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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-历史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关历史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-独立前期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#独立前期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>独立前期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-独立前期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-独立后的东姑时代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#独立后的东姑时代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>独立后的东姑时代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-独立后的东姑时代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-马来西亚与新加坡" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#马来西亚与新加坡"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>马来西亚与新加坡</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-马来西亚与新加坡-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-东姑的落日" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#东姑的落日"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>东姑的落日</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-东姑的落日-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-敦阿都拉萨时代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#敦阿都拉萨时代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>敦阿都拉萨时代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-敦阿都拉萨时代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-马哈迪时代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#马哈迪时代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>马哈迪时代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-马哈迪时代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1987年党争" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1987年党争"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>1987年党争</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1987年党争-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1993年党选" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1993年党选"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>1993年党选</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1993年党选-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-马哈迪宣布退位" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#马哈迪宣布退位"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.3</span> <span>马哈迪宣布退位</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-马哈迪宣布退位-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-阿都拉时代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#阿都拉时代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>阿都拉时代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-阿都拉时代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-纳吉时代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#纳吉时代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>纳吉时代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-纳吉时代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-阿末扎希时代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#阿末扎希时代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>阿末扎希时代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-阿末扎希时代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-思想" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#思想"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>思想</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-思想-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大选结果" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大选结果"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>大选结果</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大选结果-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-当选代表" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#当选代表"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>当选代表</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-当选代表-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关当选代表子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-当选代表-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-国会上议院" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#国会上议院"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>国会上议院</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-国会上议院-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-国会下议院" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#国会下议院"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>国会下议院</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-国会下议院-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-州立法议会" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#州立法议会"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>州立法议会</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-州立法议会-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-党的象征" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#党的象征"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>党的象征</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-党的象征-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关党的象征子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-党的象征-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-党旗" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#党旗"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>党旗</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-党旗-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-党歌" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#党歌"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>党歌</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-党歌-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bersatu,_Bersetia,_Berkhidmat[66]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bersatu,_Bersetia,_Berkhidmat[66]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Bersatu, Bersetia, Berkhidmat<sup><span>[</span>66<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bersatu,_Bersetia,_Berkhidmat[66]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-争议" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#争议"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>争议</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-争议-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关争议子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-争议-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-种族主义指控" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#种族主义指控"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>种族主义指控</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-种族主义指控-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1MDB丑闻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1MDB丑闻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>1MDB丑闻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1MDB丑闻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-领导层" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#领导层"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>领导层</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-领导层-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关领导层子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-领导层-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-现任最高理事会" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#现任最高理事会"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>现任最高理事会</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-现任最高理事会-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历任最高领导人" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历任最高领导人"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>历任最高领导人</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历任最高领导人-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">馬來民族統一機構</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。23种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="المنظمة الوطنية الملايوية المتحدة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المنظمة الوطنية الملايوية المتحدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87" title="المنظمه الوطنيه الملاويه المتحده – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المنظمه الوطنيه الملاويه المتحده" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birl%C9%99%C5%9Fmi%C5%9F_Malay_Milli_T%C9%99%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" title="Birləşmiş Malay Milli Təşkilatı – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Birləşmiş Malay Milli Təşkilatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" title="United Malays National Organisation – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="United Malays National Organisation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMNO" title="UMNO – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="UMNO" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_Nacional_de_los_Malayos_Unidos" title="Organización Nacional de los Malayos Unidos – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Organización Nacional de los Malayos Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_nationale_des_Malais_unis" title="Organisation nationale des Malais unis – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Organisation nationale des Malais unis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisasi_Kebangsaan_Melayu_Bersatu" title="Organisasi Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Organisasi Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="統一マレー国民組織 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="統一マレー国民組織" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D2%B1%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D2%B1%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Біріккен малай ұлттық ұйымы – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Біріккен малай ұлттық ұйымы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%B5%EC%9D%BC%EB%A7%90%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%81" title="통일말레이국민조직 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="통일말레이국민조직" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertubuhan_Kebangsaan_Melayu_Bersatu" title="Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Объединённая малайская национальная организация – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Объединённая малайская национальная организация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" title="United Malays National Organisation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="United Malays National Organisation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" title="United Malays National Organisation – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="United Malays National Organisation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8B" title="அம்னோ – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அம்னோ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4" title="องค์การมลายูรวมแห่งชาติ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="องค์การมลายูรวมแห่งชาติ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Malay_Ulusal_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Birleşik Malay Ulusal Örgütü – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Birleşik Malay Ulusal Örgütü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%27%D1%94%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Об'єднана малайська національна організація – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Об'єднана малайська національна організація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%92_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D9%85" title="متحد مالے قومی تنظیم – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="متحد مالے قومی تنظیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95_ch%E1%BB%A9c_D%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%99c_M%C3%A3_Lai_Th%E1%BB%91ng_nh%E1%BA%A5t" title="Tổ chức Dân tộc Mã Lai Thống nhất – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tổ chức Dân tộc Mã Lai Thống nhất" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="马来民族统一机构 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马来民族统一机构" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%AB%E7%B5%B1" title="巫統 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巫統" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1668154#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" lang="zh-Hant-HK" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding-top:0; padding-bottom:0;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #c51e1b; border-bottom:2px solid #c51e1b; line-height: 1.1;"><span class="fn org">馬來民族統一機構</span><br /><small class="nickname" style="font-size: 0.9em;">ڤرتوبوهن کبڠساءن ملايو برساتو <p>Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu </p> United Malays National Organisation</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UMNO_(Malaysia).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="巫统党旗"><img alt="巫统党旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg/150px-UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg/225px-UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg/300px-UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="756" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UMNO_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="巫统党徽"><img alt="巫统党徽" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/UMNO_logo.svg/100px-UMNO_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/UMNO_logo.svg/150px-UMNO_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/UMNO_logo.svg/200px-UMNO_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="720" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">巫统党旗与党徽</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">简称</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.4em;;">巫统（UMNO）、PEKEMBAR</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">主席</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%89%8E%E5%B8%8C" title="阿末扎希">阿末扎希</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">署理主席</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%93%88%E5%B1%B1" title="莫哈末哈山">莫哈末哈山</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">副主席</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%BA%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%AA" title="旺罗斯迪">旺罗斯迪</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%AB%8B%E8%AF%BA%E4%B8%81" title="卡立诺丁">卡立诺丁</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%90%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E7%94%98%E5%B0%BC" title="佐哈里阿都甘尼">佐哈里阿都甘尼</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">总秘书</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="阿斯拉夫">阿斯拉夫</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">巫青团团长</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿克玛沙烈" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Muhamad Akmal Saleh"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E7%8E%9B%E6%B2%99%E7%83%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿克玛沙烈（页面不存在）">阿克玛沙烈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhamad_Akmal_Saleh" class="extiw" title="en:Muhamad Akmal Saleh"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Muhamad Akmal Saleh</span></a></span>）</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">妇女组主席</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%8E%B1%E5%A6%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="诺莱妮">诺莱妮</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">总财政</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%97" title="东姑安南">东姑安南</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">创始人</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E5%98%89%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="翁嘉化">翁嘉化</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8E%E5%B7%B4" title="扎巴">扎巴</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E9%A9%AC%E5%8A%9B" title="安华·阿都马力">安华·阿都马力</a><br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="烈阿末卡马" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nik Ahmad Kamil"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%88%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E5%8D%A1%E9%A9%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="烈阿末卡马（页面不存在）">烈阿末卡马</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nik_Ahmad_Kamil" class="extiw" title="en:Nik Ahmad Kamil"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nik Ahmad Kamil</span></a></span>）</span></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E5%A7%86%E6%89%8E%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈姆扎·阿卜杜拉（页面不存在）">哈姆扎·阿卜杜拉</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">成立</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">1946年5月11日<span class="noprint">，78年前</span><span style="display:none">（<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1946-05-11</span>）</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">合法化</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">1946年5月11日<span class="noprint">，78年前</span><span style="display:none">（<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1946-05-11</span>）</span><br />（原巫统）<br />1988年2月13日<span class="noprint">，36年前</span><span style="display:none">（<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1988-02-13</span>）</span><br />（新巫统）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">前身</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">马来人统一机构</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">总部</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%9A%86%E5%9D%A1" title="吉隆坡">吉隆坡</a><br />敦依斯迈路<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="吉隆坡布特拉世界贸易中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Putra World Trade Center"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E9%9A%86%E5%9D%A1%E5%B8%83%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉隆坡布特拉世界贸易中心（页面不存在）">布特拉世界贸易中心</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putra_World_Trade_Center" class="extiw" title="en:Putra World Trade Center"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Putra World Trade Center</span></a></span>）</span></span><br />拿督翁大厦38楼</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E5%85%B3%E5%88%8A%E7%89%A9" title="机关刊物">党报</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1%E6%97%B6%E6%8A%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="新海峡时报">新海峡时报</a><br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="每日新闻 (马来西亚)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Berita Harian"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%8F%E6%97%A5%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="每日新闻 (马来西亚)（页面不存在）">每日新闻</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berita_Harian" class="extiw" title="en:Berita Harian"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Berita Harian</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="每日大都会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Harian Metro"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%8F%E6%97%A5%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="每日大都会（页面不存在）">每日大都会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harian_Metro" class="extiw" title="en:Harian Metro"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Harian Metro</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E7%BF%BC" title="青年翼">青年组织</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">巫统青年团</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%87%E5%A5%B3%E7%BF%BC" title="妇女翼">妇女组织</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">巫统妇女组</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">女青团</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">巫统女青团</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">党员<br /><span style="font-size:smaller; white-space:nowrap;">（2022年3月）</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">约339万<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E8%AD%98%E5%BD%A2%E6%85%8B" title="意識形態">意識形態</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%BA%E8%87%B3%E4%B8%8A" title="马来人至上">马来民族主義</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="社会保守主义">社会保守主义</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="民族保守主義">民族保守主義</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="伊斯蘭民主主義">伊斯兰民主主义</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%85%89%E8%AD%9C" title="政治光譜">政治立場</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B3%E7%BF%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="右翼">右翼</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="宗教">宗教信仰</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8A%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="逊尼派">逊尼派</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="政党联盟">国内组织</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Parti_Perikatan_logo.svg/20px-Parti_Perikatan_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Parti_Perikatan_logo.svg/31px-Parti_Perikatan_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Parti_Perikatan_logo.svg/40px-Parti_Perikatan_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1693" data-file-height="1270" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="联盟 (马来西亚)">聯盟</a><small>（1957年－1974年）</small><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/White_balanced_scales_icon_with_blue_background.svg/23px-White_balanced_scales_icon_with_blue_background.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/White_balanced_scales_icon_with_blue_background.svg/35px-White_balanced_scales_icon_with_blue_background.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/White_balanced_scales_icon_with_blue_background.svg/45px-White_balanced_scales_icon_with_blue_background.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="133" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="國民陣線">國民陣線</a><small>（1974年至今）</small><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Muafakat_Nasional_logo.svg/23px-Muafakat_Nasional_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Muafakat_Nasional_logo.svg/35px-Muafakat_Nasional_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Muafakat_Nasional_logo.svg/46px-Muafakat_Nasional_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="519" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E8%AF%86_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="全民共识 (马来西亚)">全民共识</a><small>（2019年－2021年）</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">官方色彩</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84565780">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-color-styled{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:#c51e1b; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> 深红色<br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> 白色</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">口號</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">团结、忠诚、服务<br /><i>United, Loyal, In Service</i><br /><i>Bersatu, Bersetia, Berkhidmat</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;">党歌</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><i>Bersatu, Bersetia, Berkhidmat</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%8A%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="马来西亚上议院">上议院</a>席次</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">11 / 70</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:16%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%8B%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="马来西亚下议院">下议院</a>席次</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">26 / 222</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:12%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="马来西亚州议会">州议会</a>席次</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">108 / 611</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:18%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84318674">@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-div{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-div mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="padding: 4px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1); text-align: center; font-size: 95%; color: inherit; border:solid 1px; background:transparent;"> <div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color collapsible-title" style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ccf; color: var(--color-emphasized,#000); width: 100%; position: relative; background:#c51e1b;;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83933911">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">各州议会席位</span><span style="position: absolute; top: 0; right: 3px;"><span class="mw-collapsible-toggle-placeholder"></span></span> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left; background:transparent;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9B%B3%E5%B7%9E%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="霹雳州立法议会">霹雳州立法议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">8 / 59</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:14%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8%E5%B7%9E%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="彭亨州立法议会">彭亨州立法议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">17 / 47</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:36%; height: 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solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:61%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%98%89%E6%A5%BC%E5%B7%9E%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="登嘉楼州立法议会">登嘉楼州立法议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">0 / 32</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:0%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83%E5%B8%82%E5%B7%9E%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="玻璃市州立法议会">玻璃市州立法议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">0 / 15</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:0%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9%E5%B7%9E%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="吉兰丹州立法议会">吉兰丹州立法议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">2 / 45</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:4%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%85%B0%E8%8E%AA%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="雪兰莪州议会">雪兰莪州议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">2 / 56</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:4%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%89%93%E5%B7%9E%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="吉打州立法议会">吉打州立法议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">0 / 36</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:0%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%9F%E5%9F%8E%E5%B7%9E%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="槟城州立法议会">槟城州立法议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">2 / 40</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:5%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="沙巴州议会">沙巴州议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">13 / 79</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:16%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="砂拉越州议会">砂拉越州议会</a><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">0 / 82</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:0%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.4em; white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%90%84%E5%B7%9E%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%A6%96%E8%84%91" title="马来西亚各州政府首脑">州務大臣</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">4 / 13</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #C51E1B !important; width:31%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height:0.9em; padding-top:0.5em; padding-bottom:0;;">党旗</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UMNO_(Malaysia).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg/150px-UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg/225px-UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg/300px-UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="756" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height:0.9em; padding-top:0.5em; padding-bottom:0;;">官方网站</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://umno.org.my/">巫统官网</a></span><br /><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://umno-online.my/">巫统官网（新闻）</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 2px solid #c51e1b"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="马来西亚政治">马来西亚政治</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="马来西亚政党列表">政党</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE" title="马来西亚选举">选举</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>马来民族统一机构</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="馬來語">馬來語</a>：<span lang="ms">Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu</span>；英語：<span lang="en">United Malays National Organisation</span>），又譯<b>巫来由人統一組織</b><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，簡稱<b>巫統</b>（PEKEMBAR；UMNO），成立於1946年<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，是<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A" title="政党">政党</a>。