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Users should always cite the published version of record.","publication":"International Journal of Psychology","publication_with_fallback":"International Journal of Psychology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":98084828,"asset_id":96089267,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98084828/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98084828/FinalRevision-libre.pdf?1675243221=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_role_of_culture_in_appraisals_emotio.pdf\u0026Expires=1737651457\u0026Signature=NzeSwLKJQRCoOZU6YlY9que4WdO~H4K2qlbJ7727~3AHwL9qJ78gP2n75h660FUFUrJZ9wddgAB4z1D0m5APFKSTOmuDhQ3xlJWboys1TqhkR9mmyrUL00e~mWdJT7fYCe86YgqiVIbbOHUsRQx4df1hzXHr4NFFaiEKhgT2BpnnW6TMjfQy8bBXgoOTgIPjjtWJ9qjhz17bPGSTV34~kjnZdsOUFXtx0rvEYM0ekbXQPPj87yljb8Ds~rBJ3pPNbUlzrjBjZcjo3qqXzMxudgYV6aTW16TazSbqFKK3fe1JffSlEUhQYX~o-yZwbtK7FU318lS~qRqG5kyxhzBnIA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084828/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98084828/mini_magick20230201-1-1lbio3i.png?1675242581"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":98084828,"asset_id":96089267,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98084828/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98084828/FinalRevision-libre.pdf?1675243221=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_role_of_culture_in_appraisals_emotio.pdf\u0026Expires=1737651457\u0026Signature=NzeSwLKJQRCoOZU6YlY9que4WdO~H4K2qlbJ7727~3AHwL9qJ78gP2n75h660FUFUrJZ9wddgAB4z1D0m5APFKSTOmuDhQ3xlJWboys1TqhkR9mmyrUL00e~mWdJT7fYCe86YgqiVIbbOHUsRQx4df1hzXHr4NFFaiEKhgT2BpnnW6TMjfQy8bBXgoOTgIPjjtWJ9qjhz17bPGSTV34~kjnZdsOUFXtx0rvEYM0ekbXQPPj87yljb8Ds~rBJ3pPNbUlzrjBjZcjo3qqXzMxudgYV6aTW16TazSbqFKK3fe1JffSlEUhQYX~o-yZwbtK7FU318lS~qRqG5kyxhzBnIA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084828/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98084828/mini_magick20230201-1-1lbio3i.png?1675242581"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":20,"ordered_authors":[{"id":34500623,"first_name":"ayse","last_name":"uskul","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ayseuskul","display_name":"ayse uskul","profile_url":"https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34500623/10864248/97588833/s65_ayse.uskul.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology","nofollow":true},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science","nofollow":true},{"id":248,"name":"Social Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology","nofollow":true},{"id":2073,"name":"Anger","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anger","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":35256,"name":"Shame","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shame"},{"id":48977,"name":"Reputation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reputation"},{"id":67192,"name":"Dignity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dignity"},{"id":170865,"name":"Learned Helplessness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learned_Helplessness"},{"id":209284,"name":"Honour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honour"},{"id":1185612,"name":"H","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/H"}],"publication_year":2019,"publication_year_with_fallback":2019,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":4,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_96089268" data-work_id="96089268" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96089268/Men_s_Perceptions_and_Emotional_Responses_to_Becoming_a_Caregiver_Father_The_Role_of_Individual_Differences_in_Masculine_Honor_Ideals_and_Reputation_Concerns">Men’s Perceptions and Emotional Responses to Becoming a Caregiver Father: The Role of Individual Differences in Masculine Honor Ideals and Reputation Concerns</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Despite the rising number of men and women in counter-stereotypical roles, it is rare for men to serve as primary caregivers in families with dependent children. In two studies, we examined how British men and women perceive and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_96089268" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Despite the rising number of men and women in counter-stereotypical roles, it is rare for men to serve as primary caregivers in families with dependent children. In two studies, we examined how British men and women perceive and emotionally react to primary caregiver (vs. breadwinner) fathers, whether their perceptions and reactions are contingent upon individual differences in masculine honor endorsement, and the potential mediators in these relationships. Results showed that both men and women perceived the primary caregiver fathers more positively-warmer and not less competent-than the primary breadwinner fathers, yet endorsement of masculine honor ideals increased men's (but not women's) tendency to attribute less positive emotions (e.g., proud and satisfied) and more negative emotions (e.g., ashamed and resentful) to the primary caregiver (vs. breadwinner) fathers. Mediated moderation analyses showed that for men with high masculine honor orientation, their less positive and more negative emotional attributions were driven by perceived loss of reputation among male friends, whereas for men with low masculine honor orientation, their more positive and less negative emotional attributions were driven by perceived gain of wife's and children's admiration. By shifting the focus to men's individual differences and motives, these findings offer nuanced explanations for why some men may feel eager about serving as caregiver fathers, whereas others may feel reluctant to do so.