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color: black; background-color: tan;">Grenadian Creole</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: tan;"><i>Patwa LaGwinad</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Native to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native speakers</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">2,300 (2004)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/French-based_creole_languages" title="French-based creole languages">French Creole</a> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/Antillean_Creole" title="Antillean Creole">Antillean Creole</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Grenadian Creole</b></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: tan;">Official status</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Official language in</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: tan;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">–</td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Grenadian Creole</b> is a variety of <a href="/wiki/Antillean_Creole" title="Antillean Creole">Antillean Creole</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Grenada and among Grenadians, it is referred to as <a href="/wiki/Patois" title="Patois">patois</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenadian_Creole_French&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following several unsuccessful attempts by Europeans to colonise the island due to resistance from resident Island <a href="/wiki/Kalinago" title="Kalinago">Caribs</a>, French settlement and colonisation began in 1649 and continued for the next century. On 10 February 1763, Grenada was ceded to the British under the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris</a>. British rule continued until 1974 (except for a brief French takeover between 1779 and 1783). In 1921, a census of Grenada reported that the language was "slowly dying out" and was "only spoken among a small number of the adult population of the rural districts".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today most of the population speaks <a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_English" title="Grenadian Creole English">Grenadian Creole English</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sample_Words_and_Expressions">Sample Words and Expressions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenadian_Creole_French&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sample Words and Expressions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>bebé</b> [French 'bébé']: A foolish person. Literally, 'baby'.<sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>bondjé</b> [French 'bon Dieu']: 'Good God!'<sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>disabill</b> [French 'dishabile']: Sloppy or run-down.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>dou-dou</b> [French 'doux']: Darling or Sweetheart. A term of endearment.<sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>djoukoutou</b> [French 'jusqu'à vous']: <i>"Even someone as unimportant as you,"</i> used derisively. <i>e.g.</i>, <i>"Djoukoutou Freddy and all going to that party."</i><sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>flambo</b> [French 'flambeau']: A blazing torch made with wood, fabric, and kerosene.<sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>fet</b> [French 'fête']: A party<sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>galé</b> [French 'galeux']: Pejorative description of someone with a scabby rash or itchy skin disease. e.g. "Look at his arms--they galé!"<sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>ladjabless</b> [French '<a href="/wiki/La_Diablesse" title="La Diablesse">La Diablesse</a>']: A devil woman from Caribbean folklore.<sup id="cite_ref-mk_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mk-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>lougarou</b> [French '<a href="/wiki/Loup_garou" class="mw-redirect" title="Loup garou">loup-garou</a>']: A werewolf.</li> <li><b>shado beni</b> [French 'chardon béni']: <a href="/wiki/Eryngium_foetidum" title="Eryngium foetidum">Eryngium foetidum</a>, an herb used for cooking. Also known as recao or Mexican coriander.</li> <li><b>soungoo</b> [French 'sans goût']: a description of a person who is dispirited or lacking energy, <i>e.g. "Why Jenny so soungoo?</i> <sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>takté</b> [French 'tacheté']: Spotted or speckled skin, referring to either people or fruit.<sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>tébé</b> [French 'débat']: Strife and conflict between persons, spawned by gossiping.<sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>too-tool-bay</b> [French 'totalement bête']: the state of being dazed and confused, as when "head over heels" in love, <i>e.g. "Mary turned Desmond too-tool-bay."</i> <sup id="cite_ref-mk_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mk-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>toot bagay</b> [French 'tout bagage']: any and everything, <i>e.g. "He pack up his house, toot bagay, and move to Sautiers."</i><sup id="cite_ref-mwen_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>zagada</b> [French 'lézard']: <a href="/wiki/Ameiva_ameiva" title="Ameiva ameiva">Ameiva ameiva</a>, a ground lizard found in Grenada, South America, and other Caribbean islands.<sup id="cite_ref-pc_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pc-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Anmwé! Kay mwen pwi difé!</b> - Help! My house on fire!</li> <li><b>Ba boulé La Gwouyav.</b> - Don't burn down Gouyave.</li> <li><b>Ba di mwen sa.</b> - Don't tell me that.</li> <li><b>Ba li yon koul pyé!</b> - Give him a kick!</li> <li><b>Bagay la sé sla'w</b>. - The thing is yours.</li> <li><b>Ban mwen piti tak dlo pou mon bwè.</b> - Give me a little bit of water for me to drink.