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<li id="toc-Acquisitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquisitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Acquisitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquisitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Divestments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Divestments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Divestments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Divestments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Partnerships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partnerships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Partnerships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partnerships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nutrition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nutrition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Nutrition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nutrition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Materials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Innovation_Center" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Innovation_Center"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Innovation Center</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Innovation_Center-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_strategy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_strategy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Current strategy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Current_strategy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Current strategy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Current_strategy-sublist" 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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%85_(%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9)" title="دي اس ام (شركة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دي اس ام (شركة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%85" title="رویال دی‌اس‌ام – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رویال دی‌اس‌ام" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_N.V." title="DSM N.V. – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="DSM N.V." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(Unternehmen)" title="DSM (Unternehmen) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="DSM (Unternehmen)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%85" title="رویال دی‌اس‌ام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رویال دی‌اس‌ام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(entreprise)" title="DSM (entreprise) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="DSM (entreprise)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%85)" title="DSM (기업) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="DSM (기업)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(perusahaan)" title="DSM (perusahaan) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="DSM (perusahaan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(azienda)" title="DSM (azienda) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="DSM (azienda)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM" title="DSM – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="DSM" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninklijke_DSM" title="Koninklijke DSM – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koninklijke DSM" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD)" title="DSM (企業) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="DSM (企業)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(empresa)" title="DSM (empresa) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="DSM (empresa)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="DSM (компания) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="DSM (компания)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(kompanija)" title="DSM (kompanija) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="DSM (kompanija)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(kompanija)" title="DSM (kompanija) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="DSM (kompanija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(f%C3%B6retag)" title="DSM (företag) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="DSM (företag)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM_(%C5%9Firket)" title="DSM (şirket) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="DSM (şirket)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Dutch multinational corporation</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Royal DSM N.V.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_DSM.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Royal_DSM.svg/200px-Royal_DSM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Royal_DSM.svg/300px-Royal_DSM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Royal_DSM.svg/400px-Royal_DSM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="127" data-file-height="61" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Naamloze_vennootschap" title="Naamloze vennootschap">Naamloze vennootschap</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Euronext_Amsterdam" title="Euronext Amsterdam">Euronext Amsterdam</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://euronext.com/products/equities/NL0000009827-XAMS/quotes">DSM</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/AEX_index" title="AEX index">AEX</a> component</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number" title="International Securities Identification Number">ISIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://isin.toolforge.org/?language=en&isin=NL0000009827">NL0000009827</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_industry" title="Chemical industry">Chemicals</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1902<span class="noprint">; 122 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1902</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Maastricht" title="Maastricht">Maastricht</a>, Netherlands</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Dimitri de Vreeze <small>(co-CEO)</small> <br /> Geraldine Matchett <small>(co-CEO)</small> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Edith_Schippers" title="Edith Schippers">Edith Schippers</a> <small>(President)</small> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Rob_Routs" title="Rob Routs">Rob Routs</a> <small>(Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Supervisory_board" title="Supervisory board">Supervisory board</a>)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data">Nutritional ingredients, specialty food ingredients, <a href="/wiki/Engineering_plastic" title="Engineering plastic">engineering plastics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ultra-high-molecular-weight_polyethylene#Fiber" title="Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene">Dyneema</a>, coatings, biomedical materials, biomass conversion technology, solar efficiency technology.