同時亦是<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="政党联盟">政黨聯盟</a>「<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="國民陣線">國民陣線</a>」（國陣）的创始者及最大黨派。自<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%97%A5" title="马来西亚独立日">馬來亞1957年獨立</a>後至<a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="2018年馬來西亞大選">2018年馬來西亞大選</a>为止，一直是該國的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%B7%E6%94%BF%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="執政聯盟">執政联盟</a>首领，主宰着<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="马来西亚政治">马来西亚政治</a>。自1957年脫離英國以來，由於巫統在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="國民陣線">國陣</a>或國陣的前身<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="联盟 (马来西亚)">聯盟</a>均长期佔有多數議席，并且多数党的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%9A%E9%AD%81" class="mw-redirect" title="党魁">黨魁</a>即是<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="马来西亚首相">首相</a>，因此前六任马来西亚首相都是巫统党员。 </p><p>巫统宣称“马来民族主义”是其成立的基础与愿景；坚持为民族、宗教和国家的尊严而戰鬥；同时也致力于捍卫马来文化作为民族文化，捍卫并发展<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="马来西亚伊斯兰教">马来西亚的伊斯兰教</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>此外，该党也存在着许多贪污腐败的问题，众多巫统国会议员都有官司缠身，其中包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="纳吉·阿都拉萨">纳吉·阿都拉萨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%89%8E%E5%B8%8C" title="阿末扎希">阿末扎希</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3" title="阿都阿兹·阿都拉欣">阿都阿兹·阿都拉欣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E4%BE%9D%E6%B2%99%E6%B2%99%E6%9C%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="莫哈末依沙沙末">莫哈末依沙沙末</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%BE" title="邦莫达">邦莫达</a>等人，而<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0" title="阿末马斯兰">阿末马斯兰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%97" title="东姑安南">东姑安南</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E6%B2%99%E9%98%BF%E6%9B%BC" title="慕沙阿曼">慕沙阿曼</a>则被无罪释放。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%B8%91%E9%97%BB" title="一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻">一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻</a>（1MDB）的发生也间接导致该党在<a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2018年马来西亚大选">2018年马来西亚大选</a>中惨败<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="独立前期"><span id=".E7.8B.AC.E7.AB.8B.E5.89.8D.E6.9C.9F"></span>独立前期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：独立前期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1945年，<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第二次世界大战">第二次世界大战</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%8A%95%E9%99%8D" title="日本投降">日本投降</a>後，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="英国政府">英国政府</a>再次回到<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E" title="英屬馬來亞">马来亚</a>（现在的马来西亚半岛）继续统治其殖民地。之后，英国政府为整合英属马来亚而在1946年4月1日宣布成立<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联邦">马来亚联邦</a>。由於馬來亞聯邦計劃的提出，使一向視<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="英國人">英國人</a>為「保護者」的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="馬來人">馬來人</a>（马來由人）感到遭受背棄，視之為對馬來亞的併吞。尤其是计划裡宽松的移民政策、欲開放<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="公民權">公民權</a>給当时的人口庞大的外来移民（如<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="華人">華人</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BA%BA" title="印度人">印度人</a>）的建議，使其对马来亚<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="原居民">原居民</a>的地位备感焦虑。 </p><p>在這種情況下，由<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B" title="柔佛">柔佛</a>的「半島馬來人運動」（Peninsular Malay Movement）與<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E8%98%AD%E8%8E%AA" title="雪蘭莪">雪蘭莪</a>的「馬來人協會」（Persatuan Melayu Selangor）主導的「泛馬馬來民族大會」，1946年3月1日在<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%9A%86%E5%9D%A1" title="吉隆坡">吉隆坡</a>舉行。5月10日位于新山的第三次會議上正式成立了「馬來民族統一機構」（United Malays National Organization, UMNO），又譯「巫來由人統一組織」，簡稱「巫統」（PEKEMBAR；UMNO），積極反對馬來亞聯邦計劃。當時創辦人之一<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%BF%E7%9D%A3" title="拿督">拿督</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E5%98%89%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="翁嘉化">翁嘉化</a>（再此声明，翁嘉化是马来人）被推選為首任主席。起初巫统并未争取政治权力，除了扮演支持英殖民政府的角色以外别无选择。英殖民政府跟巫统领袖合作，帮助打击<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E8%89%B2%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" class="mw-disambig" title="赤色分子">赤色分子</a>制造的暴乱。<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1949年，<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联邦">马来亚联邦</a>被半自治的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联合邦">马来亚联合邦</a>取代后，巫统开始转至注重政治及施政。马来人开始寻求出生权，因为马来亚政府没有公开宣布马来人的出生权，而造成了混乱的局面。<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1951年<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E5%98%89%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="翁嘉化">翁嘉化</a>（又譯翁查化、翁惹化）提議開放巫統黨籍，讓非馬來人參加，遭黨內拒絕，於是離開了巫統，由<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%A7%91%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="東姑阿都拉曼">東姑阿都拉曼</a>接任。翁嘉化離開巫統後，創設馬來亞獨立黨（Independence of Malaya Party, IMP）。同年，巫统在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" title="乔治市">乔治市</a>市议会选举赢得了九席中的六席。接下来，巫统吉隆坡分部跟<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%83" title="馬來西亞華人公會">马华公会</a>雪兰莪分部组成了临时特别竞选联盟，以避免在同个席位竞争地参与吉隆坡市议会选举。巫统和马华在十二席中取下九席，给予独立党一大打击。随着在其他地方议会选举取得了胜利，这临时竞选联盟在1954年正式化为“联盟”。<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1954年开始的州级选举，“联盟”在全联合邦268州席中夺下了226席。同年联邦立法议会成立，设立100席，其中52席由选举选出议员，其余48席由英国最高专员署委任。“ 联盟”要求60席由选举选出，东姑甚至远赴伦敦谈判但无果。1955年联邦议会开始进行选举，这时“联盟”迎来新成员——<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚印度国民大会党">马来亚印度人国民大会党</a>(MIC)的加入，并发布了选举宣言。宣言设立了一些目标：1959年之前独立，并为所有儿童提供至少小学的义务教育，拥护马来统治者作为君主立宪制的象征性元首，结束共产党引发的紧急状态及公共领域招聘更多马来亚人，减少外国人以改革公务员体制。<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>选举成绩一出，“联盟”在52席中取下51席，剩下的一席由泛马来亚伊斯兰党获得。东姑成为马来亚第一任首席部长。<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在这期间，马来亚的紧急状态进行中。有<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="马来亚共产党">马来亚共产党</a>支持的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="马来亚人民解放军">马来亚人民解放军</a>制造恐怖破坏行为如摧毁农场，切断交通及通讯网络，攻击警察局等，目的是要终结马来亚的殖民。英殖民政府在1948年宣布马共及其他一些左翼党派为非法组织。1955年，“联盟”政府和英国最高专员署宣布任何参与马共叛乱的人如果投降就可赦免罪行。“联盟”政府的代表也履行选举承诺，与马共领袖们见面谈判尝试和平解决骚乱，是为华玲会谈。马共总书记<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%B9%B3_(%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E)" title="陳平 (馬來西亞)">陈平</a>要求宣布马共为合法政党及准许参与大选，作为放弃武装斗争的条件，但东姑拒绝导致陷入僵局。<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1956年，东姑率领以“联盟”政治人物和马来统治者代表的谈判团飞抵伦敦，向英国争取及商讨独立事宜。独立日确定为1957年8月31日，并且要设立独立委员会起草国家宪法。“联盟”政府也被要求避免没收英国及外国在马来亚的资产，也会签订防卫条约。<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>宪法的起草由威廉·莱德成立及领导的莱德委员会负责。虽然载入了<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6" title="联邦制">联邦制</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%AA%E5%88%B6" title="君主立宪制">君主立宪制</a>的概念，草拟的宪法还有规定保护马来人的特别权利，如高等教育和公务员入学配额（固打制），以及伊斯兰教成为联邦的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E6%96%B9%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="官方宗教">官方宗教</a>。宪法也把马来语列为国家官方语言，及有权保护母语教育如<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="現代標準漢語">华语</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="泰米尔语">淡米尔语</a>。尽管东姑和马来统治者要求莱德委员会保证“在独立的马来亚全国民拥有平等的权利，特权和机会，不得以种族和信仰为由歧视”，但巫统人支持的马来特权，被列为是必要积极推行的，直至最后淘汰。这些措施被列入宪法第3、152和153条文。<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>如预计般，东姑于1957年8月31日在默迪卡体育场宣布独立，标志着迈入马来亚和马来西亚政治的新时代。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="独立后的东姑时代"><span id=".E7.8B.AC.E7.AB.8B.E5.90.8E.E7.9A.84.E4.B8.9C.E5.A7.91.E6.97.B6.E4.BB.A3"></span>独立后的东姑时代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：独立后的东姑时代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg/220px-Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg/330px-Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="586" /></a><figcaption>第一任首相<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="东姑阿都拉曼">东姑阿都拉曼</a></figcaption></figure> <p>马来亚独立后的第一个选举落在1959年，由巫统领导的“联盟”赢下51.8%的选票，104席中攻下74席，在国会中取得足够的绝对优势，这不仅能再次组织政府而且可以随意修宪。不过这次选举“联盟”因内部纷争而受到挫折，马华总会长<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%8B%8D%E7%A5%90" class="mw-redirect" title="林苍祐">林苍佑</a>要求该党允许参选104席中的40席。而东姑拒绝后，许多林苍佑的支持者辞职以独立人士的身份参选，让“联盟”折损一些议席。<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1961年，东姑发起了成立“马来西亚”的构想，即把前英国殖民地的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4" title="沙巴">沙巴</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A" title="砂拉越">砂拉越</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%8E%B1" title="汶莱">汶莱</a>并入马来亚的想法。此构想的推测是可以允许中央政府控制及打击共产党的活动，特别是新加坡。这也担忧如果新加坡获得独立，将会变成<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="大中華主義">大中華主義</a>者的基地来威胁马来亚主权地位。为了平衡新国家的种族结构，其他马来人及原住民人口为主的州将会加入以平衡<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="新加坡華人">新加坡华人</a>人口的多数优势。<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>经过多番谈判，新修改的宪法已敲定并做出了一些小修改：例如马来人特权对所有“土著”——即包括马来人及其他马来西亚原著民开放。然而，新的州属将会给予马来亚原九个州属没有的一些<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E6%9D%83" class="mw-redirect" title="自治权">自治权</a>。经过1963年7月的谈判，马来西亚将会在8月31日成立，包括新加坡，沙巴和砂拉越。汶莱因汶莱人民党的武装叛乱而不加入，以避免新国家成立后有不稳定的情况。<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BE" title="菲律宾">菲律宾</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="印度尼西亚">印尼</a>强烈反对这次的发展，印尼指马来西亚代表着<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="新殖民主义">新殖民主义</a>的出现，及菲律宾称沙巴为其领土。联合国向该地区派出委员会调查及批准合并，导致成立日被迫推迟。尽管<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="印度尼西亚总统">印尼总统</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%8D%A1%E8%AB%BE" title="蘇卡諾">苏卡诺</a>进一步抗议，马来西亚最终在1963年9月16日成立。印尼之后宣布与马来西亚“<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E2%80%94%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%AF%B9%E6%8A%97" title="印度尼西亚—马来西亚对抗">对抗</a>”，派遣指挥官在东马（沙巴和砂拉越）进行游击战。此对抗直到<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%93%88%E6%89%98" title="蘇哈托">苏哈托</a>发动军事政变推翻了苏卡诺而结束。而菲律宾之后与马来西亚建立外交关系，同时承认马来西亚主权。<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>随着马来西亚国名的变更，巫统的政治联盟伙伴也即时更名至马来西亚华人公会和马来西亚印度人国民大会。东马的一些政党特别是砂拉越也加入了“联盟”以参与选举。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="马来西亚与新加坡"><span id=".E9.A9.AC.E6.9D.A5.E8.A5.BF.E4.BA.9A.E4.B8.8E.E6.96.B0.E5.8A.A0.E5.9D.A1"></span>马来西亚与新加坡</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：马来西亚与新加坡"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1963年<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%B7%9E" title="新加坡州">新加坡州</a>选举，“联盟”决定以新加坡联盟党的名义挑战<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%89%E8%80%80" title="李光耀">李光耀</a>领导执政的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A" title="人民行动党">人民行动党</a>。巫统党人为了新加坡联盟党在新加坡活跃参与州选，指控新加坡马来人在华人主宰的人民行动党政府之中，被当成二等公民。但是最后巫统支持的马来候选人全都输给了人民行动党候选人。巫统总秘书赛嘉法阿尔巴去到新加坡向马来人传达信息，在一场集会裏，他攻击人民行动党的马来籍政治人物是叛徒，而且不符<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A6" title="伊斯兰教义学">伊斯兰教义</a>，导致人民行动党和巫统关系紧张。人民行动党人看到“联盟”违反了早期的协议，即<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E9%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="星馬">星馬</a>双方不得参选对方的选举，决定参选半岛的1964年大选。尽管人民行动党竞选了9个国会议席及在集会吸引了大量群众，但只赢得一个席位。政治纷争引致了族群关系的紧张，最後爆发了<a href="/wiki/1964%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E9%AA%9A%E4%B9%B1" title="1964年新加坡种族骚乱">1964年新加坡種族騷亂</a>。 </p><p>“联盟”领袖对李光耀的行为感到震惊，认为身为一個州的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7" title="首席部長">首席部長</a>的他，行為舉止不应该如此不体面。他们认为李光耀把自己当成是个<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="主权国家">主权国家</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B0%E7%9B%B8" title="宰相">宰相</a>，而非一個州的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E4%BC%AF" title="方伯">方伯</a>。来自<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="马来西亚华人公会">马华</a>的财政部长<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E4%BF%AE%E4%BF%A1" title="陳修信">陈修信</a>则稱李光耀是“马来西亚及马来亚历史上最大的破坏力量”。李光耀似乎决心要在政治方面继续发展，继续在全国竞选，成立<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="马来西亚团结大会">马来西亚团结大会</a>——一个口号为“马来西亚人的马来西亚”<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="政党联盟">政党联盟</a>，复制了<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E5%98%89%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="翁嘉化">翁嘉化</a>早期的努力。 </p><p>1965年8月7日，首相东姑为了避免进一步的冲突别无他法，建议马来西亚国会对新加坡驱逐出马来西亚进行了投票。尽管人民行动党领袖们，包括李光耀尝试挽留新加坡在联邦之中，国会最终在8月9日以126票比0票，一致支持將新加坡逐出联邦<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>东姑在国会演说时表示：“在我领导这<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="下议院">下议院</a>的十年之中，我未曾如此痛苦地履行職務。我在此宣布新加坡正式脱离联邦。” <sup id="cite_ref-tunku_speech_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tunku_speech-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sitting_duck_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sitting_duck-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 当天，流泪的李光耀宣布新加坡是个主权独立的国家，以及自己成为这新国家的总理。他的演说摘录：“对我来说，这是一个痛苦的时刻。我的一生，我整个成年的生活中，我都堅信於两地的合并及团结。” 随着新加坡的脱离及独立，巫统新加坡分部改名为新加坡马来民族机构 (<i>Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Singapura</i>)。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="东姑的落日"><span id=".E4.B8.9C.E5.A7.91.E7.9A.84.E8.90.BD.E6.97.A5"></span>东姑的落日</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：东姑的落日"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>新加坡脱离联邦后，“联盟”领袖开始专注执行政策。其中一项政策是提升马来语作为马来西亚的官方语言地位，降低英语在政府事务的使用。这得到伊斯兰党的支持，即捍卫土著特权及提升伊斯兰教在公共事务的地位。另一方面，人民行动党在马来西亚的支部变成了<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="民主行动党 (马来西亚)">民主行动党</a>，继续强烈反对此政策，并继承了被驱逐的人民行动党“马来西亚人的马来西亚”理念。1968年，由林苍佑领导新成立的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚民政运动党">马来西亚民政运动党</a>或称民政党，与民主行动党合作。 </p><p>1969年大选出了大事，5月10日当西马（半岛）投票结束后，“联盟”赢得不到一半的总选票，尽管在国会104席中取得66席。马华在此大选中损失惨重，从而使双方关系紧张。同时“联盟”还在州层次的选举受到更大的打击，失去<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9" title="吉兰丹">吉兰丹</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="霹靂州">霹雳</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%9F%E5%9F%8E" title="槟城">槟城</a>的执政权。<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>这次的选举最后触发了族群冲突——五一三事件。巫統雪兰莪州州务大臣拿督哈仑（Datuk Harun）宣布巫统将于1969年5月13日晚上7点30分，展开庆祝巫统选举胜利游行。一群马来青年由鹅唛（Gombak）出发，前往哈仑住处集合参加游行，在文良港（Setapak）地区与华、印族人发生冲突。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" class="mw-redirect" title="最高元首">最高元首</a>经过<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="中央政府">中央政府</a>的劝告后宣布国家进入紧急状态。国会暂停运作，由巫统的副首相<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E6%8B%89%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="敦拉薩克">敦拉萨克</a>领导的国家行动委员会来接管政府，作为大选后续的东马投票也被迫无限期推迟。尽管内阁首相还是东姑，但职位却是象征性的，其职务却由<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="阿都拉萨">阿都拉萨</a>执行。<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>巫统后座议员<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="马哈迪·莫哈末">马哈迪·莫哈末</a>在此选举失去国会议席，并向东姑致函批评他的领导。马哈迪与<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="马来亚大学">马来亚大学</a>讲师拉惹慕达鲁丁·达因主办一场活动，向本地大学学生团体派发他的信函。最后爆发了大规模示威，并要求东姑下台。随着6月爆发的骚乱，马哈迪及巫统前执行秘书慕沙希淡被开除党籍。尽管如此，东姑受到一系列压力下开始了退位计划。 </p><p>被推迟的选举最后于1970年进行，让“联盟”再次牢牢掌握国会三分之二绝对优势。8月31日，东姑宣布国家的意识形态——<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99" title="国家原则">国家原则</a>（Rukunegara），以及退位，计划让首相职位由敦拉萨继承，还有国会接下来即将复会。<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="敦阿都拉萨时代"><span id=".E6.95.A6.E9.98.BF.E9.83.BD.E6.8B.89.E8.90.A8.E6.97.B6.E4.BB.A3"></span>敦阿都拉萨时代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：敦阿都拉萨时代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1970年<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="敦阿都拉萨">敦阿都拉萨</a>接任首相后，他开始着手加强巫统在“联盟”里的领导。东姑领导联盟的时候，一直会咨询“联盟”里对政策的意见。当“联盟”领袖提出反对时，政策就不会通过。在敦阿都拉萨的领导下，巫统就是“联盟”和政府的主干。他领导国家行动委员会包涵7位马来人，1位华人和1位印度人直至国会复会。<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在敦拉萨的内阁，另外两位跟他有同等权力的人就是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E9%82%81%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="依斯邁·阿都拉曼">依斯迈·阿都拉曼</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C%E6%B2%99%E8%8F%B2%E5%AE%9C" title="加沙里沙菲宜">加沙里沙菲宜</a>。加沙里曾经表示马来西亚不适合<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%95%8F%E5%AF%BA%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="西敏寺制">西敏寺国会制度</a>。敦拉萨也让被开除了的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="马哈迪·莫哈末">马哈迪·莫哈末</a>和慕沙希淡重新入党<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，并提拔马哈迪成为教育部长<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，这番举动也间接让后者在1976年受委副首相。 </p><p>阿都拉萨政府在1971年宣布新经济政策，目标是以“经济快速增长”来提升马来人在国家经济方面的地位以达到跟其他族群有合理的份额，并“最终消除贫穷…不分种族”。新经济政策的目标是让马来人掌控30%的经济领域，政府认为这将会实现“公平的社会” （<i>Masyarakat Adil</i>），一个促进政策受到认可的口号。新经济政策的制度扩大了宪法所制定的教育以及公务员固打，政府也对私人界做出干预。例如首次公开募股中的30%股份必须由政府选择的土著单位持有；旧有的公务员招聘机制，即每聘一位非马来人就要聘四位马来人的制度即刻废除，在1969年至1973年间，98%的新公务员是马来人。五所新大学在新经济政策之下建成，其中两所主要为贫穷马来人和穆斯林公民服务。<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>阿都拉萨为了强化政府优势而开始拉拢一些在野党加入“联盟”阵营。<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚民政运动党">民政党</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%80%B2%E6%AD%A5%E9%BB%A8_(%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E)" title="人民進步黨 (馬來西亞)">人民进步党</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚伊斯兰党">伊斯兰党</a>和东马一些在野党在这时期加入了联盟，并改名为“<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="國民陣線">国民阵线</a>”。国阵在1974年正式注册成为组织，同年也进行了大选。<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>国阵内部在选举期间出现了一些矛盾。1973年，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E6%95%AC%E7%9B%8A" title="林敬益">林敬益</a>和一些亲华支持者从马华跳槽至民政党，这导致马华不再是国阵里唯一代表华人权益的政党。<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>马来西亚大学学生组织开始对巫统领导的政府有所不满，学生运动受到海外方面的无政府主义者影响而发起。不过，政府对大学生和学院发出严厉警告禁止参与政治。还有，农村的农民指控由于政府的政策导致他们挨饿，促使1974年12月爆发大学生示威。不过这些指控是错误的，因为没有证据证明农民的家属因饥饿而死。大部分示威者是马来人。1975年，国会通过了大学及大专生法令，禁止学生在未经过大学副校长的书面同意下对任何政党或工会表态支持及担任任何职位。该法令也禁止在大学校园内进行政治集会。1976年尽管玛拉工艺学院内有抗议大专法令的大集会，政府威胁要撤回学生受到政府资助升学的奖学金。<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>国阵也在1974年大选后也在砂拉越参选。由黄金明领导的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="砂拉越国民党">砂拉越国民党</a>跟民主行动党成为国会里最重要的在野党，两党各掌九席。砂国民党挑战国阵委任的砂拉越首席部长<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E8%80%B6%E8%B0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿都拉曼耶谷（页面不存在）">阿都拉曼耶谷</a>的亲马来人政策，指他们边缘化砂拉越的郊区原住民，特别是依班人。砂国民党曾经在1965年被逐出“联盟”，原因是主张增加砂拉越的自主权，即提升那些砂拉越加入马来西亚联邦时所签订的协议中所指定的权利，但这是不可能达到的。当选举结果公布后，阿都拉曼下令以煽动法令逮捕黄金明。砂国民党随后选出新领袖——廖·莫吉，他保释了黄金明以及1976年让砂国民党再次加入国阵。<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在沙巴州，“联盟”及之后的国阵由注重亲马来人和亲伊斯兰政策的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="沙巴民族統一機構">沙巴民族统一机构</a>（USNO，简称沙统）掌控州政府。1973年，伊斯兰教被列为沙巴州的官方宗教，原官方宗教为<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>，在合并协议前已签署认同此条款。还有原住民语言如<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BE%BE%E5%B1%B1%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="卡达山人">卡达山人</a>的语言使用被马来语取代。沙统的首席部长慕斯塔法哈伦生活奢侈，奉行恩庇政治来批准珍贵木材合约，使用沙巴公帑供飞机运送自己飞至价值一百万澳元，位于<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="昆士兰">昆士兰</a>的住家。<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1974年大选，社会正义党参选获得了近40%的选票，但无法赢取任何国会议席及州议席，沙统持续执政沙巴州。<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=1981%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%85%9A%E9%80%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1981年巫统党选（页面不存在）">1981年6月巫统党选</a>后，<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="马哈迪·莫哈末">马哈迪·莫哈末</a>接任首相兼巫统主席职务，并创下掌权22年的最长在位首相记录。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="马哈迪时代"><span id=".E9.A9.AC.E5.93.88.E8.BF.AA.E6.97.B6.E4.BB.A3"></span>马哈迪时代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：马哈迪时代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%BA" title="新马来人">新马来人</a>和<a href="/wiki/2003%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="2003年巫统大会">2003年巫统大会</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mahathir_Mohamad_addressing_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_(September_25_2003).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Mahathir_Mohamad_addressing_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28September_25_2003%29.jpg/220px-Mahathir_Mohamad_addressing_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28September_25_2003%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Mahathir_Mohamad_addressing_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28September_25_2003%29.jpg/330px-Mahathir_Mohamad_addressing_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28September_25_2003%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Mahathir_Mohamad_addressing_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28September_25_2003%29.jpg/440px-Mahathir_Mohamad_addressing_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28September_25_2003%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="431" /></a><figcaption>第五任巫统主席兼第四任首相<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="马哈迪·莫哈末">马哈迪·莫哈末</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="马哈迪·莫哈末">马哈迪·莫哈末</a>任首相之后，慕沙希淡接任<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AF%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="副首相">副首相</a>兼巫统署理主席。马哈迪上任后实行了一系列促进经济发展的政策。1982年初，他宣布「向东学习」政策，即向<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国">韩国</a>学习。日本和韩国的现代化工程成了马来西亚的楷模。这也是马哈迪为了不想照抄西方现代化模式而另觅的新路。在他领导下，马来西亚经济稳健发展。在1997年<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="亚洲金融危机">亚洲金融危机</a>前的10年里，马来西亚经济年均增长率达8%以上，马来西亚在全球经济竞争力排名表上跃居第21位，人均年收入从1986年的1830美元增加到1996年的近4000美元，国民富裕程度在整个东南亚地区仅次于<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%8E%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="文莱">文莱</a>。 </p><p>1981年至2003年，在马哈迪担任首相期间，马来西亚经历快速的经济成长，由原先以农业为基础的经济型态，转变为以制造业和工业为主，特别在电脑与消费性电器产品领域。在这段期间，马来西亚的城市景观也因多项大型计画而改变，其中包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="马来西亚国家石油">国家石油公司</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%B3%B0%E5%A1%94" class="mw-redirect" title="双峰塔">双峰塔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%9A%86%E5%9D%A1%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="吉隆坡国际机场">吉隆坡国际机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%93_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" class="mw-redirect" title="南北大道 (马来西亚)">南北大道</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E9%82%A6%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E8%B5%9B%E9%81%93" title="雪邦国际赛道">雪邦国际赛道</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E8%B6%85%E7%BA%A7%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A" title="多媒体超级走廊">多媒体超级走廊</a>、砂拉越<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%B2%A2%E6%B0%B4%E5%A3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="巴貢水壩">巴贡水坝</a>以及新的联邦行政首都<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%9F%8E" title="布城">布城</a>直辖区等建设。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1987年党争"><span id="1987.E5.B9.B4.E5.85.9A.E4.BA.89"></span>1987年党争</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：1987年党争"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/1987%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%85%9A%E9%80%89" title="1987年巫统党选">1987年巫统党选</a>和<a href="/wiki/1987%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="1987年巫统大会">1987年巫统大会</a></div> <p>1987年，马哈迪受到前财政部长<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C" title="东姑拉沙里">东姑拉沙里</a>的挑战。媒体把支持马哈迪的阵营称为A队，东姑拉沙里为B队。<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>最终，马哈迪以43票（761对718）的微差成功连任。B队的署理主席候选人慕沙希淡被A队的<a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E5%8C%96%C2%B7%E5%B3%87%E5%B3%87" title="嘉化·峇峇">嘉法巴巴</a>打败，三位副主席中有两位是A队，最高理事会有16位A队及9位B队成员。<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>同年6月25日，12位巫统中央代表对这次党选做出上诉但被驳回了，其中一位代表胡先马纳撤回上诉，剩下的11位坚持上诉的代表们被称为“巫统11人”，虽然东姑拉沙里和慕沙希淡未参与其中，但广泛相信东姑拉沙里资助这个上诉。<sup id="cite_ref-means_206_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-means_206-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>经过超过七个月的一系列非正审聆讯及搜查资料，1988年2月4日法官哈伦哈欣位于吉隆坡高庭对此事做出了宣判。法庭宣判巫统为非法组织，原因是有一些未注册的支部参与党选，违反1966年社团法令，因此技术上大会本身也是非法<sup id="cite_ref-means_218_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-means_218-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。马哈迪把<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="國民陣線">国阵</a>主席职位交给身为国阵第二大成员党<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%83" title="馬來西亞華人公會">马华公会</a>的总会长<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%89%AF%E5%AE%9E" title="林良实">林良实</a>，林良实便受命成为非官方代理首相，直到同年2月16日<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。巫统被判为非法政党后，东姑拉沙里创党，名叫“马来西亚巫统”（UMNO Malaysia），以爭取继承旧有的巫统。马来西亚巫统虽然主要受到巫统B队的支持，但也招揽马哈迪加入领导层，可是该新党随着社团注册局以缺乏解释为由拒绝注册而瓦解。<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>马哈迪在“马来西亚巫统”注册被拒绝后一星期，注册名为“马来民族统一机构（新）”（Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu (Baru) ）或简称“巫统（新）”（UMNO (New)），其后去除了“新”字，使旧巫统的所有资产由新巫统继承。<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>东姑拉沙里另行创立<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%AD%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E5%85%9A" title="四六精神党">四六精神党</a>，在1990年及1995年大选与新巫统对抗，最后四六精神党在1996年解散，东姑拉沙里回归巫统。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1993年党选"><span id="1993.E5.B9.B4.E5.85.9A.E9.80.89"></span>1993年党选</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：1993年党选"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1993年党选，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E4%BE%9D%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3" title="安华·依布拉欣">安华·依布拉欣</a>在署理主席职位击败<a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E5%8C%96%C2%B7%E5%B3%87%E5%B3%87" title="嘉化·峇峇">嘉化·峇峇</a>，并接任副首相职。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="马哈迪宣布退位"><span id=".E9.A9.AC.E5.93.88.E8.BF.AA.E5.AE.A3.E5.B8.83.E9.80.80.E4.BD.8D"></span>马哈迪宣布退位</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：马哈迪宣布退位"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2001年1月1日，马哈迪表示，巫统在该年的决议是团结马来人和各级党员<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在2002年6月22日的巫统大会中，马哈迪宣布他将会辞去首相职，许多支持者涌往台上泪流满面地试图挽留他。之后他定于2003年10月退位，给予他有时间以确保他选定的继任者阿都拉有序及没有争议的权力交接，10月31日正式把首相职务移交给<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%BE%BE%E5%A8%81" title="阿都拉·巴达威">阿都拉·巴达威</a><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在职首相达22年，马哈迪在退位时是世界上在位最久的被选举国家领导人<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，他也是马来西亚在任最久的首相。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="阿都拉时代"><span id=".E9.98.BF.E9.83.BD.E6.8B.89.E6.97.B6.E4.BB.A3"></span>阿都拉时代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：阿都拉时代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在馬哈迪領導下馬來西亞進入<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="馬來西亞經濟">經濟</a>繁榮的時代，擔任了長達22年的黨主席及首相後，於2003年10月31日退休，由其指定的接班人<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%BE%BE%E5%A8%81" title="阿都拉·巴达威">阿都拉·巴达威</a>繼任，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="纳吉·阿都拉萨">纳吉·阿都拉萨</a>则接任署理主席。 </p><p>2004年的<a href="/wiki/2004%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2004年马来西亚大选">第11届大选</a>，国阵在阿都拉的领导下取得压倒性胜利。不过2008年的<a href="/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" title="2008年馬來西亞大選">第12届大选</a>，该联盟首次失去三分之二国会议席优势，巫统的大臣在<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%85%B0%E8%8E%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="雪兰莪">雪兰莪</a>，霹雳和吉打失去职位。之后阿都拉宣布来届党选不蝉联主席职及首相职位，在2009年4月3日党选后由纳吉继承。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="纳吉时代"><span id=".E7.BA.B3.E5.90.89.E6.97.B6.E4.BB.A3"></span>纳吉时代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：纳吉时代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在2013年<a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2013年马来西亚大选">第13届大选</a>中，尽管国阵总体失去7席，但巫统增加了9席。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="纳吉·阿都拉萨">纳吉·阿都拉萨</a>任内曾发生<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%B8%91%E9%97%BB" title="一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻">一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻</a>（1MDB），事件被揭发后激起马来西亚人民的批评声浪。2016年2月29日，前首相<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="马哈迪·莫哈末">马哈迪·莫哈末</a>宣布退出巫统<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同年6月24日，纳吉宣布，巫统最高理事会一致决定开除前<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%89%AF%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="马来西亚副首相">副首相</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%A4%E4%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="慕尤丁">慕尤丁</a>和前吉打州务大臣<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA" title="慕克里·马哈迪">慕克里·马哈迪</a>的党籍，因两人与反对党同台，批评巫统和党领袖，在党纪犯下大罪<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，该决定引起部分巫统党员不满<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2018年5月9日<a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2018年马来西亚大选">第14届大选</a>，国阵惨败，巫统首次失去执政党的地位。5月12日，纳吉宣布辭去巫統以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="國民陣線">國陣</a>主席職位，並由前副首相<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%89%8E%E5%B8%8C" title="阿末扎希">阿末扎希</a>暫代位置<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同年7月3日，纳吉因一马公司贪污丑闻在家中遭<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%8D%E8%B4%AA%E6%B1%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="马来西亚反贪污委员会">马来西亚反贪污委员会</a>逮捕<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。