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also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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class="mw-page-title-main">Mammalogy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="علم الثدييات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم الثدييات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammologiya" title="Mammologiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mammologiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF" title="ম্যামালজি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ম্যামালজি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Териология – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Териология" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Тэрыялогія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тэрыялогія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Тэрыялёгія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тэрыялёгія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Териология – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Териология" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalogija" title="Mamalogija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mamalogija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastologia" title="Mastologia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mastologia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogie" title="Mammalogie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mammalogie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamaleg" title="Mamaleg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mamaleg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastozoologi" title="Mastozoologi – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mastozoologi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogie" title="Mammalogie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mammalogie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terioloogia" title="Terioloogia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Terioloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastozoolog%C3%ADa" title="Mastozoología – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mastozoología" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuloscienco" title="Mamuloscienco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mamuloscienco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="پستاندارشناسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پستاندارشناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogie" title="Mammalogie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mammalogie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogy" title="Mammalogy – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mammalogy" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teriolox%C3%ADa" title="Terioloxía – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Terioloxía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%EC%9C%A0%EB%A5%98%ED%95%99" title="포유류학 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="포유류학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="स्तनिकी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्तनिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalogija" title="Mamalogija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mamalogija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalogi" title="Mamalogi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mamalogi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogia" title="Mammalogia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mammalogia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spend%C3%BDrafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Spendýrafræði – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Spendýrafræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammologia" title="Mammologia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mammologia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94" title="ממלוגיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ממלוגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="თერიოლოგია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თერიოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Териология – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Териология" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammaloj%C3%AE" title="Mammalojî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mammalojî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Териологи – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Териологи" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogia" title="Mammalogia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mammalogia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teriologija" title="Teriologija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Teriologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal%C3%B3gia" title="Mammalógia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mammalógia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="സസ്തനശാസ്ത്രം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സസ്തനശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalogi" title="Mamalogi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mamalogi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogie" title="Mammalogie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mammalogie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="哺乳類学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="哺乳類学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogi" title="Mammalogi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mammalogi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalogia" title="Mamalogia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mamalogia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teriologia" title="Teriologia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Teriologia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastozoologia" title="Mastozoologia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mastozoologia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalogie" title="Mamalogie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mamalogie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Териология – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Териология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogy" title="Mammalogy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mammalogy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teriol%C3%B3gia" title="Teriológia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Teriológia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="گواندارناسی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گواندارناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Мамалогија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мамалогија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogia" title="Mammalogia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mammalogia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalohiya" title="Mamalohiya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mamalohiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamolojia" title="Mamolojia – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Mamolojia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammaloji" title="Mammaloji – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mammaloji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li 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searchaux" style="display:none">Study of mammals</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siberischer_tiger_de_edit02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Siberischer_tiger_de_edit02.jpg/220px-Siberischer_tiger_de_edit02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Siberischer_tiger_de_edit02.jpg/330px-Siberischer_tiger_de_edit02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Siberischer_tiger_de_edit02.jpg/440px-Siberischer_tiger_de_edit02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Siberian_tiger" title="Siberian tiger">Siberian tiger</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Zoology" title="Zoology">zoology</a>, <b>mammalogy</b> is the study of <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammals</a> – a <a href="/wiki/Class_(biology)" title="Class (biology)">class</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">vertebrates</a> with characteristics such as <a href="/wiki/Homeothermy" title="Homeothermy">homeothermic</a> <a href="/wiki/Metabolism" title="Metabolism">metabolism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fur" title="Fur">fur</a>, four-chambered <a href="/wiki/Heart" title="Heart">hearts</a>, and complex <a href="/wiki/Nervous_system" title="Nervous system">nervous systems</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mammalogy has also been known as <b>mastology</b>, <b>theriology</b>, and <b>therology</b>. The archive of number of mammals on earth is constantly growing, but is currently set at 6,495 different mammal <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> including recently extinct.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are 5,416 living mammals identified on earth and roughly 1,251 have been newly discovered since 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The major branches of mammalogy include natural history, taxonomy and systematics, anatomy and physiology, ethology, ecology, and management and control.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The approximate salary of a mammalogist varies from $20,000 to $60,000 a year, depending on their experience. Mammalogists are typically involved in activities such as conducting research, managing personnel, and writing proposals.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mammalogy branches off into other taxonomically oriented disciplines such as <a href="/wiki/Primatology" title="Primatology">primatology</a> (study of <a href="/wiki/Primate" title="Primate">primates</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Cetology" title="Cetology">cetology</a> (study of <a href="/wiki/Cetacea" title="Cetacea">cetaceans</a>). Like other studies, mammalogy is also a part of zoology which is also a part of <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a>, the study of all living things. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_purposes">Research purposes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mammalogy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Research purposes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mammalogists have stated that there are multiple reasons for the study and observation of mammals. Knowing how mammals contribute or thrive in their ecosystems gives knowledge on the ecology behind it.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mammals are often used in business industries, agriculture, and kept for pets. Studying mammals habitats and source of energy has led to aiding in survival. The domestication of some small mammals has also helped discover several different diseases, viruses, and cures.<sup id="cite_ref-:42_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mammalogist">Mammalogist</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mammalogy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Mammalogist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A mammalogist studies and observes mammals. In studying mammals, they can observe their habitats, contributions to the ecosystem, their interactions, and the anatomy and physiology. A mammalogist can do a broad variety of things within the realm of mammals. A mammalogist on average can make roughly $58,000 a year. This depends on employer and state.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mammalogy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first people recorded to have researched mammals were the ancient Greeks with records on mammals that were not even native to Greece and others that were. <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> was one of the first to recognize whales and dolphins as mammals since up until the 18th century most of the study was done by taxonomy.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Journals">Journals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mammalogy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Journals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This is a list of scientific journals broadly serving mammalogists. In addition, many other more general zoology, ecology and evolution, or conservation journals also deal with mammals, and several journals are specific to only certain taxonomic groups of mammals. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Journal</th> <th>Organization</th> <th>Publication Schedule</th> <th>Impact Factor</th> <th>First Issue</th> <th>Open Access</th> <th>Page Charges</th> <th>Online ISSN</th> <th>Print ISSN</th> <th>Former Name </th></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Mammalogy" title="Journal of Mammalogy">Journal of Mammalogy</a></i></td> <td>American Society of Mammalogists</td> <td>Bimonthly</td> <td>2.308</td> <td>1919</td> <td>Option</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>1545-1542</td> <td>0022-2372</td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mammal_Review" title="Mammal Review">Mammal Review</a></i></td> <td>The Mammal Society</td> <td>Quarterly</td> <td>3.919</td> <td>1970</td> <td>Option</td> <td>No</td> <td>1365-2907</td> <td>-</td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Mammalian Biology</i></td> <td>German Society for Mammalian Biology</td> <td>Bimonthly</td> <td>1.337</td> <td>1935</td> <td>Option</td> <td>No</td> <td>1616-5047</td> <td>-</td> <td>Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Mammalia</i></td> <td>-</td> <td>Quarterly</td> <td>0.824</td> <td>1936</td> <td>Option</td> <td>No</td> <td>1864-1547</td> <td>-</td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Mammal Research</i></td> <td>Polish Academy of Sciences</td> <td>Quarterly</td> <td>1.161</td> <td>1954</td> <td>Option</td> <td>No</td> <td>2199-241X</td> <td>2199-2401</td> <td>Acta Theriologica </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Mammal Study</i></td> <td>Mammal Society of