CINXE.COM
WITNESS, Author at WITNESS Blog
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>WITNESS, Author at WITNESS Blog</title> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://blog.witness.org/xmlrpc.php"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/page/2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="profile" /> <meta property="og:title" content="WITNESS, Author at WITNESS Blog" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="WITNESS Blog" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/07a37b7d0a29334a5a1223cc9d11e5a7?s=500&r=g" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"ProfilePage","@id":"https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/","url":"https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/","name":"WITNESS, Author at WITNESS Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://blog.witness.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Lead-Image_Archives_Blog_Africa-2.png?fit=2475%2C1350&ssl=1","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/#primaryimage","url":"https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Lead-Image_Archives_Blog_Africa-2.png?fit=2475%2C1350&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Lead-Image_Archives_Blog_Africa-2.png?fit=2475%2C1350&ssl=1","width":2475,"height":1350},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://blog.witness.org/#website","url":"https://blog.witness.org/","name":"WITNESS Blog","description":"See It. Film It. Change It","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://blog.witness.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://blog.witness.org/#/schema/person/29b5bf5f9f43b7af4961b9e80397caaa","name":"WITNESS","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://blog.witness.org/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/07a37b7d0a29334a5a1223cc9d11e5a7?s=96&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/07a37b7d0a29334a5a1223cc9d11e5a7?s=96&r=g","caption":"WITNESS"},"sameAs":["https://blog.witness.org"],"mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/"}}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//v0.wordpress.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//i0.wp.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="WITNESS Blog » Feed" href="https://blog.witness.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="WITNESS Blog » Comments Feed" href="https://blog.witness.org/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="WITNESS Blog » Posts by WITNESS Feed" href="https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/blog.witness.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='_amymag_-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Gentium+Book+Basic%3A400%2C400italic%2C700%2C700italic%7CDomine%3A400%2C700%7CPT+Serif%3A400%2C400italic%2C700%2C700italic%7C&ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='sharecontent-style-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/theme-features/post-sharecontent/css/tooltipster.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-reset-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-reset.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-typography-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-typography.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-elements-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-elements.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-forms-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-forms.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-aligments-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-aligments.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-links-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-links.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-clearings-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-clearings.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-header-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-header.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-menus-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-menus.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-cards-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-cards.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-articles-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-articles.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-comments-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-comments.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-pushmenu-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-pushmenu.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-author-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-author.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-style-loops-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/style-loops.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-flexboxgrid-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/flexboxgrid.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-icons-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/icons.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-animate-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/animate.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='literatum-nprogress-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/css/nprogress.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://blog.witness.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://blog.witness.