2020年7月28日，吉隆坡高等法庭宣判，纳吉涉及一马弊案的SRC洗钱案7项指控全部成立，判处监禁12年和罚款2亿1000万令吉，成为马来西亚历史上首位被定罪的前首相<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="阿末扎希时代"><span id=".E9.98.BF.E6.9C.AB.E6.89.8E.E5.B8.8C.E6.97.B6.E4.BB.A3"></span>阿末扎希时代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：阿末扎希时代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>第14届大选后，国阵阵营多个政党引发成员脱离政党危机，巫统也是其中之一。巫统成为反对党后，和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚伊斯兰党">伊斯兰党</a>的关系也越加密切，两党多次参与国内各个关系到穆斯林的课题，例如反对《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E9%99%A4%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E6%AD%A7%E8%A7%86%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6" title="消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约">消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约</a>》（ICERD）、反对《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E8%A7%84%E7%BA%A6" title="国际刑事法院罗马规约">罗马规约</a>》等活动。 </p><p>2019年9月14日，巫统和伊斯兰党在吉隆坡世界贸易中心举行「穆斯林团结集会」，正式签暑合作宪章，以维持及争取更多选票和抗衡<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="希望聯盟">希望联盟</a>。这是双方自1980年代终止合作后再次联盟。<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>巫统与伊斯兰党也提出以「全民共识」（Muafakat Nasional）为合作模式，采取一对一方式与希盟竞争选票。在2020年7月4日的<a href="/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B4%E7%8F%8D%E5%B0%BC%E8%A1%A5%E9%80%89" title="2020年珍尼补选">2020年珍尼补选</a>中，国阵以1万2650多数票狂胜对手，证实该合作模式取得成功。 </p><p>2021年8月21日巫统副主席<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%88%E6%B2%99%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C" title="依斯迈沙比里">依斯迈沙比里</a>成为马来西亚第九任首相是巫统在第14届大选后首次执政，也是首次非巫统主席的巫统党员担任首相。 </p><p>2022年8月23日最高法院正式裁定纳吉罪名成立并正式入狱 </p><p><a href="/wiki/2022%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2022年马来西亚大选">第十五届大选</a>后巫统从创党以来的首次大败，也使巫统基层上逼宫阿末扎希下辞去巫统主席一职，<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%8D%8E" class="mw-disambig" title="马华">马华</a>的总会长魏家祥与马华总秘书长张盛闻也表示阿末扎希应该下台但阿末扎希表示不会辞职下台，2022年11月24日阿末扎希正式表示支持安华就任<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="马来西亚首相">马来西亚首相</a>，随后阿末扎希二次担任<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%89%AF%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="马来西亚副首相">马来西亚副首相</a> </p><p>2022年底，巫統正式與<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="希望聯盟">希望聯盟</a>合作並組成多元民族的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%94%BF%E9%BB%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="馬來西亞政黨列表">馬來西亞</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" class="mw-redirect" title="马来西亚大选">團結政府</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="思想"><span id=".E6.80.9D.E6.83.B3"></span>思想</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：思想"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来伊斯兰身份（页面不存在）">马来伊斯兰身份</a></div> <p>巫统公开代表在马来西亚的马来人，也开放任何土著（马来西亚原住民，即非马来人或非穆斯林如东马的卡达山人，依班人，达雅人等）入党。该党宣扬马来人主权，一种马来人身为国土早期的居民应当享受特别地位的概念，如今受到<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E7%AC%AC153%E6%9D%A1" title="马来西亚宪法第153条">马来西亚宪法153条文</a>所保护。<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="大选结果"><span id=".E5.A4.A7.E9.80.89.E7.BB.93.E6.9E.9C"></span>大选结果</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：大选结果"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>大选 </th> <th>赢得的总席位 </th> <th>竞选 </th> <th>得票 </th> <th>得票比例 </th> <th>选举结果 </th> <th>领袖 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1955%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1955年马来亚大选">1955</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">34 / 52</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:65%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>35 </td> <td>589,933 </td> <td>58.90% </td> <td><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>34席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="联盟 (马来西亚)">联盟</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="东姑阿都拉曼">东姑阿都拉曼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1959%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1959年马来亚大选">1959</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">52 / 104</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:50%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>70 </td> <td>553,160 </td> <td>35.75% </td> <td><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>18席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="联盟 (马来西亚)">联盟</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="东姑阿都拉曼">东姑阿都拉曼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1964%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1964年马来西亚大选">1964</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">59 / 104</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:57%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>70 </td> <td>458,854 </td> <td>38.10% </td> <td><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>7席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="联盟 (马来西亚)">联盟</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="东姑阿都拉曼">东姑阿都拉曼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1969%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1969年马来西亚大选">1969</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">52 / 144</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:36%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>70 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span style="color:red; font-size:larger">▼</span>7席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="联盟 (马来西亚)">联盟</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="东姑阿都拉曼">东姑阿都拉曼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1974%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1974年马来西亚大选">1974</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">62 / 144</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:43%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>80 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>10席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="阿都拉萨">阿都拉萨</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1978%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1978年马来西亚大选">1978</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">70 / 154</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:45%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>80 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>8席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%85%88%E7%BF%81" title="胡先翁">胡先翁</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1982%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1982年马来西亚大选">1982</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">70 / 154</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:45%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>100 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span style="color:#0AF; font-size:larger"> ━ </span>; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="马哈迪">马哈迪</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1986%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1986年马来西亚大选">1986</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">83 / 177</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:47%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>100 </td> <td>1,474,063 </td> <td>31.06% </td> <td><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>13席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="马哈迪">马哈迪</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1990%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1990年马来西亚大选">1990</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">71 / 180</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:39%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>100 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span style="color:red; font-size:larger">▼</span>12席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="马哈迪">马哈迪</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1995%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1995年马来西亚大选">1995</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">89 / 192</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:46%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>100 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>18席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="马哈迪">马哈迪</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="1999年马来西亚大选">1999</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">72 / 193</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:37%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>120 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span style="color:red; font-size:larger">▼</span>17席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="马哈迪">马哈迪</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2004%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2004年马来西亚大选">2004</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">109 / 219</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:50%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>120 </td> <td>2,483,249 </td> <td>35.9% </td> <td><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>37席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%BE%BE%E7%BB%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="巴达维">巴达维</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" class="mw-redirect" title="2008年马来西亚大选">2008</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">79 / 222</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:36%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>120 </td> <td>2,381,725 </td> <td>29.33% </td> <td><span style="color:red; font-size:larger">▼</span>30席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%BE%BE%E7%BB%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="巴达维">巴达维</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2013年马来西亚大选">2013</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">88 / 222</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:40%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>120 </td> <td>3,252,484 </td> <td>29.45% </td> <td><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>9席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="纳吉·阿都拉萨">纳吉·阿都拉萨</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2018年马来西亚大选">2018</a> </th> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">54 / 222</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:24%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>120 </td> <td>2,548,251 </td> <td>21.10% </td> <td><span style="color:red; font-size:larger">▼</span>34席; <b>反对党</b>, <br />政变后： <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="纳吉·阿都拉萨">纳吉·阿都拉萨</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2022%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2022年马来西亚大选">2022</a> </td> <td><div style="width:100px"><span class="nowrap">26 / 222</span><div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid #aaa; height:1em; position:relative;"><div style="background: #E62020 !important; width:12%; height: 1em;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>119 </td> <td>2,549,341 </td> <td>16.43% </td> <td><span style="color:red; font-size:larger">▼</span>28席; <b>执政党</b> <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="国民阵线">国民阵线</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%89%8E%E5%B8%8C" title="阿末扎希">阿末扎希</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="当选代表"><span id=".E5.BD.93.E9.80.89.E4.BB.A3.E8.A1.A8"></span>当选代表</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：当选代表"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="国会上议院"><span id=".E5.9B.BD.E4.BC.9A.E4.B8.8A.E8.AE.AE.E9.99.A2"></span>国会上议院</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：国会上议院"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%AC%AC15%E5%B1%8A%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%8A%E8%AE%AE%E5%91%98%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚第15届国会上议员列表">马来西亚第15届国会上议员列表</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:100px;">委任方 </th> <th style="width:30px;">上议员 </th> <th style="width:120px;">代表 </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_the_Supreme_Head_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Supreme_Head_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_the_Supreme_Head_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Supreme_Head_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_the_Supreme_Head_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Supreme_Head_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="755" data-file-height="373" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" class="mw-redirect" title="最高元首">最高元首</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%98%89%E5%85%B9%E5%85%B0" title="诺嘉兹兰">诺嘉兹兰</a></td> <td>大众 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E8%B5%9B%E5%A4%AB%E9%B2%81" class="mw-redirect" title="东姑赛夫鲁">东姑赛夫鲁</a></td> <td>大众 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="赞比里">赞比里</a></td> <td>大众 </td></tr> <tr> <td>祖莱那·慕沙</td> <td>大众 </td></tr> <tr> <td>阿兹哈·阿末</td> <td>大众 </td></tr> <tr> <td>莫哈末法米·仄沙烈</td> <td>大众 </td></tr> <tr> <td>罗丝苏雅蒂·阿朗</td> <td>大众 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/22px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/33px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/44px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="霹靂州">霹靂</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9B%B3%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="霹雳州议会">州议会</a></td> <td>三苏丁·阿都嘉化</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/22px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/33px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/44px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="霹靂州">霹靂</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="马六甲">马六甲</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="马六甲州议会">州议会</a></td> <td>慕斯达法·慕沙</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="马六甲">马六甲</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/22px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/33px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/44px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="柔佛州">柔佛</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="柔佛州议会">州议会</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E5%93%88%E6%9E%97%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="阿都哈林苏莱曼">阿都哈林苏莱曼</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/22px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/33px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/44px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="柔佛州">柔佛</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4" title="沙巴">沙巴</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="沙巴州议会">州议会</a></td> <td>朱迪·费德利斯</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4" title="沙巴">沙巴</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>总数</td> <td style="width:30px;" colspan="5"><small><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" class="mw-redirect" title="最高元首">最高元首</a></b> (7), <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9B%B3%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="霹雳州议会">霹雳</a></b> (1), <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="马六甲州议会">马六甲</a></b> (1), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="柔佛州议会">柔佛</a></b> (1), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="沙巴州议会">沙巴</a></b> (1)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="国会下议院"><span id=".E5.9B.BD.E4.BC.9A.E4.B8.8B.E8.AE.AE.E9.99.A2"></span>国会下议院</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：国会下议院"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%AC%AC15%E5%B1%8A%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%91%98%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="马来西亚第15届国会议员列表">马来西亚第15届国会议员列表</a></div> <p>巫统目前在马来西亚下议院占有26席。 </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:100px;">州属 </th> <th style="width:30px;">选区编号 </th> <th style="width:120px;">国会选区 </th> <th style="width:150px;">国会议员 </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Perlis.svg/22px-Flag_of_Perlis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Perlis.svg/33px-Flag_of_Perlis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Perlis.svg/44px-Flag_of_Perlis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83%E5%B8%82" title="玻璃市">玻璃市</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Flag_of_Kedah.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kedah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Flag_of_Kedah.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kedah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Flag_of_Kedah.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kedah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%89%93" title="吉打">吉打</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Kelantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kelantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Kelantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kelantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Kelantan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kelantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9" title="吉兰丹">吉兰丹</a></td> <td style="width:30px;" colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Terengganu.svg/22px-Flag_of_Terengganu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Terengganu.svg/33px-Flag_of_Terengganu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Terengganu.svg/44px-Flag_of_Terengganu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%98%89%E6%A8%93" title="登嘉樓">登嘉樓</a></td> <td style="width:30px;" colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%B3%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="檳城">檳城</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/22px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/33px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/44px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="霹靂州">霹靂</a></td> <td>P55</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B2%E7%8F%91%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="玲珑国会议席">玲珑</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%8B%8F%E5%AE%89%E5%8A%AA%E4%BA%9A" title="三苏安努亚">三苏安努亚</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P75</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%87%E7%9C%BC%E6%8B%BF%E7%9D%A3%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="峇眼拿督国会议席">峇眼拿督</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%89%8E%E5%B8%8C" title="阿末扎希">阿末扎希</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Pahang.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pahang.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Pahang.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pahang.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Pahang.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pahang.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8" title="彭亨">彭亨</a></td> <td>P78</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%A9%AC%E4%BB%91%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="金马仑高原国会议席">金马仑高原</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%88%A9%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E8%AF%BA" title="南利莫哈末诺">南利莫哈末诺</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P79</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E5%8D%91%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="立卑国会议席">立卑</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿都拉曼莫哈末" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Abdul Rahman Mohamad (ahli politik Malaysia)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿都拉曼莫哈末（页面不存在）">阿都拉曼莫哈末</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Mohamad_(ahli_politik_Malaysia)" class="extiw" title="ms:Abdul Rahman Mohamad (ahli politik Malaysia)"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Abdul Rahman Mohamad (ahli politik Malaysia)</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P84</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%80%B6%E5%8B%BF%E5%88%B9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="巴耶勿刹国会议席">巴耶勿刹</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫哈末沙哈阿都拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mohd Shahar Abdullah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99%E5%93%88%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末沙哈阿都拉（页面不存在）">莫哈末沙哈阿都拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohd_Shahar_Abdullah" class="extiw" title="en:Mohd Shahar Abdullah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mohd Shahar Abdullah</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P85</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A0%B9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="北根国会议席">北根</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="昔莫哈末普兹" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Sh Mohmed Puzi Sh Ali"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%94%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%99%AE%E5%85%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="昔莫哈末普兹（页面不存在）">昔莫哈末普兹</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh_Mohmed_Puzi_Sh_Ali" class="extiw" title="ms:Sh Mohmed Puzi Sh Ali"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Sh Mohmed Puzi Sh Ali</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P90</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E4%B9%90%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="百乐国会议席">百乐</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%88%E6%B2%99%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C" title="依斯迈沙比里">依斯迈沙比里</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_Selangor.svg/22px-Flag_of_Selangor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_Selangor.svg/33px-Flag_of_Selangor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_Selangor.svg/44px-Flag_of_Selangor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E8%98%AD%E8%8E%AA" title="雪蘭莪">雪蘭莪</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kuala_Lumpur%2C_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%9A%86%E5%9D%A1" title="吉隆坡">吉隆坡</a></td> <td>P119</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E8%92%82%E6%97%BA%E6%B2%99%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="蒂蒂旺沙国会议席">蒂蒂旺沙</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%90%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E5%B9%B2%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="佐哈里阿都干尼">佐哈里阿都干尼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Putrajaya.svg/22px-Flag_of_Putrajaya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Putrajaya.svg/33px-Flag_of_Putrajaya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Putrajaya.svg/44px-Flag_of_Putrajaya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%9F%8E" title="布城">布城</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E7%BE%8E%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="森美蘭">森美蘭</a></td> <td>P126</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%8F%BB%E5%8A%A1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="日叻务国会议席">日叻务</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="渣拉鲁丁阿里亚斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jalaluddin Alias"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%A3%E6%8B%89%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="渣拉鲁丁阿里亚斯（页面不存在）">渣拉鲁丁阿里亚斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalaluddin_Alias" class="extiw" title="en:Jalaluddin Alias"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jalaluddin Alias</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P127</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E4%BF%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="仁保国会议席">仁保</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三苏卡哈" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Shamsulkahar Mohd Deli"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E8%8B%8F%E5%8D%A1%E5%93%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三苏卡哈（页面不存在）">三苏卡哈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamsulkahar_Mohd_Deli" class="extiw" title="ms:Shamsulkahar Mohd Deli"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Shamsulkahar Mohd Deli</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P129</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%9C%E6%8B%89%E5%BA%87%E5%8A%B3%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="瓜拉庇劳国会议席">瓜拉庇劳</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="安南阿布哈山" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Adnan Abu Hassan (ahli politik)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%97%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安南阿布哈山（页面不存在）">安南阿布哈山</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adnan_Abu_Hassan_(ahli_politik)" class="extiw" title="ms:Adnan Abu Hassan (ahli politik)"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Adnan Abu Hassan (ahli politik)</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P131</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%8C%82%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="林茂国会议席">林茂</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%93%88%E5%B1%B1" title="莫哈末哈山">莫哈末哈山</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P133</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A1%E8%BE%B9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="淡边国会议席">淡边</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫哈末依斯韩" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Mohd Isam Mohd Isa"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末依斯韩（页面不存在）">莫哈末依斯韩</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohd_Isam_Mohd_Isa" class="extiw" title="ms:Mohd Isam Mohd Isa"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Mohd Isam Mohd Isa</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="马六甲">马六甲</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/22px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/33px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/44px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="柔佛州">柔佛</a> </td> <td>P147</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8A%9B%E5%A3%AB%E9%9A%86%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="巴力士隆国会议席">巴力士隆</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%8E%B1%E5%A6%AE%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB" title="诺莱妮·阿末">诺莱妮·阿末</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P151</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%82%A6%E4%BB%A4%E9%87%91%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="新邦令金国会议席">新邦令金</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="哈斯尼莫哈末">哈斯尼莫哈末</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P153</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E5%B8%83%E9%9A%86%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="森布隆国会议席">森布隆</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E5%B1%B1%E6%85%95%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E8%83%A1%E5%85%88" title="希山慕丁·胡先">希山慕丁·胡先</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P155</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E9%95%87%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="东南镇国会议席">东南镇</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%85%B9%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E6%98%94" title="曼兹里·纳昔">曼兹里·纳昔</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P156</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E6%89%93%E4%B8%81%E5%AE%9C%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="哥打丁宜国会议席">哥打丁宜</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%AB%8B%E8%AF%BA%E4%B8%81" title="卡立诺丁">卡立诺丁</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P157</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E4%BD%B3%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="边佳兰国会议席">边佳兰</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8E%8E%E4%B8%BD%E5%A8%9C" title="阿莎丽娜">阿莎丽娜</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P164</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%A8%E7%8F%8D%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="笨珍国会议席">笨珍</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0" title="阿末马斯兰">阿末马斯兰</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E9%96%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="納閩">納閩</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4" title="沙巴">沙巴</a> </td> <td>P173</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%85%E6%89%93%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="必打丹国会议席">必打丹</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E8%B5%AB%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E8%80%B6%E4%B9%9F" title="沙赫米·耶也">沙赫米·耶也</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P176</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%A9%AC%E5%88%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="金马利国会议席">金马利</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫哈末阿拉明" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mohamad