Japan</td> <td>Quarterly</td> <td>0.426</td> <td>1959</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>1348-6160</td> <td>1343-4152</td> <td>Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Hystrix, Italian Journal of Mammalogy</i></td> <td>Italian Theriological Association</td> <td>Quarterly</td> <td>0.593</td> <td>1986</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>No</td> <td>1825-5272</td> <td>-</td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Galemys, Spanish Journal of Mammalogy</i></td> <td>Spanish Society of Mammalogists</td> <td>Annually</td> <td>-</td> <td>1988</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>No</td> <td>2254-8408</td> <td>-</td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Lutra</i></td> <td>Dutch Mammal Society</td> <td>Biannually</td> <td>-</td> <td>1957</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>No</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Mammalogy" title="Australian Mammalogy">Australian Mammalogy</a></i></td> <td>Australian Mammal Society</td> <td>Biannually</td> <td>-</td> <td>1972</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>1836-7402</td> <td>0310-0049</td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Acta Theriologica Sinica</i></td> <td>Mammalogical Society of China</td> <td>Quarterly</td> <td>-</td> <td>1981</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>No</td> <td>1000-1050</td> <td>-</td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bjm.emnuvens.com.br/bjm/about">Brazilian Journal of Mammalogy</a></i></td> <td>Brazilian Society of Mammalogists</td> <td>Annually</td> <td>-</td> <td>1985</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>No</td> <td>2764-0590</td> <td>-</td> <td>Boletim da Sociedade Brasileira de Mastozoologia </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://terioshkola.org.ua/en/journal.htm">Theriologia Ukrainica</a></i></td> <td>Ukrainian Theriological Society</td> <td>Biannually</td> <td>-</td> <td>1998</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>No</td> <td>2617-1120</td> <td>2616-7379</td> <td>Proceedings of the Theriological School </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mammalogy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammalogists" title="List of mammalogists">List of mammalogists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodentology" title="Rodentology">Rodentology</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mammalogy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFreeman2011" class="citation journal cs1">Freeman, P. 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Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.1300026">10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1300026</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Allen%2C+Glover+Morrill+%281879-1942%29%2C+mammalogist+and+ornithologist&rft.series=American+National+Biography+Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.1300026&rft.aulast=Sterling&rft.aufirst=Keir+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMammalogy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.environmentalscience.org/career/mammalogist">"How to Become a Mammalogist | EnvironmentalScience.org"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220815192638/https://www.environmentalscience.org/career/mammalogist">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-08-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Become+a+Mammalogist+%7C+EnvironmentalScience.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.environmentalscience.org%2Fcareer%2Fmammalogist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMammalogy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Dodge, John Vilas, (25 Sept. 1909–23 April 1991), Senior Editorial Consultant, Encyclopædia Britannica, since 1972; Chairman, Board of Editors, Encyclopædia Britannica Publishers, since 1977", <i>Who Was Who</i>, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fww%2F9780199540884.013.u172122">10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u172122</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dodge%2C+John+Vilas%2C+%2825+Sept.+1909%E2%80%9323+April+1991%29%2C+Senior+Editorial+Consultant%2C+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+since+1972%3B+Chairman%2C+Board+of+Editors%2C+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Publishers%2C+since+1977&rft.btitle=Who+Was+Who&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007-12-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fww%2F9780199540884.013.u172122&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMammalogy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mammalogy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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id="Australosphenida" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australosphenida" title="Australosphenida">Australosphenida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monotreme" title="Monotreme">Monotremata <small>(platypuses and echidnas)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theria" title="Theria">Theria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metatheria" title="Metatheria">Metatheria</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Marsupial" title="Marsupial">Marsupial</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ameridelphia" title="Ameridelphia">Ameridelphia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paucituberculata" title="Paucituberculata">Paucituberculata <small>(shrew opossums)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opossum" title="Opossum">Didelphimorphia <small>(opossums)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australidelphia" title="Australidelphia">Australidelphia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microbiotheria" title="Microbiotheria">Microbiotheria <small>(monitos del monte)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notoryctidae" title="Notoryctidae">Notoryctemorphia <small>(marsupial moles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasyuromorphia" title="Dasyuromorphia">Dasyuromorphia <small>(quolls and dunnarts)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peramelemorphia" title="Peramelemorphia">Peramelemorphia <small>(bilbies and bandicoots)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diprotodontia" title="Diprotodontia">Diprotodontia <small>(kangaroos, koalas, and relatives)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria">Eutheria</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">Placental</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atlantogenata" title="Atlantogenata">Atlantogenata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xenarthra" title="Xenarthra">Xenarthra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cingulata" title="Cingulata">Cingulata <small>(armadillos)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilosa" title="Pilosa">Pilosa <small>(anteaters and sloths)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a 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title="Boreoeutheria">Boreoeutheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Laurasiatheria" title="Laurasiatheria">Laurasiatheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eulipotyphla" title="Eulipotyphla">Eulipotyphla <small>(hedgehogs, shrews, moles and relatives)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat" title="Bat">Chiroptera <small>(bats)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangolin" title="Pangolin">Pholidota <small>(pangolins)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora">Carnivora <small>(dogs, cats and relatives)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odd-toed_ungulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Odd-toed ungulate">Perissodactyla <small>(horses, zebras, donkeys, rhinoceroses and tapirs)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artiodactyl" title="Artiodactyl">Artiodactyla <small>(pigs, camels, hippos, deer, buffalo, gazelles, giraffes, whales, dolphins and relatives)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euarchontoglires" title="Euarchontoglires">Euarchontoglires</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">Rodentia <small>(rats, mice, guinea pigs, squirrels, beavers, chinchillas, porcupines, capybaras and relatives)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagomorpha" title="Lagomorpha">Lagomorpha <small>(rabbits, hares and pikas)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treeshrew" title="Treeshrew">Scandentia <small>(treeshrews)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colugo" title="Colugo">Dermoptera <small>(colugos)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate" title="Primate">Primates <small>(lorises, lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes (including humans) and relatives)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Zoology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthrozoology" title="Anthrozoology">Anthrozoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthropodology" title="Arthropodology">Arthropodology</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arachnology" title="Arachnology">Arachnology</a> (<a href="/wiki/Acarology" title="Acarology">Acarology</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcinology" title="Carcinology">Carcinology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entomology" title="Entomology">Entomology</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coleopterology" title="Coleopterology">Coleopterology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepidopterology" title="Lepidopterology">Lepidopterology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melittology" title="Melittology">Melittology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmecology" title="Myrmecology">Myrmecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthopterology" title="Orthopterology">Orthopterology</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myriapodology" title="Myriapodology">Myriapodology</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biological_anthropology" title="Biological anthropology">Biological anthropology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryozoology" title="Bryozoology">Bryozoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cnidariology" title="Cnidariology">Cnidariology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnozoology" title="Ethnozoology">Ethnozoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethology" title="Ethology">Ethology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helminthology" title="Helminthology">Helminthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpetology" title="Herpetology">Herpetology</a> (<a href="/wiki/Batrachology" title="Batrachology">Batrachology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophiology" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophiology">Ophiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testudinology" class="mw-redirect" title="Testudinology">Testudinology</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyology" title="Ichthyology">Ichthyology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malacology" title="Malacology">Malacology</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conchology" title="Conchology">Conchology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teuthology" title="Teuthology">Teuthology</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mammalogy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cetology" title="Cetology">Cetology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynology" title="Cynology">Cynology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felinology" title="Felinology">Felinology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippology" title="Hippology">Hippology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primatology" title="Primatology">Primatology</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nematology" title="Nematology">Nematology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroethology" title="Neuroethology">Neuroethology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ornithology" title="Ornithology">Ornithology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasitology" title="Parasitology">Parasitology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleozoology" title="Paleozoology">Paleozoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planktology" title="Planktology">Planktology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zooarchaeology" title="Zooarchaeology">Zooarchaeology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animal</a> groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sponge" title="Sponge">Porifera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ctenophora" title="Ctenophora">Ctenophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placozoa" title="Placozoa">Placozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cnidaria" title="Cnidaria">Cnidaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenacoelomorpha" title="Xenacoelomorpha">Xenacoelomorpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambulacraria" title="Ambulacraria">Ambulacraria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aschelminthes" class="mw-redirect" title="Aschelminthes">Aschelminthes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatworm" title="Flatworm">Platyhelminthes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mollusca" title="Mollusca">Mollusca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annelid" title="Annelid">Annelida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anatomy" title="Anatomy">Animal anatomy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Morphology_(biology)" title="Morphology (biology)">Animal morphology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Histology" title="Histology">Histology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tissue_(biology)#Animal_tissue" title="Tissue (biology)">Tissues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epithelium" title="Epithelium">Epithelial tissue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscle_tissue" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscle tissue">Muscular tissue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nervous_tissue" title="Nervous tissue">Nervous