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id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This page is semi-protected due to vandalism"><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></div></div> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Wikipedia:Reference desk</h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> <div id="contentSub"></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place to ask questions on Wikimedia projects</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable group-autoconfirmed-show">"WP:RD" redirects here. You may also be looking for <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Resolving_disputes" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Resolving disputes">Wikipedia:Resolving disputes</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Recent_deaths" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Recent deaths">Wikipedia:Recent deaths</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect">Wikipedia:Redirect</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Revision_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Revision deletion">Wikipedia:Revision deletion</a>, or <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Research_desk" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Research desk">Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Research desk</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Help:Reference" redirects here. For how to add references to articles, see <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Wiki_markup#References_and_citing_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Wiki markup">Help:Wiki markup § References and citing sources</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1097619167">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#f8f9fa;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-protection" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Semi-protection-shackle.svg" class="image" title="Page semi-protected"><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/60px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/80px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>Editing of this page by <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels#New_users" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">new</a> or <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels#Unregistered_users" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">unregistered</a> users is currently <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Protection" title="Help:Protection">disabled</a>.</b><br/>See the <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy" title="Wikipedia:Protection policy">protection policy</a> and <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&page=Wikipedia%3AReference+desk&type=protect">protection log</a> for more details. If you cannot edit this page and you wish to make a change, you can <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk%3AReference_desk&preload=Template%3ASubmit+an+edit+request%2Fpreload&action=edit&section=new&editintro=Template%3AEdit+semi-protected%2Feditintro&preloadtitle=Semi-protected+edit+request+on+21+August+2022&preloadparams%5B%5D=edit+semi-protected&preloadparams%5B%5D=Wikipedia%3AReference+desk">submit an edit request</a></span>, discuss changes on the <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Reference_desk#top" title="Wikipedia talk:Reference desk">talk page</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_page_protection#Current_requests_for_reduction_in_protection_level" title="Wikipedia:Requests for page protection">request unprotection</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:UserLogin" title="Special:UserLogin">log in</a>, or <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:UserLogin/signup" title="Special:UserLogin/signup">create an account</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1097619167"/><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice noprint" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align:center; 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Ask a question here and Wikipedia volunteers will try to answer it. <p>Before asking a question, <b>please try these search boxes</b> to search Wikipedia as a whole or the <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Archives" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives">reference desk archives</a>. See also the <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Guidelines">reference desk guidelines</a>. </p><p><b>Note:</b> Legal or medical advice is prohibited. Further information is available at Wikipedia's <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Legal_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:Legal disclaimer">legal</a> and <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Medical_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:Medical disclaimer">medical</a> disclaimers. See also the <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Guidelines/Medical_advice" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Guidelines/Medical advice">medical advice guidelines</a>. </p> </div> <div class="rd-mainheader-search" id="EnWpMpSearchInner"> <div style="margin:0.5em;"><div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style=""><form name="searchbox" class="searchbox" action="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search" id="Arch"><input class="mw-searchInput searchboxInput mw-ui-input mw-ui-input-inline" name="search" placeholder="" size="22" dir="ltr"/><input type="hidden" value="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives" name="prefix"/> <input type="submit" name="fulltext" class="mw-ui-button" value="Search the archives"/><input type="hidden" value="Search" name="fulltext"/></form></div></div> <form name="bodySearchMP" id="bodySearchMP" class="bodySearch" action="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search"><div class="bodySearchWrap" style=""><input name="search" class="mw-searchInput mw-ui-input mw-ui-input-inline" size="22" id="bodySearchInputMP" dir="ltr" placeholder=""/> <input type="submit" name="go" value="Search Wikipedia" class="mw-ui-button"/></div></form> </div> </div> </div> <h3><span id="For_information_on_any_topic.2C_choose_a_category_for_your_question:"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="For_information_on_any_topic,_choose_a_category_for_your_question:" data-mw-comment="{"type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-For_information_on_any_topic,_choose_a_category_for_your_question:","replies":[],"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-"}"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-For_information_on_any_topic,_choose_a_category_for_your_question:"></span>For information on any topic, choose a category for your question:<span data-mw-comment-end="h-For_information_on_any_topic,_choose_a_category_for_your_question:"></span></span></h3> <div class="rd-topics rd-boxstyle"> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Computing" title="Computing reference desk"><img alt="Computing reference desk" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/P_computing.svg/48px-P_computing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="43" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/P_computing.svg/72px-P_computing.