Alamin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%98%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末阿拉明（页面不存在）">莫哈末阿拉明</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamad_Alamin" class="extiw" title="en:Mohamad Alamin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mohamad Alamin</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P177</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%9D%E4%BD%9B%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="保佛国会议席（页面不存在）">保佛</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="茜蒂阿米娜" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Siti Aminah Aching"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8C%9C%E8%92%82%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E5%A8%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="茜蒂阿米娜（页面不存在）">茜蒂阿米娜</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siti_Aminah_Aching" class="extiw" title="ms:Siti Aminah Aching"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Siti Aminah Aching</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P184</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8C%E5%B3%87%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="里峇兰国会议席（页面不存在）">里峇兰</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="苏海米·纳西尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Suhaimi Nasir"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%B5%B7%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏海米·纳西尔（页面不存在）">苏海米·纳西尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suhaimi_Nasir" class="extiw" title="en:Suhaimi Nasir"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Suhaimi Nasir</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P187</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%AC%E9%82%A3%E5%B3%87%E5%BD%93%E5%B2%B8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="京那峇当岸国会议席（页面不存在）">京那峇当岸</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%BE" title="邦莫达">邦莫达</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P191</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%B3%87%E5%B9%B2%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="加拉峇干国会议席">加拉峇干</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="安迪莫哈末苏雅迪" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E8%BF%AA%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E8%8B%8F%E9%9B%85%E8%BF%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安迪莫哈末苏雅迪（页面不存在）">安迪莫哈末苏雅迪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andi_Muhammad_Suryady_Bandy" class="extiw" title="ms:Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A" title="砂拉越">砂拉越</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td>总数</td> <td style="width:30px;" colspan="5"><small><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83%E5%B8%82" title="玻璃市">玻璃市</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%89%93" title="吉打">吉打</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9" title="吉兰丹">吉兰丹</a></b> (0),<b><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%98%89%E6%A5%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="登嘉楼">登嘉楼</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%9F%E5%9F%8E" title="槟城">槟城</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="霹靂州">霹雳</a></b> (2), <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8" title="彭亨">彭亨</a></b> (5), <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%85%B0%E8%8E%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="雪兰莪">雪兰莪</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%9A%86%E5%9D%A1" title="吉隆坡">吉隆坡</a></b> (1), <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%9F%8E" title="布城">布城</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%B0" title="森美兰">森美兰</a></b> (5), <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="马六甲">马六甲</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B" title="柔佛">柔佛</a></b> (7), <b><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E9%97%BD" title="纳闽">纳闽</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4" title="沙巴">沙巴</a></b> (6), <b><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A" title="砂拉越">砂拉越</a></b> (0)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="州立法议会"><span id=".E5.B7.9E.E7.AB.8B.E6.B3.95.E8.AE.AE.E4.BC.9A"></span>州立法议会</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：州立法议会"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%AC%AC14%E5%B1%8A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%91%98%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="马来西亚第14届州议员列表">马来西亚第14届州议员列表</a></div> <p>巫统目前在全国9个州议会拥有108名州议员。 </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:100px;">州属 </th> <th style="width:30px;">选区编号 </th> <th style="width:120px;">州议会选区 </th> <th style="width:150px;">州议员 </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Perlis.svg/22px-Flag_of_Perlis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Perlis.svg/33px-Flag_of_Perlis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Perlis.svg/44px-Flag_of_Perlis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83%E5%B8%82" title="玻璃市">玻璃市</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Flag_of_Kedah.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kedah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Flag_of_Kedah.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kedah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Flag_of_Kedah.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kedah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%89%93" title="吉打">吉打</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Kelantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kelantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Kelantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kelantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Kelantan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kelantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9" title="吉兰丹">吉兰丹</a></td> <td>N43</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%BD%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="能吉里州议席（页面不存在）">能吉里</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%E9%A9%AC%E5%A8%81" title="阿兹马威">阿兹马威</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N45</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E8%85%8A%E5%A3%AB%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加腊士州议席（页面不存在）">加腊士</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99%E5%B8%83%E4%B8%81" title="莫哈末沙布丁">莫哈末沙布丁</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Terengganu.svg/22px-Flag_of_Terengganu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Terengganu.svg/33px-Flag_of_Terengganu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Terengganu.svg/44px-Flag_of_Terengganu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%98%89%E6%A8%93" title="登嘉樓">登嘉樓</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Penang_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%B3%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="檳城">檳城</a></td> <td>N2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%B7%A1%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="柏淡州议席">柏淡</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BC%E6%9F%A5%E9%A9%AC%E5%8A%9B%E8%82%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="礼查马力肯（页面不存在）">礼查马力肯</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N21</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E6%BA%AA%E4%BA%9A%E9%BD%90%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双溪亚齐州议席（页面不存在）">双溪亚齐</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%AA%E5%86%8D%E8%AB%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉斯迪再諾（页面不存在）">拉斯迪再諾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/22px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/33px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Perak.svg/44px-Flag_of_Perak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9D%82%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="霹靂州">霹靂</a></td> <td>N2 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%8C%9B%E8%8E%AA%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天猛莪州议席（页面不存在）">天猛莪</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%8E%E6%AF%94%E9%9B%85%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莎比雅莫哈末（页面不存在）">莎比雅莫哈末</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E6%89%93%E6%B7%A1%E6%9D%BF%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="哥打淡板州议席">哥打淡板</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="沙拉尼">沙拉尼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N21 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%9E%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="连登州议席（页面不存在）">连登</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E6%B1%89%E8%8E%AB%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%84%E7%A7%91%E8%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫汉莫德组科菲（页面不存在）">莫汉莫德组科菲</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N36 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B0%E5%B3%87%E9%B2%81%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="孟加兰峇鲁州议席（页面不存在）">孟加兰峇鲁</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%E6%9B%BC%E8%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿兹曼诺（页面不存在）">阿兹曼诺</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N39 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%85%B0%E6%9F%A5%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不兰查州议席（页面不存在）">不兰查</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%AF%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC%E5%B7%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="凯鲁丁阿布哈尼巴（页面不存在）">凯鲁丁阿布哈尼巴</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N48 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%A6%E5%90%9B%E4%BB%A4%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚亦君令州议席（页面不存在）">亚亦君令</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E5%B1%B1%E6%B2%99%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希山沙鲁丁（页面不存在）">希山沙鲁丁</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N53 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BE%99%E8%B0%B7%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="龙谷州议席（页面不存在）">龙谷</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E9%B2%81%E6%B2%99%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙鲁沙曼（页面不存在）">沙鲁沙曼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N59 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%86%B7%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美冷州议席（页面不存在）">美冷</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%8E%E4%B8%BD%E5%A8%9C%E4%B8%89%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莎丽娜三苏丁（页面不存在）">莎丽娜三苏丁</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="17"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Pahang.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pahang.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Pahang.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pahang.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Pahang.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pahang.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8" title="彭亨">彭亨</a></td> <td>N2</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A5%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="日黎州议席（页面不存在）">日黎</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%BA%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%AA" title="旺罗斯迪">旺罗斯迪</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N3</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E7%99%BB%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴登东姑州议席（页面不存在）">巴登东姑</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%B8%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆斯塔帕（页面不存在）">穆斯塔帕</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N5</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E6%89%93%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文打州议席（页面不存在）">文打</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A2%E8%8F%B2%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="索菲拉萨（页面不存在）">索菲拉萨</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N6</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B3%87%E9%83%BD%E8%BE%BE%E5%8D%97%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="峇都达南州议席（页面不存在）">峇都达南</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%E6%9C%AB%E5%9F%BA%E8%AE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿都阿兹末基让（页面不存在）">阿都阿兹末基让</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N8</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%AC%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="冬州议席（页面不存在）">冬</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B9%E5%88%A9%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%8D%A1%E9%A9%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法兹利莫哈末卡马（页面不存在）">法兹利莫哈末卡马</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N16</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E8%BF%AA%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英迪拉布拉州议席（页面不存在）">英迪拉布拉</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E8%8F%B2%E6%B3%95%E8%B5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙菲法赞（页面不存在）">沙菲法赞</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N21</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E5%86%8D%E4%B9%9F%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柏拉姆再也州议席（页面不存在）">柏拉姆再也</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%B0%BC%E6%89%8E%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89" title="莫哈末尼扎·莫哈末纳吉">莫哈末尼扎·莫哈末纳吉</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N22</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%8F%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柏巴州议席（页面不存在）">柏巴</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%A4%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末法古鲁丁（页面不存在）">莫哈末法古鲁丁</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N23</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8F%8D%E5%B0%BC%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="珍尼州议席（页面不存在）">珍尼</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E8%8E%AB%E6%B2%99%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈莫沙林（页面不存在）">莫哈莫沙林</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N27</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%9E%E5%BE%B7%E8%85%8A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贞德腊州议席（页面不存在）">贞德腊</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E7%A5%96%E5%AE%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="罗祖安（页面不存在）">罗祖安</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N28</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E9%81%93%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉道州议席（页面不存在）">吉道</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%9B%E4%BE%9D%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%E8%B5%9B%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赛依布拉欣赛阿末（页面不存在）">赛依布拉欣赛阿末</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N36</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9C%97%E5%9F%83%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="柏朗埃州议席">柏朗埃</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E6%89%8E%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%9A%E5%BD%93" title="阿米扎·阿布亚当">阿米扎·阿布亚当</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N37</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E8%89%BE%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古艾州议席（页面不存在）">古艾</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%8E%E5%B7%B4%E4%B8%BD%E9%9B%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莎巴丽雅（页面不存在）">莎巴丽雅</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N39</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E9%A9%AC%E6%89%AC%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金马扬州议席（页面不存在）">金马扬</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%AF%E7%A5%96%E5%B0%BC%E5%8D%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="凯祖尼占（页面不存在）">凯祖尼占</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N41</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="姆阿占沙州议席（页面不存在）">姆阿占沙</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E6%9F%A5%E9%87%8C%E5%8D%A1%E6%AC%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉查里卡欣（页面不存在）">拉查里卡欣</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N42</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%81%E6%9B%BC%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="刁曼州议席（页面不存在）">刁曼</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%90%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E8%83%A1%E6%AC%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佐哈里胡欣（页面不存在）">佐哈里胡欣</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>-</td> <td>官委议员</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%99%E7%83%88%EF%BC%88%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈里斯沙烈（巫统）（页面不存在）">哈里斯沙烈</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_Selangor.svg/22px-Flag_of_Selangor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_Selangor.svg/33px-Flag_of_Selangor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_Selangor.svg/44px-Flag_of_Selangor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E8%98%AD%E8%8E%AA" title="雪蘭莪">雪蘭莪</a></td> <td>N1</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E6%BA%AA%E4%BE%A8%E5%8D%8E%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双溪侨华州议席（页面不存在）">双溪侨华</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BC%E5%8D%A0%C2%B7%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%88" title="礼占·依斯迈">礼占·依斯迈</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N23</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%A1%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="杜顺大州议席">杜顺大</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%90%E6%B1%89%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9" title="佐汉阿兹">佐汉阿兹</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="14"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E7%BE%8E%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="森美蘭">森美蘭</a></td> <td>N2</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%AB%E8%8A%A6%E9%A1%B6%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="葫芦顶州议席（页面不存在）">葫芦顶</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%98%89%E6%8B%89%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="嘉拉鲁丁（页面不存在）">嘉拉鲁丁</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N3</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E6%BA%AA%E9%95%AD%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双溪镭州议席（页面不存在）">双溪镭</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%8B%89%E5%85%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="莫哈末拉兹">莫哈末拉兹</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N6</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%BC%84%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴弄州议席（页面不存在）">巴弄</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%95%E6%96%AF%E8%BE%BE%E6%B3%95%E7%BA%B3%E8%B0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="慕斯达法纳谷（页面不存在）">慕斯达法纳谷</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N7</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%AE%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%B4%E5%BD%93%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="遮兰巴当州议席（页面不存在）">遮兰巴当</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%8D%E8%BF%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末再迪（页面不存在）">莫哈末再迪</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N9</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%AF%E5%86%B7%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="良冷州议席（页面不存在）">良冷</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E7%BA%B3%E9%98%BF%E6%95%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末阿斯纳阿敏（页面不存在）">莫哈末阿斯纳阿敏</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N15</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%AA%E8%A5%BF%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="爪西州议席（页面不存在）">爪西</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%B5%E6%AF%94%E8%8E%8E%E4%B8%BD%E6%9F%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="琵比莎丽查（页面不存在）">琵比莎丽查</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N16</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9E%E5%AE%89%E6%B1%A0%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="神安池州议席（页面不存在）">神安池</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E8%8B%8F%E8%8F%B2%E5%AE%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末苏菲安（页面不存在）">莫哈末苏菲安</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N17</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E9%82%A3%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新那灵州议席（页面不存在）">新那灵</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%88%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="依斯迈拉欣（页面不存在）">依斯迈拉欣</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N19</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%94%E6%B2%B3%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柔河州议席（页面不存在）">柔河</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%9B%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赛夫亚占（页面不存在）">赛夫亚占</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N26</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E8%93%AC%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真蓬州议席（页面不存在）">真蓬</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%9B%E5%A4%AB%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赛夫巴哈里（页面不存在）">赛夫巴哈里</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N27</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%8F%E6%96%97%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="晏斗州议席（页面不存在）">晏斗</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%93%88%E5%B1%B1" title="莫哈末哈山">莫哈末哈山</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N28</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E5%B2%9B%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高岛州议席（页面不存在）">高岛</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%B5%B7%E7%B1%B3%E8%89%BE%E5%B0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏海米艾尼（页面不存在）">苏海米艾尼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N32</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%AE%9C%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宁宜州议席（页面不存在）">宁宜</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E8%B4%B9%E6%B2%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末费沙（页面不存在）">莫哈末费沙</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N35</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E6%B0%91%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="利民济州议席（页面不存在）">利民济</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%B5%B7%E7%B1%B3%E5%8D%A0%E6%AF%94%E6%89%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏海米占比扎（页面不存在）">苏海米占比扎</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="17"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Malacca.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malacca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2" title="马六甲">马六甲</a></td> <td>N1</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%93%9C%E6%8B%89%E5%AE%81%E5%AE%9C%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瓜拉宁宜州议席（页面不存在）">瓜拉宁宜</a></td> <td>罗斯里阿都拉 </td></tr> <tr> <td>N2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E7%BB%92%E6%AF%94%E6%8B%89%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="丹绒比拉拉州议席">丹绒比拉拉</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E5%8B%BF" title="阿都拉勿">阿都拉勿</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N3</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BE%9D%E5%88%A9%E8%8C%82%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿依利茂州议席（页面不存在）">阿依利茂</a></td> <td>哈密迈丁昆祖巴希尔 </td></tr> <tr> <td>N4</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%97%E9%B2%81%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="林鲁州议席（页面不存在）">林鲁</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C" title="苏莱曼莫哈末阿里">苏莱曼莫哈末阿里</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N5</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%93%E5%9D%A1%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%81%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="打坡南宁州议席（页面不存在）">打坡南宁</a></td> <td>祖基菲里莫哈末占 </td></tr> <tr> <td>N9</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A6%B4%E6%A2%BF%E6%B4%9E%E8%91%9B%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="榴梿洞葛州议席（页面不存在）">榴梿洞葛</a></td> <td>查哈里阿都卡里尔 </td></tr> <tr> <td>N10</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E6%B2%99%E6%B1%89%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚沙汉州议席（页面不存在）">亚沙汉</a></td> <td>法鲁尼占罗斯兰 </td></tr> <tr> <td>N12</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8F%AD%E5%8F%B0%E6%98%86%E7%BD%97%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="班台昆罗州议席（页面不存在）">班台昆罗</a></td> <td>杜敏娜卡蒂 </td></tr> <tr> <td>N13</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E4%B9%9F%E9%9A%86%E5%B8%83%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴也隆布州议席（页面不存在）">巴也隆布</a></td> <td>莱斯雅欣 </td></tr> <tr> <td>N15</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B0%E5%B3%87%E6%A0%AA%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="彭加兰峇株州议席">彭加兰峇株</a></td> <td>卡宋诺丁 </td></tr> <tr> <td>N18</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BE%9D%E6%91%A9%E7%AB%8B%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿依摩立州议席（页面不存在）">阿依摩立</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E6%9C%AB%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉末马里曼（页面不存在）">拉末马里曼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N21</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%AE%B9%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="鲁容州议席">鲁容</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94%E7%B1%B3" title="诺希尔米">诺希尔米</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N23</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E8%90%BD%E5%9E%B5%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="直落垵州议席">直落垵</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="阿都拉萨阿都拉曼">阿都拉萨阿都拉曼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N25</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9C%96%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="霖州议席（页面不存在）">霖</a></td> <td>凯迪里亚阿布查哈 </td></tr> <tr> <td>N26</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%98%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="实甘州议席（页面不存在）">实甘</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%8D%E8%BF%AA%E9%98%BF%E4%B8%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="再迪阿丹（页面不存在）">再迪阿丹</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N27</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%87%E9%87%8C%E8%8C%82%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="万里茂州议席（页面不存在）">万里茂</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E9%A9%AC%E6%B2%99%E7%83%88" title="阿克马沙烈">阿克马沙烈</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N28</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E6%BA%AA%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%89%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双溪南眉州议席（页面不存在）">双溪南眉</a></td> <td>西蒂法依莎 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="33"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/22px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/33px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/44px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="柔佛州">柔佛</a></td> <td>N1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%AB%E7%BD%97%E5%8A%A0%E4%BB%80%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="巫罗加什州议席">巫罗加什</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8E%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E7%A4%BC" title="扎哈里·沙礼">扎哈里·沙礼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E7%8E%9B%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="柏玛尼斯州议席">柏玛尼斯</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%8A%AA%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E9%A9%AC%E7%BA%B3" title="安努亚·阿都马纳">安努亚·阿都马纳</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E8%83%BD%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="丁能州议席">丁能</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈斯琳达" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Haslinda