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class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ongoing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ongoing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ongoing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ongoing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Births</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Births-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Births subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–March_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–March_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>January–March</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–March_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April–June_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April–June_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>April–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April–June_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–September_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–September_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>July–September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–September_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Probable" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Probable"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Probable</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Probable-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Deaths subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–March_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–March_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>January–March</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–March_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April–June_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April–June_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>April–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April–June_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–September_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–September_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>July–September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–September_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Probable_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Probable_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Probable</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Probable_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1616</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 163 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-163" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">163 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1616 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1616 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1616 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1616 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B1%DB%B6_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۱۶ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۶۱۶ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC" title="১৬১৬ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৬১৬" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_n%C3%AE" title="1616 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1616 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616." title="1616. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1616." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="1616 ие – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1616 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B1%DB%B6_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۱۶ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۶۱۶ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616%E5%B9%B4" title="1616年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1616年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616%EB%85%84" title="1616년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1616년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC" title="१६१६ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१६१६" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616." title="1616. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1616." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC" title="মারি ১৬১৬ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৬১৬" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1616-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1616-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AC%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AC" title="೧೬೧೬ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೬೧೬" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1616 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1616 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1616 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1616 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1616 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1616 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D0%B8" title="1616 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1616 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616._gads" title="1616. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1616. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1616 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1616 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_m." title="1616 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1616 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC" title="१६१६ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१६१६" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC" title="इ.स. १६१६ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १६१६" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B1%DB%B6" title="۱۶۱۶ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۶۱۶" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1616 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1616 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="1616 он – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="1616 он" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%86%E1%81%81%E1%81%86" title="၁၆၁၆ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၆၁၆" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC" title="सन् १६१६ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १६१६" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616%E5%B9%B4" title="1616年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1616年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1616 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1616 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AC%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AC" title="୧୬୧୬ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୬୧୬" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC" title="१६१६ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१६१६" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1616 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1616 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC" title="१६१६ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१६१६" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616%D8%B9" title="1616ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1616ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A6%D9%A1%D9%A6" title="١٦١٦ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٦١٦" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616." title="1616. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1616." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1616 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1616 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2159" title="พ.ศ. 2159 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2159" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1616" title="Соли 1616 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1616" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616%D8%A1" title="1616ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1616ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AD%E5%B9%B4" title="一六一六年 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="一六一六年" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616%E5%B9%B4" title="1616年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1616年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616%E5%B9%B4" title="1616年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1616年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616%E5%B9%B4" title="1616年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1616年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616" title="1616 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1616" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6788#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Years</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td 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style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:164px;max-width:164px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:205px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Galileo_Galilei_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Galileo_Galilei_2.jpg/162px-Galileo_Galilei_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Galileo_Galilei_2.jpg/243px-Galileo_Galilei_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Galileo_Galilei_2.jpg/324px-Galileo_Galilei_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="886" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:205px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pope_Paul_V.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Pope_Paul_V.jpg/122px-Pope_Paul_V.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Pope_Paul_V.jpg/183px-Pope_Paul_V.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Pope_Paul_V.jpg/244px-Pope_Paul_V.jpg 2x" data-file-width="644" data-file-height="1088" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flow-root"><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/March_11" title="March 11">March 11</a>: Galileo assures Pope Paul V that he won't teach Copernican theory</div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1616" title="Category:1616">1616 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Arts and science</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1610s_in_architecture" title="1610s in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1616_in_art" title="1616 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1616_in_literature" title="1616 in literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1616_in_music" title="1616 in music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1616_in_science" title="1616 in science">Science</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1616" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1616">State leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_17th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 17th century">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_17th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 17th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1616_births" title="Category:1616 births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1616_deaths" title="Category:1616 deaths">Deaths</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1616_establishments" title="Category:1616 establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1616_disestablishments" title="Category:1616 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1616_works" title="Category:1616 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1616 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1616<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCXVI</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2369</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1065<br />ԹՎ ՌԿԵ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6366</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1537–1538</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1022–1023</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2566</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English Regnal year</a></td><td>13 <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">Ja. 1</a> – 14 <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">Ja. 1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2160</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>978</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7124–7125</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">乙卯</a>年 (Wood <a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />4313 or 4106<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />丙辰年 (Fire <a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />4314 or 4107</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1332–1333</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2782</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1608–1609</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5376–5377</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1672–1673</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1537–1538</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4716–4717</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11616</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>616–617</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>994–995</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1024–1025</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Genna" title="Genna">Genna</a> 2<br />(元和２年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1536–1537</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 10 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>3949</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>296 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前296年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>148</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2158–2159</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴木兔年<br />(female Wood-<a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />1742 or 1361 or 589<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阳火龙年<br />(male Fire-<a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />1743 or 1362 or 590</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Essequibo_and_Demerara,_1798.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Map_of_Essequibo_and_Demerara%2C_1798.jpg/220px-Map_of_Essequibo_and_Demerara%2C_1798.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Map_of_Essequibo_and_Demerara%2C_1798.jpg/330px-Map_of_Essequibo_and_Demerara%2C_1798.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Map_of_Essequibo_and_Demerara%2C_1798.jpg/440px-Map_of_Essequibo_and_Demerara%2C_1798.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4027" data-file-height="2709" /></a><figcaption>The Dutch establish the colony of <a href="/wiki/Essequibo_(colony)" title="Essequibo (colony)">Essequibo</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>1616</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCXVI</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Friday" title="Leap year starting on Friday">leap year starting on Friday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Monday" title="Leap year starting on Monday">leap year starting on Monday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1616th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 616th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 16th year of the <a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a>, and the 7th year of the <a href="/wiki/1610s" title="1610s">1610s</a> decade. As of the start of 1616, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – King <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James I of England</a> attends the <a href="/wiki/Masque" title="Masque">masque</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Age_Restored" title="The Golden Age Restored">The Golden Age Restored</a></i>, a satire by <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a> on fallen court favorite the <a href="/wiki/Robert_Carr,_1st_Earl_of_Somerset" title="Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset">Earl of Somerset</a>. The king asks for a repeat performance on <a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_3" title="January 3">January 3</a> – In the court of <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a>, the king's favorite <a href="/wiki/George_Villiers,_1st_Duke_of_Buckingham" title="George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham">George Villiers</a> becomes <a href="/wiki/Master_of_the_Horse" title="Master of the Horse">Master of the Horse</a> (encouraging development of the <a href="/wiki/Thoroughbred" title="Thoroughbred">thoroughbred</a> horse); on <a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">April 24</a> he receives the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Garter" title="Order of the Garter">Order of the Garter</a>; and on <a href="/wiki/August_27" title="August 27">August 27</a> he is created Viscount Villiers and Baron Waddon, receiving a grant of land valued at £80,000. In <a href="/wiki/1617" title="1617">1617</a>, he will be made <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Buckingham" title="Earl of Buckingham">Earl of Buckingham</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/William_Herbert,_3rd_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke">Earl of Pembroke</a>, he is the second richest nobleman in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_10" title="January 10">January 10</a> – English diplomat Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Roe" title="Thomas Roe">Thomas Roe</a> presents his <a href="/wiki/Credentials" class="mw-redirect" title="Credentials">credentials</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Jahangir" title="Jahangir">Jahangir</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Ajmer" title="Ajmer">Ajmer</a> Fort, opening the door to the <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British presence in India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roe sailed in the <i>Lyon</i> under the command of captain <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Newport" title="Christopher Newport">Christopher Newport</a>, best known for his role in the <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Virginia colonies</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_12" title="January 12">January 12</a> – The city of <a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A9m" title="Belém">Belém</a>, Brazil is founded on the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_River" title="Amazon River">Amazon River</a> delta, by Portuguese captain <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Caldeira_Castelo_Branco" title="Francisco Caldeira Castelo Branco">Francisco Caldeira Castelo Branco</a>, who had previously taken the city of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Lu%C3%ADs,_Maranh%C3%A3o" title="São Luís, Maranhão">São Luís</a> in <a href="/wiki/Maranh%C3%A3o" title="Maranhão">Maranhão</a> from the French.