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://blog.witness.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://blog.witness.org/wp-json/wp/v2/users/43" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://blog.witness.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <!-- GA Google Analytics @ https://m0n.co/ga --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5ZJENCJMNC"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5ZJENCJMNC'); </script> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <!-- Start arabic-webfonts v1.4.6 styles --> <style id='arabic-webfonts' type='text/css'> </style> <!-- /End arabic-webfonts styles --><style> .mp-menu { background-color:#27262b; width:300px; } .mp-menu, .mp-menu .widget input, .mp-menu h3, .mp-menu span, .mp-menu div, .mp-menu .widget, .mp-menu ul li { font-size:14px; color:#999999; } .mp-menu a { color:#eaeaea; } .mp-menu a:hover { color:#ffffff; } .mp-menu .widget .widget-title { font-size:17px; color:#999999; } article .entry-content a, .entry-footer a { color:#fe2b70; } article .entry-content a:hover, .entry-footer a:hover { color:#d02b70; } article .entry-content { color:#5f5858; } article .entry-content p, .article-default-width { max-width:680px; } .article-card.category-head .inner a.title { } .article-card.category-head .inner .description { } .loop_default-posts-list li .title { color:#3e3e3e; } .loop_default-posts-list li .excerpt { color:#807070; color:#67747c; } .loop_3columns-posts-list li .title { color:#3e3e3e; } .loop_3columns-posts-list li .excerpt { color:#807070; color:#67747c; } .article-card.squarebig > .inner .inner .title, #card-nextpost.article-card > .inner .inner .title { } .article-card.squarebig > .inner .inner .post-subtitle { font-size:22pt; } .article-card > .inner .inner .meta { font-size:13pt; } .article-card.square > .inner .inner .title { } div.logo .logo-legend { } ul.main-menu li a { font-size:18px; } </style> <style> .scroller.cbp-spmenu-push-toright { /*left: 300px;*/ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-300px,0,0); -moz-transform: translate3d(-300px,0,0); transform: translate3d(-300px,0,0); } </style> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@witnessorg"> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@witnessorg"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="From Oral Traditions to Digital Archives"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Archiving in Africa has become crucial in both preserving the past and empowering the future in many different ways and regions. Video stands as one of the most potent tools for storytelling and ..."> <meta name="twitter:domain" content="https://blog.witness.org"> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Lead-Image_Archives_Blog_Africa-2.png?fit=960%2C524&ssl=1"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Lead-Image_Archives_Blog_Africa-2.png?fit=960%2C524&ssl=1"/> <meta property="og:title" content="From Oral Traditions to Digital Archives"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Archiving in Africa has become crucial in both preserving the past and empowering the future in many different ways and regions. Video stands as one of the most potent tools for storytelling and ..." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog.witness.org/2024/11/from-oral-traditions-to-digital-archives/"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="WITNESS Blog"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://facebook.com/https://www.facebook.com/WITNESS" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/WITNESS" /> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create','UA-616064-2','auto'); ga('require','displayfeatures'); ga('send','pageview'); </script> <style > div.logo #site-logo { max-width:350px; margin-top: 40px; } article .entry-content { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .alignright { margin-left: 1em; } .alignleft { margin-right: 1em !important; } /* pullquote aligned right */ .pullquote { float:right; width:260px; border-top:1px solid #FF9900; border-bottom:1px solid #FF9900; padding:4px 5px; margin:0 2px 5px 10px !important; font: italic 1.1em/1.3em "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .pullquote h3 { font-size:1.125em; font-variant:small-caps; } .pullquote p {padding:0 0 4px;} /* pullquote aligned left */ .pullquoteLeft { float:left; width:260px; border-top:1px solid #FF9900; border-bottom:1px solid #FF9900; padding:5px 4px; margin:0 10px 5px 2px !important; font: italic 1.1em/1.3em "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .pullquoteLeft h3 { font-size:1.125em; font-variant:small-caps; } .pullquoteLeft p {padding:0 0 4px;} </style> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/WITNESS_2019_SM_ICON_500px.png"> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> .head-column-1 { flex-basis: 40%; } .head-column-2 { flex-basis: 50%; } ul.main-menu li.menu-item-26240 a { color: #33b1e3; } article .entry-content a, .entry-footer a { color: #33b1e3; } </style> </head> <body class="archive author author-guest-blogger author-43"> <!--[if IE 9 ]> <div id="page" class="hfeed site ie9"> <![endif]--> <!--[if !IE 9]>--> <div id="page" class="hfeed site"> <!--<![endif]--> <div class="container"> <!-- Push Wrapper --> <div class="mp-pusher " id="mp-pusher"> <!