Salleh"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E6%96%AF%E7%90%B3%E8%BE%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈斯琳达（页面不存在）">哈斯琳达</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haslinda_Salleh" class="extiw" title="ms:Haslinda Salleh"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Haslinda Salleh</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%90%89%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="武吉巴西州议席">武吉巴西</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫哈末法兹里" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mohamad Fazli Mohamad Salleh"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B9%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末法兹里（页面不存在）">莫哈末法兹里</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamad_Fazli_Mohamad_Salleh" class="extiw" title="en:Mohamad Fazli Mohamad Salleh"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mohamad Fazli Mohamad Salleh</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%9C%9C%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="甘蜜州议席">甘蜜</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙里汉" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Sahrihan Jani"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙里汉（页面不存在）">沙里汉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahrihan_Jani" class="extiw" title="ms:Sahrihan Jani"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Sahrihan Jani</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9E%E5%BB%8A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="实廊州议席">实廊</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E7%90%B3%E5%A6%AE%E8%8E%8E" title="凯琳妮莎">凯琳妮莎</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N14 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%90%89%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%81%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="武吉南宁州议席">武吉南宁</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弗亚杜奇林" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Mohd Fuad Tukirin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%97%E4%BA%9A%E6%9D%9C%E5%A5%87%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弗亚杜奇林（页面不存在）">弗亚杜奇林</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohd_Fuad_Tukirin" class="extiw" title="ms:Mohd Fuad Tukirin"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Mohd Fuad Tukirin</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N16 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E6%BA%AA%E5%B3%87%E6%B5%AA%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双溪峇浪州议席（页面不存在）">双溪峇浪</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="史拉末达金" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Selamat Takim"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B2%E6%8B%89%E6%9C%AB%E8%BE%BE%E9%87%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="史拉末达金（页面不存在）">史拉末达金</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selamat_Takim" class="extiw" title="ms:Selamat Takim"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Selamat Takim</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N17 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E6%A8%A1%E9%82%A3%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="圣模那州议席">圣模那</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫哈末法立卡立" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mohd Fared Mohd Khalid"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B3%95%E7%AB%8B%E5%8D%A1%E7%AB%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末法立卡立（页面不存在）">莫哈末法立卡立</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohd_Fared_Mohd_Khalid" class="extiw" title="en:Mohd Fared Mohd Khalid"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mohd Fared Mohd Khalid</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N18 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E5%B1%B1%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="铁山州议席">铁山</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="祖古纳因" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Zulkurnain Kamisan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%96%E5%8F%A4%E7%BA%B3%E5%9B%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="祖古纳因（页面不存在）">祖古纳因</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulkurnain_Kamisan" class="extiw" title="en:Zulkurnain Kamisan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Zulkurnain Kamisan</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N20 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9E%E9%A9%AC%E5%BB%8A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="实马廊州议席">实马廊</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%8B%8F%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%8C" title="山苏巴里">山苏巴里</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N21 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8A%9B%E5%AE%89%E5%B0%BC%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="巴力安尼州议席">巴力安尼</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纳吉沙慕里" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Mohamad Najib Samuri"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%E6%B2%99%E6%85%95%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纳吉沙慕里（页面不存在）">纳吉沙慕里</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamad_Najib_Samuri" class="extiw" title="ms:Mohamad Najib Samuri"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Mohamad Najib Samuri</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N22 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%8A%9B%E6%8B%89%E6%83%B9%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴力拉惹州议席（页面不存在）">巴力拉惹</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="诺拉昔达" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nor Rashidah Ramli"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E6%8B%89%E6%98%94%E8%BE%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="诺拉昔达（页面不存在）">诺拉昔达</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor_Rashidah_Ramli" class="extiw" title="en:Nor Rashidah Ramli"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nor Rashidah Ramli</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N24 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="新加兰州议席">新加兰</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫哈末尤斯拉" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Mohd Yusla Ismail"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%B0%A4%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末尤斯拉（页面不存在）">莫哈末尤斯拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohd_Yusla_Ismail" class="extiw" title="ms:Mohd Yusla Ismail"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Mohd Yusla Ismail</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N25 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BE%99%E5%BC%95%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="龙引州议席（页面不存在）">龙引</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%8D%9C%E8%89%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="莫哈末卜艾">莫哈末卜艾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N26 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%97%E4%BB%80%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="吗什州议席">吗什</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E5%93%88%E8%8F%B2%E5%85%B9" title="翁哈菲兹">翁哈菲兹</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N27 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AE%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AE%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="拉央拉央州议席">拉央拉央</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿都慕达立" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abd Mutalip Abd Rahim"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%85%95%E8%BE%BE%E7%AB%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿都慕达立（页面不存在）">阿都慕达立</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Mutalip_Abd_Rahim" class="extiw" title="en:Abd Mutalip Abd Rahim"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abd Mutalip Abd Rahim</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N29 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%A5%E6%89%93%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="马哥打州议席">马哥打</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="赛福星" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Syed Hussein Syed Abdullah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%9B%E7%A6%8F%E6%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赛福星（页面不存在）">赛福星</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syed_Hussein_Syed_Abdullah" class="extiw" title="en:Syed Hussein Syed Abdullah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Syed Hussein Syed Abdullah</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N34 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8F%AD%E5%BA%95%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="班底州议席（页面不存在）">班底</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈哈斯林" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hahasrin Hashim"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E5%93%88%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈哈斯林（页面不存在）">哈哈斯林</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hahasrin_Hashim" class="extiw" title="en:Hahasrin Hashim"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hahasrin Hashim</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N35 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%83%B9%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="巴西拉惹州议席">巴西拉惹</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E8%BE%BE%C2%B7%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%88" title="拉希达·依斯迈">拉希达·依斯迈</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N36 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E9%87%8C%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="素里里州议席">素里里</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="慕斯再迪" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Muszaide Makmor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%95%E6%96%AF%E5%86%8D%E8%BF%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="慕斯再迪（页面不存在）">慕斯再迪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muszaide_Makmor" class="extiw" title="ms:Muszaide Makmor"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Muszaide Makmor</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N37 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A7%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="旧柔佛州议席">旧柔佛</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E4%B8%BD%E6%89%8E" title="诺丽扎">诺丽扎</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N38 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E9%82%A3%E5%93%87%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="本那哇州议席">本那哇</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法乌扎" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Fauziah Misri"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E4%B9%8C%E6%89%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法乌扎（页面不存在）">法乌扎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauziah_Misri" class="extiw" title="ms:Fauziah Misri"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Fauziah Misri</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N39 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E7%BB%92%E8%8B%8F%E8%85%8A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="丹绒苏腊州议席">丹绒苏腊</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%E5%8D%97%C2%B7%E8%BE%BE%E6%95%8F" title="阿兹南·达敏">阿兹南·达敏</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N40 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%97%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="地南州议席">地南</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿兹祖" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Azizul Bachok"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%E7%A5%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿兹祖（页面不存在）">阿兹祖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azizul_Bachok" class="extiw" title="ms:Azizul Bachok"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Azizul Bachok</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N43 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%87%E9%95%87%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="百万镇州议席">百万镇</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="峇哈鲁丁泰益" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Baharudin Mohamed Taib"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B3%87%E5%93%88%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81%E6%B3%B0%E7%9B%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="峇哈鲁丁泰益（页面不存在）">峇哈鲁丁泰益</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baharudin_Mohamed_Taib" class="extiw" title="ms:Baharudin Mohamed Taib"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Baharudin Mohamed Taib</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N44 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%BA%86%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="拉庆州议席">拉庆</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B5%B7%E9%87%8C" title="莫哈末海里">莫哈末海里</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N47 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E6%8B%94%E5%A3%AB%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="甘拔士州议席">甘拔士</a> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="南利·柏哈尼" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Ramlee Bohani"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%9F%8F%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南利·柏哈尼（页面不存在）">南利·柏哈尼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramlee_Bohani" class="extiw" title="ms:Ramlee Bohani"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Ramlee Bohani</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N49 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E5%B9%B2%E8%BE%BE%E5%9F%8E%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="依斯干达城州议席">依斯干达城</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E8%BE%BE%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB" title="班达·阿末">班达·阿末</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N50 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%90%89%E6%9F%8F%E8%BF%88%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="武吉柏迈州议席">武吉柏迈</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%BC" title="嘉福尼">嘉福尼</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N53 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%BE%8B%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="文律州议席">文律</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="哈斯尼莫哈末">哈斯尼莫哈末</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N54 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%94%E8%8E%B1%E5%A3%AB%E5%B3%87%E5%BD%93%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="埔莱士峇当州议席">埔莱士峇当</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%96%AF%E9%B2%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%89%8E" title="哈斯鲁尼扎">哈斯鲁尼扎</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N56 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%9F%E5%92%AF%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD" title="龟咯州议席">龟咯</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E8%8F%B2%E9%87%8C%E4%B8%81" title="杰菲里丁">杰菲里丁</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="13"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4" title="沙巴">沙巴</a></td> <td>N2</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B0%E5%93%A5%E5%8D%A1%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="冰哥卡州议席（页面不存在）">冰哥卡</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E4%BC%A6%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AF%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈伦杜拉比（页面不存在）">哈伦杜拉比</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N10</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%8C%E8%8B%8F%E5%B9%B2%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乌苏干州议席（页面不存在）">乌苏干</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99%E7%83%88%E8%B5%9B%E7%9B%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末沙烈赛益（页面不存在）">莫哈末沙烈赛益</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N16</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83%E5%A5%88%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加拉布奈州议席（页面不存在）">加拉布奈</a>  </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%B6%E8%B0%B7%E5%B9%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="耶谷干（页面不存在）">耶谷干</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N24</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%B9%E7%BB%92%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89%E6%9C%AB%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="丹绒哥拉末州议席（页面不存在）">丹绒哥拉末</a>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E8%B5%AB%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E8%80%B6%E4%B9%9F" title="沙赫米·耶也">沙赫米·耶也</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N29</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8F%AD%E5%B8%A6%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%BC%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="班带马尼州议席（页面不存在）">班带马尼</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E8%BE%BE%E6%98%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末达明（页面不存在）">莫哈末达明</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N51</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E6%BA%AA%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双溪马尼拉州议席（页面不存在）">双溪马尼拉</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E8%8B%B1%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫克兰英卡（页面不存在）">莫克兰英卡</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N52</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E6%BA%AA%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%94%E6%9E%B6%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双溪西埔架州议席（页面不存在）">双溪西埔架</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E9%9F%A9%E5%B1%B1%E9%98%BF%E6%97%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末韩山阿旺（页面不存在）">莫哈末韩山阿旺</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N58</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E6%9C%AB%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉末州议席（页面不存在）">拉末</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%BE" title="邦莫达">邦莫达</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N59</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E9%AB%98%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏高州议席（页面不存在）">苏高</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B0%E8%8F%B2%E9%87%8C%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E8%8A%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="杰菲里阿里芬（页面不存在）">杰菲里阿里芬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N61</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E5%8A%A0%E9%BA%A6%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西加麦州议席（页面不存在）">西加麦</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%81%E5%8F%AF%E8%BE%BE%E6%AF%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末丁可达比（页面不存在）">莫哈末丁可达比</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N71</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%B9%E7%BB%92%E5%B3%87%E9%83%BD%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="丹绒峇都州议席（页面不存在）">丹绒峇都</a></td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="安迪莫哈末苏雅迪" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E8%BF%AA%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E8%8B%8F%E9%9B%85%E8%BF%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安迪莫哈末苏雅迪（页面不存在）">安迪莫哈末苏雅迪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andi_Muhammad_Suryady_Bandy" class="extiw" title="ms:Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>-</td> <td>官委州议员</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%B5%B7%E7%B1%B3%E7%BA%B3%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏海米纳希尔（页面不存在）">苏海米纳希尔</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>-</td> <td>官委州议员</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%B1%E7%B1%B3%E7%BF%81%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莱米翁基（页面不存在）">莱米翁基</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A" title="砂拉越">砂拉越</a></td> <td colspan="4">无 </td></tr> <tr> <td>总数</td> <td style="width:30px;" colspan="5"><small><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83%E5%B8%82%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="玻璃市州议会">玻璃市</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%89%93%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="吉打州议会">吉打</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="吉兰丹州议会">吉兰丹</a></b> (2),<b><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%98%89%E6%A5%BC%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="登嘉楼州议会">登嘉楼</a></b> (0), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%9F%E5%9F%8E%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="槟城州议会">槟城</a></b> (2), <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B9%E9%9B%B3%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="霹雳州议会">霹雳</a></b> (8), <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="彭亨州议会">彭亨</a></b> (17), <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%85%B0%E8%8E%AA%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="雪兰莪州议会">雪兰莪</a></b> (2), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="森美兰州议会">森美兰</a></b> (14), <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="马六甲州议会">马六甲</a></b> (17), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="柔佛州议会">柔佛</a></b> (33), <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="沙巴州议会">沙巴</a></b> (13), <b><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="砂拉越州议会">砂拉越</a></b> (0)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="党的象征"><span id=".E5.85.9A.E7.9A.84.E8.B1.A1.E5.BE.81"></span>党的象征</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：党的象征"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="党旗"><span id=".E5.85.9A.E6.97.97"></span>党旗</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：党旗"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UMNO_(Malaysia).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg/150px-UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg/225px-UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg/300px-UMNO_%28Malaysia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="756" /></a><figcaption>巫统党旗</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E5%85%9A%E6%97%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构党旗（页面不存在）">巫统党旗</a>的官方名字是<b>Sang Saka Bangsa</b><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="党歌"><span id=".E5.85.9A.E6.AD.8C"></span>党歌</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：党歌"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bersatu,_Bersetia,_Berkhidmat[66]"><span id="Bersatu.2C_Bersetia.2C_Berkhidmat.5B66.5D"></span>Bersatu, Bersetia, Berkhidmat<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：Bersatu, Bersetia, Berkhidmat[66]"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bersatu kita bersatu </p><p>Dengan setia berganding bahu </p><p>Jiwa teguh berpadu </p><p>Kita rumpun Melayu </p><p>Bersama kita bersama </p><p>Mendukung hasrat semua </p><p>Berjasa pada bangsa </p><p>Agama dan negara </p><p>Lambang kita yang gagah </p><p>Dipandang mulia dan indah </p><p>Bersatu, bersetia, berkhidmat </p><p>Cogan katanya </p><p>UMNO terus mara </p><p>Untuk rakyat Malaysia </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="争议"><span id=".E4.BA.89.E8.AE.AE"></span>争议</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：争议"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="种族主义指控"><span id=".E7.A7.8D.E6.97.8F.E4.B8.BB.E4.B9.89.E6.8C.87.E6.8E.A7"></span>种族主义指控</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：种族主义指控"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>巫统几十年来作为马来西亚国会最大执政党，但在执政时期有不少为马来人争取福利而欺负少数民族的情形： </p> <ol><li>1988年3月3日在马来西亚国会提呈的一份白皮书"朝向保护国家安全", 内容记录着1987年10月17日一项以当时为巫青团团长<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="纳吉·阿都拉萨">纳吉·阿都拉萨</a>出席的巫青团集会上，在场展示的布条字眼包括"以华人的鲜血染红它（马来短剑）"<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://thefreemedia.com/index.php/news/16535">[2]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201109143405/http://thefreemedia.com/index.php/news/16535">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）。同一些巫青集会上，巫青团员也悬挂着一些横条写着以下的词语:“谁反对马来统治者就撤销（他们的）公民身份”和“5月13日已开始”（指在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="五一三事件 (马来西亚)">1969年5月13日种族骚乱事件</a>）。</li> <li>巫青团团长<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E5%B1%B1%E6%85%95%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E8%83%A1%E5%85%88" title="希山慕丁·胡先">希山慕丁·胡先</a>于2005年至2007年，3度在巫統大会高举马来短剑，前两度参加大会的巫青团员更发出强烈的叫嚣。这些挑拨的行为在众怒下才收敛，并导致巫統的盟友在<a href="/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" title="2008年馬來西亞大選">2008年3月8日大选</a>惨败。<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1MDB丑闻"><span id="1MDB.E4.B8.91.E9.97.BB"></span>1MDB丑闻</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：1MDB丑闻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2018年6月29日，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%B8%91%E9%97%BB" title="一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻">一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻</a>（1MDB）特别调查队证实冻结了涉嫌1MDB舞弊滥权案的个人及数个机构，包括巫统的银行户头<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2020年9月15日，前首相<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="纳吉·阿都拉萨">纳吉·阿都拉萨</a>的一马公司案在吉隆坡高庭续审。一马公司前执行长哈金（Mohd Hazem Abdul Rahman）供称，一马公司2013年发行30亿美元债券后，部分筹得资金遭巫统用以在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%9F%E5%9F%8E" title="槟城">槟城</a>买地。哈金声称，相关土地位于槟城亚依淡，而它们后来成为巫统为同年<a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89" title="2013年马来西亚大选">第13届大选</a>造势的筹码：“（前首相）纳吉当时在槟城演讲造势时提到，这些土地将由一马公司在亚依淡兴建可负担房屋。”<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2021年2月15日，一马公司前首席执行员莫哈末哈占透露，涉及主导1MDB丑闻的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%89%B9%E4%BD%90" title="刘特佐">刘特佐</a>曾亲口告诉他，1MDB的成立是为了服务巫统<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="领导层"><span id=".E9.A2.86.E5.AF.BC.E5.B1.82"></span>领导层</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：领导层"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="现任最高理事会"><span id=".E7.8E.B0.E4.BB.BB.E6.9C.80.E9.AB.98.E7.90.86.E4.BA.8B.E4.BC.9A"></span>现任最高理事会</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节：现任最高理事会"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>以下为巫统最高理事会领导名单（2022年-2025年）： <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82553231">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important;padding:0!important}}.mw-parser-output table.multicol{border:0;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;color:inherit;padding:0}.