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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Pre-Columbian_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-Columbian_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Pre-Columbian art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-Columbian_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colonial_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonial_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Colonial art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonial_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_and_contemporary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_and_contemporary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Modern and contemporary</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modern_and_contemporary-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modern and contemporary subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modern_and_contemporary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Indigenous_movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indigenous_movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Indigenous movement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indigenous_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Contemporary art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Folk_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folk_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Folk art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folk_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Overview of art in Peru</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist" style="width:22.0em; border:4px double #f5b00f; background:#FFFFFF;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><b><span style="color:#D91023;">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Peru" title="Category:Peru">a series</a> on the</span></b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#D91023 ; border:1px double #FFFFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Peru" title="Culture of Peru"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;"><small>Culture of Peru</small></span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_armas_del_Per%C3%BA_(versi%C3%B3n_alternativa).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Escudo_de_armas_del_Per%C3%BA_%28versi%C3%B3n_alternativa%29.svg/90px-Escudo_de_armas_del_Per%C3%BA_%28versi%C3%B3n_alternativa%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Escudo_de_armas_del_Per%C3%BA_%28versi%C3%B3n_alternativa%29.svg/135px-Escudo_de_armas_del_Per%C3%BA_%28versi%C3%B3n_alternativa%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Escudo_de_armas_del_Per%C3%BA_%28versi%C3%B3n_alternativa%29.svg/180px-Escudo_de_armas_del_Per%C3%BA_%28versi%C3%B3n_alternativa%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1002" data-file-height="1002" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#D91023; color:#FFFFFF;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norte_Chico_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Norte Chico civilization">Norte Chico civilization</a><small> 3500 BC-1800 BC</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chav%C3%ADn_culture" title="Chavín culture">Chavín culture</a><small> 900 BC-200 BC</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moche_culture" title="Moche culture">Moche culture</a><small> 100-700</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiwanaku_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiwanaku empire">Tiwanaku empire</a><small> 550-1000</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wari_Empire" title="Wari Empire">Wari Empire</a><small> 6th century-1438</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cusco" title="Kingdom of Cusco">Kingdom of Cusco</a><small> 1197-1438</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_Empire" title="Inca Empire">Inca Empire</a><small> 1438-1572</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Peru" title="Viceroyalty of Peru">Viceroyalty of Peru</a><small> 1542-1821</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Peru">Republic of Peru</a><small> 1821-present</small></b></li></ul> <hr /> <b><a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage_of_Peru" title="Cultural heritage of Peru">Cultural heritage of Peru</a></b></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#D91023; color:#FFFFFF;;color: var(--color-base)">Arts and literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incan_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Incan art">Pre-Columbian art</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Peruvian art</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Contemporary_Art">Contemporary art</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_architecture" title="Inca architecture">Inca architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Peru" title="Architecture of Peru">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_literature" title="Peruvian literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Peru#Colonial_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Peru">Colonial literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Peru#Modern_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Peru">Modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Peruvian_comics" title="Category:Peruvian comics">Comics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Peruvian_writers" title="List of Peruvian writers">Writers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Prada" title="Manuel González Prada">González Prada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Mari%C3%A1tegui" title="José Carlos Mariátegui">Mariátegui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clorinda_Matto_de_Turner" title="Clorinda Matto de Turner">Matto de Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Vargas Llosa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_in_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre in Peru">Theatre</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#D91023; color:#FFFFFF;;color: var(--color-base)">Entertainment</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Peru" title="Sport in Peru">Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Peru" title="Football in Peru">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Peru#Taekwondo" title="Sport in Peru">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfing_in_Peru" title="Surfing in Peru">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Peru#Tennis" title="Sport in Peru">Tennis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Peru">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radio_in_Peru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radio in Peru (page does not exist)">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Peru" title="Cinema of Peru">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Peru" title="Television in Peru">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Peru" title="List of newspapers in Peru">Newspapers</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#D91023; color:#FFFFFF;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine" title="Peruvian cuisine"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Cuisine</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quinoa" title="Quinoa">Quinoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">Potatoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_corn" title="Purple corn">Purple corn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maca" class="mw-redirect" title="Maca">Maca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">Fruits</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine#Regional_differences" title="Peruvian