-- /mp-menu --> <nav id="mp-menu" class="mp-menu"> <div class="mp-level"> <div class="quit-menu-button-container"> <span onclick="pushmenu_close()" class="quit-menu-button"><i></i> Close</span> </div> <div id="sidebar-content"> <div id="search-10" class="widget widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://blog.witness.org/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> </form></div><div id="text-4" class="widget widget_text"><h2 class="widget-title rounded">Connect With Us</h2> <div class="textwidget"><ul> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/WITNESS" target="_blank">WITNESS on Facebook</a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/witnessorg" target="_blank">WITNESS on Twitter</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/Witness" target="_blank">WITNESS on YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/Witnesstoolkit" target="_blank">Training Videos on YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/humanrights/" target="_blank">WITNESS on Flickr</a></li> </ul></div> </div><div id="search-4" class="widget widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://blog.witness.org/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> </form></div><div id="linkcat-2" class="widget widget_links"><h2 class="widget-title rounded">Blogroll</h2> <ul class='xoxo blogroll'> <li><a href="https://technology.witness.org/">Technology Advocacy</a></li> <li><a href="https://lab.witness.org/">WITNESS Media Lab</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="block-2" class="widget widget_block"><!-- 30e5060013bdda949ea6a5468d31b786 --></div> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="site-info default-content-width"> <div class="int"> <div class="footer-firm"> <h3> </h3> <p><a href="http://witness.org/get-involved#contact" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Contact</a> | <a href="http://witness.org/about/press-kit" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Press Kit</a></p> <p><a href="http://witness.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">WITNESS</a><br />80 Hanson Place, 5th Floor<br />Brooklyn, NY 11217<br />Voice: 718.783.2000<br />Fax: 718.783.1593</p> <p><a href="http://witness.org/privacy-policy/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Privacy Policy</a></p> </div> <div style="clear:both"></div> </div> </div><!-- .site-info --> </footer><!-- #colophon --> </div> </nav> <div class="scroller "><!-- this is for emulating position fixed of the nav --> <div class="scroller-inner "> <!-- back to top button and menu --> <div id="top-controls"> <span class="top-button" onclick="scrollto('#page', 750, -30)"> <i></i> </span> <span class="top-button" onclick="pushmenu()"> <i></i> </div> </div> <div class="push-cover"></div> <header id="masthead" class="site-header " role="banner"> <div class="row start-hand default-content-width"> <div class="column-7-hand head-column-1"> <div class="logo"> <a id="site-logo" href="https://blog.witness.org" class="box"> <img alt="WITNESS Blog" style="width:100%;height:auto;" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/WITNESS_2019_LOGO_TWO_1000px.png?fit=300%2C104&ssl=1"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="column-auto-hand primary-menu-container head-column-2" style="text-align:right"> <div class="menu-top-nav-container"><ul id="menu-top-nav" class="main-menu"><li id="menu-item-26240" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-26240"><a href="https://www.classy.org/give/56889/#!/donation/checkout">Donate</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23794" class="ajaxlink menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23794"><a href="https://blog.witness.org/category/video-for-change/tools/">Tools</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23795" class="ajaxlink menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23795"><a href="https://blog.witness.org/category/video-for-change/tactics/">Tactics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23796" class="ajaxlink menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23796"><a href="https://blog.witness.org/category/video-for-change/how-to-toolkits/">How-To</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23797" class="ajaxlink menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23797"><a href="https://blog.witness.org/category/ideas/">Ideas</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="column-auto-hand menu-pusher-container head-column-3" style="min-width:80px;text-align:right;"> <div onclick="pushmenu()" class="box menu-pusher"><span class="hide-on-mobileX">Menu</span> <i></i></div> </div> </div> </header><!-- #masthead --> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div id="card-30873" class="article-card authorhead under-header"> <div class="inner"> <div class="image-background thumb" style="z-index:0;background-image:url('https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Lead-Image_Archives_Blog_Africa-2.png?fit=200%2C109&ssl=1');"> </div> <div class="image-background hidden" style="z-index:0;background-image:url('https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Lead-Image_Archives_Blog_Africa-2.png?fit=2475%2C1350&ssl=1');"> </div> <div class="image-cover"> </div> </div> <script> var img = jQuery("<img />").attr('src', 'https://i0.wp.com/blog.witness.