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})();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Chapter 8 of the medieval and Ottoman Hajj in Jordan</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":37348804,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/12010197/Chapter_8_The_Hajj_Route_in_Syria"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":37348804,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/12010197/Chapter_8_The_Hajj_Route_in_Syria"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div 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Sulayman I mosque in Damascus (1554-60) (Tony Grey 1998). Damascus was always the official starting point of the Syrian Hajj route, even after the Ottoman conquest in 1517 when many pilgrims would begin their journey in Constantinople. However, the route from Constantinople to Damascus was of considerable importance and was known to contemporaries as ‘The Imperial Way’ (Zarik-i Sultani). It has been identified by Faroqhi as of one of the three major routes of the eastern Ottoman Empire (Faroghi 1994, 41). Although, in effect, the overland " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37348804/figure_001.jpg" /></a><figcaption class="figure-slide-caption ds2-5-body-xs">Plate 11. Sulayman I mosque in Damascus (1554-60) (Tony Grey 1998). Damascus was always the official starting point of the Syrian Hajj route, even after the Ottoman conquest in 1517 when many pilgrims would begin their journey in Constantinople. However, the route from Constantinople to Damascus was of considerable importance and was known to contemporaries as ‘The Imperial Way’ (Zarik-i Sultani). It has been identified by Faroqhi as of one of the three major routes of the eastern Ottoman Empire (Faroghi 1994, 41). Although, in effect, the overland </figcaption></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1280968/table-1-the-medieval-and-ottoman-hajj-route-in-jordan-an"><img alt="The Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan; an Archaeological and Historical Study " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37348804/table_001.jpg" /></a><figcaption class="figure-slide-caption ds2-5-body-xs">The Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan; an Archaeological and Historical Study </figcaption></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1280955/table-1-plate-interior-of-takiyya-complex-damascus"><img alt="Plate 13. Interior of Takiyya complex, Damascus (Photograph B_081 courtesy of the Gertrude Bell Archive, University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne). Plate 12. Takiyya complex, Damascus, viewed from north (Photograph B_083 courtesy of the Gertrude Bell Archive, University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne). Table 1 — Syrian Hajj Caravanserais north of Damascus based on Sauvaget (1937) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37348804/figure_002.jpg" /></a><figcaption class="figure-slide-caption ds2-5-body-xs">Plate 13. Interior of Takiyya complex, Damascus (Photograph B_081 courtesy of the Gertrude Bell Archive, University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne). Plate 12. Takiyya complex, Damascus, viewed from north (Photograph B_083 courtesy of the Gertrude Bell Archive, University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne). Table 1 — Syrian Hajj Caravanserais north of Damascus based on Sauvaget (1937) </figcaption></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1280958/figure-3-chapter-the-hajj-route-in-syria"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37348804/figure_003.jpg" /></a><figcaption class="figure-slide-caption ds2-5-body-xs"></figcaption></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1280961/figure-4-plate-khan-assad-pasha-ad-nine-domed-khan-located"><img alt="Plate 16. Khan Assad Pasha (1751-53 AD), nine-domed khan located in the Sug al Buzuriyya, Damascus (Photograph courtesy of Stefan Weber). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37348804/figure_004.jpg" /></a><figcaption class="figure-slide-caption ds2-5-body-xs">Plate 16. Khan Assad Pasha (1751-53 AD), nine-domed khan located in the Sug al Buzuriyya, Damascus (Photograph courtesy of Stefan Weber). </figcaption></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1280964/figure-5-plate-darwishiyya-mosque-ad-located-south-of-the"><img alt="Plate 15. Darwishiyya mosque (1574-75 AD), located 100 m south of the citadel in Damascus (Photograph courtesy of Stefan Weber). Plate 14. Sinaniyya Mosque (1591 AD), located 300 m south of the citadel in Damascus (Photograph courtesy of Stefan Weber). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37348804/figure_005.jpg" /></a><figcaption class="figure-slide-caption ds2-5-body-xs">Plate 15. Darwishiyya mosque (1574-75 AD), located 100 m south of the citadel in Damascus (Photograph courtesy of Stefan Weber). Plate 14. Sinaniyya Mosque (1591 AD), located 300 m south of the citadel in Damascus (Photograph courtesy of Stefan Weber). </figcaption></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1280966/figure-6-chapter-the-hajj-route-in-syria"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37348804/figure_006.jpg" /></a><figcaption class="figure-slide-caption ds2-5-body-xs"></figcaption></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-loswp-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="11984519" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11984519/Chapter_5_Medieval_and_Ottoman_Hajj_Route_in_Jordan">Chapter 5 Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1594274" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/AndrewPetersen">Andrew Petersen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Ottoman Hajj Route: Motivation and Ideology</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Chapter 5 Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan","attachmentId":37332010,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11984519/Chapter_5_Medieval_and_Ottoman_Hajj_Route_in_Jordan","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11984519/Chapter_5_Medieval_and_Ottoman_Hajj_Route_in_Jordan"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="11984471" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11984471/Chapter_4_Early_Ottoman_Arabia_and_the_Hajj_Route">Chapter 4 Early Ottoman Arabia and the Hajj Route</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1594274" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/AndrewPetersen">Andrew Petersen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Chapter 4 of The Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Chapter 4 Early Ottoman Arabia and the Hajj Route","attachmentId":37331958,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11984471/Chapter_4_Early_Ottoman_Arabia_and_the_Hajj_Route","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11984471/Chapter_4_Early_Ottoman_Arabia_and_the_Hajj_Route"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="7280066" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7280066/Chapter_2_The_Medieval_and_Ottoman_Hajj_Route_in_Jordan">Chapter 2 The Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1594274" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/AndrewPetersen">Andrew Petersen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The centrality of the Hajj to Islamic civilization means that there is plentiful documentation about the rituals and events that took place in connection with this annual undertaking. Predictably, the number and quality of the reports increase as we move closer to our own era, so that, for the Ottoman period there are reports in a number of languages (European and Islamic) allowing an insight into the workings of the Hajj route. In 1828 the water resources on the Hajj route were surveyed by engineers working for Muhammad 'Ali Pasha, ruler of Egypt (1805-48). A translation of this account by Michael Diboll is included as Appendix 1 of this volume.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Chapter 2 The Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan","attachmentId":33889851,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7280066/Chapter_2_The_Medieval_and_Ottoman_Hajj_Route_in_Jordan","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7280066/Chapter_2_The_Medieval_and_Ottoman_Hajj_Route_in_Jordan"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="7280091" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7280091/Chapter_3_The_Medieval_and_Ottoman_Hajj_Route_in_Jordan">Chapter 3 The Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1594274" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/AndrewPetersen">Andrew Petersen</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Chapter 3 The Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in 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href="https://www.academia.edu/6315192/THE_MEDIEVAL_AND_OTTOMAN_HAJJ_ROUTE_IN_JORDAN_An_Archaeological_and_Historical_Study_with_contributions_by">THE MEDIEVAL AND OTTOMAN HAJJ ROUTE IN JORDAN An Archaeological and Historical Study with contributions by</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="528618" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnthonyGrey">Anthony Grey</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="16922628" href="https://aventicum.academia.edu/DenisGenequand">Denis Genequand</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1594274" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/AndrewPetersen">Andrew Petersen</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THE MEDIEVAL AND OTTOMAN HAJJ ROUTE IN JORDAN An Archaeological and Historical Study with contributions by","attachmentId":33152064,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6315192/THE_MEDIEVAL_AND_OTTOMAN_HAJJ_ROUTE_IN_JORDAN_An_Archaeological_and_Historical_Study_with_contributions_by","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6315192/THE_MEDIEVAL_AND_OTTOMAN_HAJJ_ROUTE_IN_JORDAN_An_Archaeological_and_Historical_Study_with_contributions_by"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="44078866" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44078866/In_an_Ottoman_Holy_Land_The_Hajj_and_the_Road_from_Damascus_1500_1800">In an Ottoman Holy Land: The Hajj and the Road from Damascus, 1500-1800</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="13158" href="https://ucsd.academia.edu/NirShafir">Nir Shafir</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">History of Religions, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In this article, I demonstrate how the hajj became a central devotional practice for all inhabitants of the Ottoman Empire —Muslim and non-Muslim, Arabs and Rumis—between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. The motor of this transformation was the new infrastructure of the hajj that linked Istanbul to Damascus to Mecca and Medina. This infrastructure both changed the hajj into a journey into a larger holy land but also brought Christians to Jerusalem in emulation of the Muslim hajj. In particular, I emphasize in this article how to think of empire as a network or assemblage of human and non-human actors which results unintentionally in forms of shared culture, like the hajj.