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_15" title="January 15">January 15</a> – After overwintering with the <a href="/wiki/Wyandot_people" title="Wyandot people">Huron Indians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_de_Champlain" title="Samuel de Champlain">Samuel de Champlain</a> and Recollect Father <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Le_Caron" title="Joseph Le Caron">Joseph Le Caron</a> visit the <a href="/wiki/Petun" title="Petun">Petun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Indians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottawa Indians">Ottawa Indians</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a>. This is Champlain's last trip in North America before returning to France. Having secured Canada, he helps create <a href="/wiki/French_America" title="French America">French America</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a>, or <a href="/wiki/L%27Acadie" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Acadie">L'Acadie</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">January 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Dutch</a> captain <a href="/wiki/Willem_Schouten" title="Willem Schouten">Willem Schouten</a>, in the <i>Eendracht</i>, rounds the southern tip of South America, and names it <a href="/wiki/Cape_Horn" title="Cape Horn"><i>Kaap Hoorn</i></a>, after his birthplace in <a href="/wiki/Holland" title="Holland">Holland</a>.</li> <li>January – 6-year-old <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Vieira" title="António Vieira">António Vieira</a> arrives from Portugal with his parents in <a href="/wiki/Bahia" title="Bahia">Bahia</a> (modern-day <a href="/wiki/Salvador,_Bahia" title="Salvador, Bahia">Salvador</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Brazil" title="Colonial Brazil">Colonial Brazil</a>, where he will become a <a href="/wiki/Diplomacy" title="Diplomacy">diplomat</a>, noted author, leading figure of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Church</a>, and protector of Brazilian <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">indigenous peoples</a>, in an age of intolerance.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">February 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a> grants <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a> an annual pension of 100 <a href="/wiki/Mark_(money)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark (money)">marks</a>, making him <i>de facto</i> <a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom">poet laureate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_Jonson_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_Jonson-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">February 17</a> – Manchurian leader <a href="/wiki/Nurhaci" title="Nurhaci">Qing Tai Zu</a>, referred to in the west as "Nurhaci", declares himself <a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">khan</a> and crowns himself as Emperor of China, founding the <a href="/wiki/Later_Jin_(1616%E2%80%931636)" title="Later Jin (1616–1636)">Later Jin dynasty</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> - Preparing the declaration of independence from the colony of the Hashimi Empire, namely the Arya Bayu Kingdom by Khan Nasaruddin II, who was crowned in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>,<a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_19" title="February 19">February 19</a> – The first recorded <a href="/wiki/Eruption" class="mw-redirect" title="Eruption">eruption</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mayon_Volcano" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayon Volcano">Mayon Volcano</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>' most active <a href="/wiki/Volcano" title="Volcano">volcano</a>, takes place.<sup id="cite_ref-volcano.si.edu_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-volcano.si.edu-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_24" title="February 24">February 24</a> – A commission of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> theologians, the "Qualifiers," reports that the idea that the Sun is stationary is "foolish and absurd in philosophy, and formally heretical since it explicitly contradicts in many places the sense of Holy Scripture...".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">February 26</a> – Astronomer <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a> appears before Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bellarmine" title="Robert Bellarmine">Roberto Bellarmino</a> and "warned of the error of the <a href="/wiki/Copernicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Copernicus">Copernican</a> opinion taught by him", and <a href="/wiki/Injunction" title="Injunction">enjoined</a> by the Catholic Church against any attempt to hold, teach or defend the position of Copernicus that the Sun is stationary rather than revolving around the Earth "in any way whatsoever, verbally or in writing."<sup id="cite_ref-Holden_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holden-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_28" title="February 28">February 28</a> – In the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/1613" title="1613">1613</a>–<a href="/wiki/1614" title="1614">1614</a> anti-Jewish <a href="/wiki/Pogrom" title="Pogrom">pogrom</a> called the <a href="/wiki/Fettmilch_uprising" title="Fettmilch uprising">Fettmilch uprising</a> in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, Germany, mob leader <a href="/wiki/Vincenz_Fettmilch" title="Vincenz Fettmilch">Vincenz Fettmilch</a> is beheaded, but the Jews, who had been expelled from the city on August 23, 1614, following the plundering of the <a href="/wiki/Judengasse" class="mw-redirect" title="Judengasse">Judengasse</a>, can return only as a result of direct intervention by <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Matthias,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor">Matthias</a>. After long negotiations, the Jews are left without any compensation for their plundered belongings.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February" title="February">February</a> – English merchants of the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a> complain that the great troubles and wars in Japan since their arrival have put them to much pains and charges. Two great cities, <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> and Sakaii, have been burned to the ground, each one almost as big as London, and not one house left standing, and it is reported above 300,000 men have lost their lives, “yet the old Emperor Ogusho Same hath prevailed and Fidaia Same either been slain or fled secretly away, that no news is to be heard of him.” <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a>, priests, and friars are banished by the emperor and their churches and <a href="/wiki/Monasteries" class="mw-redirect" title="Monasteries">monasteries</a> pulled down; they put the fault on the arrival of the English; it is said if Fidaia Same had prevailed against the emperor, he promised them entrance again, when without doubt all the English would have been driven out of Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_5" title="March 5">March 5</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/De_revolutionibus_orbium_coelestium" title="De revolutionibus orbium coelestium">De revolutionibus orbium coelestium</a></i>, written by <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus" title="Nicolaus Copernicus">Nicolaus Copernicus</a> in <a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a> is placed on the <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Forbidden_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Forbidden Books">Index of Forbidden Books</a>, by the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation of the Index">Congregation of the Index</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a> "until corrected".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_11" title="March 11">March 11</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a> meets <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_V" title="Pope Paul V">Pope Paul V</a> in person, to discuss his position as a defender of Copernicus' <a href="/wiki/Heliocentrism" title="Heliocentrism">heliocentrism</a>. The Pope promises Galileo safety from any enemies, and Galileo complies for the next seven years with the injunction against teaching Copernican doctrines.<sup id="cite_ref-Holden_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holden-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>English <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">priest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Atkinson_(priest)" title="Thomas Atkinson (priest)">Thomas Atkinson</a>, is <a href="/wiki/Hanged,_drawn,_and_quartered" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanged, drawn, and quartered">hanged, drawn, and quartered</a> at <a href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</a>, at age 70 (he will be <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">beatified</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> on November 22, 1987).</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_19" title="March 19">March 19</a> <ul><li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Walter_Ralegh" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Ralegh">Walter Ralegh</a>, English explorer of the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>, is released from prison in the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a>, where he has been imprisoned for treason, in order to conduct a second (ill-fated) expedition, in search of <a href="/wiki/El_Dorado" title="El Dorado">El Dorado</a> in South America.<sup id="cite_ref-Pocket_On_This_Day_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pocket_On_This_Day-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Scornful_Lady" title="The Scornful Lady">The Scornful Lady</a>,</i> a comedy stage play written by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Beaumont" title="Francis Beaumont">Francis Beaumont</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Fletcher_(playwright)" title="John Fletcher (playwright)">John Fletcher</a>, is published.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_26" title="March 26">March 26</a>–<a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – English explorer <a href="/wiki/William_Baffin" title="William Baffin">William Baffin</a>, as pilot to <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bylot" title="Robert Bylot">Robert Bylot</a> on the <i><a href="/wiki/Discovery_(1602_ship)" title="Discovery (1602 ship)">Discovery</a></i>, makes a detailed exploration of <a href="/wiki/Baffin_Bay" title="Baffin Bay">Baffin Bay</a>, whilst searching for the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Passage" title="Northwest Passage">Northwest Passage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-The_People's_Chronology_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_People's_Chronology-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The expedition also discovers <a href="/wiki/Smith_Sound" title="Smith Sound">Smith Sound</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Sound" title="Lancaster Sound">Lancaster Sound</a> and <a href="/wiki/Devon_Island" title="Devon Island">Devon Island</a>, and reaches <a href="/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude">latitude</a> 77° 45' North, a record which holds for 236 years.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_31" title="March 31">March 31</a> – Mughal Emperor <a href="/wiki/Jahangir" title="Jahangir">Jahangir</a> confers the title of <a href="/wiki/Nur_Jahan" title="Nur Jahan">Nur Jahan</a> ('Light of the World') on his 20th wife.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March" title="March">March</a> – <a href="/wiki/Action_of_1616" class="mw-redirect" title="Action of 1616">Action of 1616</a>, La Goulette, <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>: A Spanish squadron under Francisco de Ribera defeats a Tunisian fleet.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_25" title="April 25">April 25</a> – Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Coke" title="John Coke">John Coke</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_King%27s_Bench_(England)" title="Court of King's Bench (England)">Court of King's Bench (England)</a>, holds the King's actions in a case of <i><a href="/wiki/In_commendam" title="In commendam">In commendam</a></i> to be illegal.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_3" title="May 3">May 3</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Loudun" title="Treaty of Loudun">Treaty of Loudun</a> is signed, ending a series of rebellions in France.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> – King <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a>'s former favourite, the <a href="/wiki/Robert_Carr,_1st_Earl_of_Somerset" title="Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset">Earl of Somerset</a>, and his wife <a href="/wiki/Frances_Carr,_Countess_of_Somerset" title="Frances Carr, Countess of Somerset">Frances</a>, are convicted of the murder of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Overbury" title="Thomas Overbury">Thomas Overbury</a> in <a href="/wiki/1613" title="1613">1613</a>. They are spared death, and are sentenced to imprisonment in the Tower of London (until <a href="/wiki/1622" title="1622">1622</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the King has ordered the investigation of the poet's murder and allowed his former court favorite to be arrested and tried, his court, now under the influence of <a href="/wiki/George_Villiers,_1st_Duke_of_Buckingham" title="George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham">George Villiers</a>, gains the reputation of being corrupt and vile. The sale of peerages (beginning in July)<sup id="cite_ref-CBH1616_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBH1616-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the royal visit of James's brother-in-law, <a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV of Denmark</a>, a notorious drunkard, add further scandal.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_12" title="June 12">June 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pocahontas" title="Pocahontas">Pocahontas</a> (now Rebecca) arrives in England, with her husband, <a href="/wiki/John_Rolfe" title="John Rolfe">John Rolfe</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> their one-year-old son, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rolfe" title="Thomas Rolfe">Thomas Rolfe</a>, her half-sister Matachanna (alias Cleopatra) and brother-in-law <i><a href="/wiki/Tomocomo" title="Tomocomo">Tomocomo</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Shaman" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaman">shaman</a> also known as Uttamatomakkin (having set out in May). Ten <a href="/wiki/Powhatan" title="Powhatan">Powhatan</a> <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Indians</a> are brought by Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dale" title="Thomas Dale">Thomas Dale</a>, the colonial governor, at the request of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Company" title="Virginia Company">Virginia Company</a>, as a fund-raising device. Dale, having been recalled under criticism, writes <i>A True Relation of the State of Virginia, Left by Sir Thomas Dale, Knight, in May last, 1616</i>, in a successful effort to redeem his leadership. Neither Pocahontas or Dale see Virginia again.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_6" title="July 6">July 6</a> – First recorded eruption of <a href="/wiki/Manam_Motu" title="Manam Motu">Manam Volcano</a> (erupting frequently since), forming a 10-km-wide island in the <a href="/wiki/Bismarck_Sea" title="Bismarck Sea">Bismarck Sea</a>, 13 km (8.1 mi) off coast of <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a>, in the southwestern part of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ring_of_Fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Ring of Fire">Pacific Ring of Fire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-volcano.si.edu_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-volcano.si.edu-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_20" title="July 20">July 20</a> – The death of <a href="/wiki/Hugh_O%27Neill,_2nd_Earl_of_Tyrone" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone">Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone</a>, in exile in Rome, ends the <a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a> from Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Donnell1915_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Donnell1915-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bakufu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakufu">Bakufu</a>) in Japan forbids foreigners other than Chinese from traveling freely, or trading outside of the ports of <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hirado" class="mw-redirect" title="Hirado">Hirado</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">September 15</a> – The first non-aristocratic, free public school in Europe is opened in <a href="/wiki/Frascati" title="Frascati">Frascati</a>, Italy.