CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>KU Leuven - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"20260b81-3056-484b-87ec-e5269e96544d","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"KU_Leuven","wgTitle":"KU Leuven","wgCurRevisionId":1256852612,"wgRevisionId":1256852612,"wgArticleId":29975400,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the Phonos extension","Pages with Dutch IPA","Pages including recorded pronunciations","Articles with Dutch-language sources (nl)","CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)","CS1 Norwegian Bokmål-language sources (nb)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles containing Latin-language text","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles using infobox university","All articles with vague or ambiguous time", "Vague or ambiguous time from February 2022","Articles using infobox templates with no data rows","Articles to be split from May 2020","All articles to be split","Commons category link from Wikidata","Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia","KU Leuven","Catholic University of Leuven","Buildings and structures in Leuven","Education in Leuven","Catholic universities and colleges in Belgium","Pontifical universities","1970 establishments in Belgium","Universities and colleges established in 1834"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"KU_Leuven","wgRelevantArticleId":29975400,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/KU_Leuven","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q833670","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready", "site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.phonos.init","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/KUL.svg/1200px-KUL.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1552"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/KUL.svg/800px-KUL.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1035"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/KUL.svg/640px-KUL.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="828"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="KU Leuven - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_Leuven"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_Leuven"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-KU_Leuven rootpage-KU_Leuven skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=KU+Leuven" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=KU+Leuven" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=KU+Leuven" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=KU+Leuven" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-The_universities_in_Leuven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_universities_in_Leuven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>The universities in Leuven</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-The_universities_in_Leuven-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle The universities in Leuven subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-The_universities_in_Leuven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Old_University_of_Leuven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_University_of_Leuven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Old University of Leuven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Old_University_of_Leuven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_university_of_Leuven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_university_of_Leuven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>State university of Leuven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_university_of_Leuven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catholic_university" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catholic_university"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Catholic university</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catholic_university-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Present-day_university" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Present-day_university"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Present-day university</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Present-day_university-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Campus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization_and_academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization_and_academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organization and academics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization_and_academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Libraries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_hospital" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_hospital"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>University hospital</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_hospital-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Breakthrough_and_notable_research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Breakthrough_and_notable_research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Breakthrough and notable research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Breakthrough_and_notable_research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Affiliations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Affiliations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Affiliations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Affiliations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Rankings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rectors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rectors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Rectors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rectors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Founding_brief" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding_brief"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Founding brief</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding_brief-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable alumni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honorary_doctorates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honorary_doctorates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Honorary doctorates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honorary_doctorates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">KU Leuven</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katolieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katolieke Universiteit Leuven – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Katolieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جامعة لوفان الكاثوليكية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة لوفان الكاثوليكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ven_Katolik_Universiteti" title="Löven Katolik Universiteti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Löven Katolik Universiteti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="کاتولیک لون بیلیم‌یوردو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کاتولیک لون بیلیم‌یوردو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="KU Leuven" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Лёвенскі каталіцкі ўніверсітэт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лёвенскі каталіцкі ўніверсітэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Лёвэнскі каталіцкі ўнівэрсытэт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лёвэнскі каталіцкі ўнівэрсытэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="KU Leuven" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuveni_Katoliiklik_%C3%9Clikool" title="Leuveni Katoliiklik Ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Leuveni Katoliiklik Ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9B%CE%AD%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Καθολικό Πανεπιστήμιο του Λέβεν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καθολικό Πανεπιστήμιο του Λέβεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="KU Leuven" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katolika_universitato_de_Loveno_(Flandrio)" title="Katolika universitato de Loveno (Flandrio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Katolika universitato de Loveno (Flandrio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="KU Leuven" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86" title="دانشگاه کاتولیک لون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه کاتولیک لون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="KU Leuven" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katolike_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katolike Universiteit Leuven – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Katolike Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilthigh_Caitligeach_Leuven" title="Oilthigh Caitligeach Leuven – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Oilthigh Caitligeach Leuven" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A2%B0%EB%B2%88_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="뢰번 가톨릭 대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뢰번 가톨릭 대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Katolik_Leuven" title="Universitas Katolik Leuven – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Universitas Katolik Leuven" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9F" title="KU לוון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="KU לוון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Catholica_Lovaniensis_(KU_Leuven)" title="Universitas Catholica Lovaniensis (KU Leuven) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Universitas Catholica Lovaniensis (KU Leuven)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%93venas_Kato%C4%BCu_universit%C4%81te_(n%C4%ABderlandie%C5%A1u_valoda)" title="Lēvenas Katoļu universitāte (nīderlandiešu valoda) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lēvenas Katoļu universitāte (nīderlandiešu valoda)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leveno_universitetas" title="Leveno universitetas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Leveno universitetas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universit%C3%A8%C3%A8t_Leuve" title="Katholieke Universitèèt Leuve – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Katholieke Universitèèt Leuve" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuveni_Katolikus_Egyetem" title="Leuveni Katolikus Egyetem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Leuveni Katolikus Egyetem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%87" title="جامعة لوفان الكاثوليكيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة لوفان الكاثوليكيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="لوون کاتولیکی دونشجار – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لوون کاتولیکی دونشجار" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="KU Leuven" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="ルーヴェン・カトリック大学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルーヴェン・カトリック大学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="کیتھولک یونیورسٹی لوون – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کیتھولک یونیورسٹی لوون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_Cat%C3%B3lica_de_Lovaina_(KU_Leuven)" title="Universidade Católica de Lovaina (KU Leuven) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Universidade Católica de Lovaina (KU Leuven)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Лёвенский католический университет – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лёвенский католический университет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D1%83_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Католички универзитет у Левену – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Католички универзитет у Левену" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuvenin_katolinen_yliopisto" title="Leuvenin katolinen yliopisto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Leuvenin katolinen yliopisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven_Katolik_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Leuven Katolik Üniversitesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Leuven Katolik Üniversitesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_(%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Левенський католицький університет (нідерландськомовний) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Левенський католицький університет (нідерландськомовний)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="KU Leuven" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univiersit%C3%A9_Catolike_do_V%C3%AE_Lov%C3%A9n" title="Univiersité Catolike do Vî Lovén – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Univiersité Catolike do Vî Lovén" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E6%B1%B6%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6_(%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD)" title="鲁汶天主教大学 (荷兰语) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鲁汶天主教大学 (荷兰语)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q833670#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:KU_Leuven" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/KU_Leuven" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/KU_Leuven" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&oldid=1256852612" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=KU_Leuven&id=1256852612&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKU_Leuven"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKU_Leuven"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=KU_Leuven&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q833670" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Catholic research university in Leuven, Belgium</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 1425–1797 university, see <a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">Old University of Leuven</a>. For the 1817–1835 university, see <a href="/wiki/State_University_of_Leuven" title="State University of Leuven">State University of Leuven</a>. For the 1834–1968 university, see <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)" title="Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)">Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)</a>. For the present-day French-speaking university, see <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">Université catholique de Louvain</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">KU Leuven</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname" lang="nl">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven<sup id="cite_ref-fn2_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:KUL.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/KUL.svg/220px-KUL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/KUL.svg/330px-KUL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/KUL.svg/440px-KUL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="1455" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Universitas catholica Lovaniensis<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other name</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Sedes Sapientiae</i> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Seat of Wisdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Publicly-funded Catholic university</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1425 as <a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">Studium Generale Lovaniense</a> (predecessor institution)<br />1834 as <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)" title="Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)">Catholic University of Belgium</a><br />1970 (<a href="/wiki/Split_of_the_Catholic_University_of_Leuven" title="Split of the Catholic University of Leuven">split</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic affiliation</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_European_Schools_for_Advanced_Engineering_Education_and_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research">CESAER</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/CLUSTER" title="CLUSTER">CLUSTER</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Coimbra_Group" title="Coimbra Group">Coimbra Group</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/EASN_Association" title="EASN Association">EASN Association</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/European_University_Association" title="European University Association">EUA</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Europaeum" title="Europaeum">Europaeum</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/European_Quality_Improvement_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Quality Improvement System">EQUIS</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/LERU" class="mw-redirect" title="LERU">LERU</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Venice_International_University" title="Venice International University">VIU</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Transatlantic_Policy_Consortium" title="Transatlantic Policy Consortium">TPC</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Una_Europa" title="Una Europa">Una Europa</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Universitas_21" title="Universitas 21">Universitas 21</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>1,5 billion</span> in annual income<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chairman</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Thyssen" title="Marianne Thyssen">Marianne Thyssen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jozef_De_Kesel" title="Jozef De Kesel">Jozef De Kesel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Rector_(academia)" title="Rector (academia)">Rector</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luc_Sels" title="Luc Sels">Luc Sels</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Administrative staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">11,534</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">65,189 (2021–22)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">Doctoral students</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,172 (2021–22)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven">Leuven</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">Belgium</div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=KU_Leuven&params=50.878_N_4.7_E_type:edu_region:BE"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°52′41″N</span> <span class="longitude">4°42′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.878°N 4.700°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.878; 4.700</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Main (<a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban</a>/university town) campus in <a href="/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven">Leuven</a> and satellite campuses in <a href="/wiki/Aalst,_Belgium" title="Aalst, Belgium">Aalst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diepenbeek" title="Diepenbeek">Diepenbeek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geel" title="Geel">Geel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kortrijk" title="Kortrijk">Kortrijk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sint-Katelijne-Waver" title="Sint-Katelijne-Waver">Sint-Katelijne-Waver</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colors</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Blue and white <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#152C68; color:white;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; color:black;"> </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Mascot</th><td class="infobox-data">Fons Sapientiae</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/">kuleuven.be</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:KU_Leuven_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/KU_Leuven_logo.svg/220px-KU_Leuven_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/KU_Leuven_logo.svg/330px-KU_Leuven_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/KU_Leuven_logo.svg/440px-KU_Leuven_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="183" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Souvenir_25_eme_anniversaire_de_la_Fondation_Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain_novembre_1859.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Souvenir_25_eme_anniversaire_de_la_Fondation_Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain_novembre_1859.jpg/220px-Souvenir_25_eme_anniversaire_de_la_Fondation_Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain_novembre_1859.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Souvenir_25_eme_anniversaire_de_la_Fondation_Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain_novembre_1859.jpg/330px-Souvenir_25_eme_anniversaire_de_la_Fondation_Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain_novembre_1859.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Souvenir_25_eme_anniversaire_de_la_Fondation_Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain_novembre_1859.jpg/440px-Souvenir_25_eme_anniversaire_de_la_Fondation_Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain_novembre_1859.jpg 2x" data-file-width="487" data-file-height="697" /></a><figcaption>Book celebrating the 25 anniversary of the founding of the Catholic University of Louvain, November 3, 1859.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gregory_XVI.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gregory_XVI.jpg/220px-Gregory_XVI.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gregory_XVI.jpg/330px-Gregory_XVI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gregory_XVI.jpg/440px-Gregory_XVI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="1264" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>KU Leuven</b> (<b>Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fn2_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a Catholic <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> in the city of <a href="/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven">Leuven, Belgium</a>. Founded in 1425, it is the oldest university in Belgium and the oldest university in the <a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a>. </p><p>In addition to its main campus in Leuven, it has <a href="/wiki/Satellite_campus" title="Satellite campus">satellite campuses</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kortrijk" title="Kortrijk">Kortrijk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ostend" title="Ostend">Ostend</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geel" title="Geel">Geel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diepenbeek" title="Diepenbeek">Diepenbeek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aalst,_Belgium" title="Aalst, Belgium">Aalst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sint-Katelijne-Waver" title="Sint-Katelijne-Waver">Sint-Katelijne-Waver</a>, and in Belgium's capital <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> KU Leuven is the largest university in Belgium and the <a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a> and the largest Dutch-language university in the world. In 2021–22, more than 65,000 students were enrolled, with 21% being international students.