</li> <li><b>Bondjé senyè!</b> - God lord!</li> <li><b>Chantwèl sala sòti Gran Pouvwa.</b> - This singer is from Victoria.</li> <li><b>Denmen sé Vandwèdi.</b> - Tomorrow is Friday.</li> <li><b>Di yé mon wivé.</b> - Tell them I arrive.</li> <li><b>Dimanch pwochenn nou ké alé légliz.</b> - Next Sunday we will go to church.</li> <li><b>Éti ou ka alé?</b> - Where you going?</li> <li><b>Fanm la ka hélé.</b> - The woman screaming.</li> <li><b>Fi-a yé malévé kon manman yé.</b> - The girl them rude as their mother.</li> <li><b>Gadé mizè mwen.</b> - Look at my misery.</li> <li><b>Gwan fwè mwen té ka lwé yon lakay nan Labé avan I alé L'anglité.</b> - My elder brother was renting a house in Grenville before he went to England.</li> <li><b>I ba konn palé patwa.</b> - He cannot speak patois.</li> <li><b>I b'oko wivé.</b> - She has not arrived as yet.</li> <li><b>I ka fè cho.</b> - It making hot.</li> <li><b>Ich mwen apwann anglé nan lékòl.</b> - My child learnt English in school.</li> <li><b>Jenn fi-a yé pwan kouwi.</b> - The young girl them start to run.</li> <li><b>Jida yé ba vlé wè mwen.</b> - Hypocrite them don't want to see me.</li> <li><b>Jézi mò l'asou lakwa pou péché nou. -</b> Jesus die on the cross for our sins.</li> <li><b>Ki moun sa?</b> - Who is that?</li> <li><b>Kouman ou yé?</b> - How are you?</li> <li><b>Konpè Lapen épi Konpè Zayen sé bon kanmawad.</b> Compere Rabbit and Compere Spider (Anansi) are good friends.</li> <li><b>Kon sa mon touvé'y, kon sa mon ba'w.</b> - Like that I found it, like that I give you.</li> <li><b>La Gwinad mon lévé.</b> - Grenada I grow up.</li> <li><b>Lapli ka vini!</b> - Rain coming!</li> <li><b>Lè mon té on piti gason. Mon té ka jwé jwèt nan lawi-a.</b> - When I was a little boy. I used to play games in the street.</li> <li><b>Lougarou épi Soukouyan ka volé nan nwit.</b> - Lougaroo and Soucouyan flying in the night.</li> <li><b>Mama Maladi sé on denmou</b>. - Mama Maladi is a demon.</li> <li><b>Mété sèl ladan'y.</b> - Put salt inside it.</li> <li><b>Mété enpé sik adidan'y ban mwen.</b> - Put a little bit of sugar in it for me.</li> <li><b>Mon konn palé enpé Panyòl.</b> - I can speak a little bit of Spanish.</li> <li><b>Mon ka wété Lapèl.</b> - I'm residing in Pearls.</li> <li><b>Mouché Pierre épi fanm li dégouté fanmi mwen.</b> - Mister Pierre and his woman dislike my family.</li> <li><b>Moun Pawadi pè'y pas I sé on moro.</b> - Paradise (village) people fear him because he is a "badman".</li> <li><b>Nonk mwen alé Twinité lanné pasé</b> - My uncle went to Trinidad last year.</li> <li><b>Nonm sa yé sòti Babad.</b> - This man them come from Barbados.</li> <li><b>Nou ba sa tann ou!</b> - We can't hear you!</li> <li><b>Nennenn mwen di mwen sa.</b> - My Godmother told me that.</li> <li><b>Ou vòlò pasé mwen.</b> - You thief more than me.</li> <li><b>Ou sé on Salòpri.</b> - You're a filthy bastard.</li> <li><b>Parenn mon ja mouri.</b> - My Godfather is already dead.</li> <li><b>Papa li sété on béké épi manman li sété on nègess.</b> - Her father was a white man and her mother was a negro.</li> <li><b>Patwa sé lanng nou.</b> - Patois is our language (tongue).</li> <li><b>Pouki I vlé mayé salopri sala?</b> - Why she want to marry this crook.</li> <li><b>Sa ba vwé.</b> - That not true.</li> <li><b>Sa ki fè'w?</b> - What do you?</li> <li><b>Sa ki non'w?</b> - What's your name?</li> <li><b>Sa ki tann palé lòt.</b> - He who hear tell the other.</li> <li><b>Sa sa yé?</b> - What that is?</li> <li><b>Sé menm bagay</b>. - Is the same thing.</li> <li><b>Sla'w sé sla'w!</b> - Yours is yours!</li> <li><b>Tonnè ka woulé.</b> Thunder rolling.</li> <li><b>Toulé jou..nou ni pou alé nan la'ivyè pou benyen</b>. -Everyday we have to go the river to bathe.</li> <li><b>Tout moun konnen sa.</b> - Everybody know that.</li> <li><b>Wen mwen ka fè mwen mal.</b> - My waist is hurting me.</li> <li><b>Vini isi-a.</b> - Come here.</li> <li><b>Yé vini wè mwen.</b> - They come to see me.</li> <li><b>Yé vlé tchouyé mwen.</b> - They want to kill me.</li> <li><b>Yé kiyé'w piten pas ou ka pran nonm mayé.</b> - They call you a whore because you are sleeping with married men.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenadian_Creole_French&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/acf/">Saint Lucian Creole (Grenada)</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i> (18th ed., 2015) <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=acf">Ethnologue report for language code:acf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHolm1988" class="citation book cs1">Holm, John A. (1988). <i>Pidgins and Creoles: Volume 2, Reference Survey</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 376. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521359406" title="Special:BookSources/0521359406"><bdi>0521359406</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pidgins+and+Creoles%3A+Volume+2%2C+Reference+Survey&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=376&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0521359406&rft.aulast=Holm&rft.aufirst=John+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenadian+Creole+French" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mwen-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mwen_4-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLa_Grenade-Lashley2016" class="citation book cs1">La Grenade-Lashley, Marise (April 15, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aventinepress.com/mwen-ka-ale/"><i>Mwen Ka Alé: The French-lexicon Creole of Grenada: History, Language and Culture</i></a>. Aventine Press. p. 154. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1593309039" title="Special:BookSources/978-1593309039"><bdi>978-1593309039</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mwen+Ka+Al%C3%A9%3A+The+French-lexicon+Creole+of+Grenada%3A+History%2C+Language+and+Culture&rft.pages=154&rft.pub=Aventine+Press&rft.date=2016-04-15&rft.isbn=978-1593309039&rft.aulast=La+Grenade-Lashley&rft.aufirst=Marise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aventinepress.com%2Fmwen-ka-ale%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenadian+Creole+French" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nowgrenada.com/2017/03/private-residents-view-grenadian-rex-vs-government-grenada/">"A (Very) Private Resident's View of The Grenadian by Rex vs. Government of Grenada"</a>. <i>nowgrenada.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nowgrenada.com&rft.atitle=A+%28Very%29+Private+Resident%27s+View+of+The+Grenadian+by+Rex+vs.+Government+of+Grenada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nowgrenada.com%2F2017%2F03%2Fprivate-residents-view-grenadian-rex-vs-government-grenada%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenadian+Creole+French" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mk-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mk_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mk_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHughes" class="citation web cs1">Hughes, Alister. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.montraykreyol.org/article/influences-of-french-creole-on-the-grenadian-language">"The Influences of French Creole on the Grenadian "Language"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Montray Kréyol</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Montray+Kr%C3%A9yol&rft.atitle=The+Influences+of+French+Creole+on+the+Grenadian+%22Language%22&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Alister&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.montraykreyol.org%2Farticle%2Finfluences-of-french-creole-on-the-grenadian-language&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenadian+Creole+French" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pc-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pc_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrask2009" class="citation book cs1">Crask, Paul (March 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Gs4ntEW202sC&dq=zagada+grenada&pg=PA27"><i>Grenada, Carriacou & Petite Martinique</i></a> (First ed.). Bradt Travel Guides. p. 27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1841622743" title="Special:BookSources/978-1841622743"><bdi>978-1841622743</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grenada%2C+Carriacou+%26+Petite+Martinique&rft.pages=27&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Bradt+Travel+Guides&rft.date=2009-03-17&rft.isbn=978-1841622743&rft.aulast=Crask&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGs4ntEW202sC%26dq%3Dzagada%2Bgrenada%26pg%3DPA27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenadian+Creole+French" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenadian_Creole_French&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Marguerite-Joan Joseph, <i>Lingering Effects of an Ancient Afro-Romance Language on Common Speech in the Caribbean Island of Grenada </i> (2012)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenadian_Creole_French&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EleqaCrO1Us">Youtube: Palé Patwa LaGwinad! (Speak Patois Grenada!)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:French_creoles" title="Template:French creoles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:French_creoles" title="Template talk:French creoles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:French_creoles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:French creoles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="French-based_creole_languages_and_pidgins_by_continent" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/French-based_creole_languages" title="French-based creole languages">French-based creole languages</a> and pidgins by continent</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burundi_Pidgin_French" title="Burundi Pidgin French">Burundi Pidgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nouchi">Nouchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Lingua_Franca" title="Mediterranean Lingua Franca">Petit Mauresque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais_Tirailleur" title="Français Tirailleur">Petit nègre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antillean_Creole" title="Antillean Creole">Antillean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Creole_French" title="Dominican Creole French">Dominican</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe_Creole" class="mw-redirect" title="Guadeloupe Creole">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinican_Creole" class="mw-redirect" title="Martinican Creole">Martinican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucian_Creole" title="Saint Lucian Creole">Saint Lucian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Creole" title="Haitian Creole">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Creole" title="Louisiana Creole">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guianese_Creole" title="French Guianese Creole">Guianese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karip%C3%BAna_French_Creole_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Karipúna French Creole language">Karipúna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lanc-Patu%C3%A1_creole" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanc-Patuá creole">Lanc-Patuá</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michif" title="Michif">Michif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrador_Inuit_Pidgin_French" title="Labrador Inuit Pidgin French">Belle Isle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BB%93i_Pidgin_French" title="Tây Bồi Pidgin French">Tây Bồi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian Ocean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bourbonnais_Creole" title="Bourbonnais Creole">Bourbonnais</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agalega_creole" title="Agalega