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Lead-Image_Archives_Blog_Africa-2.png?fit=2475%2C1350&ssl=1') .load(function() { if (!this.complete || typeof this.naturalWidth == "undefined" || this.naturalWidth == 0) { } else { jQuery('#card-30873 .image-background').animate({opacity: 1}, 540, function() {jQuery('.image-background.thumb').fadeOut()} ); } }); jQuery(function() { // ios viewport height (vh) fix $card = jQuery('#card-30873.article-card'); var is_iphone = /(iPhone|iPod)/g.test( navigator.userAgent ); var is_ipad = /(iPad)/g.test( navigator.userAgent ); if(is_iphone || is_ipad) { $card.css("height", 320); $card.find('.image-background').css("height", 320); $card.find('.image-background').css("background-attachment", 'scroll'); }; }) </script> </div> <div class="author-profile-info article-default-width"> <div class="author-avatar"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/07a37b7d0a29334a5a1223cc9d11e5a7?s=170&r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/07a37b7d0a29334a5a1223cc9d11e5a7?s=340&r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-170 photo' height='170' width='170' decoding='async'/> </div> <span class="author-name"> WITNESS </span> <span class="author-desc"> </span> <div class="author-contact"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org" target="_blank" class="c-method"> <i></i> https://blog.witness.org </a> </div> </div> <section id="primary" class="content-area entry-content"> <div class="article-default-width"> <ul class="loop_default-posts-list "> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2024/11/from-oral-traditions-to-digital-archives/"> From Oral Traditions to Digital Archives </a> <span class="excerpt"> Archiving in Africa has become crucial in both preserving the past and empowering the future in many different ways and regions. Video stands as one of the most potent tools for storytelling and documenting human rights violations, as it captures the voices and images of affected communities, vividly telling the story of their pain, struggles, and enduring hopes in the face of injustice. </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2024/11/from-oral-traditions-to-digital-archives/" class="date ajaxlink"> November 11, 2024 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2024/05/cataloging-for-video-archiving/"> Cataloging Tools for Human Rights Video Archiving </a> <span class="excerpt"> Written by Ines Aisengart Menezes and Yvonne Ng At WITNESS, one common question we hear from partners and community-based human rights video practitioners that we support on archiving is “What database tool should I use to manage my videos?”. It’s a tricky question, because there isn’t one single correct answer. Usually, our reply is, “It […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2024/05/cataloging-for-video-archiving/" class="date ajaxlink"> May 14, 2024 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2024/05/findings-archiving-survey/"> Findings from our global survey of archiving needs and practices </a> <span class="excerpt"> Written by Ines Aisengart Menezes and Yvonne Ng A key part of WITNESS’s work is to help activists archive and preserve their videos so that they can be used to advance human rights, now and in the future. Over the years, we have consistently heard from partners and peers that archiving is a major gap […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2024/05/findings-archiving-survey/" class="date ajaxlink"> May 8, 2024 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2023/05/generative-ai-africa/"> Fortifying the Truth in the Age of Synthetic Media and Generative AI </a> <span class="excerpt"> Written by Raquel Vazquez Llorente, Jacobo Castellanos, and Nkem Agunwa. In March 2023, WITNESS hosted in Nairobi, Kenya, over 20 journalists, fact-checkers, technologists, policy advocates, creators, human rights defenders and community activists from six African countries: Uganda, Kenya, Ghana, South Africa, Nigeria and Zambia. In our two-day workshop, we discussed threats and opportunities that generative AI […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2023/05/generative-ai-africa/" class="date ajaxlink"> May 17, 2023 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2023/04/video-for-earth-justice/"> Use Video in the Fight for Earth Justice </a> <span class="excerpt"> Written by Dalila Mujagic and Meghana Bahar. This post is dedicated to our ancestors, human and other-than-human, who remind us that to constantly re-root ourselves into the soil is to decolonize justice. We honor the wildness of Mother Earth whom the ancients strove to eternally water. In their memory, we continue the fight for Earth […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2023/04/video-for-earth-justice/" class="date ajaxlink"> April 21, 2023 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2023/03/stop-violence-against-defenders-of-indigenous-people/"> Stop Violence Against Defenders of Indigenous People </a> <span class="excerpt"> Those of us who subscribe to and are members of various community media collectives in Abya Yala, gathered in the network CORAL (Colectivxs Reunidos de América Latina), express our concern and outrage over the recent acts of violence that occurred in the sister Republic of Ecuador and the null protection of the State for those who […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2023/03/stop-violence-against-defenders-of-indigenous-people/" class="date ajaxlink"> March 7, 2023 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2022/03/supporting-survivors-of-sgbv-documenting-evidence/"> Supporting Survivors of Gender-Based Violence: Documenting Evidence </a> <span class="excerpt"> Join us on International Women’s Day 2022 as we continue to spotlight our newest Video as Evidence guide ‘Using Video to Support Justice and Accountability for Survivors of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence’, along with many other resources that