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/P_computing.svg/96px-P_computing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Computing" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Computing">Computers and IT</a></div> <div>Computing, information technology, electronics, software, and hardware</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Entertainment" title="Entertainment reference desk"><img alt="Entertainment reference desk" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/P_music.svg/48px-P_music.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="43" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/P_music.svg/72px-P_music.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/P_music.svg/96px-P_music.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Entertainment" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Entertainment">Entertainment</a></div> <div>Sports, popular culture, movies, music, video games, and TV shows</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Humanities" title="Humanities reference desk"><img alt="Humanities reference desk" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/P_art.png/48px-P_art.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="44" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/P_art.png/72px-P_art.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/P_art.png/96px-P_art.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="183"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Humanities" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Humanities">Humanities</a></div> <div>History, politics, literature, religion, philosophy, law, finance, economics, art, and society</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Language" title="Language reference desk"><img alt="Language reference desk" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/P_literature.svg/48px-P_literature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="43" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/P_literature.svg/72px-P_literature.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/P_literature.svg/96px-P_literature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Language" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Language">Language</a></div> <div>Spelling, grammar, word origins, linguistics, language usage, and translation requests</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Mathematics" title="Mathematics reference desk"><img alt="Mathematics reference desk" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/P_mathematics.svg/48px-P_mathematics.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="43" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/P_mathematics.svg/72px-P_mathematics.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/P_mathematics.svg/96px-P_mathematics.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Mathematics" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></div> <div>Mathematics, geometry, probability, and statistics</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Science" title="Science reference desk"><img alt="Science reference desk" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/P_physics.svg/48px-P_physics.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="43" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/P_physics.svg/72px-P_physics.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/P_physics.svg/96px-P_physics.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Science" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Science">Science</a></div> <div>Biology, chemistry, physics, medicine, geology, engineering, and technology</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wikivoyage:Tourist_office" title="wikivoyage:Wikivoyage:Tourist office"><img alt="P Airplane.png" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/P_Airplane.png/48px-P_Airplane.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="44" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/P_Airplane.png/72px-P_Airplane.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/P_Airplane.png/96px-P_Airplane.png 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="360"/></a></div> <div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wikivoyage:Tourist_office" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Wikivoyage:Tourist office">Travel</a></div> <div>Tourism, vacations, and travel <small>Desk administered by <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sister_projects" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Sister projects">sister project</a> <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikivoyage" title="Wikivoyage">Wikivoyage</a> (external link)</small></div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Miscellaneous" title="Miscellaneous reference desk"><img alt="Miscellaneous reference desk" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/P_question.svg/48px-P_question.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="43" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/P_question.svg/72px-P_question.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/P_question.svg/96px-P_question.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Miscellaneous" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Miscellaneous">Miscellaneous</a></div> <div>For questions that don't fit in any of the other categories</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Archives" title="Reference desk archives"><img alt="Reference desk archives" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/P_archive.svg/48px-P_archive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="43" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/P_archive.svg/72px-P_archive.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/P_archive.svg/96px-P_archive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Archives" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives">Archives</a></div> <div>Old questions are archived daily</div> </div> </div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="For_help_specific_to_the_operation_of_Wikipedia:" data-mw-comment="{"type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-For_help_specific_to_the_operation_of_Wikipedia:","replies":[],"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-"}"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-For_help_specific_to_the_operation_of_Wikipedia:"></span>For help specific to the operation of Wikipedia:<span data-mw-comment-end="h-For_help_specific_to_the_operation_of_Wikipedia:"></span></span></h3> <div class="rd-topics rd-boxstyle"> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Help desk"><img alt="Help desk" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/36px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="33" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/72px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></div> <div>To ask general questions about using Wikipedia</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump" title="Village pump"><img alt="Village pump" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/36px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="33" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/72px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump" title="Wikipedia:Village pump">Village pump</a></div> <div>To ask about specific policies and operations of Wikipedia</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Teahouse"><img alt="Teahouse" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/WP_teahouse_logo.png/36px-WP_teahouse_logo.