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/96089268" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c49dacdd7316bd5e6492d26b19c70328" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":98084827,"asset_id":96089268,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084827/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34500623" href="https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul">ayse uskul</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34500623" type="text/json">{"id":34500623,"first_name":"ayse","last_name":"uskul","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ayseuskul","display_name":"ayse uskul","profile_url":"https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34500623/10864248/97588833/s65_ayse.uskul.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_96089268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="96089268"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96089268, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_96089268", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96089268]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_96089268").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_96089268").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="96089268"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="248" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology">Social Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="248" type="text/json">{"id":248,"name":"Social Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="252" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychology">Developmental Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="252" type="text/json">{"id":252,"name":"Developmental Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="867" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception">Perception</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="867" type="text/json">{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=96089268]'), work: {"id":96089268,"title":"Men’s Perceptions and Emotional Responses to Becoming a Caregiver Father: The Role of Individual Differences in Masculine Honor Ideals and Reputation Concerns","created_at":"2023-02-01T01:08:07.101-08:00","owner_id":34500623,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/96089268/Men_s_Perceptions_and_Emotional_Responses_to_Becoming_a_Caregiver_Father_The_Role_of_Individual_Differences_in_Masculine_Honor_Ideals_and_Reputation_Concerns","slug":"Men_s_Perceptions_and_Emotional_Responses_to_Becoming_a_Caregiver_Father_The_Role_of_Individual_Differences_in_Masculine_Honor_Ideals_and_Reputation_Concerns","dom_id":"work_96089268","summary":"Despite the rising number of men and women in counter-stereotypical roles, it is rare for men to serve as primary caregivers in families with dependent children. In two studies, we examined how British men and women perceive and emotionally react to primary caregiver (vs. breadwinner) fathers, whether their perceptions and reactions are contingent upon individual differences in masculine honor endorsement, and the potential mediators in these relationships. Results showed that both men and women perceived the primary caregiver fathers more positively-warmer and not less competent-than the primary breadwinner fathers, yet endorsement of masculine honor ideals increased men's (but not women's) tendency to attribute less positive emotions (e.g., proud and satisfied) and more negative emotions (e.g., ashamed and resentful) to the primary caregiver (vs. breadwinner) fathers. Mediated moderation analyses showed that for men with high masculine honor orientation, their less positive and more negative emotional attributions were driven by perceived loss of reputation among male friends, whereas for men with low masculine honor orientation, their more positive and less negative emotional attributions were driven by perceived gain of wife's and children's admiration. By shifting the focus to men's individual differences and motives, these findings offer nuanced explanations for why some men may feel eager about serving as caregiver fathers, whereas others may feel reluctant to do so.","publication":"Frontiers in Psychology","publication_with_fallback":"Frontiers in Psychology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":98084827,"asset_id":96089268,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98084827/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98084827/c8653cbe6787cff20e4293b9ff57f2171296-libre.pdf?1675243221=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMen_s_Perceptions_and_Emotional_Response.pdf\u0026Expires=1740455597\u0026Signature=dhXY1yGs-8vBZXKa9nK~nfa3RfNehJGy5KIwc~ZiYTm09YrwM~z1jJB-7-j99m5bwdK1YSbKMPjQUNqKjT4VFEledsclJ2TPC5nma96ad7yeoVeVbuO~YPwtLma~PfdJ~LEB5BG0sThm0ZcGRboIjQkHr5etNrd26mtaTWNUgixZNMCwx68uiA~sBrtimCXffRecgChr-driznY9iso0w84tvp9Ea6htAEe2lJ1On5ZBB~4Bjz7m~Frvy0Eb9sXg3XPuPQoPJukup4-nhJ7n1AXXkmgtNBWQejv9ImoQSyVWxqHyTbOTRTGQnOvE7qrwzpUF4CSP3NFvytRyOPs5Pg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084827/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98084827/mini_magick20230201-1-evre9q.png?1675242599"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