will assist you to safely and ethically document evidence of SGBV crimes for deeper justice and accountability. […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2022/03/supporting-survivors-of-sgbv-documenting-evidence/" class="date ajaxlink"> March 8, 2022 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2021/02/%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%af%d8%b1/"> فهم “المصدر” في التحقيقات مفتوحة المصدر </a> <span class="excerpt"> نشرت لأول مرة في Open Global Rights بالإنجليزية، والإسبانية، والعربية في ٢١ يناير ٢٠٢١ كتبت : Libby McAvoy عندما يظهر مقطع فيديو به درجة صادمة من العنف وينتشر على نطاق واسع على الإنترنت، مثل مقاطع فيديو قوات الأمن في العراق وهي تطلق “عبوات غاز مسيل للدموع تصيب رؤوس” المتظاهرين، فإن المحققين مفتوحي المصدر يمشطون المقطع باستخدام تقنيات مثل بحوث السوشيال ميديا […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2021/02/%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%af%d8%b1/" class="date ajaxlink"> February 11, 2021 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2021/02/power-video-2020-police-brutality-africa/"> The Power of Video in 2020: Police Brutality in Africa </a> <span class="excerpt"> Author: Loui Mainga In 2020, debate on increased visibility of police abuse gathered momentum in Africa following their heavy-handedness under the guise of enforcing COVID-19-related restrictions and much later, the #EndSARS protest movement in Nigeria. Given the pivotal role social media is playing in exposing and bringing heightened awareness to police abuse, a number of […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2021/02/power-video-2020-police-brutality-africa/" class="date ajaxlink"> February 11, 2021 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2021/02/centering-the-source-in-open-source-investigation/"> Centering the “source” in open source investigation </a> <span class="excerpt"> Author: Libby McAvoy This article first appeared on Open Global Rights in English, Spanish, and Arabic on January 21, 2021. When a viral video of shocking violence crops up online—such as videos of security forces in Iraq firing “head-splitting tear gas grenades” at protestors—open source investigators comb through the footage with techniques like sophisticated social media research and geolocation to verify […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2021/02/centering-the-source-in-open-source-investigation/" class="date ajaxlink"> February 4, 2021 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/11/archivists-victory-over-overbroad-copyright-claim/"> Archivists’ Victory over Overbroad Copyright Claim </a> <span class="excerpt"> A joint statement from Human Rights Watch, Mnemonic, and WITNESS, with lead authoring by Deborah Brown, Senior Researcher and Advocate on Digital Rights, and Gabriela Ivens, Head of Open Source Research, at Human Rights Watch. November 25, 2020 A decision by GitHub, a leading software development platform, to reinstate a popular free software tool for downloading videos, […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/11/archivists-victory-over-overbroad-copyright-claim/" class="date ajaxlink"> November 25, 2020 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/04/making-your-metadata-matter-part-2/"> Making Your Metadata Matter, Part 2 </a> <span class="excerpt"> We’re pleased to welcome guest bloggers Wendy Betts and Raquel Vazquez Llorente here to share their insights on documentation apps and metadata for legal purposes. Wendy Betts is the Director of eyeWitness to Atrocities, an organization that combines legal and technological expertise to aid investigations and promote accountability for international crimes. Raquel Vazquez Llorente is […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/04/making-your-metadata-matter-part-2/" class="date ajaxlink"> April 7, 2020 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/making-your-metadata-matter/"> Making Your Metadata Matter </a> <span class="excerpt"> Metadata plays a crucial role in authenticating and verifying human rights footage for external audiences. When you are assessing which documentation app to use, it is important you fully understand the metadata collected by the app. This blog outlines the questions we recommend you ask. </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2020/03/making-your-metadata-matter/" class="date ajaxlink"> March 31, 2020 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2019/07/juans-story-part-2/"> Juan’s Story Part 2: Using Video as Evidence in Immigration Proceedings </a> <span class="excerpt"> This post is part of the WITNESS US Program and Media Lab’s series,“Eyes On ICE: Documenting Abuses Against Immigrant Communities.” The following is a case study for the consideration of immigration attorneys, advocates, and community members nationwide thinking through the creative use of video in defending individuals against deportation. The case at hand was filed […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2019/07/juans-story-part-2/" class="date ajaxlink"> July 16, 2019 </a> </span> </li> <li class="loop_default-post-item"> <a class="title ajaxlink" href="https://blog.witness.org/2019/04/who-can-we-trust/"> Who Can We Trust? </a> <span class="excerpt"> I am a young, black, first generation American woman from New York City. Following the indictment of George Zimmerman and the murders of Tamir Rice, Michael Brown, Eric Garner, and Akai Gurley by the police, I began to feel extremely weary of authority figures and fearful of any potential interactions between my family and friends […] </span> <span class="meta"> <a href="https://blog.witness.org/2019/04/who-can-we-trust/" class="date ajaxlink"> April 24, 2019 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="navigation"><p><a href="https://blog.witness.org/author/guest-blogger/page/2/" class="next_link ajaxlink">Next Page <i></i></a></p></div> </div> </section><!