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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1" title="دیوان عالی کشور – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دیوان عالی کشور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cour_supr%C3%AAme_d%27Iran" title="Cour suprême d'Iran – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cour suprême d'Iran" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahkamah_Agung_Iran" title="Mahkamah Agung Iran – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mahkamah Agung Iran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9F" title="בית המשפט העליון של איראן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בית המשפט העליון של איראן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Iran" title="Supreme Court of Iran – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Supreme Court of Iran" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" 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location">35.6816°N 51.4189°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.6816; 51.4189</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Highest juridical authority in Iran</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Supreme+Court+of+Iran%22">"Supreme Court of Iran"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Supreme+Court+of+Iran%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Supreme+Court+of+Iran%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Supreme+Court+of+Iran%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Supreme+Court+of+Iran%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Supreme+Court+of+Iran%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2025</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #Ededed;"><span class="nowrap">Supreme Court of Iran</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #aaa;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_Iran.svg/180px-Emblem_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_Iran.svg/270px-Emblem_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_Iran.svg/360px-Emblem_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #aaa;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-lat="35.6816" data-lon="51.4189" data-overlays="["_d9bff43ca29fef242e1851d7649c3655e607f2e8"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/13/35.6816/51.4189/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,35.6816,51.4189,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&revid=1271745477&groups=_d9bff43ca29fef242e1851d7649c3655e607f2e8" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,35.6816,51.4189,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&revid=1271745477&groups=_d9bff43ca29fef242e1851d7649c3655e607f2e8 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&params=35.6816_N_51.4189_E_type:landmark_region:IR"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°40′54″N</span> <span class="longitude">51°25′08″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.6816°N 51.4189°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.6816; 51.4189</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">August 17, 1911<span class="noprint">; 113 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1911-08-17</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Courthouse_of_Tehran" title="Courthouse of Tehran">Courthouse of Tehran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&params=35.6816_N_51.4189_E_type:landmark_region:IR"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°40′54″N</span> <span class="longitude">51°25′08″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.6816°N 51.4189°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.6816; 51.4189</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Composition method</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Iran" title="Chief Justice of Iran">Chief Justice</a> nomination upon advice by the Judicials.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authorised by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Iran" title="Constitution of Iran">Constitution of Iran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Judge term length</th><td class="infobox-data">5 years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of positions</th><td class="infobox-data">42</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://divanealee.eadl.ir">divanealee<wbr />.eadl<wbr />.ir</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #Ededed;">Chief Justice</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currently</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gholam-Hossein_Mohseni-Eje%27i" title="Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i">Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Since</th><td class="infobox-data">July 1, 2021<span class="noprint">; 3 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2021-07-01</span>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Supreme Court of Iran</b> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">دیوان عالی کشور</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Persian" title="Romanization of Persian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">Divan-e 'Ali-ye Keshvar</i></span>) is the highest juridical authority in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, established to supervise the correct implementation of laws by courts of justice and consisting of the most prominent <a href="/wiki/Judge" title="Judge">judges</a> of the country. The head of the judiciary assigns criteria to ensure uniformity of judicial procedure and to carry out all legal responsibilities. </p><p>The hearing of offenses committed by <a href="/wiki/President_of_Iran" title="President of Iran">the head of the executive</a> is also one of the functions of this court. </p><p>The General Board of the Supreme Court has the right to issue a "vote of judicial precedent", which enjoys the status of law. Judiciary branches of the Supreme Court have the right to hear complaints about lower courts' decisions. The parties involved in the legal proceeding do not appear in court unless the court cites them for explanations. The rulings issued by this court are in the form of annulment and confirmation of lower courts' decisions. </p><p>Article 161 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran">Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran</a> on the Supreme Court states: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Supreme Court of Iran is the highest juridical authority in Iran established to supervise the correct implementation of laws by courts of justice, to ensure uniformity of judicial procedure and to carry out the legal responsibilities being assigned to it based on the criteria determined by the head of the judiciary.</p></blockquote> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Supreme Court or <a href="/wiki/Court_of_cassation" title="Court of cassation">Court of Cassation</a> (<i>Divān-e ʿāli-e tamiz</i>) was established during the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Constitutional_Revolution" title="Persian Constitutional Revolution">second constitutional period</a> in 1911 as the highest court in Iran.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Branches_of_the_Supreme_Court">Branches of the Supreme Court</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Branches of the Supreme Court"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Supreme_Court_of_Iran_1399032711131150520604224.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Supreme_Court_of_Iran_1399032711131150520604224.jpg/250px-Supreme_Court_of_Iran_1399032711131150520604224.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Supreme_Court_of_Iran_1399032711131150520604224.jpg/375px-Supreme_Court_of_Iran_1399032711131150520604224.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Supreme_Court_of_Iran_1399032711131150520604224.jpg/500px-Supreme_Court_of_Iran_1399032711131150520604224.