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_10" title="October 10">October 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sakazaki_Naomori" title="Sakazaki Naomori">Sakazaki Naomori</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iwami_Province" title="Iwami Province">Iwami</a> <a href="/wiki/Tsuwano_han" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsuwano han">Tsuwano han</a> commits suicide after failing to kidnap <a href="/wiki/Princess_Sen" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Sen">Princess Sen</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_25" title="October 25">October 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Hartog" title="Dirk Hartog">Dirk Hartog</a> makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Hartog_Island" title="Dirk Hartog Island">Dirk Hartog Island</a> off the Western Australian coast, and the <a href="/wiki/Pewter" title="Pewter">pewter</a> <a href="/wiki/Hartog_Plate" title="Hartog Plate">Hartog Plate</a> is left to mark the landfall of the Dutch ship <i><a href="/wiki/Eendracht_(1615_ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eendracht (1615 ship)">Eendracht</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October" title="October">October</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Donne" title="John Donne">John Donne</a> is appointed as Reader in Divinity at his old <a href="/wiki/Inns_of_Court" title="Inns of Court">inn of court</a> in London, <a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn" title="Lincoln's Inn">Lincoln's Inn</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_James%27s_School,_Knaresborough" title="King James's School, Knaresborough">King James's School, Knaresborough</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire" title="Yorkshire">Yorkshire</a> is founded by Dr. Robert Chaloner, and the charter is signed by King James I of England.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October" title="October">October</a>/<a href="/wiki/November" title="November">November</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a>'s satirical five-act comedy, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Devil_is_an_Ass" class="mw-redirect" title="The Devil is an Ass">The Devil is an Ass</a></i>, is produced at the <a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_Theatre" title="Blackfriars Theatre">Blackfriars Theatre</a> in London by the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Men_(playing_company)" title="King's Men (playing company)">King's Men</a>, poking fun at contemporary credence in witchcraft and <a href="/wiki/Middlesex" title="Middlesex">Middlesex</a> juries.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Prince Charles</a> (15-year-old surviving son of <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a>) is invested as <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a> at <a href="/wiki/Whitehall" title="Whitehall">Whitehall</a> in London, the last such formal investiture until <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_5" title="November 5">November 5</a> – Bishop <a href="/wiki/Lancelot_Andrewes" title="Lancelot Andrewes">Lancelot Andrewes</a> preaches the annual <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder_Plot" title="Gunpowder Plot">Gunpowder Treason</a> sermon before King <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a> at <a href="/wiki/Whitehall" title="Whitehall">Whitehall</a>, both having been intended victims of the plot.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">November 6</a>–<a href="/wiki/November_25" title="November 25">25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a>'s works are published in a collected <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson_folios" title="Ben Jonson folios">folio</a> edition (the first of any English playwright).<sup id="cite_ref-CBH1616_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBH1616-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">November 6</a> – Captain William Murray is granted a royal <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patent</a>, giving him the sole privilege of importing <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a> to Scotland for a period of 21 years. Continuing from the reign of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Elizabeth I of England</a>, the creation of grants and patents reaches a new highwater mark from <a href="/wiki/1614" title="1614">1614</a> to <a href="/wiki/1621" title="1621">1621</a>, during the reign of <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_13" title="November 13">November 13</a> – Italian artist <a href="/wiki/Guido_Reni" title="Guido Reni">Guido Reni</a>'s famous <i>Pietà</i>, commissioned by the Senate of <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a>, is placed on the greater altar of the church of Santa Maria della Pietà.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_14" title="November 14">November 14</a> – In England, Sir <a href="/wiki/Edward_Coke" title="Edward Coke">Edward Coke</a> is dismissed as <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chief_Justice_of_England_and_Wales" title="Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales">Chief Justice of the King's Bench</a> by royal prerogative.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_16" title="November 16">November 16</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Tepehu%C3%A1n_Revolt" title="Tepehuán Revolt">Tepehuán Revolt</a> begins in Nueva Vizcaya with the attack of a Spanish wagon train that is on its way to Mexico City. It tests the limits of Spanish and <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonialism</a>, in western and northwestern <a href="/wiki/Durango" title="Durango">Durango</a> and southern <a href="/wiki/Chihuahua_(state)" title="Chihuahua (state)">Chihuahua</a>, Mexico. <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Antonio_de_Dominis" title="Marco Antonio de Dominis">Marco Antonio de Dominis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a> of the See of Spalato and <a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">Primate</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a>, having run afoul of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_V" title="Pope Paul V">Pope Paul V</a> over secular matters relating to <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, submits to King <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a> and later becomes Dean of Windsor.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_30" title="November 30">November 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Richelieu" title="Cardinal Richelieu">Cardinal Richelieu</a>, Armand-Jean du Plessis, is named French <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a> by young king <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis XIII</a>. Richelieu will change France into a unified centralised state, able to resist both England and the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg Empire</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November" title="November">November</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Peter Paul Rubens</a> begins work on classical <a href="/wiki/Tapestry" title="Tapestry">tapestries</a>, when a contract is signed in <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a> with cloth dyers Jan Raes and Frans Sweerts in Brussels, and the <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoese</a> merchant Franco Cattaneo.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a>, at age 20, graduates in <a href="/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)" title="Civil law (legal system)">civil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">canon law</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Poitiers" title="University of Poitiers">University of Poitiers</a>, where he becomes disillusioned with books, preferring to seek truths from "le grand livre du monde." His thesis defense may be written in December.</li> <li>With small profits to show, the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Company" title="Virginia Company">Virginia Company</a> decides to distribute land in <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Shareholder" title="Shareholder">shareholders</a> according to the number of shares owned. Each stockholder can set up a "particular" plantation and pay associated expenses, receiving 100 acres (0.40 km<sup>2</sup>) of land for each share and 50 acres (200,000 m<sup>2</sup>) for each person transported (the "headrights" system).</li> <li>Scholar <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burton_(scholar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Burton (scholar)">Robert Burton</a> is made <a href="/wiki/Vicar" title="Vicar">vicar</a> of <a href="/wiki/St_Thomas_the_Martyr%27s_Church,_Oxford" title="St Thomas the Martyr's Church, Oxford">St Thomas the Martyr's Church, Oxford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> – An <a href="/wiki/School_Establishment_Act_1616" title="School Establishment Act 1616">ordinance</a> establishes <a href="/wiki/Parish#Scotland" title="Parish">parish</a> schools in Scotland. The same act of the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council">Privy Council</a> commends the abolition of <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Gaelic</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_18" title="December 18">December 18</a> – A widely reported earthquake occurs in <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a>, Germany (also dated <a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">December 22</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">December 22</a> – An Indian youth (called one of "the first fruits of India") is baptized with the name "Peter" in London at the St. Dionis Backchurch, in a ceremony attended by the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_London" title="Lord Mayor of London">Lord Mayor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council">Privy Council</a>, city aldermen, and officials of the <a href="/wiki/Honourable_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Honourable East India Company">Honourable East India Company</a>. Peter thus becomes the first convert to the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican Church">Anglican Church</a> in India. He returns to India as a missionary, schooled in English and Latin.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_25" title="December 25">December 25</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Father_Christmas" title="Father Christmas">Father Christmas</a>" is a main character of <i><a href="/wiki/Christmas,_His_Masque" title="Christmas, His Masque">Christmas, His Masque</a></i>, written by <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a> and presented at the court of King <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a>. Father Christmas is considered a <a href="/wiki/Papist" class="mw-redirect" title="Papist">papist</a> symbol by <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a>, and later banished from England until the <a href="/wiki/English_Restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="English Restoration">English Restoration</a>. The traditional, comical costume for this jolly figure, as well as regional names, indicate that he is descended from the presenter of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">medieval</a> <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Fools" title="Feast of Fools">Feast of Fools</a>.</li> <li>Captain <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Courthope" title="Nathaniel Courthope">Nathaniel Courthope</a> reaches the <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">nutmeg</a>-rich island of <a href="/wiki/Run_(island)" title="Run (island)">Run</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Moluccas" class="mw-redirect" title="Moluccas">Moluccas</a>, to defend it against the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a>. A contract with the inhabitants, accepting <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a> as their sovereign, makes it part of the <a href="/wiki/English_colonial_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="English colonial empire">English colonial empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December" title="December">December</a> – In the Middle East, traveller <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Della_Valle" title="Pietro Della Valle">Pietro Della Valle</a> marries Jowaya, daughter of a <a href="/wiki/Nestorian_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestorian Christian">Nestorian Christian</a> father and an <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenian</a> mother, in <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>. The couple then sets off (<a href="/wiki/1617" title="1617">1617</a>) to find the Shah in <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_I%27s_Kakhetian_and_Kartlian_campaigns" title="Abbas I's Kakhetian and Kartlian campaigns">Abbas I's Kakhetian and Kartlian campaigns</a> occur as progressive combats. <a href="/wiki/Abbas_I_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbas I of Persia">Abbas I of Persia</a> captures <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a> following a conflict with the <a href="/wiki/Georgians" title="Georgians">Georgian</a> soldiers and the general populace. After the capture of Tbilisi, Abbas I confronts an <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> army. The battle takes place near <a href="/wiki/Lake_Sevan" title="Lake Sevan">Lake Gökçe</a>, and results in a <a href="/wiki/Safavid_dynasty" title="Safavid dynasty">Safavid</a> victory.</li> <li><i>Oorsprong en voortgang der Nederlandtscher beroerten</i> (<i>Origin and progress of the disturbances in the Netherlands</i>), by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Gysius" title="Johannes Gysius">Johannes Gysius</a>, is published.<sup id="cite_ref-WDL_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WDL-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Collegium_Musicum" title="Collegium Musicum">Collegium Musicum</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>.</li> <li>Physician <a href="/wiki/Aleixo_de_Abreu" title="Aleixo de Abreu">Aleixo de Abreu</a> is granted a pension of 16,000 reis, for services to the crown in <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Philip III of Spain</a>, who also appoints him physician of his chamber.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngawang_Namgyal" title="Ngawang Namgyal">Ngawang Namgyal</a> arrives in <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>, having escaped <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a> is appointed part of the household guard of King <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIII of France">Louis XIII of France</a>.</li> <li>Week-long festivities in honor of the Prince of <a href="/wiki/Urbano_Barberini_(1664%E2%80%931722)" title="Urbano Barberini (1664–1722)">Urbano</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Barberini_family" title="Barberini family">Barberini family</a>, occur in <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Richard Steel and John Crowther complete their journey from Ajmeer in the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a> to <a href="/wiki/Ispahan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ispahan">Ispahan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(explorer)" title="John Smith (explorer)">Captain John Smith</a> publishes his book <i><a href="/wiki/A_description_of_New_England" class="mw-redirect" title="A description of New England">A description of New England</a></i> in London. Smith relates one voyage to the coast of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a>, in <a href="/wiki/1614" title="1614">1614</a>, and an attempted voyage in <a href="/wiki/1615" title="1615">1615</a>, when he was captured by French <a href="/wiki/Pirate" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirate">pirates</a> and detained for several months before escaping.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a> <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a> or <a href="/wiki/Leptospirosis" title="Leptospirosis">leptospirosis</a> epidemic of 1616–<a href="/wiki/1619" title="1619">19</a> begins to depopulate the region, killing an estimated 90% of the coastal native peoples.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Slave" class="mw-redirect" title="Slave">slave</a> ship carries <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kongo" title="Kingdom of Kongo">Kingdom of Kongo</a> to <a href="/wiki/Salvador,_Bahia" title="Salvador, Bahia">Salvador</a>, Brazil.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In England, <a href="/wiki/Louse" title="Louse">louse</a>-borne <a href="/wiki/Epidemic_typhus" title="Epidemic typhus">epidemic typhus</a> ravages the poor and crowded.</li> <li>A fatal disease of cattle, probably <a href="/wiki/Rinderpest" title="Rinderpest">rinderpest</a>, spreads through the Italian provinces of <a href="/wiki/Padua" title="Padua">Padua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Udine" title="Udine">Udine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treviso" title="Treviso">Treviso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vicenza" title="Vicenza">Vicenza</a>, introduced most likely from <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a> or Hungary. Great numbers of cattle die in Italy, as they had in previous years (<a href="/wiki/1559" title="1559">1559</a>, <a href="/wiki/1562" title="1562">1562</a>, <a href="/wiki/1566" title="1566">1566</a>, <a href="/wiki/1590" title="1590">1590</a>, <a href="/wiki/1598" title="1598">1598</a>) in other European regions when <a href="/wiki/Little_Ice_Age" title="Little Ice Age">harvest failure</a> also drives people to the brink of starvation (for example, <a href="/wiki/1595" title="1595">1595</a>–<a href="/wiki/1597" title="1597">97</a> in Germany). The consumption of beef and veal is prohibited, and <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_V" title="Pope Paul V">Pope Paul V</a> issues an edict prohibiting the slaughter of draught oxen that are suitable for plowing. Calves are also not slaughtered for some time afterwards, so that Italy's cattle herds can be replenished.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>At the behest of Sir <a href="/wiki/Ferdinando_Gorges" title="Ferdinando Gorges">Ferdinando Gorges</a>, Dr. Richard Vines, a physician, passes the winter of 1616–<a href="/wiki/1617" title="1617">17</a> at <a href="/wiki/Biddeford,_Maine" title="Biddeford, Maine">Biddeford, Maine</a>, at the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Saco_River" title="Saco River">Saco River</a>, that he calls Winter Harbor. This is the site of the earliest permanent settlement in Maine, of which there is a conclusive record. Maine will become an important refuge for religious dissenters persecuted by the <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Florida" title="Spanish Florida">Spanish Florida</a>, the Cofa Mission at the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Suwannee_River" title="Suwannee River">Suwannee River</a> disappears.