cuisine">Regional differences</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine#Regional_differences#Coastal_areas" title="Peruvian cuisine">Coastal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine#Regional_differences#Andes" title="Peruvian cuisine">Andes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine#Regional_differences#Amazon" title="Peruvian cuisine">Amazon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chifa" title="Chifa"> Chifa cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine#Sweet_dishes_and_desserts" title="Peruvian cuisine">Desserts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfajor" title="Alfajor">Alfajores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arroz_con_leche_(dessert)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arroz con leche (dessert)">Arroz con leche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A8me_caramel#Peru" title="Crème caramel">Flan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucuma" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucuma">Lucuma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine#Beverages" title="Peruvian cuisine">Beverages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inca_Kola" title="Inca Kola">Inca Kola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicha_morada" title="Chicha morada">Chicha morada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisco" title="Pisco">Pisco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Peruvian_chefs" title="Category:Peruvian chefs">Peruvian chefs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gast%C3%B3n_Acurio" title="Gastón Acurio">Gastón Acurio</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#D91023; color:#FFFFFF;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Peru" title="Music of Peru"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Music</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_rock" title="Peruvian rock">Peruvian rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cumbia" title="Peruvian cumbia">Peruvian cumbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_criolla" title="Música criolla">Música criolla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huayno" title="Huayno">Huayno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festejo" title="Festejo">Festejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andean_music" title="Andean music">Andean music</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_salsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peruvian salsa (page does not exist)">Peruvian salsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinera" title="Marinera">Marinera</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#D91023; color:#FFFFFF;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Peru"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Peoples</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Peruvians" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Peruvians">Afro-Peruvians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amerindian" class="mw-redirect" title="Amerindian">Amerindian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quechua_people" title="Quechua people">Quechua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aymara_people" title="Aymara people">Aymara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Peruvians" title="Chinese Peruvians">Chinese Peruvians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Peruvians" class="mw-redirect" title="European Peruvians">European Peruvians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Peruvians" title="Japanese Peruvians">Japanese Peruvians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">Mestizo</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#D91023; color:#FFFFFF;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Tradition</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_Miracles" title="Lord of Miracles">Lord of Miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiestas_Patrias_(Peru)" title="Fiestas Patrias (Peru)">Fiestas Patrias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inti_Raymi" title="Inti Raymi">Inti Raymi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Peru" title="Catholic Church in Peru">Catholic Church in Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Peru" title="Flag of Peru">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Peru" title="Religion in Peru">Religion in Peru</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Peru.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/50px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/75px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/100px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Peru" title="Portal:Peru">Peru portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Peru" title="Template:Culture of Peru"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Peru" title="Template talk:Culture of Peru"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Peru" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Peru"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Peruvian art</b> has its origin in the <a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Ancient_Cultures" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian Ancient Cultures">Andean civilizations</a>. These <a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Ancient_Cultures" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian Ancient Cultures">civilizations</a> rose in the territory of modern <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> before the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Spanish colonization of the Americas">arrival of the Spanish</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pre-Columbian_art">Pre-Columbian art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Pre-Columbian art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_art" title="Pre-Columbian art">Pre-Columbian art</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_detail_of_the_Raimondi_Stela.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/A_detail_of_the_Raimondi_Stela.png/220px-A_detail_of_the_Raimondi_Stela.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/A_detail_of_the_Raimondi_Stela.png/330px-A_detail_of_the_Raimondi_Stela.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/A_detail_of_the_Raimondi_Stela.png 2x" data-file-width="402" data-file-height="267" /></a><figcaption>A detail of the <a href="/wiki/Raimondi_Stela" class="mw-redirect" title="Raimondi Stela">Raimondi Stela</a>. This stela was found out of its original placement at the ceremonial complex, Chavín de Huantar. It was cited by <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a> as an inspiration for his art.