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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi" title="Martín Chambi – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Martín Chambi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi" title="Martín Chambi – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Martín Chambi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi" title="Martín Chambi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Martín Chambi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi" title="Martín Chambi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Martín Chambi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%89" title="مارتين تشامبى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مارتين تشامبى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi" title="Martín Chambi – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Martín Chambi" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Peruvian photographer</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Chambi</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Jiménez</i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Martín Chambi Jiménez</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Retrato_de_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi,_1956.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Retrato_de_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi%2C_1956.jpg/220px-Retrato_de_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi%2C_1956.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Retrato_de_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi%2C_1956.jpg/330px-Retrato_de_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi%2C_1956.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Retrato_de_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi%2C_1956.jpg/440px-Retrato_de_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi%2C_1956.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1164" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Self-portrait of Chambi, 1956</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1891-11-05</span>)</span>November 5, 1891<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Coaza, <a href="/wiki/Puno" title="Puno">Puno</a>, Peru</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">September 13, 1974<span style="display:none">(1974-09-13)</span> (aged 82)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Cuzco" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuzco">Cuzco</a>, Peru</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">photography</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Martín Chambi Jiménez</b> (November 5, 1891 – September 13, 1973) was a Peruvian photographer, originally from <a href="/wiki/Puno" title="Puno">Puno</a>, in southern Peru. He was one of the first major Indigenous Latin American photographers. </p><p>Recognized for the profound historic and ethnic documentary value of his photographs, he was a prolific portrait photographer in the towns and countryside of the Peruvian <a href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</a>. As well as being the leading portrait photographer in <a href="/wiki/Cusco" title="Cusco">Cuzco</a>, Chambi made many landscape photographs, which he sold mainly in the form of <a href="/wiki/Postcard" title="Postcard">postcards</a>, a format he pioneered in Peru.<sup id="cite_ref-v1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-v1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1979, New York's <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a> held a Chambi retrospective, which later traveled to various locations and inspired other international expositions of his work. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beginnings_as_a_photographer">Beginnings as a photographer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Beginnings as a photographer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Main_cloister_of_the_Basilica_of_La_Merced,_Cusco,_Peru,_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Main_cloister_of_the_Basilica_of_La_Merced%2C_Cusco%2C_Peru%2C_1920.jpg/220px-Main_cloister_of_the_Basilica_of_La_Merced%2C_Cusco%2C_Peru%2C_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Main_cloister_of_the_Basilica_of_La_Merced%2C_Cusco%2C_Peru%2C_1920.jpg/330px-Main_cloister_of_the_Basilica_of_La_Merced%2C_Cusco%2C_Peru%2C_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Main_cloister_of_the_Basilica_of_La_Merced%2C_Cusco%2C_Peru%2C_1920.jpg/440px-Main_cloister_of_the_Basilica_of_La_Merced%2C_Cusco%2C_Peru%2C_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="728" /></a><figcaption>Main cloister of the Basilica of La Merced, Cusco, Peru, photograph by Martín Chambi, 1920</figcaption></figure> <p>Martín Chambi was born into a <a href="/wiki/Quechua_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Quechua languages">Quechua</a>-speaking peasant family in <a href="/wiki/Puno" title="Puno">Puno</a>, one of the poorest regions of Peru, on November 5, 1891. When his father went to work in a <a href="/wiki/Carabaya_Province" title="Carabaya Province">Carabaya Province</a> gold mine on a small tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Inambari_River" title="Inambari River">Inambari River</a>, Martin went along. </p><p>There he had his first contact with photography, learning the rudiments from the photographer of the Santo Domingo Mine near Coaza (owned by the Inca Mining Company of Bradford, Pennsylvania). This chance encounter planted the spark that made him seek to support himself as a professional photographer. With that idea in mind, he headed in 1908 to the city of <a href="/wiki/Arequipa" title="Arequipa">Arequipa</a>, where photography was more developed and where there were established photographers who had taken the time to develop individual photographic styles and impeccable technique. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Photographic_career">Photographic career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Photographic career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cartel_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Cartel_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi.jpg/160px-Cartel_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Cartel_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi.jpg/240px-Cartel_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Cartel_Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Plaque indicating the former studio home of Martin Chambi in the city of Cusco.</figcaption></figure> <p>Chambi began his work as a photographer as an apprentice to Max T. Vargas (the father of <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Vargas" title="Alberto Vargas">Alberto Vargas</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Arequipa" title="Arequipa">Arequipa</a>, Peru.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time as an apprentice, Chambi learned different ways of manipulating light for portraits in the studio.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His daughter, Julia Chambi, is quoted as saying, "my father was enchanted by light."