":98084827,"asset_id":96089268,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98084827/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98084827/c8653cbe6787cff20e4293b9ff57f2171296-libre.pdf?1675243221=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMen_s_Perceptions_and_Emotional_Response.pdf\u0026Expires=1740455598\u0026Signature=M8mfjjzK6TPIxjvIGYrjiYx42gHlQCfyhepqGQjPVse~l9VFsjEnIquEFrx15M00zqw2MEhWNKOcFTPEN-8ofB4JIAPcZr9z1YnQ3SeKgEku-VS2Z8fM5t4ROQVwMoBipOJNlWcCbB2lPyHWOvKJjOKQ-GxDQD0jXOtfYfyQFeSAIfFptit3St0ywQ~QpWRxoMX1BFhSGhRQe1TH14u2dHfs1lBZDZzvMOxjx6Ubl93puM~kql-1jOgRnQSyJvM4KrrLxzK1OaebQkfcda2d-7Cw-n6pqWOuFDxuP262j6JTCD0HPdjnKaQarByCyH70MHAJ4XWCw8zP-YlNWzC5rg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084827/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98084827/mini_magick20230201-1-evre9q.png?1675242599"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":18,"ordered_authors":[{"id":34500623,"first_name":"ayse","last_name":"uskul","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ayseuskul","display_name":"ayse uskul","profile_url":"https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34500623/10864248/97588833/s65_ayse.uskul.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology","nofollow":true},{"id":248,"name":"Social Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology","nofollow":true},{"id":252,"name":"Developmental Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychology","nofollow":true},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":85813,"name":"Honor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honor"},{"id":125342,"name":"Attribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attribution"},{"id":188921,"name":"Admiration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Admiration"},{"id":721636,"name":"Wife","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wife"},{"id":1185612,"name":"H","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/H"},{"id":2498386,"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frontiers_in_Psychology"}],"publication_year":2019,"publication_year_with_fallback":2019,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":2,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_96089269" data-work_id="96089269" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96089269/Family_Matters_Rethinking_the_Psychology_of_Human_Social_Motivation">Family Matters: Rethinking the Psychology of Human Social Motivation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">What motives do people prioritize in their social lives? Historically, social psychologists, especially those adopting an evolutionary perspective, have devoted a great deal of research attention to sexual attraction and romantic partner... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_96089269" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">What motives do people prioritize in their social lives? Historically, social psychologists, especially those adopting an evolutionary perspective, have devoted a great deal of research attention to sexual attraction and romantic partner choice (mate-seeking). Research on long-term familial bonds (mate retention and kin care) has been less thoroughly connected to relevant comparative and evolutionary work on other species, and in the case of kin care, less well researched. Examining varied sources of data from 27 societies around the world, we found that people generally view familial motives as primary in importance, and mate-seeking motives as relatively low in importance. College students, single people, and males place relatively higher emphasis on mate-seeking, but even those samples rated kin care motives as more important. Further, motives linked to long-term familial bonds are positively associated with psychological well-being, but mate-seeking motives are associated with a...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/96089269" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea7f24fafac2736d8608db70a8368ea4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":98084829,"asset_id":96089269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084829/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34500623" href="https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul">ayse uskul</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34500623" type="text/json">{"id":34500623,"first_name":"ayse","last_name":"uskul","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ayseuskul","display_name":"ayse uskul","profile_url":"https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34500623/10864248/97588833/s65_ayse.uskul.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_96089269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="96089269"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96089269, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_96089269", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96089269]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_96089269").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_96089269").