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/WP_teahouse_logo.png/54px-WP_teahouse_logo.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/WP_teahouse_logo.png/72px-WP_teahouse_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="201" data-file-height="201"/></a></div> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">Teahouse</a></div> <div>A friendly place to help new editors become accustomed to Wikipedia culture</div> </div> </div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="For_Wikipedia_reference_information:" data-mw-comment="{"type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-For_Wikipedia_reference_information:","replies":[],"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-"}"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-For_Wikipedia_reference_information:"></span>For Wikipedia reference information:<span data-mw-comment-end="h-For_Wikipedia_reference_information:"></span></span></h3> <div class="rd-topics rd-boxstyle"> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents/Directory" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Contents/Directory">Help directory</a></div> <div>To ask about specific policies and operations of Wikipedia</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Citing Wikipedia">Citing Wikipedia</a></div> <div>How to cite Wikipedia as a reference</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Resolving_disputes" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Resolving disputes">Resolving disputes</a></div> <div>For resolving issues between users</div> </div> <div class="rd-topic"> <div><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:WBOSITG/Virtual_classroom" class="mw-redirect" title="User:WBOSITG/Virtual classroom">Virtual classroom</a></div> <div>An advanced guide on everything Wikipedia</div> </div> </div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><br/><i>Further information</i> <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Department_directory" title="Wikipedia:Department directory">Wikipedia department directory</a></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span style="font-size:85%;">The following images are being used under the <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GNU_FDL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:GNU FDL">GNU FDL</a> and/or the <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:CC-BY-SA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CC-BY-SA">CC-BY-SA</a> license: <br/> <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_computing.svg" title="File:P computing.svg">P computing.svg</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_physics.svg" title="File:P physics.svg">P physics.svg</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_mathematics.svg" title="File:P mathematics.svg">P mathematics.svg</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_question.svg" title="File:P question.svg">P question.svg</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_art.png" title="File:P art.png">P art.png</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_literature.svg" title="File:P literature.svg">P literature.svg</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_music.svg" title="File:P music.svg">P music.svg</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_archive.svg" title="File:P archive.svg">P archive.svg</a>, <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P_Airplane.png" title="File:P Airplane.png">P Airplane.png</a></span></div> <h2 class="ext-discussiontools-init-section"><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also" data-mw-comment="{"type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-See_also","replies":[],"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-"}"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></span></h2> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r998391716">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_research" title="Internet research">Internet research</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines" title="List of academic databases and search engines">List of academic databases and search engines</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_biodiversity_databases" title="List of biodiversity databases">List of biodiversity databases</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_forums" title="List of Internet forums">List of Internet forums</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_online_databases" title="List of online databases">List of online databases</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_free_online_resources" title="Wikipedia:List of free online resources">Free online resources</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_online_reference_desks" title="Wikipedia:List of online reference desks">Other online reference desks</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Resource_Exchange/Resource_Request" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Resource Exchange/Resource Request">Resource Exchange</a></li></ul> </div> <p><br/> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1097619167"/><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg" class="image"><img alt="Wikipedia Library owl.svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg/80px-Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="122" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg/120px-Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg/160px-Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="110"/></a></td><td class="mbox-text" style="line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #ffffff; color: #555555;font-size:93%;"><div style="margin-top:-3px; padding:3px"><span style="font-size: 120%;"><b><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">The Wikipedia Library</a></b> </span><small> (<a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia talk:The Wikipedia Library">talk</a> | <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Navbox&action=edit">e</a>)</small><br/> <p><big><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/">Get free access to research!