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tbody>tr>td{vertical-align:top!important}</style> </p> <div>   <table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr> <td style="width: 50%;text-align: left;vertical-align: top;"> <ul><li><b>大会议长：</b> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="峇鲁丁阿米鲁丁" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Badruddin Amiruldin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B3%87%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="峇鲁丁阿米鲁丁（页面不存在）">峇鲁丁阿米鲁丁</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badruddin_Amiruldin" class="extiw" title="en:Badruddin Amiruldin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Badruddin Amiruldin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><b>大会副议长：</b> <ul><li>里祖安阿都哈密</li></ul></li> <li><b>主席：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%89%8E%E5%B8%8C" title="阿末扎希">阿末扎希</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>署理主席：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%93%88%E5%B1%B1" title="莫哈末哈山">莫哈末哈山</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>副主席：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%BA%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%AA" title="旺罗斯迪">旺罗斯迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%AB%8B%E8%AF%BA%E4%B8%81" title="卡立诺丁">卡立诺丁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%90%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E7%94%98%E5%B0%BC" title="佐哈里阿都甘尼">佐哈里阿都甘尼</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>妇女组主席：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%8E%B1%E5%A6%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="诺莱妮">诺莱妮</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>巫青团团长：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E9%A9%AC%E6%B2%99%E7%83%88" title="阿克马沙烈">阿克马沙烈</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>女青团团长：</b> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E9%B2%81%E9%98%BF%E7%8E%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="努鲁阿玛（页面不存在）">努鲁阿玛</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>总秘书：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="阿斯拉夫">阿斯拉夫</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>总财政：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%97" title="东姑安南">东姑安南</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>宣传主任：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8E%8E%E4%B8%BD%E5%A8%9C" title="阿莎丽娜">阿莎丽娜</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>执行秘书：</b> <ul><li>苏马利礼端</li></ul></li> <li><b>巫统纪律局主席: </b> <ul><li>丹斯里<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%8F%AD%E8%BF%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿班迪（页面不存在）">阿班迪</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td> <td style="width: 50%;text-align: left;vertical-align: top;"> <ul><li><b>最高理事会成员：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%8B%8F%E5%AE%89%E5%8A%AA%E4%BA%9A" title="三苏安努亚">三苏安努亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="赞比里">赞比里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0" title="阿末马斯兰">阿末马斯兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E8%B5%9B%E5%A4%AB%E9%B2%81%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9" title="东姑赛夫鲁阿兹">东姑赛夫鲁阿兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%BE" title="邦莫达">邦莫达</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="利查马里肯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Reezal Merican Naina Merican"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E6%9F%A5%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E8%82%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="利查马里肯（页面不存在）">利查马里肯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reezal_Merican_Naina_Merican" class="extiw" title="en:Reezal Merican Naina Merican"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Reezal Merican Naina Merican</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫哈末沙卡" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mohd Sharkar Shamsudin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末沙卡（页面不存在）">莫哈末沙卡</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohd_Sharkar_Shamsudin" class="extiw" title="en:Mohd Sharkar Shamsudin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mohd Sharkar Shamsudin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E4%BE%9D%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3" title="拉查理依布拉欣">拉查理依布拉欣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E8%BE%BE%E5%85%B0" title="阿都拉曼达兰">阿都拉曼达兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8E%8E%E4%B8%BD%E5%A8%9C" title="阿莎丽娜">阿莎丽娜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E6%9B%BC%E9%98%BF%E5%BD%93" title="洛曼阿当">洛曼阿当</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E9%98%BF%E5%A8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末阿威（页面不存在）">莫哈末阿威</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%BE" title="邦莫达">邦莫达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%A8%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%98%94%E8%8C%9C%E7%90%B3" title="罗斯娜拉昔茜琳">罗斯娜拉昔茜琳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%A5%A5%E9%A9%AC" title="诺奥马">诺奥马</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9" class="mw-disambig" title="阿都阿兹">阿都阿兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C" title="阿末沙比里">阿末沙比里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94" title="贾米尔">贾米尔</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法都巴里" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fathul Bari Mat Jahya"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E9%83%BD%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法都巴里（页面不存在）">法都巴里</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fathul_Bari_Mat_Jahya" class="extiw" title="en:Fathul Bari Mat Jahya"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fathul Bari Mat Jahya</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿兹安奥斯曼" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Azian Osman"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%E5%AE%89%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿兹安奥斯曼（页面不存在）">阿兹安奥斯曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azian_Osman" class="extiw" title="ms:Azian Osman"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Azian Osman</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡迪拉" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Dira Abu Zahar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡迪拉（页面不存在）">卡迪拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dira_Abu_Zahar" class="extiw" title="ms:Dira Abu Zahar"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Dira Abu Zahar</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0" title="阿末马斯兰">阿末马斯兰</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B9%E5%85%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿末加兹兰（页面不存在）">阿末加兹兰</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加拉鲁丁（页面不存在）">加拉鲁丁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="哈斯尼莫哈末">哈斯尼莫哈末</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%BA%93%E5%A1%9E%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末库塞里（页面不存在）">莫哈末库塞里</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>最高理事会成员（受委）：</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E4%B8%BD%E6%89%8E" title="诺丽扎">诺丽扎</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C%E5%B0%94%E8%8B%8F%E8%8F%B2%E5%AE%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙里尔苏菲安（页面不存在）">沙里尔苏菲安</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E9%B2%81%E9%98%BF%E7%8E%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="努鲁阿玛（页面不存在）">努鲁阿玛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%8D%9C%E8%89%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="莫哈末卜艾">莫哈末卜艾</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%90%E6%B1%89%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佐汉阿都阿兹（页面不存在）">佐汉阿都阿兹</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿都拉曼莫哈末（页面不存在）">阿都拉曼莫哈末</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9D%E5%B1%B1%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%B0%94" title="依山加里尔">依山加里尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E5%93%88%E8%8F%B2%E5%85%B9" title="翁哈菲兹">翁哈菲兹</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="历任最高领导人"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E4.BB.BB.E6.9C.80.E9.AB.98.E9.A2.86.E5.AF.BC.E4.BA.BA"></span>历任最高领导人</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节：历任最高领导人"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>任期 </th> <th>肖像 </th> <th>全国主席 </th> <th>任期始於 </th> <th>任期終於 </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1<br />创始人</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CO_1069-504-04_(7893277884)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/CO_1069-504-04_%287893277884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-CO_1069-504-04_%287893277884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/CO_1069-504-04_%287893277884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-CO_1069-504-04_%287893277884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/CO_1069-504-04_%287893277884%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="287" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E6%9F%A5%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="翁查化">翁查化</a></td> <td>1946年5月</td> <td>1951年8月 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">2</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg/100px-Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg/150px-Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg/200px-Tunku_abd_rahman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="586" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="东姑阿都拉曼">东姑阿都拉曼</a></td> <td>1951年8月</td> <td>1971年6月 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">3</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tun_Abdul_Razak_(MY_2nd_PM).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Tun_Abdul_Razak_%28MY_2nd_PM%29.jpg/100px-Tun_Abdul_Razak_%28MY_2nd_PM%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Tun_Abdul_Razak_%28MY_2nd_PM%29.jpg/150px-Tun_Abdul_Razak_%28MY_2nd_PM%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Tun_Abdul_Razak_%28MY_2nd_PM%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="304" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8%C2%B7%E8%83%A1%E5%85%88" class="mw-redirect" title="阿都拉萨·胡先">阿都拉萨·胡先</a></td> <td>1971年6月</td> <td>1976年1月 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">4</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tun_Hussein_Onn_(MY_3rd_PM).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Tun_Hussein_Onn_%28MY_3rd_PM%29.jpg/100px-Tun_Hussein_Onn_%28MY_3rd_PM%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Tun_Hussein_Onn_%28MY_3rd_PM%29.jpg/150px-Tun_Hussein_Onn_%28MY_3rd_PM%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Tun_Hussein_Onn_%28MY_3rd_PM%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="304" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%85%88%E7%BF%81" title="胡先翁">胡先翁</a></td> <td>1976年1月</td> <td>1981年7月 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">5</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mahathir_2019_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mahathir_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Mahathir_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mahathir_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Mahathir_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Mahathir_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="294" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="马哈迪·莫哈末">马哈迪·莫哈末</a></td> <td>1981年7月</td> <td>2003年10月 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">6</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abdullah_Badawi_in_April_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Abdullah_Badawi_in_April_2008.jpg/100px-Abdullah_Badawi_in_April_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Abdullah_Badawi_in_April_2008.jpg/150px-Abdullah_Badawi_in_April_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Abdullah_Badawi_in_April_2008.jpg/200px-Abdullah_Badawi_in_April_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="332" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%BE%BE%E5%A8%81" title="阿都拉·巴达威">阿都拉·巴达威</a></td> <td>2003年10月</td> <td>2009年3月 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">7</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG/100px-Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG/150px-Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG/200px-Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5500" data-file-height="6635" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="纳吉·阿都拉萨">纳吉·阿都拉萨</a></td> <td>2009年3月</td> <td>2018年5月 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">8<br /></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Deputy_Prime_Minister_Hamidi_-_2017_(36294565072)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Deputy_Prime_Minister_Hamidi_-_2017_%2836294565072%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Deputy_Prime_Minister_Hamidi_-_2017_%2836294565072%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Deputy_Prime_Minister_Hamidi_-_2017_%2836294565072%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Deputy_Prime_Minister_Hamidi_-_2017_%2836294565072%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Deputy_Prime_Minister_Hamidi_-_2017_%2836294565072%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Deputy_Prime_Minister_Hamidi_-_2017_%2836294565072%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="666" data-file-height="833" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%89%8E%E5%B8%8C" title="阿末扎希">阿末扎希</a></td> <td>2018年5月</td> <td>现任 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节：注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1972年巫统投资部门收购了<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%8A%A5%E4%B8%9A%E6%8E%A7%E8%82%A1" title="新加坡报业控股">海峡时报出版社</a>在马来西亚的业务，包括了旗下的《每日新闻》, 这些报刊自此由新海峡时报出版社管理。《新海峡时报》也是当中最主要的出版物。<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEdge2004185_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEdge2004185-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《每日大都会》与《每日新闻》隶属于相同母公司</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="马来人">马来人</a>（Orang Melayu）舊时又译为<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E7%BD%97%E7%91%9C" title="末罗瑜">巫来由人</a></b>，故當地華語常以「<b>巫</b>」字用作族名缩称。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEdge2004185-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEdge2004185_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEdge2004">Edge 2004</a>，第185頁.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn模板錯誤: 無指向目標: CITEREFEdge2004 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E6%8C%87%E5%90%91%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有哈佛参考文献格式系列模板链接指向错误的页面">幫助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chinapress.com.my/20220318/%e6%b2%99%e5%b7%b4%e6%9c%80%e5%a4%9a-%e5%8d%a0%e8%bf%9160%e4%b8%87-%e5%b7%ab%e7%bb%9f339%e4%b8%87%e5%85%9a%e5%91%98/">◤巫统大会◢ 沙巴最多占近60万巫统339万党员</a>. 中國報 China Press. 2022-03-18 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-03-18</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407125600/https://www.chinapress.com.my/20220318/%e6%b2%99%e5%b7%b4%e6%9c%80%e5%a4%9a-%e5%8d%a0%e8%bf%9160%e4%b8%87-%e5%b7%ab%e7%bb%9f339%e4%b8%87%e5%85%9a%e5%91%98/">存档</a>于2022-04-07） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=%E2%97%A4%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E2%97%A2+%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%9A+%E5%8D%A0%E8%BF%9160%E4%B8%87+%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F339%E4%B8%87%E5%85%9A%E5%91%98&rft.date=2022-03-18&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%A0%B1+China+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinapress.com.my%2F20220318%2F%25e6%25b2%2599%25e5%25b7%25b4%25e6%259c%2580%25e5%25a4%259a-%25e5%258d%25a0%25e8%25bf%259160%25e4%25b8%2587-%25e5%25b7%25ab%25e7%25bb%259f339%25e4%25b8%2587%25e5%2585%259a%25e5%2591%2598%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220407125600/https://www.chinapress.com.my/20220318/%e6%b2%99%e5%b7%b4%e6%9c%80%e5%a4%9a-%e5%8d%a0%e8%bf%9160%e4%b8%87-%e5%b7%ab%e7%bb%9f339%e4%b8%87%e5%85%9a%e5%91%98/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Helen Ting. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tak/47/1/47_KJ00005849019/_pdf">The Politics of National Identity in West Malaysia: Continued Mutation or Critical Transition? [The Politics of Ambiguity]</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Southeast Asian Studies, <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E9%83%BD%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="京都大学">京都大学</a>. J-Stage: 3/21 [33] and 5/21 [35]. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-10-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190509115530/https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tak/47/1/47_KJ00005849019/_pdf">存档</a>于2019-05-09）. <q>UMNO came into being in 1946 under the impetus of the Anti-<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联邦">马来亚联邦</a> Movement based on this ideological understanding of ketuanan Melayu. Its founding president, Dato’ <a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E5%98%89%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="翁嘉化">翁嘉化</a>, once said that the UMNO movement did not adhere to any ideology other than Melayuisme, defined by scholar <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Ariffin Omar" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ariffin Omar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ariffin_Omar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ariffin Omar（页面不存在）">Ariffin Omar</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariffin_Omar" class="extiw" title="en:Ariffin Omar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ariffin Omar</span></a></span>）</span></span> as “the belief that the interests of the bangsa Melayu must be upheld over all else”. Malay political dominance is a fundamental reality of Malaysian politics, notwithstanding the fact that the governing coalition since independence, the <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="联盟 (马来西亚)">联盟 (马来西亚)</a> [subsequently expanded to form the Barisan Nasional or literally, the “National Front”], is multiethnic in its composition.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=The+Politics+of+National+Identity+in+West+Malaysia%3A+Continued+Mutation+or+Critical+Transition%3F+%5BThe+Politics+of+Ambiguity%5D&rft.au=Helen+Ting&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Southeast+Asian+Studies%2C+%E4%BA%AC%E9%83%BD%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6&rft.pages=3%2F21+33+and+5%2F21+35&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp%2Farticle%2Ftak%2F47%2F1%2F47_KJ00005849019%2F_pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|volume=</code>被忽略 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#parameter_discarded" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190509115530/https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tak/47/1/47_KJ00005849019/_pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Jinna Tay; Graeme Turner. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IxU-CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA127">Television Histories in Asia: Issues and Contexts</a>. Routledge. 24 July 2015: 127– <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-10-22</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-135-00807-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-135-00807-9"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-135-00807-9</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210325183414/https://books.google.com/books?id=IxU-CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA127">存档</a>于2021-03-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.au=Graeme+Turner&rft.au=Jinna+Tay&rft.btitle=Television+Histories+in+Asia%3A+Issues+and+Contexts&rft.date=2015-07-24&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-135-00807-9&rft.pages=127-&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIxU-CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA127&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Timothy J. Lomperis, September 1996, 'From People's War to People's Rule: Insurgency, Intervention, and the Lessons of Vietnam', page 212, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61200749">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E4%B9%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="国际标准书号">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0807822736" title="Special:网络书源/0807822736">0807822736</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Jan Senkyr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kas.de/wf/en/33.34966/">Political Awakening in Malaysia</a>. KAS International Reports. 2013, (7): 73–74 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-10-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200327145703/https://www.kas.de/en/web/auslandsinformationen/artikel/detail/-/content/politisches-erwachen-in-malaysia1">存档</a>于2020-03-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=Political+Awakening+in+Malaysia&rft.au=Jan+Senkyr&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=7&rft.jtitle=KAS+International+Reports&rft.pages=73-74&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kas.de%2Fwf%2Fen%2F33.34966%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200327145703/http://www.kas.de/wf/en/33.34966/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asiatimes.com/2019/04/article/atc-race-and-religion-roiling-malaysian-reform/">種族、宗教分歧阻礙著馬來西亞改革在選舉中取得歷史性勝利僅10個月之後，政治的鐘擺正偏離執政的希望聯盟</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-08-30</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190830063649/https://www.asiatimes.com/2019/04/article/atc-race-and-religion-roiling-malaysian-reform/">存档</a>于2019-08-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F%E3%80%81%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%88%86%E6%AD%A7%E9%98%BB%E7%A4%99%E8%91%97%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9+%E5%9C%A8%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%96%E5%BE%97%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E6%80%A7%E5%8B%9D%E5%88%A9%E5%83%8510%E5%80%8B%E6%9C%88%E4%B9%8B%E5%BE%8C%EF%BC%8C%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%9A%84%E9%90%98%E6%93%BA%E6%AD%A3%E5%81%8F%E9%9B%A2%E5%9F%B7%E6%94%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asiatimes.com%2F2019%2F04%2Farticle%2Fatc-race-and-religion-roiling-malaysian-reform%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190830063649/https://www.asiatimes.com/2019/04/article/atc-race-and-religion-roiling-malaysian-reform/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701164846/http://www.dmuptt.com/post668785/4366">慕尤丁上任后首要三件事，大马人民格外关注！</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-06-02</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dmuptt.com/post668785/4366">原始内容</a>存档于2018-07-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=%E6%85%95%E5%B0%A4%E4%B8%81%E4%B8%8A%E4%BB%BB%E5%90%8E%E9%A6%96%E8%A6%81%E4%B8%89%E4%BB%B6%E4%BA%8B%EF%BC%8C%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%A0%BC%E5%A4%96%E5%85%B3%E6%B3%A8%EF%BC%81&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dmuptt.com%2Fpost668785%2F4366&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180701164846/http://www.dmuptt.com/post668785/4366">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180514142547/http://sharpdaily.tw/index/article/405018">【一粥國際】拉下貪腐首相推上老屁股　大馬人解釋為何全國高潮</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-05-13</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sharpdaily.tw/index/article/405018">原始内容</a>存档于2018-05-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=%E3%80%90%E4%B8%80%E7%B2%A5%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E3%80%91%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%8B%E8%B2%AA%E8%85%90%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8%E6%8E%A8%E4%B8%8A%E8%80%81%E5%B1%81%E8%82%A1%E3%80%80%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E4%BA%BA%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8B%E7%82%BA%E4%BD%95%E5%85%A8%E5%9C%8B%E9%AB%98%E6%BD%AE&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsharpdaily.tw%2Findex%2Farticle%2F405018&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180514142547/http://sharpdaily.tw/index/article/405018">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701164848/https://www.new7.com.tw/NewsView.aspx?t=HIS&i=TXT20180516164640G6I">【國際】馬國變天消費稅擊倒萬年巫統</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-06-02</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.new7.com.tw/NewsView.aspx?t=HIS&i=TXT20180516164640G6I">原始内容</a>存档于2018-07-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=%E3%80%90%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E3%80%91%E9%A6%AC%E5%9C%8B%E8%AE%8A%E5%A4%A9+%E6%B6%88%E8%B2%BB%E7%A8%85%E6%93%8A%E5%80%92%E8%90%AC%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%AB%E7%B5%B1&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.new7.com.tw%2FNewsView.aspx%3Ft%3DHIS%26i%3DTXT20180516164640G6I&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180701164848/https://www.new7.com.tw/NewsView.aspx?t=HIS&i=TXT20180516164640G6I">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060905102326/http://www.malaysia-today.net/loonyMY/2005/09/umnos-legacy-was-buried-day-party-was.htm">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2006-10-19</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.malaysia-today.net/loonyMY/2005/09/umnos-legacy-was-buried-day-party-was.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2006-09-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaysia-today.net%2FloonyMY%2F2005%2F09%2Fumnos-legacy-was-buried-day-party-was.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20060905102326/http://www.malaysia-today.net/loonyMY/2005/09/umnos-legacy-was-buried-day-party-was.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">UMNO Online. UMNO's Constitution: Goal 3.5. From:<cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229132114/http://umno-online.com/?page_id=2787">Archived copy</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2013]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://umno-online.com/?page_id%3D2787">原始内容</a>存档于29 February 2012）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fumno-online.com%2F%3Fpage_id%253D2787&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120229132114/http://umno-online.com/?page_id%3D2787">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">UMNO Online. UMNO's Constitution: Goal 3.3. From:<cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229132114/http://umno-online.com/?page_id=2787">Archived copy</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2013]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://umno-online.com/?page_id%3D2787">原始内容</a>存档于29 February 2012）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fumno-online.com%2F%3Fpage_id%253D2787&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120229132114/http://umno-online.com/?page_id%3D2787">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/428329">凯里坦言，巫统罔顾一马丑闻引致溃败</a>. Malaysiakini. 2018-06-05. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810132102/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/428329">存档</a>于2022-08-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=%E5%87%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%9D%A6%E8%A8%80%EF%BC%8C%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E7%BD%94%E9%A1%BE%E4%B8%80%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%91%E9%97%BB%E5%BC%95%E8%87%B4%E6%BA%83%E8%B4%A5&rft.date=2018-06-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malaysiakini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaysiakini.com%2Fnews%2F428329&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220810132102/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/428329">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/malaysia/history">Malaysia : History | The Commonwealth</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210228100109/https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/malaysia/history">存档</a>于2021-02-28）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=Malaysia+%3A+History+%26%23124%3B+The+Commonwealth&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthecommonwealth.org%2Four-member-countries%2Fmalaysia%2Fhistory&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210228100109/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/malaysia/history">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam, Ramlah binti, Samuri, Abdul Hakim bin & Fadzil, Muslimin bin (2004). <i>Sejarah Tingkatan 3</i>, pp. 60–65, 75. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9836282858" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 983-62-8285-8</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Keat Gin Ooi (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC&pg=PA138#v=onepage&q&f=false">Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor, Volume 1</a>. ABC-CLIO. 2004: 138 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-05-05</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9781576077702" title="Special:网络书源/9781576077702"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9781576077702</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201109143301/https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC&pg=PA138#v=onepage&q&f=false">存档</a>于2020-11-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.au=Keat+Gin+Ooi&rft.btitle=Southeast+Asia%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia%2C+from+Angkor+Wat+to+East+Timor%2C+Volume+1&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781576077702&rft.pages=138&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQKgraWbb7yoC%26pg%3DPA138%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam, Samuri & Fadzil, pp. 137–140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mic.org.my/history.php">"About MIC: History"</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060220052725/http://www.mic.org.my/history.php">存檔</a>，存档日期2006-02-20.. Retrieved 28 January 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam, Samuri & Fadzil, p. 140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam, Samuri & Fadzil, p. 103–107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam, Samuri & Fadzil, pp. 148, 151.