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its primary language of instruction is Dutch, although several programs are taught in English, particularly graduate and postgraduate degrees.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is routinely ranked among the top 50 universities in the world by <a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education" title="Times Higher Education">Times Higher Education</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Catholic in theology and heritage, KU Leuven operates independently from the Church.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> KU Leuven previously only accepted baptized Catholics,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2022)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> but is now open to students from different faiths or life-stances.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While nowadays only the acronymic name KU Leuven is used, the university's legal name is <i>Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</i>, officially <i><b>Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven</b></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which translates in English as Catholic University of Leuven.<sup id="cite_ref-fn2_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the acronymic name is not translated in official communications, like its similarly named French-language sister university <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">Université catholique de Louvain</a> (UCLouvain). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_universities_in_Leuven">The universities in Leuven</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: The universities in Leuven"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Universities_in_Leuven" title="Universities in Leuven">Universities in Leuven</a></div> <p>The town of Leuven has been the seat of four universities, with the first one established in 1425. Since then, the organisation was abolished and founded again multiple times. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Old_University_of_Leuven">Old University of Leuven</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Old University of Leuven"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Old University of Leuven (or <a href="/wiki/Studium_Generale_Lovaniense" class="mw-redirect" title="Studium Generale Lovaniense">Studium Generale Lovaniense</a>) was founded in 1425 by Duke <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Brabant" class="mw-redirect" title="John IV of Brabant">John IV of Brabant</a>, the civil authorities of Brabant, as well as the municipal administration of the city of Leuven,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> despite the initial opposition of the chapter of Sint-Pieter.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For centuries, the university flourished due to the presence of famous scholars and professors, such as Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens (<a href="/wiki/Pope_Adrian_VI" title="Pope Adrian VI">Pope Adrian VI</a>), <a href="/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmus" class="mw-redirect" title="Desiderius Erasmus">Desiderius Erasmus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Molanus" class="mw-redirect" title="Johannes Molanus">Johannes Molanus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juan_Lu%C3%ADs_Vives" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Luís Vives">Juan Luís Vives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Vesalius" title="Andreas Vesalius">Andreas Vesalius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gerardus_Mercator" title="Gerardus Mercator">Gerardus Mercator</a>. </p><p>After the French Revolution, the university was formally integrated into the French Republic when the Holy Roman Emperor, Francis I, ceded then <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Netherlands" title="Austrian Netherlands">Austrian Netherlands</a> to France by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Treaty of Campo Formio</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> signed on 17 October 1797. A law dating to 1793, which mandated that all universities in France be closed, came into effect.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The old University of Leuven was abolished by decree of the <a href="/wiki/Dyle_(department)" title="Dyle (department)">Département of the Dyle</a> on October 25, 1797.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_university_of_Leuven">State university of Leuven</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: State university of Leuven"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A few years after <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French rule</a> came to an end, when Belgium was part of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="United Kingdom of the Netherlands">United Kingdom of the Netherlands</a>, king <a href="/wiki/William_I_of_the_Netherlands" title="William I of the Netherlands">William I of the Netherlands</a> in 1817 founded a secular university in Leuven, the <a href="/wiki/State_university_of_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="State university of Leuven">State university of Leuven</a>, where many professors of the old University of Leuven taught. This university was abolished in 1835. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Catholic_university">Catholic university</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Catholic university"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castle_Arenberg,_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg/220px-Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg/330px-Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg/440px-Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2708" data-file-height="1900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kasteel_van_Arenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasteel van Arenberg">Arenberg Castle</a>, purchased by the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)" title="Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)">Catholic University of Leuven</a> in 1921.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the history of the pre-1970 university, see <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)#History" title="Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)">Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968) § History</a>.</div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834-1968)" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic University of Leuven (1834-1968)">Catholic University of Leuven</a> was founded in 1834 in <a href="/wiki/Mechelen" title="Mechelen">Mechelen</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by the bishops of Belgium, after an official <a href="/wiki/Papal_Brief" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal Brief">Papal Brief</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XVI" title="Pope Gregory XVI">Pope Gregory XVI</a>. This new Catholic university stayed only briefly in Mechelen, as the bishops already moved the university headquarters to <a href="/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven">Leuven</a> on 1 December 1835, where it took the name Catholic University of Leuven. This occurred after the closure of the <a href="/wiki/State_university_of_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="State university of Leuven">State university of Leuven</a> in 1835, where many professors of the old University of Leuven had taught. KU Leuven is generally (but controversially) identified as a continuation of the older institution; controversy lays in the fact that this link to the old University cannot be maintained from a purely juridical perspective<sup id="cite_ref-auto_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as the old University was suppressed under French rule.<sup id="cite_ref-fn3_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In its statutes, KU Leuven officially declares against the rulings of the Court of Cassation<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Cour d'Appel, to be the continuation of the <a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">Studium Generale Lovaniense</a> established in 1425,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and together with <a href="/wiki/UCLouvain" title="UCLouvain">UCLouvain</a> it sets out to celebrate its 600th anniversary in 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original establishment during Medieval times and subsequent re-foundation at a later period represents a fate shared by the University of Leuven (KU Leuven) with several other well-known European universities that experienced the upheavals of revolutionary times. In 1920, the Catholic University of Leuven for the first time admitted female students,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lagging some 40 years behind the Belgian universities of Brussels, Liège and Ghent.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Present-day_university">Present-day university</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Present-day university"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1968, tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities led to the <a href="/wiki/Split_of_the_Catholic_University_of_Leuven" title="Split of the Catholic University of Leuven">splitting</a> of the bilingual <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)" title="Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)">Catholic University of Leuven</a> into two "sister" universities, with the Dutch-language university becoming a fully functioning independent institution in Leuven in 1970, and the <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">Université catholique de Louvain</a> departing to a newly built greenfield campus site in the French-speaking part of Belgium. KU Leuven's first rector after the split was <a href="/wiki/Pieter_De_Somer" title="Pieter De Somer">Pieter De Somer</a>. </p><p>In 1972, the KUL set up a separate entity, Leuven Research & Development (LRD), to support industrial and commercial applications of university research. It has led to numerous spin-offs, such as the technology company Metris, and manages tens of millions of euros in investments and venture capital.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university's electronic learning environment, TOLEDO, which started in September 2001, was gradually developed into the central electronic learning environment at the KUL. The word is an acronym for <i>TOetsen en LEren Doeltreffend Ondersteunen</i> (English: "effectively supporting testing and learning"). It is the collective name for a number of commercial software programs and tools, such as <a href="/wiki/Blackboard_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Blackboard Inc.">Blackboard</a>. The project offers the Question Mark Perception assignment software to all institution members and has implemented the <a href="/wiki/Ariadne_(software)" title="Ariadne (software)">Ariadne KPS</a> to reuse digital learning objects inside the Blackboard environment. </p><p>On 11 July 2002, the KU Leuven became the dominant institution in the "KU Leuven Association" (see below). </p><p>KU Leuven is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Coimbra_Group" title="Coimbra Group">Coimbra Group</a> (a network of leading European universities) as well as of the <a href="/wiki/LERU" class="mw-redirect" title="LERU">LERU Group</a> (League of European Research Universities). Since November 2014, KU Leuven's Faculty of Economics and Business is accredited by <a href="/wiki/European_Quality_Improvement_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Quality Improvement System">European Quality Improvement System</a>, which is a leading accreditation system specializing in higher education institutions of management and business administration.<sup id="cite_ref-equis_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-equis-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of academic year of 2012–2013, the university held Erasmus contracts with 434 European establishments. It also had 22 central bilateral agreements in 8 countries: the United States, China, South Africa, Japan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Vietnam, Poland, and the Netherlands. The vast majority of international EU students came from the Netherlands, while most non-EU ones come from China. </p><p>KU Leuven is financially independent from the Catholic Church. Although a representative from the Church sits in its Board of Governors and "a yearly report is submitted to the bishops," their function is observational and has no voting power. Its management and academic decisions are similarly autonomous.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2011, the university changed its official name to KU Leuven in all official communications and branding.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While its legal name remains to be Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, the university uses its short name or acronym, KU Leuven, in all communications, including academic research publications.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The long name is only used in legally binding documents such as contracts and only on the first instance, according to university's communication guidelines. According to its then rector, the change is intended as a way to emphasize its history of freedom of academic inquiry and its independence from the Church, without erasure of its Catholic heritage.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since August 2017, the university has been led by <a href="/wiki/Luc_Sels" title="Luc Sels">Luc Sels</a> who replaced former <a href="/wiki/Rector_(academia)" title="Rector (academia)">rector</a> <a href="/wiki/Rik_Torfs" title="Rik Torfs">Rik Torfs</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgian</a> <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">archbishop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Joseph_L%C3%A9onard" title="André-Joseph Léonard">André-Joseph Léonard</a> is the current <i>Grand Chancellor</i> and a member of the university <a href="/wiki/School_board" class="mw-redirect" title="School board">board</a>. </p><p>KU Leuven hosts the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">banana</a> <a href="/wiki/Gene_bank" title="Gene bank">genebank</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bioversity_International" title="Bioversity International">Bioversity International</a> <i>Musa</i> Germplasm Transit Centre, that celebrated its 30th anniversary in 2017 and was visited by Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Development Cooperation, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_De_Croo" title="Alexander De Croo">Alexander De Croo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, a student of African origin, <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Sanda_Dia" title="Death of Sanda Dia">Sanda Dia</a>, died during a cruel hazing ritual to enter the <a href="/wiki/Reuzegom" title="Reuzegom">Reuzegom</a> fraternity.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The perpetrators, whose parents mostly belong to the upper class,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are being prosecuted, but were so far only lightly sanctioned by the university authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a consequence of these events, which attracted international media coverage,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the institution received criticism as to how it handled the matter. In 2023 18 students were fined 400 Euros and community service for their involvement in the death and the degrading treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historically, the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)" title="Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)">Catholic University of Leuven</a> has been a major contributor to the development of Catholic theology. The university is dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Mary,_the_mother_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary, the mother of Jesus">Mary, the mother of Jesus</a>, under her traditional attribute as "<a href="/wiki/Seat_of_Wisdom" title="Seat of Wisdom">Seat of Wisdom</a>", and organizes an annual celebration on <a href="/wiki/Candlemas" title="Candlemas">2 February</a> in her honour. On that day, the university also awards its <a href="/wiki/Honorary_doctorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary doctorate">honorary doctorates</a>. The neo-Gothic seal created in 1909 and used by the university shows the medieval statue <a href="/wiki/Sedes_Sapientiae,_Leuven" title="Sedes Sapientiae, Leuven">Our Lady of Leuven</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Vesica_piscis" title="Vesica piscis">vesica piscis</a> shape. The version used by KU Leuven dates from the 1990s and features the date 1425 in <a href="/wiki/Times_New_Roman" title="Times New Roman">Times New Roman</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Campus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AGORA_Leuven.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/AGORA_Leuven.jpg/220px-AGORA_Leuven.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/AGORA_Leuven.jpg/330px-AGORA_Leuven.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/AGORA_Leuven.jpg/440px-AGORA_Leuven.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Students study in learning center AGORA at KU Leuven.</figcaption></figure> <p>KU Leuven's main campus is in <a href="/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven">Leuven</a> where school faculties, libraries, institutes, residence halls, the university hospital <a href="/wiki/UZ_Leuven" title="UZ Leuven">UZ Leuven</a>, and other facilities are interspersed throughout the city proper, as well as just outside its ring road in Heverlee borough.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its intercultural meeting center Pangaea is located in the city center. The University Sports Centre is located in Heverlee, including Univ-Fit gym. In addition, the <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a> <a href="/wiki/Groot_Begijnhof,_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Groot Begijnhof, Leuven">Groot Begijnhof</a>, a historic <a href="/wiki/Beguinage" title="Beguinage">beguinage</a> in the south of city, is owned by the university and functions as one of its many residence halls. </p><p>Public transport within the city is primarily served by the De Lijn bus system. Leuven is a main hub in Belgium's and nearby country's train network. Leuven station is located in the northeast edge of the city. </p><p>KU Leuven has campuses in <a href="/wiki/Kortrijk" title="Kortrijk">Kortrijk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ostend" title="Ostend">Ostend</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geel" title="Geel">Geel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diepenbeek" title="Diepenbeek">Diepenbeek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aalst,_Belgium" title="Aalst, Belgium">Aalst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sint-Katelijne-Waver" title="Sint-Katelijne-Waver">Sint-Katelijne-Waver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization_and_academics">Organization and academics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Organization and academics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Academics at KU Leuven is organized into three groups, each with its own faculties, departments, and schools offering programs up to doctoral level. While most courses are taught in Dutch, many are offered in English, particularly the graduate programs.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notable divisions of the university include the Institute of Philosophy and the <a href="/wiki/Rega_Institute_for_Medical_Research" title="Rega Institute for Medical Research">Rega Institute for Medical Research</a>. </p><p>The students of the university are gathered together in the student's council Studentenraad KU Leuven.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Libraries">Libraries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Libraries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven,_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg/220px-2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg/330px-2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg/440px-2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4416" data-file-height="3312" /></a><figcaption>Central Library of the KU Leuven, seen from the <a href="/wiki/Ladeuzeplein" title="Ladeuzeplein">Mgr. Ladeuzeplein</a></figcaption></figure> <p>KU Leuven has 24 libraries and learning centers across its 12 campuses, containing millions of books and other media. Its theology library alone hold 1.3 million volumes, including works dating from the 15th century.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following libraries are found at its Leuven campus:<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>2Bergen — Biomedical Library</li> <li>2Bergen — Campuslibrary Arenberg (exact sciences, engineering sciences, industrial engineering sciences, bio—engineering sciences, architecture and kinesiology and rehabilitation sciences)</li> <li>Artes — Ladeuze & Erasmushuis (Humanities & Social Sciences Group and the Faculty of Arts)</li> <li>Library of Psychology and Educational Sciences</li> <li>Law Library</li> <li>Library of Social Sciences</li> <li>Library of the Institute of Philosophy</li> <li>AGORA Learning Centre</li> <li>EBIB Learning Centre</li> <li>MATRIX (music and audio recordings library)</li> <li>Maurits Sabbe Library (Library of the Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="University_hospital">University hospital</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: University hospital"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/UZ_Leuven" title="UZ Leuven">Universitair ziekenhuis Leuven</a> (UZ Leuven) is the teaching hospital associated with the KU Leuven. Its most well known and largest campus is Gasthuisberg, which also houses the faculty of pharmaceutical sciences and most of the faculty of medicine. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Breakthrough_and_notable_research">Breakthrough and notable research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Breakthrough and notable research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>KU Leuven scientists have managed to produce a <a href="/wiki/Solar_hydrogen_panel" title="Solar hydrogen panel">solar hydrogen panel</a>, which is able to directly convert no less than 15 per cent of sunlight into <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> gas, which according to them is a world record.<sup id="cite_ref-KULeuveHydrogenPanel2019_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KULeuveHydrogenPanel2019-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SustainableEnergyAndFuels2017_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SustainableEnergyAndFuels2017-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KULeuvenHydrogenPanel2019_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KULeuvenHydrogenPanel2019-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IEEESpectrumHydrogenPanel2019_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEEESpectrumHydrogenPanel2019-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the solar hydrogen panel the hydrogen and <a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</a> evolution <a href="/wiki/Chemical_reaction" title="Chemical reaction">reactions</a> are performed in the <a href="/wiki/Phase_(matter)" title="Phase (matter)">gas phase</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cathode" title="Cathode">cathode</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anode" title="Anode">anode</a> compartments separated by a <a href="/wiki/Membrane" title="Membrane">membrane</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ion_exchange" title="Ion exchange">Anion exchange</a> membranes provide an <a href="/wiki/Alkaline" class="mw-redirect" title="Alkaline">alkaline</a> environment enabling the use of <a href="/wiki/Abundance_of_the_chemical_elements" title="Abundance of the chemical elements">earth abundant materials</a> as <a href="/wiki/Electrocatalyst" title="Electrocatalyst">electrocatalysts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SustainableEnergyAndFuels2017_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SustainableEnergyAndFuels2017-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Spectrum" title="IEEE Spectrum">IEEE Spectrum</a> in 2019 this is a giant leap from 0.1% efficiency 10 years earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-IEEESpectrumHydrogenPanel2019_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEEESpectrumHydrogenPanel2019-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This technology bypasses the conversion losses of the classical <a href="/wiki/Solar%E2%80%93hydrogen_energy_cycle" title="Solar–hydrogen energy cycle">solar–hydrogen energy cycle</a> where <a href="/wiki/Solar_power" title="Solar power">solar power</a> is first harvested via a <a href="/wiki/Solar_panel" title="Solar panel">solar panel</a> and only then to converted to hydrogen with <a href="/wiki/Electrolysis" title="Electrolysis">electrolysis</a> plants. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Affiliations">Affiliations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Affiliations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Students_For_Liberty_European_conference_at_the_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Students_For_Liberty_European_conference_at_the_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.jpg/220px-Students_For_Liberty_European_conference_at_the_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Students_For_Liberty_European_conference_at_the_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.jpg/330px-Students_For_Liberty_European_conference_at_the_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Students_For_Liberty_European_conference_at_the_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.jpg/440px-Students_For_Liberty_European_conference_at_the_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3614" data-file-height="1915" /></a><figcaption>Students attending a conference at KU Leuven</figcaption></figure><p>Since July 2002, thirteen higher education institutes have formed the <a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven_Association" title="KU Leuven Association">KU Leuven Association</a>. Members include:<sup id="cite_ref-association_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-association-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><ul><li>KU Leuven</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LUCA_School_of_Arts" title="LUCA School of Arts">LUCA School of Arts</a></li> <li>Odisee</li> <li>Thomas More</li> <li>UC Leuven Limburg</li> <li>Vives</li></ul> <p>KU Leuven is a member of a number of international university affiliations including the <a href="/wiki/League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="League of European Research Universities">League of European Research Universities</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coimbra_Group" title="Coimbra Group">Coimbra Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNA_Europe" title="UNA Europe">UNA Europa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Universitas_21" title="Universitas 21">Universitas 21</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Venice_International_University" title="Venice International University">Venice International University</a>, among others. </p><p>The university is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Flanders_Interuniversity_Institute_of_Biotechnology" class="mw-redirect" title="Flanders Interuniversity Institute of Biotechnology">Flanders Interuniversity Institute of Biotechnology</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Interuniversity_Microelectronics_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre">Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre</a> is a spin-off company of the university. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rankings">Rankings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Rankings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings" title="College and university rankings">University rankings</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546">Global – Overall</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a></i> World<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">86 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings#Center_for_World_University_Rankings" title="College and university rankings">CWUR</a></i> World<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">103 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/CWTS_Leiden_Ranking" title="CWTS Leiden Ranking">CWTS</a></i> World<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">61 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a></i> World<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_QS_World_Ranking_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_QS_World_Ranking-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">=63 (2025)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings#Reuters_World's_Top_100_Innovative_Universities" title="College and university rankings">Reuters</a></i> World<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_Ranking_World_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Ranking_World-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">7 (2019)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a></i> World<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_THE_Ranking_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_THE_Ranking-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">45 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking">USNWR</a></i> Global<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">=48 (2024-25)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546">National – Overall</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a></i> National<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">2 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/CWTS_Leiden_Ranking" title="CWTS Leiden Ranking">CWTS</a></i> National<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">1 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings#Center_for_World_University_Rankings" title="College and university rankings">CWUR</a></i> National<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">1 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a></i> National<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_QS_Ranking_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_QS_Ranking-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">1 (2025)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a></i> National<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_THE_Rankning_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_THE_Rankning-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">1 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking">USNWR</a></i> National<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">1 (2024-25)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>As of 2024, KU Leuven ranks high in the <a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings#Major_international_rankings" title="College and university rankings">major international rankings</a>, i.e. 63rd in the <a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS World University Rankings</a>, 45th in the <a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education" title="Times Higher Education">Times Higher Education</a> rankings, and 86th according to the Shanghai <a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">Academic Ranking of World Universities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_QS_World_Ranking_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_QS_World_Ranking-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_THE_Ranking_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_THE_Ranking-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> And as stated by other prominent global rankings in 2024, the university is ranked 48th in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Global_Universities_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking">U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking</a>, 61st in the <a href="/wiki/CWTS_Leiden_Ranking" title="CWTS Leiden Ranking">CWTS Leiden Ranking</a> and 103rd in the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_World_University_Rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for World University Rankings">Center for World University Rankings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking_54-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, in their 2019 rankings of the <a href="/wiki/Reuters_-_The_World%27s_Most_Innovative_Universities" title="Reuters - The World's Most Innovative Universities">World's Most Innovative Universities</a>, Thomson Reuters placed KU Leuven 7th in the world and best university in Europe (1st), four times in a row since its founding in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_Ranking_World_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Ranking_World-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_Ranking_Europe_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Ranking_Europe-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to QS World University Rankings by Subject in 2019, KU Leuven ranked within the world's top 50 universities in the following fields: Sports-related Subjects (11), Theology (14), Dentistry (17), Classics and Ancient History (22), Library and Information Management (23), Psychology (24), Statistics and Operational Research (26), Mechanical Engineering (30), Philosophy (31), Geography (34), Pharmacy & Pharmacology (35), Education and Training (36), Law (37), Social Policy and Administration (39), Development Studies (43), Materials sciences (45), Chemical Engineering (46), Politics (49), Sociology (50), Life Sciences and Medicine (56), Social Sciences and Management (60), Arts and Humanities (61), Engineering and Technology (61). Also according to QS, many other KU Leuven programs rank within the top 100 in the world, including Linguistics, English Language and Literature, History, Anatomy and Physiology, Architecture, Anthropology, Computer Science and Information System, Biological Sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Business and Management Studies, Mathematics, Economics and Econometrics, Chemistry, Accounting and Finance .<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>World university ranking</th> <th>European university ranking</th> <th>World reputation ranking </th></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td>86 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 21) | <b>119</b> (THE)</td> <td>35 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 14) | <b>37</b> (THE)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012</td> <td>68 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 18) | <b>67</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 52)</td> <td>24 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 11) | <b>17</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 20)</td> <td>81-90 (THE) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013</td> <td>82 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 14) | <b>58</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 9)</td> <td>31 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7) | <b>13</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4)</td> <td>81-90 (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014</td> <td>77 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5) | <b>61</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3)</td> <td>29 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2) | <b>17</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4)</td> <td>71-80 (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015</td> <td>82 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5) | <b>55</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6) | <b>96</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>)</td> <td>31 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2) | <b>13</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4) | <b>32</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>)</td> <td>71-80 (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016</td> <td>82 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) | <b>35</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 20) | <b>90</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6)</td> <td>31 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) | <b>12</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1) | <b>32</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>)</td> <td>51-60 (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017</td> <td>79 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3) | <b>40</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5) | <b>93</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3)</td> <td>26 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5) | <b>12</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) | <b>32</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>)</td> <td>51-60 (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018</td> <td>71(QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 8) | <b>47</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7) | <b>90</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3)</td> <td>21 (QS <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5) | <b>14</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2) | <b>31</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1)</td> <td>71-80 (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td><b>48</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1) | <b>86</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4) </td> <td><b>15</b> (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> ) | <b>28</b> (ARWU <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3) </td> <td>51-60 (THE <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rectors">Rectors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Rectors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>#</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Began office</th> <th>Ended office</th> <th>Studies</th> <th>Vice-rector </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pieter_De_Somer" title="Pieter De Somer">Pieter De Somer</a></td> <td>1968</td> <td>1985</td> <td>Medicine</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Dillemans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Dillemans (page does not exist)">Roger Dillemans</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Dillemans" class="extiw" title="nl:Roger Dillemans">nl</a>]</span></td> <td>1985</td> <td>1995</td> <td>Law</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Oosterlinck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Oosterlinck (page does not exist)">André Oosterlinck</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Oosterlinck" class="extiw" title="nl:André Oosterlinck">nl</a>]</span></td> <td>1995</td> <td>2005</td> <td>Engineering</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marc_Vervenne" title="Marc Vervenne">Marc Vervenne</a></td> <td>2005</td> <td>2009</td> <td>Theology</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mark_Waer" title="Mark Waer">Mark Waer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mark_Waer" title="Mark Waer">Mark Waer</a></td> <td>2009</td> <td>2013</td> <td>Medicine</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rik_Torfs" title="Rik Torfs">Rik Torfs</a></td> <td>2013</td> <td>2017</td> <td>Canon Law</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luc_Sels" title="Luc Sels">Luc Sels</a></td> <td>2017</td> <td>in office</td> <td>Economics</td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Founding_brief">Founding brief</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Founding brief"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="clear:both; text-align:center; border:1px solid #99b3ff; background-color:#fff8dc;margin-left:25px;margin-bottom:20px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="color:#000;background-color:#ffcc00;border-bottom:2px solid #000;padding-left:1px; padding-right:1px;"> <p><i> <b>The founding brief of the Catholic University of Belgium of Pope Gregory XVI, of December 12, 1833.</b> </i> </p> </td></tr> <tr style="font-size: 90%;"> <td> <p><i>Venerabiles Fratres Salutem et Apostolicam Benedictionem. Majori certe solatio affici non possumus, quam cum eos, qui in partem solicitudinis Nostrae sunt vocati, pastorali zelo flagrare, acriterque ad spirituale commissarum sibi Ovium bonum novimus vigilare. Licet porro praecipuam Fraternitatum Vestrarum virtutem satis jam multa declarassent eaque de causa jure Nobis laetari liceret; conceptam tamen animo Nostro opinionem confirmarunt, Nostrumque gaudium abunde auxerunt obsequentissimae Litterae, quas die decimaquarta proxime elapsi Mensis ad Nos dedistis, et quibus ne dum Vestrum de Catholica in Belgio constituenda, et a Vobis tantum regenda Studiorum Universitate consilium significastis, sed etiam expositis commodis, quae tum animarum salus, tum Religio ipsa inde possunt accipere, Apostolica Nostra Auctoritate probari illud voluistis. Hanc Vos rationem sequuti, id egistis, quod ab antiquis temporibus consuetudo induxit, quodque debita huic Sanctae Sedi reverentia et observantia merito exigit. Cum enim ad Romanos Pontifices pro concredito Ipsis Apostolici Officii munere maxime pertineat Catholicam Fidem tueri sanctaeque ejus doctrinae depositum integrum ac intemeratum custodire; Eorum quoque esse debet Sacrarum Disciplinarum, quae publice in Universitatibus traditur,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> institutionem moderari. Atque haec causa fuit cur Catholici etiam Principes, cum de hujusmodi Academiis, seu Universitatibus Studiorum statuendis cogitarunt, Apostolicam Sedem consulendam, Ejusque Auctoritatem exquirendam duxerint. Hinc celebriores, illustrioresque Europae Universitates nonnisi ex sententia et assensu Romanorum Pontificum fuisse constitutas gravissimae illarum historiae amplissime testantur. Nobis itaque quibus persuasum est ex recte comparatis Studiorum Universitatibus plurimum emolumenti in Christianam Rem publicam dimanare, jucundius nihil accidere potest, quam ut Vobis gratificemur et ad litterarum praesertim Sacrarum praesidium et incrementum Supremae Nostrae auctoritatis robur adjiciamus, atque hinc sapientissimum, quod una simul inivistis consilium, adprobamus, Vestramque ea de re solicitudinem summa laude, ac commendatione prosequimur. Eo autem libentius Vestris votis annuimus, quo certius Vestra industria, opera et cura futurum confidimus, ut quotquot ad istam Universitatem convenient bene morati juvenes, non scientia, quae inflat, sed scientia, quae cum charitate aedificat, non sapientia hujus saeculi, sed sapientia cujus initium timor Domini est, imbuantur. At illud probe intelligitis, Venerabiles Fratres, memoratam mox Universitatem ita quidem constitui oportere, ut nihil prorsus derogetur juribus, quae singulis Episcopis circa Clericorum in suis Dioecesanis seminariis institutionem, eorumque in Litteris, et disciplinis maxime Theologicis eruditionem Tridentini Patres adjudicarunt. Agite igitur, et Ille, a quo omne datum optimum, ac omne donum perfectum est, dexter Vobis, propitiusque adsit, et quae salubriter cogitastis, feliciter possitis implere. Interim Apostolicam Benedictionem Paternae Nostrae charitatis, et benevolentiae testimonium erga Fraternitates Vestras, peramanter Vobis impertimur.'</i> '<i>Datum Romae apud S. Petrum die 13 Decembris An. 1833. Pontificatus Nostri An. III.</i> </p><p><b>Gregorius PP XVI</b> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notable alumni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Split plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/50px-Split-arrows.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/75px-Split-arrows.