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Abstract: As strange as it may seem historically, thermodynamics and biological evolutionary emerged in science at the same time out of the same Newtonian context, seem for all intents and purposes to be intimately related to open another, yet they are complete physical opposites of one another. Thermodynamics is about disorder, entropy and inanimate matter in general, while biological evolution is all about order and the complexity of very special material systems that are, in general, inanimate. It should be evident across the whole spectrum of science that these two disciplines are related, but it seems that science goes to great lengths to demonstrate how they are essentially unrelated. That is because science has over limited and restricted both disciplines by definitions and ideas that are incomplete. Science regards only the chemical/mechanical/electrical processes of life as \u0026amp;#39;life\u0026amp;#39; itself, while many people believe that \u0026amp;#39;life\u0026amp;#39; itself is something that goes beyond the processes that maintain and sustain life. On the other hand, some scientists believe that \u0026amp;#39;life\u0026amp;#39; is negentropic and defies the rules and principles of thermodynamics, but those who do not believe this go to great lengths to \u0026amp;#39;stretch\u0026amp;#39; the limits of what constitutes a \u0026amp;#39;closed\u0026amp;#39; system to accommodate, but not really explain, living organisms in any scientific manner. So, evolution and thermodynamics restrict themselves to the very thinly disguised Cartesian limits and boundaries between MIND and MATTER, which are not quite so evident elsewhere in science. Science mistakenly believes that it has passed far beyond those centuries\u0026amp;#39; old Cartesian limits and influences, but it has not. Given this information and understanding how nature really works, it is easy to expand the laws of thermodynamics and apply them to evolution theory in such a way that a new \u0026amp;#39;evolution of physical systems\u0026amp;#39; emerges of which biological evolution (whether Darwinian or modern genetic) is just one small but significant part.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"James (Jim) E Beichler"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2018-03-02","dateModified":"2018-03-02","datePublished":"2018-01-01","headline":"The Thermodynamics of Evolutionary (open) Systems","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Evolutionary Biology","Physics","Thermodynamics","Human Evolution","Cosmology (Physics)","Complexity Theory","Complexity Science and Design","Complexity","Evolution","Physics Education","Long Term Evolution (LTE)","Chaos/Complexity Theory","Entropy","Complexity Science","Second Law of Thermodynamics"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"To Die For (2nd 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window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":36063422,"created_at":"2018-03-02T16:45:38.107-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-16T07:22:57.081-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"Preliminary revision for Chapter 6, 2nd ed., \"To Die For -The story of everything: Physics, spirituality, consciousness and afterlife\", which be published in its entirety in the next few months. \r\n\r\nAbstract: As strange as it may seem historically, thermodynamics and biological evolutionary emerged in science at the same time out of the same Newtonian context, seem for all intents and purposes to be intimately related to open another, yet they are complete physical opposites of one another. Thermodynamics is about disorder, entropy and inanimate matter in general, while biological evolution is all about order and the complexity of very special material systems that are, in general, inanimate. It should be evident across the whole spectrum of science that these two disciplines are related, but it seems that science goes to great lengths to demonstrate how they are essentially unrelated. That is because science has over limited and restricted both disciplines by definitions and ideas that are incomplete. Science regards only the chemical/mechanical/electrical processes of life as 'life' itself, while many people believe that 'life' itself is something that goes beyond the processes that maintain and sustain life. On the other hand, some scientists believe that 'life' is negentropic and defies the rules and principles of thermodynamics, but those who do not believe this go to great lengths to 'stretch' the limits of what constitutes a 'closed' system to accommodate, but not really explain, living organisms in any scientific manner. So, evolution and thermodynamics restrict themselves to the very thinly disguised Cartesian limits and boundaries between MIND and MATTER, which are not quite so evident elsewhere in science. Science mistakenly believes that it has passed far beyond those centuries' old Cartesian limits and influences, but it has not. Given this information and understanding how nature really works, it is easy to expand the laws of thermodynamics and apply them to evolution theory in such a way that a new 'evolution of physical systems' emerges of which biological evolution (whether Darwinian or modern genetic) is just one small but significant part. ","publication_date":"2018,,","publication_name":"To Die For (2nd edition) - The story of everything: Physics, spirituality, consciousness and afterlife"},"document_type":"draft","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"The Thermodynamics of Evolutionary (open) Systems","broadcastable":true,"draft":true,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [13393868]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":55950726,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “The Thermodynamics of Evolutionary (open) Systems”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/55950726/mini_magick20180818-558-4twavx.png?1534603736" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">The Thermodynamics of Evolutionary (open) Systems</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="13393868" href="https://webplus.academia.edu/JamesJimBeichler"><img alt="Profile image of James (Jim) E