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam, Samuri & Fadzil, p. 153–155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ooi, Jeff (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jeffooi.com/archives/2005/08/the_nst_should.php">"Social Contract: 'Utusan got the context wrong'"</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051030000000/http://www.jeffooi.com/archives/2005/08/the_nst_should.php">存檔</a>，存档日期30 October 2005.. Retrieved 11 November 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goh, Cheng Teik (1994). Malaysia: Beyond Communal Politics, p. 18. Pelanduk Publications. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9679784754" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 967-978-475-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shuid, Mahdi & Yunus, Mohd. Fauzi (2001). <i>Malaysian Studies</i>, p. 29. Longman. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9837420243" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 983-74-2024-3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shuid & Yunus, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam, Samuri & Fadzil, pp. 214, 217, 220, 222, 223.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sosreader.com/n/article/5a120faaeceaed97b4024519">從被踢出聯邦到世界金融中心：新加坡神話</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tunku_speech-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tunku_speech_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rahman, Tunku Abdul (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ourstory.asia1.com.sg/merger/headline/mdream.html">"A dream shattered"</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060208025332/http://ourstory.asia1.com.sg/merger/headline/mdream.html">存檔</a>，存档日期2006-02-08.. Retrieved 5 February 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sitting_duck-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sitting_duck_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ooi, Jeff (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jeffooi.com/archives/2005/11/i_went_into_act.php">"Perils of the sitting duck"</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051228132802/http://www.jeffooi.com/archives/2005/11/i_went_into_act.php">存檔</a>，存档日期28 December 2005.. Retrieved 11 November 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 6, 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 11, 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 20, 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 20–22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 22, 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 23–27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 29, 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 36, 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 39, 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 41, 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 201.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-means_206-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-means_206_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="zh" dir="ltr">引用错误：没有为名为<code>means_206</code>的参考文献提供内容</span></li> <li id="cite_note-means_218-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-means_218_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 218, 219.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">admin-s. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.malaysia-today.net/2019/02/26/for-a-few-days-in-1988-malaysia-actually-had-a-chinese-prime-minister/">For a Few Days in 1988, Malaysia Actually Had a Chinese Prime Minister</a>. Malaysia Today. 2019-02-26 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-01-06</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019101043/https://www.malaysia-today.net/2019/02/26/for-a-few-days-in-1988-malaysia-actually-had-a-chinese-prime-minister/">存档</a>于2021-10-19） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=For+a+Few+Days+in+1988%2C+Malaysia+Actually+Had+a+Chinese+Prime+Minister&rft.au=admin-s&rft.date=2019-02-26&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malaysia+Today&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaysia-today.net%2F2019%2F02%2F26%2Ffor-a-few-days-in-1988-malaysia-actually-had-a-chinese-prime-minister%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20211019101043/https://www.malaysia-today.net/2019/02/26/for-a-few-days-in-1988-malaysia-actually-had-a-chinese-prime-minister/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 224, 225.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170206164701/http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Rencana/20121201/re_09/Terus-fokus-menyatukan-Melayu">Terus fokus menyatukan Melayu</a>. Utusan Online. 1 December 2012 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-05-05</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Rencana/20121201/re_09/Terus-fokus-menyatukan-Melayu">原始内容</a>存档于2017-02-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=Terus+fokus+menyatukan+Melayu&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fww1.utusan.com.my%2Futusan%2FRencana%2F20121201%2Fre_09%2FTerus-fokus-menyatukan-Melayu&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170206164701/http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Rencana/20121201/re_09/Terus-fokus-menyatukan-Melayu">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.klik.com.my/item/story/2915213/umno-s-2001-resolution-to-unite-the-malays">Umno's 2001 resolution to unite the Malays</a>. Business Times. 2001-01-02. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230726151234/https://www.klik.com.my/item/story/2915213/umno-s-2001-resolution-to-unite-the-malays">存档</a>于2023-07-26） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到em网页">（em）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=Umno%27s+2001+resolution+to+unite+the+Malays&rft.date=2001-01-02&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.klik.com.my%2Fitem%2Fstory%2F2915213%2Fumno-s-2001-resolution-to-unite-the-malays&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：未识别语文类型 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E6%9C%AA%E8%AF%86%E5%88%AB%E8%AF%AD%E6%96%87%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B" title="Category:引文格式1维护：未识别语文类型">link</a>)</span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20230726151234/https://www.klik.com.my/item/story/2915213/umno-s-2001-resolution-to-unite-the-malays">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWain2010">Wain 2010</a>，第80頁<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb模板錯誤: 無指向目標: CITEREFWain2010 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E6%8C%87%E5%90%91%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有哈佛参考文献格式系列模板链接指向错误的页面">幫助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Spillius, Alex. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/malaysia/1445602/Mahathir-bows-out-with-parting-shot-at-the-Jews.html">Mahathir bows out with parting shot at the Jews</a>. The Daily Telegraph (UK). 2003-10-31 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-02-05</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210426211151/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/malaysia/1445602/Mahathir-bows-out-with-parting-shot-at-the-Jews.html">存档</a>于2021-04-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=Mahathir+bows+out+with+parting+shot+at+the+Jews&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.aulast=Spillius&rft.date=2003-10-31&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fasia%2Fmalaysia%2F1445602%2FMahathir-bows-out-with-parting-shot-at-the-Jews.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210426211151/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/malaysia/1445602/Mahathir-bows-out-with-parting-shot-at-the-Jews.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">叶家喜. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/332152">马哈迪宣布二度退出巫统呼吁慕尤丁看齐一同退党</a>. Malaysiakini. 2016-02-29 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-01-06</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210108200300/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/332152">存档</a>于2021-01-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%8C%E5%BA%A6%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%91%BC%E5%90%81%E6%85%95%E5%B0%A4%E4%B8%81%E7%9C%8B%E9%BD%90%E4%B8%80%E5%90%8C%E9%80%80%E5%85%9A&rft.au=%E5%8F%B6%E5%AE%B6%E5%96%9C&rft.date=2016-02-29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malaysiakini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaysiakini.com%2Fnews%2F332152&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210108200300/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/332152">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sinchew.com.my/20160624/%e5%b7%ab%e7%bb%9f%e5%bc%80%e9%99%a4%e6%85%95%e5%b0%a4%e4%b8%81%e5%92%8c%e6%85%95%e5%85%8b%e5%8a%9b%e5%85%9a%e7%b1%8d/">巫统开除慕尤丁和慕克力党籍</a>. 星洲网 Sin Chew Daily. 2016-06-24 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-01-06</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220106103225/https://www.sinchew.com.my/20160624/%e5%b7%ab%e7%bb%9f%e5%bc%80%e9%99%a4%e6%85%95%e5%b0%a4%e4%b8%81%e5%92%8c%e6%85%95%e5%85%8b%e5%8a%9b%e5%85%9a%e7%b1%8d/">存档</a>于2022-01-06） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%BC%80%E9%99%A4%E6%85%95%E5%B0%A4%E4%B8%81%E5%92%8C%E6%85%95%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%9B%E5%85%9A%E7%B1%8D&rft.date=2016-06-24&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%98%9F%E6%B4%B2%E7%BD%91+Sin+Chew+Daily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinchew.com.my%2F20160624%2F%25e5%25b7%25ab%25e7%25bb%259f%25e5%25bc%2580%25e9%2599%25a4%25e6%2585%2595%25e5%25b0%25a4%25e4%25b8%2581%25e5%2592%258c%25e6%2585%2595%25e5%2585%258b%25e5%258a%259b%25e5%2585%259a%25e7%25b1%258d%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220106103225/https://www.sinchew.com.my/20160624/%e5%b7%ab%e7%bb%9f%e5%bc%80%e9%99%a4%e6%85%95%e5%b0%a4%e4%b8%81%e5%92%8c%e6%85%95%e5%85%8b%e5%8a%9b%e5%85%9a%e7%b1%8d/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/346635">抨击最高理事会开除慕尤丁巴莪巫统区部情义相挺到底</a>. Malaysiakini. 2016-06-25 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-01-06</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220106103224/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/346635">存档</a>于2022-01-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=%E6%8A%A8%E5%87%BB%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E5%BC%80%E9%99%A4%E6%85%95%E5%B0%A4%E4%B8%81%E5%B7%B4%E8%8E%AA%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%8C%BA%E9%83%A8%E6%83%85%E4%B9%89%E7%9B%B8%E6%8C%BA%E5%88%B0%E5%BA%95&rft.date=2016-06-25&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malaysiakini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaysiakini.com%2Fnews%2F346635&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220106103224/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/346635">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/347607">不满开除慕尤丁包庇纳吉巫统柔勒州议员辞去党职</a>. 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BBC News 中文. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-12-02</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210115123538/https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world-53570411">存档</a>于2021-01-15） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%89%8D%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E8%A2%AB%E5%88%A412%E5%B9%B4+%E5%85%B6%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%B6%E6%A1%88%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%AA%E7%9C%8B%E7%82%B9&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fzhongwen%2Fsimp%2Fworld-53570411&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125165153/https://www.cincainews.com/news/malaysia/2019/09/14/shouts-of-allahu-akbar-at-pwtc-as-umno-pas-sign-historic-charter/1790503">存档</a>于2021-01-25） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=%E5%B7%AB%E4%BC%8A%E7%AD%BE%E7%BD%B2%E7%BB%93%E7%9B%9F%E5%AE%AA%E7%AB%A0+%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81%E8%80%85%E8%A7%81%E8%AF%81%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E9%AB%98%E5%96%8A%E2%80%9C%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E8%87%B3%E5%A4%A7%E2%80%9D%EF%BC%81+%E7%B2%BE%E5%BD%A9%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC&rft.aufirst=%E5%8F%91%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%8E22%E5%B0%8F%E6%97%B6%E5%89%8D%EF%BC%8C14+September+2019&rft.aulast=%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E6%8A%A5%E5%AF%BC&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cincainews.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincainews.com%2Fnews%2Fmalaysia%2F2019%2F09%2F14%2Fshouts-of-allahu-akbar-at-pwtc-as-umno-pas-sign-historic-charter%2F1790503&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210125165153/https://www.cincainews.com/news/malaysia/2019/09/14/shouts-of-allahu-akbar-at-pwtc-as-umno-pas-sign-historic-charter/1790503">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Singh, Daljit; Smith, Anthony. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aZ8qP3iwKOQC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false">Southeast Asian Affairs 2002</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-05-05</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201109143358/https://books.google.com/books?id=aZ8qP3iwKOQC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false">存档</a>于2020-11-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.au=Smith%2C+Anthony&rft.aufirst=Daljit&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.btitle=Southeast+Asian+Affairs+2002&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaZ8qP3iwKOQC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26source%3Dgbs_ge_summary_r%26cad%3D0%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://umno.org.my/bendera-umno/">Bendera dan Logo UMNO</a>. 巫统官网. 2019-06-18 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-03-05</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220305094915/https://umno.org.my/bendera-umno/">存档</a>于2022-03-05） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到马来语网页">（马来语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=Bendera+dan+Logo+UMNO&rft.date=2019-06-18&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%AE%98%E7%BD%91&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fumno.org.my%2Fbendera-umno%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220305094915/https://umno.org.my/bendera-umno/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://umno.org.my/lagu-rasmi/">Lagu Rasmi</a>. 巫统官网. 2019-06-18 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-03-05</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220305094915/https://umno.org.my/lagu-rasmi/">存档</a>于2022-03-05） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到马来语网页">（马来语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=Lagu+Rasmi&rft.date=2019-06-18&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%AE%98%E7%BD%91&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fumno.org.my%2Flagu-rasmi%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220305094915/https://umno.org.my/lagu-rasmi/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://e-sabah.com/thread-24821-1-7.html">[1]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年5月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180510185010/http://news.163.com/06/1207/10/31NVPT4B000120GU.html">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-08-06</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.163.com/06/1207/10/31NVPT4B000120GU.html">原始内容</a>存档于2018-05-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.163.com%2F06%2F1207%2F10%2F31NVPT4B000120GU.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180510185010/http://news.163.com/06/1207/10/31NVPT4B000120GU.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080612161644/http://www.chinapress.com.my/content_new.asp?dt=2008-04-26&sec=mas&art=0426mc30.txt">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-08-06</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinapress.com.my/content_new.asp?dt=2008-04-26&sec=mas&art=0426mc30.txt">原始内容</a>存档于2008-06-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinapress.com.my%2Fcontent_new.asp%3Fdt%3D2008-04-26%26sec%3Dmas%26art%3D0426mc30.txt&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080612161644/http://www.chinapress.com.my/content_new.asp?dt=2008-04-26&sec=mas&art=0426mc30.txt">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180510185446/http://www.kwongwah.com.my/news/2007/11/06/69.html">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-08-06</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kwongwah.com.my/news/2007/11/06/69.html">原始内容</a>存档于2018-05-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kwongwah.com.my%2Fnews%2F2007%2F11%2F06%2F69.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180510185446/http://www.kwongwah.com.my/news/2007/11/06/69.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enanyang.my/node/84154">1MDB特别调查队证实冻结巫统户头</a>. e南洋. 2018-06-30 <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=1MDB%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E9%98%9F+%E8%AF%81%E5%AE%9E%E5%86%BB%E7%BB%93%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E6%88%B7%E5%A4%B4&rft.date=2018-06-30&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=e%E5%8D%97%E6%B4%8B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enanyang.my%2Fnode%2F84154&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/542677">巫统被揭挪用1MDB资金买地，当大选拉票筹码</a>. Malaysiakini. 2020-09-15. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121124046/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/542677">存档</a>于2022-01-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E8%A2%AB%E6%8F%AD%E6%8C%AA%E7%94%A81MDB%E8%B5%84%E9%87%91%E4%B9%B0%E5%9C%B0%EF%BC%8C%E5%BD%93%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89%E6%8B%89%E7%A5%A8%E7%AD%B9%E7%A0%81&rft.date=2020-09-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malaysiakini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaysiakini.com%2Fnews%2F542677&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220121124046/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/542677">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sinchew.com.my/20210215/%e5%93%88%e5%8d%a0%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%98%e7%89%b9%e4%bd%90%e4%ba%b2%e5%8f%a3%e5%91%8a%e7%9f%a5-%c2%b7-1mdb%e6%88%90%e7%ab%8b%e4%b8%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%b7%ab%e7%bb%9f/">哈占：刘特佐亲口告知 · “1MDB成立为服务巫统”</a>. 星洲网 Sin Chew Daily. 2021-02-15. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121124027/https://www.sinchew.com.my/20210215/%e5%93%88%e5%8d%a0%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%98%e7%89%b9%e4%bd%90%e4%ba%b2%e5%8f%a3%e5%91%8a%e7%9f%a5-%c2%b7-1mdb%e6%88%90%e7%ab%8b%e4%b8%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%b7%ab%e7%bb%9f/">存档</a>于2022-01-21） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&rft.atitle=%E5%93%88%E5%8D%A0%EF%BC%9A%E5%88%98%E7%89%B9%E4%BD%90%E4%BA%B2%E5%8F%A3%E5%91%8A%E7%9F%A5+%C2%B7+%E2%80%9C1MDB%E6%88%90%E7%AB%8B%E4%B8%BA%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E2%80%9D&rft.date=2021-02-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%98%9F%E6%B4%B2%E7%BD%91+Sin+Chew+Daily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinchew.com.my%2F20210215%2F%25e5%2593%2588%25e5%258d%25a0%25ef%25bc%259a%25e5%2588%2598%25e7%2589%25b9%25e4%25bd%2590%25e4%25ba%25b2%25e5%258f%25a3%25e5%2591%258a%25e7%259f%25a5-%25c2%25b7-1mdb%25e6%2588%2590%25e7%25ab%258b%25e4%25b8%25ba%25e6%259c%258d%25e5%258a%25a1%25e5%25b7%25ab%25e7%25bb%259f%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220121124027/https://www.sinchew.com.my/20210215/%e5%93%88%e5%8d%a0%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%98%e7%89%b9%e4%bd%90%e4%ba%b2%e5%8f%a3%e5%91%8a%e7%9f%a5-%c2%b7-1mdb%e6%88%90%e7%ab%8b%e4%b8%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%b7%ab%e7%bb%9f/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&section=32" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1987%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="1987年巫统大会">1987年巫统大会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%AB%E7%BB%9F%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="2003年巫统大会">2003年巫统大会</a></li></ul> <div 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href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="马来西亚国会">国会</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="马来西亚州议会">州议会</a>有席位的政党</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">联邦执政党<br />（团结政府）</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="希望聯盟">希望聯盟</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%AC%E6%AD%A3%E9%BB%A8" title="人民公正黨">人民公正黨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="民主行动党 (马来西亚)">民主行动党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E8%AA%A0%E4%BF%A1%E9%BB%A8" title="國家誠信黨">國家誠信黨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%B1%B1%E5%89%8D%E8%BF%9B%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="神山前进统一机构">神山前进统一机构</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="國民陣線">國民陣線</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">馬來民族統一機構</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%83" title="馬來西亞華人公會">馬來西亞華人公會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚印度国民大会党">马来西亚印度国民大会党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E5%85%9A" title="沙巴人民团结党">沙巴人民团结党</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="砂拉越政党联盟">砂拉越政党联盟</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%91%97%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%85%9A" title="土著保守联合党">土著保守联合党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="砂拉越人民党">砂拉越人民党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E8%BF%9B%E6%AD%A5%E5%85%9A_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="民主进步党 (马来西亚)">民主进步党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%85%9A" title="砂拉越人民联合党">砂拉越人民联合党</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="沙巴人民联盟">沙巴人民联盟</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%91%97%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E5%85%9A" title="土著团结党">沙巴土著团结党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%9C%98%E7%B5%90%E9%BB%A8" title="沙巴團結黨">沙巴团结党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B0%E5%85%9A" title="沙巴立新党">沙巴立新党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E9%80%B2%E6%AD%A5%E9%BB%A8" title="沙巴進步黨">沙巴進步黨</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他政党</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="马来西亚民主联合阵线">马来西亚民主联合阵线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚全民党">马来西亚全民党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%A4%8D%E5%85%B4%E5%85%9A" title="人民复兴党">人民复兴党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%92%8C%E8%B0%90%E5%85%9A" title="社会民主和谐党">社会民主和谐党</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">联邦反对党</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="国民联盟" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="国民联盟 (马来西亚)">国民联盟</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%91%97%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E5%85%9A" title="土著团结党">土著团结党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚伊斯兰党">马来西亚伊斯兰党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚民政运动党">马来西亚民政运动党</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">仅州议会</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="砂拉越人民团结联盟*" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越人民团结联盟（页面不存在）">砂拉越人民团结联盟</a>*</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E5%85%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="砂拉越团结党">砂拉越团结党</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="国会及州议会无席位的政党" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">国会及州议会无席位的政党</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="國民陣線">國民陣線</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚印裔穆斯林国民大会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%B0%E8%A3%94%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚印裔穆斯林国民大会（页面不存在）">马来西亚印裔穆斯林国民大会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Indian_Muslim_Congress" class="extiw" title="en:Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚人民力量党">马来西亚人民力量党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚爱国党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Love Malaysia Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%88%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚爱国党（页面不存在）">马来西亚爱国党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Malaysia_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Love Malaysia Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Love Malaysia Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="泛马来西亚印度人前进阵线" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%9B%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BA%BA%E5%89%8D%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="泛马来西亚印度人前进阵线（页面不存在）">泛马来西亚印度人前进阵线</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Malaysian_Indian_Progressive_Front" class="extiw" title="en:All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front"><span lang="en" dir="auto">All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="祖国行动联盟">祖国行动联盟</a>*</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%91%97%E6%9D%83%E5%A8%81%E5%85%9A" title="土著权威党">土著权威党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="泛马来西亚伊斯兰阵线">泛马来西亚伊斯兰阵线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E8%A3%94%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A" title="印裔穆斯林国民联盟政党">印裔穆斯林国民联盟政党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚民族联系党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Malaysia National Alliance Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%81%94%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚民族联系党（页面不存在）">马来西亚民族联系党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia_National_Alliance_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Malaysia National Alliance Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malaysia National Alliance Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越人民团结联盟（页面不存在）">砂拉越人民团结联盟</a>*</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="砂拉越新达雅党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak Baru"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E6%96%B0%E8%BE%BE%E9%9B%85%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越新达雅党（页面不存在）">砂拉越新达雅党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Bansa_Dayak_Sarawak_Baru" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak Baru"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak Baru</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E9%9B%85%E5%85%B0%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="肯雅兰全民党">肯雅兰全民党</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他政党</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%97%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%9A" title="祖国斗士党">祖国斗士党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚人民党">马来西亚人民党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚人民福利党">马来西亚人民福利党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E9%80%B2%E6%AD%A5%E9%BB%A8" title="沙巴進步黨">沙巴進步黨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E9%9D%A9%E6%96%B0%E5%85%9A" title="砂拉越革新党">砂拉越革新党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚社会主义党">马来西亚社会主义党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚人民团结党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Malaysian United People's Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚人民团结党（页面不存在）">马来西亚人民团结党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_United_People%27s_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Malaysian United People's Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malaysian United People's Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%81%E9%81%AE%E6%99%AE%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚旁遮普党">马来西亚旁遮普党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚锡兰国民大会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Malaysian Ceylonese Congress"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%94%A1%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚锡兰国民大会（页面不存在）">马来西亚锡兰国民大会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Ceylonese_Congress" class="extiw" title="en:Malaysian Ceylonese Congress"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malaysian Ceylonese Congress</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="团结沙巴人民党">团结沙巴人民党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="自由民主党 (马来西亚)">自由民主党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新沙巴民族统一机构" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="United