-- #primary --> </div><!-- #content --> </div><!-- /scroller-inner --> </div><!-- /scroller --> </div><!-- /pusher --> </div><!-- /container --> <script> function pushmenu() { jQuery('#mp-menu, .scroller').addClass('cbp-spmenu-push-toright'); jQuery( ".push-cover" ).bind( "click", function() { pushmenu_close(); }); } function pushmenu_close() { jQuery('#mp-menu, .scroller').removeClass('cbp-spmenu-push-toright'); } function scrollto(div, time, offset) { if (!time) time = 600; if (!offset) offset = 0; jQuery('html, body').animate({scrollTop: jQuery(div).offset().top + offset}, time); } // back to top and menu buttons --------------------------------------------------------------------------- var previousScroll = 0, headerOrgOffset = jQuery('#top-controls').height(); jQuery(window).scroll(function () { toolbar = jQuery('#top-controls'); var currentScroll = jQuery(this).scrollTop(); if (currentScroll > headerOrgOffset + 500) { if (currentScroll >= previousScroll ) { toolbar.removeClass('animated fadeInDown').addClass('animated fadeOutUp') } else { toolbar.removeClass('animated fadeOutUp').addClass('affix animated veryfast fadeInDown') } } else { toolbar.removeClass('animated affix fadeInDown fadeOutUp') } previousScroll = currentScroll; }); // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- </script> </div><!-- #page --> <script> jQuery(document).on('click', '.ajaxlink > a, a.ajaxlink', function(e) { //jQuery('a.ajaxlink').on('click', function(e) { //jQuery("#loading").show(); href = jQuery(this).attr("href"); if (href == document.URL) return false; loadContent(href); // HISTORY.PUSHSTATE history.pushState('', 'New URL: '+href, href); e.preventDefault(); }); // THIS EVENT MAKES SURE THAT THE BACK/FORWARD BUTTONS WORK AS WELL window.onpopstate = function(event) { if(event.state !== null) { //jQuery("#loading").show(); console.log("pathname: "+location.href); loadContent(location.href); } } function loadContent(url){ // USES JQUERY TO LOAD THE CONTENT div = ''; link = jQuery('a.ajaxlink[href="'+url+'"]'); if (link.attr('data-contentdiv')) div = link.attr('data-contentdiv'); if(!div) div = '#content'; if(!div) { window.location.assign(url); } //url = url + simbolito + 'ajax=1'; jQuery(link).parents('ul').find('li').removeClass('active'); jQuery(link).parents('li').addClass('active'); animate_in = link.attr('data-anim-in') animate_out = link.attr('data-anim-out'); if (!animate_in) animate_in = 'fadeIn'; if (!animate_out) animate_out = 'fadeOut'; simbolito = '&'; if (url.indexOf("?") === -1 ) simbolito = '?'; if (typeof NProgress != "undefined") NProgress.start(); if (typeof NProgress != "undefined") NProgress.set(0.6) jQuery(div).addClass('veryfast animated'); jQuery(div).addClass(animate_out).delay(250).queue(function(){ scrollto('body', 50, 0); if (typeof NProgress != "undefined") NProgress.inc(); }); //jQuery(div).css({'opacity':'0.4'}); jQuery(div).load(url + simbolito + 'ajax=1', function () { jQuery(div).dequeue(); jQuery(window).scroll(); //load fix jQuery(div).removeClass(animate_out).addClass(animate_in).delay(250) .queue(function(){ jQuery(this).removeClass(animate_in); if (typeof NProgress != "undefined") NProgress.done(); jQuery(this).dequeue(); pushmenu_close(); if (link.attr('data-scrollto')) { speed = 500; if(link.attr('data-scrollto-speed')) speed = link.attr('data-scrollto-speed'); offset = -60; if (link.attr('data-scrollto-offset')) offset = link.attr('data-scrollto-offset'); scrollto(link.attr('data-scrollto'), speed, parseFloat(offset)); } (function($) { $.fn.parallax = function(options) { var windowHeight = $(window).height(); // Establish default settings var settings = $.extend({ speed : 0.15 }, options); // Iterate over each object in collection return this.each( function() { // Save a reference to the element var $this = $(this); // Set up Scroll Handler $(document).scroll(function(){ var scrollTop = $(window).scrollTop(); var offset = $this.offset().top; var height = $this.outerHeight(); // Check if above or below viewport if (offset + height <= scrollTop || offset >= scrollTop + windowHeight) { return; } var yBgPosition = Math.round((offset - scrollTop) * settings.speed); // Apply the Y Background Position to Set the Parallax Effect $this.css('background-position', 'center ' + yBgPosition + 'px'); }); }); } }(jQuery)); jQuery('.image-background.image-final.image-in-single-page').parallax({ speed : 0.50 }); jQuery("article p, article blockquote").contentshare({ shareLinks : ["http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?s=100&u="+document.URL+"&title="+document.title+"&summary=" , "http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url="+document.URL+"&text="], }); jQuery.fn.contentshare.defaults.shareable.on('mouseup',function(){ jQuery.fn.contentshare.showTooltip(); }); }); }) } </script> <script> (function($) { $.fn.parallax = function(options) { var windowHeight = $(window).height(); // Establish default settings var settings = $.extend({ speed : 0.15 }, options); // Iterate over each object in collection return this.each( function() { // Save a reference to the element var $this = $(this); // Set up Scroll Handler $(document).scroll(function(){ var scrollTop = $(window).scrollTop(); var offset = $this.offset().top; var height = $this.outerHeight(); // Check if above or below viewport if (offset + height <= scrollTop || offset >= scrollTop + windowHeight) { return; } var yBgPosition = Math.round((offset - scrollTop) * settings.speed); // Apply the Y Background Position to Set the Parallax Effect $this.css('background-position', 'center ' + yBgPosition + 'px'); }); }); } }(jQuery)); jQuery('.image-background.image-final.image-in-single-page').parallax({ speed : 0.50 }); </script> <!