Beichler" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/13393868/3842772/4496298/s65_jim.beichler.jpg" />James (Jim) E Beichler</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2018, To Die For (2nd edition) - The story of everything: Physics, spirituality, consciousness and afterlife</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Preliminary revision for Chapter 6, 2nd ed., "To Die For -The story of everything: Physics, spirituality, consciousness and afterlife", which be published in its entirety in the next few months. Abstract: As strange as it may seem historically, thermodynamics and biological evolutionary emerged in science at the same time out of the same Newtonian context, seem for all intents and purposes to be intimately related to open another, yet they are complete physical opposites of one another. Thermodynamics is about disorder, entropy and inanimate matter in general, while biological evolution is all about order and the complexity of very special material systems that are, in general, inanimate. It should be evident across the whole spectrum of science that these two disciplines are related, but it seems that science goes to great lengths to demonstrate how they are essentially unrelated. That is because science has over limited and restricted both disciplines by definitions and ideas that are incomplete. Science regards only the chemical/mechanical/electrical processes of life as 'life' itself, while many people believe that 'life' itself is something that goes beyond the processes that maintain and sustain life. On the other hand, some scientists believe that 'life' is negentropic and defies the rules and principles of thermodynamics, but those who do not believe this go to great lengths to 'stretch' the limits of what constitutes a 'closed' system to accommodate, but not really explain, living organisms in any scientific manner. So, evolution and thermodynamics restrict themselves to the very thinly disguised Cartesian limits and boundaries between MIND and MATTER, which are not quite so evident elsewhere in science. Science mistakenly believes that it has passed far beyond those centuries' old Cartesian limits and influences, but it has not. Given this information and understanding how nature really works, it is easy to expand the laws of thermodynamics and apply them to evolution theory in such a way that a new 'evolution of physical systems' emerges of which biological evolution (whether Darwinian or modern genetic) is just one small but significant part. </p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":55950726,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/36063422/The_Thermodynamics_of_Evolutionary_open_Systems"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":55950726,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/36063422/The_Thermodynamics_of_Evolutionary_open_Systems"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="55950726" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/36063422/The_Thermodynamics_of_Evolutionary_open_Systems" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="8461931" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8461931/EVOLUTION_IN_THERMODYNAMIC_PERSPECTIVE_A_HISTORICAL_AND_PHILOSOPHICAL_ANGLE">EVOLUTION IN THERMODYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE: A HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ANGLE</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17223218" href="https://csregistry.academia.edu/IrisFry">Iris Fry</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Zygon, 1995</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstract. The recently suggested reformulation of Darwinian evolutionary theory, based on the thermodynamics of self-organizing processes, has strong philosophical implications. My claim is that the main philosophical merit of the thermodynamic approach, made especially clear in J.S. Wicken's work, is its insistence on the law-governed, continuous nature of evolution. I attempt to substantiate this claim following a historical analysis of beginning-of-the-century ideas on evolution and matter-life relationship, in particular, the fitness-of-the-environment-for-life theory of the Harvard physiologist L.J. Henderson. In addition, I point to an epistemological common ground underlying the studies of the “thermodynamics school” and other currently active research groups focusing on the emergence and evolution of biological organization.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"EVOLUTION IN THERMODYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE: A HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ANGLE","attachmentId":48087088,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8461931/EVOLUTION_IN_THERMODYNAMIC_PERSPECTIVE_A_HISTORICAL_AND_PHILOSOPHICAL_ANGLE","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8461931/EVOLUTION_IN_THERMODYNAMIC_PERSPECTIVE_A_HISTORICAL_AND_PHILOSOPHICAL_ANGLE"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="74269301" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74269301/Thermodynamics_and_Life_An_Evolutionary_Point_of_View">Thermodynamics and Life: An Evolutionary Point of View</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38729559" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ElisaTiezzi">Elisa Tiezzi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The complexity we observe in life forms, in their development and in biological evolution, is the result of the temporal and spatial constraints of a long evolutionary history made up of relations accumulating in time. This work assumes that space and time belong to different logical types: the fi rst being reversible and conservative and the second irreversible and evolutionary. Time and space are reciprocally irreducible quantities. We refer to the thermodynamics of the Nobel laureate in Chemistry, Ilya Prigogine, to perform a new point of view of life, in terms of evolutionary thermodynamics.