creole">Agalega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chagossian_creole" title="Chagossian creole">Chagossian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_Creole" title="Mauritian Creole">Mauritian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union_Creole" title="Réunion Creole">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodriguan_creole" title="Rodriguan creole">Rodriguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole" title="Seychellois Creole">Seychellois</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tayo_Creole" title="Tayo Creole">Tayo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gallo-Romance_languages_and_dialects" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gallo-Romance_languages_and_dialects" title="Template:Gallo-Romance languages and dialects"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gallo-Romance_languages_and_dialects" title="Template talk:Gallo-Romance languages and dialects"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gallo-Romance_languages_and_dialects" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gallo-Romance languages and dialects"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gallo-Romance_languages_and_dialects" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gallo-Romance_languages" title="Gallo-Romance languages">Gallo-Romance languages</a> and dialects</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Areal groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_French" title="Canadian French">Canadian French</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Langues_d%27o%C3%AFl" title="Langues d'oïl">Langues d'oïl</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antillean_Creole" title="Antillean Creole">Antillean Creole</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Creole_French" title="Dominican Creole French">Dominican</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucian_Creole" title="Saint Lucian Creole">Saint Lucian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bourbonnais_Creole" title="Bourbonnais Creole">Bourbonnais Creoles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agalega_creole" title="Agalega creole">Agalega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chagossian_creole" title="Chagossian creole">Chagossian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_Creole" title="Mauritian Creole">Mauritian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union_Creole" title="Réunion Creole">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodriguan_creole" title="Rodriguan creole">Rodriguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole" title="Seychellois Creole">Seychellois</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>*</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadian_French" title="Acadian French">Acadian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiac" title="Chiac">Chiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Marys_Bay_French" title="St. Marys Bay French">St. Marys Bay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_French" title="African French">African</a>* <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_French#Abidjan_French_vocabulary" title="African French">Abidjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_French#Kinshasa_French_vocabulary" title="African French">Kinshasa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aostan_French" title="Aostan French">Aostan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_French" title="Belgian French">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tis_French" title="Métis French">Métis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_French" title="New England French">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_French" title="Quebec French">Québécois</a>* <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joual" title="Joual">Joual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magoua" title="Magoua">Magoua</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language_in_Cambodia" title="French language in Cambodia">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francien_language" title="Francien language">Francien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frenchville_French" title="Frenchville French">Frenchville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_French" title="Haitian French">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houma_people#Modern_era" title="Houma people">Houma French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_people_in_India#Indian_French" title="French people in India">Indian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jersey_Legal_French" title="Jersey Legal French">Jersey Legal</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language_in_Laos" title="French language in Laos">Laotian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Middle_French" title="Middle French">Middle French</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meridional_French" title="Meridional French">Meridional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_of_France" title="French of France">Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_French" title="Missouri French">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskrat_French" title="Muskrat French">Muskrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_French" title="Newfoundland French">Newfoundland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontarian_French" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontarian French">Ontarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Barth%C3%A9lemy_French" title="Saint-Barthélemy French">Saint-Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_French" title="Standard French">Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_French" title="Swiss