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="490" /></a><figcaption>A meeting of Supreme Court in June 2020</figcaption></figure> <p>The Supreme Court is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a> and by May–June 2014 (Khordad 1393 SH), it has had 42 branches, of which 5 are in <a href="/wiki/Qom" title="Qom">Qom</a>, 3 in <a href="/wiki/Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a> and the rest are in Tehran. Each branch has two benches (a justice and a judge), and might have a magistrate who may assume the duties of each of the benches if necessary. Only the benches have the right to issue judgments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Chief_of_the_Supreme_Court">The Chief of the Supreme Court</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Chief of the Supreme Court"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The chief of the Supreme Court is nominated by <a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" title="Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran">the head of the judiciary</a> for a period of five years in consultation with the judges of the Supreme Court. The chief of the Supreme Court must be <a href="/wiki/Mujtahid" class="mw-redirect" title="Mujtahid">mujtahid</a>, even-handed and well-versed in judicial matters. </p><p>Currently <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Jafar_Montazeri" title="Mohammad Jafar Montazeri">Mohammad Jafar Montazeri</a> presides over the Supreme Court of Iran. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Duties">Duties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Duties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The General Board of the Supreme Court classifies matters given their nature (juridical, criminal, or issuing a vote of Judicial Precedent) into: </p> <ul><li>The General Board of juridical branches consists of the chief of the Supreme Court and the judges of juridical branches and hears affirmed judgments of lower courts in juridical cases.</li> <li>The General Board of <a href="/wiki/Criminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal">criminal</a> branches convenes attended by the chief of the Supreme Court and the judges of criminal branches and hears affirmed judgments of lower criminal courts with regard to penal issues.</li> <li>The General Board of Judicial Precedent of the Supreme Court convenes attended by the chief of the court, judges and justices of all juridical and criminal branches in order to ensure uniformity of judicial procedure regarding conflicting judgments and orders issued by branches of this court as well as the conflicting orders of lower courts. The ruling issued by the General Board is binding for all nationwide juridical authorities.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duties_2">Duties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Duties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Supervising the correct implementation of laws by courts</li> <li>Ensuring uniformity of judicial procedure</li> <li>Serving as appeal authority for orders issued by military courts 1 and important rulings of <a href="/wiki/Public" title="Public">Public</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Court" title="Islamic Revolutionary Court">Islamic Revolutionary Court</a></li> <li>Hearing the charges against <a href="/wiki/President_(government_title)" title="President (government title)">the heads of the executive</a> in case of their transgressing <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran">Constitutional</a> rules</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2025_assassination_of_Iranian_Supreme_Court_judges" title="2025 assassination of Iranian Supreme Court judges">2025 assassination of Iranian Supreme Court judges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" title="Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran">Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_court" title="Supreme court">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/judicial-and-legal-systems-v-judicial-system-in-the-20th-century">"JUDICIAL AND LEGAL SYSTEMS v. JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN THE 20TH CENTURY"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.atitle=JUDICIAL+AND+LEGAL+SYSTEMS+v.+JUDICIAL+SYSTEM+IN+THE+20TH+CENTURY&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fjudicial-and-legal-systems-v-judicial-system-in-the-20th-century&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Iran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2022" class="citation book cs1">Esposito, John L., ed. (2022). "Iran". <i>Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World: Digital Collection</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780197669419" title="Special:BookSources/9780197669419"><bdi>9780197669419</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Iran&rft.btitle=Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World%3A+Digital+Collection&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=9780197669419&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Iran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Iran&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.divanealee.ir/">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Supreme_Courts_of_Asia413" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Supreme_Courts_of_Asia413" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Supreme Courts of Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Afghanistan" title="Supreme Court of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Azerbaijan" title="Supreme Court of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Bahrain (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladesh" title="Supreme Court of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bhutan" title="Supreme Court of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Cambodia" title="Supreme Court of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Cyprus" title="Supreme Court of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Supreme Court of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Indonesia" title="Supreme Court of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Israel" title="Supreme Court of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Japan" title="Supreme Court of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Jordan (page does not exist)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Kazakhstan" title="Supreme Court of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Kuwait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Kuwait (page does not exist)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Supreme Court of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Laos" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Lebanon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Lebanon (page does not exist)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Maldives" title="Supreme Court of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Mongolia" title="Supreme Court of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Myanmar" title="Supreme Court of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Nepal" title="Supreme Court of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan" title="Supreme Court of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Qatar (page does not exist)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Russia" title="Supreme Court of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Saudi Arabia (page does not exist)">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Singapore" title="Supreme Court of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Supreme Court of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Tajikistan" title="Supreme Court of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Thailand" title="Supreme Court of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Turkmenistan" title="Supreme Court of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Uzbekistan" title="Supreme Court of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Taiwan" title="Supreme Court of Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" 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