</li> <li>The first African <a href="/wiki/Slaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Slaves">slaves</a> are brought to <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, an English <a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">colony</a>, by Captain George Bargrave to dive for <a href="/wiki/Pearl" title="Pearl">pearls</a>, because of their reputed skill in this activity. Harvesting pearls off the coast proves unsuccessful, and the slaves are put to work planting and harvesting the initial large crops of <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, some English refuse to purchase Brazilian sugar because it is produced by slave labour.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Italian <a href="/wiki/Natural_philosophy" title="Natural philosophy">natural philosopher</a> <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Cesare_Vanini" class="mw-redirect" title="Giulio Cesare Vanini">Giulio Cesare Vanini</a> publishes a radically <a href="/wiki/Heterodoxy" title="Heterodoxy">heterodox</a> book in France, after his English interlude <i>De admirandis naturae reginae deaeque mortalium arcanis,</i> for which he is condemned and forced to flee Paris. For his opinion that the world is eternal and governed by immanent laws, as expressed in this book, he is executed in <a href="/wiki/1619" title="1619">1619</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Albani" title="Francesco Albani">Francesco Albani</a> paints the ceiling frescoes of <i>Apollo and the Seasons</i>, at the Palazzo Verospi in <a href="/wiki/Via_del_Corso" title="Via del Corso">Via del Corso</a>, for Cardinal Fabrizio Verospi.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethan" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabethan">Elizabethan</a> <a href="/wiki/Polymath" title="Polymath">polymath</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemist</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fludd" title="Robert Fludd">Robert Fludd</a> publishes his first book, <i>Apologia Compendiaria, Fraternitatem de Rosea Cruce suspicionis … maculis aspersam, veritatis quasi Fluctibus abluens,</i> which was a defense of the ideas of the <a href="/wiki/Rosicrucianism" title="Rosicrucianism">Rosicrucians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Valentinus_Andreae" title="Johannes Valentinus Andreae">Johannes Valentinus Andreae</a> claims to be the author of <i><a href="/wiki/Chymical_Wedding_of_Christian_Rosenkreutz" title="Chymical Wedding of Christian Rosenkreutz">Chymische Hochzeit Christiani Rosencreutz Anno 1459</a></i> published in <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_the_early_modern_period" title="Witch trials in the early modern period">Witch trials</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Cotta" title="John Cotta">John Cotta</a> writes his influential book <i>The Triall of Witch-craft.</i></li> <li>Elizabeth Rutter is <a href="/wiki/Hanging" title="Hanging">hanged</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Witch" class="mw-redirect" title="Witch">witch</a> in <a href="/wiki/Middlesex" title="Middlesex">Middlesex</a>, England, Agnes Berrye in <a href="/wiki/Enfield_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfield Town">Enfield</a>, and nine women in <a href="/wiki/Leicester" title="Leicester">Leicester</a> on the testimony of a raving 13-year-old named John Smith, under the <a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_Act_1603" class="mw-redirect" title="Witchcraft Act 1603">Witchcraft Act 1603</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elspeth_Reoch" title="Elspeth Reoch">Elspeth Reoch</a> is tried. In France Leger (first name unknown) is condemned for <a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">witchcraft</a> on <a href="/wiki/May_6" title="May 6">May 6</a>, Sylvanie de la Plaine is burned at Pays de Labourde as a witch, and in <a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Orléans">Orléans</a> eighteen witches are killed.</li> <li>A second <a href="/wiki/Witch-hunt" class="mw-redirect" title="Witch-hunt">witch-hunt</a> breaks out in <a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a>, Spain. An Edict of Silence is issued by the <a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Inquisition</a>, but the king overturns the Edict, and 300 accused witches are burned alive.</li></ul></li> <li>Latest probable date of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Middleton" title="Thomas Middleton">Thomas Middleton</a> composition of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Witch_(play)" title="The Witch (play)">The Witch</a></i>, a tragicomedy that may have entered into the present-day text of <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Drink to me only with thine eyes" comes from <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a>'s love poem, <i><a href="/wiki/To_Celia" class="mw-redirect" title="To Celia">To Celia</a></i>. Jonson's poetic lamentation <i>On my first Sonne</i> is also from this year.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_de_Sales" title="Francis de Sales">Francis de Sales</a>' literary masterpiece <i>Treatise on the Love of God</i> is published, while he is Bishop of <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Gibbons" title="Orlando Gibbons">Orlando Gibbons</a>' anthem <i>See, the Word is Incarnate</i> is written.</li> <li>Italian naturalist Fabio Colonna states that "tongue stones" (glossopetrae) are <a href="/wiki/Shark" title="Shark">shark</a> teeth, in his treatise <i>De glossopetris dissertatio</i>.</li> <li>An important English dictionary is published by Dr. <a href="/wiki/John_Bullokar" title="John Bullokar">John Bullokar</a> with the title <i><a href="/wiki/An_English_Expositor" title="An English Expositor">An English Expositor</a>: teaching the interpretation of the hardest words used in our language, with sundry explications, descriptions and discourses</i>.</li> <li>English mathematician <a href="/wiki/Henry_Briggs_(mathematician)" title="Henry Briggs (mathematician)">Henry Briggs</a> goes to <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, to show <a href="/wiki/John_Napier" title="John Napier">John Napier</a> his efficient method of finding <a href="/wiki/Logarithm" title="Logarithm">logarithms</a>, by the continued extraction of <a href="/wiki/Square_root" title="Square root">square roots</a>.</li> <li>Moralist writer John Deacon publishes a <a href="/wiki/Quarto" title="Quarto">quarto</a> entitled <i><a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">Tobacco</a> Tortured in the Filthy Fumes of Tobacco Refined</i> (supporting the views of <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a>). Deacon writes the same year that <a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">syphilis</a> is a "Turkished", "Spanished", or "Frenchized" disease that the English contract by "trafficking with the contagious courruptions."</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunio_Liceti" title="Fortunio Liceti">Fortunio Liceti</a> publishes <i>De Monstruorum Natura</i> in Italy, which marks the beginning of studies into malformations of the <a href="/wiki/Embryo" title="Embryo">embryo</a>.</li> <li>Dutch traders smuggle the <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a> plant out of <a href="/wiki/Mocha,_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mocha, Yemen">Mocha</a>, a port in <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a>, and cultivate it at the <a href="/wiki/Hortus_Botanicus_(Amsterdam)" title="Hortus Botanicus (Amsterdam)">Amsterdam Botanical Gardens</a>. The Dutch later introduce it to <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Baqir_Majlisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Baqir Majlisi">Muhammad Baqir Majlisi</a>, known as <i>Allameh Majlesi</i>, is born in the city of <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a>.</li> <li>Fort San Diego, in <a href="/wiki/Acapulco" title="Acapulco">Acapulco</a> Bay, Mexico, is completed by the Spanish as a defence against their erstwhile <a href="/wiki/Vassals" class="mw-redirect" title="Vassals">vassals</a>, the Dutch.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Anti-Christian persecutions break out in <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>, China, and <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a>, Japan. The <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a>-lead Christian community in Japan at this time is over 3,000,000 strong.</li> <li>Master seafarer <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mainwaring" title="Henry Mainwaring">Henry Mainwaring</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a> graduate and lawyer turned successful Newfoundland <a href="/wiki/Pirate" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirate">pirate</a>, returns to England, is pardoned after rescuing a Newfoundland trading fleet near Gibraltar, and begins to write a revealing treatise on <a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">piracy</a>.</li> <li>The first <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thai</a> embassy to Japan arrives.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Harvey" title="William Harvey">William Harvey</a> gives his views on the <a href="/wiki/Circulation_of_blood" class="mw-redirect" title="Circulation of blood">circulation of blood</a>, as <a href="/wiki/Lumleian_Lecturer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lumleian Lecturer">Lumleian Lecturer</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Physicians" title="Royal College of Physicians">Royal College of Physicians</a>. It is not until <a href="/wiki/1628" title="1628">1628</a> that he gives his views in print.</li> <li>The Dutch establish their colony of <a href="/wiki/Essequibo_(colony)" title="Essequibo (colony)">Essequibo</a>, in the region of the <a href="/wiki/Essequibo_River" title="Essequibo River">Essequibo River</a>, in northern South America (present-day <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>), for <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a> production. The colony is protected by <a href="/wiki/Fort_Kyk-Over-Al" title="Fort Kyk-Over-Al">Fort Kyk-Over-Al</a>, now in ruins. The Dutch also map the <a href="/wiki/Delaware_River" title="Delaware River">Delaware River</a> in North America.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> attempts landings at the shoreline between <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz" title="Cádiz">Cádiz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatian</a> mathematician Faustus Verantius publishes his book <i>Machinae novae,</i> a book of mechanical and technological inventions, some of which are applicable to the solutions of hydrological problems, and others concern the construction of <a href="/wiki/Water_clock" title="Water clock">clepsydras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sundial" title="Sundial">sundials</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mill_(grinding)" title="Mill (grinding)">mills</a>, presses bridges and boats for widely different uses.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Speed" title="John Speed">John Speed</a> publishes an edition of his <i><a href="/wiki/Atlas" title="Atlas">Atlas</a> of Britain</i>, with descriptive text in Latin.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Vernier" title="Pierre Vernier">Pierre Vernier</a> is employed, with his father, in making fine-scale <a href="/wiki/Map" title="Map">maps</a> of France (<a href="/wiki/Franche-Comt%C3%A9" title="Franche-Comté">Franche-Comté</a> area).</li> <li>Danish <a href="/wiki/Natural_philosopher" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural philosopher">natural philosopher</a> <a href="/wiki/Ole_Worm" title="Ole Worm">Ole Worm</a> collects materials that will later be incorporated into his <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_curiosities" title="Cabinet of curiosities">museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a>. His museum is the nucleus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Copenhagen_Zoological_Museum" title="University of Copenhagen Zoological Museum">University of Copenhagen Zoological Museum</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Beeckman" title="Isaac Beeckman">Isaac Beeckman</a>, Dutch intellectual and future friend of <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a>, leaves his candle factory in <a href="/wiki/Zierikzee" title="Zierikzee">Zierikzee</a>, to return to <a href="/wiki/Middelburg,_Zeeland" title="Middelburg, Zeeland">Middelburg</a> to study medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a>, the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Sassari" title="University of Sassari">University of Sassari</a> is founded.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini" title="Gian Lorenzo Bernini">Gian Lorenzo Bernini</a> sculpts <i>Bacchanal: A Faun Teased by Children</i>, at the age of 18 years. This work is now in New York, at the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/States_of_Holland" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Holland">States of Holland</a> set up a commission to advise them on the problem of Jewish residency and worship. One of the members of the commission is <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Grotius" title="Hugo Grotius">Hugo Grotius</a>, a highly regarded jurist and one of the most important political thinkers of his day.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Venier" class="mw-redirect" title="Marie Venier">Marie Venier</a> (called Laporte) is the first female actress to appear on the stage in Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> astronomer <a href="/wiki/Christoph_Scheiner" title="Christoph Scheiner">Christoph Scheiner</a> becomes the advisor to <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_III,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria">Archduke Maximilian</a>, brother of <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor">Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. A lifelong enemy of Galileo, following a dispute over the nature of <a href="/wiki/Sunspot" title="Sunspot">sunspots</a>, Scheiner is credited with reopening the 1616 accusations against Galileo in 1633.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Campanella" title="Tommaso Campanella">Tommaso Campanella</a>'s book <i>In Defence of Galileo</i> is written.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Ahmed_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Ahmed Mosque">Sultan Ahmed Mosque</a> (also known as the <i>Blue Mosque</i>) is completed during the rule of <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_I" title="Ahmed I">Ahmed I</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> of Youssef Deyis is built. Today it has an octagonal <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">minaret</a> crowned with a miniature green-tiled <a href="/wiki/Pyramid" title="Pyramid">pyramid</a> for a roof.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inigo_Jones" title="Inigo Jones">Inigo Jones</a> designs the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_House" title="Queen's House">Queen's House</a> at <a href="/wiki/Greenwich" title="Greenwich">Greenwich</a>, near London.<sup id="cite_ref-The_People's_Chronology_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_People's_Chronology-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Barlow" title="Ambrose Barlow">Ambrose Barlow</a>, recently graduated from the College of Saint Gregory, <a href="/wiki/Douai" title="Douai">Douai</a>, France, and the Royal College of Saint Alban in <a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a>, Spain, enters the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Benedict" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Saint Benedict">Order of Saint Benedict</a>. In <a href="/wiki/1641" title="1641">1641</a> he will be martyred in England.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Vaughan,_1st_Earl_of_Carbery" title="John Vaughan, 1st Earl of Carbery">John Vaughan, 1st Earl of Carbery</a> is appointed to the post of <a href="/wiki/Comptroller" title="Comptroller">comptroller</a>, in the newly formed household of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Prince Charles</a> in England; Vaughan later claims that serving the Prince has cost him £20,000.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ongoing">Ongoing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ongoing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Uskok_War" title="Uskok War">Uskok War</a> (1615–1618) continues between the Austrians and Spanish (<a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg Empire</a>) on one side, and the <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venetians</a>, Dutch, and English on the other. An Austro-Turkish treaty is signed in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>, under which the Austrians are granted the right to navigate the middle and lower <a href="/wiki/Danube_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Danube River">Danube River</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ferdinand_Bol.Self-portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ferdinand_Bol.Self-portrait.jpg/110px-Ferdinand_Bol.Self-portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ferdinand_Bol.Self-portrait.jpg/165px-Ferdinand_Bol.Self-portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ferdinand_Bol.Self-portrait.jpg/220px-Ferdinand_Bol.Self-portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4740" data-file-height="5902" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Bol" title="Ferdinand Bol">Ferdinand Bol</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JohnLeverettInMilitaryUniform.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/JohnLeverettInMilitaryUniform.jpg/120px-JohnLeverettInMilitaryUniform.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/JohnLeverettInMilitaryUniform.jpg/250px-JohnLeverettInMilitaryUniform.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="690" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Leverett" title="John Leverett">John Leverett</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:In_Effigiam_Nicholai_Culpeper_Equitis_by_Richard_Gaywood.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/In_Effigiam_Nicholai_Culpeper_Equitis_by_Richard_Gaywood.jpg/110px-In_Effigiam_Nicholai_Culpeper_Equitis_by_Richard_Gaywood.