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="96089269"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=96089269]'), work: {"id":96089269,"title":"Family Matters: Rethinking the Psychology of Human Social Motivation","created_at":"2023-02-01T01:08:07.272-08:00","owner_id":34500623,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/96089269/Family_Matters_Rethinking_the_Psychology_of_Human_Social_Motivation","slug":"Family_Matters_Rethinking_the_Psychology_of_Human_Social_Motivation","dom_id":"work_96089269","summary":"What motives do people prioritize in their social lives? Historically, social psychologists, especially those adopting an evolutionary perspective, have devoted a great deal of research attention to sexual attraction and romantic partner choice (mate-seeking). Research on long-term familial bonds (mate retention and kin care) has been less thoroughly connected to relevant comparative and evolutionary work on other species, and in the case of kin care, less well researched. Examining varied sources of data from 27 societies around the world, we found that people generally view familial motives as primary in importance, and mate-seeking motives as relatively low in importance. College students, single people, and males place relatively higher emphasis on mate-seeking, but even those samples rated kin care motives as more important. Further, motives linked to long-term familial bonds are positively associated with psychological well-being, but mate-seeking motives are associated with a...","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":98084829,"asset_id":96089269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98084829/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98084829/Ko_et_al._in_press_Perspectives-libre.pdf?1675243263=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFamily_Matters_Rethinking_the_Psychology.pdf\u0026Expires=1740455598\u0026Signature=cP6ihbK3D0mHl99ijYsdtMxKFc2HHBei-pk2OPzaoyDA93r59xbnnvnBvIOzJBvUiOpqHe2QG6M8908hhK3tJe~SJx7e1UtQoEbSdKgnSFBssMoDvR8WQOHFFvmbeFITX5SkR02-3wOXv4IDNMrW2uxN702MB3lqPnUNCcrBgTI8ezgLFZlTf0EsnUlny-iZz~sulvJ6fSGNh86bvpNiayBTVHIJgIOzLAXIrxmLC9B9pQgJUOcVMBK3AVtJenr8S2ULwHIqhj-YD8uAKZ6fe~COuIvxz8XuxHHohL7OBGnWp-0zIKDc0MvnpPZAOKqYzgD3P1CNf9hL93wV1OjZWQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084829/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98084829/mini_magick20230201-1-1pxc403.png?1675242625"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":98084829,"asset_id":96089269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98084829/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98084829/Ko_et_al._in_press_Perspectives-libre.pdf?1675243263=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFamily_Matters_Rethinking_the_Psychology.pdf\u0026Expires=1740455598\u0026Signature=cP6ihbK3D0mHl99ijYsdtMxKFc2HHBei-pk2OPzaoyDA93r59xbnnvnBvIOzJBvUiOpqHe2QG6M8908hhK3tJe~SJx7e1UtQoEbSdKgnSFBssMoDvR8WQOHFFvmbeFITX5SkR02-3wOXv4IDNMrW2uxN702MB3lqPnUNCcrBgTI8ezgLFZlTf0EsnUlny-iZz~sulvJ6fSGNh86bvpNiayBTVHIJgIOzLAXIrxmLC9B9pQgJUOcVMBK3AVtJenr8S2ULwHIqhj-YD8uAKZ6fe~COuIvxz8XuxHHohL7OBGnWp-0zIKDc0MvnpPZAOKqYzgD3P1CNf9hL93wV1OjZWQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084829/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98084829/mini_magick20230201-1-1pxc403.png?1675242625"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":83,"ordered_authors":[{"id":34500623,"first_name":"ayse","last_name":"uskul","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ayseuskul","display_name":"ayse 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href="https://www.academia.edu/96089270/Socio_ecological_roots_of_cultures_of_honor">Socio-ecological roots of cultures of honor</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/96089270" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e78831058c65ca294f6f6703af2272e1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":98084825,"asset_id":96089270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="96089270"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="85813" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honor">Honor</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="85813" type="text/json">{"id":85813,"name":"Honor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honor","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=96089270]'), work: {"id":96089270,"title":"Socio-ecological roots of cultures of honor","created_at":"2023-02-01T01:08:07.405-08:00","owner_id":34500623,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/96089270/Socio_ecological_roots_of_cultures_of_honor","slug":"Socio_ecological_roots_of_cultures_of_honor","dom_id":"work_96089270","summary":null,"publication":"Current Opinion in Psychology","publication_with_fallback":"Current Opinion in Psychology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":98084825,"asset_id":96089270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98084825/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98084825/Uskul_Cross_COiP_acceptedversion.pdf?1675242548=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSocio_ecological_roots_of_cultures_of_ho.pdf\u0026Expires=1732948247\u0026Signature=b9nuY2Wiozb7Yy8Kk9BI9~mAGp88RUn6QTOODzFC7f5L5KdrzVhe7I3Ymga8DkzVbrlvCoyDN1mwjTn~x~W32PhwjQaJTnkeoYipoqZVXYA8Xv6aFFoV2lqylhpBOyFqRxO2-ohT8Ab-U1uHxtyIG2rSU34QFJk1bKv6NgwyA64bBgOUIuuGKgmOCrewSbgGQjP-8i1I1mERM4z9zAKPCiMsI5wGnP9iVKsgpS0YhkiLXFUg50yxHqxVco1dcKT7irZzpRCQtd-xyOMYkqCRnwgkpJBvHXkatGHa6ne6RLuxqZvkbecwpUQ~CMzsWgsFXGSw237loqeksm0aDJ2FZg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084825/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98084825/mini_magick20230201-1-rg2ys8.png?1675242593"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":98084825,"asset_id":96089270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98084825/