</a></big> </p><p><b>Research tools and services</b> </p> <div class="hlist" id="resources" style="padding-left:1em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Resource_Exchange/Resource_Request" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Resource Exchange/Resource Request">Resource Exchange</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reference Desk</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:TWL/RD" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TWL/RD">Research Desk</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:TWL/OA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TWL/OA">Discover open access</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Free resources">Free Resource Guides</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Book_sources" title="Wikipedia:Book sources">Book Sources</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Journal_sources" title="Wikipedia:Journal sources">Journal Sources</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_bibliographies" title="Wikipedia:List of bibliographies">Bibliographies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources" title="Wikipedia:Free English newspaper sources">Free newspaper sources</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_digital_library_projects" title="List of digital library projects">Online archives</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Find_your_library" title="Wikipedia:Find your library">Find Your Local Library tips</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Find_your_source" title="Wikipedia:Find your source">Find Your Source tips</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:FIND" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FIND">How to find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Cite" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Cite">Citation tools guide</a></li></ul> </div> <p><b>Outreach</b> </p> <div class="hlist" id="outreach" style="padding-left:1em"> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library/Bookshelf" class="extiw" title="meta:The Wikipedia Library/Bookshelf">The Wikipedia 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class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_help_pages" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Wikipedia_help_pages&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="text-align:center;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_help_pages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Directory" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia help pages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div id="*Visit_the_Teahouse_or_the_Help_desk_for_an_interactive_Q_&amp;_A_forum._----_*_FAQs_(?)_*_Reference_desks_(?)_*_Noticeboards_(?)_*_Cheatsheet_(?)_*_Directories_(?)"> <ul><li><b>Visit the <i><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">Teahouse</a></i> or the <i><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></i> for an interactive <abbr title="questions and answers">Q & A</abbr> forum.</b></li></ul> <hr/> <ul><li><b><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ" title="Wikipedia:FAQ">FAQs</a></b> <b><abbr title="This is a list of frequently asked questions about using and contributing to Wikipedia.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reference desks</a></b> <b><abbr title="Works like a library reference desk. Ask a question here and Wikipedia volunteers will try to answer it.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Noticeboards" title="Wikipedia:Noticeboards">Noticeboards</a></b> <b><abbr title="Pages where editors can ask questions and request assistance from people who are familiar with the policies and guidelines covered by each individual board.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of the most commonly used Wiki markup and templates.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b> <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of Wikipedia's directories and indexes.">(?)</abbr></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's governess and customs">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Purpose" title="Wikipedia:Purpose">Purpose</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Principles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Policies and guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:General disclaimer">Disclaimer</a> (<a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Advice_for_parents" title="Wikipedia:Advice for parents">parental advice</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Request_directory" title="Wikipedia:Request directory">Making requests</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Who_writes_Wikipedia%3F" title="Wikipedia:Who writes Wikipedia?">Who writes Wikipedia?</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reader%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Reader's index to Wikipedia">Help for readers</a> <abbr title="Concerns and questions readers may have about Wikipedia">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_book_creator_status" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia book creator status">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Copyright" title="Help:Copyright">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Glossary" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Navigation" title="Help:Navigation">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Other_languages" title="Help:Other languages">Other languages</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Student_help" title="Help:Student help">Students</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Viewing_media" title="Help:Viewing media">Viewing media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contributing_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia">Contributing<br/>to Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Overviews and resources needed to comprehend, comment on, and edit">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Guidance_for_younger_editors" title="Wikipedia:Guidance for younger editors">Advice for young editors</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoiding_common_mistakes" title="Wikipedia:Avoiding common mistakes">Avoiding common mistakes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Simplified Manual of Style">Simplified Manual of Style</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_ruleset" title="Wikipedia:Simplified ruleset">Simplified rule-set</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">"Ignore all rules"</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_rules_are_principles" title="Wikipedia:The rules are principles">"The rules are principles"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Styletips" title="Wikipedia:Styletips">Style-tips</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tip_of_the_day" title="Wikipedia:Tip of the day">Tip of the day</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Your_first_article" title="Help:Your first article">Your first article</a> (<a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_wizard" title="Wikipedia:Article wizard">article wizard</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Getting_started" title="Help:Getting started">Getting started</a> <abbr title="Introductions and tutorials">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F" title="Wikipedia:Why create an account?">Why create an account?