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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Almoraviden" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Almoraviden" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. 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accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Geschiedenis-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opkomst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opkomst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Opkomst</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opkomst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_Almoraviden_in_Iberië" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_Almoraviden_in_Iberië"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>De Almoraviden in Iberië</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_Almoraviden_in_Iberië-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ondergang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ondergang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Ondergang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ondergang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cultuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Godsdienst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Godsdienst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Godsdienst</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Godsdienst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heersers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heersers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Heersers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heersers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Almoraviden</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 74 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoraviden" title="Almoraviden – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Almoraviden" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almurabit" title="Almurabit – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Almurabit" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الدولة المرابطية – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدولة المرابطية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86" title="لمرابطين – Marokkaans Arabisch" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لمرابطين" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Marokkaans Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86" title="المرابطين – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المرابطين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almor%C3%A1vides" title="Almorávides – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Almorávides" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCrabitl%C9%99r" title="Mürabitlər – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mürabitlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="مورابیطلر دؤولتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مورابیطلر دؤولتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB-%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Әл-Мурабиттар – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Әл-Мурабиттар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Алморавиди – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алморавиди" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="মুরাবিতুন রাজবংশ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুরাবিতুন রাজবংশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravided" title="Almoravided – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Almoravided" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_almor%C3%A0vit" title="Dinastia almoràvit – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dinastia almoràvit" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مورابیتەکان – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مورابیتەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almor%C3%A1vid%C3%A9" title="Almorávidé – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Almorávidé" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravider" title="Almoravider – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Almoravider" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoraviden" title="Almoraviden – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Almoraviden" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Αλμοραβίδες – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλμοραβίδες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravid_dynasty" title="Almoravid dynasty – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Almoravid dynasty" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidoj" title="Almoravidoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Almoravidoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almor%C3%A1vides" title="Almorávides – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Almorávides" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoraviidide_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Almoraviidide dünastia – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Almoraviidide dünastia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almorabide" title="Almorabide – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Almorabide" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86" title="مرابطون – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مرابطون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidit" title="Almoravidit – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Almoravidit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravides" title="Almoravides – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Almoravides" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_almor%C3%A1bide" title="Dinastía almorábide – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dinastía almorábide" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="מוראביטון – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוראביטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="अल्मोराविद राजवंश – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अल्मोराविद राजवंश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidi" title="Almoravidi – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Almoravidi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almor%C3%A1vid%C3%A1k" title="Almorávidák – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Almorávidák" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC-%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ալ-Մորավիների պետություն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալ-Մորավիների պետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murabithun" title="Murabithun – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Murabithun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidi" title="Almoravidi – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Almoravidi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%93%E3%83%88%E6%9C%9D" title="ムラービト朝 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ムラービト朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ალმორავიდები – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალმორავიდები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%99%95%EC%A1%B0" title="무라비트 왕조 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="무라비트 왕조" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravides" title="Almoravides – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Almoravides" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_almoravide" title="Dinastia almoravide – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Dinastia almoravide" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidai" title="Almoravidai – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Almoravidai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidu_dinastija" title="Almoravidu dinastija – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Almoravidu dinastija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Алморавидска династија – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Алморавидска династија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="അൽമൊറാവിദ് സാമ്രാജ്യം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അൽമൊറാവിദ് സാമ്രാജ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Murabitun" title="Al-Murabitun – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Al-Murabitun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperu_Almoravid" title="Imperu Almoravid – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Imperu Almoravid" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidene" title="Almoravidene – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Almoravidene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Almoravid" title="Dinastia Almoravid – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dinastia Almoravid" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC" title="ਮਰਾਬਦੀਨ ਰਾਜਵੰਸ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਰਾਬਦੀਨ ਰਾਜਵੰਸ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almorawidzi" title="Almorawidzi – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Almorawidzi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="دولت مرابطین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دولت مرابطین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Almor%C3%A1vida" title="Império Almorávida – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Império Almorávida" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Almoravid" title="Dinastia Almoravid – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dinastia Almoravid" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Альморавиды – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Альморавиды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidi" title="Almoravidi – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Almoravidi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravid_dynasty" title="Almoravid dynasty – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Almoravid dynasty" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86" title="مرابطون – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مرابطون" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidi" title="Almoravidi – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Almoravidi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Im%E1%B9%9Bab%E1%B8%8Dn" title="Imṛabḍn – Tashelhiyt" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Imṛabḍn" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tashelhiyt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravid_dynasty" title="Almoravid dynasty – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Almoravid dynasty" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almor%C3%A1vidovci" title="Almorávidovci – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Almorávidovci" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravidi" title="Almoravidi – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Almoravidi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Алморавиди – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Алморавиди" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravider" title="Almoravider – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Almoravider" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almurabitun" title="Almurabitun – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Almurabitun" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Муробитун – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Муробитун" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mur%C3%A2b%C4%B1tlar" title="Murâbıtlar – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Murâbıtlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Альморавіди – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Альморавіди" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="دولت مرابطین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دولت مرابطین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murobitlar_davlati" title="Murobitlar davlati – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Murobitlar davlati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_Almoravid" title="Nhà Almoravid – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhà Almoravid" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E6%AF%94%E7%89%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="穆拉比特王朝 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="穆拉比特王朝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%95%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%9F%E2%B5%8F" title="ⵉⵎⵕⴰⴱⵟⵏ – Standaard Marokkaanse Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵎⵕⴰⴱⵟⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standaard Marokkaanse Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E6%AF%94%E7%89%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="穆拉比特王朝 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="穆拉比特王朝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E6%AF%94%E7%89%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="穆拉比特王朝 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="穆拉比特王朝" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q75613#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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class="ta-center" colspan="3"><span></span> <table style="width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; min-width: 45px;"><a href="/wiki/Maghrawaden" title="Maghrawaden">←</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maghrawaden"><img alt="Maghrawaden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/25px-Flag_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/38px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/50px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Barghawata" title="Barghawata">←</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Barghawata"><img alt="Barghawata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/25px-Flag_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/38px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/50px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emiraat_Sijilmasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emiraat Sijilmasa (de pagina bestaat niet)">←</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emiraat Sijilmasa"><img alt="Emiraat Sijilmasa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/25px-Flag_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/38px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/50px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">←</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Green-White_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taifa"><img alt="Taifa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Green-White_Flag.svg/25px-Green-White_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Green-White_Flag.svg/38px-Green-White_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Green-White_Flag.svg/50px-Green-White_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Ziriden" title="Ziriden">←</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Drapeau_des_Ziride.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ziriden"><img alt="Ziriden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Drapeau_des_Ziride.jpg/25px-Drapeau_des_Ziride.jpg" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Drapeau_des_Ziride.jpg/38px-Drapeau_des_Ziride.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Drapeau_des_Ziride.jpg/50px-Drapeau_des_Ziride.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="684" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"><big><b>1040 – 1147</b></big> </td> <td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: middle; min-width: 45px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Almohad_Dynasty_(1147-1269).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kalifaat van de Almohaden"><img alt="Kalifaat van de Almohaden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Almohad_Dynasty_%281147-1269%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Almohad_Dynasty_%281147-1269%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Almohad_Dynasty_%281147-1269%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Almohad_Dynasty_%281147-1269%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Almohad_Dynasty_%281147-1269%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Almohad_Dynasty_%281147-1269%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kalifaat_van_de_Almohaden" title="Kalifaat van de Almohaden">→</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Green-White_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taifa"><img alt="Taifa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Green-White_Flag.svg/25px-Green-White_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Green-White_Flag.svg/38px-Green-White_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Green-White_Flag.svg/50px-Green-White_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">→</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3"> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><span></span> <table style="width: 100%; text-align: center;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Morocco_1073_1147.