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Net tonnage - Wikipedia

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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ship cargo space volume</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ship_diagram-numbers.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ship_diagram-numbers.svg/220px-Ship_diagram-numbers.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ship_diagram-numbers.svg/330px-Ship_diagram-numbers.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ship_diagram-numbers.svg/440px-Ship_diagram-numbers.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Net tonnage is calculated by measuring a ship's internal volume and applying mathematical formulae.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Net tonnage</b> (<b>NT</b>, <b>N.T.</b> or <b>nt</b>) is a dimensionless index calculated from the total moulded volume of the ship's cargo spaces by using a mathematical formula. Defined in <i>The International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships</i> that was adopted by the <a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Organization" title="International Maritime Organization">International Maritime Organization</a> in 1969, the net tonnage replaced the earlier <a href="/wiki/Net_register_tonnage" title="Net register tonnage">net register tonnage</a> (NRT) which denoted the volume of the ship's revenue-earning spaces in "register tons", units of volume equal to 100 cubic feet (2.83&#160;m<sup>3</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-stopford_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stopford-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Net tonnage is used to calculate the port duties and should not be taken as less than 30 per cent of the ship's <a href="/wiki/Gross_tonnage" title="Gross tonnage">gross tonnage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-imo_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Net tonnage is not a measure of the weight of the ship or its cargo, and should not be confused with terms such as <a href="/wiki/Deadweight_tonnage" title="Deadweight tonnage">deadweight tonnage</a> or <a href="/wiki/Displacement_(ship)" title="Displacement (ship)">displacement</a>. Also, unlike the net register tonnage, the net tonnage is unitless and thus can not be defined as "tons" or "net tons". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Net_tonnage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969 was adopted by IMO in 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-imo1982_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imo1982-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ships built before that date were given 12 years to migrate from their existing tonnage to use of NT and GT.<sup id="cite_ref-imo1982_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imo1982-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The phase-in period was provided to allow ships time to adjust economically, since tonnage is the basis for satisfying manning regulations and safety rules.<sup id="cite_ref-imo1982_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imo1982-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tonnage is also the basis for calculating registration fees and port dues.<sup id="cite_ref-imo1982_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imo1982-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> One of the Convention's goals was to ensure that the new units "did not differ too greatly" from the traditional GRT and NRT units.<sup id="cite_ref-imo1982_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imo1982-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both NT and GT are obtained by measuring ship's volume and then applying a mathematical formula.<sup id="cite_ref-imo1982_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imo1982-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Net tonnage is based on "the moulded volume of all cargo spaces of the ship" while <a href="/wiki/Gross_tonnage" title="Gross tonnage">gross tonnage</a> is based on "the moulded volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship".<sup id="cite_ref-imo1982_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imo1982-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In addition, a ship's net tonnage is constrained to be no less than 30% of her <a href="/wiki/Gross_tonnage" title="Gross tonnage">gross tonnage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-imo1982_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imo1982-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Calculation">Calculation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Net_tonnage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Calculation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Choice_of_draft_value">Choice of draft value</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Net_tonnage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Choice of draft value"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The net tonnage calculation is based on a number of factors, one of which is the moulded draft <i>d</i>. The choice of the value to use for <i>d</i> can be complicated. For ships subject to the <a href="/wiki/International_Convention_on_Load_Lines" title="International Convention on Load Lines">International Convention on Load Lines</a>, the Summer Load Line draft is used, with the exception of cases where that is a timber load line. For passenger ships, the draft used is the deepest subdivision load line assigned in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/International_Convention_for_the_Safety_of_Life_at_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea">International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea</a>. Otherwise, if a ship has been assigned a load line by its national government, the draft for that summer load line is used. If the ship has no load line, instead, a maximum draft assigned by its national government, that value is used, if it has been assigned a maximum. Finally, for a ship to which none of the above applies, the value of <i>d</i> is taken as 75 per cent of the moulded depth amidships. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="12_or_fewer_passengers">12 or fewer passengers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Net_tonnage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: 12 or fewer passengers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Net tonnage calculation is defined in Regulation 4 of Annex 1 of <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.admiraltylawguide.com/conven/tonnage1969.html">The International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969</a></i>. It is based on three main variables: </p> <ul><li><i>V<sub>c</sub></i>, the total volume of the ship's cargo spaces in cubic meters (m³),</li> <li><i>d</i>, the ship's moulded draft amidships in meters, and</li> <li><i>D</i>, the ship's moulded depth amidships in metres</li></ul> <p>The first step in calculating NT is to find the value known as <i>K<sub>2</sub></i>, a multiplier based on <i>V<sub>c</sub></i>. It is obtained by using the following formula: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K_{2}=0.2+0.02\times \log _{10}(V_{c})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>0.02</mn> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <msub> <mi>log</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x2061;<!-- ⁡ --></mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K_{2}=0.2+0.02\times \log _{10}(V_{c})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d9eb2eea68e8eab77bd9c2445ff2386e009e83cf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:27.869ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K_{2}=0.2+0.02\times \log _{10}(V_{c})}"></span> </p><p>And then these three values are used to calculate NT using this formula: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle NT=K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>N</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle NT=K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1c7443d7b808b9b0d70b2228459486f1de98da59" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.338ex; width:23.688ex; height:3.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle NT=K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"></span> </p><p>Where the factor <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/76bfcf75fc39e687ce8cbbe2d8647e03cb38a3eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.338ex; width:5.882ex; height:3.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"></span> will not exceed 1, the term <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/21416619f6ef7edbeb2c227c4630aecf47bf9fbc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.338ex; width:16.89ex; height:3.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"></span> will not be less than 0.25 GT, and the final value of NT shall not be taken as less than 0.30 GT. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="13_or_more_passengers">13 or more passengers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Net_tonnage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: 13 or more passengers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When calculating NT for ships certified to carry 13 or more passengers, an additional term is used in the NT formula. It is based on three additional variables: </p> <ul><li><i>GT</i>, the ship's <a href="/wiki/Gross_tonnage" title="Gross tonnage">gross tonnage</a>,</li> <li><i>N<sub>1</sub></i>, number of passengers in cabins with not more than 8 berths, and</li> <li><i>N<sub>2</sub></i>, number of other passengers,</li></ul> <p>First, a multiplier K<sub>3</sub>, based on the ship's <a href="/wiki/Gross_tonnage" title="Gross tonnage">gross tonnage</a> is found, </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K_{3}={\frac {1.25\times (GT+10000)}{10000}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>1.25</mn> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>10000</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mn>10000</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K_{3}={\frac {1.25\times (GT+10000)}{10000}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a0993ca1a4420e735e004d294ed182c5ab5b20be" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:27.861ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K_{3}={\frac {1.25\times (GT+10000)}{10000}}}"></span> </p><p>Then the net tonnage is calculated: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle NT=K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}+K_{3}\times (N_{1}+{\frac {N_{2}}{10}})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>N</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mn>10</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle NT=K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}+K_{3}\times (N_{1}+{\frac {N_{2}}{10}})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5560fc2fd2f2b38618532cba482a9809b1a5e010" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:43.723ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle NT=K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}+K_{3}\times (N_{1}+{\frac {N_{2}}{10}})}"></span> </p><p>Where the factor <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/76bfcf75fc39e687ce8cbbe2d8647e03cb38a3eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.338ex; width:5.882ex; height:3.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"></span> shall not be taken as greater than unity, the term <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/21416619f6ef7edbeb2c227c4630aecf47bf9fbc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.338ex; width:16.89ex; height:3.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K_{2}\times V_{c}\times ({\tfrac {4d}{3D}})^{2}}"></span> will not be less than 0.25 GT, and the final value of NT shall not be taken as less than 0.30 GT. </p><p>The difference between the cases of 12 of fewer passengers and 13 or more passengers is due to a restriction given in the net tonnage definition that states "...when N<sub>1</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> is less than 13, N<sub>1</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> shall be taken as zero." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Net_tonnage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, net tonnage is used to determine eligibility for registering boats with the federal government. Vessels with net tonnage of five or more are eligible for federal registration and not required to display state registration numbers. Most vessels longer than 25 feet (7.6&#160;m) have net tonnage of five or more.