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data">€8.632 billion <small>(2017)</small><sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">€957 million <small>(2017)</small><sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">€649 million <small>(2017)</small><sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data">€12.802 billion <small>(2017)</small><sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data">€7.065 billion <small>(2017)</small><sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">21,054 <small>(2017)</small><sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dsm.com/">www.dsm.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dsm_headquarters_heerlen_netherlands_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Dsm_headquarters_heerlen_netherlands_2011.jpg/220px-Dsm_headquarters_heerlen_netherlands_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Dsm_headquarters_heerlen_netherlands_2011.jpg/330px-Dsm_headquarters_heerlen_netherlands_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Dsm_headquarters_heerlen_netherlands_2011.jpg/440px-Dsm_headquarters_heerlen_netherlands_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>The former DSM Headquarters in Heerlen, the Netherlands, pictured in 2011</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Koninklijk" title="Koninklijk">Koninklijke</a> DSM N.V.</b> (<b>Royal DSM</b>, commonly known as <b>DSM</b>, which is the acronym for <i>Dutch State Mines</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a Dutch <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational corporation</a> active in the fields of health, nutrition and materials. Headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Maastricht" title="Maastricht">Maastricht</a>, at the end of 2017 DSM employed 21,054 people in approximately 50 countries and posted net <a href="/wiki/Sales_(accounting)" title="Sales (accounting)">sales</a> of €8.632 billion in 2018<sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and €9.204 billion in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2023 it merged with the Swiss company <a href="/wiki/Firmenich" title="Firmenich">Firmenich</a> to form a new entity named <a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM-Firmenich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DSM-Firmenich (page does not exist)">dsm-firmenich</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dsm-firmenich_{{!}}_DSM_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dsm-firmenich_{{!}}_DSM-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DSM was formed by the Dutch state in 1902 to <a href="/wiki/Coal_mine" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal mine">mine coal</a> reserves in southern <a href="/wiki/Limburg_(Netherlands)" title="Limburg (Netherlands)">Limburg</a> and although the company had diversified into <a href="/wiki/Commodity_chemicals" title="Commodity chemicals">commodity chemicals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petrochemical" title="Petrochemical">petrochemicals</a> by 1973, when the last mine closed, DSM retains a link to its origins by continuing to use the initials, originally an abbreviation for Dutch State Mines, to this day.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> researchers worked on <a href="/wiki/Penicillin" title="Penicillin">penicillin</a>. The code name Bacinol was used to keep the research secret from the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The research was done at the company Nederlandsche Gist- en Spiritusfabriek, Dutch Yeast and Spirits Factory, later becoming DSM Sinochem Pharmaceuticals, in <a href="/wiki/Delft" title="Delft">Delft</a>. </p><p>In 1989, the government floated 70% of its shares in the company on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange (now Euronext Amsterdam) with the remaining 30% floated in 1996, thereby completing DSM's privatization. The 21st century has seen DSM follow successive five-year strategic periods of portfolio transformation and internationalization involving acquisitions, divestments and partnerships.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2001, 48% of DSM's workforce was based in the Netherlands; in 2017, this was 18%.<sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, DSM and Swiss privately owned group <a href="/wiki/Firmenich" title="Firmenich">Firmenich</a> announced their intention to form a "merger of equals" to form a new group named "dsm-firmenich".<sup id="cite_ref-dsm-firmenich_{{!}}_DSM_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dsm-firmenich_{{!}}_DSM-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acquisitions">Acquisitions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Acquisitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1998: Gist-brocades (food ingredients, pharmaceuticals, yeast- and enzyme-based production process technology).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2000: Catalytica Pharmaceuticals (pharmaceutical intermediates).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2003: Roche's vitamin division.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2005: NeoResins (water-based coating resins).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011: Martek (nutritional products derived from <a href="/wiki/Microphyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Microphyte">microalgae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fermentation" title="Fermentation">fermentation</a> technology).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011: Vitatene (natural carotenoids derived from fermentation of <a href="/wiki/Blakeslea_trispora" title="Blakeslea trispora">Blakeslea trispora</a> fungus).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012: Verenium's food enzymes and oilseed processing business.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012: Kensey Nash (biomedical regenerative medicine).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012: Ocean Nutrition Canada (fish-oil derived nutritional products).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012: Cargill's cultures and enzymes business.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012: Fortitech (customized nutrient premixes).