transitions, the main locus of symmetry changes in physics, will be discussed, and lead to ''extended criticality" as a conceptual frame for a better understanding of the living state of matter.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":40842851,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/11720588/No_entailing_laws_but_enablement_in_the_evolution_of_the_biosphere"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":40842851,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/11720588/No_entailing_laws_but_enablement_in_the_evolution_of_the_biosphere"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="40842851" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/11720588/No_entailing_laws_but_enablement_in_the_evolution_of_the_biosphere" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="23155991" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23155991/From_physics_to_biology_by_extending_criticality_and_symmetry_breakings">From physics to biology by extending criticality and symmetry breakings</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2771586" href="https://ens.academia.edu/GiuseppeLongo">Giuseppe Longo</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28744524" href="https://ens.academia.edu/Ma%C3%ABlMont%C3%A9vil">Maël Montévil</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2011</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Symmetries play a major role in physics, in particular since the work by E. Noether and H. Weyl in the first half of last century. Herein, we briefly review their role by recalling how symmetry changes allow to conceptually move from classical to relativistic and quantum physics. We then introduce our ongoing theoretical analysis in biology and show that symmetries play a radically different role in this discipline, when compared to those in current physics. By this comparison, we stress that symmetries must be understood in relation to conservation and stability properties, as represented in the theories. We posit that the dynamics of biological organisms, in their various levels of organization , are not " just " processes, but permanent (extended, in our terminology) critical transitions and, thus, symmetry changes. Within the limits of a relative structural stability (or interval of viability), variability is at the core of these transitions.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"From physics to biology by extending criticality and symmetry breakings","attachmentId":43640025,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23155991/From_physics_to_biology_by_extending_criticality_and_symmetry_breakings","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23155991/From_physics_to_biology_by_extending_criticality_and_symmetry_breakings"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="11720575" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11720575/Extended_criticality_phase_spaces_and_enablement_in_biology">Extended criticality, phase spaces and enablement in biology</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2771586" href="https://ens.academia.edu/GiuseppeLongo">Giuseppe Longo</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28744524" href="https://ens.academia.edu/Ma%C3%ABlMont%C3%A9vil">Maël Montévil</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper analyzes, in terms of critical transitions, the phase spaces of biological dynamics. The phase space is the space where the scientific description and determination of a phenomenon is given. We argue that one major aspect of biological evolution is the continual change of the pertinent phase space and the unpredictability of these changes. This analysis will be based on the theoretical symmetries in biology and on their critical instability along evolution. Our hypothesis deeply modifies the tools and concepts used in physical theorizing, when adapted to biology. In particular, we argue that causality has to be understood differently, and we discuss two notions to do so: differential causality and enablement. In this context constraints play a key role: on one side, they restrict possibilities, on the other, they enable biological systems to integrate changing constraints in their organization, by correlated variations, in un-prestatable ways. This corresponds to the formation of new phenotypes and organisms.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Extended criticality, phase spaces and enablement in biology","attachmentId":43606646,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11720575/Extended_criticality_phase_spaces_and_enablement_in_biology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11720575/Extended_criticality_phase_spaces_and_enablement_in_biology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="83020295" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/83020295/The_Physics_of_Evolution_and_Breaking_Symmetry">The Physics of Evolution and Breaking Symmetry</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="50497933" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VyacheslavSomsikov">Vyacheslav Somsikov</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Springer proceedings in complexity, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Physics of Evolution and Breaking Symmetry","attachmentId":118421575,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83020295/The_Physics_of_Evolution_and_Breaking_Symmetry","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/83020295/The_Physics_of_Evolution_and_Breaking_Symmetry"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="54774409" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/54774409/From_physics_to_biology_by_extenting_criticality_and_symmetry_breakings">From physics to biology by extenting criticality and symmetry breakings</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2771586" href="https://ens.academia.edu/GiuseppeLongo">Giuseppe Longo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 2011</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Symmetries play a major role in physics, in particular since the work by E. 