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<li id="toc-Joseph_Calasanz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joseph_Calasanz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Joseph Calasanz</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joseph_Calasanz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expansion_of_the_order" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion_of_the_order"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Expansion of the order</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion_of_the_order-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Order_of_Poor_Clerics_Regular_of_the_Mother_of_God_of_the_Pious_Schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Order_of_Poor_Clerics_Regular_of_the_Mother_of_God_of_the_Pious_Schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Order_of_Poor_Clerics_Regular_of_the_Mother_of_God_of_the_Pious_Schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motto" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motto"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Motto</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Piarists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Piarists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable Piarists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Piarists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_students_of_Piarist_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_students_of_Piarist_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notable students of Piarist schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_students_of_Piarist_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sources and references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Піяры – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Піяры" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Піяры – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Піяры" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clergues_Regulars_de_les_Escoles_Pies" title="Clergues Regulars de les Escoles Pies – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Clergues Regulars de les Escoles Pies" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_zbo%C5%BEn%C3%BDch_%C5%A1kol" title="Řád zbožných škol – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Řád zbožných škol" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolopi" title="Scolopi – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Scolopi" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piarister" title="Piarister – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Piarister" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaristen" title="Piaristen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Piaristen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escolapios" title="Escolapios – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escolapios" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaristoj" title="Piaristoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Piaristoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskolapio" title="Eskolapio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eskolapio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clercs_r%C3%A9guliers_de_la_M%C3%A8re_de_Dieu_pour_les_%C3%A9coles_pies" title="Clercs réguliers de la Mère de Dieu pour les écoles pies – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Clercs réguliers de la Mère de Dieu pour les écoles pies" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolops" title="Scolops – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Scolops" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaris" title="Piaris – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Piaris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chierici_regolari_poveri_della_Madre_di_Dio_delle_scuole_pie" title="Chierici regolari poveri della Madre di Dio delle scuole pie – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chierici regolari poveri della Madre di Dio delle scuole pie" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9D" title="פיאריסטים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיאריסטים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%B4k%C3%B2n_Pijar%C3%B3w" title="Zôkòn Pijarów – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Zôkòn Pijarów" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waskolopi" title="Waskolopi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Waskolopi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordo_Clericorum_Regularium_Pauperum_Matris_Dei_Scholarum_Piarum" title="Ordo Clericorum Regularium Pauperum Matris Dei Scholarum Piarum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ordo Clericorum Regularium Pauperum Matris Dei Scholarum Piarum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pijorai" title="Pijorai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pijorai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolopi" title="Scolopi – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Scolopi" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piarist%C3%A1k" title="Piaristák – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Piaristák" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaristen" title="Piaristen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Piaristen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%83%94%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B9%E4%BF%AE%E9%81%93%E4%BC%9A" title="エスコラピオス修道会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エスコラピオス修道会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolopi" title="Scolopi – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Scolopi" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaristene" title="Piaristene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Piaristene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolop" title="Scolop – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Scolop" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pijarzy" title="Pijarzy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pijarzy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A1pios" title="Escolápios – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escolápios" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinul_Piarist" title="Ordinul Piarist – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ordinul Piarist" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Пиаристы – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Пиаристы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Пиаристы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пиаристы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculopi" title="Sculopi – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sculopi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reho%C4%BEa_chudobn%C3%BDch_regul%C3%A1rnych_klerikov_Bo%C5%BEej_Matky_Zbo%C5%BEn%C3%BDch_%C5%A1k%C3%B4l" title="Rehoľa chudobných regulárnych klerikov Božej Matky Zbožných škôl – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rehoľa chudobných regulárnych klerikov Božej Matky Zbožných škôl" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Пијаристи – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пијаристи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pijaristi" title="Pijaristi – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pijaristi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaristit" title="Piaristit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Piaristit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piarister" title="Piarister – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Piarister" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Піари – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Піари" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolopi" title="Scolopi – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Scolopi" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q273894#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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.geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Piarists&params=41_53_50.5_N_12_28_24.33_E_region:IT_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°53′50.5″N</span> <span class="longitude">12°28′24.33″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.897361°N 12.4734250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.897361; 12.4734250</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Religious order</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Ordo Clericorum Regularium Pauperum Matris Dei Scholarum Piarum</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piarist.