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98084825/Uskul_Cross_COiP_acceptedversion.pdf?1675242548=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSocio_ecological_roots_of_cultures_of_ho.pdf\u0026Expires=1732948247\u0026Signature=b9nuY2Wiozb7Yy8Kk9BI9~mAGp88RUn6QTOODzFC7f5L5KdrzVhe7I3Ymga8DkzVbrlvCoyDN1mwjTn~x~W32PhwjQaJTnkeoYipoqZVXYA8Xv6aFFoV2lqylhpBOyFqRxO2-ohT8Ab-U1uHxtyIG2rSU34QFJk1bKv6NgwyA64bBgOUIuuGKgmOCrewSbgGQjP-8i1I1mERM4z9zAKPCiMsI5wGnP9iVKsgpS0YhkiLXFUg50yxHqxVco1dcKT7irZzpRCQtd-xyOMYkqCRnwgkpJBvHXkatGHa6ne6RLuxqZvkbecwpUQ~CMzsWgsFXGSw237loqeksm0aDJ2FZg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084825/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98084825/mini_magick20230201-1-rg2ys8.png?1675242593"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":16,"ordered_authors":[{"id":34500623,"first_name":"ayse","last_name":"uskul","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ayseuskul","display_name":"ayse 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work_96089271" data-work_id="96089271" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96089271/An_Alternative_Account_of_Anti_Effeminacy_Bias_Reputation_Concerns_and_Lack_of_Coalitional_Value_Explain_Honor_Oriented_Men_s_Reluctance_to_Befriend_Feminine_Men">An Alternative Account of Anti-Effeminacy Bias: Reputation Concerns and Lack of Coalitional Value Explain Honor-Oriented Men’s Reluctance to Befriend Feminine Men</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Anti-effeminacy bias follows a specific pattern with men showing stronger anti-effeminacy bias against male targets than women. Previous explanations focused on men’s higher tendency to stigmatize feminine men as homosexual and motives to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_96089271" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Anti-effeminacy bias follows a specific pattern with men showing stronger anti-effeminacy bias against male targets than women. Previous explanations focused on men’s higher tendency to stigmatize feminine men as homosexual and motives to maintain a dominant group status. Here, we suggest that certain expressions of anti-effeminacy bias may rather be a manifestation of men’s reputation management motives for coalition formation, and be amplified among high (vs. low) masculine honor-oriented men. In three studies with samples from the United Kingdom and Turkey, we showed that men perceived feminine (vs. masculine) male targets as lower on coalitional value and were more reluctant to befriend them, yet this applied only to high (not low) honor-oriented men. Honor-oriented men’s friendship reluctance was mediated by concern with losing reputation by association with targets lacking coalitional value. These findings extend understanding of anti-effeminacy bias by drawing attention to me...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/96089271" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="222ed1222adca6cccf7c009e9e47439b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":98084787,"asset_id":96089271,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084787/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34500623" href="https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul">ayse uskul</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34500623" type="text/json">{"id":34500623,"first_name":"ayse","last_name":"uskul","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ayseuskul","display_name":"ayse uskul","profile_url":"https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34500623/10864248/97588833/s65_ayse.uskul.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_96089271 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="96089271"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96089271, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_96089271", }); 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The honor threat in these studies was based on previous research which has shown that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_96089272" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Two studies investigated retaliatory responses to actual honor threats among members of an honor culture (Turkey) and a dignity culture (northern U.S.). The honor threat in these studies was based on previous research which has shown that honesty is a key element of the conception of honor and that accusations of dishonesty are threatening to one’s honor. In both studies, participants wrote an essay describing the role of honesty in their lives and received feedback on their essay accusing them of being dishonest (vs. neutral feedback). Turkish participants retaliated more strongly than did northern U.S. participants against the person who challenged their honesty by assigning him/her to solve more difficult tangrams over easy ones (Study 1) and by choosing sensory tasks of a higher level of intensity to complete (Study 2). Study 2 added a relational honor condition, in which participants wrote about honesty in their parents’ lives and examined the role of individual differences in ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/96089272" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6c2e0f3e4e1a6e5c4b6c121ef3039384" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":98084788,"asset_id":96089272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98084788/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34500623" href="https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul">ayse uskul</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34500623" type="text/json">{"id":34500623,"first_name":"ayse","last_name":"uskul","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ayseuskul","display_name":"ayse uskul","profile_url":"https://kent.academia.edu/ayseuskul","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34500623/10864248/97588833/s65_ayse.uskul.