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Herein, we briefly review their role by recalling how symmetry changes allow to conceptually move from classical to relativistic and quantum ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"From physics to biology by extenting criticality and symmetry breakings","attachmentId":70975978,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/54774409/From_physics_to_biology_by_extenting_criticality_and_symmetry_breakings","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/54774409/From_physics_to_biology_by_extenting_criticality_and_symmetry_breakings"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="49667497" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49667497/Life_and_Evolution_as_Physics">Life and Evolution as Physics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="128391208" href="https://duke.academia.edu/ABejan">Adrian Bejan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Communicative & Integrative Biology, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Life and Evolution as Physics","attachmentId":67955962,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49667497/Life_and_Evolution_as_Physics","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49667497/Life_and_Evolution_as_Physics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="67576868" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67576868/Variations_on_the_theme_of_invariants_conceptual_and_mathematical_dualities_in_physics_vs_biology">Variations on the theme of invariants: conceptual and mathematical dualities in physics vs biology</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2771586" href="https://ens.academia.edu/GiuseppeLongo">Giuseppe Longo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Human Evolution, 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In a work of Bailly and Longo (2010), a comparison between the invariants in physics and some particular invariants in biology is presented through conceptual dualities that we highlight and further specify here in their main theoretical differences. Many controversies in relating physics and biology, for instance the question of a physicalist approach in biology, derive from strong and well-established epistemological and cultural guardrails. Our purpose is to identify at least some of the patterns or principles that may guide theory building in biology by physico-mathematical methodologies which simultaneously takes into account its autonomy. In other terms, we discuss biological extensions of physical theories that are based just on &quot;conceptual practices&quot; from physics and not necessarily on its laws and objects. To this purpose we stress the divergence between mathematical invariants and variables in physics with respect to biological variability (and evolvability), whi...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Variations on the theme of invariants: conceptual and mathematical dualities in physics vs biology","attachmentId":78342581,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67576868/Variations_on_the_theme_of_invariants_conceptual_and_mathematical_dualities_in_physics_vs_biology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/67576868/Variations_on_the_theme_of_invariants_conceptual_and_mathematical_dualities_in_physics_vs_biology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="18028909" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18028909/ON_THE_FOUNDATIONS_OF_THE_THEORY_OF_EVOLUTION">ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37829404" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LianeGabora">Liane Gabora</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Worldviews, Science and Us - Bridging Knowledge and Its Implications for Our Perspectives of the World - Proceedings of the Workshop on Times of Entanglement, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION","attachmentId":39837195,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18028909/ON_THE_FOUNDATIONS_OF_THE_THEORY_OF_EVOLUTION","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18028909/ON_THE_FOUNDATIONS_OF_THE_THEORY_OF_EVOLUTION"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="27942089" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27942089/Theoretical_principles_for_biology_Variation">Theoretical principles for biology: Variation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="235670" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/MatteoMossio">Matteo Mossio</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9444291" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/ArnaudPocheville">Arnaud Pocheville</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2771586" href="https://ens.academia.edu/GiuseppeLongo">Giuseppe Longo</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28744524" href="https://ens.academia.edu/Ma%C3%ABlMont%C3%A9vil">Maël Montévil</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Darwin introduced the concept that random variation generates new living forms. In this paper, we elaborate on Darwin's notion of random variation to propose that biological variation should be given the status of a fundamental theoretical principle in biology. We state that biological objects such as organisms are specific objects. Specific objects are special in that they are qualitatively different from each other. They can undergo unpredictable qualitative changes, some of which are not defined before they happen. We express the principle of variation in terms of symmetry changes, where symmetries underlie the theoretical determination of the object. We contrast the biological situation with the physical situation, where objects are generic (that is, different objects can be assumed to be identical) and evolve in well-defined state spaces. We derive several implications of the principle of variation, in particular, biological objects show randomness, historicity and contextuality. We elaborate on the articulation between this principle and the two other principles proposed in this special issue: the principle of default state and the principle of organization.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Theoretical principles for biology: Variation","attachmentId":48235033,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27942089/Theoretical_principles_for_biology_Variation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/27942089/Theoretical_principles_for_biology_Variation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="35049302" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35049302/The_evolution_from_the_point_of_view_of_physicist">The evolution from the point of view of physicist</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17462561" href="https://spbu.academia.edu/VladimirKomarov">Vladimir Komarov</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Mother Nature's favorite game is to evolve, remaining within the same sequence of complications: the initial elements, the combination of these elements, the formation of a set of combinations of source elements, the selection of "long-lived" combinations within a particular Homeostasis. The next cycle uses the resulting combinations as the starting elements. Combines them and so on. This