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Thermodynamics and Life: An Evolutionary Point of View","attachmentId":82479678,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74269301/Thermodynamics_and_Life_An_Evolutionary_Point_of_View","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/74269301/Thermodynamics_and_Life_An_Evolutionary_Point_of_View"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="118435058" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/118435058/Thermodynamics_and_Evolution">Thermodynamics and Evolution</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="149989649" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LloydDemetrius">Lloyd Demetrius</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Theoretical Biology, 2000</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Thermodynamics and Evolution","attachmentId":114062814,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118435058/Thermodynamics_and_Evolution","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/118435058/Thermodynamics_and_Evolution"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="658239" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/658239/Thermodynamics_and_the_Evolution_of_Life">Thermodynamics & the Evolution of Life</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="483934" href="https://uconn.academia.edu/AndyForceno">Andy Forceno</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper explores the connection between the second law of thermodynamics and the emergence and evolution of life on Earth. 60 years ago Schrodinger understood that the thermodynamically-open nature of living systems exempted them from the constraints imposed by the second law, but it was not clear why such systems should exist at all. Now we’re coming to realize that, not only are open systems ubiquitous, but they are likely, and perhaps even necessary. Some open systems are characterized as dissipative, and they emerge as the system they are embedded in attempts to return closer to thermodynamic equilibrium. The emergence of life itself is a response of the surrounding system to the thermodynamic imperative of the second law. The stability and efficiency of metabolic processes over evolutionary time, as well as properties of entire ecosystems emerged to counter the effects of energy gradients applied to them.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Thermodynamics \u0026 the Evolution of Life","attachmentId":31756815,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/658239/Thermodynamics_and_the_Evolution_of_Life","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/658239/Thermodynamics_and_the_Evolution_of_Life"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="114037661" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/114037661/An_evolutionary_new_Thermodynamics">An evolutionary new Thermodynamics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="13393868" href="https://webplus.academia.edu/JamesJimBeichler">James (Jim) E Beichler</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">One of the greatest unsolved mysteries in physics is the formation and evolution of material systems. Nearly everyone in the physics community would say that this is a long-solved problem, but they do not even notice that the formation and evolution of material systems, both animate and inanimate, are in direct violation of the laws of thermodynamics, which is also completely accepted 'as is' by the physics and scientific communities. Under these circumstances, two new theories of galactic and universal evolution have recently been proposed. But a better place for such a physics theory of physical evolution would be in a new and more comprehensive balanced thermodynamics so it could counter the physical principle of entropy in those physical instances that it does not matter. After all, entropy is, in fact, a form of anti-or deevolution. When a living or animate body dies, it becomes inanimate matter and entropy takes over in the body as the living processes and interactions cease. Unfortunately, the laws or principles of thermodynamics as they now stand are grossly incomplete and needfully wrong, but no one seems to have seen this error. The simplest error in them is that they refer to closed systems, which is commonly accepted, but there is no such thing as a closed system in the universe unless it is the universe itself, as a unitary continuous whole. So additional laws or rules are needed to fill this theoretical gap: Primarily Prigogine's Principle and chaos theory with the emergence of complexities. Nor does thermodynamics take into direct consideration the natural forces that rule physics and all physical interactions. However, thermodynamics can be extended to take these into account and thus develop a complete and comprehensive view of the physical universe. Doing so carries surprises in it with the development of physical evolution, both animate and inanimate, as a common property of the physical universe, and more.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An evolutionary new Thermodynamics","attachmentId":110841090,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/114037661/An_evolutionary_new_Thermodynamics","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/114037661/An_evolutionary_new_Thermodynamics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="109024437" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109024437/Thermodynamics_of_evolution_and_the_origin_of_life">Thermodynamics of evolution and the origin of life</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="134448665" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VladimirFalman">Vladimir Хлепитько(Falman)</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Thermodynamics of evolution and the origin of life","attachmentId":107265528,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109024437/Thermodynamics_of_evolution_and_the_origin_of_life","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109024437/Thermodynamics_of_evolution_and_the_origin_of_life"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="6629877" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6629877/Thermodynamics_and_biological_evolution">Thermodynamics and biological evolution</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3461113" href="https://creatacad.academia.edu/GeorgiGladyshev">Georgi Gladyshev</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Biological Physics, 1995</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The author of the present paper hopes that the thermodynamic nature of biological evolution will be perceived in the nearest future. He suggests a macrothermodynamic model that takes into account the fact that in the course of ontogenesis, philogenesis and the appropriate stages of the general biological evolution the biosystems are enriched by energy-intensive chemical substances, which force water out of these systems. Moreover, macrothermodynamics helps one to understand adaptive changes in the composition and structure of the biosystems.