tissue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connective_tissue" title="Connective tissue">Connective tissues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineralized_tissues" title="Mineralized tissues">Mineralized tissues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_anatomy" title="Molecular anatomy">Molecular anatomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comparative_anatomy" title="Comparative anatomy">Anatomy <br /> and morphology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mammal#Anatomy" title="Mammal">Mammalian anatomy and morphology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_anatomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Human anatomy">Human</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_anatomy" title="Dog anatomy">Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant#Anatomy_and_morphology" title="Elephant">Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_anatomy" title="Cat anatomy">Cat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_anatomy" title="Bird anatomy">Bird anatomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_anatomy" title="Fish anatomy">Fish anatomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shark_anatomy" title="Shark anatomy">Shark anatomy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider_anatomy" title="Spider anatomy">Spider anatomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insect_morphology" title="Insect morphology">Insect morphology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Physiology#Animals" title="Physiology">Animal physiology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General physiology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Respiration_(physiology)" title="Respiration (physiology)">Respiration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_system" title="Respiratory system">Respiratory system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breathing" title="Breathing">Breathing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_exchange" title="Gas exchange">Gas exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_pigment" title="Respiratory pigment">Respiratory pigment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellular_respiration" title="Cellular respiration">Cellular respiration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vascular_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Vascular system">Vascular system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blood" title="Blood">Blood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymph" title="Lymph">Lymph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_vessel" title="Blood vessel">Blood vessels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arteries" class="mw-redirect" title="Arteries">Arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vein" title="Vein">Veins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capillaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Capillaries">Capillaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart" title="Heart">Heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_vascular_system" title="Water vascular system">Water vascular system</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By species</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insect_physiology" title="Insect physiology">Insect physiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_physiology" title="Fish physiology">Fish physiology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_zoologists" class="mw-redirect" title="List of zoologists">Zoologists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Ernst_von_Baer" title="Karl Ernst von Baer">Karl Ernst von Baer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Cuvier" title="Georges Cuvier">Georges Cuvier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Henri_Fabre" title="Jean-Henri Fabre">Jean-Henri Fabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kirby_(entomologist)" title="William Kirby (entomologist)">William Kirby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Konrad Lorenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Say" title="Thomas Say">Thomas Say</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_von_Uexk%C3%BCll" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakob von Uexküll">Jakob von Uexküll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Alfred Russel Wallace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_zoology_through_1859" title="History of zoology through 1859">Pre-Darwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_zoology_(1859%E2%80%93present)" title="History of zoology (1859–present)">Post-Darwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_zoology" title="Timeline of zoology">Timeline of zoology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Zoology" title="Category:Zoology">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Branches_of_biology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Branches_of_biology" title="Template:Branches of biology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Branches_of_biology" title="Template talk:Branches of biology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Branches_of_biology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Branches of biology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Branches_of_biology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_biology#Branches" title="Outline of biology">Branches of biology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abiogenesis" title="Abiogenesis">Abiogenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerobiology" title="Aerobiology">Aerobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agronomy" title="Agronomy">Agronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrostology" title="Agrostology">Agrostology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatomy" title="Anatomy">Anatomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrobiology" title="Astrobiology">Astrobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacteriology" title="Bacteriology">Bacteriology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biochemistry" title="Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogeography" title="Biogeography">Biogeography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogeology" title="Biogeology">Biogeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioinformatics" title="Bioinformatics">Bioinformatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biological_engineering" title="Biological engineering">Biological engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biomechanics" title="Biomechanics">Biomechanics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biophysics" title="Biophysics">Biophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biosemiotics" title="Biosemiotics">Biosemiotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biostatistics" title="Biostatistics">Biostatistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botany" title="Botany">Botany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell_biology" title="Cell biology">Cell biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellular_microbiology" title="Cellular