</figcaption></figure> <p>Peru's earliest artwork came from the <a href="/wiki/Cupisnique" title="Cupisnique">Cupisnique</a> culture, which was concentrated on the Pacific coast, and the Chavín culture, which was largely north of <a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a> between the Andean mountain ranges of the Cordillera Negra and the Cordillera Blanca. Decorative work from this era, approximately the 9th century BCE, was symbolic and religious in nature. The artists worked with gold, silver and <a href="/wiki/Ceramics_(art)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceramics (art)">ceramics</a> to create a variety of sculpture and relief carvings. These civilizations were also known for their <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a> and wood sculpture. </p><p>Between the 9th century BC and the 2nd century CE, the <a href="/wiki/Paracas_culture" title="Paracas culture">Paracas</a> Cavernas and Paracas Necropolis cultures developed on the south coast of Peru. Paracas Cavernas produced complex polychrome and monochrome ceramics with religious representations. Burials from the Paracas Necropolis also yielded <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080120151305/http://exchanges.state.gov/culprop/1peru/sect1.htm">complex textiles</a>, many produced with sophisticated geometric patterns. </p><p>The 3rd century BCE saw the flowering of the urban culture, <a href="/wiki/Moche_(culture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moche (culture)">Moche</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Lambayeque_(Department_of_Peru)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambayeque (Department of Peru)">Lambayeque</a> region. The <a href="/wiki/Moche_(culture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moche (culture)">Mochica culture</a> produced impressive architectural works, such as the <a href="/wiki/Huaca_del_Sol" title="Huaca del Sol">Huacas del Sol y de la Luna</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Huaca_Rajada" title="Huaca Rajada">Huaca Rajada</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sip%C3%A1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Sipán">Sipan</a>. They were expert at <a href="/wiki/Terrace_(agriculture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrace (agriculture)">cultivation in terraces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_engineering" title="Hydraulic engineering">hydraulic engineering</a> and produced original ceramics, textiles, pictorial and sculptural works. </p><p>Another urban culture, the <a href="/wiki/Huari_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Huari Culture">Wari civilization</a>, flourished between the 8th and 12th centuries in <a href="/wiki/Ayacucho_(Department_of_Peru)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayacucho (Department of Peru)">Ayacucho</a>. Their centralized town planning was extended to other areas, such as <a href="/wiki/Pachacamac" title="Pachacamac">Pachacamac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cajamarquilla" title="Cajamarquilla">Cajamarquilla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wari_Willka" title="Wari Willka">Wari Willka</a>. </p><p>Between the 9th and 13th centuries CE, the military urban <a href="/wiki/Tiwanaku" title="Tiwanaku">Tiwanaku</a> empire rose by the borders of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Titicaca" title="Lake Titicaca">Lake Titicaca</a>. Centered around a city of the same name in modern-day Bolivia, the Tiwanaku introduced stone architecture and sculpture of a monumental type. These works of <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a> and art were made possible by the Tiwanaku's developing <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a>, which enabled them to make the necessary tools. </p><p>Urban architecture reached a new height between the 14th and 15th centuries in the <a href="/wiki/Chim%C3%BA_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Chimú Culture">Chimú Culture</a>. The Chimú built the city of <a href="/wiki/Chan_Chan" title="Chan Chan">Chan Chan</a> in the valley of the Moche river, in <a href="/wiki/La_Libertad_(Department_of_Peru)" class="mw-redirect" title="La Libertad (Department of Peru)">La Libertad</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Chim%C3%BA_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Chimú Culture">Chimú</a> were skilled <a href="/wiki/Goldsmith" title="Goldsmith">goldsmiths</a> and created remarkable works of <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_engineering" title="Hydraulic engineering">hydraulic engineering</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Inca_Empire" title="Inca Empire">Inca Civilization</a>, which united Peru under its hegemony in the centuries immediately preceding the Spanish conquest, incorporated into their own works a great part of the cultural legacy of the civilizations which preceded it. Important relics of their artwork and architecture can be seen in cities like <a href="/wiki/Cusco_(Department_of_Peru)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cusco (Department of Peru)">Cusco</a>, architectural remains like <a href="/wiki/Sacsayhuam%C3%A1n" title="Sacsayhuamán">Sacsahuaman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Machu_Picchu" title="Machu Picchu">Machu Picchu</a> and stone pavements that united <a href="/wiki/Cusco_(Department_of_Peru)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cusco (Department of Peru)">Cusco</a> with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Inca_Empire" title="Inca Empire">Inca Empire</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 972px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paracas_mantle,_BM.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nazca mantle from Paracas Necropolis, 1-100 CE This is a "double fish" (probably sharks) design, Brooklyn Museum"><img alt="Nazca mantle from Paracas Necropolis, 1-100 CE This is a "double fish" (probably sharks) design, Brooklyn Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Paracas_mantle%2C_BM.jpg/200px-Paracas_mantle%2C_BM.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Paracas_mantle%2C_BM.jpg/300px-Paracas_mantle%2C_BM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Paracas_mantle%2C_BM.jpg/400px-Paracas_mantle%2C_BM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="811" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nazca mantle from <a href="/wiki/Paracas_culture" title="Paracas culture">Paracas</a> <a href="/wiki/Necropolis" title="Necropolis">Necropolis</a>, 1-100 CE This is a "double fish" (probably sharks) design, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum" title="Brooklyn Museum">Brooklyn Museum</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nariguera_Moche2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Moche Nariguera depicting the Decapitator (Ayapec, Ai Apaec), gold with turquoise and chrysocolla inlays, c. 200–850 CE, Museo Oro del Peru, Lima"><img alt="Moche Nariguera depicting the Decapitator (Ayapec, Ai Apaec), gold with turquoise and chrysocolla inlays, c. 200–850 CE, Museo Oro del Peru, Lima" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Nariguera_Moche2.JPG/200px-Nariguera_Moche2.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Nariguera_Moche2.JPG/300px-Nariguera_Moche2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Nariguera_Moche2.JPG/400px-Nariguera_Moche2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1986" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Moche <i>Nariguera</i> depicting the Decapitator (Ayapec, Ai Apaec), gold with turquoise and <a href="/wiki/Chrysocolla" title="Chrysocolla">chrysocolla</a> inlays, c. 200–850 CE, Museo Oro del Peru, Lima</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Over_Machu_Picchu.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A view of Machu Picchu, Incan architecture, c. 1450 CE"><img alt="A view of Machu Picchu, Incan architecture, c. 1450 CE" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Over_Machu_Picchu.jpg/164px-Over_Machu_Picchu.jpg" decoding="async" width="164" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Over_Machu_Picchu.jpg/246px-Over_Machu_Picchu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Over_Machu_Picchu.jpg/328px-Over_Machu_Picchu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="2987" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A view of <a href="/wiki/Machu_Picchu" title="Machu Picchu">Machu Picchu</a>, Incan architecture, c. 1450 CE</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chancay_-_Textile_Doll_-_Walters_83768.