</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Help:Introduction">Introductions by topic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial">IRC <span style="font-size:85%;">(live chat)</span> tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User_guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide">VisualEditor user guide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Dos and don'ts">Dos and don'ts</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia policies, guidelines, and formatting standards in bullet points">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Accessibility_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Accessibility dos and don'ts">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biography_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biography dos and don'ts">Biographies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons dos and don'ts">Biographies (living)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Categorization dos and don'ts">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Consensus dos and don'ts">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Talk dos and don'ts">Discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation dos and don'ts">Disambiguation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Image dos and don'ts">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lead_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Lead dos and don'ts">Leads</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Linking_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Linking dos and don'ts">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:List dos and don'ts">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:References_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:References dos and don'ts">References</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Table_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Table dos and don'ts">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_title_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Article title dos and don'ts">Titles (of articles)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">How-to pages</a> and<br/><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">information pages</a> <abbr title="Topic specific informative and instructional pages">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">Appealing blocks</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to deletion">Article deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Citations_quick_reference" title="Help:Citations quick reference">Citations/references</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">Referencing for beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cite_errors" title="Help:Cite errors">Cite errors</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:References_and_page_numbers" title="Help:References and page numbers">References and page numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Convert" title="Help:Convert">Convert</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diff</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Minor_edit" title="Help:Minor edit">Minor edit</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">edit conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Find_sources" title="Help:Find sources">Find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">Footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_image_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to image deletion">Image deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Infobox" title="Help:Infobox">Infoboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Linking</a> (<a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">link color</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">Merging</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:How_to_move_a_page" title="Help:How to move a page">Renaming pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirect</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Passwords</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Email_confirmation" title="Help:Email confirmation">Email confirmation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Simple_guide_to_vandalism_cleanup" title="Help:Simple guide to vandalism cleanup">Simple vandalism cleanup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk pages</a> (<a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">archiving</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">simple archiving</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:WP_search_protocol" title="Help:WP search protocol">WP search protocol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki markup">Coding</a> <abbr title="Wikitext information consists of the syntax used to format a page">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wiki markup</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Calculation" title="Help:Calculation">Calculations</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">Characters</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hidden_text" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hidden text">Hidden text</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Music symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sounds</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">Transclusion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URL</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual files</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's directories and indexes">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_abbreviations" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Wikipedia:Contents">Contents</a> <small>(Encyclopedia proper)</small></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Department_directory" title="Wikipedia:Department directory">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Editor%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Editor's index to Wikipedia">Editor's index</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Essays</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Index">FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Glossary" title="Wikipedia:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Manual of Style </a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">Policies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Maintenance" title="Wikipedia:Maintenance">Tasks</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tips" title="Wikipedia:Tips">Tips</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div><b> <a href="/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Wikipedia:_The_Missing_Manual" title="Help:Wikipedia: The Missing Manual">Missing Manual</a></b> <hr/> <span class="noprint plainlinks" title="Edit Special:MyTalk"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:MyTalk&action=edit&section=new&preload=Help:Contents/helpmepreload&preloadtitle=Help+me%21"><b>Ask for help on your talk page</b></a></span> <b><abbr title="If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!">(?)