microbiology">Cellular microbiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_biology" title="Chemical biology">Chemical biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronobiology" title="Chronobiology">Chronobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_biology" title="Cognitive biology">Cognitive biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computational_biology" title="Computational biology">Computational biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_biology" title="Conservation biology">Conservation biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryobiology" title="Cryobiology">Cryobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cytogenetics" title="Cytogenetics">Cytogenetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dendrology" title="Dendrology">Dendrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Developmental_biology" title="Developmental biology">Developmental biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecological_genetics" title="Ecological genetics">Ecological genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">Ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embryology" title="Embryology">Embryology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidemiology" title="Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigenetics" title="Epigenetics">Epigenetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_biology" title="Evolutionary biology">Evolutionary biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freshwater_biology" title="Freshwater biology">Freshwater biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_biology" class="mw-redirect" title="Generative biology">Generative biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genomics" title="Genomics">Genomics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geobiology" title="Geobiology">Geobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerontology" title="Gerontology">Gerontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpetology" title="Herpetology">Herpetology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histology" title="Histology">Histology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_biology" title="Human biology">Human biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyology" title="Ichthyology">Ichthyology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immunology" title="Immunology">Immunology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipidology" title="Lipidology">Lipidology</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_biology" title="Marine biology">Marine biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_and_theoretical_biology" title="Mathematical and theoretical biology">Mathematical biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microbiology" title="Microbiology">Microbiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_biology" title="Molecular biology">Molecular biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycology" title="Mycology">Mycology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neontology" title="Neontology">Neontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">Neuroscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutritional_science" title="Nutritional science">Nutrition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ornithology" title="Ornithology">Ornithology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osteology" title="Osteology">Osteology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleontology" title="Paleontology">Paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasitology" title="Parasitology">Parasitology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathology" title="Pathology">Pathology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmacology" title="Pharmacology">Pharmacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photobiology" title="Photobiology">Photobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phycology" title="Phycology">Phycology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phylogenetics" title="Phylogenetics">Phylogenetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physiology" title="Physiology">Physiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomology" title="Pomology">Pomology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primatology" title="Primatology">Primatology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteomics" title="Proteomics">Proteomics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protistology" title="Protistology">Protistology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quantum_biology" title="Quantum biology">Quantum biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relational_biology" class="mw-redirect" title="Relational biology">Relational biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_biology" title="Reproductive biology">Reproductive biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociobiology" title="Sociobiology">Sociobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_biology" title="Structural biology">Structural biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_biology" title="Synthetic biology">Synthetic biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systematics" title="Systematics">Systematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_biology" title="Systems biology">Systems biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Taxonomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teratology" title="Teratology">Teratology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxicology" title="Toxicology">Toxicology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virology" title="Virology">Virology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virophysics" title="Virophysics">Virophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenobiology" title="Xenobiology">Xenobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoology" title="Zoology">Zoology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_biology" title="History of biology">History of biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_biology_and_organic_chemistry" title="Timeline of biology and organic chemistry">Timeline of biology and organic chemistry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183904#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183904#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183904#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4168746-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mammalogy"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh96010388">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="mammalogie"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph216720&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007534886205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=63298">Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mammalogy&oldid=1259119910">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mammalogy&oldid=1259119910</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mammalogy" 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