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Net_tonnage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStopford2009" class="citation cs2">Stopford, Martin (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tfsC6RUDn2QC"><i>Maritime Economics</i></a>, Taylor &amp; Francis, p.&#160;752, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415275576" title="Special:BookSources/9780415275576"><bdi>9780415275576</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-10-17</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Maritime+Economics&amp;rft.pages=752&amp;rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=9780415275576&amp;rft.aulast=Stopford&amp;rft.aufirst=Martin&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtfsC6RUDn2QC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANet+tonnage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imo-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-imo_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imo.org/About/Conventions/ListOfConventions/Pages/International-Convention-on-Tonnage-Measurement-of-Ships.aspx">International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131202230912/http://www.imo.org/about/conventions/listofconventions/pages/international-convention-on-tonnage-measurement-of-ships.aspx">Archived</a> 2013-12-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. International Maritime Organization (IMO). <span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved&#32;2011-10-17<span style="font-size: 90%; color: #555"></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imo1982-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-imo1982_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imo1982_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imo1982_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imo1982_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imo1982_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imo1982_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imo1982_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imo1982_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">International Maritime Organization, 1982.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/nvdc/nvdcfaq.asp#02">"USCG National Vessel Documentation Center, FAQ Page"</a>. <i>uscg.mil</i>. 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=uscg.mil&amp;rft.atitle=USCG+National+Vessel+Documentation+Center%2C+FAQ+Page&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uscg.mil%2Fhq%2Fcg5%2Fnvdc%2Fnvdcfaq.asp%2302&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANet+tonnage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Net_tonnage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.admiraltylawguide.com/conven/tonnage1969.html">"International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969"</a>. 1969-06-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=International+Convention+on+Tonnage+Measurement+of+Ships%2C+1969&amp;rft.date=1969-06-23&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.admiraltylawguide.com%2Fconven%2Ftonnage1969.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANet+tonnage" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Maritime_Organization2002" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Organization" title="International Maritime Organization">International Maritime Organization</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090707134036/http://www.imo.org/Conventions/contents.asp?doc_id=685&amp;topic_id=259">"International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969"</a>. International Maritime Organization. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imo.org/Conventions/contents.asp?topic_id=259&amp;doc_id=685">the original</a> on 2009-07-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=International+Convention+on+Tonnage+Measurement+of+Ships%2C+1969&amp;rft.pub=International+Maritime+Organization&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.au=International+Maritime+Organization&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imo.org%2FConventions%2Fcontents.asp%3Ftopic_id%3D259%26doc_id%3D685&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANet+tonnage" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHayler2003" class="citation book cs1">Hayler, William B. (2003). <i>American Merchant Seaman's Manual</i>. Cornell Maritime Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87033-549-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87033-549-9"><bdi>0-87033-549-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=American+Merchant+Seaman%27s+Manual&amp;rft.pub=Cornell+Maritime+Press&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=0-87033-549-9&amp;rft.aulast=Hayler&amp;rft.aufirst=William+B.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANet+tonnage" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh1999" class="citation journal cs1">Singh, Baljit (July 11, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tribuneindia.com/1999/99jul11/sunday/head3.htm">"The world's biggest ship"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-04-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&amp;rft.atitle=The+world%27s+biggest+ship&amp;rft.date=1999-07-11&amp;rft.aulast=Singh&amp;rft.aufirst=Baljit&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2F1999%2F99jul11%2Fsunday%2Fhead3.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANet+tonnage" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurpinMcEwen,_William_A.1980" class="citation book cs1">Turpin, Edward A.; McEwen, William A. (1980). <i>Merchant Marine Officers' Handbook</i> (4th&#160;ed.). Centreville, MD: Cornell Maritime Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87033-056-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-87033-056-X"><bdi>0-87033-056-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Merchant+Marine+Officers%27+Handbook&amp;rft.place=Centreville%2C+MD&amp;rft.edition=4th&amp;rft.pub=Cornell+Maritime+Press&amp;rft.date=1980&amp;rft.isbn=0-87033-056-X&amp;rft.aulast=Turpin&amp;rft.aufirst=Edward+A.&amp;rft.au=McEwen%2C+William+A.