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/100px-Split-arrows.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">It has been suggested that this article be <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">split</a></b> into multiple articles. (<a href="/wiki/Talk:KU_Leuven" title="Talk:KU Leuven">discuss</a>) <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For pre-1970 alumni, see <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)#Notable_alumni" title="Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)">Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968) § Notable alumni</a>.</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Bekaert" title="Leon Bekaert">Leon Bekaert</a> (b. 1958), economics, businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bulcke" title="Paul Bulcke">Paul Bulcke</a> (b. 1954), economics, businessman, CEO of <a href="/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé">Nestlé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Callewaert" title="Jan Callewaert">Jan Callewaert</a>, economics, founder of <a href="/wiki/Option_N.V." class="mw-redirect" title="Option N.V.">Option N.V.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Carmeliet" title="Peter Carmeliet">Peter Carmeliet</a>, physician and medical scientist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathew_Chandrankunnel" title="Mathew Chandrankunnel">Mathew Chandrankunnel</a> (b. 1958), professor of philosophy of science at <a href="/wiki/Dharmaram_Vidya_Kshetram" title="Dharmaram Vidya Kshetram">Dharmaram Vidya Kshetram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Cormann" title="Mathias Cormann">Mathias Cormann</a> (b. 1970), Belgian-born Australian senator and Minister for Finance</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Cornu" title="Jo Cornu">Jo Cornu</a>, engineer, previous CEO of the <a href="/wiki/National_Railway_Company_of_Belgium" title="National Railway Company of Belgium">National Railway Company of Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Daemen" title="Joan Daemen">Joan Daemen</a> (b. 1965), <a href="/wiki/Cryptographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptographer">cryptographer</a>, one of the designers of <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard" title="Advanced Encryption Standard">Advanced Encryption Standard</a> (AES).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans_C._De_Schryver" title="Frans C. De Schryver">Frans C. De Schryver</a> (b. 1939), chemist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julien_De_Wilde" title="Julien De Wilde">Julien De Wilde</a> (b. 1967), civil engineer, businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No%C3%ABl_Devisch" title="Noël Devisch">Noël Devisch</a> (b. 1943), agriculture</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelton_Fabre" title="Shelton Fabre">Shelton Fabre</a> (b. 1963), American Roman Catholic bishop</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Fehervari" title="Gabriel Fehervari">Gabriel Fehervari</a> (b. 1970) law, businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Geysen" title="Willy Geysen">Willy Geysen</a>, law, head of the Centre for Intellectual Property Rights (CIR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hertog" title="Thomas Hertog">Thomas Hertog</a> (b. 1975) physics, cosmologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jozef_IJsewijn" title="Jozef IJsewijn">Jozef IJsewijn</a>, prominent as a key founder of <a href="/wiki/Neo-Latin_studies" title="Neo-Latin studies">Neo-Latin studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriya_Evans-Pritchard_Jayanti" title="Suriya Evans-Pritchard Jayanti">Suriya Evans-Pritchard Jayanti</a>, American diplomat, U.S. Department of State</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qadeer_Khan" title="Abdul Qadeer Khan">Abdul Qadeer Khan</a> (b. 1936), founder of <a href="/wiki/Pakistan%27s_nuclear_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan's nuclear weapons">Pakistan's Nuclear Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koen_Lamberts" title="Koen Lamberts">Koen Lamberts</a> (b. 1964), President and Vice-Chancellor, University of Sheffield (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koen_Lenaerts" title="Koen Lenaerts">Koen Lenaerts</a>, law, president of the <a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Justice" title="European Court of Justice">European Court of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Meekers" title="Georges Meekers">Georges Meekers</a> (b. 1965), Belgian-born wine writer and educator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Mignolet" title="Simon Mignolet">Simon Mignolet</a> (b. 1988), goalkeeper</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Misinzo" title="Gerald Misinzo">Gerald Misinzo</a>, molecular biology, Tanzanian veterinary virologist and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Moors" title="Martin Moors">Martin Moors</a>, philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudi_Pauwels" title="Rudi Pauwels">Rudi Pauwels</a> (b. 1960), pharmacologist, co-founder of <a href="/wiki/Tibotec" title="Tibotec">Tibotec</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virco" title="Virco">Virco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Rijmen" title="Vincent Rijmen">Vincent Rijmen</a> (b. 1970), cryptographer, one of the designers of <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard" title="Advanced Encryption Standard">Advanced Encryption Standard</a> (AES).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Sansen" title="Willy Sansen">Willy Sansen</a> (b. 1943), electrical engineer, academic, and author.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%B0mundur_Steingr%C3%ADmsson" title="Guðmundur Steingrímsson">Guðmundur Steingrímsson</a> (b. 1972), Icelandic politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francine_Swiggers" title="Francine Swiggers">Francine Swiggers</a>, economics, businesswoman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Rong-i" title="Wu Rong-i">Wu Rong-i</a>, economics, former Vice Premier of Taiwan, Taiwanese politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Utermann" title="Andreas Utermann">Andreas Utermann</a>, finance, former CEO of <a href="/wiki/Allianz_Global_Investors" title="Allianz Global Investors">Allianz Global Investors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jef_Valkeniers" title="Jef Valkeniers">Jef Valkeniers</a>, doctor and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrid_van_Oyen" title="Astrid van Oyen">Astrid van Oyen</a>, archaeologist and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Van_Ranst" title="Marc Van Ranst">Marc Van Ranst</a> (b. 1965), physician, virologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Van_Rompuy" title="Herman Van Rompuy">Herman Van Rompuy</a> (b. 1947), Belgian statesman, appointed <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President of the European Council</a> in November 2009</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans_Vanistendael" title="Frans Vanistendael">Frans Vanistendael</a>, law</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Verfaillie" title="Catherine Verfaillie">Catherine Verfaillie</a> (b. 1957) physician, <a href="/wiki/Stem_cell" title="Stem cell">stem cell</a> scientist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koen_Vervaeke" title="Koen Vervaeke">Koen Vervaeke</a> (b. 1959), history, diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Ziegler_(theologian)" title="Albert Ziegler (theologian)">Albert Ziegler SJ</a> (1927-2022), Swiss theologian, ethicist and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Wardell" title="Isaac Wardell">Isaac Wardell</a> (b. 1979), musician, composer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honorary_doctorates">Honorary doctorates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Honorary doctorates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Split plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/50px-Split-arrows.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/75px-Split-arrows.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/100px-Split-arrows.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">It has been suggested that this article be <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">split</a></b> into multiple articles. (<a href="/wiki/Talk:KU_Leuven" title="Talk:KU Leuven">discuss</a>) <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Notable recipients of honorary doctorates at the KU Leuven include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Belgium" title="Albert II of Belgium">Albert II of Belgium</a> (1961), King of the Belgians</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">James P. Allison</a> (2017), Immunologist, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a> 2018</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Garton_Ash" title="Timothy Garton Ash">Timothy Garton Ash</a> (2011), British historian and Professor of European Studies, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Bachelet" title="Michelle Bachelet">Michelle Bachelet</a> (2015), President of <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhijit_Banerjee" title="Abhijit Banerjee">Abhijit Banerjee</a> (2014), Indian economist, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Bartholomew_I_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople">Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baudouin_of_Belgium" title="Baudouin of Belgium">Baudouin of Belgium</a> (1951), King of the Belgians</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Benigni" title="Roberto Benigni">Roberto Benigni</a> (2007), Italian actor, comedian, screenwriter and director of film, theatre and television.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Braithwaite_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Braithwaite (academic)">John Braithwaite</a> (2008), Australian criminologist (application of the idea of restorative justice to business regulation and peacebuilding)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Castells" title="Manuel Castells">Manuel Castells</a> (2004), Professor of <a href="/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology">Sociology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Open_University_of_Catalonia" title="Open University of Catalonia">Open University of Catalonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" title="University of Southern California">University of Southern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_O._Chua" title="Leon O. Chua">Leon O. Chua</a> (2013), professor in the electrical engineering and computer sciences department at the University of California, Berkeley</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Del_Ponte" title="Carla Del Ponte">Carla Del Ponte</a> (2002), former Chief <a href="/wiki/Prosecutor" title="Prosecutor">prosecutor</a> of two <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">international criminal law</a> tribunals</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Diamond" title="Jared Diamond">Jared Diamond</a> (2008), professor of <a href="/wiki/Geography" title="Geography">Geography</a> and <a href="/wiki/Physiology" title="Physiology">Physiology</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">UCLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Derrida" title="Jacques Derrida">Jacques Derrida</a> (1989), French philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kenneth_Galbraith" title="John Kenneth Galbraith">John Kenneth Galbraith</a> (1972), Canadian economist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadine_Gordimer" title="Nadine Gordimer">Nadine Gordimer</a> (1980), South African author, Booker Prize 1974, Nobel Prize in Literature 1991</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Greenspan" title="Alan Greenspan">Alan Greenspan</a> (1997), economist, former chairman of the Board of Governors of the US Federal Reserve</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ionesco" title="Eugène Ionesco">Eugène Ionesco</a> (1977), Romanian and French playwright</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ban_Ki-moon" title="Ban Ki-moon">Ban Ki-moon</a> (2015), Secretary-General of the United Nations</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> (1996), former Chancellor of Germany</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde">Christine Lagarde</a> (2012), Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a> (2003), Peruvian writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (2017),<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> German politician, <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Marmot" title="Michael Marmot">Michael Marmot</a> (2014), British epidemiologist, <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Nussbaum" title="Martha Nussbaum">Martha Nussbaum</a> (1997), American philosopher, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Obbink" title="Dirk Obbink">Dirk Obbink</a>, Lecturer in Papyrology and Greek Literature at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford University</a> and the head of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri Project.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Roger Penrose</a> (2005), professor in Mathematical Physics, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navi_Pillay" title="Navi Pillay">Navi Pillay</a> (2012), United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Popkewitz" title="Thomas S. Popkewitz">Thomas S. Popkewitz</a> (2004), professor of curriculum theory, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison_School_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Education">University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinson" title="Mary Robinson">Mary Robinson</a> (2000), former <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">President of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Rogge" title="Jacques Rogge">Jacques Rogge</a> (2012), President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Arnulfo_Romero" class="mw-redirect" title="Oscar Arnulfo Romero">Oscar Arnulfo Romero</a> (1980), archbishop of San Salvador (El Salvador), human rights activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a> (1983), former Chancellor of Germany</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nate_Silver" title="Nate Silver">Nate Silver</a> (2013), American author and statistician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiona_Stanley" title="Fiona Stanley">Fiona Stanley</a> (2014), Australian epidemiologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowan_Williams" title="Rowan Williams">Rowan Williams</a> (2011), Archbishop of Canterbury</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1860 : <i>Souvenir du XXVe anniversaire de la fondation de l'Université catholique: Novembre 1859, Louvain, typographie Vanlinthout et Cie, 1860 </i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=brlLAAAAcAAJ">Souvenir du XXVe anniversaire de la fondation de l'Université catholique: Novembre 1859</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/32px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/48px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/64px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Belgium" title="Portal:Belgium">Belgium portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/48px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/64px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_libraries_in_Leuven" title="Academic libraries in Leuven">Academic libraries in Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arenberg_Research-Park" title="Arenberg Research-Park">Arenberg Research-Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haasrode_Research-Park" title="Haasrode Research-Park">Haasrode Research-Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdisciplinary_Centre_for_Law_and_ICT" title="Interdisciplinary Centre for Law and ICT">Interdisciplinary Centre for Law and ICT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Flanders" title="Science and technology in Flanders">Science and technology in Flanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Foundation" title="University Foundation">University Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_universities_in_continuous_operation" title="List of oldest universities in continuous operation">List of oldest universities in continuous operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_split_up_universities" title="List of split up universities">List of split up universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Belgium" title="List of universities in Belgium">List of universities in Belgium</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fn2-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fn2_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn2_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn2_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="IPA-label">Dutch pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="nl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch" title="Help:IPA/Dutch">[kaːtoːˈlikə<span class="wrap"> </span>ʔynivɛrsiˈtɛit<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈløːvə(n)]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/9c\/Nl-Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.ogg\/Nl-Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Nl-Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Nl-Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.ogg/Nl-Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven.ogg" title="File:Nl-Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fn1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">According to the university's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/communicatie/marketing/intranet/huisstijl/taalgebruik.html">style guidelines</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Dutch)</span>, KU Leuven is the university's name in all languages. However, according to the university's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://admin.kuleuven.be/sab/jd/en/id-sheet">statutes</a>, the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kbopub.economie.fgov.be/kbopub/toonondernemingps.html?lang=en&ondernemingsnummer=419052173">university's legal name</a> by the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reflex.raadvst-consetat.be/reflex/index.reflex?docid=41280&lang=fr">law of 28 May 1970 issuing legal personality to the institution</a> is <i>Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven,</i> which is used in the university's own <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi_tsv/tsv_rech.pl?language=fr&btw=0419052173&liste=Liste">official publications</a>, with a variant <i>Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data-onderwijs.vlaanderen.be/onderwijsaanbod/adres.aspx?sn=110131">according to the Flemish Community of Belgium</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fn3-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fn3_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">Old University of Leuven</a> (1425–1797) is the oldest university in the low countries, and the Catholic University of Leuven (1834) is generally, yet controversially, identified as a continuation of it. In the mid-1800s, Belgium's highest court, the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Cassation_(Belgium)" title="Court of Cassation (Belgium)">Court of Cassation</a>, ruled that the 1834 "Catholic University of Leuven" was a different institution created under a different charter and thus cannot be regarded as continuing the 1425 "University of Leuven".<sup id="cite_ref-auto_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See also: <a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven#History" title="Old University of Leuven">History of the Old University of Leuven</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1907" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_John_Anderson" title="Peter John Anderson">Anderson, Peter John</a> (1907). <i>Record of the Celebration of the Quatercentenary of the University of Aberdeen: From 25th to 28th September, 1906</i>. <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>: Aberdeen University Press (<a href="/wiki/University_of_Aberdeen" title="University of Aberdeen">University of Aberdeen</a>). <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B001PK7B5G">B001PK7B5G</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781363625079" title="Special:BookSources/9781363625079"><bdi>9781363625079</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Record+of+the+Celebration+of+the+Quatercentenary+of+the+University+of+Aberdeen%3A+From+25th+to+28th+September%2C+1906&rft.place=Aberdeen%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pub=Aberdeen+University+Press+%28University+of+Aberdeen%29&rft.date=1907&rft.isbn=9781363625079&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB001PK7B5G%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Peter+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/over-kuleuven/pdf/jaarverslag-ku-leuven-2023-met-uv.pdf">"Jaarverslag 2023"</a> [2023 annual report] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.kuleuven.be</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=Jaarverslag+2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fover-kuleuven%2Fpdf%2Fjaarverslag-ku-leuven-2023-met-uv.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://admin.kuleuven.be/sab/jd/en/id-sheet">"Basic info legal entity KU Leuven"</a>. <i>admin.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-04-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=admin.