well-known chain looks like this: • elementary particles - protons and neutrons, • protons and neutrons - nuclei of atoms, • atomic nucleus and electron - atoms and ions, • atoms - simple molecules , • simple molecules - complex molecules (including crystalline structures and solids) • complex molecules - organic molecules • organic molecules - peptides, hormones, codons, etc. • codons - genes • genes - DNA and RNA, etc. But the most striking thing is that the physical and chemical properties of these formations only seem at first sight to be a chaotic set, slightly legalized by the notions of homology or analogy. In fact, this chaos is an ordered set of discrete objects. But this ordering manifests itself only with a special consideration of each of the above objects in the space of their physical, chemical and biological properties. And this orderliness is called "Symmetry". Keyword: combinatorics, homeostasis, homology, unitary symmetry, conservation laws, mixtures,</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The evolution from the point of view of physicist","attachmentId":54909716,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35049302/The_evolution_from_the_point_of_view_of_physicist","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35049302/The_evolution_from_the_point_of_view_of_physicist"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="81298955" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81298955/Phase_transitions_criticality_and_lifes_emergence">Phase-transitions, criticality, and life's emergence</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8951849" href="https://independent.academia.edu/gargimitradelmotte">gargi mitra-delmotte</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Critical-like characteristics in open living systems at each organizational level (from bio-molecules to ecosystems) indicate that non-equilibrium phase transitions into absorbing states lead to self-organized states comprising autonomous components. Here, we recall Langton's hypothesis of the spontaneous emergence of computation in the vicinity of a critical phase-transition, which points to the importance of conservative redistribution rules, threshold, meta-stability, and so on. But extrapolating these features to the origins of life, brings up a paradox: how could simple organics - lacking the 'soft matter' response properties of today's complex bio-molecules-have dissipated energy from primordial reactions (for eventual reduction of CO2) in a controlled manner for their 'ordering'? Nevertheless, a causal link of life's macroscopic irreversible dynamics to the microscopic reversible laws of statistical mechanics is indicated via the 'functional takeover' of a soft magnetic scaffold by organics (c.f. Cairns-Smith's "crystal-scaffold"). Field-structured colloids offer a mechanism for bootstrapping - bottom-up assembly with top-down control: its super-paramagnetic colloidal components obey reversible dynamics, but its dissipation of H-field energy for aggregation breaks time-reversal symmetry. This controlled-system description lays the foundation for raising the status of a spontaneous thermodynamic reaction cycle to that of a function with a purpose: a non-equilibrium dynamics now drives the system towards a long range correlation scenario, a pre-requisite for a computing system. Here it can be oriented in a kinetic direction via a series of phase-transitions with appropriate replacements "taking-over" the sustenance and continuity of its functions. Where available, experiments are cited in support of these speculations and for designing appropriate tests.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Phase-transitions, criticality, and life's emergence","attachmentId":87391968,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81298955/Phase_transitions_criticality_and_lifes_emergence","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/81298955/Phase_transitions_criticality_and_lifes_emergence"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":40842851,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":40842851,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_40842851" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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Toward a theory of metasystem transitions","attachmentId":50660590,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22638127/The_Quantum_of_Evolution_Toward_a_theory_of_metasystem_transitions","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22638127/The_Quantum_of_Evolution_Toward_a_theory_of_metasystem_transitions"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="5992834" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5992834/HYPOTHESIS_AND_THEORY_ARTICLE_Field_control_phase_transitions_and_lifes_emergence">HYPOTHESIS AND THEORY ARTICLE Field-control, phase-transitions, and life's emergence</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8951849" href="https://independent.academia.edu/gargimitradelmotte">gargi mitra-delmotte</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"HYPOTHESIS AND THEORY ARTICLE Field-control, phase-transitions, and life's emergence","attachmentId":32945246,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5992834/HYPOTHESIS_AND_THEORY_ARTICLE_Field_control_phase_transitions_and_lifes_emergence","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5992834/HYPOTHESIS_AND_THEORY_ARTICLE_Field_control_phase_transitions_and_lifes_emergence"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="109024437" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109024437/Thermodynamics_of_evolution_and_the_origin_of_life">Thermodynamics of evolution and the origin of life</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="134448665" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VladimirFalman">Vladimir Хлепитько(Falman)</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Thermodynamics of evolution and the origin of life","attachmentId":107265528,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109024437/Thermodynamics_of_evolution_and_the_origin_of_life","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109024437/Thermodynamics_of_evolution_and_the_origin_of_life"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="8821655" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8821655/An_algebraic_sketch_of_evolution">An algebraic sketch of evolution</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3988135" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BalatskyAlrxander">Balatsky Alrxander</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An algebraic sketch of 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