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013: Unitech (<a href="/wiki/Micronutrient" title="Micronutrient">micronutrient</a> premixes and <a href="/wiki/Nutrient" title="Nutrient">macronutrient</a> blends).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013: Andre Pectin (food hydrocolloids).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013: Tortuga (nutritional supplements for pasture raised cattle).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2015: Åland (vitamin C).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2015: Cubic Tech (high-performance, ultra-lightweight, flexible laminates and fabrics).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2020: Erber Group – Biomin and Romer Labs (mycotoxin and allergen tests in food).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2020: Glycom (<a href="/wiki/Human_milk_oligosaccharide" title="Human milk oligosaccharide">human milk oligosaccharides</a>, infant formula supplement).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Amyris_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Amyris (company)">Amyris</a> Flavor & Fragrance business.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Divestments">Divestments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Divestments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Petrochemical" title="Petrochemical">Petrochemicals</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon" title="Hydrocarbon">hydrocarbons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polyethylene" title="Polyethylene">polyethylenes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polypropylene" title="Polypropylene">polypropylenes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polyolefin" title="Polyolefin">polyolefins</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Quinine" title="Quinine">Quinine</a> and Cinchona Alcaloids to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buchler_GmbH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buchler GmbH (page does not exist)">Buchler GmbH</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">Ammonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fertilizer" title="Fertilizer">fertilizer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melamine" title="Melamine">melamine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Thermoplastic_elastomer" title="Thermoplastic elastomer">Thermoplastic elastomers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/EPDM_rubber" title="EPDM rubber">EP(D)M rubber</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Toluene" title="Toluene">Toluene</a> oxidation.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Patheon" title="Patheon">Patheon</a>, a pharmaceutical <a href="/wiki/Contract_manufacturing_organization" title="Contract manufacturing organization">contract development and manufacturing organization (CDMO)</a> joint venture with <a href="/wiki/JLL_Partners" title="JLL Partners">JLL Partners</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2021: Resins & Functional Materials business to Covestro AG.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2022: Protective Materials business to Avient Corporation<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2022: Engineering Materials business to Advent International and LANXESS<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Partnerships">Partnerships</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Partnerships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DSM has stated that these partnerships have been created with a view to the company's ultimate exit from the businesses concerned.<sup id="cite_ref-AR2016_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2016-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>2009: DSM and <a href="/wiki/North_China_Pharmaceutical_Group_Corp" class="mw-redirect" title="North China Pharmaceutical Group Corp">NCPC</a> sign contracts to establish nutrition and <a href="/wiki/Anti-infective" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-infective">anti-infectives</a> joint ventures in China<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011: DSM Sinochem Pharmaceuticals, joint venture (DSM 50%) with the <a href="/wiki/Sinochem_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinochem Group">Sinochem Group</a>. DSM Sinochem Pharmaceuticals is a manufacturer of generic anti-infective molecules.</li> <li>2015: ChemicaInvest, joint venture (DSM 35%) with <a href="/wiki/CVC_Capital_Partners" title="CVC Capital Partners">CVC Capital Partners</a>. ChemicaInvest consists of three business units; Aliancys (composite resins), AnQore (<a href="/wiki/Acrylonitrile" title="Acrylonitrile">acrylonitrile</a>) and Fibrant (<a href="/wiki/Caprolactam" title="Caprolactam">caprolactam</a>).</li></ul> <p>DSM has applied <a href="/wiki/International_Financial_Reporting_Standards" title="International Financial Reporting Standards">IFRS 11</a> to its associates and joint ventures since 2013. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DSM's five business groups are clustered according to product and market combinations, with the business group directors reporting directly to the Managing Board. Since 2015, DSM's activities have been grouped into three clusters: Nutrition, Materials and Innovation Center. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nutrition">Nutrition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Nutrition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Nutrition cluster is made up of DSM Nutritional Products and DSM Food Specialties. DSM Nutritional Products produces essential nutrients such as synthetic <a href="/wiki/Vitamin" title="Vitamin">vitamins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carotenoid" title="Carotenoid">carotenoids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_milk_oligosaccharide" title="Human milk oligosaccharide">human milk oligosaccharides</a>, nutritional <a href="/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid">lipids</a> and other ingredients for the feed, food, pharmaceutical and <a href="/wiki/Personal_care" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal care">personal care</a> industries. DSM Food Specialties manufactures food <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzymes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microbial_food_cultures" title="Microbial food cultures">cultures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yeast_extract" title="Yeast extract">yeast extracts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artificial_flavor" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial flavor">savory flavors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colloid" title="Colloid">hydrocolloids</a> and other specialty ingredients for the <a href="/wiki/Dairy_product" title="Dairy product">dairy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baking" title="Baking">baking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beverage_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverage industry">beverage</a> and savory segments. DSM also manufacturers a novel cattle feed additive (Bovaer) to reduce <a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">methane</a> production from dairy production.