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=Basic+info+legal+entity+KU+Leuven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadmin.kuleuven.be%2Fsab%2Fjd%2Fen%2Fid-sheet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuleuven.be/campus">"Studeren aan de KU Leuven, ook buiten Leuven – KU Leuven"</a>. Kuleuven.be<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Studeren+aan+de+KU+Leuven%2C+ook+buiten+Leuven+%E2%80%93+KU+Leuven&rft.pub=Kuleuven.be&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fcampus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/prodstudinfo/v2/50000050/aant_dash_en_v2.html">"Student Numbers"</a>. Kuleuven.be<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Student+Numbers&rft.pub=Kuleuven.be&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fprodstudinfo%2Fv2%2F50000050%2Faant_dash_en_v2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuleuven.be/toekomstigestudenten/studieaanbod/english">"International programmes"</a>. Kuleuven.be<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-03-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+programmes&rft.pub=Kuleuven.be&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Ftoekomstigestudenten%2Fstudieaanbod%2Fenglish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/catholic-university-of-leuven-504785">"Catholic University of Leuven"</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Catholic+University+of+Leuven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Feducation%2Fbest-global-universities%2Fcatholic-university-of-leuven-504785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/ku-leuven"><i>KU Leuven World University Rankings THE</i></a>, Times Higher Education<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-18</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=KU+Leuven+World+University+Rankings+THE&rft.pub=Times+Higher+Education&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.com%2Fworld-university-rankings%2Fku-leuven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBellefroid" class="citation web cs1">Bellefroid, Fred. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oecd.org/belgium/1871276.pdf">"OECD Quality Assessment – Fostering Quality at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>OECD</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OECD&rft.atitle=OECD+Quality+Assessment+%E2%80%93+Fostering+Quality+at+the+Katholieke+Universiteit+Leuven&rft.aulast=Bellefroid&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Fbelgium%2F1871276.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/english/studentservices/religion/index.html">"Religion and Philosophical Diversity at KU Leuven"</a>. <i>www.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=Religion+and+Philosophical+Diversity+at+KU+Leuven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fenglish%2Fstudentservices%2Freligion%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/english/studentservices/religion/religion.html">"Religion in Leuven"</a>. <i>www.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=Religion+in+Leuven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fenglish%2Fstudentservices%2Freligion%2Freligion.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nicolaus Vernulaeus, <i>Academia Lovaniensis</i>, Louvain, chez Petrus Sassenus, édition de 1667, p. 1 : <i>Primus Academiae Conditor fuit Ioannes Quartus, Lotharingiae, Brabantiae, et Limburgiae Dux, Marchio Sacri Imperii, Hannoniae, Hollandiae, Zelandiae Comes, et Dominus Frisiae, Religionis et optimarum Artium Princeps amantissimus. Movit illum miseratio imprimis primariae in Brabantia Urbis Lovanii, quae intestinis afflicta seditionibus, dilapsisque in Angliam et aliò mercimoniis, ac diminuto Civium artificumque numero vacua pene facta erat, ut iterum instauraretur frequentareturque</i>. En : Emiel Lamberts and Jan Roegiers, <i>Leuven University</i>, Louvain, 1990, p. 21 : « The foundation of Louvain was the work of both ducal and municipal authorities. John IV, the Duke of Brabant, encouraged by two of his councillors, Engelbert van Nassau and Edmund van Dynter, strongly favoured the establishment of a higher centre of Learning in his dukedom ». Édouard Van Even, <i>Louvain dans le passé et le présent</i>, pp. 551-552: « C'est à Jean IV que les historiens ont attribué la gloire de cette fondation. ....Or, dans les comptes, nous avons constaté que l'université fut érigée par l'édilité louvaniste et que Jean IV n'a pas fait beaucoup plus que de permettre à son secrétaire d'adresser une supplique à la cour de Rome et de placeter les bulles d'érection ».</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Édouard Van Even, <i>Louvain dans le passé et le présent</i>, p. 552: « On avait également besoin du concours de l'écolâtre du chapitre de Saint-Pierre, maître Guillaume Neve, alors le chef de l'instruction à Louvain. Dans le principe, ce fonctionnaire se montra hostile au projet. C'était, sans doute, affaire d'intérêt personnel. Quoi qu'il en soit, la ville se vit obligée de recourir à l'intervention d'un prêtre, appelé Rutger Reppen, pour conquérir l'écolátre à sa cause. Cet ecclésiastique dut rencontrer chez le fonctionnaire du chapitre une résistance sérieuse ».</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jules Delhaize, <i>La domination française en Belgique</i>, Brussels, 1909, tome III, p. 171 : « Les articles 3 et 4 du traité de Campo-Formio consacrèrent enfin, au point de vue international, la réunion de la Belgique à la France. Voici ces articles. Art. 3 - Sa Majesté l'Empereur, Roi de Hongrie et de Bohême, renonce pour elle et ses successeurs en faveur de la République française, à tous ses droits et titres sur les ci-devant provinces belgiques, connues sous le nom de Pays-Bas autrichiens. La République française possédera ces pays à perpétuité, en toute souveraineté et propriété, et avec tous les biens territoriaux qui en dépendent»</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The law of 15 September 1793 had decreed the suppression of all the colleges and universities in France, but the universities remain de facto until the new law of 7 ventôse year III (25 February 1795) creating the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89coles_centrales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Écoles centrales (page does not exist)">Écoles centrales</a>. In accordance with this law the University of Louvain was abolished by Decree of the Departement of the Dijle. Louis Trénard, <i>De Douai à Lille, une université et son histoire</i>, Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 1978, p.37 note 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jan Roegiers et al., <i>Leuven University</i>, Leuven, Leuven University Press, 1990, p. 31: "<i>With the Law of 3 Brumaire of Year IV, which reorganized higher education in the French Republic, there was no place for the University of Louvain, and it was abolished by Decree of the Departement of the Dijle on 25 october</i> (1797)".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Souvenir du XXVe anniversaire de la <b>fondation</b> de l'Université catholique : Novembre 1859</i>, Louvain, typographie Vanlinthout et Cie, 1860 : "Inaugurée à Malines, le 4 novembre 1834, l'Université catholique a célébré à Louvain, le jeudi 3 novembre 1859, sa vingt-cinquième année d'existence"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=brlLAAAAcAAJ"><i>Souvenir du XXVe anniversaire de la fondation de l'Université catholique: Novembre 1859</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ruling of the Cour de Cassation of Belgium of 26 November 1846: "<i>The Catholic University of Leuven can not be regarded as continuing the old University of Leuven</i>", in, <i>Table générale alphabétique et chronologique de la Pasicrisie Belge contenant la jurisprudence du Royaume de 1814 à 1850</i>, Brussels, 1855, p. 585, column 1, alinea 2. See also: <i>Bulletin Usuel des Lois et Arrêtés</i>, 1861, p. 166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Table générale alphabétique et chronologique de la Pasicrisie belge contenant la jurisprudence du Royaume de 1814 à 1850</i>, Bruxelles, 1855, p. 585, colonne 1, alinéa 2. Voir également : <i>Bulletin usuel des lois et arrêtés</i>, 1861, p. 166 : « <i>L'université catholique de Louvain ne peut être considérée comme continuant l'ancienne université de Louvain; et lorsqu'un acte de fondation a désigné pour collateur un professeur de cette ancienne université, il y a lieu d'y pourvoir par le gouvernement</i> ». Cet arrêt approuvant l'arrêt motivé de la cour d'appel du 28 juillet 1844 : <i>La Belgique judiciaire</i>, 28 juillet 1844 No. 69, p. 1. Cour d’Appel de Bruxelles. Deuxième chambre : « <i>L'université libre de Louvain ne représente pas légalement l’antique université de cette ville. Attendu que cette université, instituée par une bulle papale, de concert avec l'autorité souveraine, formait un corps reconnu dans l'État, ayant différentes attributions, dont plusieurs même lui étaient déléguées par le pouvoir civil; Attendu que ce corps a été supprimé par les lois de la république française; Attendu que l'université existant actuellement à Louvain ne peut être considérée comme continuant celle qui existait en 1457, ces deux établissements ayant un caractère bien distinct, puisque l'université actuelle, non reconnue comme personne civile, n'est qu'un établissement tout à fait privé, résultat de la liberté d'enseignement, en dehors de toute action du pouvoir et sans autorité dans l'État</i> ».</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://admin.kuleuven.be/reglementen/en/organisation-structure/kuleuven-statutes">"KU Leuven Statutes"</a>. <i>admin.kuleuven.be</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=admin.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=KU+Leuven+Statutes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadmin.kuleuven.be%2Freglementen%2Fen%2Forganisation-structure%2Fkuleuven-statutes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/english/about-kuleuven/history">"History"</a>. <i>www.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Oct 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fenglish%2Fabout-kuleuven%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlogt2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Blogt, KU Leuven (2014-04-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kuleuvenblogt.be/2014/04/30/de-eerste-vrouw-in-leuven/">"De eerste vrouw in Leuven"</a>. <i>KU Leuven blogt</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KU+Leuven+blogt&rft.atitle=De+eerste+vrouw+in+Leuven&rft.date=2014-04-30&rft.aulast=Blogt&rft.aufirst=KU+Leuven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkuleuvenblogt.be%2F2014%2F04%2F30%2Fde-eerste-vrouw-in-leuven%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeestersDesmet2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Meesters, Lore; Desmet, Emma (2021-03-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.veto.be/sociaal/honderd-jaar-vrouwelijke-studenten-aan-ku-leuven/117979">"Honderd jaar vrouwelijke studenten aan KU Leuven"</a>. <i>www.veto.be</i> (in Norwegian Bokmål)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.veto.be&rft.atitle=Honderd+jaar+vrouwelijke+studenten+aan+KU+Leuven&rft.date=2021-03-08&rft.aulast=Meesters&rft.aufirst=Lore&rft.au=Desmet%2C+Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.veto.be%2Fsociaal%2Fhonderd-jaar-vrouwelijke-studenten-aan-ku-leuven%2F117979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lrd.kuleuven.be/en/spinoff/spin-off-companies">"Overview spin-off companies"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview+spin-off+companies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flrd.kuleuven.be%2Fen%2Fspinoff%2Fspin-off-companies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-equis-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-equis_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://feb.kuleuven.be/home/equis">"EFMD EQUIS Accreditation for KU Leuven's Faculty of Economics and Business"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Oct 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EFMD+EQUIS+Accreditation+for+KU+Leuven%27s+Faculty+of+Economics+and+Business&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffeb.kuleuven.be%2Fhome%2Fequis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011031251/http://www.flanderstoday.eu/current-affairs/ku-leuven-drops-%E2%80%9Ccatholic%E2%80%9D-its-name">"KU Leuven drops "Catholic" from its name"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bulletin_(Belgian_magazine)" title="The Bulletin (Belgian magazine)">Flanders Today</a></i>. 14 December 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flanderstoday.eu/current-affairs/ku-leuven-drops-%E2%80%9Ccatholic%E2%80%9D-its-name">the original</a> on 11 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flanders+Today&rft.atitle=KU+Leuven+drops+%22Catholic%22+from+its+name&rft.date=2011-12-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flanderstoday.eu%2Fcurrent-affairs%2Fku-leuven-drops-%25E2%2580%259Ccatholic%25E2%2580%259D-its-name&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/en/2011/12/26/leuven_universitychangesitsname-1-1184056/">"Leuven University changes its name"</a>. <a href="/wiki/VRT_(broadcaster)" title="VRT (broadcaster)">VRT</a>. 26 December 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Leuven+University+changes+its+name&rft.date=2011-12-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vrt.be%2Fvrtnws%2Fen%2F2011%2F12%2F26%2Fleuven_universitychangesitsname-1-1184056%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.decroo.belgium.be/en/belgian-support-innovative-agricultural-research">"Belgian support for innovative agricultural research"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Belgian+support+for+innovative+agricultural+research&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.decroo.belgium.be%2Fen%2Fbelgian-support-innovative-agricultural-research&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hln.be/nieuws/vtm-nieuws/sanda-dia-al-eerder-slachtoffer-van-racisme-bij-reuzegom~a886bccb/">Sanda Dia al eerder slachtoffer van racisme bij Reuzegom</a> Het Laatste Nieuws, 30 August 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brusselstimes.com/news/belgium-all-news/125500/antwerp-governors-son-was-member-of-student-club-involved-in-fatal-hazing/">Antwerp governor's son was member of student club involved in fatal hazing</a> The Brussels Times, 08 August 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.demorgen.be/nieuws/studentengroepen-eisen-sterk-signaal-ku-leuven-voor-leden-reuzegom~ba9b1dfa/?referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F">Studentengroepen eisen sterk signaal KU Leuven voor leden Reuzegom</a> De Morgen, 6 August 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brusselstimes.com/news/124934/ku-leuven-staff-want-tougher-punishment-for-students-involved-in-deadly-rite/">KU Leuven staff want tougher punishment for students involved in deadly hazing</a> The Brussels Times, 04 August 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/04/world/europe/belgium-racism-sanda-dia.html">A Black Belgian Student Saw a White Fraternity as His Ticket. It Was His Death</a> The New York Times, 4 October 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-65767457">"Sanda Dia: Belgium reckons with verdict over black student's hazing death"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 2023-06-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Sanda+Dia%3A+Belgium+reckons+with+verdict+over+black+student%27s+hazing+death&rft.date=2023-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-65767457&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/english/studentservices/studentservicesleuven/index.html">"Student Services Leuven"</a>. <i>www.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=Student+Services+Leuven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fenglish%2Fstudentservices%2Fstudentservicesleuven%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/english/faculties_schools">"Faculties, departments and schools"</a>. <i>www.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=Faculties%2C+departments+and+schools&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fenglish%2Ffaculties_schools&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sturakuleuven.be/">"Studentenraad KU Leuven"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Studentenraad+KU+Leuven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sturakuleuven.be%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theo.kuleuven.be/gbib_en/news/did-you-know/more-than-1-300-000-volumes">"... that our library has more than 1.3 million volumes?"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-05-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=...+that+our+library+has+more+than+1.3+million+volumes%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheo.kuleuven.be%2Fgbib_en%2Fnews%2Fdid-you-know%2Fmore-than-1-300-000-volumes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bib.kuleuven.be/english/ub/about/libraries">"KU Leuven libraries"</a>. <i>bib.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-05-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bib.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=KU+Leuven+libraries&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbib.kuleuven.be%2Fenglish%2Fub%2Fabout%2Flibraries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KULeuveHydrogenPanel2019-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KULeuveHydrogenPanel2019_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/english/research-stories/2019/solar-hydrogen-panels">"Green Energy Breakthrough Thanks to KU Leuven Scientists"</a>. <i>www.kuleuven.be</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=Green+Energy+Breakthrough+Thanks+to+KU+Leuven+Scientists&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fenglish%2Fresearch-stories%2F2019%2Fsolar-hydrogen-panels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SustainableEnergyAndFuels2017-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SustainableEnergyAndFuels2017_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SustainableEnergyAndFuels2017_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeremansTrompoukis2017" class="citation journal cs1">Heremans, Gino; Trompoukis, Christos (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320033354">"Vapor-fed solar hydrogen production exceeding 15% efficiency using earth abundant catalysts and anion exchange membrane"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sustainable_Energy_%26_Fuels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sustainable Energy & Fuels (page does not exist)">Sustainable Energy & Fuels</a></i>. <b>1</b> (10): 2061–2065. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1039%2FC7SE00373K">10.1039/C7SE00373K</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sustainable+Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.atitle=Vapor-fed+solar+hydrogen+production+exceeding+15%25+efficiency+using+earth+abundant+catalysts+and+anion+exchange+membrane&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=2061-2065&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1039%2FC7SE00373K&rft.aulast=Heremans&rft.aufirst=Gino&rft.au=Trompoukis%2C+Christos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F320033354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KULeuvenHydrogenPanel2019-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KULeuvenHydrogenPanel2019_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/english/research-stories/2019/solar-hydrogen-panels">"Green Energy Breakthrough Thanks to KU Leuven Scientists"</a>. <i>www.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=Green+Energy+Breakthrough+Thanks+to+KU+Leuven+Scientists&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fenglish%2Fresearch-stories%2F2019%2Fsolar-hydrogen-panels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IEEESpectrumHydrogenPanel2019-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IEEESpectrumHydrogenPanel2019_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IEEESpectrumHydrogenPanel2019_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallucci2019" class="citation web cs1">Gallucci, Maria (2019-03-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/solar-panel-prototype-splits-water-to-produce-hydrogen">"Solar Panel Splits Water to Produce Hydrogen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Spectrum" title="IEEE Spectrum">IEEE Spectrum</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-09</span></span>. <q>A research team in Belgium says its prototype panel can produce 250 liters of hydrogen gas per day</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Spectrum&rft.atitle=Solar+Panel+Splits+Water+to+Produce+Hydrogen&rft.date=2019-03-13&rft.aulast=Gallucci&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum.ieee.org%2Fsolar-panel-prototype-splits-water-to-produce-hydrogen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-association-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-association_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://associatie.kuleuven.be/eng/about/members">Members KU Leuven Association</a>. Retrieved June 24, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_ARWU_Ranking_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/arwu/2023">"Academic Ranking of World Universities 2023"</a>. Shanghai Ranking Consultancy<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Academic+Ranking+of+World+Universities+2023&rft.pub=Shanghai+Ranking+Consultancy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shanghairanking.com%2Frankings%2Farwu%2F2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWUR_Ranking_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cwur.org/2024.php">"Global 2000 List by the Center for World University Rankings; 2024 Edition"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Center_for_World_University_Rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for World University Rankings">Center for World University Rankings (CWUR)</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Center+for+World+University+Rankings+%28CWUR%29&rft.atitle=Global+2000+List+by+the+Center+for+World+University+Rankings%3B+2024+Edition&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcwur.org%2F2024.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_CWTS_Leiden_Ranking_50-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.leidenranking.com/ranking/2024/list">"CWTS Leiden Ranking 2024 - P(top 10%)"</a>. <i>Centrum voor Wetenschap en Technologische Studies (CWTS), <a href="/wiki/Leiden_University" title="Leiden University">Leiden University</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Centrum+voor+Wetenschap+en+Technologische+Studies+%28CWTS%29%2C+Leiden+University&rft.atitle=CWTS+Leiden+Ranking+2024+-+P%28top+10%25%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.leidenranking.com%2Franking%2F2024%2Flist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KU_Leuven_QS_World_Ranking-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_QS_World_Ranking_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_QS_World_Ranking_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topuniversities.com/world-university-rankings">"QS World University Rankings 2025"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Quacquarelli_Symonds" title="Quacquarelli Symonds">Quacquarelli Symonds Ltd.