-- Matomo --> <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(["setDomains", ["*.blog.witness.org"]]); _paq.push(["enableCrossDomainLinking"]); _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://matomo.witness.org/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'piwik.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '17']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'piwik.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <!-- End Matomo Code --> <div id="jp-carousel-loading-overlay"> <div id="jp-carousel-loading-wrapper"> <span id="jp-carousel-library-loading"> </span> </div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-overlay" style="display: none;"> <div class="jp-carousel-container"> <!-- The Carousel Swiper --> <div class="jp-carousel-wrap swiper-container jp-carousel-swiper-container jp-carousel-transitions" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <div class="jp-carousel swiper-wrapper"></div> <div class="jp-swiper-button-prev swiper-button-prev"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskPrev" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="8" y="6" width="9" height="12"> <path d="M16.2072 16.59L11.6496 12L16.2072 7.41L14.8041 6L8.8335 12L14.8041 18L16.2072 16.59Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskPrev)"> <rect x="0.579102" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="jp-swiper-button-next swiper-button-next"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskNext" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="8" y="6" width="8" height="12"> <path d="M8.59814 16.59L13.1557 12L8.59814 7.41L10.0012 6L15.9718 12L10.0012 18L8.59814 16.59Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskNext)"> <rect x="0.34375" width="23.8822" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </div> </div> <!-- The main close buton --> <div class="jp-carousel-close-hint"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskClose" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="5" y="5" width="15" height="14"> <path d="M19.3166 6.41L17.9135 5L12.3509 10.59L6.78834 5L5.38525 6.41L10.9478 12L5.38525 17.59L6.78834 19L12.3509 13.41L17.9135 19L19.3166 17.59L13.754 12L19.3166 6.41Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskClose)"> <rect x="0.409668" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </div> <!-- Image info, comments and meta --> <div class="jp-carousel-info"> <div class="jp-carousel-info-footer"> <div class="jp-carousel-pagination-container"> <div class="jp-swiper-pagination swiper-pagination"></div> <div class="jp-carousel-pagination"></div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-title-container"> <h2 class="jp-carousel-photo-caption"></h2> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-icons-container"> <a href="#" class="jp-carousel-icon-btn jp-carousel-icon-info" aria-label="Toggle photo metadata visibility"> <span class="jp-carousel-icon"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskInfo" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="2" y="2" width="21" height="20"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M12.7537 2C7.26076 2 2.80273 6.48 2.80273 12C2.80273 17.52 7.26076 22 12.7537 22C18.2466 22 22.7046 17.52 22.7046 12C22.7046 6.48 18.2466 2 12.7537 2ZM11.7586 7V9H13.7488V7H11.7586ZM11.7586 11V17H13.7488V11H11.7586ZM4.79292 12C4.79292 16.41 8.36531 20 12.7537 20C17.142 20 20.7144 16.41 20.7144 12C20.7144 7.59 17.142 4 12.7537 4C8.36531 4 4.79292 7.59 4.79292 12Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskInfo)"> <rect x="0.8125" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </span> </a> <a href="#" class="jp-carousel-icon-btn jp-carousel-icon-comments" aria-label="Toggle photo comments visibility"> <span class="jp-carousel-icon"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskComments" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="2" y="2" width="21" height="20"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.3271 2H20.2486C21.3432 2 22.2388 2.9 22.2388 4V16C22.2388 17.1 21.3432 18 20.2486 18H6.31729L2.33691 22V4C2.33691 2.9 3.2325 2 4.3271 2ZM6.31729 16H20.2486V4H4.3271V18L6.31729 16Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskComments)"> <rect x="0.34668" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> <span class="jp-carousel-has-comments-indicator" aria-label="This image has comments."></span> </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-info-extra"> <div class="jp-carousel-info-content-wrapper"> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-title-container"> <h2 class="jp-carousel-photo-title"></h2> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-comments-wrapper"> <div id="jp-carousel-comments-loading"> <span>Loading Comments...</span> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-comments"></div> <div id="jp-carousel-comment-form-container"> <span id="jp-carousel-comment-form-spinner"> </span> <div id="jp-carousel-comment-post-results"></div> <form id="jp-carousel-comment-form"> <label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field" class="screen-reader-text">Write a Comment...