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Piarist.svg/175px-Piarist.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Piarist.svg/263px-Piarist.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Piarist.svg/350px-Piarist.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1124" data-file-height="1126" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">SchP, SP</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Nickname</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Piarists</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">25 March March 25, 1617<span class="noprint"><br />(407 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">March 25, 1617-03-25</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data">Saint Fr. <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Calasanz" title="Joseph Calasanz">Joseph Calasanz</a>, Sch. P.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_religious_order" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic religious order">Catholic religious</a> & <a href="/wiki/Mendicant_orders" title="Mendicant orders">Mendicant order</a> of <a href="/wiki/Clerics_Regular" class="mw-redirect" title="Clerics Regular">Clerics Regular</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_right" title="Pontifical right">pontifical right</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data">Piazza dei Massimi, 4, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Piarists&params=41_53_50.5_N_12_28_24.33_E_region:IT_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°53′50.5″N</span> <span class="longitude">12°28′24.33″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.897361°N 12.4734250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.897361; 12.4734250</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Membership </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,356 members (includes 945 priests) as of 2020</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Superior General</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Fr. Pedro Aguado Cuesta, SchP<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent organization</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scolopi.org">scolopi<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Piarists</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>), officially named the <b>Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Ordo Clericorum Regularium pauperum Matris Dei Scholarum Piarum</i>), abbreviated <b>SchP</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Religious_order_(Catholic)" title="Religious order (Catholic)">religious order</a> of <a href="/wiki/Clerics_regular" class="mw-redirect" title="Clerics regular">clerics regular</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> founded in 1617 by Spanish priest <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Calasanz" title="Joseph Calasanz">Joseph Calasanz</a>. It is the oldest religious order dedicated to education, and the main occupation of the Piarist fathers is teaching children and youth, the primary goal being to provide free education for poor children. The Piarist practice was to become a model for numerous later Catholic societies devoted to teaching, while some state-supported public school systems in Europe also followed their example. The Piarists have had a considerable success in the education of physically or mentally disabled persons. Notable individuals who have taught at Piarist schools include <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX" title="Pope Pius IX">Pope Pius IX</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Goya" title="Francisco Goya">Goya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schubert" class="mw-redirect" title="Schubert">Schubert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregor_Mendel" title="Gregor Mendel">Gregor Mendel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko">Tadeusz Kościuszko</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Victor Hugo</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joseph_Calasanz">Joseph Calasanz</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Joseph Calasanz"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Calasanz" title="Joseph Calasanz">Joseph Calasanz</a>, a native of Peralta de la Sal in the Spanish province of <a href="/wiki/Huesca" title="Huesca">Huesca</a> in <a href="/wiki/Aragon" title="Aragon">Aragon</a>, was born on 11 September 1557. He was the youngest of eight children, and he studied at <a href="/wiki/Lleida" title="Lleida">Lleida</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares" title="Alcalá de Henares">Alcalá</a>, and after his ordination to the priesthood on 17 December 1583, by the Bishop of Urgel, he moved to Rome (1592) where he organized, in 1607, a brotherhood. In November 1597, he opened the first free public school in Europe at Santa Dorotea. While it was considered a school of the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, it was unique from the 22 other schools of the Confraternity, which just taught Catechism classes. The school opened by Calasanz also taught secular subjects. The Pious Schools expanded and were financially supported by Popes Clement VIII and Paul V. St. Joseph suffered a crippling accident, but it did not stop him.<sup id="cite_ref-mershman_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mershman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 March 1617, the Piarist Fathers became an independent congregation called the "Pauline Congregation of the Poor of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools" when Pope Paul V issued his brief "Ad ea per quae." On 25 March 1617, Calasanz and fourteen other priests became the first members of the new community when they received the religious habit.<sup id="cite_ref-appalachian_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-appalachian-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Calasanz was placed in charge of the new congregation, and he changed his name to Joseph of the Mother of God, thus inaugurating the practice of dropping the family name on entering the religious life.