</a><span class="reference-accessdate"> Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QS+World+University+Rankings+2025&rft.pub=Quacquarelli+Symonds+Ltd.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topuniversities.com%2Fworld-university-rankings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters_Ranking_World-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_Ranking_World_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_Ranking_World_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/graphics/AMERS-REUTERS%20RANKING-INNOVATIVE-UNIVERSITIES/0100B2JP1W1/index.html">"The World's Most Innovative Universities 2019"</a>. <i>Thomson Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thomson+Reuters&rft.atitle=The+World%27s+Most+Innovative+Universities+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fgraphics%2FAMERS-REUTERS%2520RANKING-INNOVATIVE-UNIVERSITIES%2F0100B2JP1W1%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KU_Leuven_THE_Ranking-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_THE_Ranking_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_THE_Ranking_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2024/world-ranking">"World University Rankings 2024"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education" title="Times Higher Education">Times Higher Education (THE)</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Higher+Education+%28THE%29&rft.atitle=World+University+Rankings+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.com%2Fworld-university-rankings%2F2024%2Fworld-ranking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_USNWR_Ranking_54-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/rankings">"2024-2025 Best Global Universities Rankings"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.atitle=2024-2025+Best+Global+Universities+Rankings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Feducation%2Fbest-global-universities%2Frankings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KU_Leuven_QS_Ranking-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_QS_Ranking_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2024">"QS World University Rankings 2024"</a>. 25 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QS+World+University+Rankings+2024&rft.date=2023-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topuniversities.com%2Funiversity-rankings%2Fworld-university-rankings%2F2024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KU_Leuven_THE_Rankning-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KU_Leuven_THE_Rankning_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2023/world-ranking">"World University Rankings"</a>. <i>Times Higher Education (THE)</i>. 4 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+Higher+Education+%28THE%29&rft.atitle=World+University+Rankings&rft.date=2022-10-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.com%2Fworld-university-rankings%2F2023%2Fworld-ranking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters_Ranking_Europe-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_Ranking_Europe_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/graphics/EUROPE-UNIVERSITY-INNOVATION/010091N02HR/index.html">"Europe's Most Innovative Universities 2019"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Europe%27s+Most+Innovative+Universities+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fgraphics%2FEUROPE-UNIVERSITY-INNOVATION%2F010091N02HR%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topuniversities.com/subject-rankings/2019">"QS World University Rankings by Subject 2019"</a>. <i>Top Universities</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-05-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Top+Universities&rft.atitle=QS+World+University+Rankings+by+Subject+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topuniversities.com%2Fsubject-rankings%2F2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sic : "traditur" pour "traduntur".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nieuws.kuleuven.be/en/content/2016/ku-leuven-and-ugent-to-confer-joint-honorary-doctorate-on-angela-merkel">"KU Leuven and UGent to confer joint honorary doctorate on Angela Merkel"</a>. <i>nieuws.kuleuven.be</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nieuws.kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=KU+Leuven+and+UGent+to+confer+joint+honorary+doctorate+on+Angela+Merkel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnieuws.kuleuven.be%2Fen%2Fcontent%2F2016%2Fku-leuven-and-ugent-to-confer-joint-honorary-doctorate-on-angela-merkel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKU+Leuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuleuven.be/english">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Dutch)</span> KU Leuven: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110705023027/http://www.kuleuven.be/about/history.html">History of KU Leuven</a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuleuven.be/overons/geschiedenis.html">KU Leuven, zes eeuwen geschiedenis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paked.net/higher_education/international_universities/Katholieke%20Universiteit%20Leuven.htm">International Ranking of Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (2008)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_of_Louvain/Leuven" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_of_Louvain" title="Template:Universities of Louvain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_of_Louvain" title="Template talk:Universities of Louvain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_of_Louvain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities of Louvain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_of_Louvain/Leuven" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Universities of Louvain/Leuven</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">1425–1797</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Old_University_of_Leuven" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">Old University of Leuven</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Theology,_Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Faculty of Theology, Old University of Leuven">Faculty of Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arras_College,_Leuven" title="Arras College, Leuven">Arras College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegium_Trilingue" title="Collegium Trilingue">Collegium Trilingue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Ghost_College,_Leuven" title="Holy Ghost College, Leuven">Holy Ghost College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_College,_Leuven" title="Liège College, Leuven">Liège College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Ivo%27s_College,_Leuven" title="St Ivo's College, Leuven">Saint Ivo's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope%27s_College,_Leuven" title="Pope's College, Leuven">Pope's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Anne%27s_College,_Leuven" title="St Anne's College, Leuven">Saint Anne's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Anthony%27s_College,_Leuven" title="St Anthony's College, Leuven">St Anthony's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Leuven" title="Trinity College, Leuven">Trinity College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hall_(Leuven)" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hall (Leuven)">University Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Category:Academic staff of the Old University of Leuven">Academic staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_University_of_Leuven_alumni" title="Category:Old University of Leuven alumni">Alumni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">1817–1835</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_Leuven" title="State University of Leuven">State University of Leuven</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">1834–1835</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Mechlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic University of Mechlin">Catholic University of Mechlin</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">1835–1968</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="CatholicUniversityof_Louvain" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic University of Louvain">Catholic<br />University<br />of Louvain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Institutions:</b> <a href="/wiki/American_College_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="American College of the Immaculate Conception">American College of the Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Anthony%27s_College,_Leuven" title="St Anthony's College, Leuven">St Anthony's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovanium_University" title="Lovanium University">Lovanium University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Theology,_Catholic_University_of_Leuven" title="Faculty of Theology, Catholic University of Leuven">Faculty of Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hall_(Leuven)" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hall (Leuven)">University Hall</a><br /><b>Personalities:</b> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XVI" title="Pope Gregory XVI">Pope Gregory XVI</a></li> <li>Rector <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Fran%C3%A7ois_Xavier_de_Ram" title="Pierre François Xavier de Ram">Pierre de Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9-Joseph_Mercier" title="Désiré-Joseph Mercier">Désiré-Joseph Mercier</a></li> <li>Rector <a href="/wiki/Paulin_Ladeuze" title="Paulin Ladeuze">Paulin Ladeuze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Lema%C3%AEtre" title="Georges Lemaître">Georges Lemaître</a><br /><b>Nobel prizes:</b> <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Beernaert" title="Auguste Beernaert">Auguste Beernaert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Pire" title="Dominique Pire">Dominique Pire</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)_alumni" title="Category:Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968) alumni">Alumni</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Belgian_American_Educational_Foundation" title="Belgian American Educational Foundation">Belgian American Educational Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedes_Sapientiae,_Leuven" title="Sedes Sapientiae, Leuven">Sedes Sapientiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_of_the_Catholic_University_of_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Split of the Catholic University of Louvain">Split of the Catholic University of Louvain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Since 1968</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain" title="UCLouvain">UCLouvain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve" title="Louvain-la-Neuve">Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_Brussels_Woluwe" title="UCLouvain Brussels Woluwe">Brussels Woluwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_FUCaM_Mons" title="UCLouvain FUCaM Mons">FUCaM Mons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Louis_University,_Brussels" title="Saint-Louis University, Brussels">Saint-Louis Brussels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHU_UCLouvain_Namur" title="CHU UCLouvain Namur">CHU Namur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_Charleroi" title="UCLouvain Charleroi">UCLouvain Charleroi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve" title="Louvain-la-Neuve">Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woluwe-Saint-Lambert" title="Woluwe-Saint-Lambert">Woluwe-Saint-Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Gilles,_Belgium" title="Saint-Gilles, Belgium">Saint-Gilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mons,_Belgium" title="Mons, Belgium">Mons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tournai" title="Tournai">Tournai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleroi" title="Charleroi">Charleroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namur" title="Namur">Namur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinant" title="Dinant">Dinant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvoir" title="Yvoir">Yvoir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Faculties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvain_School_of_Management" title="Louvain School of Management">Louvain School of Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain_School_of_Engineering" title="Louvain School of Engineering">Louvain School of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Haps_Faculty_of_Translation_and_Interpreting" title="Marie Haps Faculty of Translation and Interpreting">Marie Haps Faculty of Translation and Interpreting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_Faculty_of_Economic,_Social_and_Political_Sciences_and_Communication" title="UCLouvain Faculty of Economic, Social and Political Sciences and Communication">Faculty of Economic, Social and Political Sciences and Communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_Faculty_of_Architecture,_Architectural_Engineering_and_Urban_Planning" title="UCLouvain Faculty of Architecture, Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning">Faculty of Architecture, Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Higher_Institute_of_Philosophy" title="Higher Institute of Philosophy">Higher Institute of Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve_Cyclotron" title="Louvain-la-Neuve Cyclotron">Cyclotron Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Operations_Research_and_Econometrics" title="Center for Operations Research and Econometrics">Center for Operations Research and Econometrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Research_on_the_Epidemiology_of_Disasters" title="Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters">Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_d%27Etudes_des_Crises_et_Conflits_Internationaux" title="Centre d'Etudes des Crises et Conflits Internationaux">Centre d'Etudes des Crises et Conflits Internationaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Chair" title="Hoover Chair">Hoover Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_for_the_Analysis_of_Organisational_Communication_Systems" title="Laboratory for the Analysis of Organisational Communication Systems">Laboratory for the Analysis of Organisational Communication Systems</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cliniques_universitaires_Saint-Luc" title="Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc">Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHU_UCLouvain_Namur" title="CHU UCLouvain Namur">CHU UCLouvain Namur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Press</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presses_universitaires_de_Louvain" title="Presses universitaires de Louvain">Presses universitaires de Louvain</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revue_philosophique_de_Louvain" title="Revue philosophique de Louvain">Revue philosophique de Louvain</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Philosophical_Bibliography" title="International Philosophical Bibliography">International Philosophical Bibliography</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cahiers_de_l%27Institut_de_Linguistique_de_Louvain" title="Cahiers de l'Institut de Linguistique de Louvain">Cahiers de l'Institut de Linguistique de Louvain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revue_d%27histoire_eccl%C3%A9siastique" title="Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique">Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Scriptorum_Christianorum_Orientalium" title="Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium">Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Subsidiary entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_L" title="Musée L">Musée L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aula_Magna_(UCLouvain)" title="Aula Magna (UCLouvain)">Aula Magna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve_Cyclotron" title="Louvain-la-Neuve Cyclotron">Louvain-la-Neuve Cyclotron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain_Coop%C3%A9ration" title="Louvain Coopération">Louvain Coopération</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve_Science_Park" title="Louvain-la-Neuve Science Park">Louvain-la-Neuve Science Park</a></li> <li>Initialis Science Park</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_Louvain" title="Académie Louvain">Académie Louvain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Rectors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Macq" title="Pierre Macq">Pierre Macq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Coulie" title="Bernard Coulie">Bernard Coulie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Blondel" title="Vincent Blondel">Vincent Blondel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Nobel prizes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">Christian de Duve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Albert Claude</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvain_modularity" class="mw-redirect" title="Louvain modularity">Louvain modularity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claroline" title="Claroline">Claroline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestre_Symphonique_des_%C3%89tudiants_de_Louvain-la-Neuve" title="Orchestre Symphonique des Étudiants de Louvain-la-Neuve">Orchestre Symphonique des Étudiants de Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24h_v%C3%A9lo_de_Louvain-la-Neuve" class="mw-redirect" title="24h vélo de Louvain-la-Neuve">24h vélo de Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Congolese_Students" title="Progressive Congolese Students">Progressive Congolese Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANLO" title="ANLO">ANLO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz_(programming_language)" title="Oz (programming language)">Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekiga" title="Ekiga">Ekiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Beam_Applications" title="Ion Beam Applications">Ion Beam Applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theme-based_shared_flat_(kot-%C3%A0-projet)" title="Theme-based shared flat (kot-à-projet)">Kot-à-projet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" title="Category:Academic staff of the Université catholique de Louvain">Academic staff</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain_alumni" title="Category:Université catholique de Louvain alumni">Alumni</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align: center;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">KU Leuven</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_Kulak" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Kulak">KULAK</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven">Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortrijk" title="Kortrijk">Kortrijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geel" title="Geel">Geel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diepenbeek" title="Diepenbeek">Diepenbeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aalst,_Belgium" title="Aalst, Belgium">Aalst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint-Katelijne-Waver" title="Sint-Katelijne-Waver">Sint-Katelijne-Waver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Faculties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Philosophy,_KU_Leuven" title="Institute of Philosophy, KU Leuven">Institute of Philosophy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leuven_Centre_for_Global_Governance_Studies" title="Leuven Centre for Global Governance Studies">Leuven Centre for Global Governance Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rega_Institute_for_Medical_Research" title="Rega Institute for Medical Research">Rega Institute for Medical Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_Laboratory" title="Switch Laboratory">Switch Laboratory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UZ_Leuven" title="UZ Leuven">UZ Leuven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Press</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leuven_University_Press" title="Leuven University Press">Leuven University Press</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revue_d%27histoire_eccl%C3%A9siastique" title="Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique">Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ITL_International_Journal_of_Applied_Linguistics" title="ITL International Journal of Applied Linguistics">ITL International Journal of Applied Linguistics</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiary entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kasteel_van_Arenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasteel van Arenberg">Arenberg Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arenberg_Research-Park" title="Arenberg Research-Park">Arenberg Research-Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven_Association" title="KU Leuven Association">KU Leuven Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hall_(Leuven)" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hall (Leuven)">University Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rectors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pieter_De_Somer" title="Pieter De Somer">Pieter De Somer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Vervenne" title="Marc Vervenne">Marc Vervenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Waer" title="Mark Waer">Mark Waer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rik_Torfs" title="Rik Torfs">Rik Torfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Sels" title="Luc Sels">Luc Sels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Theological_Faculty" title="Evangelical Theological Faculty">Evangelical Theological Faculty</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Academic_libraries_in_Leuven" title="Academic libraries in Leuven">Academic libraries in Leuven</a> · <a href="/wiki/Universities_in_Leuven" title="Universities in Leuven">Universities in Leuven</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Coimbra_Group" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#4682b4;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Coimbra_Group" title="Template:Coimbra Group"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Coimbra_Group" title="Template talk:Coimbra Group"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Coimbra_Group" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Coimbra Group"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Coimbra_Group" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Coimbra_Group" title="Coimbra Group"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Coimbra Group</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aarhus_University" title="Aarhus University">Aarhus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Barcelona" title="University of Barcelona">Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bergen" title="University of Bergen">Bergen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bologna" title="University of Bologna">Bologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C3%B6tv%C3%B6s_Lor%C3%A1nd_University" title="Eötvös Loránd University">Budapest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Coimbra" title="University of Coimbra">Coimbra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cologne" title="University of Cologne">Cologne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Dublin (TCD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Galway" title="University of Galway">Galway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Geneva" title="University of Geneva">Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_G%C3%B6ttingen" title="University of Göttingen">Göttingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Granada" title="University of Granada">Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Graz" title="University of Graz">Graz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Groningen" title="University of Groningen">Groningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_University" title="Heidelberg University">Heidelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Ioan_Cuza_University" title="Alexandru Ioan Cuza University">Iași</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_University" title="Istanbul University">Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Jena" title="University of Jena">Jena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagiellonian_University" title="Jagiellonian University">Kraków</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiden_University" title="Leiden University">Leiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Montpellier" title="University of Montpellier">Montpellier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Val%C3%A9ry_University_Montpellier_3" title="Paul Valéry University Montpellier 3">Montpellier 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Padua" title="University of Padua">Padua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pavia" title="University of Pavia">Pavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Poitiers" title="University of Poitiers">Poitiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_University_in_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles University in Prague">Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_State_University" title="Saint Petersburg State University">St. Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Siena" title="University of Siena">Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tartu" title="University of Tartu">Tartu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Turku" title="University of Turku">Turku I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85bo_Akademi_University" title="Åbo Akademi University">Turku II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University" title="Uppsala University">Uppsala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utrecht_University" title="Utrecht University">Utrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilnius_University" title="Vilnius University">Vilnius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="University of Würzburg">Würzburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="League_of_European_Research_Universities_(LERU)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="Template:League of European Research Universities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="Template talk:League of European Research Universities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:League of European Research Universities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="League_of_European_Research_Universities_(LERU)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="League of European Research Universities">League of European Research Universities (LERU)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Barcelona" title="University of Barcelona">Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Copenhagen" title="University of Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Dublin (TCD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Freiburg" title="University of Freiburg">Freiburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Geneva" title="University of Geneva">Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_Karl_University_of_Heidelberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">Helsinki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leiden" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Leiden">Leiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lund_University" title="Lund University">Lund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Milan" title="University of Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich" title="Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich">LMU Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-Saclay_University" title="Paris-Saclay University">Paris-Saclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_University" title="Sorbonne University">Sorbonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strasbourg" title="University of Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">UCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utrecht_University" title="Utrecht University">Utrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Zurich" title="University of Zurich">Zurich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="CESAER" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conference_of_European_Schools_for_Advanced_Engineering_Education_and_Research" title="Template:Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conference_of_European_Schools_for_Advanced_Engineering_Education_and_Research" title="Template talk:Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conference_of_European_Schools_for_Advanced_Engineering_Education_and_Research" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="CESAER" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/CESAER" title="CESAER">CESAER</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aalborg_University" title="Aalborg University">Aalborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aalto_University" title="Aalto University">Aalto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Technical_University_of_Athens" title="National Technical University of Athens">Athens Polytechnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Belgrade" title="University of Belgrade">Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_University_of_Technology_and_Economics" title="Budapest University of Technology and Economics">BME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brno_University_of_Technology" title="Brno University of Technology">BUT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalmers_University_of_Technology" title="Chalmers University of Technology">Chalmers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_F%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_de_Lausanne" title="École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne">EPFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ETH_Zurich" title="ETH Zurich">ETH Zurich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk_University_of_Technology" title="Gdańsk University of Technology">Gdańsk University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghent_University" title="Ghent University">Ghent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graz_University_of_Technology" title="Graz University of Technology">Graz University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenoble_Alpes_University" title="Grenoble Alpes University">Grenoble Alpes University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_sciences_Appliqu%C3%A9es_de_Lyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut national des sciences Appliquées de Lyon">INSA de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Polytechnique_de_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut Polytechnique de Paris">IP Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Superior_T%C3%A9cnico" title="Instituto Superior Técnico">IST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Technical_University" title="Istanbul Technical University">ITU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe_Institute_of_Technology" title="Karlsruhe Institute of Technology">KIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Kyiv Polytechnic Institute">KPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Institute of Technology">KTH</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">KU Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leibniz_University_Hannover" title="Leibniz University Hannover">Leibniz University Hannover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lund_University" title="Lund University">Lund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_University_of_Lisbon" class="mw-redirect" title="New University of Lisbon">NOVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Norwegian University of Science and Technology">NTNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris-Saclay" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Paris-Saclay">Paris-Saclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ParisTech" title="ParisTech">ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Turin" title="Polytechnic University of Turin">POLITO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Milan" title="Polytechnic University of Milan">Polytechnic University of Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Porto" title="University of Porto">Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politehnica_University_of_Bucharest" title="Politehnica University of Bucharest">PUB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84_University_of_Technology" title="Poznań University of Technology">PUT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RWTH_Aachen_University" title="RWTH Aachen University">RWTH Aachen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapienza_University_of_Rome" title="Sapienza University of Rome">Sapienza University of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_University_of_Technology_in_Bratislava" title="Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava">STU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stuttgart" title="University of Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Surrey" title="University of Surrey">Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technion_%E2%80%93_Israel_Institute_of_Technology" title="Technion – Israel Institute of Technology">Technion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical University of Berlin">TU Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Braunschweig" title="Technical University of Braunschweig">TU Braunschweig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technische_Universit%C3%A4t_Darmstadt" title="Technische Universität Darmstadt">TU Darmstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delft_University_of_Technology" title="Delft University of Technology">TU Delft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TU_Dresden" title="TU Dresden">TU Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_University_of_Technology" title="Warsaw University of Technology">TU Warsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TU_Wien" title="TU Wien">TU Wien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Twente" title="University of Twente">Twente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">UCLouvain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Catalonia" title="Polytechnic University of Catalonia">UPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Madrid" title="Technical University of Madrid">UPM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Polytechnic University of Valencia">UPV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Dublin" title="University College Dublin">UCD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_in_Belgium" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_in_Belgium" title="Template:Universities in Belgium"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_in_Belgium" title="Template talk:Universities in Belgium"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_in_Belgium" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities in Belgium"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_in_Belgium" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Belgium" title="List of universities in Belgium">Universities in Belgium</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dutch-speaking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghent_University" title="Ghent University">Ghent University</a> (UGent)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Catholic University of Leuven</a> (KU Leuven)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Antwerp" title="University of Antwerp">University of Antwerp</a> (UA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hasselt" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hasselt">University of Hasselt</a> (UHasselt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrije_Universiteit_Brussel" title="Vrije Universiteit Brussel">Free University of Brussels</a> (VUB)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">French-speaking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Louis_University,_Brussels" title="Saint-Louis University, Brussels">Saint-Louis University, Brussels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_libre_de_Bruxelles" title="Université libre de Bruxelles">Université libre de Bruxelles</a> (ULB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="University of Liège">University of Liège</a> (ULiège)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">Catholic University of Louvain</a> (UCLouvain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Mons" class="mw-redirect" title="Université de Mons">University of Mons</a> (UMons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Namur" title="Université de Namur">University of Namur</a> (UNamur)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brussels_Faculty_for_Protestant_Theology" title="Brussels Faculty for Protestant Theology">Faculty for Protestant Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnational_University_Limburg" title="Transnational University Limburg">Transnational University Limburg</a> (tUL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Theological_Faculty" title="Evangelical Theological Faculty">Evangelical Theological Faculty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Postgraduate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Tropical_Medicine_Antwerp" title="Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp">Institute of Tropical Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Europe" title="College of Europe">College of Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_Academy_(Belgium)" title="Royal Military Academy (Belgium)">Royal Military Academy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Master_of_Public_Administration_Consortium" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#0F4D92; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Masters_in_Public_Administration_Network" title="Template:European Masters in Public Administration Network"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Masters_in_Public_Administration_Network" title="Template talk:European Masters in Public Administration Network"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Masters_in_Public_Administration_Network" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Masters in Public Administration Network"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Master_of_Public_Administration_Consortium" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Master_of_Public_Administration_Consortium" title="European Master of Public Administration Consortium"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">European Master of Public Administration Consortium</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corvinus_University_of_Budapest" title="Corvinus University of Budapest">Corvinus University of Budapest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Geneva" title="University of Geneva">University of Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiden_University" title="Leiden University">Leiden University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">KU Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">University of Louvain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Limerick" title="University of Limerick">University of Limerick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">University of Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%89tudes_Politiques_de_Lyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d'Études Politiques de Lyon">Institut d'Études Politiques de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Sciences Po Paris">Sciences Po Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus_University_Rotterdam" title="Erasmus University Rotterdam">Erasmus University Rotterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_University_of_Administrative_Sciences_Speyer" title="German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer">German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallinn_University_of_Technology" title="Tallinn University of Technology">Tallinn University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Vaasa" title="University of Vaasa">University of Vaasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Transatlantic_Policy_Consortium" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Transatlantic_Policy_Consortium" title="Template:Transatlantic Policy Consortium"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Transatlantic_Policy_Consortium" title="Template talk:Transatlantic Policy Consortium"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Transatlantic_Policy_Consortium" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Transatlantic Policy Consortium"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Transatlantic_Policy_Consortium" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Transatlantic_Policy_Consortium" title="Transatlantic Policy Consortium">Transatlantic Policy Consortium</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middlebury_College" title="Middlebury College">Middlebury College</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monterey_Institute_of_International_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Monterey Institute of International Studies">Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" title="University of Southern California">University of Southern California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USC_Price_School_of_Public_Policy" title="USC Price School of Public Policy">USC Price School of Public Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia" title="University of Georgia">University of Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia_School_of_Public_and_International_Affairs" title="University of Georgia School of Public and International Affairs">University of Georgia School of Public and International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_University_Bloomington" title="Indiana University Bloomington">Indiana University Bloomington</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indiana_University%E2%80%93Purdue_University_Indianapolis" title="Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis">Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_University_Maurer_School_of_Law" title="Indiana University Maurer School of Law">Indiana University Maurer School of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Neill_School_of_Public_and_Environmental_Affairs" title="O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs">O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">University of Maryland, College Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland_School_of_Public_Policy" title="University of Maryland School of Public Policy">University of Maryland School of Public Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_University" title="Suffolk University">Suffolk University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_University_Law_School" title="Suffolk University Law School">Suffolk University Law School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University" title="Rutgers University">Rutgers University</a> <ul><li>Rutgers School of Public Affairs and Administration</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Graduate_School_of_Public_Service" title="Wagner Graduate School of Public Service">Wagner Graduate School of Public Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_University" title="Syracuse University">Syracuse University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_School_of_Citizenship_and_Public_Affairs" title="Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs">Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_at_Albany,_SUNY" title="University at Albany, SUNY">University at Albany, SUNY</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_College_of_Public_Affairs_%26_Policy" title="Rockefeller College of Public Affairs & Policy">Rockefeller College of Public Affairs & Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh_Graduate_School_of_Public_and_International_Affairs" title="University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public and International Affairs">University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public and International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas at Austin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson_School_of_Public_Affairs" title="Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs">Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Mason_University" title="George Mason University">George Mason University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schar_School_of_Policy_and_Government" title="Schar School of Policy and Government">Schar School of Policy and