</label> <textarea name="comment" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-textarea" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field" placeholder="Write a Comment..." ></textarea> <div id="jp-carousel-comment-form-submit-and-info-wrapper"> <div id="jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as"> <fieldset> <label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-email-field">Email (Required)</label> <input type="text" name="email" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-text-field" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-email-field" /> </fieldset> <fieldset> <label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-author-field">Name (Required)</label> <input type="text" name="author" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-text-field" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-author-field" /> </fieldset> <fieldset> <label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-url-field">Website</label> <input type="text" name="url" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-text-field" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-url-field" /> </fieldset> </div> <input type="submit" name="submit" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-button" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-button-submit" value="Post Comment" /> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-image-meta"> <div class="jp-carousel-title-and-caption"> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-info"> <h3 class="jp-carousel-caption" itemprop="caption description"></h3> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-description"></div> </div> <ul class="jp-carousel-image-exif" style="display: none;"></ul> <a class="jp-carousel-image-download" href="#" target="_blank" style="display: none;"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="mask0" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="3" y="3" width="19" height="18"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M5.84615 5V19H19.7775V12H21.7677V19C21.7677 20.1 20.8721 21 19.7775 21H5.84615C4.74159 21 3.85596 20.1 3.85596 19V5C3.85596 3.9 4.74159 3 5.84615 3H12.8118V5H5.84615ZM14.802 5V3H21.7677V10H19.7775V6.41L9.99569 16.24L8.59261 14.83L18.3744 5H14.802Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#mask0)"> <rect x="0.870605" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> <span class="jp-carousel-download-text"></span> </a> <div class="jp-carousel-image-map" style="display: none;"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <link rel='stylesheet' id='jetpack-carousel-swiper-css-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/carousel/swiper-bundle.css?ver=14.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='jetpack-carousel-css' href='https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/carousel/jetpack-carousel.css?ver=14.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/theme-features/ajax-navigation/js/nprogress.js?ver=20130115" id="nprogress-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/themes/literatum/theme-features/post-sharecontent/js/combined.js?ver=20130115" id="tooltipster+sharecontent-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202449.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"63639535\",\"post\":\"0\",\"tz\":\"-5\",\"srv\":\"blog.witness.org\",\"j\":\"1:14.0\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "63639535", "0" ]); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-carousel-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var jetpackSwiperLibraryPath = {"url":"https:\/\/blog.witness.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/jetpack\/_inc\/build\/carousel\/swiper-bundle.min.js"}; var jetpackCarouselStrings = {"widths":[370,700,1000,1200,1400,2000],"is_logged_in":"","lang":"en","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/blog.witness.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"94c1bf7c34","display_exif":"0","display_comments":"1","single_image_gallery":"1","single_image_gallery_media_file":"","background_color":"black","comment":"Comment","post_comment":"Post Comment","write_comment":"Write a Comment...","loading_comments":"Loading Comments...","image_label":"Open image in full-screen.","download_original":"View full size <span class=\"photo-size\">{0}<span class=\"photo-size-times\">\u00d7<\/span>{1}<\/span>","no_comment_text":"Please be sure to submit some text with your comment.","no_comment_email":"Please provide an email address to comment.","no_comment_author":"Please provide your name to comment.","comment_post_error":"Sorry, but there was an error posting your comment. Please try again later.","comment_approved":"Your comment was approved.","comment_unapproved":"Your comment is in moderation.","camera":"Camera","aperture":"Aperture","shutter_speed":"Shutter Speed","focal_length":"Focal Length","copyright":"Copyright","comment_registration":"0","require_name_email":"1","login_url":"https:\/\/blog.witness.org\/wp-login.php?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.witness.org%2F2024%2F05%2Fcataloging-for-video-archiving%2F","blog_id":"1","meta_data":["camera","aperture","shutter_speed","focal_length","copyright"]}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://blog.witness.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/build/carousel/jetpack-carousel.min.js?ver=14.0" id="jetpack-carousel-js"></script> </body> </html>