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"In an Ottoman Holy Land: The Hajj and the Road from Damascus, 1500-1800","attachmentId":64423318,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44078866/In_an_Ottoman_Holy_Land_The_Hajj_and_the_Road_from_Damascus_1500_1800","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44078866/In_an_Ottoman_Holy_Land_The_Hajj_and_the_Road_from_Damascus_1500_1800"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="51960564" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51960564/The_Ottoman_%E1%B8%A5ajj_route_in_Jordan_Motivation_and_Ideology">The Ottoman ḥajj route in Jordan: Motivation and Ideology</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1594274" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/AndrewPetersen">Andrew Petersen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Bulletin d’études orientales, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Ottoman ḥajj route in Jordan: Motivation and Ideology","attachmentId":69447078,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51960564/The_Ottoman_%E1%B8%A5ajj_route_in_Jordan_Motivation_and_Ideology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51960564/The_Ottoman_%E1%B8%A5ajj_route_in_Jordan_Motivation_and_Ideology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="73556792" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73556792/The_Ottoman_Conquest_of_Arabia_and_the_Syrian_Hajj_Route">The Ottoman Conquest of Arabia and the Syrian Hajj Route</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1594274" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/AndrewPetersen">Andrew Petersen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Frontiers of the Ottoman World, 2009</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Syrian Hajj (Pilgrimage) Road, which links Damascus with the holy cities of Medina and Mecca in Saudi Arabia, was a historical road supplying the most basic needs of the pilgrims during this long journey. Most important are the water control and storage systems facilities which are reflected as archaeological remains. This paper discusses the water supply installations associated with the Hajj route with special reference to the Ottoman fort of Fassou'ah as one of the Hajj stations in southern Jordan.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Ottoman Conquest of Arabia and the Syrian Hajj Route","attachmentId":82032652,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/73556792/The_Ottoman_Conquest_of_Arabia_and_the_Syrian_Hajj_Route","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/73556792/The_Ottoman_Conquest_of_Arabia_and_the_Syrian_Hajj_Route"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="12012882" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12012882/Chapter_9_Catalogue_of_Hajj_Forts_in_Jordan">Chapter 9 Catalogue of Hajj Forts in Jordan</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1594274" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/AndrewPetersen">Andrew Petersen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Chapter 9 of the Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12008642/Chapter_6_Travelling_on_the_Darb_al_Hajj">Chapter 6 Travelling on the Darb al-Hajj</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1594274" href="https://lamp.academia.edu/AndrewPetersen">Andrew Petersen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Chapter 6 of Medieval and Ottoman Hajj Route in Jordan</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Chapter 6 Travelling on the Darb al-Hajj","attachmentId":37347893,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12008642/Chapter_6_Travelling_on_the_Darb_al_Hajj","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free 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Early XX Centuries</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5822338" href="https://uzsci.academia.edu/SanobarShadmanova">Sanobar Shadmanova</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Theoretical & Applied Science, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hajj: The Ways of Pilgrimage of Muslims of Central Asia in the Late XIX - Early XX Centuries","attachmentId":69728359,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/52482570/Hajj_The_Ways_of_Pilgrimage_of_Muslims_of_Central_Asia_in_the_Late_XIX_Early_XX_Centuries","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/52482570/Hajj_The_Ways_of_Pilgrimage_of_Muslims_of_Central_Asia_in_the_Late_XIX_Early_XX_Centuries"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="12" data-entity-id="85226744" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/85226744/The_Hajj_From_West_Africa_From_a_Global_Historical_Perspective_19th_and_20th_Centuries_">The Hajj From West Africa From a Global Historical Perspective (19th and 20th Centuries)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="132488" href="https://humboldt-uni.academia.edu/BazLecocq">Baz Lecocq</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">African Diaspora, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Hajj From West Africa From a Global Historical Perspective (19th and 20th Centuries)","attachmentId":89989953,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85226744/The_Hajj_From_West_Africa_From_a_Global_Historical_Perspective_19th_and_20th_Centuries_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/85226744/The_Hajj_From_West_Africa_From_a_Global_Historical_Perspective_19th_and_20th_Centuries_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="13" data-entity-id="27570709" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27570709/_The_Early_Hajj_7th_8th_centuries_in_The_Hajj_Pilgrimage_in_Islam_ed_Eric_Tagliacozzo_and_Shawkat_Toorawa_Cambridge_Cambridge_University_Press_2015_42_64">“The Early Hajj, 7th–8th centuries,” in The Hajj: Pilgrimage in Islam, ed. Eric Tagliacozzo and Shawkat Toorawa (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015), 42–64.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="51741396" href="https://yale.academia.edu/TravisZadeh">Travis Zadeh</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"“The Early Hajj, 7th–8th centuries,” in The Hajj: Pilgrimage in Islam, ed. 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class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="14" data-entity-id="45027659" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45027659/The_Original_Islamic_Hajj_To_Jerusalem">The Original Islamic Hajj To Jerusalem</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="339036" href="https://iuni-saarland.academia.edu/RobertKerr">Robert Martin Kerr</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Postil, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Original Islamic Hajj To 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