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Textile doll (11th century), Chancay culture, found near Lima, Walters Art Museum. Of their small size, dolls are frequently found in ancient Peruvian tombs.[1]"><img alt="Textile doll (11th century), Chancay culture, found near Lima, Walters Art Museum. Of their small size, dolls are frequently found in ancient Peruvian tombs.[1]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chancay_-_Textile_Doll_-_Walters_83768.jpg/138px-Chancay_-_Textile_Doll_-_Walters_83768.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chancay_-_Textile_Doll_-_Walters_83768.jpg/207px-Chancay_-_Textile_Doll_-_Walters_83768.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chancay_-_Textile_Doll_-_Walters_83768.jpg/276px-Chancay_-_Textile_Doll_-_Walters_83768.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1244" data-file-height="1799" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Textile doll (11th century), <a href="/wiki/Chancay_culture" title="Chancay culture">Chancay culture</a>, found near <a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walters_Art_Museum" title="Walters Art Museum">Walters Art Museum</a>. Of their small size, dolls are frequently found in ancient Peruvian tombs.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colonial_art">Colonial art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Colonial art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peruvian <a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">sculpture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">painting</a> began to define themselves from the <a href="/wiki/Studio" title="Studio">ateliers</a> founded by <a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">monks</a>, who were strongly influenced by the Sevillian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_Baroque_Art&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Contemporary Baroque Art (page does not exist)">Baroque School</a>. In this context, the stalls of the <a href="/wiki/Lima_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Lima Cathedral">Cathedral</a> choir, the fountain of the Main Square of <a href="/wiki/Lima_District" title="Lima District">Lima</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> both by <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Noguera" title="Pedro de Noguera">Pedro de Noguera</a>, and a great part of the colonial production were registered. The first center of art established by the Spanish was the <a href="/wiki/Cuzco_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuzco School">Cuzco School</a> that taught <a href="/wiki/Quechua_people" title="Quechua people">Quechua</a> artists European painting styles. <a href="/wiki/Diego_Quispe_Tito" title="Diego Quispe Tito">Diego Quispe Tito</a> (1611–1681) was one of the first members of the Cuzco school and <a href="/wiki/Marcos_Zapata" title="Marcos Zapata">Marcos Zapata</a> (1710–1773) was one of the last. </p><p>Painting of this time reflected a synthesis of European and indigenous influences, as is evident in the portrait of prisoner Atahualpa, by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diego_de_Mora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diego de Mora (page does not exist)">D. de Mora</a> or in the canvases of the Italians <a href="/wiki/Mateo_P%C3%A9rez_de_Alesio" class="mw-redirect" title="Mateo Pérez de Alesio">Mateo Pérez de Alesio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Angelino_Medoro" title="Angelino Medoro">Angelino Medoro</a>, the Spaniards <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Bejarano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francisco Bejarano (page does not exist)">Francisco Bejarano</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._de_Illescas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. de Illescas (page does not exist)">J. de Illescas</a> and the Creole <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Rodriguez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Rodriguez (page does not exist)">J. Rodriguez</a>. </p><p>During the 17th and 18th centuries, the <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> Style also dominated the field of <a href="/wiki/Plastic_arts" title="Plastic arts">plastic arts</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1052px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brooklyn_Museum_-_Virgin_of_Carmel_Saving_Souls_in_Purgatory_-_Circle_of_Diego_Quispe_Tito_-_overall.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Virgin of Carmel Saving Souls in Purgatory, Circle of Diego Quispe Tito, 17th century, collection of the Brooklyn Museum"><img alt="Virgin of Carmel Saving Souls in Purgatory, Circle of Diego Quispe Tito, 17th century, collection of the Brooklyn Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Virgin_of_Carmel_Saving_Souls_in_Purgatory_-_Circle_of_Diego_Quispe_Tito_-_overall.jpg/163px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Virgin_of_Carmel_Saving_Souls_in_Purgatory_-_Circle_of_Diego_Quispe_Tito_-_overall.jpg" decoding="async" width="163" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Virgin_of_Carmel_Saving_Souls_in_Purgatory_-_Circle_of_Diego_Quispe_Tito_-_overall.jpg/244px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Virgin_of_Carmel_Saving_Souls_in_Purgatory_-_Circle_of_Diego_Quispe_Tito_-_overall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Virgin_of_Carmel_Saving_Souls_in_Purgatory_-_Circle_of_Diego_Quispe_Tito_-_overall.jpg/326px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Virgin_of_Carmel_Saving_Souls_in_Purgatory_-_Circle_of_Diego_Quispe_Tito_-_overall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="569" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Virgin of Carmel Saving Souls in Purgatory,</i> Circle of <a href="/wiki/Diego_Quispe_Tito" title="Diego Quispe Tito">Diego Quispe Tito</a>, 17th century, collection of the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum" title="Brooklyn Museum">Brooklyn Museum</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Matrimonio_de_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Loyola_con_do%C3%B1a_Beatriz_%C3%91usta,_y_de_Don_Juan_Borja_con_Lorenza_%C3%91usta.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Marriage of Captain Martin de Loyola to Beatriz Ñusta, c. 1675–1690, Church of la Compañía de Jesús, Cuzco"><img alt="The Marriage of Captain Martin de Loyola to Beatriz Ñusta, c. 1675–1690, Church of la Compañía de Jesús, Cuzco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Matrimonio_de_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Loyola_con_do%C3%B1a_Beatriz_%C3%91usta%2C_y_de_Don_Juan_Borja_con_Lorenza_%C3%91usta.jpg/210px-Matrimonio_de_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Loyola_con_do%C3%B1a_Beatriz_%C3%91usta%2C_y_de_Don_Juan_Borja_con_Lorenza_%C3%91usta.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Matrimonio_de_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Loyola_con_do%C3%B1a_Beatriz_%C3%91usta%2C_y_de_Don_Juan_Borja_con_Lorenza_%C3%91usta.jpg/314px-Matrimonio_de_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Loyola_con_do%C3%B1a_Beatriz_%C3%91usta%2C_y_de_Don_Juan_Borja_con_Lorenza_%C3%91usta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Matrimonio_de_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Loyola_con_do%C3%B1a_Beatriz_%C3%91usta%2C_y_de_Don_Juan_Borja_con_Lorenza_%C3%91usta.jpg/419px-Matrimonio_de_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Loyola_con_do%C3%B1a_Beatriz_%C3%91usta%2C_y_de_Don_Juan_Borja_con_Lorenza_%C3%91usta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3902" data-file-height="4096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Marriage of Captain Martin de Loyola to Beatriz Ñusta</i>, c. 1675–1690, Church of la Compañía de Jesús, Cuzco</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cuzque%C3%B1a2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Our Lady of Bethelem, anonymous, 18th century"><img alt="Our Lady of Bethelem, anonymous, 18th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Cuzque%C3%B1a2.jpg/156px-Cuzque%C3%B1a2.