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/In_Effigiam_Nicholai_Culpeper_Equitis_by_Richard_Gaywood.jpg/165px-In_Effigiam_Nicholai_Culpeper_Equitis_by_Richard_Gaywood.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/In_Effigiam_Nicholai_Culpeper_Equitis_by_Richard_Gaywood.jpg/220px-In_Effigiam_Nicholai_Culpeper_Equitis_by_Richard_Gaywood.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1014" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Culpeper" title="Nicholas Culpeper">Nicholas Culpeper</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Wallis_by_Sir_Godfrey_Kneller,_Bt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/John_Wallis_by_Sir_Godfrey_Kneller%2C_Bt.jpg/120px-John_Wallis_by_Sir_Godfrey_Kneller%2C_Bt.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/John_Wallis_by_Sir_Godfrey_Kneller%2C_Bt.jpg/250px-John_Wallis_by_Sir_Godfrey_Kneller%2C_Bt.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Wallis" title="John Wallis">John Wallis</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March_2"><span id="January.E2.80.93March_2"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nabeshima_Naozumi" title="Nabeshima Naozumi">Nabeshima Naozumi</a>, Japanese <i><a href="/wiki/Daimy%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimyō">daimyō</a></i> (d. <a href="/wiki/1669" title="1669">1669</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_5" title="January 5">January 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Bournonville" title="Alexander von Bournonville">Alexander von Bournonville</a>, Flemish noble and general (d. <a href="/wiki/1690" title="1690">1690</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_13" title="January 13">January 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Antoinette_Bourignon" title="Antoinette Bourignon">Antoinette Bourignon</a>, French-Flemish mystic and adventurer (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_16" title="January 16">January 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Vend%C3%B4me,_Duke_of_Beaufort" class="mw-redirect" title="François de Vendôme, Duke of Beaufort">François de Vendôme, Duke of Beaufort</a>, French soldier (d. <a href="/wiki/1669" title="1669">1669</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">January 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Sebastian_Lubomirski" title="Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski">Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski</a>, Polish noble (szlachcic) (d. <a href="/wiki/1667" title="1667">1667</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">January 27</a> or <a href="/wiki/January_28" title="January 28">January 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christen_Aagaard" title="Christen Aagaard">Christen Aagaard</a>, Danish poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1664" title="1664">1664</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">February 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sophie_Elisabeth_of_Brandenburg" title="Sophie Elisabeth of Brandenburg">Sophie Elisabeth of Brandenburg</a>, Duchess consort of Saxe-Altenburg (d. <a href="/wiki/1650" title="1650">1650</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Bourdon" title="Sébastien Bourdon">Sébastien Bourdon</a>, French painter and engraver (d. <a href="/wiki/1671" title="1671">1671</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14" title="February 14">February 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marc_Restout" title="Marc Restout">Marc Restout</a>, French painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1684" title="1684">1684</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_25" title="February 25">February 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Isaack_Luttichuys" title="Isaack Luttichuys">Isaack Luttichuys</a>, Dutch Golden Age painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1673" title="1673">1673</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_27" title="February 27">February 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Esterh%C3%A1zy_(1616%E2%80%931641)" title="István Esterházy (1616–1641)">István Esterházy</a>, member of the wealthy Hungarian Esterházy family (d. <a href="/wiki/1641" title="1641">1641</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_28" title="February 28">February 28</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaspar_F%C3%B6rster" title="Kaspar Förster">Kaspar Förster</a>, German singer and composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1673" title="1673">1673</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_of_Hesse-Darmstadt" title="Frederick of Hesse-Darmstadt">Frederick of Hesse-Darmstadt</a>, German Catholic cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1682" title="1682">1682</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1" title="March 1">March 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Cazzati" title="Maurizio Cazzati">Maurizio Cazzati</a>, Italian composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1678" title="1678">1678</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_9" title="March 9">March 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Gigu%C3%A8re" title="Robert Giguère">Robert Giguère</a>, early pioneer in New France (d. <a href="/wiki/1709" title="1709">1709</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_13" title="March 13">March 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Beaumont" title="Joseph Beaumont">Joseph Beaumont</a>, British academic and poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1699" title="1699">1699</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_16" title="March 16">March 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jervoise_(died_1693)" title="Thomas Jervoise (died 1693)">Thomas Jervoise</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_29" title="March 29">March 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Erasmus_Kindermann" title="Johann Erasmus Kindermann">Johann Erasmus Kindermann</a>, German composer and organist (d. <a href="/wiki/1655" title="1655">1655</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June_2"><span id="April.E2.80.93June_2"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_1" title="April 1">April 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_G%C3%BCnther_II,_Count_of_Schwarzburg-Sondershausen-Arnstadt" title="Christian Günther II, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen-Arnstadt">Christian Günther II, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen-Arnstadt</a> (1642–1666) (d. <a href="/wiki/1666" title="1666">1666</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2" title="April 2">April 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morley" title="Herbert Morley">Herbert Morley</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1667" title="1667">1667</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_5" title="April 5">April 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Count_Palatine_of_Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Frederick, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken">Frederick, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1661" title="1661">1661</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">April 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hopkins_(settler)" title="Thomas Hopkins (settler)">Thomas Hopkins</a>, early Providence, Rhode Island settler (d. <a href="/wiki/1684" title="1684">1684</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_19" title="April 19">April 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV_of_Legnica" title="Louis IV of Legnica">Louis IV of Legnica</a>, Duke of Oława and Brzeg (1633–1654) (d. <a href="/wiki/1663" title="1663">1663</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">April 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gustav,_Count_of_Vasaborg" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustav, Count of Vasaborg">Gustav, Count of Vasaborg</a>, illegitimate son of King Gustavus Adolphus and his mistress <a href="/wiki/Margareta_Slots" title="Margareta Slots">Margareta Slots</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1653" title="1653">1653</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jeremias_Felbinger" title="Jeremias Felbinger">Jeremias Felbinger</a>, German Socinian writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1690" title="1690">1690</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1" title="May 1">May 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Margrave_of_Brandenburg-Ansbach" title="Frederick III, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach">Frederick III, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach</a> (1625–1634) (d. <a href="/wiki/1634" title="1634">1634</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_16" title="May 16">May 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Primrose,_Lord_Carrington" title="Archibald Primrose, Lord Carrington">Archibald Primrose, Lord Carrington</a>, Scottish judge (d. <a href="/wiki/1679" title="1679">1679</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_19" title="May 19">May 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Jakob_Froberger" title="Johann Jakob Froberger">Johann Jakob Froberger</a>, German composer and keyboardist (d. <a href="/wiki/1667" title="1667">1667</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_23" title="May 23">May 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_Edward_Bagot,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir Edward Bagot, 2nd Baronet">Sir Edward Bagot, 2nd Baronet</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1673" title="1673">1673</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_24" title="May 24">May 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Maitland,_1st_Duke_of_Lauderdale" title="John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale">John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1682" title="1682">1682</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Dolci" title="Carlo Dolci">Carlo Dolci</a>, Italian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1686" title="1686">1686</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_27" title="May 27">May 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christina_Magdalena_of_the_Palatinate-Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Christina Magdalena of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken">Christina Magdalena of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken</a>, Swedish Princess by birth; margravine of Baden-Durlach by marriage (d. <a href="/wiki/1662" title="1662">1662</a>)</li> <li>June – <a href="/wiki/John_Thurloe" title="John Thurloe">John Thurloe</a>, English spymaster for Oliver Cromwell (d. <a href="/wiki/1668" title="1668">1668</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_3" title="June 3">June 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Courthope" title="George Courthope">George Courthope</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1685" title="1685">1685</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_23" title="June 23">June 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Shah_Shuja_(Mughal_prince)" title="Shah Shuja (Mughal prince)">Shah Shuja</a>, second son of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal (d. <a href="/wiki/1661" title="1661">1661</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_24" title="June 24">June 24</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Bol" title="Ferdinand Bol">Ferdinand Bol</a>, Dutch Dutch painter, etcher and draftsman (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp,_Prince_of_Hohenzollern-Hechingen" title="Philipp, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen">Philipp, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen</a> (1661–1671) (d. <a href="/wiki/1671" title="1671">1671</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_25" title="June 25">June 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Livingstone,_1st_Viscount_Kilsyth" title="James Livingstone, 1st Viscount Kilsyth">James Livingstone, 1st Viscount Kilsyth</a> of Scotland (d. <a href="/wiki/1661" title="1661">1661</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_28" title="June 28">June 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lucas_Franchoys_the_Younger" title="Lucas Franchoys the Younger">Lucas Franchoys the Younger</a>, Flemish painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1681" title="1681">1681</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September_2"><span id="July.E2.80.93September_2"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> <i>(bapt.</i>) – <a href="/wiki/John_Leverett" title="John Leverett">John Leverett</a>, Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (d. <a href="/wiki/1679" title="1679">1679</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_10" title="July 10">July 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Antonio_del_Castillo_y_Saavedra" title="Antonio del Castillo y Saavedra">Antonio del Castillo y Saavedra</a>, Spanish artist (d. <a href="/wiki/1668" title="1668">1668</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_21" title="July 21">July 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anna_de%27_Medici,_Archduchess_of_Austria" title="Anna de' Medici, Archduchess of Austria">Anna de' Medici, Archduchess of Austria</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1676" title="1676">1676</a>)</li> <li>August – <a href="/wiki/William_Russell,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford" title="William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford">William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford</a>, British peer and soldier (d. <a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_6" title="August 6">August 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Higginson_(minister)" title="John Higginson (minister)">John Higginson</a>, English minister (d. <a href="/wiki/1708" title="1708">1708</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_12" title="August 12">August 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Paul_Freiherr_von_Hocher" title="Johann Paul Freiherr von Hocher">Johann Paul Freiherr von Hocher</a>, Austrian chancellor (d. <a href="/wiki/1683" title="1683">1683</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">August 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Hervey_(died_1680)" title="John Hervey (died 1680)">John Hervey</a>, English courtier and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giovan_Battista_Nani" title="Giovan Battista Nani">Giovan Battista Nani</a>, Italian historian and diplomat (d. <a href="/wiki/1678" title="1678">1678</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_9" title="September 9">September 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_de_Villacis" title="Nicolás de Villacis">Nicolás de Villacis</a>, Spanish painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1694" title="1694">1694</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_25" title="September 25">September 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Morus" title="Alexander Morus">Alexander Morus</a>, Franco-Scottish Calvinist preacher (d. <a href="/wiki/1670" title="1670">1670</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December_2"><span id="October.E2.80.93December_2"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">October 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Balthazar_de_Gand" title="Philippe Balthazar de Gand">Philippe Balthazar de Gand</a>, French noble (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_11" title="October 11">October 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Gryphius" title="Andreas Gryphius">Andreas Gryphius</a>, German lyric poet and dramatist (d. <a href="/wiki/1664" title="1664">1664</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">October 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hoshina_Masakage" title="Hoshina Masakage">Hoshina Masakage</a>, Japanese <i><a href="/wiki/Daimy%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimyō">daimyō</a></i> of the Edo period (d. <a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_18" title="October 18">October 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Culpeper" title="Nicholas Culpeper">Nicholas Culpeper</a>, English botanist (d. <a href="/wiki/1654" title="1654">1654</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_20" title="October 20">October 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bartholin" title="Thomas Bartholin">Thomas Bartholin</a>, Danish physician, mathematician, and theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">October 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Camillo_Astalli" title="Camillo Astalli">Camillo Astalli</a>, Italian cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1663" title="1663">1663</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_13" title="November 13">November 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Dennys" title="Nicholas Dennys">Nicholas Dennys</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1692" title="1692">1692</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">November 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Wallis" title="John Wallis">John Wallis</a>, English mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1703" title="1703">1703</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_12" title="December 12">December 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Martin_Lluelyn" title="Martin Lluelyn">Martin Lluelyn</a>, Welsh poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1682" title="1682">1682</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_13" title="December 13">December 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Chamberlayne" title="Edward Chamberlayne">Edward Chamberlayne</a>, English writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1703" title="1703">1703</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_14" title="December 14">December 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Hamilton,_2nd_Duke_of_Hamilton" title="William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton">William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton</a>, Scottish nobleman (d. <a href="/wiki/1651" title="1651">1651</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_17" title="December 17">December 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Roger_L%27Estrange" title="Roger L'Estrange">Roger L'Estrange</a>, English