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Morocco_1073_1147.svg/125px-Flag_of_Morocco_1073_1147.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Morocco_1073_1147.svg/188px-Flag_of_Morocco_1073_1147.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Morocco_1073_1147.svg/250px-Flag_of_Morocco_1073_1147.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><small>(<a href="/wiki/Vlag_van_Marokko" title="Vlag van Marokko">Details</a>)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit;" colspan="3">Kaart </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Almoravid_Greatest_Extent.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Almoravid_Greatest_Extent.png/266px-Almoravid_Greatest_Extent.png" decoding="async" width="266" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Almoravid_Greatest_Extent.png/399px-Almoravid_Greatest_Extent.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Almoravid_Greatest_Extent.png/532px-Almoravid_Greatest_Extent.png 2x" data-file-width="821" data-file-height="440" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit;" colspan="3">Algemene gegevens </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hoofdstad" title="Hoofdstad">Hoofdstad</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Aghmat" title="Aghmat">Aghmat</a> (1040-1062)<br /><a href="/wiki/Marrakesh" title="Marrakesh">Marrakech</a> (1062-1147) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oppervlakte" title="Oppervlakte">Oppervlakte</a> </th> <td colspan="2">1000000<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> km2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Taal_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taal (hoofdbetekenis)">Talen</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berbers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebreeuws" title="Hebreeuws">Hebreeuws</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andalusisch" title="Andalusisch">Andalusisch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Religie" title="Religie">Religie(s)</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christendom</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Valuta" title="Valuta">Munteenheid</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Almoravidische_dinar" title="Almoravidische dinar">Almoravidische dinar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit;" colspan="3">Regering </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Regeringsvorm" title="Regeringsvorm">Regeringsvorm</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Graaf_(titel)" title="Graaf (titel)">Graafschap</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Dynastie" title="Dynastie">Dynastie</a> </th> <td colspan="2">Almoraviden </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Staatshoofd" title="Staatshoofd">Staatshoofd</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Graaf_(titel)" title="Graaf (titel)">Graaf</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>De <b>Almoraviden</b> (<a href="/wiki/Berberse_taal" class="mw-redirect" title="Berberse taal">Berbers</a>: Imrabḍen, <b>امرابدن</b> <a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="Arabisch">المرابطون</span>, <i>al-Murabitun</i>) waren de heersers over het eerste grote <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islamitische</a> rijk dat door Berbers in het huidige <a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a> gesticht werd en die tot de <a href="/wiki/Sanhaja" title="Sanhaja">Sanhaja</a> behoorden. </p><p>Zij werden in 1147 verslagen door de <a href="/wiki/Almohaden" class="mw-redirect" title="Almohaden">Almohaden</a>. Een aan hen verwante dynastie, de Banu Ghaniya, zou nog tot 1203 vanuit <a href="/wiki/Mallorca" title="Mallorca">Mallorca</a> over de <a href="/wiki/Balearen" title="Balearen">Balearen</a> en gebieden in Algerije heersen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opkomst">Opkomst</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Opkomst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Opkomst"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Almoraviden hebben hun oorsprong in de 9e-eeuwse westelijke <a href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Sahara</a> (het huidige <a href="/wiki/Mauritani%C3%AB" title="Mauritanië">Mauritanië</a>), waar de plaatselijke <a href="/wiki/Sanhaja" title="Sanhaja">Sanhaja</a> stammen in contact kwamen met de <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> en een serie van militaire campagnes lanceerden tegen gebieden in West-Afrika en Zuid-Marokko. Deze coalitie van Sanhaja stammen (de <a href="/wiki/Lamtuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamtuna">Lamtuna</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Massufa" class="mw-redirect" title="Massufa">Massufa</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Banu_Warith" class="mw-redirect" title="Banu Warith">Banu Warith</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Gudala" class="mw-redirect" title="Gudala">Gudala</a>) controleerde vervolgens het zuidelijke deel van de trans-Saharaanse <a href="/wiki/Goud" title="Goud">goudhandel</a>, wat het enorme rijkdommen moet hebben opgeleverd. Na het instorten van dit rijk in de 10e eeuw, werden de meeste van deze gebieden bezet door het <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Ghana" title="Koninkrijk Ghana">Koninkrijk Ghana</a> (niet te verwarren met het huidige <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>) in het zuiden en de <a href="/wiki/Maghrawaden" title="Maghrawaden">Maghrawaden</a> van <a href="/wiki/Sijilmasa" title="Sijilmasa">Sijilmasa</a> in het noorden. </p><p>In de 11e eeuw begon de Gudala spirituele leider <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yahya_ibn_Ibrahim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yahya ibn Ibrahim (de pagina bestaat niet)">Yahya ibn Ibrahim</a>, te prediken in de <a href="/wiki/Moskee" title="Moskee">moskeeën</a>. De <a href="/wiki/Sanhaja" title="Sanhaja">Sanhaja</a> waren op dat moment maar oppervlakkig <a href="/wiki/Moslim" title="Moslim">moslim</a>, zodat hij in 1046 een beroep deed op de <a href="/wiki/Theoloog" title="Theoloog">theoloog</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdallah_ibn_Yasin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdallah ibn Yasin (de pagina bestaat niet)">Abdallah ibn Yasin</a> (zelf een Shanhaji, van de Jazula stam uit de omgeving van <a href="/wiki/Kh%C3%A9misset_(stad)" title="Khémisset (stad)">Khémisset</a>) om onder de Berbers van Mauritanië te komen preken. Onder de Gudala brak vervolgens een rebellie uit tegen de islamitische wetten die door Ibn Yasin werden ingesteld, waarna deze moest vluchten voor zijn leven. In deze zelfde periode wilde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yahya_ibn_Umar_Lamtuni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yahya ibn Umar Lamtuni (de pagina bestaat niet)">Yahya ibn Umar Lamtuni</a>, een leider van de Lamtuna stam, de oude Sanhaja coalitie nieuw leven inblazen. Om dit te bereiken ontving hij de verbannen Ibn Yasin. Ibn Yasin predikte een anti-tribale islam, wat als muziek in de oren moet hebben geklonken bij Ibn Umar en zijn droom van een verenigde Sanhaja. De twee begonnen vervolgens met de militaire verovering van de Lamtuna, Masufa en de Gudala stammen. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Sijilmasa" title="Sijilmasa">Sijilmasa</a> waren de <a href="/wiki/Zenata" title="Zenata">Zenata</a> heersers ondertussen angstig geworden voor een coalitie van de zuidelijke stammen en steunden stammen die vijandig stonden tegenover het groeiende koninkrijk van Ibn Umar. In 1054 trok Ibn Umar op naar het noorden en kon hij de Maghrawaden verslaan en <a href="/wiki/Sijilmasa" title="Sijilmasa">Sijilmasa</a> innemen. Sijilmasa was in deze periode een van de belangrijkste steden van de <a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a> en met deze verovering werden de Almoraviden voor het eerst een gevestigde naam in Noord-Afrika. </p><p>Hierna besloot Ibn Umar om zijn macht te verspreiden over de zuidelijke grens van de trans-Saharaanse goudroute, waarbij hij het <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Ghana" title="Koninkrijk Ghana">koninkrijk Ghana</a> binnenviel en de belangrijke <a href="/wiki/Citadel_(bouwwerk)" title="Citadel (bouwwerk)">citadel</a> van <a href="/wiki/Audoghast" title="Audoghast">Aoudaghost</a> kon innemen. Plotseling slaagden de Zenata erin om Sijilmasa weer in te nemen, waarna hij naar het noorden optrok. Voordat zij aankwamen kwam het nieuws bij hem aan dat de Gudala stammen in opstand waren gekomen en uit de coalitie waren gestapt. Dit gaf de Almoraviden het akelige vooruitzicht op een tweezijdige oorlog, zodat Ibn Umar besloot zijn grote leger te verdelen: met een deel trok hij zelf naar het zuiden tegen de Guzala, terwijl zijn broer <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a> aan het hoofd van het andere deel tegen <a href="/wiki/Sijilmasa" title="Sijilmasa">Sijilmasa</a> optrok. </p><p>Het leger van Ibn Umar trof de Guzala rond <a href="/wiki/Adrar_(stad)" title="Adrar (stad)">Adrar</a> in centraal <a href="/wiki/Mauritani%C3%AB" title="Mauritanië">Mauritanië</a>. Het resultaat was een ramp voor de Almoraviden: het leger werd overrompelend verslagen en Ibn Umar overleed. Zijn broer Abu Bakr volgde hem op en begon onmiddellijk met de verovering van Sijilmasa (in 1056) en Marokko. Ook <a href="/wiki/Algerije" title="Algerije">Algerije</a> tot <a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a> behoorde tot hun gebied, en in 1070 wordt <a href="/wiki/Marrakesh" title="Marrakesh">Marrakesh</a> (oftewel Marrakuc) gesticht als de hoofdstad voor het Almoravidenrijk. Ze versloegen in Noord-Afrika de <a href="/wiki/Barghawata" title="Barghawata">Barghawata</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Fatimiden" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatimiden">Fatimiden</a>. Ook verder zuidelijk werd een groot gedeelte van West-Afrika veroverd, zoals het <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Ghana" title="Koninkrijk Ghana">koninkrijk Ghana</a> en vele belangrijke handelssteden en oases van de karavaan routes in de westelijke Sahara, zoals <a href="/wiki/Timboektoe_(stad)" title="Timboektoe (stad)">Timboektoe</a> en <a href="/wiki/Audoghast" title="Audoghast">Audoghast</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_Almoraviden_in_Iberië"><span id="De_Almoraviden_in_Iberi.C3.AB"></span>De Almoraviden in Iberië</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: De Almoraviden in Iberië" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: De Almoraviden in Iberië"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Almoravid_map_reconquest_loc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Almoravid_map_reconquest_loc.jpg/300px-Almoravid_map_reconquest_loc.