</abbr></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20220823203759im_/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"/></noscript> <div class="printfooter">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Reference_desk&oldid=1085580314">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Reference_desk&oldid=1085580314</a>"</div></div> <div 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Navraagafdeling/Kop" title="Wikipedia:Navraagafdeling/Kop – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ich_brauche_Hilfe" title="Wikipedia:Ich brauche Hilfe – Alemannisch" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="ویکی‌پدیا:قایناق میز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:তথ্যকেন্দ্র – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Taulell_de_consultes" title="Viquipèdia:Taulell de consultes – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wicipedia:Y_Ddesg_Gyfeirio" title="Wicipedia:Y Ddesg Gyfeirio – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Auskunft" title="Wikipedia:Auskunft – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1:%CE%93%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Βικιπαίδεια:Γραφείο πληροφοριών – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consultas" title="Wikipedia:Consultas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedio:Informo" title="Vikipedio:Informo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%87/%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ویکی‌پدیا:پرسش‌های متفرقه/بایگانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Oracle" title="Wikipédia:Oracle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="विकिपीडिया:रेफ़रन्स डेस्क – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi/Meja_referensi" title="Wikipedia:Warung Kopi/Meja referensi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Oracolo" title="Wikipedia:Oracolo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94:%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%94" title="ויקיפדיה:הכה את המומחה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ვიკიპედია:ცნობათა ბიურო/შესავალი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC/%D0%A1%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Уикипедия:Форум/Сұрақтар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedya:Konsultas" title="Vikipedya:Konsultas – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedija:Informacijos_biuras" title="Vikipedija:Informacijos biuras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Or%C3%A0colo" title="Wikipedia:Oràcolo – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Tudakoz%C3%B3" title="Wikipédia:Tudakozó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Википедија:Биро за консултации/Банер – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Meja_rujukan" title="Wikipedia:Meja rujukan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:RD_header" title="Template:RD header – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%AA%BF%E3%81%B9%E3%82%82%E3%81%AE%E6%A1%88%E5%86%85" title="Wikipedia:調べもの案内 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88" title="Википеди:Форум/Хаттарш – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Orakelet" title="Wikipedia:Orakelet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Oracle/Ent%C3%A8sta" title="Wikipèdia:Oracle/Entèsta – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86:Reference_desk" title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:Reference desk – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86:%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9B-%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9B/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%96" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:ਪੁੱਛ-ਗਿੱਛ/ਸਿਰਲੇਖ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorlach:Ich_brauch_Hilf" title="Vorlach:Ich brauch Hilf – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%89%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B2" title="ويکيپېډيا:د سرچينو مېز – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%B6:%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%AF%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%99%E1%9F%84%E1%9E%84" title="វិគីភីឌា:តុឯកសារយោង – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pytania_merytoryczne" title="Wikipedia:Pytania merytoryczne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Oracol" title="Wikipedia:Oracol – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Вікіпедія:Порада про русиньскый язык – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%81_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80" title="විකිපීඩියා:නිර්දේශ කවුලුව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="وڪيپيڊيا:حوالو ميز – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Ot%C3%A1zky" title="Wikipédia:Otázky – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Orakelj" title="Wikipedija:Orakelj – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Su%27aal/Hordhac" title="Wikipedia:Su'aal/Hordhac – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%85%DB%8E%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ویکیپیدیا:مێزی زانیاری – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Википедија:Свезналица – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kahvihuone_(kysy_vapaasti)" title="Wikipedia:Kahvihuone (kysy vapaasti) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Faktafr%C3%A5gor" title="Wikipedia:Faktafrågor – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsultasyon" title="Wikipedia:Konsultasyon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE:%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:உசாத்துணைப் பக்கம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%A3_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="వికీపీడియా:సమాచార అన్వేషణ సంప్రదింపుల కేంద్రం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B2-%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="วิกิพีเดีย:ปุจฉา-วิสัชนา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi:Bilge" title="Vikipedi:Bilge – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="ویکیپیڈیا:حوالہ میز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:B%C3%A0n_tham_kh%E1%BA%A3o" title="Wikipedia:Bàn tham khảo – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%A9%A2%E5%95%8F%E8%99%95" title="Wikipedia:詢問處 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="Wikipedia:知识问答 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823203759/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3907025#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </nav> 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