French">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language_in_Vietnam" title="French language in Vietnam">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Norman_language" title="Norman language">Norman</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Norman_language" title="Anglo-Norman language">Anglo-Norman</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augeron" title="Augeron">Augeron</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Auregnais" title="Auregnais">Auregnais</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauchois_dialect" title="Cauchois dialect">Cauchois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotentinais" title="Cotentinais">Cotentinais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guern%C3%A9siais" title="Guernésiais">Guernésiais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A8rriais" title="Jèrriais">Jèrriais</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Law_French" title="Law French">Law French</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Norman" title="Old Norman">Old Norman</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sercquiais" title="Sercquiais">Sercquiais</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angevin_dialect" title="Angevin dialect">Angevin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berrichon_dialect" title="Berrichon dialect">Berrichon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolze" title="Bolze">Bolze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbonnais_dialects" title="Bourbonnais dialects">Bourbonnais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgundian_language_(O%C3%AFl)" title="Burgundian language (Oïl)">Burgundian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi_Pidgin_French" title="Burundi Pidgin French">Burundi Pidgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camfranglais" title="Camfranglais">Camfranglais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champenois_language" title="Champenois language">Champenois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frainc-Comtou" title="Frainc-Comtou">Frainc-Comtou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallo_language" title="Gallo language">Gallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guianese_Creole" title="French Guianese Creole">Guianese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Creole" title="Haitian Creole">Haitian Creole</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karip%C3%BAna_French_Creole" title="Karipúna French Creole">Karipúna Creole</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Labrador_Inuit_Pidgin_French" title="Labrador Inuit Pidgin French">Labrador Inuit Pidgin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorrain_language" title="Lorrain language">Lorrain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welche" title="Welche">Welche</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Creole" title="Louisiana Creole">Louisiana Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_French" title="Louisiana French">Louisiana French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michif" title="Michif">Michif</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moselle_Romance" title="Moselle Romance">Moselle Romance</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nouchi">Nouchi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_French" title="Old French">Old French</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9anais_dialect" title="Orléanais dialect">Orléanais</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais_Tirailleur" title="Français Tirailleur">Petit nègre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picard_language" title="Picard language">Picard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poitevin-Saintongeais" class="mw-redirect" title="Poitevin-Saintongeais">Poitevin-Saintongeais</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poitevin_dialect" title="Poitevin dialect">Poitevin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saintongeais_dialect" title="Saintongeais dialect">Saintongeais</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayo_Creole" title="Tayo Creole">Tayo</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BB%93i_Pidgin_French" title="Tây Bồi Pidgin French">Tây Bồi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walloon_language" title="Walloon language">Walloon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Walloon" title="Wisconsin Walloon">Wisconsin Walloon</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zarphatic_language" title="Zarphatic language">Zarphatic</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Francoprovencalic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faetar_language" title="Faetar language">Faetar</a>/Faetar-Cigliàje</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Proven%C3%A7al" title="Franco-Provençal">Franco-Provençal</a>/Arpitan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Savoyard_dialect" title="Savoyard dialect">Savoyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vald%C3%B4tain_dialect" title="Valdôtain dialect">Valdôtain</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="/wiki/Language_death" title="Language death">extinct languages</a> or dialects</li> <li>A star (*) indicates <a href="/wiki/List_of_languages_by_number_of_native_speakers" title="List of languages by number of native speakers">varieties with more than 5 million speakers</a></li> <li>Languages between parentheses are <a href="/wiki/Variety_(linguistics)" title="Variety (linguistics)">varieties</a> of the language on their left.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grenadian_Creole_French&oldid=1247074410">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grenadian_Creole_French&oldid=1247074410</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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