pamphleteer and author (d. <a href="/wiki/1704" title="1704">1704</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_25" title="December 25">December 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_Hoffmann_von_Hoffmannswaldau" title="Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau">Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau</a>, German poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1679" title="1679">1679</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown_2">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Albanel" title="Charles Albanel">Charles Albanel</a>, French missionary (d. <a href="/wiki/1696" title="1696">1696</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Bard,_1st_Viscount_Bellomont" title="Henry Bard, 1st Viscount Bellomont">Henry Bard, 1st Viscount Bellomont</a>, English Royalist (d. <a href="/wiki/1656" title="1656">1656</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Kazimierz_Chodkiewicz" title="Jan Kazimierz Chodkiewicz">Jan Kazimierz Chodkiewicz</a>, Polish nobleman (szlachcic) (d. <a href="/wiki/1660" title="1660">1660</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Harrison_(soldier)" title="Thomas Harrison (soldier)">Thomas Harrison</a>, English Puritan soldier and Fifth Monarchist (d. <a href="/wiki/1660" title="1660">1660</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Holder" title="William Holder">William Holder</a>, English music theorist (d. <a href="/wiki/1698" title="1698">1698</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamalakara" title="Kamalakara">Kamalakara</a>, Indian astronomer/mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Klaj" title="Johann Klaj">Johann Klaj</a>, German poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1656" title="1656">1656</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzma_Minin" title="Kuzma Minin">Kuzma Minin</a>, merchant from Nizhny Novgorod</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokuhi_Nyoitsu" title="Sokuhi Nyoitsu">Sokuhi Nyoitsu</a>, Buddhist monk (d. <a href="/wiki/1671" title="1671">1671</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Owen_(theologian)" title="John Owen (theologian)">John Owen</a>, English Nonconformist theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1683" title="1683">1683</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Sexby" title="Edward Sexby">Edward Sexby</a>, English Puritan soldier/Leveller (d. <a href="/wiki/1658" title="1658">1658</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah_Walker" title="Obadiah Walker">Obadiah Walker</a>, Master of University College, Oxford (d. <a href="/wiki/1699" title="1699">1699</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Probable">Probable</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Probable"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_van_Everdingen" title="Caesar van Everdingen">Caesar van Everdingen</a>, Dutch older brother of Allart van Everdingen (d. <a href="/wiki/1678" title="1678">1678</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Weckmann" title="Matthias Weckmann">Matthias Weckmann</a>, German musician/composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1674" title="1674">1674</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trijntje_Keever" title="Trijntje Keever">Trijntje Keever</a>, presumed to have been the tallest woman ever (d. <a href="/wiki/1633" title="1633">1633</a>)</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Greenland_shark" title="Greenland shark">Greenland shark</a>, still alive</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_DArenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Charles_DArenberg.jpg/120px-Charles_DArenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Charles_DArenberg.jpg/250px-Charles_DArenberg.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Ligne,_2nd_Prince_of_Arenberg" title="Charles de Ligne, 2nd Prince of Arenberg">Charles de Ligne</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor,_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg/110px-William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg/165px-William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg/220px-William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3059" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cervantes_J%C3%A1uregui.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Cervantes_J%C3%A1uregui.jpg/110px-Cervantes_J%C3%A1uregui.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Cervantes_J%C3%A1uregui.jpg/165px-Cervantes_J%C3%A1uregui.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Cervantes_J%C3%A1uregui.jpg/220px-Cervantes_J%C3%A1uregui.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1443" data-file-height="1893" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Cervantes" title="Miguel de Cervantes">Miguel de Cervantes</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tokugawa_Ieyasu2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tokugawa_Ieyasu2.JPG/110px-Tokugawa_Ieyasu2.JPG" decoding="async" width="110" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tokugawa_Ieyasu2.JPG/165px-Tokugawa_Ieyasu2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tokugawa_Ieyasu2.JPG/220px-Tokugawa_Ieyasu2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1841" data-file-height="2100" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieyasu" title="Tokugawa Ieyasu">Tokugawa Ieyasu</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacob_Le_Maire_from_Antonio_de_Herrera_India_Occidentales.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Jacob_Le_Maire_from_Antonio_de_Herrera_India_Occidentales.png/110px-Jacob_Le_Maire_from_Antonio_de_Herrera_India_Occidentales.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Jacob_Le_Maire_from_Antonio_de_Herrera_India_Occidentales.png/165px-Jacob_Le_Maire_from_Antonio_de_Herrera_India_Occidentales.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Jacob_Le_Maire_from_Antonio_de_Herrera_India_Occidentales.png/220px-Jacob_Le_Maire_from_Antonio_de_Herrera_India_Occidentales.png 2x" data-file-width="1312" data-file-height="1553" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Le_Maire" title="Jacob Le Maire">Jacob Le Maire</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March_3"><span id="January.E2.80.93March_3"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_5" title="January 5">January 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Simeon_Bekbulatovich" title="Simeon Bekbulatovich">Simeon Bekbulatovich</a>, khan of the Qasim Tatars, Grand Duke of Muscovy and Tver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philip_Henslowe" title="Philip Henslowe">Philip Henslowe</a>, English theatre manager (b. <a href="/wiki/1550" title="1550">1550</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_18" title="January 18">January 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Ligne,_2nd_Prince_of_Arenberg" title="Charles de Ligne, 2nd Prince of Arenberg">Charles de Ligne, 2nd Prince of Arenberg</a>, Dutch noble (b. <a href="/wiki/1550" title="1550">1550</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_12" title="February 12">February 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anna_of_Nassau-Dillenburg_(1541%E2%80%931616)" title="Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg (1541–1616)">Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg</a>, Countess consort of Nassau-Weilburg (b. <a href="/wiki/1541" title="1541">1541</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_13" title="February 13">February 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anders_S%C3%B8rensen_Vedel" title="Anders Sørensen Vedel">Anders Sørensen Vedel</a>, Danish priest and historian (b. <a href="/wiki/1542" title="1542">1542</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_15" title="February 15">February 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Carey_(c._1541%E2%80%931616)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Carey (c. 1541–1616)">George Carey</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1541" title="1541">1541</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Archduke_Maximilian_Ernest_of_Austria" title="Archduke Maximilian Ernest of Austria">Archduke Maximilian Ernest of Austria</a>, Austrian archduke (b. <a href="/wiki/1583" title="1583">1583</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_28" title="February 28">February 28</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miko%C5%82aj_Krzysztof_%22the_Orphan%22_Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" Radziwiłł">Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" Radziwiłł</a>, Polish-Lithuanian noble (szlachcic) (b. <a href="/wiki/1549" title="1549">1549</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Skinner" title="Vincent Skinner">Vincent Skinner</a>, English Member of Parliament (b. <a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_3" title="March 3">March 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Matthias_de_l%27Obel" title="Matthias de l'Obel">Matthias de l'Obel</a>, physician of James I of England (b. <a href="/wiki/1538" title="1538">1538</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_6" title="March 6">March 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francis_Beaumont" title="Francis Beaumont">Francis Beaumont</a>, dramatist in the English Renaissance theatre (b. <a href="/wiki/1584" title="1584">1584</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_8" title="March 8">March 8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Anna_of_Bavaria_(1574%E2%80%931616)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574–1616)">Maria Anna of Bavaria</a>, daughter of William V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata von Lothringen (b. <a href="/wiki/1574" title="1574">1574</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Cesare_Casseri" title="Giulio Cesare Casseri">Giulio Cesare Casseri</a>, Italian anatomist (b. <a href="/wiki/1552" title="1552">1552</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_19" title="March 19">March 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Fabricius" title="Johannes Fabricius">Johannes Fabricius</a>, Frisian/German astronomer (b. <a href="/wiki/1587" title="1587">1587</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_21" title="March 21">March 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Castelvetro" title="Giacomo Castelvetro">Giacomo Castelvetro</a>, Italian writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1546" title="1546">1546</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_27" title="March 27">March 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Wylde_I" title="George Wylde I">George Wylde I</a>, English lawyer and politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1550" title="1550">1550</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_31" title="March 31">March 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Adolf,_Duke_of_Holstein-Gottorp" title="John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp">John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1575" title="1575">1575</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June_3"><span id="April.E2.80.93June_3"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_19" title="April 19">April 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Silva" title="Juan de Silva">Juan de Silva</a>, Spanish military commander and governor of the Philippines</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_22" title="April 22">April 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Cervantes" title="Miguel de Cervantes">Miguel de Cervantes</a>, Spanish author (b. <a href="/wiki/1547" title="1547">1547</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_23" title="April 23">April 23</a> <ul><li>(O.S., Tuesday) – <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>, English playwright and poet (b. <a href="/wiki/1564" title="1564">1564</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>(Inca date unknown) <a href="/wiki/Inca_Garcilaso_de_la_Vega" title="Inca Garcilaso de la Vega">Inca Garcilaso de la Vega</a>, Peruvian author (b. <a href="/wiki/1539" title="1539">1539</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Barbaro_(patriarch_of_Aquileia)" title="Francesco Barbaro (patriarch of Aquileia)">Francesco Barbaro</a>, Italian diplomat (b. <a href="/wiki/1546" title="1546">1546</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_4" title="May 4">May 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Magdalene_of_Brandenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Magdalene of Brandenburg">Magdalene of Brandenburg</a>, Landgravine consort of Hesse-Darmstadt (1598–1616) (b. <a href="/wiki/1582" title="1582">1582</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_8" title="May 8">May 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Talbot,_7th_Earl_of_Shrewsbury" title="Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury">Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury</a>, English politician and earl (b. <a href="/wiki/1552" title="1552">1552</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_24" title="May 24">May 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Clifford,_Countess_of_Cumberland" title="Margaret Clifford, Countess of Cumberland">Margaret Clifford, Countess of Cumberland</a>, British noble (b. <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_30" title="May 30">May 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Parry_(ambassador)" title="Thomas Parry (ambassador)">Thomas Parry</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1541" title="1541">1541</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1" title="June 1">June 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieyasu" title="Tokugawa Ieyasu">Tokugawa Ieyasu</a>, Japanese shōgun (b. <a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_4" title="June 4">June 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adam_Hieronim_Sieniawski_(1576%E2%80%931616)" title="Adam Hieronim Sieniawski (1576–1616)">Adam Hieronim Sieniawski</a>, Polish–Lithuanian noble (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1576" title="1576">1576</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_9" title="June 9">June 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Schuyt" title="Cornelis Schuyt">Cornelis Schuyt</a>, Dutch organist and composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1557" title="1557">1557</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_18" title="June 18">June 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bilson" title="Thomas Bilson">Thomas Bilson</a>, English bishop (b. <a href="/wiki/1547" title="1547">1547</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_19" title="June 19">June 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Robinson_(bishop)" title="Henry Robinson (bishop)">Henry Robinson</a>, English bishop (b. <a href="/wiki/1553" title="1553">1553</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September_3"><span id="July.E2.80.93September_3"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_2" title="July 2">July 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bernardino_Realino" title="Bernardino Realino">Bernardino Realino</a>, Italian Jesuit (b. <a href="/wiki/1530" title="1530">1530</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Philippe_de_Rodoan" title="Charles Philippe de Rodoan">Charles Philippe de Rodoan</a>, third bishop of Middelburg and the fourth bishop of Bruges (b. <a href="/wiki/1552" title="1552">1552</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Anna of Württemberg">Anna of Württemberg</a>, German princess (b. <a href="/wiki/1561" title="1561">1561</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_20" title="July 20">July 20</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honda_Masanobu" title="Honda Masanobu">Honda Masanobu</a>, Japanese commander and <i><a href="/wiki/Daimy%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimyō">daimyō</a></i> (b. <a href="/wiki/1538" title="1538">1538</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_O%27Neill,_2nd_Earl_of_Tyrone" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone">Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone</a>, Irish soldier (b. <a href="/wiki/1540" title="1540">1540</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-O'Donnell1915_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Donnell1915-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">July 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Libavius" title="Andreas Libavius">Andreas Libavius</a>, German physician and chemist (b. <a href="/wiki/1555" title="1555">1555</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_29" title="July 29">July 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tang_Xianzu" title="Tang Xianzu">Tang Xianzu</a>, Chinese playwright and poet (b. <a href="/wiki/1550" title="1550">1550</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_31" title="July 31">July 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Roger_Wilbraham" title="Roger Wilbraham">Roger Wilbraham</a>, Solicitor-General for Ireland (b. <a href="/wiki/1553" title="1553">1553</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_3" title="August 3">August 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Meinhard_von_Sch%C3%B6nberg" title="Hans Meinhard von Schönberg">Hans Meinhard von Schönberg</a>, German military commander (b. <a href="/wiki/1582" title="1582">1582</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_7" title="August 7">August 7</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scipione_Gentili" title="Scipione Gentili">Scipione Gentili</a>, Italian law professor and legal writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1563" title="1563">1563</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Scamozzi" title="Vincenzo Scamozzi">Vincenzo Scamozzi</a>, Italian architect (b. <a href="/wiki/1548" title="1548">1548</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Ketel" title="Cornelis Ketel">Cornelis Ketel</a>, Dutch painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1548" title="1548">1548</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lennard,_12th_Baron_Dacre" title="Henry Lennard, 12th Baron Dacre">Henry Lennard, 12th Baron Dacre</a>, English baron and politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1570" title="1570">1570</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_31" title="August 31">August 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Poole_(died_1616)" title="Henry