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Thermodynamics and biological evolution","attachmentId":48776501,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6629877/Thermodynamics_and_biological_evolution","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6629877/Thermodynamics_and_biological_evolution"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="38619330" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38619330/Evolution_in_thermodynamics">Evolution in thermodynamics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30638207" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FrankDickson1">Frank Dickson</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Evolution in thermodynamics","attachmentId":58696099,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38619330/Evolution_in_thermodynamics","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38619330/Evolution_in_thermodynamics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="22740116" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22740116/Natural_Selection_and_Thermodynamics_of_Biological_Evolution">Natural Selection and Thermodynamics of Biological Evolution</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3461113" href="https://creatacad.academia.edu/GeorgiGladyshev">Georgi Gladyshev</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The author of this article proposes that the representation of Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace's theory on " variation and selection " in the living world is a reflection of the action of hierarchical thermodynamics. Hierarchical thermodynamics is based on the law of temporal hierarchies and on the principle of substance stability. This principle enables the transmission of thermodynamic information between lower and higher structural hierarchies, in both forward and reverse direction: from nucleic acids to higher structural hierarchies and back. The principle of substance stability , in fact, is the main dynamical and thermodynamic mechanism of natural selection. It is alleged that the natural selection of atoms, molecules, organisms, populations, and other hierarchical structures takes place under the action of a variety of internal factors within organisms and the external environmental factors that can be considered as tropisms. Forms (design) of living organisms are formed as a result of spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes that lead to the adaptation of living systems to the environment. The selection is carried out as a result of the impacts of different energy types and the principle of substance stability at all levels of hierarchical structures. Actions of tropisms are presented by various members of the generalized Gibbs equation .</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Natural Selection and Thermodynamics of Biological Evolution","attachmentId":43305731,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22740116/Natural_Selection_and_Thermodynamics_of_Biological_Evolution","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22740116/Natural_Selection_and_Thermodynamics_of_Biological_Evolution"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="37375390" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37375390/Using_thermodynamics_to_impose_causal_frame_to_explain_Behavior_heredity_From_Physics_Stress_and_dynamics_of_Complex_Adaptive_System_toward_Extended_Evolutionary_Synthesis_and_Universal_Darwinism">Using thermodynamics to impose causal frame to explain Behavior heredity. From Physics, Stress and dynamics of Complex Adaptive System toward Extended Evolutionary Synthesis and Universal Darwinism</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10753502" href="https://humus.academia.edu/SorokinaOlga">Sorokina Olga</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstract. In order to understand the general model of evolution at various levels of complexity the model of multilevel selection is to be worked out. It should depend not on the various heredity’ vehicles but on the methods of natural selection determined by 2nd law of energy conservation,. In this article an engineering approach is applied to analysis of the publication of Dr J Scott Turner the Extended Organism and Purpose & Desire. What Makes Something “Alive” and Why Modern Darwinism Has Failed to explain It. Together with new findings in heredity theory and neuropsychology in may give some clues to working out engineering approach to sustaining the process of continuous life evolution – ie to facilitating working out the strategy for sustainable development. It may facilitate working out free of the ideological biases of the 20th century but scientific and reliable model of evolution at various levels of complexity.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Using thermodynamics to impose causal frame to explain Behavior heredity. From Physics, Stress and dynamics of Complex Adaptive System toward Extended Evolutionary Synthesis and Universal Darwinism","attachmentId":57340051,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37375390/Using_thermodynamics_to_impose_causal_frame_to_explain_Behavior_heredity_From_Physics_Stress_and_dynamics_of_Complex_Adaptive_System_toward_Extended_Evolutionary_Synthesis_and_Universal_Darwinism","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37375390/Using_thermodynamics_to_impose_causal_frame_to_explain_Behavior_heredity_From_Physics_Stress_and_dynamics_of_Complex_Adaptive_System_toward_Extended_Evolutionary_Synthesis_and_Universal_Darwinism"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":55950726,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":55950726,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_55950726" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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