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His studio in <a href="/wiki/Cusco" title="Cusco">Cuzco</a> included a set of blinds and shutters made specifically so that he could alter the natural lighting to best suit his photographs.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of Chambi's photos of Indigenous people were taken outside so that he could use only natural lighting.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After nine years set up his own studio in Sicuani in 1917, publishing his first postcards in November of that year. In 1923 he moved to Cuzco and opened a studio there, photographing both society figures and his Indigenous compatriots. During his career, Chambi also traveled the Andes extensively, photographing landscapes, Inca ruins, and local people.<sup id="cite_ref-v1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-v1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chambi traveled to Chile to exhibit some of his artworks, and used his artistic skills to allow the audience to understand how the photographer prioritized the Indigenous outcome that relates to the <a href="/wiki/Peruvians" title="Peruvians">Peruvians</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chileans" title="Chileans">Chileans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chambi produced a variety of works over his career as a photographer.In his studio, he took many portraits of wealthy and elite members of society as well as the Indigenous people. He also shot many self-portraits. Chambi is well-known for his work in documenting the Indigenous culture, including <a href="/wiki/Machu_Picchu" title="Machu Picchu">Machu Picchu</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Prehispanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehispanic">prehispanic</a> ruins. In a magazine interview in 1936, he is quoted saying "in my archive I have more than two hundred photographs of diverse aspects of the <a href="/wiki/Quechua_people" title="Quechua people">Quechua</a> culture."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He took pictures of ruins and architecture, but also tried to capture the events of everyday life. Addressing Chambi's diverse work, Jorge Heredia said, "He has been the photographer of whites who seek after his images, but also of <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mestizos" class="mw-redirect" title="Mestizos">Mestizos</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to taking photographs for individual commissions or for his own personal interests, Chambi also used his photographs in other publications. One such publication was the use of his photographs in postcards.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His photographs frequently appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/La_Naci%C3%B3n" title="La Nación">La Nación</a></i> ("The Nation"), an Argentine weekly newspaper. They published his photographs of artists, writers, and any other assignments he was commissioned to do.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Critical_response">Critical response</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Critical response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"It is wrong to focus too much on the testimonial value of his photos. They have that, indeed, but, in equal measure they express the milieu in which he lived and they show (...) that when he got behind a camera, he became a giant, a true inventor, a veritable force of invention, a recreator of life." </p> <dl><dd>- <a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tribute">Tribute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Tribute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On November 5, 2020, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> celebrated his 129th birthday with a <a href="/wiki/Google_Doodle" title="Google Doodle">Google Doodle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chronology">Chronology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chronology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1891L Born in Coaza, <a href="/wiki/Puno" title="Puno">Puno</a> (Peru) to a Quechua-speaking Indigenous family.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1905: Father dies. Travels to the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Inambari_River" title="Inambari River">Inambari</a> to work in the gold mines, meets photographers working at the Santo Domingo Mine owned by the Inca Mining Co.</li> <li>1908: Apprentice in the photographic studio of Max T. Vargas, in <a href="/wiki/Arequipa" title="Arequipa">Arequipa</a>.</li> <li>1917: Opens his first photographic studio in <a href="/wiki/Sicuani" title="Sicuani">Sicuani</a>, Cusco.</li> <li>1920: Establishes himself in the city of <a href="/wiki/Cusco" title="Cusco">Cusco</a>, photographing in the "painterly" style he learned in Arequipa.</li> <li>1927: Beginning of his mature photographic style</li> <li>1936: Travel to Chile to exhibit his work, and how the Chileans and the Peruvians became different from each other.</li> <li>1938: Opens studio gallery</li> <li>1950: Cusco earthquake. End of the "<a href="/wiki/Cusco_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Cusco School">Cusco School</a>". After this, he gradually ceases to work actively as a photographer.</li> <li>1958: Exposition in his honor on the occasion of 50 years of his career as a photographer.</li> <li>1964: Chambi Exposition en Mexico ("Primera Convención de la Federación Internacional de Arte Fotográfico")</li> <li>1973: Chambi dies in Cusco, in his old studio on Calle Marqués.</li> <li>1976: Documentary, <i>El arte fotográfico de Martín Chambi</i>, by José Carlos Huayhuaca.</li> <li>1977: First work in cataloging and restoring Chambi's photographic archives, financed by the <a href="/wiki/Earthwatch_Institute" title="Earthwatch Institute">Earthwatch Institute</a> (<a href="/wiki/Belmont,_Massachusetts" title="Belmont, Massachusetts">Belmont, Massachusetts</a>) marks the beginning of international recognition of his work.</li> <li>1979: Retrospective exposition at <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a> in New York City.</li> <li>1981: Latin American photography exhibit in <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>.</li> <li>1986: BBC Arena film "<i>Martin Chambi and The Heirs of the Incas</i>" distributed on television worldwide.</li> <li>1990: Exposition dedicated to Chambi at the Círculo de Bellas Artes in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>. Book of his work published to coincide with exhibition.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hopkinson, Amanda. <i>Martín Chambi</i>. Phaidon Press 2001.</li> <li>Peden, Margaret Sayers. <i>Martín Chambi, Photographs 1920–1950</i>. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56098-244-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-56098-244-6">1-56098-244-6</a> (originally published in Spain by Lunwerg Editores, 1990</li> <li><i>Martín Chambi and the Heirs of the Incas</i>. A documentary film by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Yule_(photojournalist)" title="Paul Yule (photojournalist)">Paul Yule</a> and Andy Harries, originally made for the BBC in 1986.