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Cuzque%C3%B1a2.jpg/234px-Cuzque%C3%B1a2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Cuzque%C3%B1a2.jpg/312px-Cuzque%C3%B1a2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1510" data-file-height="2130" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Our Lady of Bethelem</i>, anonymous, 18th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Warriorangel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archangel Uriel, anonymous, 18th century, featuring an Ángel arcabucero"><img alt="Archangel Uriel, anonymous, 18th century, featuring an Ángel arcabucero" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Warriorangel.jpg/153px-Warriorangel.jpg" decoding="async" width="153" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Warriorangel.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="223" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Archangel Uriel</i>, anonymous, 18th century, featuring an <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_arcabucero" title="Ángel arcabucero">Ángel arcabucero</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fresque_%C3%A9glise_huaro.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Preserved colonial wall painting of 1802 depicting Hell,[3][4][5] by Tadeo Escalante, inside the Church of San Juan Bautista in Huaro (Peru)"><img alt="Preserved colonial wall painting of 1802 depicting Hell,[3][4][5] by Tadeo Escalante, inside the Church of San Juan Bautista in Huaro (Peru)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Fresque_%C3%A9glise_huaro.JPG/220px-Fresque_%C3%A9glise_huaro.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Fresque_%C3%A9glise_huaro.JPG/330px-Fresque_%C3%A9glise_huaro.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Fresque_%C3%A9glise_huaro.JPG/440px-Fresque_%C3%A9glise_huaro.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Preserved colonial wall painting of 1802 depicting Hell,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by Tadeo Escalante, inside the Church of San Juan Bautista in <a href="/wiki/Huaro_District" title="Huaro District">Huaro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Siller%C3%ADa_del_coro,_Catedral_de_Lima,_Peru-02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stalls of the Cathedral choir, Pedro de Noguera"><img alt="Stalls of the Cathedral choir, Pedro de Noguera" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Siller%C3%ADa_del_coro%2C_Catedral_de_Lima%2C_Peru-02.jpg/220px-Siller%C3%ADa_del_coro%2C_Catedral_de_Lima%2C_Peru-02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Siller%C3%ADa_del_coro%2C_Catedral_de_Lima%2C_Peru-02.jpg/330px-Siller%C3%ADa_del_coro%2C_Catedral_de_Lima%2C_Peru-02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Siller%C3%ADa_del_coro%2C_Catedral_de_Lima%2C_Peru-02.jpg/440px-Siller%C3%ADa_del_coro%2C_Catedral_de_Lima%2C_Peru-02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stalls of the <a href="/wiki/Lima_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Lima Cathedral">Cathedral</a> choir, Pedro de Noguera</div> </li> </ul> <p>The image of Mary in Our Lady of Bethlehem hosts a lot of European styling and representations of the Western Mary. She is elevated from the ground, and is wearing a crown and has the faint image of a circular halo behind her head. She is being presented as cherubic figures pull back drapery, as if she is being "showcased." Surrounding her are small cherubic heads, often referred to as "puti's" in Southern American culture. They represent the innocence of children and act as a nod to her maternity and Jesus. She is dresses in obvious western, high-culture garments - highly adorned. Even the infant Christ is portrayed in western apparel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="19th_century">19th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Morillo_-_Perezosa_(Idle_Woman)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Morillo_-_Perezosa_%28Idle_Woman%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/300px-Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Morillo_-_Perezosa_%28Idle_Woman%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Morillo_-_Perezosa_%28Idle_Woman%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/450px-Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Morillo_-_Perezosa_%28Idle_Woman%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Morillo_-_Perezosa_%28Idle_Woman%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/600px-Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Morillo_-_Perezosa_%28Idle_Woman%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13903" data-file-height="9053" /></a><figcaption> <i><a href="/wiki/Idle_Woman" class="mw-redirect" title="Idle Woman">Idle Woman</a></i> (<i>Perezosa</i>) by <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Morillo" title="Daniel Hernández Morillo">Daniel Hernández Morillo</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>In the 19th century, <a href="/wiki/French_Rococo_and_Neoclassicism" class="mw-redirect" title="French Rococo and Neoclassicism">French neoclassic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">romantic currents</a> es in <a href="/w/index.php?title=L._Montero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L. Montero (page does not exist)">L. Montero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ignacio_Merino" title="Ignacio Merino">Ignacio Merino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Morillo" title="Daniel Hernández Morillo">Daniel Hernández Morillo</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Masias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francisco Masias (page does not exist)">Francisco Masias</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_and_contemporary">Modern and contemporary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern and contemporary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indigenous_movement">Indigenous movement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Indigenous movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The establishment of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Escuela_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Lima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escuela de Bellas Artes de Lima (page does not exist)">Fine Arts School of Lima</a> (1919) had a decisive influence on Peruvian sculpture and painting. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">sculpture</a>, some of the most remarkable artists include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_Agurto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis Agurto (page does not exist)">Luis Agurto</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=L._Valdettaro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L. Valdettaro (page does not exist)">L. Valdettaro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Roca_Rey" class="mw-redirect" title="Joaquin Roca Rey">Joaquin Roca Rey</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Piqueras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Piqueras (page does not exist)">J. Piqueras</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberto_Guzm%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto Guzmán (page does not exist)">Alberto Guzmán</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Delf%C3%ADn" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Delfín">Victor Delfín</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=F._S%C3%A1nchez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F. Sánchez (page does not exist)">F. Sánchez</a>. Among the painters, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hern%C3%A1ndez_(painter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Hernández (painter)">Daniel Hernández</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Grau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="R. Grau (page does not exist)">R. Grau</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cesar_Quispez_Asin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cesar Quispez Asin (page does not exist)">Cesar Quispez Asin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jose_Sabogal" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Sabogal">Jose Sabogal</a> are particularly notable. Sabogal headed the indigenous movement, which was one of the main influences on Peruvian contemporary painting. Among the most notable painters in the indigenous movement was <a href="/wiki/Julia_Codesido" title="Julia Codesido">Julia Codesido</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the most widely recognized painters are <a href="/wiki/Fernando_de_Szyszlo" title="Fernando de Szyszlo">Fernando de Szyszlo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberto_Davila_(Peru)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto Davila (Peru) (page does not exist)">Alberto Davila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armando_Villegas" title="Armando Villegas">Armando Villegas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabino_Springett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabino Springett (page does not exist)">Sabino Springett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Rivero" title="Bernardo Rivero">Bernardo Rivero</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Alberto_Tello_Montalvo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Alberto Tello Montalvo (page does not exist)">J. Alberto Tello Montalvo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor_Humareda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor Humareda (page does not exist)">Victor Humareda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=M._A._Cuadros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M. A. Cuadros (page does not exist)">M. A. Cuadros</a>, Ángel Chávez, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Milner_Cajahuaringa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Milner Cajahuaringa (page does not exist)">Milner Cajahuaringa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arturo_Kubotta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arturo Kubotta (page does not exist)">Arturo Kubotta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venancio_Shinki" title="Venancio Shinki">Venancio Shinki</a>, <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Quintanilla_del_Mar" class="extiw" title="es:Alberto Quintanilla del Mar">Alberto Quintanilla (wiki Es)</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=G._Ch%C3%A1vez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G. Chávez (page does not exist)">G. Chávez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tilsa_Tsuchiya" title="Tilsa Tsuchiya">Tilsa Tsuchiya</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Herskowitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Herskowitz (page does not exist)">David Herskowitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Allain" class="mw-redirect" title="Óscar Allain">Óscar Allain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Revilla" title="Carlos Revilla">Carlos Revilla</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9rvulo_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Sérvulo Gutiérrez">Sérvulo Gutiérrez</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amilcar_Salomon_Zorrilla_(Peru)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amilcar Salomon Zorrilla (Peru) (page does not exist)">Amilcar Salomon Zorrilla (Peru)</a>. </p><p>In the field of photography, <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi" title="Martín Chambi">Martín Chambi</a> made major contributions. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bingham1922_Mausoleo_de_Machu_Picchu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bingham1922_Mausoleo_de_Machu_Picchu.jpg/220px-Bingham1922_Mausoleo_de_Machu_Picchu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="387" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Bingham1922_Mausoleo_de_Machu_Picchu.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="466" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi" title="Martín Chambi">Martín Chambi</a> photo a man at <a href="/wiki/Machu_Picchu" title="Machu Picchu">Machu Picchu</a>, published in <i>Inca Land. Explorations in the Highlands of Peru</i>, 1922</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_art">Contemporary art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Contemporary art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Teresa_Burga" title="Teresa Burga">Teresa Burga</a> was a multimedia artist that works with conceptual art since the 60s and 70s. She was a pioneer in media art, art and technology and installation art in Peru. She was one of the most important non-objectualist artists of those decades in Peru. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">sculpture</a> <a href="/wiki/Cristina_G%C3%A1lvez" title="Cristina Gálvez">Cristina Gálvez</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was one of the most influential artists and art educators. In the 1980s after the art festival Contacta 1979 the group <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrimiento_de_tierra#Huaico" class="extiw" title="es:Corrimiento de tierra">Huayco</a> was created by Charo Noriega, Mariella Zevallos, Maria Luy, Armando Williams, Herbert Rodriguez and Juan Javier Salazar. This group appropriated the means of production and iconography of popular aesthetics.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the history of Contemporary Art in Peru the Third Biennial of Trujilo in 1990 played an important role.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This biennial included local artists as well as artists from neighboring countries. <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Eduardo_Eielson" title="Jorge Eduardo Eielson">Jorge Eduardo Eielson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Piqueras" title="Jorge Piqueras">Jorge Piqueras</a> were among the exhibiting artists that returned to Peru from Europe to participate within this biennial. It was the last biennial in Trujillo. In 1992 the artist Jaime Higa presented an exhibition at The Museum of Italian Art in Lima curated by Gustavo Buntinx.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 80s were marked by the civil war and artists responded to the political situation. Among these artists are <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Tokeshi" title="Eduardo Tokeshi">Eduardo Tokeshi</a>, Ricardo Wiesse and Alfredo Marquez. Later on in 1997 the First Ibero American Biennial was produced in Lima directed by Luis Lama. This biennial allowed for the exchange of ideas and a wider exposure for Peruvian artists. A memorable moment within this biennial was the unexpected performance by <a href="/wiki/Elena_Tejada-Herrera" title="Elena Tejada-Herrera">Elena Tejada-Herrera</a>, which became an milestone within the history of Peruvian performance art. In 1999 Tejada-Herrera was awarded the first prize in the contest Passport for and Artist with a performance for which she hired street sellers performing on the streets of Lima.