Sabah National Organisation (New)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新沙巴民族统一机构（页面不存在）">新沙巴民族统一机构</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Sabah_National_Organisation_(New)" class="extiw" title="en:United Sabah National Organisation (New)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">United Sabah National Organisation (New)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴子民党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sabah Native Co-operation Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%AD%90%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴子民党（页面不存在）">沙巴子民党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah_Native_Co-operation_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Sabah Native Co-operation Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sabah Native Co-operation Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="砂拉越和平党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Rakyat Gabungan Jaksa Pendamai"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越和平党（页面不存在）">砂拉越和平党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Rakyat_Gabungan_Jaksa_Pendamai" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Rakyat Gabungan Jaksa Pendamai"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Rakyat Gabungan Jaksa Pendamai</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="砂拉越人民力量党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sarawak People's Energy Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越人民力量党（页面不存在）">砂拉越人民力量党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak_People%27s_Energy_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Sarawak People's Energy Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sarawak People's Energy Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴国民党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sabah Nationality Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴国民党（页面不存在）">沙巴国民党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah_Nationality_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Sabah Nationality Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sabah Nationality Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="人民替代党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="People's Alternative Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%9B%BF%E4%BB%A3%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人民替代党（页面不存在）">人民替代党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Alternative_Party" class="extiw" title="en:People's Alternative Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">People's Alternative Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%9A" title="爱沙巴党">爱沙巴党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚国民团结党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Malaysian United Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚国民团结党（页面不存在）">马来西亚国民团结党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_United_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Malaysian United Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malaysian United Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴民族人民团结机构" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sabah National People's Unity Organisation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴民族人民团结机构（页面不存在）">沙巴民族人民团结机构</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah_National_People%27s_Unity_Organisation" class="extiw" title="en:Sabah National People's Unity Organisation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sabah National People's Unity Organisation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="少数族群权益党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Minority Rights Action Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B0%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4%E6%9D%83%E7%9B%8A%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="少数族群权益党（页面不存在）">少数族群权益党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minority_Rights_Action_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Minority Rights Action Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Minority Rights Action Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="槟州前进党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Penang Front Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%9F%E5%B7%9E%E5%89%8D%E8%BF%9B%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="槟州前进党（页面不存在）">槟州前进党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang_Front_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Penang Front Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Penang Front Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴和平党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sabah Peace Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴和平党（页面不存在）">沙巴和平党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah_Peace_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Sabah Peace Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sabah Peace Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="砂拉越人民醒觉党" data-lang-code="ms" data-lang-name="馬來語" data-foreign-title="Parti Sedar Rakyat Sarawak"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%86%92%E8%A7%89%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越人民醒觉党（页面不存在）">砂拉越人民醒觉党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">馬來語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Sedar_Rakyat_Sarawak" class="extiw" title="ms:Parti Sedar Rakyat Sarawak"><span lang="ms" dir="auto">Parti Sedar Rakyat Sarawak</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%97%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="众民党（页面不存在）">众民党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴真理党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Kebenaran Sabah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E7%9C%9F%E7%90%86%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴真理党（页面不存在）">沙巴真理党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Kebenaran_Sabah" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Kebenaran Sabah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Kebenaran Sabah</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴武吉斯人团结党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Bersatu Bugis Sabah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%AD%A6%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%BA%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴武吉斯人团结党（页面不存在）">沙巴武吉斯人团结党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Bersatu_Bugis_Sabah" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Bersatu Bugis Sabah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Bersatu Bugis Sabah</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴人民经济党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Ekonomi Rakyat Sabah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴人民经济党（页面不存在）">沙巴人民经济党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Ekonomi_Rakyat_Sabah" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Ekonomi Rakyat Sabah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Ekonomi Rakyat Sabah</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="砂拉越人民经济团结党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Ekonomi Rakyat Sarawak Bersatu"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="砂拉越人民经济团结党（页面不存在）">砂拉越人民经济团结党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Ekonomi_Rakyat_Sarawak_Bersatu" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Ekonomi Rakyat Sarawak Bersatu"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Ekonomi Rakyat Sarawak Bersatu</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚印度人正义党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Keadilan India Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BA%BA%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚印度人正义党（页面不存在）">马来西亚印度人正义党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Keadilan_India_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Keadilan India Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Keadilan India Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴人民阵线" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sabah People's Front"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴人民阵线（页面不存在）">沙巴人民阵线</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah_People%27s_Front" class="extiw" title="en:Sabah People's Front"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sabah People's Front</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚人权党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Human Rights Party (Malaysia)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%9D%83%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚人权党（页面不存在）">马来西亚人权党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Rights_Party_(Malaysia)" class="extiw" title="en:Human Rights Party (Malaysia)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Human Rights Party (Malaysia)</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社区联合国民大会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Community Coalition Congress"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社区联合国民大会（页面不存在）">社区联合国民大会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_Coalition_Congress" class="extiw" title="en:Community Coalition Congress"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Community Coalition Congress</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴人民宏愿党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Gagasan Bersama Rakyat Sabah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%AE%8F%E6%84%BF%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙巴人民宏愿党（页面不存在）">沙巴人民宏愿党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Gagasan_Bersama_Rakyat_Sabah" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Gagasan Bersama Rakyat Sabah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Gagasan Bersama Rakyat Sabah</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚国家党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Nasional Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚国家党（页面不存在）">马来西亚国家党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Nasional_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Nasional Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Nasional Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚人民国家党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parti Nasional Penduduk Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚人民国家党（页面不存在）">马来西亚人民国家党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Nasional_Penduduk_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="en:Parti Nasional Penduduk Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parti Nasional Penduduk Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚绿党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Green Party of Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%BF%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚绿党（页面不存在）">马来西亚绿党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Party_of_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="en:Green Party of Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Green Party of Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="已解散政党或联盟" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">已解散政党或联盟</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已解散联盟</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E9%A9%AC%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="全马联合行动理事会">全马联合行动理事会</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="人民力量中心">人民力量中心</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="马来亚人民社会主义阵线">社会主义阵线</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="联盟 (马来西亚)">联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF%EF%BC%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%EF%BC%89" title="联合阵线（马来西亚）">联合阵线</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="穆斯林团结阵线">穆斯林团结阵线</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="人民阵线 (马来西亚)">人民阵线</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BF%E4%BB%A3%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="替代阵线">替代阵线</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="人民联盟 (马来西亚)">人民联盟</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="沙巴联合阵线">沙巴联合阵线</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="沙巴团结联盟">沙巴团结联盟</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已解散政党</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="砂拉越国民党">砂拉越国民党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E8%BE%BE%E9%9B%85%E5%85%9A" title="砂拉越达雅党">砂拉越达雅党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="砂拉越马来西亚人民党">砂拉越马来西亚人民党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚穆斯林人民党">马来西亚穆斯林人民党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%9A" title="马来亚国家党">马来亚国家党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%9A" title="马来亚独立党">马来亚独立党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="马来亚共产党">马来亚共产党</a>* <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E6%B4%BE" title="马来亚共产党革命派">革命派</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%EF%BC%88%E9%A9%AC%E5%88%97%EF%BC%89" title="马来亚共产党（马列）">马列派</a>*</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚共产党">马来西亚共产党</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%A0%E4%BA%A7%E9%98%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚无产阶级党">马来西亚无产阶级党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%9A" title="国民议会党">国民议会党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BD%97%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="婆罗洲共产党">婆罗洲共产党</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%B9%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="北加里曼丹共产党">北加里曼丹共产党</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%9A" title="团结沙巴人民党">团结沙巴人民党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚社会正义党">马来西亚社会正义党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%8A%B3%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%9A" title="马来亚劳工党">马来亚劳工党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚民主党" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Malaysian Democratic Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚民主党（页面不存在）">马来西亚民主党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Democratic_Party" class="extiw" title="en:Malaysian Democratic Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malaysian Democratic Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%AD%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E5%85%9A" title="四六精神党">四六精神党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="沙巴民族統一機構">沙巴民族統一機構</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E5%85%9A" title="马来西亚人民福利党">马来西亚人民福利党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马来西亚回教社会联盟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ikatan Masyarakat Islam Malaysia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%9E%E6%95%99%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来西亚回教社会联盟（页面不存在）">马来西亚回教社会联盟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikatan_Masyarakat_Islam_Malaysia" class="extiw" title="en:Ikatan Masyarakat Islam Malaysia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ikatan Masyarakat Islam Malaysia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BE%BE%E5%B1%B1%E5%B7%B4%E7%B4%A2%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="卡达山巴索统一机构">卡达山巴索统一机构</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙巴人民聯合陣線" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Federated Sabah People's Front"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="沙巴人民联合阵线">沙巴人民聯合陣線</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated_Sabah_People%27s_Front" class="extiw" title="en:Federated Sabah People's Front"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Federated Sabah People's Front</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%83" title="沙巴華人公會">沙巴华人公会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%9A" title="砂拉越华人公会">砂拉越华人公会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E5%85%9A" title="人民正义党">人民正义党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社会民主党 (马来西亚)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Social Democratic Party (Malaysia)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A_(%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会民主党 (马来西亚)（页面不存在）">社会民主党</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Malaysia)" class="extiw" title="en:Social Democratic Party (Malaysia)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Social Democratic Party (Malaysia)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%85%9A" title="民主联合党">民主联合党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%80%B2%E6%AD%A5%E9%BB%A8_(%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E)" title="人民進步黨 (馬來西亞)">人民进步党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E5%85%9A" title="沙巴人民希望党">沙巴人民希望党</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>*指未向选举委员会注册政党<br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="马来西亚政治">马来西亚政治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="Portal:政治">Portal:政治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%8A%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%89%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%AD%E8%8E%B7%E8%83%9C%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="历届马来西亚大选的国会议席获胜政党列表">历届马来西亚大选的国会议席获胜政党列表</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="國民陣線" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #C0CAF2; color:#FFFFFF;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF" title="Template:国民阵线导航模板"><abbr title="查看该模板" style="color:#FFFFFF">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF" title="Template talk:国民阵线导航模板"><abbr title="讨论该模板" style="color:#FFFFFF">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:国民阵线导航模板"><abbr title="编辑该模板" style="color:#FFFFFF">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="國民陣線" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="國民陣線">國民陣線</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:blue;color:#FFFFFF;">主席</th><td 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title="赞比里">赞比里</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%8B%8F%E5%AE%89%E5%8A%AA%E4%BA%9A" title="三苏安努亚">三苏安努亚</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8C%E6%9F%A5%E9%A9%AC%E5%8A%9B%E8%82%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="里查马力肯（页面不存在）">里查马力肯</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末沙卡（页面不存在）">莫哈末沙卡</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E8%BE%BE%E5%85%B0" title="阿都拉曼达兰">阿都拉曼达兰</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E4%BE%9D%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3" title="拉查理依布拉欣">拉查理依布拉欣</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8E%8E%E4%B8%BD%E5%A8%9C" title="阿莎丽娜">阿莎丽娜</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%BE" title="邦莫达">邦莫达</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E9%98%BF%E5%A8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫哈末阿威（页面不存在）">莫哈末阿威</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%A8%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%98%94%E8%8C%9C%E7%90%B3" title="罗斯娜拉昔茜琳">罗斯娜拉昔茜琳</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3" title="阿都阿兹·阿都拉欣">阿都阿兹·阿都拉欣</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%A5%A5%E9%A9%AC" title="诺奥马">诺奥马</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E6%B2%99%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C" title="阿末沙比里">阿末沙比里</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94" title="贾米尔">贾米尔</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E9%83%BD%E5%B3%87%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法都峇里（页面不存在）">法都峇里</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%E5%AE%89%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿兹安奥斯曼（页面不存在）">阿兹安奥斯曼</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡迪拉（页面不存在）">卡迪拉</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0" title="阿末马斯兰">阿末马斯兰</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B9%E5%85%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿末加兹兰（页面不存在）">阿末加兹兰</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加拉鲁丁（页面不存在）">加拉鲁丁</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="哈斯尼莫哈末">哈斯尼莫哈末</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E8%80%B6%E8%B0%B7" title="苏拉雅耶谷">苏拉雅耶谷</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">最高理事（受委）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿都拉曼莫哈末（页面不存在）">阿都拉曼莫哈末</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosni_Sohar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosni Sohar（页面不存在）">Rosni Sohar</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arman_Azha_Abu_Hanifah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arman Azha Abu Hanifah（页面不存在）">Arman Azha Abu Hanifah</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yaakub_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yaakub Khan（页面不存在）">Yaakub Khan</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E4%B8%BD%E6%89%8E" title="诺丽扎">诺丽扎</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%E9%9B%85%E6%AC%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莱斯雅欣（页面不存在）">莱斯雅欣</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E9%B2%81%E9%98%BF%E7%8E%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="努鲁阿玛（页面不存在）">努鲁阿玛</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9C%E8%89%BE%C2%B7%E6%89%8E%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF" title="卜艾·扎卡西">莫哈末卜艾</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%90%E6%B1%89%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佐汉阿都阿兹（页面不存在）">佐汉阿都阿兹</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shaik_Hussein_Mydin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shaik Hussein Mydin（页面不存在）">Shaik Hussein Mydin</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakubah_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yakubah Khan（页面不存在）">Yakubah Khan</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohd_Razlan_Rafii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohd Razlan Rafii（页面不存在）">Mohd Razlan Rafii</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rizam_Ismail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rizam Ismail（页面不存在）">Rizam Ismail</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="州联委会" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">州联委会</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="主席" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主席</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E6%9F%94%E4%BD%9B%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A" title="马来民族统一机构柔佛州联委会">柔佛</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%AB%8B%E8%AF%BA%E4%B8%81" title="卡立诺丁">卡立诺丁</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E5%90%89%E6%89%93%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构吉打州联委会（页面不存在）">吉打</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94" title="贾米尔">贾米尔</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E5%90%89%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%B9%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构吉兰丹州联委会（页面不存在）">吉兰丹</a></b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B9%E5%85%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿末加兹兰（页面不存在）">阿末加兹兰</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%94%B2%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构马六甲州联委会（页面不存在）">马六甲</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E5%8B%BF" title="阿都拉勿">阿都拉勿</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E6%A7%9F%E5%9F%8E%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构槟城州联委会（页面不存在）">槟城</a></b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musa_Sheikh_Fadzir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musa Sheikh Fadzir（页面不存在）">Musa Sheikh Fadzir</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E6%A3%AE%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构森美兰州联委会（页面不存在）">森美兰</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB%E5%93%88%E5%B1%B1" title="莫哈末哈山">莫哈末哈山</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%A8%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构彭亨州联委会（页面不存在）">彭亨</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%BA%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%AA" title="旺罗斯迪">旺罗斯迪</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E9%9C%B9%E9%9B%B3%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构霹雳州联委会（页面不存在）">霹雳</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="沙拉尼莫哈末">沙拉尼</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83%E5%B8%82%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构玻璃市州联委会（页面不存在）">玻璃市</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9%E5%85%B0%E6%9B%BC" title="阿兹兰曼">阿兹兰曼</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E9%9B%AA%E5%85%B0%E8%8E%AA%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构雪兰莪州联委会（页面不存在）">雪兰莪</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%A5%A5%E9%A9%AC" title="诺奥马">诺奥马</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E7%99%BB%E5%98%89%E6%A5%BC%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构登嘉楼州联委会（页面不存在）">登嘉楼</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AB%E8%B5%9B%E7%9B%8A" title="阿末赛益">阿末赛益</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%9E%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构沙巴州联委会（页面不存在）">沙巴</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%BE" title="邦莫达">邦莫达</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA%E8%81%94%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马来民族统一机构联邦直辖区联委会（页面不存在）">联邦直辖区</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%90%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E5%B9%B2%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="佐哈里阿都干尼">佐哈里阿都干尼</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="联邦政府" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">联邦政府</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A7%91%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="东姑阿都拉曼">拉曼</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第一次拉曼内阁">I</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第二次拉曼内阁">II</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第三次拉曼内阁">III</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第四次拉曼内阁">IV</a>) · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家行动理事会（页面不存在）">国家行动理事会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8" title="敦阿都拉萨">拉萨</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第一次拉萨内阁">I</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第二次拉萨内阁">II</a>)</li> <li>胡先翁 (<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E8%83%A1%E5%85%88%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第一次胡先内阁">I</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E8%83%A1%E5%85%88%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第二次胡先内阁">II</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E6%9C%AB" title="马哈迪·莫哈末">马哈迪</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第一次马哈迪内阁">I</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第二次马哈迪内阁">II</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第三次马哈迪内阁">III</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第四次马哈迪内阁">IV</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第五次马哈迪内阁">V</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第六次马哈迪内阁">VI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%BE%BE%E5%A8%81" title="阿都拉·巴达威">阿都拉</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第一次阿都拉内阁">I</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E9%98%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第二次阿都拉内阁">II</a>])</li> <li>纳吉 (<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第一次纳吉内阁">I</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%BA%B3%E5%90%89%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="第二次纳吉内阁">II</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%A4%E4%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="慕尤丁">慕尤丁</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%A4%E4%B8%81%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="慕尤丁内阁">I</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%88%E6%B2%99%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C" title="依斯迈沙比里">沙比里</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="沙比里内阁">I</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E4%BE%9D%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3" title="安华·依布拉欣">安华</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%8E%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="安华内阁">I</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table 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