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Almoravid_map_reconquest_loc.jpg/450px-Almoravid_map_reconquest_loc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Almoravid_map_reconquest_loc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="422" /></a><figcaption>De Almoraviden in het Iberisch Schiereiland</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1086 was <a href="/wiki/Alfons_VI_van_Castili%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfons VI van Castilië">Alfons VI van Castilië</a> en <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Le%C3%B3n" title="Koninkrijk León">León</a> sterk genoeg om de <a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">Taifa's</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> te verslaan. De Taifa's waren verzwakt door conflicten tussen de prinsen van verschillende rassen, vooral de Berbers en Arabieren, die tegen Alfons VI geen stand konden houden. De koningen van <a href="/wiki/Sevilla_(stad)" title="Sevilla (stad)">Sevilla</a> en <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Granada" title="Koninkrijk Granada">Granada</a> riepen de islamitische Almoraviden te hulp, en onder de leiding van de geharde krijger <a href="/wiki/Yusuf_ibn_Tashfin" title="Yusuf ibn Tashfin">Yusuf ibn Tashfin</a> - de eerste bestuurder die zich "Emir Almuslimien" (<i>Emir van de Moslims</i>) noemde in plaats van "Emir Almouminien" (<i>Emir van de gelovigen</i>) - staken de Almoraviden de straat van <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> over naar Spanje en werd Alfons VI in één dag verslagen in de <a href="/wiki/Slag_bij_Zallaqa" title="Slag bij Zallaqa">Slag bij Zallaqa</a>. Gedurende hun oversteek naar Spanje, was alleen de <a href="/wiki/Ziriden" title="Ziriden">Ziriden</a> koning van <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Granada" title="Koninkrijk Granada">Granada</a> vrijgesteld van het betalen van beschermingsgeld aan de christenen. </p><p>In tegenstelling tot wat er soms beweerd wordt, bleven de Almoraviden niet in Spanje om er over te heersen, maar ze keerden terug naar hun rijk in het zuiden. Alfons bouwde zijn leger opnieuw op, en bedreigde opnieuw de Taifa's. <a href="/wiki/Abbadiden" title="Abbadiden">Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">Taifa</a>-heerser van Sevilla riep ook deze keer weer de Almoraviden te hulp. In 1088 vielen de Almoraviden de christenen opnieuw aan, maar deze keer was er geen samenwerking met de Taifa's. De Taifa's vreesden dat de Almoraviden zouden blijven, en werkten liever samen met de christenen. Daarom vond Ibn Tashfin de Taifa's niet meer geschikt om het rijk van de moslims in het noorden te beschermen. Op deze wijze kreeg hij een rechtvaardiging voor de inlijving van Spanje in het Almoravidenrijk van de <a href="/wiki/Theoloog" title="Theoloog">theologen</a>, vooral de Perzische theoloog <a href="/wiki/Alghazali" class="mw-redirect" title="Alghazali">Alghazali</a>. </p><p>Verder konden de Almoraviden <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Ghana" title="Koninkrijk Ghana">Ghana</a> (dat rijk was aan goud) en <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Mali" title="Koninkrijk Mali">Mali</a> onderwerpen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ondergang">Ondergang</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Ondergang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Ondergang"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nadat <a href="/wiki/Yusuf_ibn_Tashfin" title="Yusuf ibn Tashfin">Yusuf ibn Tashfin</a> stierf, volgde zijn zoon <a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Yusuf" title="Ali ibn Yusuf">Ali ibn Yusuf</a> hem op, maar deze was meer met het geloof bezig dan met het bestuur van het land. Hij gaf de theologen de prioriteit in zijn imperium, die vervolgens de godsdienst gebruikten voor hun eigen belangen, zonder het islamitische rijk te verstevigen. In deze achteruitgang begonnen de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imouharen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imouharen (de pagina bestaat niet)">Imouharen</a> volgens hun gewone leefstijl te leven (zoals de vrouwen zonder <a href="/wiki/Hoofddoek" title="Hoofddoek">hoofddoeken</a>, meer gelijkheid tussen man en vrouw, en het drinken van <a href="/wiki/Wijn" title="Wijn">wijn</a>). Als hoogtepunt hiervan geldt het verbranden van de boeken van <a href="/wiki/Al-Ghazali" title="Al-Ghazali">Al-Ghazali</a>, die volgens de heersende theologen geen echte gelovige was. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/1146" title="1146">1146</a> werd <a href="/wiki/Marrakesh" title="Marrakesh">Marrakesh</a> veroverd door een andere Berberse dynastie, die van de <a href="/wiki/Almohaden" class="mw-redirect" title="Almohaden">Almohaden</a>. De laatste Almoravidische koning <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishaq_ibn_Ibrahim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ishaq ibn Ibrahim (de pagina bestaat niet)">Ishaq ibn Ibrahim</a> werd daarbij gedood. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultuur">Cultuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Cultuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Cultuur"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Alger-Grande-Mosqu%C3%A9e.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Alger-Grande-Mosqu%C3%A9e.jpg/300px-Alger-Grande-Mosqu%C3%A9e.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Alger-Grande-Mosqu%C3%A9e.jpg/450px-Alger-Grande-Mosqu%C3%A9e.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Alger-Grande-Mosqu%C3%A9e.jpg/600px-Alger-Grande-Mosqu%C3%A9e.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>De Grote Moskee van Algiers gebouwd door de Almoraviden.