Government</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_University" title="American University">American University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_University_School_of_Public_Affairs" title="American University School of Public Affairs">American University School of Public Affairs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">KU Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danish_School_of_Public_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danish School of Public Administration (page does not exist)">Danish School of Public Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Sciences_et_Lettres_University" title="Paris Sciences et Lettres University">Paris Sciences et Lettres University (PSL University)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_du_service_public" title="Institut national du service public">Institut national du service public</a> (as successor to the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_d%27Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="École Nationale d'Administration">École Nationale d'Administration</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_University" title="Sorbonne University">Sorbonne University</a> (as successor to <a href="/wiki/Paris-Sorbonne_University" title="Paris-Sorbonne University">Paris-Sorbonne University</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reims_Champagne-Ardenne" title="University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne">University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Federal_Academy_of_Public_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Federal Academy of Public Administration (page does not exist)">Federal Academy of Public Administration</a> (Associate Member)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_University_of_Administrative_Sciences_Speyer" title="German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer">German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Research_Institute_for_Public_Administration_Speyer" class="mw-redirect" title="German Research Institute for Public Administration Speyer">German Research Institute for Public Administration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertie_School_of_Governance" class="mw-redirect" title="Hertie School of Governance">Hertie School of Governance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe_Institute_of_Technology" title="Karlsruhe Institute of Technology">Karlsruhe Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Geoanthropology" title="Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology">Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology</a> <ul><li>Max Planck Institute of Economics</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Potsdam" title="University of Potsdam">University of Potsdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bremen" title="University of Bremen">University of Bremen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Erfurt" title="University of Erfurt">University of Erfurt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt_School_of_Public_Policy" title="Willy Brandt School of Public Policy">Willy Brandt School of Public Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeppelin_University" title="Zeppelin University">Zeppelin University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delft_University_of_Technology" title="Delft University of Technology">Delft University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus_University_Rotterdam" title="Erasmus University Rotterdam">Erasmus University Rotterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiden_University" title="Leiden University">Leiden University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilburg_University" title="Tilburg University">Tilburg University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utrecht_University" title="Utrecht University">Utrecht University</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Polish_Institute_of_International_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Polish Institute of International Affairs (page does not exist)">The Polish Institute of International Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lisbon" title="University of Lisbon">University of Lisbon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Superior_T%C3%A9cnico" title="Instituto Superior Técnico">Instituto Superior Técnico</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Juan_Carlos_University" title="King Juan Carlos University">King Juan Carlos University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompeu_Fabra_University" title="Pompeu Fabra University">Pompeu Fabra University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping_University" title="Jönköping University">Jönköping University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Birmingham" title="University of Birmingham">University of Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">University of Glasgow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Una_Europa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#3B38EB;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Una_Europa" title="Template:Una Europa"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Una_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Una Europa (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Una_Europa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Una Europa"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Una_Europa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Una_Europa" title="Una Europa"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Una Europa</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_University_of_Berlin" title="Free University of Berlin">FU Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bologna" title="University of Bologna">Bologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">Helsinki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagiellonian_University" title="Jagiellonian University">Kraków (Jagiellonian)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complutense_University_of_Madrid" title="Complutense University of Madrid">Madrid (Complutense)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_1_Panth%C3%A9on-Sorbonne_University" title="Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University">Paris I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Christian_universities_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#173468; color: #ffffff;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christian_universities_in_Europe" title="Template:Christian universities in Europe"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #ffffff">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Christian_universities_in_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Christian universities in Europe (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #ffffff">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christian_universities_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christian universities in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #ffffff">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Christian_universities_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Christian universities in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelische_Hochschule_Berlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelische Hochschule Berlin (page does not exist)">EHB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Eichst%C3%A4tt-Ingolstadt" title="Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt">KU Eichstätt-Ingolstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catholic_University_of_Applied_Sciences_Berlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catholic University of Applied Sciences Berlin (page does not exist)">KHSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Applied_Sciences_Freiburg" title="Catholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg">KH Freiburg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelische_Hochschule_Darmstadt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelische Hochschule Darmstadt (page does not exist)">EHD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Ludwigsburg_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelical Ludwigsburg University (page does not exist)">EFH Ludwigsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_University_of_Applied_Sciences_for_Social_Work,_Education,_and_Care&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelical University of Applied Sciences for Social Work, Education, and Care (page does not exist)">EHS Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Applied_Sciences,_Mainz" title="Catholic University of Applied Sciences, Mainz">KH Mainz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catholic_University_of_Applied_Sciences_Munich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catholic University of Applied Sciences Munich (page does not exist)">KSH München</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_University_of_Applied_Sciences_Nuremberg" title="Lutheran University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg">EVHN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libera_Universit%C3%A0_Maria_SS._Assunta" title="Libera Università Maria SS. Assunta">LUMSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas" title="Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas">Angelicum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="Pontifical University of the Holy Cross">PUSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Gregorian_University" title="Pontifical Gregorian University">UniGre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lateran_University" title="Pontifical Lateran University">PUL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonianum" title="Antonianum">Antonianum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Cattolica_del_Sacro_Cuore" title="Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore">UniCatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesian_Pontifical_University" title="Salesian Pontifical University">UPS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ede_Christian_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Ede Christian University of Applied Sciences">CHE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reformed_University_of_Applies_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reformed University of Applies Sciences (page does not exist)">GH-GPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radboud_University_Nijmegen" title="Radboud University Nijmegen">RU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilburg_University" title="Tilburg University">Tilburg University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Christian_Humanities_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian Christian Humanities Academy (page does not exist)">RCHGI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_John_University_(Russia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint John University (Russia) (page does not exist)">RPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Tikhon%27s_Orthodox_University" title="Saint Tikhon's Orthodox University">PSTGU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaoksky_Adventist_University" title="Zaoksky Adventist University">ZAU</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CEU_Cardinal_Herrera_University" title="CEU Cardinal Herrera University">CEU Herrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencia_Catholic_University_Saint_Vincent_Martyr" title="Valencia Catholic University Saint Vincent Martyr">UCV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Deusto" title="University of Deusto">Deusto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Navarra" title="University of Navarra">UNAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comillas_Pontifical_University" title="Comillas Pontifical University">Comillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_Salamanca" title="Pontifical University of Salamanca">UPSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universidad_CEU_San_Pablo" title="Universidad CEU San Pablo">CEU San Pablo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Ramon_Llull" title="University Ramon Llull">URL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Other countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Austria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_University_Vienna" title="International University Vienna">IU</a></li></ul></li> <li>Belgium <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">KU Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain" title="UCLouvain">UCLouvain</a></li></ul></li> <li>Finland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diaconia_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Diaconia University of Applied Sciences">DIAK</a></li></ul></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Lille" title="Université catholique de Lille">UCLi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_the_West" title="Catholic University of the West">UCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Lyon" title="Catholic University of Lyon">UCLy</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hungary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roli_G%C3%A1sp%C3%A1r_University_of_the_Reformed_Church_in_Hungary" title="Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary">KRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1zm%C3%A1ny_P%C3%A9ter_Catholic_University" title="Pázmány Péter Catholic University">PPCU</a></li></ul></li> <li>Lithuania <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LCC_International_University" title="LCC International University">LCC</a></li></ul></li> <li>Norway <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansgar_College_and_Theological_Seminary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ansgar College and Theological Seminary (page does not exist)">Ansgarskolen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diakonhjemmet_University_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diakonhjemmet University College (page does not exist)">Diakonhjemmet</a></li></ul></li> <li>Poland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Catholic_University_of_Lublin" title="John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin">KUL</a></li></ul></li> <li>Portugal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Portugal" title="Catholic University of Portugal">UCP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Romania <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emanuel_University_of_Orade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emanuel University of Orade (page does not exist)">Emanuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partium_Christian_University" title="Partium Christian University">Partium</a></li></ul></li> <li>Slovakia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_in_Ru%C5%BEomberok" title="Catholic University in Ružomberok">KU Ružomberok</a></li></ul></li> <li>Switzerland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Fribourg" title="University of Fribourg">UniFr</a></li></ul></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Christ_Church_University" title="Canterbury Christ Church University">CCCU</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ukraine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Catholic_University" title="Ukrainian Catholic University">UCU</a></li></ul></li> <li>Vatican <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Urban_University" title="Pontifical Urban University">Urbaniana</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q833670#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q833670#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q833670#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000106687884">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/262278305">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4193733-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81101009">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118703270">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118703270">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36515043">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Université catholique de Louvain (1835-1969)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2008457714&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Université catholique de Louvain (1970- )"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003183586&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven (1970- )"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20030604016&CON_LNG=ENG">3</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX90785">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/502284">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90257077">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810688461005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/2444">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007311245305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058513032706706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/758419eb-54c5-4903-a107-12cb72ce2e5e">MusicBrainz place</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA03687410?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500301362">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1266323">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026458632">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&oldid=1256852612">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&oldid=1256852612</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:KU_Leuven" title="Category:KU Leuven">KU Leuven</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_University_of_Leuven" title="Category:Catholic University of Leuven">Catholic University of Leuven</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Leuven" title="Category:Buildings and structures in Leuven">Buildings and structures in Leuven</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_Leuven" title="Category:Education in Leuven">Education in Leuven</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_universities_and_colleges_in_Belgium" title="Category:Catholic universities and colleges in Belgium">Catholic universities and colleges in Belgium</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pontifical_universities" title="Category:Pontifical universities">Pontifical universities</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1970_establishments_in_Belgium" title="Category:1970 establishments in Belgium">1970 establishments in Belgium</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_and_colleges_established_in_1834" title="Category:Universities and colleges established in 1834">Universities and colleges established in 1834</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Dutch_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Dutch IPA">Pages with Dutch IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_including_recorded_pronunciations" title="Category:Pages including recorded pronunciations">Pages including recorded pronunciations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Dutch-language_sources_(nl)" title="Category:Articles with Dutch-language sources (nl)">Articles with Dutch-language sources (nl)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Dutch-language_sources_(nl)" title="Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)">CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l-language_sources_(nb)" title="Category:CS1 Norwegian Bokmål-language sources (nb)">CS1 Norwegian Bokmål-language sources (nb)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_using_infobox_university" title="Category:Articles using infobox university">Articles using infobox university</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time" title="Category:All articles with vague or ambiguous time">All articles with vague or ambiguous time</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_February_2022" title="Category:Vague or ambiguous time from February 2022">Vague or ambiguous time from February 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_using_infobox_templates_with_no_data_rows" title="Category:Articles using infobox templates with no data rows">Articles using infobox templates with no data rows</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_to_be_split_from_May_2020" title="Category:Articles to be split from May 2020">Articles to be split from May 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_to_be_split" title="Category:All articles to be split">All articles to be split</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia" title="Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia">Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 November 2024, at 22:00<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KU_Leuven&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-74cc59cb9d-6ptg7","wgBackendResponseTime":192,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.336","walltime":"1.660","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6742,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":286767,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":9632,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":13,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":255241,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1368.773 1 -total"," 27.03% 370.026 2 Template:Reflist"," 24.19% 331.074 4 Template:Infobox"," 19.17% 262.366 1 Template:Infobox_university"," 13.53% 185.205 14 Template:Navbox"," 10.01% 137.034 32 Template:Cite_web"," 9.98% 136.640 1 Template:Langx"," 9.14% 125.111 1 Template:Cite_book"," 7.90% 108.182 1 Template:Short_description"," 7.65% 104.667 1 Template:Universities_of_Louvain"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.761","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":23228037,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-6g2tr","timestamp":"20241128022004","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"KU Leuven","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/KU_Leuven","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q833670","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q833670","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-10-18T18:13:55Z","dateModified":"2024-11-11T22:00:47Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8e\/KUL.svg","headline":"since 1969, a Dutch-speaking university, with its main campus in Leuven, Belgium"}</script> </body> </html>