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, DSM was ranked 6th on FoodTalks' list of Top 30 Global Probiotic Food Ingredient Companies.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Materials">Materials</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Materials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Materials cluster is made up of DSM Engineering Materials, DSM Protective Materials and DSM Resins & Functional Materials. DSM Engineering Materials’ <a href="/wiki/Engineering_plastic" title="Engineering plastic">specialty plastics</a> are used in components for the electrical and <a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">electronics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">automotive</a>, flexible food <a href="/wiki/Packaging_and_labeling" class="mw-redirect" title="Packaging and labeling">packaging</a> and <a href="/wiki/Final_good" title="Final good">consumer goods</a> industries. DSM Protective Materials is the inventor, manufacturer and marketer of <a href="/wiki/Ultra-high-molecular-weight_polyethylene" title="Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene">Dyneema</a>. DSM Resins & Functional Materials manufacture <a href="/wiki/Resin" title="Resin">resins</a> solutions for <a href="/wiki/Paint" title="Paint">paints</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ink" title="Ink">inks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stereolithography" title="Stereolithography">stereolithography</a>, and industrial and <a href="/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">optical fiber</a> coatings. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Innovation_Center">Innovation Center</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Innovation Center"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to the role of supporting innovation in the businesses and DSM's venturing activities, the Innovation Center is responsible for the company's ‘Emerging Business Areas’; DSM Biomedical (<a href="/wiki/Biomaterial" title="Biomaterial">biomaterials</a> and regenerative medical devices), DSM Bio-based Products & Services (<a href="/wiki/Biomass" title="Biomass">biomass</a>-conversion technology) and DSM Advanced Solar (<a href="/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating" title="Anti-reflective coating">AR-coatings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Photovoltaics" title="Photovoltaics">Photovoltaic</a>-films for <a href="/wiki/Solar_panel" title="Solar panel">solar modules</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_strategy">Current strategy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Current strategy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_targets">Financial targets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Financial targets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2015, DSM announced that up to 2018 it was targeting a high single-digit annual percentage increase in <a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest,_taxes,_depreciation,_amortization,_and_restructuring_or_rent_costs" class="mw-redirect" title="Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, and restructuring or rent costs">EBITDA</a> and a high double-digit annual basis point increase in <a href="/wiki/Return_on_capital_employed" title="Return on capital employed">Return on capital employed</a> (ROCE). It will focus on organic sales growth, reducing costs and strict capital allocation and does not expect to engage in large acquisitions in the near future.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_targets">Environmental targets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Environmental targets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within its corporate strategy the company also defines long-term sustainability aspirations, which include targets to improve the eco-efficiency of its operations. In November 2015, DSM set the following environmental reduction targets: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Indicators </th> <th>New targets </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas" title="Greenhouse gas">GHG</a> efficiency improvement </td> <td>45% by 2025 (reference 2008) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Energy efficiency improvement </td> <td>1% annually (>10% from 2015 to 2025) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Renewable electricity </td> <td>50% by 2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Reduction of emissions to air per unit of product (<a href="/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound" title="Volatile organic compound">VOC</a>, <a href="/wiki/NOx" title="NOx">NO<sub>X</sub></a>, <a href="/wiki/Sulfur_dioxide" title="Sulfur dioxide">SO<sub>2</sub></a>) </td> <td>40% in 2020 (reference 2015) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Waste </td> <td>80–90% recycled by 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Water </td> <td>Water risk assessments completed on 90% of selected sites by 2020 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Since 2010,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Short<sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>- and <a href="/wiki/Long-term_incentive_plan" title="Long-term incentive plan">Long-Term incentive</a><sup id="cite_ref-AR2017_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> elements of the remuneration of DSM's Managing Board<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and executive bonuses<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> relate to the company's financial and environmental performance in equal measure. Since 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DSM has been either the Materials <a href="/wiki/Global_Industry_Classification_Standard" title="Global Industry Classification Standard">industry group</a> leader, (7 years) or among the leaders in the annual <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Sustainability_Indices" title="Dow Jones Sustainability Indices">Dow Jones Sustainability Index</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shares">Shares</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Shares"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DSM is listed on <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Stock_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Amsterdam Stock Exchange">Euronext Amsterdam</a> and is a constituent of the <a href="/wiki/AEX_index" title="AEX index">AEX index</a>. Options on DSM shares are traded on the European Option Exchange in Amsterdam. In the US, a sponsored unlisted <a href="/wiki/American_depositary_receipt" title="American depositary receipt">American Depositary Receipts (ADR)</a> programme is provided by Deutsche Bank Trust Co. Americas. These ADR's are listed on the <a href="/wiki/OTC_Markets_Group" title="OTC Markets Group">OTCQX</a> International Premier Marketplace. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSM_(company)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-AR2017-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR2017_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191105163057/https://annualreport.dsm.com/ar2017/en_US/index.html">"Annual Report 2017"</a>. DSM. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://annualreport.dsm.com/ar2017/en_US/index.html">the original</a> on 5 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annual+Report+2017&rft.pub=DSM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fannualreport.dsm.com%2Far2017%2Fen_US%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADSM+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsm.com/corporate/our-company/our-purpose/heritage.html">"Our heritage | DSM"</a>. <i>@corporate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%40corporate&rft.atitle=DSM+acquires+Flavor+%26+Fragrance+bio-based+intermediates+business+from+Amyris+%7C+DSM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsm.com%2Fcorporate%2Fnews%2Fnews-archive%2F2021%2F06-21-dsm-acquires-flavor-and-fragrance-bio-based-intermediates-business-from-amyris.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADSM+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gulfindustryworldwide.com/news/1434_Sabic-gets-world-boost.html">"Gulf Industry Online – Sabic gets world boost"</a>. <i>www.gulfindustryworldwide.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gulfindustryworldwide.com&rft.atitle=Gulf+Industry+Online+%E2%80%93+Sabic+gets+world+boost&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gulfindustryworldwide.com%2Fnews%2F1434_Sabic-gets-world-boost.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADSM+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spanish National Commission for Markets and Competition CNMC <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.cnmc.es/index.php/eu/node/339052">https://www.cnmc.es/index.php/eu/node/339052</a> Retrieved 21 January 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ocinitrogen.com/EN/Pages/History.aspx">"History of OCI Nitrogen"</a>. <i>www.ocinitrogen.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ocinitrogen.com&rft.atitle=History+of+OCI+Nitrogen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocinitrogen.com%2FEN%2FPages%2FHistory.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADSM+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160309051227/http://www.teknorapex.com/division/divsarlink/index.html?cat=344">"Teknor Apex Company has acquired the Sarlink TPV product range"</a>. <i>www.teknorapex.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.teknorapex.com/division/divsarlink/index.html?cat=344">the original</a> on 9 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.teknorapex.com&rft.atitle=Teknor+Apex+Company+has+acquired+the+Sarlink+TPV+product+range&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teknorapex.com%2Fdivision%2Fdivsarlink%2Findex.html%3Fcat%3D344&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADSM+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lanxess.com/en/corporate/media/press-releases/lanxess-completes-acquisition-of-dsm-elastomers/?tx_editfiltersystem_pi1%255Bname%255D=DSM&tx_editfiltersystem_pi1%255Bmatrix_segment%255D=0&tx_editfiltersystem_pi1%255Bmatrix_business_unit%255D=">"Press Releases – LANXESS News"</a>. <i>lanxess.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%40corporate&rft.atitle=DSM+completes+sale+of+Resins+%26+Functional+Materials+businesses+%7C+DSM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsm.com%2Fcorporate%2Fnews%2Fnews-archive%2F2021%2F07-21-dsm-completes-sale-of-resins-and-functional-materials-businesses.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADSM+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsm.com/corporate/news/news-archive/2022/dsm-announces-sale-of-protective-materials-business.html">"DSM announces sale of Protective Materials business | DSM"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DSM+announces+sale+of+Protective+Materials+business+%26%23124%3B+DSM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsm.com%2Fcorporate%2Fnews%2Fnews-archive%2F2022%2Fdsm-announces-sale-of-protective-materials-business.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADSM+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsm.com/corporate/news/news-archive/2022/dsm-announces-sale-of-engineering-materials-business.html">"DSM announces sale of Engineering Materials business"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DSM+announces+sale+of+Engineering+Materials+business&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsm.com%2Fcorporate%2Fnews%2Fnews-archive%2F2022%2Fdsm-announces-sale-of-engineering-materials-business.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADSM+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AR2016-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AR2016_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200627212001/https://annualreport.dsm.com/ar2016/en_US/index.html">"Annual Report 2016"</a>. 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Nah, I missed my climate target"</a>. <i>www.eenews.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902650#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902650#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/10019291-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83041542">United States</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2006037926">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007325196905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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