</figcaption></figure> <p>Onder de Almoraviden vond een enorme opleving plaats van de intellectuele activiteiten. Ondanks de spaarzame en strikt-islamitische doctrine die zij naleefden, stonden de heersers open voor wetenschappers en filosofen. Tijdens hun bewind (en dat van de <a href="/wiki/Almohaden" class="mw-redirect" title="Almohaden">Almohaden</a>) zouden enkele van de grootste geleerden van het islamitische <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a> actief zijn: <a href="/wiki/Averroes" title="Averroes">Averroes</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Rundi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Rundi (de pagina bestaat niet)">al-Rundi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Bakri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Bakri (de pagina bestaat niet)">Al-Bakri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avempace" title="Avempace">Avempace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Tufayl" title="Ibn Tufayl">Ibn Tufayl</a>, etc. </p><p>Opmerkelijk is de belangrijke rol die vrouwen in hun samenleving speelden.<sup id="cite_ref-census_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De vrouwen onder de Almoraviden hadden veel vrijheid en stonden vaak in de positie om te regeren. Een voorbeeld daarvan is de vrouw van Almoravidenleider <a href="/wiki/Yusuf_ibn_Tashfin" title="Yusuf ibn Tashfin">Yusuf ibn Tashfin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zaynab_Nafzawiyyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zaynab Nafzawiyyat (de pagina bestaat niet)">Zaynab Nafzawiyyat</a>, die actief bezig was met het leiden van het rijk naast haar man. Ook onder de <a href="/wiki/Ziriden" title="Ziriden">Ziriden</a> (een andere <a href="/wiki/Sanhaja" title="Sanhaja">Sanhaja</a> groep) speelden vrouwen een belangrijke rol. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Buluggin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Buluggin (de pagina bestaat niet)">Ibn Buluggin</a>, de laatste Ziriden koning van <a href="/wiki/Granada_(stad)" title="Granada (stad)">Granada</a> schreef in <a href="/wiki/Autobiografie_van_Abd_Allah_ibn_Buluggin" class="mw-redirect" title="Autobiografie van Abd Allah ibn Buluggin">zijn beroemde autobiografie</a>, uitvoerig over de rol die vrouwen speelden in zijn gebieden en die van zijn voorouders.<sup id="cite_ref-lang_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lang-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hij beschreef hoe in belangrijke Berberse families de vrouwen bijeen kwamen en gezamenlijk politieke adviezen verkondigden, die vervolgens aan de leider werd voorgedragen. In <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</a> was er veel kritiek op de Berbers en hun omgang met vrouwen. </p><p>De Almoraviden ontwikkelden een eigen en unieke architecturale stijl. Weinig is daarvan overgebleven, omdat de Almohaden in hun veroveringen veel van deze gebouwen hebben vernietigd. Anders dan die van de <a href="/wiki/Almohaden" class="mw-redirect" title="Almohaden">Almohaden</a>, zijn gebouwen uit deze periode decoratief zeer uitbundig. De bekendste daarvan is de Grote Moskee van <a href="/wiki/Tlemcen_(stad)" title="Tlemcen (stad)">Tlemcen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Godsdienst">Godsdienst</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Godsdienst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Godsdienst"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Depiction_of_Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar_al-Lamtuni_(Catalan_Atlas)_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Depiction_of_Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar_al-Lamtuni_%28Catalan_Atlas%29_%281%29.jpg/260px-Depiction_of_Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar_al-Lamtuni_%28Catalan_Atlas%29_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Depiction_of_Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar_al-Lamtuni_%28Catalan_Atlas%29_%281%29.jpg/390px-Depiction_of_Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar_al-Lamtuni_%28Catalan_Atlas%29_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Depiction_of_Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar_al-Lamtuni_%28Catalan_Atlas%29_%281%29.jpg/520px-Depiction_of_Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar_al-Lamtuni_%28Catalan_Atlas%29_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1664" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption>Afbeelding van <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar" title="Abu Bakr ibn Umar">Abu Bakr ibn Umar al-Lamtuni</a> in de <a href="/wiki/Catalaanse_Atlas" title="Catalaanse Atlas">Catalaanse Atlas</a> (waarin hij "Rex Bubecar" wordt genoemd) in de omgeving van de rivier de <a href="/wiki/Senegal_(rivier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Senegal (rivier)">Senegal</a>, 1413. Abu Bakr was bekend om zijn veroveringen in Afrika.</figcaption></figure> <p>De Almoraviden hingen een strenge vorm van islam aan van de traditionele <a href="/wiki/Malikieten" title="Malikieten">maliki-school</a>. De Iberische taifa's zagen ze als hedonistisch. Er kwamen strengere lijfstraffen op het nalaten van geloofsvoorschriften. Ze verlichtten de belastingen op moslims, omdat ze veel daarvan als religieus ongeoorloofd zagen. Ze legden veel belang op de djihad, die volgens hen de opdracht van ibn Yasin insloot. Tussen 1070 en 1100 veranderde de opportunistische oorlogsvoering tussen islamitische en christelijke heersers in Iberië met bondgenootschappen over en weer toenemend in een godsdienstoorlog. </p><p>Ze herinvoerden ook een strenge handhaving van de dhimma-voorschriften in al-Andalus. Deze was deels gericht op het herstellen van traditionele islamitische richtlijnen zoals het verbod op wijn en deels op het aanscherpen van de grenzen tussen moslims en nietmoslims. De speciale belasting voor dhimmi's werd weer geïnd. Moslims mochten niet meer in dienst zijn als schoonmakers of badhuisbedienden van joodse of christelijke bazen. Joden en christenen mochten geen belangrijke publieke functies uitoefenen, mochten zich niet kleden als islamitische notabelen en moesten een merkteken dragen. Joden mochten niet meer als slagers werken voor moslims. Een prominent zichtbare kerk in Granada werd in 1099 verwoest. Veel christenen migreerden noordwaarts, vaak uit angst voor vergelding na samenwerking van een (deel van een) gemeenschap met christelijke aanvallers uit het noorden.