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANet+tonnage" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Ship_measurements" title="Template:Ship measurements"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ship_measurements" title="Template talk:Ship measurements"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ship_measurements" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ship measurements"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ship_measurements" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ship_measurements" title="Ship measurements">Ship measurements</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Length</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Length_overall" title="Length overall">Length overall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Length_between_perpendiculars" title="Length between perpendiculars">Length between perpendiculars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterline_length" title="Waterline length">Length at the waterline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breadth</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beam_(nautical)" title="Beam (nautical)">Beam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Depth</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draft_(hull)" title="Draft (hull)">Draft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hull_(watercraft)#Metrics" title="Hull (watercraft)">Moulded depth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeboard_(nautical)" title="Freeboard (nautical)">Freeboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Load_line_(watercraft)" title="Load line (watercraft)">Load line (Plimsoll Line)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under_keel_clearance" title="Under keel clearance">Under keel clearance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Height</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_draft" title="Air draft">Air draft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Volume</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Worldwide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tonnage" title="Tonnage">Tonnage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gross_tonnage" title="Gross tonnage">Gross tonnage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compensated_gross_tonnage" title="Compensated gross tonnage">Compensated gross tonnage</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Net tonnage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Specialized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thames_Measurement" title="Thames Measurement">Thames measurement tonnage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Archaic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gross_register_tonnage" title="Gross register tonnage">Gross register tonnage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_register_tonnage" title="Net register tonnage">Net register tonnage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Capacity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Current" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deadweight_tonnage" title="Deadweight tonnage">Deadweight tonnage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-foot_equivalent_unit" title="Twenty-foot equivalent unit">Twenty-foot equivalent unit</a> (<a href="/wiki/Intermodal_container" title="Intermodal container">Intermodal containers</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Archaic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Builder%27s_Old_Measurement" title="Builder&#39;s Old Measurement">Builder's Old Measurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorsom_System" title="Moorsom System">Moorsom System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Weight</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Displacement_(ship)" title="Displacement (ship)">Displacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Displacement_(ship)#Loaded_displacement" title="Displacement (ship)">Loaded displacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Displacement_(ship)#Standard_displacement" title="Displacement (ship)">Standard displacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Displacement_(ship)#Light_displacement" title="Displacement (ship)">Light displacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Displacement_(ship)#Normal_displacement" title="Displacement (ship)">Normal displacement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stability</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inclining_test" title="Inclining test">Inclining test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angle_of_list" title="Angle of list">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angle_of_loll" title="Angle of loll">Angle of loll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metacentric_height" title="Metacentric height">Metacentric height (GM)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cargo_ship#Size_categories" title="Cargo ship">Limits</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aframax" title="Aframax">Aframax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimax" title="Baltimax">Baltimax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capesize" title="Capesize">Capesize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinamax" title="Chinamax">Chinamax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handymax" title="Handymax">Handymax/Supramax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handysize" title="Handysize">Handysize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaccamax" title="Malaccamax">Malaccamax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamax" title="Panamax">Panamax</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panamax#Neopanamax" title="Panamax">§&#160;Neopanamax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9niche_(barge)" title="Péniche (barge)">Péniche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-Max" title="Q-Max">Q-Max</a> (Qatar-max)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seawaymax" title="Seawaymax">Seawaymax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suezmax" title="Suezmax">Suezmax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_tanker#Size_categories" title="Oil tanker">VLCC and ULCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamalmax" 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