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another milestone in the history of contemporary Peruvian art is the Travestite Museum created by the philosopher and drag queen Giussepe Campuzano in 2003. <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Folk_art">Folk art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Folk art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Chulucanas" title="Chulucanas">Chulucanas</a> pottery originates in the <a href="/wiki/Piura_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Piura Region">Piura Region</a>. Inspired by pre-Incan ceramics, the bold, graphic pottery is now exported all over the world.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Designs are varied, but are predominated by black and white. There are several bigger companies but a lot of small manufactures are in Chulucanas itself and in the nearby villages of Quatro Esquinas. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ayacucho_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayacucho Region">Ayacucho Region</a> is known for its <a href="/wiki/Retablo" title="Retablo">retablos</a>, or devotional paintings. <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Pedro_de_Cajas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Pedro de Cajas (page does not exist)">San Pedro de Cajas</a> in Ayacucho produces collectible looms. Cusco artistans create <a href="/wiki/Stuffed_animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Stuffed animal">stuffed animals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doll" title="Doll">dolls</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cochas-Huancayo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cochas-Huancayo (page does not exist)">Cochas-Huancayo</a> is known for its <a href="/wiki/Gourd_art" title="Gourd art">gourd art</a>. </p><p>Folk art (specifically dance, music, and costume) is preserved at the <a href="/wiki/Centro_Qosqo_de_Arte_Nativo" title="Centro Qosqo de Arte Nativo">Centro Qosqo de Arte Nativo</a> in Cusco, which is recognized as the first folk institution of all of Peru.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Americas Society, Art Gallery. <i>Potosí: Colonial Treasures and the Bolivian City of Silver</i>. New York 1997.</li> <li>Banco Crédito del Peru. <i>Colección arte y tesoros del Perú: Escultura en el Perú</i>. Lima 1999.</li> <li>Banco Crédito del Peru. <i>Colección arte y tesoros del Perú: Pintura en el Virreinato del Perú</i>. Lima 2001.</li> <li>Banco Crédito del Peru. <i>Colección arte y tesoros del Perú: Pintura mural en el sur andino</i>. Lima 1999.</li> <li>Banco Crédito del Peru. <i>Colección arte y tesoros del Perú: Pintura virreynal</i>. Lima 1973.</li> <li>Benavente Velarde. <i>Historia del arte cusqueño: Pintores cusqueños de la colonia</i>. Cuzco 1995.</li> <li>Castedo, Leopoldo. <i>The Cuzco Circle</i>. New York 1976.</li> <li>Cummins, Thomas B.F. <i>Toasts with the Inca: Andean Abstraction and Colonial Images on Quero Vessels</i>. Ann Arbor 2002.</li> <li>Damian, Carol. <i>The Virgin of the Andes: Art and Ritual in Colonial Cuzco</i>. Miami Beach 1995.</li> <li>Dean, Carolyn. <i>Inka Bodies and the Body of Christ: Corpus Christi in Colonial Cuzco, Peru</i>. Durham: Duke University Press 1999.</li> <li>Kennedy, Alexandra, ed. <i>Arte de la Real Audiencia de Quito, siglos XVII-XIX</i>. Quito 2002.</li> <li>Museo del Arte de Lima. <i>Art in Peru: works from the Collection of the Museo de Arte de Lima</i>. Lima 2000.</li> <li>Navarro, José Gabriel. <i>El arte en la provincia de Quito</i>. Mexico City 1960.</li> <li>Palmer, Gabrielle G. <i>Sculpture in the Kingdom of Quito</i>. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press 1987.</li> <li>Urton, Gary. <i>Signs of the Inka Khipu</i>. Austin: University of Texas Press 2003.</li> <li>Wethey, Harold E. <i>Colonial Architecture and Sculpture in Peru</i>. Cambridge MA 1949.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Peruvian_artists" title="List of Peruvian artists">List of Peruvian artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_art" title="Latin American art">Latin American art</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://art.thewalters.org/detail/79394/textile-doll/">"Textile Doll"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Walters_Art_Museum" title="Walters Art Museum">Walters Art Museum</a> site</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Walters+Art+Museum+site&rft.atitle=Textile+Doll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fart.thewalters.org%2Fdetail%2F79394%2Ftextile-doll%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.waymarking.com/gallery/image.aspx?f=1&guid=d62e9b2b-050a-4c48-af5b-b94471997f4e">Fountain of the Main Square of Lima</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElena_PhippsJoanna_HechtCristina_Esteras_Martín2004" class="citation book cs1">Elena Phipps; Joanna Hecht; Cristina Esteras Martín (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A6nutjzmxvkC&q=historia+colonial+de+cusco&pg=PA382"><i>The Colonial Andes: Tapestries and Silverwork, 1530–1830</i></a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/030010491X" title="Special:BookSources/030010491X"><bdi>030010491X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Colonial+Andes%3A+Tapestries+and+Silverwork%2C+1530%E2%80%931830&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=030010491X&rft.au=Elena+Phipps&rft.au=Joanna+Hecht&rft.au=Cristina+Esteras+Mart%C3%ADn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA6nutjzmxvkC%26q%3Dhistoria%2Bcolonial%2Bde%2Bcusco%26pg%3DPA382&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantiago_Sebastián_López1990" class="citation book cs1">Santiago Sebastián López (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vpi5xwEACAAJ&q=SEBASTI%C3%81N+L%C3%93PEZ,+Santiago.+El+barroco+iberoamericano+1990"><i>El bárroco iberoamericano. Mensaje iconográfico</i></a>. Madrid: Ediciones Encuentro. p. 241. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788474902495" title="Special:BookSources/9788474902495"><bdi>9788474902495</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+b%C3%A1rroco+iberoamericano.+Mensaje+iconogr%C3%A1fico&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pages=241&rft.pub=Ediciones+Encuentro&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9788474902495&rft.au=Santiago+Sebasti%C3%A1n+L%C3%B3pez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVpi5xwEACAAJ%26q%3DSEBASTI%25C3%2581N%2BL%25C3%2593PEZ%2C%2BSantiago.%2BEl%2Bbarroco%2Biberoamericano%2B1990&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnanda_Cohen_Suarez2016" class="citation web cs1">Ananda Cohen Suarez (May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mavcor.yale.edu/conversations/collections/painting-beyond-frame-religious-murals-colonial-peru">"Painting Beyond the Frame: Religious Murals of Colonial Peru"</a>. MAVCOR of the <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Painting+Beyond+the+Frame%3A+Religious+Murals+of+Colonial+Peru&rft.pub=MAVCOR+of+the+Yale+University&rft.date=2016-05&rft.au=Ananda+Cohen+Suarez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmavcor.yale.edu%2Fconversations%2Fcollections%2Fpainting-beyond-frame-religious-murals-colonial-peru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuffarden,_Luis_Eduardo2004" class="citation book cs1">Wuffarden, Luis Eduardo, García Bryce, José ; Majluf, Natalia ; Villacorta, Jorge ; Trivelli, Carlo (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.lhs.edu.pe/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=5842&shelfbrowse_itemnumber=5842"><i>Enciclopedia Temática del Perú. Arte y Arquitectura</i></a>. El Comercio. p. 132<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enciclopedia+Tem%C3%A1tica+del+Per%C3%BA.