Poole (died 1616)">Henry Poole</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1541" title="1541">1541</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">September 24</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Baynton_(died_1616)" title="Henry Baynton (died 1616)">Henry Baynton</a>, English Member of Parliament (b. <a href="/wiki/1571" title="1571">1571</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Scott_(died_1616)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Scott (died 1616)">John Scott</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1570" title="1570">1570</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_29" title="September 29">September 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clinton,_2nd_Earl_of_Lincoln" title="Henry Clinton, 2nd Earl of Lincoln">Henry Clinton, 2nd Earl of Lincoln</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1539" title="1539">1539</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December_3"><span id="October.E2.80.93December_3"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_10" title="October 10">October 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Countess_Maria_of_Nassau_(1556%E2%80%931616)" title="Countess Maria of Nassau (1556–1616)">Countess Maria of Nassau</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1556" title="1556">1556</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_11" title="October 11">October 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_J%C3%B3zef_Lisowski" title="Aleksander Józef Lisowski">Aleksander Józef Lisowski</a>, Polish noble (szlachcic) (b. <a href="/wiki/1580" title="1580">1580</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_17" title="October 17">October 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Pitts_(Catholic_scholar)" title="John Pitts (Catholic scholar)">John Pitts</a>, Catholic scholar and writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">October 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sakazaki_Naomori" title="Sakazaki Naomori">Sakazaki Naomori</a>, Japanese <i><a href="/wiki/Daimy%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimyō">daimyō</a></i> (b. <a href="/wiki/1563" title="1563">1563</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_23" title="October 23">October 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Leonhard_Hutter" title="Leonhard Hutter">Leonhard Hutter</a>, German theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1563" title="1563">1563</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_27" title="October 27">October 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Praetorius" title="Johannes Praetorius">Johannes Praetorius</a>, German astronomer and mathematician (b. <a href="/wiki/1537" title="1537">1537</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">November 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Agnes_Hedwig_of_Anhalt" title="Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt">Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt</a>, Abbess of Gernrode, Electress of Saxony, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Plön (b. <a href="/wiki/1573" title="1573">1573</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_8" title="November 8">November 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dormer,_1st_Baron_Dormer" title="Robert Dormer, 1st Baron Dormer">Robert Dormer, 1st Baron Dormer</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1551" title="1551">1551</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_14" title="November 14">November 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Harris_(Tudor_person)" title="William Harris (Tudor person)">William Harris</a>, English knight (b. <a href="/wiki/1556" title="1556">1556</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Matsumae_Yoshihiro" title="Matsumae Yoshihiro">Matsumae Yoshihiro</a>, Japanese daimyo of Ezochi (Hokkaidō) (b. <a href="/wiki/1548" title="1548">1548</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Ibn_al-Qadi" title="Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi">Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi</a>, Moroccan writer, judge and mathematician (b. <a href="/wiki/1552" title="1552">1552</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">November 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hakluyt" title="Richard Hakluyt">Richard Hakluyt</a>, English author, editor and translator (b. <a href="/wiki/1553" title="1553">1553</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_7" title="December 7">December 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Fouquet_de_la_Varenne" title="Guillaume Fouquet de la Varenne">Guillaume Fouquet de la Varenne</a>, French chef (b. <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">December 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Le_Maire" title="Jacob Le Maire">Jacob Le Maire</a>, Dutch mariner (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_24" title="December 24">December 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Thurz%C3%B3" title="György Thurzó">György Thurzó</a>, Palatine of Hungary (b. <a href="/wiki/1567" title="1567">1567</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_31" title="December 31">December 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jan_Szcz%C4%99sny_Herburt" title="Jan Szczęsny Herburt">Jan Szczęsny Herburt</a>, Polish political writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1567" title="1567">1567</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown_3">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shimozuma_Ch%C5%ABk%C5%8D" title="Shimozuma Chūkō">Shimozuma Chūkō</a>, Japanese monk of the Hongan-ji (b. <a href="/wiki/1551" title="1551">1551</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meir_Lublin" title="Meir Lublin">Meir Lublin</a>, Polish rabbi (b. <a href="/wiki/1558" title="1558">1558</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Probable_2">Probable</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Probable"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hendrick_Christiaensen" title="Hendrick Christiaensen">Hendrick Christiaensen</a>, Dutch explorer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Klabon" title="Krzysztof Klabon">Krzysztof Klabon</a>, Polish Renaissance composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1550" title="1550">1550</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Whitaker" title="Alexander Whitaker">Alexander Whitaker</a>, Virginia Colony religious leader (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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.citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1J6RAAAAIAAJ"><i>Research Opportunities in Renaissance Drama: The Report of the Modern Language Association Conference</i></a>. Northwestern University Press. 1989. p. 36.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Research+Opportunities+in+Renaissance+Drama%3A+The+Report+of+the+Modern+Language+Association+Conference&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Northwestern+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1J6RAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jehângïr's period of stay at Ajmer was from 5 Shawwäl 1022 to 1 Zil-qä'da 1025 equivalent to November 8, 1613, to October 31, 1616.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStrachan2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Strachan, Michael (2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23943">"Roe, Sir Thomas (1581–1644)"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F23943">10.1093/ref:odnb/23943</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Roe%2C+Sir+Thomas+%281581%E2%80%931644%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F23943&rft.aulast=Strachan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F23943&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNB_Jonson-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DNB_Jonson_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDonaldson2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Donaldson, Ian (2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15116">"Jonson, Benjamin (1572–1637)"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F15116">10.1093/ref:odnb/15116</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Jonson%2C+Benjamin+%281572%E2%80%931637%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F15116&rft.aulast=Donaldson&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F15116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-volcano.si.edu-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-volcano.si.edu_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-volcano.si.edu_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Event dated with reference to historical documents. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024175830/http://volcano.si.edu/">"Global Volcanism Program"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volcano.si.edu/">the original</a> on October 24, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+Volcanism+Program&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.volcano.si.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holden-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Holden_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holden_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Galileo", by Edward S. Holden, <i>The Popular Science Monthly</i> (May, 1905) p.66, 68</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">"East Indies: February 1616". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=68785"><i>Calendar of State Papers Colonial, East Indies, China and Japan: 1513–1616</i></a>. Vol. 2. 1864. pp. <span class="nowrap">457–</span>461<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=East+Indies%3A+February+1616&rft.btitle=Calendar+of+State+Papers+Colonial%2C+East+Indies%2C+China+and+Japan%3A+1513%E2%80%931616&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E457-%3C%2Fspan%3E461&rft.date=1864&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Freport.aspx%3Fcompid%3D68785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Pontifical Decrees against the Motion of the Earth, Considered in their Bearing on the Theory of Advanced Ultramontanism</i> (Longmans, Green, Reader & Dyer, 1870) pp.5-6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pocket_On_This_Day-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pocket_On_This_Day_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Penguin Pocket On This Day</i>. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-102715-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-102715-0"><bdi>0-14-102715-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Penguin+Pocket+On+This+Day&rft.pub=Penguin+Reference+Library&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-14-102715-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_People's_Chronology-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_People's_Chronology_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_People's_Chronology_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEverett,_Jason_M.2006" class="citation book cs1">Everett, Jason M., ed. (2006). "1616". <i>The People's Chronology</i>. Thomson Gale.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1616&rft.btitle=The+People%27s+Chronology&rft.pub=Thomson+Gale&rft.date=2006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Jahangirnama: memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India</i>. Translated by Thackston, W. M. Washington, D.C.; New York: Freer Gallery of Art; Arthur M. Sackler Gallery; Smithsonian Institution; Oxford University Press. 1999 [1829]. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195127188" title="Special:BookSources/9780195127188"><bdi>9780195127188</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jahangirnama%3A+memoirs+of+Jahangir%2C+Emperor+of+India&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.%3B+New+York&rft.pub=Freer+Gallery+of+Art%3B+Arthur+M.+Sackler+Gallery%3B+Smithsonian+Institution%3B+Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780195127188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFindly2000" class="citation book cs1">Findly, Ellison Banks (2000). <i>Nur Jahan: Empress of Mughal India</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 94. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-507488-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-507488-2"><bdi>0-19-507488-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nur+Jahan%3A+Empress+of+Mughal+India&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=94&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-19-507488-2&rft.aulast=Findly&rft.aufirst=Ellison+Banks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNath1990" class="citation book cs1">Nath, Renuka (1990). <i>Notable Mughal and Hindu women in the 16th and 17th centuries A.D</i>. New Delhi: Inter-India Publ. p. 72. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788121002417" title="Special:BookSources/9788121002417"><bdi>9788121002417</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+Mughal+and+Hindu+women+in+the+16th+and+17th+centuries+A.D.&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=Inter-India+Publ.&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9788121002417&rft.aulast=Nath&rft.aufirst=Renuka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVictor_L._Tapié1984" class="citation book cs1">Victor L. Tapié (July 12, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KPM3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA76"><i>France in the Age of Louis XIII and Richelieu</i></a>. CUP Archive. pp. 76–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-26924-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-26924-7"><bdi>978-0-521-26924-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=France+in+the+Age+of+Louis+XIII+and+Richelieu&rft.pages=76-&rft.pub=CUP+Archive&rft.date=1984-07-12&rft.isbn=978-0-521-26924-7&rft.au=Victor+L.+Tapi%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKPM3AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBellany2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Bellany, Alastair (2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/4754">"Carr, Robert, earl of Somerset (1585/6?–1645)"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F4754">10.1093/ref:odnb/4754</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Carr%2C+Robert%2C+earl+of+Somerset+%281585%2F6%3F%E2%80%931645%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F4754&rft.aulast=Bellany&rft.aufirst=Alastair&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F4754&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBH1616-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CBH1616_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBH1616_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPalmerPalmer1992" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). <i>The Chronology of British History</i>. London: Century Ltd. pp. <span class="nowrap">170–</span>172. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7126-5616-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7126-5616-2"><bdi>0-7126-5616-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chronology+of+British+History&rft.place=London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E170-%3C%2Fspan%3E172&rft.pub=Century+Ltd&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-7126-5616-2&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.au=Palmer%2C+Veronica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRobert_S._Tilton1994" class="citation book cs1">Robert S. Tilton (November 25, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=idPhpg0PxtAC&pg=PA45"><i>Pocahontas: The Evolution of an American Narrative</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-46959-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-46959-3"><bdi>978-0-521-46959-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pocahontas%3A+The+Evolution+of+an+American+Narrative&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1994-11-25&rft.isbn=978-0-521-46959-3&rft.au=Robert+S.+Tilton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DidPhpg0PxtAC%26pg%3DPA45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-O'Donnell1915-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-O'Donnell1915_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Donnell1915_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFElliott_O'Donnell1915" class="citation book cs1">Elliott O'Donnell (January 1, 1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VKTIDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA303"><i>The Irish abroad, a record of the achievements of wanderers from Ireland</i></a>. Dalcassian Publishing Company. p. 303.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Irish+abroad%2C+a+record+of+the+achievements+of+wanderers+from+Ireland&rft.pages=303&rft.pub=Dalcassian+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1915-01-01&rft.au=Elliott+O%27Donnell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVKTIDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArano2005" class="citation journal cs1">Arano, Yasunori (2005). "The Formation of a Japanocentric World Order". <i>International Journal of Asian Studies</i>. <b>2</b> (2): 201. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs1479591405000094">10.1017/s1479591405000094</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145541884">145541884</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Formation+of+a+Japanocentric+World+Order&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=201&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs1479591405000094&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145541884%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Arano&rft.aufirst=Yasunori&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Plate now in the <a href="/wiki/Rijksmuseum" title="Rijksmuseum">Rijksmuseum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKellett2003" class="citation book cs1">Kellett, Arnold (2003). <i>King James's School, 1616–2003</i>. Knaresborough: King James's School. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9545195-0-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-9545195-0-7"><bdi>0-9545195-0-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+James%27s+School%2C+1616%E2%80%932003&rft.place=Knaresborough&rft.pub=King+James%27s+School&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-9545195-0-7&rft.aulast=Kellett&rft.aufirst=Arnold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Published <a href="/wiki/1631" title="1631">1631</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBland1998" class="citation journal cs1">Bland, M. (1998). "William Stansby and the production of the <i>Workes of Beniamin Jonson</i>, 1615–16". <i>The Library</i>. <b>20</b>. <a href="/wiki/Bibliographical_Society" title="Bibliographical Society">Bibliographical Society</a>: 10. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Flibrary%2F20.1.1">10.1093/library/20.1.1</a> (inactive November 1, 2024).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Library&rft.atitle=William+Stansby+and+the+production+of+the+Workes+of+Beniamin+Jonson%2C+1615%E2%80%9316&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Flibrary%2F20.1.1&rft.aulast=Bland&rft.aufirst=M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024" title="Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charlotte M. Gradie, <i>The Tepehuan Revolt of 1616</i> (University of Utah Press, 2000) p. 32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118297353.wbeerlb043"><i>The Encyclopedia of English Renaissance Literature</i></a>. The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Literature (1st ed.). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. 2012. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781118297353.wbeerlb043">10.1002/9781118297353.wbeerlb043</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+English+Renaissance+Literature&rft.place=Chichester&rft.series=The+Wiley-Blackwell+Encyclopedia+of+Literature&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9781118297353.wbeerlb043&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1002%2F9781118297353.wbeerlb043&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Burton">"Robert Burton | English author, scholar, and clergyman"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Robert+Burton+%7C+English+author%2C+scholar%2C+and+clergyman&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FRobert-Burton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emidius.mi.ingv.it/BEECD/app/app_E.pdf">"A Basic European Earthquake Catalogue and a Database for the evaluation of long-term seismicity and seismic hazard (BEECD)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://emidius.mi.ingv.it/BEECD/app/app_E.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Basic+European+Earthquake+Catalogue+and+a+Database+for+the+evaluation+of+long-term+seismicity+and+seismic+hazard+%28BEECD%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Femidius.mi.ingv.it%2FBEECD%2Fapp%2Fapp_E.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVisram2002" class="citation book cs1">Visram, Rozina (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/asiansinbritain40068visr"><i>Asians in Britain: 400 Years of History</i></a></span>. London: Pluto Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7453-1373-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7453-1373-6"><bdi>0-7453-1373-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Asians+in+Britain%3A+400+Years+of+History&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Pluto+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7453-1373-6&rft.aulast=Visram&rft.aufirst=Rozina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fasiansinbritain40068visr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRatnikas" class="citation web cs1">Ratnikas, Algirdas J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100710081853/http://timelines.ws/countries/INDONESIA.HTML">"Timeline Indonesia"</a>. Timelines.ws. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timelines.ws/countries/INDONESIA.HTML">the original</a> on July 10, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-08-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline+Indonesia&rft.pub=Timelines.ws&rft.aulast=Ratnikas&rft.aufirst=Algirdas+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimelines.ws%2Fcountries%2FINDONESIA.HTML&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMilton1999" class="citation book cs1">Milton, Giles (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nathanielsnutmeg00milt"><i>Nathaniel's Nutmeg: Or the True and Incredible Adventures of the Spice Trader Who Changed the Course of History</i></a>. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-374-21936-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-374-21936-9"><bdi>978-0-374-21936-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nathaniel%27s+Nutmeg%3A+Or+the+True+and+Incredible+Adventures+of+the+Spice+Trader+Who+Changed+the+Course+of+History&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-374-21936-9&rft.aulast=Milton&rft.aufirst=Giles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnathanielsnutmeg00milt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WDL-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WDL_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/515/">"Mirror of the Cruel and Horrible Spanish Tyranny Perpetrated in the Netherlands, by the Tyrant, the Duke of Alba, and Other Commanders of King Philip II"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/World_Digital_Library" title="World Digital Library">World Digital Library</a></i>. 1620<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Digital+Library&rft.atitle=Mirror+of+the+Cruel+and+Horrible+Spanish+Tyranny+Perpetrated+in+the+Netherlands%2C+by+the+Tyrant%2C+the+Duke+of+Alba%2C+and+Other+Commanders+of+King+Philip+II&rft.date=1620&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wdl.org%2Fen%2Fitem%2F515%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From an etching in the <i>Guerre de Beauté</i>, a series of six etchings depicting a celebration which took place in Florence in the year 1616 in honor of the prince of Urbino.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBratton1988" class="citation journal cs1">Bratton, Timothy (1988). "Identity of the New England Indian Epidemic of 1616–1619". <i>Bulletin of the History of Medicine</i>. <b>62</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">352–</span>383.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+History+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Identity+of+the+New+England+Indian+Epidemic+of+1616%E2%80%931619&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E352-%3C%2Fspan%3E383&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Bratton&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarrCathey2010" class="citation journal cs1">Marr, J. S.; Cathey, J. T. (February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2957993">"New hypothesis for cause of epidemic among native Americans, New England, 1616-1619"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Emerging_Infectious_Diseases_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Emerging Infectious Diseases (journal)">Emerging Infectious Diseases</a></i>. <b>16</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">281–</span>6. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3201%2Feid1602.090276">10.3201/eid1602.090276</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2957993">2957993</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20113559">20113559</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emerging+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=New+hypothesis+for+cause+of+epidemic+among+native+Americans%2C+New+England%2C+1616-1619&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E281-%3C%2Fspan%3E6&rft.date=2010-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2957993%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20113559&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3201%2Feid1602.090276&rft.aulast=Marr&rft.aufirst=J.+S.&rft.au=Cathey%2C+J.+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2957993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDobyns1993" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_F._Dobyns" title="Henry F. Dobyns">Dobyns, Henry F.</a> (1993). "Disease Transfer at Contact". <i>Annual Review of Anthropology</i>. <b>22</b>: <span class="nowrap">273–</span>291. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.anthro.22.1.273">10.1146/annurev.anthro.22.1.273</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Disease+Transfer+at+Contact&rft.volume=22&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E273-%3C%2Fspan%3E291&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.anthro.22.1.273&rft.aulast=Dobyns&rft.aufirst=Henry+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSpinage2003" class="citation book cs1">Spinage, Clive A. (2003). <i>Cattle plague: a history</i>. New York: Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-306-47789-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-306-47789-0"><bdi>0-306-47789-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cattle+plague%3A+a+history&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-306-47789-0&rft.aulast=Spinage&rft.aufirst=Clive+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCharles_L._Butler2003" class="citation book cs1">Charles L. Butler (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CyjtzeigVBcC&pg=PA12"><i>Biddeford</i></a>. Arcadia Publishing. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7385-1303-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7385-1303-4"><bdi>978-0-7385-1303-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biddeford&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7385-1303-4&rft.au=Charles+L.+Butler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCyjtzeigVBcC%26pg%3DPA12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBernhard1999" class="citation book cs1">Bernhard, Virginia (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/slavesslaveholde00bern"><i>Slaves and Slaveholders in Bermuda, 1616–1782</i></a></span>. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780826212276" title="Special:BookSources/9780826212276"><bdi>9780826212276</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Slaves+and+Slaveholders+in+Bermuda%2C+1616%E2%80%931782&rft.place=Columbia&rft.pub=University+of+Missouri+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780826212276&rft.aulast=Bernhard&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fslavesslaveholde00bern&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMintz1986" class="citation book cs1">Mintz, Sidney W. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sweetnesspowerpl00mint"><i>Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History</i></a>. New York: Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0140092331" title="Special:BookSources/0140092331"><bdi>0140092331</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweetness+and+Power%3A+The+Place+of+Sugar+in+Modern+History&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0140092331&rft.aulast=Mintz&rft.aufirst=Sidney+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsweetnesspowerpl00mint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/fludd-robert-1574-1637">"Fludd, Robert (1574–1637) | Encyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>www.encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Fludd%2C+Robert+%281574%E2%80%931637%29+%7C+Encyclopedia.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fhumanities%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Ffludd-robert-1574-1637&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRobbins1959" class="citation book cs1">Robbins, Russell Hope (1959). <i>The Encyclopedia of Witchcraft and Demonology</i>. New York: Bonanza Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Witchcraft+and+Demonology&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Bonanza+Books&rft.date=1959&rft.aulast=Robbins&rft.aufirst=Russell+Hope&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLogan,_Terence_P.Smith,_Denzell_S.1975" class="citation book cs1">Logan, Terence P.; Smith, Denzell S., eds. (1975). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/popularschool0000loga"><i>The Popular School: A Survey and Bibliography of Recent Studies in English Renaissance Drama</i></a></span>. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/popularschool0000loga/page/69">69</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780803208445" title="Special:BookSources/9780803208445"><bdi>9780803208445</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Popular+School%3A+A+Survey+and+Bibliography+of+Recent+Studies+in+English+Renaissance+Drama&rft.place=Lincoln&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=9780803208445&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpopularschool0000loga&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSluiter1949" class="citation journal cs1">Sluiter, Engel (1949). "The Fortification of Acapulco, 1615–1616". <i>The Hispanic American Historical Review</i>. <b>29</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">69–</span>80. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2508294">10.2307/2508294</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2508294">2508294</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hispanic+American+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=The+Fortification+of+Acapulco%2C+1615%E2%80%931616&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E69-%3C%2Fspan%3E80&rft.date=1949&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2508294&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2508294%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Sluiter&rft.aufirst=Engel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span> Today the fort houses the Acapulco Historical Museum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">His notebooks, not fully published until the 20th century, reveal a coherent <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanical philosophy">mechanical philosophy</a> of nature with incipient atomism, a force of inertia, and mathematical interpretations of natural philosophy are present. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFvan_Berkel1983" class="citation book cs1">van Berkel, K. (1983). <i>Isaac Beeckman (1588–1637) en de mechanisering van het wereldbeeld</i>. Amsterdam.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Isaac+Beeckman+%281588%E2%80%931637%29+en+de+mechanisering+van+het+wereldbeeld&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=van+Berkel&rft.aufirst=K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSearles1925" class="citation journal cs1">Searles, Colbert (1925). "Allusions to the Contemporary Theater of 1616 by Francois Rosset". <i>Modern Language Notes</i>. <b>40</b> (8): <span class="nowrap">481–</span>483. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2914581">10.2307/2914581</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2914581">2914581</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Language+Notes&rft.atitle=Allusions+to+the+Contemporary+Theater+of+1616+by+Francois+Rosset&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E481-%3C%2Fspan%3E483&rft.date=1925&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2914581&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2914581%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Searles&rft.aufirst=Colbert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCharles_Wells_Moulton1959" class="citation book cs1">Charles Wells Moulton (1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sAkuAQAAIAAJ"><i>The Library of Literary Criticism of English and American Authors</i></a>. P. Smith. p. 586. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8446-7157-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8446-7157-4"><bdi>978-0-8446-7157-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Library+of+Literary+Criticism+of+English+and+American+Authors&rft.pages=586&rft.pub=P.+Smith&rft.date=1959&rft.isbn=978-0-8446-7157-4&rft.au=Charles+Wells+Moulton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsAkuAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSunil_Kumar_Sarker1998" class="citation book cs1">Sunil Kumar Sarker (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BeKrQAYeO_UC&pg=PA10"><i>Shakespeare's Sonnets</i></a>. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 10. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7156-725-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7156-725-6"><bdi>978-81-7156-725-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Sonnets&rft.pages=10&rft.pub=Atlantic+Publishers+%26+Dist&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-81-7156-725-6&rft.au=Sunil+Kumar+Sarker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBeKrQAYeO_UC%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1616&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFClifford2006" class="citation book cs1">Clifford, Anne (2006). Acheson, Katherine O (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9qsAos0O_-QC"><i>The Memoir of 1603 and The Diary of 1616–19</i></a>. New York: Broadview Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55111-339-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-55111-339-2"><bdi>1-55111-339-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Memoir+of+1603+and+The+Diary+of+1616%E2%80%9319&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Broadview+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-55111-339-2&rft.aulast=Clifford&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9qsAos0O_-QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChristensen2012" class="citation book cs1">Christensen, Thomas (Spring 2012). <i>1616: The World in Motion</i>. Counterpoint Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1616%3A+The+World+in+Motion&rft.pub=Counterpoint+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1616" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rightreading.com/1616/">Author's website</a>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1616&oldid=1275930181">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1616&oldid=1275930181</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1616" title="Category:1616">1616</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leap_years_in_the_Gregorian_calendar" title="Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar">Leap years in the Gregorian calendar</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_ODNB" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024" title="Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024">CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2011">Use mdy dates from March 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 15 February 2025, at 22:31<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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