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-v1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-v1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-v1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Martín Chambi, Photographs 1920–1950</i>, pp. 16-18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Coronado, 141</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hopkinson, 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomson, 91</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomson, 92</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hopkinson, 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrow2019" class="citation journal cs1">Crow, Joanna (February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022216X18000342/type/journal_article">"Photographic Encounters: Martín Chambi, Indigeneity and Chile–Peru Relations in the Early Twentieth Century"</a>. <i>Journal of Latin American Studies</i>. <b>51</b> (1): 31–58. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0022216X18000342">10.1017/S0022216X18000342</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1983%2Fb5fc053f-aa8e-430f-9be6-5593c328f559">1983/b5fc053f-aa8e-430f-9be6-5593c328f559</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-216X">0022-216X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Latin+American+Studies&rft.atitle=Photographic+Encounters%3A+Mart%C3%ADn+Chambi%2C+Indigeneity+and+Chile%E2%80%93Peru+Relations+in+the+Early+Twentieth+Century&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=31-58&rft.date=2019-02&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1983%2Fb5fc053f-aa8e-430f-9be6-5593c328f559&rft.issn=0022-216X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0022216X18000342&rft.aulast=Crow&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fproduct%2Fidentifier%2FS0022216X18000342%2Ftype%2Fjournal_article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMart%C3%ADn+Chambi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomson, 88</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Serpost</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hopkinson, 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doodles.google/doodle/martin-chambis-129th-birthday/">"Martín Chambi's 129th Birthday"</a>. <i>Google</i>. November 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google&rft.atitle=Mart%C3%ADn+Chambi%27s+129th+Birthday&rft.date=2020-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoodles.google%2Fdoodle%2Fmartin-chambis-129th-birthday%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMart%C3%ADn+Chambi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHulleah_Tsinhnahjinnie,_Veronica_Passalacqua2007" class="citation book cs1">Hulleah Tsinhnahjinnie, Veronica Passalacqua (2007). <i>Our People, Our Land, Our Images: International Indigenous Photographers</i>. <a href="/wiki/Heyday_Books" title="Heyday Books">Heyday Books</a>. p. 71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59714-057-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-59714-057-0"><bdi>1-59714-057-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Our+People%2C+Our+Land%2C+Our+Images%3A+International+Indigenous+Photographers&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Heyday+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=1-59714-057-0&rft.au=Hulleah+Tsinhnahjinnie%2C+Veronica+Passalacqua&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMart%C3%ADn+Chambi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Martín Chambi">Martín Chambi</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Coronado, Jorge. "Photographs at the Edge: Martín Chambi and the Limits of Lettered Culture” <i>The Andes Imagined</i>. Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh Press, 2009. 134–162. Print.</li> <li>Hopkinson, Amanda. <i>Martin Chambi</i>. London: Phaidon Press Limited, 2001. 3–15. Print.</li> <li>Martín Chambi Jiménez. N.p.:n.p., n.d. Serpost. 2011. Web. <<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.serpost.com.pe/images/filatelia/boletines2011/1001693.pdf">http://www.serpost.com.pe/images/filatelia/boletines2011/1001693.pdf</a>> (in Spanish)</li> <li>Thomson, Hugh. “Machu Picchu and Its Bones.” <i>The White Rock: An Exploration of the Inca Heartland</i>. New York: Overlook Press, 2003. 87–94. Print.</li> <li>The <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi" class="extiw" title="es:Martín Chambi">Spanish-language Wikipedia article</a> from which this is translated credits the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enciclopedia.us.es">Enciclopedia Libre en Español</a> for the article.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Chambi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210417175503/http://martinchambi.org/es/">Official Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715055433/http://www.paulyule.com/filmography.html">Martín Chambi and the Heirs of the Incas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://losgrandesfotografos.blogspot.com.uy/2017/01/martin-chambi-1891-1973.html">Martin Chambi works in Los Grandes Fotografos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/1063">Artikel at MoMA on the exhibition from Martin Chambi</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288159#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288159#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000108558373">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/22199774">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/157523/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJB4cCRXXDgdFV8RtpHt8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11932704X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85237064">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122624687">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122624687">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Chambi, Martín <1891-1973>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/BVEV048356">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35780326">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX941997">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p158394658">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/3057322">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000157300">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007436483305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981061020466806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA10107361?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500037196">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/388955">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/1c41bb17-64bb-4082-a26b-8c63ba1eaf5e">KulturNav</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/1063">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/ressources/repertoire-artistes-personnalites/50697">Musée d'Orsay</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/19404">Photographers' Identities</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1083961">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/031439063">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6vh7s55">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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