+Arte+y+Arquitectura&rft.pages=132&rft.pub=El+Comercio&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Wuffarden%2C+Luis+Eduardo&rft.aufirst=Garc%C3%ADa+Bryce%2C+Jos%C3%A9+%3B+Majluf%2C+Natalia+%3B+Villacorta%2C+Jorge+%3B+Trivelli%2C+Carlo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.lhs.edu.pe%2Fcgi-bin%2Fkoha%2Fopac-detail.pl%3Fbiblionumber%3D5842%26shelfbrowse_itemnumber%3D5842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuffarden,_Luis_Eduardo2004" class="citation book cs1">Wuffarden, Luis Eduardo, García Bryce, José ; Majluf, Natalia ; Villacorta, Jorge ; Trivelli, Carlo (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.lhs.edu.pe/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=5842"><i>Enciclopedia Temática del Perú. Arte y Arquitectura</i></a> (2004 ed.). El Comercio. p. 170<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enciclopedia+Tem%C3%A1tica+del+Per%C3%BA.+Arte+y+Arquitectura&rft.pages=170&rft.edition=2004&rft.pub=El+Comercio&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Wuffarden%2C+Luis+Eduardo&rft.aufirst=Garc%C3%ADa+Bryce%2C+Jos%C3%A9+%3B+Majluf%2C+Natalia+%3B+Villacorta%2C+Jorge+%3B+Trivelli%2C+Carlo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.lhs.edu.pe%2Fcgi-bin%2Fkoha%2Fopac-detail.pl%3Fbiblionumber%3D5842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuffarden,_Luis_Eduardo_;_García_Bryce,_José_;_Majluf,_Natalia_;_Villacorta,_Jorge2004" class="citation book cs1">Wuffarden, Luis Eduardo ; García Bryce, José ; Majluf, Natalia ; Villacorta, Jorge, Trivelli, Carlo. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.lhs.edu.pe/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=5842"><i>Enciclopedia Temática del Perú. Arte y Arquitectura</i></a> (2004 ed.). El Comercio. p. 165<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enciclopedia+Tem%C3%A1tica+del+Per%C3%BA.+Arte+y+Arquitectura&rft.pages=165&rft.edition=2004&rft.pub=El+Comercio&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Wuffarden%2C+Luis+Eduardo+%3B+Garc%C3%ADa+Bryce%2C+Jos%C3%A9+%3B+Majluf%2C+Natalia+%3B+Villacorta%2C+Jorge&rft.aufirst=Trivelli%2C+Carlo.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.lhs.edu.pe%2Fcgi-bin%2Fkoha%2Fopac-detail.pl%3Fbiblionumber%3D5842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrivelli,_Carlo.2004" class="citation book cs1">Trivelli, Carlo., Wuffarden, Luis Eduardo ; García Bryce, José ; Majluf, Natalia ; Villacorta, Jorge (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.lhs.edu.pe/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=5842"><i>Enciclopedia Temática del Perú. Arte y Arquitectura</i></a> (2004 ed.). El Comercio. p. 171<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enciclopedia+Tem%C3%A1tica+del+Per%C3%BA.+Arte+y+Arquitectura&rft.pages=171&rft.edition=2004&rft.pub=El+Comercio&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Trivelli%2C+Carlo.&rft.aufirst=Wuffarden%2C+Luis+Eduardo+%3B+Garc%C3%ADa+Bryce%2C+Jos%C3%A9+%3B+Majluf%2C+Natalia+%3B+Villacorta%2C+Jorge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.lhs.edu.pe%2Fcgi-bin%2Fkoha%2Fopac-detail.pl%3Fbiblionumber%3D5842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuffarden,_Luis_Eduardo_;_García_Bryce,_José_;_Majluf,_Natalia_;_Villacorta,_Jorge2004" class="citation book cs1">Wuffarden, Luis Eduardo ; García Bryce, José ; Majluf, Natalia ; Villacorta, Jorge, Trivelli, Carlo (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.lhs.edu.pe/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=5842"><i>Enciclopedia Temática del Perú. Arte y Arquitectura</i></a> (2004 ed.). El comercio. p. 182<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enciclopedia+Tem%C3%A1tica+del+Per%C3%BA.+Arte+y+Arquitectura&rft.pages=182&rft.edition=2004&rft.pub=El+comercio&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Wuffarden%2C+Luis+Eduardo+%3B+Garc%C3%ADa+Bryce%2C+Jos%C3%A9+%3B+Majluf%2C+Natalia+%3B+Villacorta%2C+Jorge&rft.aufirst=Trivelli%2C+Carlo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.lhs.edu.pe%2Fcgi-bin%2Fkoha%2Fopac-detail.pl%3Fbiblionumber%3D5842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuffarden,_Luis_Eduardo_;_García_Bryce,_José_;_Majluf,_Natalia_;_Villacorta,_Jorge2004" class="citation book cs1">Wuffarden, Luis Eduardo ; García Bryce, José ; Majluf, Natalia ; Villacorta, Jorge, Trivelli, Carlo. (2004). <i>Enciclopedia Temática del Perú. Arte y Arquitectura</i> (2004 ed.). El Comercio. p. 182.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enciclopedia+Tem%C3%A1tica+del+Per%C3%BA.+Arte+y+Arquitectura&rft.pages=182&rft.edition=2004&rft.pub=El+Comercio&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Wuffarden%2C+Luis+Eduardo+%3B+Garc%C3%ADa+Bryce%2C+Jos%C3%A9+%3B+Majluf%2C+Natalia+%3B+Villacorta%2C+Jorge&rft.aufirst=Trivelli%2C+Carlo.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLopez2014" class="citation web cs1">Lopez, Miguel (2014-07-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.guggenheim.org/es/map_es/museo-musexo-mutexto-mutante-la-maquina-travesti-de-giuseppe-campuzano-2/">"Museo, musexo, mutexto, mutante: la máquina travesti de Giuseppe Campuzano"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museo%2C+musexo%2C+mutexto%2C+mutante%3A+la+m%C3%A1quina+travesti+de+Giuseppe+Campuzano&rft.date=2014-07-09&rft.aulast=Lopez&rft.aufirst=Miguel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.guggenheim.org%2Fes%2Fmap_es%2Fmuseo-musexo-mutexto-mutante-la-maquina-travesti-de-giuseppe-campuzano-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cotlear.com/History.htm">"Chulucanas Potery [sic] History."</a> <i>Ceramica Chulucanas.</i> (retrieved 15 Nov 2011)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://centroqosqodeartenativo.com/es/nosotros/">"Nosotros"</a>. <i>Centro Qosqo De Arte Nativo</i> (in Spanish). Centro Qosqo De Arte Nativo.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Centro+Qosqo+De+Arte+Nativo&rft.atitle=Nosotros&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcentroqosqodeartenativo.com%2Fes%2Fnosotros%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendoza2006" class="citation book cs1">Mendoza, Zoila S. (2006). <i>Crear y sentir lo nuestro: folclor, identidad regional y nacional en el Cuzco, siglo XX</i>. Lima: Fondo editorial de la Pontificia universidad católica del Perú. p. 99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9972-42-770-6" title="Special:BookSources/9972-42-770-6"><bdi>9972-42-770-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crear+y+sentir+lo+nuestro%3A+folclor%2C+identidad+regional+y+nacional+en+el+Cuzco%2C+siglo+XX&rft.place=Lima&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=Fondo+editorial+de+la+Pontificia+universidad+cat%C3%B3lica+del+Per%C3%BA&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9972-42-770-6&rft.aulast=Mendoza&rft.aufirst=Zoila+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeruvian+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_art&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/35107"><i>Ancient Peruvian ceramics: the Nathan Cummings collection by Alan R. Sawyer</i></a>, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Peruvian art</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="South_American_art" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:South_American_topic" 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