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_96089272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="96089272"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96089272, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_96089272", }); 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Study 2 added a relational honor condition, in which participants wrote about honesty in their parents’ lives and examined the role of individual differences in 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Social Section Annual Conference 2015</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A joint review of The British Psychological Society Developmental Section and Social Section Annual Conference held in Manchester, September 2015. Published in the Social Psychology Special Issue of the Psychology Postgraduate Affairs... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20405573" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A joint review of The British Psychological Society Developmental Section and Social Section Annual Conference held in Manchester, September 2015. Published in the Social Psychology Special Issue of the Psychology Postgraduate Affairs Group Quarterly, issue 97, December 2015.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20405573" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3153dc286b74a6a6786f17c53845e01b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41346672,"asset_id":20405573,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41346672/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3161844" href="https://kent.academia.edu/ChloeFarahar">Chloe T T Farahar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3161844" type="text/json">{"id":3161844,"first_name":"Chloe","last_name":"Farahar","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ChloeFarahar","display_name":"Chloe T T Farahar","profile_url":"https://kent.academia.edu/ChloeFarahar","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3161844/1039509/35844428/s65_chloe.farahar.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-20405573">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-20405573"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://kent.academia.edu/KiranPurewal">Kiran Purewal</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-20405573'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-20405573').html(); 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Typically, its operations span problem finding, idea generation, and critical evaluation. The benefits of training CPS have been extolled in education, industry,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24283844" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Creative problem solving (CPS) requires solutions to be useful and original. Typically, its operations span problem finding, idea generation, and critical evaluation. The benefits of training CPS have been extolled in education, industry, and government with evidence showing it can enhance performance. However, although such training schemes work, less is known about the specific tools used. Knowing whether a particular tool works or not would provide practitioners with a valuable resource, leading to more effective training schemes, and a better understanding of the processes involved. A comprehensive review was undertaken examining the empirical support of tools used within CPS. Despite the surprising lack of research focusing on the use and success of specific tools, some evidence exists to support the effectiveness of a small set. Such findings present practitioners with a potential resource that could be used in a stand-alone setting or possibly be combined to create more effective training programs.<br /><br />Vernon, D., Hocking, I., & Tyler, T. C. (2016, April). An evidence-based review of creative problem solving tools: A practitioner's resource. Human Resource Development Review, 1-30. doi:10.1177/1534484316641512</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24283844" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="86526a10bfb1a5b51ee9cdd8b1cdc5d6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44620147,"asset_id":24283844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44620147/download_file?st=MTc0MDQ1MTk5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3161844" href="https://kent.academia.edu/ChloeFarahar">Chloe T T Farahar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3161844" type="text/json">{"id":3161844,"first_name":"Chloe","last_name":"Farahar","domain_name":"kent","page_name":"ChloeFarahar","display_name":"Chloe T T Farahar","profile_url":"https://kent.academia.edu/ChloeFarahar","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3161844/1039509/35844428/s65_chloe.farahar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24283844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24283844"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24283844, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24283844", }); 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