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ook trokken joden uit al-Andalus weg, onder meer naar het noorden van Castilië of naar Noord-Afrika.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Blijvers stonden onder toegenomen druk, maar niet onder dwang van het Almoravidische gezag, om zich tot de islam te bekeren, waardoor de joodse en christelijke gemeenschappen in al-Andalus krompen. Daarentegen bleven de Almoraviden ook de rechtsbescherming, die de speciale status van dhimmi's inhield, erkennen, in tegenstelling tot de latere Almohaden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heersers">Heersers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Heersers" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Heersers"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1042-1043: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yahya_ibn_Umar_al-Lamtuni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yahya ibn Umar al-Lamtuni (de pagina bestaat niet)">Yahya ibn Umar al-Lamtuni</a></li> <li>1043-1055: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdallah_ibn_Yasin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdallah ibn Yasin (de pagina bestaat niet)">Abdallah ibn Yasin</a></li> <li>1055-1071: <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar" title="Abu Bakr ibn Umar">Abu Bakr ibn Umar</a></li> <li>1071-1106: <a href="/wiki/Yusuf_ibn_Tashfin" title="Yusuf ibn Tashfin">Yusuf ibn Tashfin</a></li> <li>1106-1143: <a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Yusuf" title="Ali ibn Yusuf">Ali ibn Yusuf</a></li> <li>1143-1145: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taschfin_ibn_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taschfin ibn Ali (de pagina bestaat niet)">Taschfin ibn Ali</a></li> <li>1145-1146: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim_ibn_Taschfin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibrahim ibn Taschfin (de pagina bestaat niet)">Ibrahim ibn Taschfin</a></li> <li>1146-1147: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishaq_ibn_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ishaq ibn Ali (de pagina bestaat niet)">Ishaq ibn Ali</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almoraviden&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis_van_Marokko" title="Geschiedenis van Marokko">Geschiedenis van Marokko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis_van_Algerije" title="Geschiedenis van Algerije">Geschiedenis van Algerije</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis_van_Spanje" title="Geschiedenis van Spanje">Geschiedenis van Spanje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis_van_Portugal" title="Geschiedenis van Portugal">Geschiedenis van Portugal</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFTurchin2006"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Turchin, Peter</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jwsr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/jwsr/article/view/369/381">East-West Orientation of Historical Empires</a> 222–223 (December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806083751/http://jwsr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/jwsr/article/view/369/381">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2020-08-06">6 augustus 2020</span>. Geraadpleegd op 1 August 2020. </span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-census_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islamicspain.tv/Andalusi-Society/WomenofAl-Andalus.htm">Vrouwen in Al-Andalus</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191101065905/http://www.islamicspain.tv:80/Andalusi-Society/WomenofAl-Andalus.htm">Gearchiveerd</a> op 1 november 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lang-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-lang_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.nl/books?id=ltcUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA260&lpg=PA260&dq=tibyan+zirid&source=bl&ots=fTMDXBbUQd&sig=OZewZswY4Udhqn9a7naNEaT7Mj0&hl=nl&ei=m89mTN2fKYuWOPD_zbgF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=women&f=false">Engelse vertaling van ´De Tibyan´</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Amira K. Bennison, Almoravid and Almohad Empires.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Maya Soifer Irish, Jews and Christians in Medieval Castile</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Almoravid_dynasty#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Almoravid dynasty">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" 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tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b><a href="/wiki/Marokkaanse_dynastie%C3%ABn" title="Marokkaanse dynastieën">Marokko</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Idrisiden" title="Idrisiden">Idrisiden</a> (780–974) · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Almoraviden</a> (1040–1147) · <a href="/wiki/Kalifaat_van_de_Almohaden" title="Kalifaat van de Almohaden">Almohaden</a> (1121–1269) · <a href="/wiki/Meriniden" title="Meriniden">Meriniden</a> (1244–1465) · <a href="/wiki/Wattasiden" title="Wattasiden">Wattasiden</a> (1465–1554) · <a href="/wiki/Saadidynastie" title="Saadidynastie">Saadiden</a> (1554–1659) · <a href="/wiki/Alaoui-dynastie" 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