<sup id="cite_ref-piarist_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-piarist-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new congregation was the first religious institute dedicated to teaching. To the three usual vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, the new congregation added a fourth vow, that of dedication to the Christian education of youth, especially the poor. </p><p>Soon the Pious Schools began to expand outside of Rome. In June 1616, Calasanz opened a foundation of the Pious Schools at Tusculo in the summer resort of Frascati. The school, which is still in operation, opened in August 1616, and Calasanz brought to it a painting of the Mother of God, Our Lady of Grace. He then opened schools in Narni (1618), which is located 42 miles from Rome and is where he completed writing his Constitutions, Moricone (1619), Magliano (1620), and Norcia, Carcare, and Fonano (all 1621). </p><p>The congregation received papal approval on 18 November 1621 by a <a href="/wiki/Papal_brief" title="Papal brief">brief</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XV" title="Pope Gregory XV">Pope Gregory XV</a>, under the name of <i>Congregatio Clericorum Regularium Pauperum Matris Dei Scholarum Piarum</i>. The term "Pauline" was omitted by this pope, although it had been part of the original name due to <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_V" title="Pope Paul V">Pope Paul V</a>. The constitutions were approved 31 January 1622 by Gregory XV, and had all the privileges of the <a href="/wiki/Mendicant_orders" title="Mendicant orders">mendicant orders</a> conferred upon it, Calasanz being recognized as general superior, his four assistants being Blessed Pietro Casani, Viviano Vivani, Francesco Castelli and Paolo Ottonelli. On 7 May of the same year the novitiate of St. Onofrio was opened. </p><p>The Order began growing rapidly. It soon expanded into Liguria, and between 1621 and 1632, established schools at Carcare, Savona, two at Genoa, and a short-lived one at Carmagnola. The first Piarist province was established in 1623 in Liguria. The Roman Province would be formally established in 1626. Meanwhile, in Rome, Cardinal Tonti gave a property to St. Joseph, which opened in 1630 with 8 students as Collegio Nazareno. It soon became the flagship school of the Pious Schools in Rome. There was a failed attempt in 1625 to establish schools in Naples, but after another attempt, the province of Naples would be established in 1627. Between 1630 and 1641), several schools were opened in Tuscany. They were closed briefly following an outbreak of the plague, but they were soon reopened, and Tuscany would become a province in 1630. One of the most famous of these schools was the school at Abacus, which emphasized mathematics and science. It also offered an Algebra course for adults, and it opened a School for Nobles. The four Italian provinces were to merge into a single Italian Province in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-Bau_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bau-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Outside Italy, the Pious schools expanded into Central Europe. Cardinal Dietrichstein invited the Pious Schools to come to Moravia, which is now part of the Czech Republic. On 2 April 1631, the Laurentine School was opened in Nikolsburg (<a href="/wiki/Mikulov" title="Mikulov">Mikulov</a>) with eight teachers and nine students. Within a week the number of students increased to sixteen, and within a month there were over 100 students. In 1634, a novitiate was opened in <a href="/wiki/Lipn%C3%ADk_nad_Be%C4%8Dvou" title="Lipník nad Bečvou">Lipník nad Bečvou</a>, and in 1640 a school was opened in <a href="/wiki/Litomysl" class="mw-redirect" title="Litomysl">Litomysl</a> in Bohemia. The first Piarist province established outside of Italy was the province of Bohemia and Moravia, which was established in 1634. <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Ossoli%C5%84ski" title="Jerzy Ossoliński">Jerzy Ossoliński</a> was instrumental in bringing the Pious Schools into Poland and Hungary, which soon became the countries with the two largest number of Piarist Foundations in Central Europe, with 28 foundations in Poland and 29 in Hungary. In 1642, King Ladislaus IV invited the Pious Schools to establish a foundation in <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>, followed by a school in <a href="/wiki/Podolinec" class="mw-redirect" title="Podolinec">Podolinec</a>. The Piarist Province of Germany and Poland was established in 1642. Prince <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Lubomirski_(1583%E2%80%931649)" title="Stanisław Lubomirski (1583–1649)">Stanisław Lubomirski</a> introduced the Order into Poland, and he is considered the creator of the province of Hungary, which came about from the school in Podolinec, located on the boundary line with Poland. The first Piarist school was opened in Hungary in 1642. </p><p>The Pious Schools next expanded to the two major islands off the coast of Italy where they opened houses in Palermo and Messina in Sicily and then opened two houses at Cagliari in Sardinia. There was one attempt to open a house in the homeland of the founder during his lifetime. In 1637, the order tried to open a house in Guissona in Spain, but the first actual house to open in Spain opened forty years later, in 1677, in Barbastro. The first Spanish province was the province of Aragon, which was established in 1742. The Province of Catalonia was established in 1751, as was the province of Austria. Three more provinces would be added in Spain, one in each of the next three centuries: Castile (1753), Valencia (1833), and Vasconia (1933). Added to them was the General Delegation of Spain in 1929.<sup id="cite_ref-General_Catalogue_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-General_Catalogue-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pedagogical ideal of Calasanz of educating every child, his schools for the poor, his support of the heliocentric sciences of <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a>, the scandals and persecutions of some of his detractors, and his life of sanctity in the service of children and youth, carried with them the opposition of many among the governing classes in society and in the ecclesiastical hierarchy. In 1642, as a result of an internal crisis in the Order and outside intrigues and pressures, Calasanz was briefly held and interrogated by the <a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Inquisition</a>. According to Karen Liebreich, problems were exacerbated by Father Stefano Cherubini, originally headmaster of the Piarist school in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> who sexually abused the pupils in his care. Father Stefano made no secret about at least some of his transgressions, and Calasanz came to know of them. Unfortunately for Calasanz as administrator of the order, Cherubini was the son and the brother of powerful papal lawyers; no one wanted to offend the Cherubini family. Cherubini pointed out that if allegations of his abuse of his boys became public, actions would be taken to destroy the Piarists. Calasanz, therefore, promoted Cherubini, to get him away from the scene of the crime, citing as the motive only his luxurious diet and failure to attend prayers. However, he knew what Cherubini had really been up to, and he wrote that the sole aim of the plan "... is to cover up this great shame in order that it does not come to the notice of our superiors."<sup id="cite_ref-liebreich_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-liebreich-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Superiors in Rome may have suspected, but it seems that they also bowed to the same family ties that had bound Calasanz. Cherubini became visitor-general for the Piarists, able to conduct himself just as he wanted in any school he visited. The Piarists became entangled in Church politics, and partially because they were associated with Galileo, were opposed by the <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a>. (Galileo's views also involved <a href="/wiki/Atomism" title="Atomism">atomism</a>, and was thought to have heretical ramifications regarding <a href="/wiki/Transubstantiation" title="Transubstantiation">transubstantiation</a>.) The support for Cherubini was broad enough that in 1643, he was made the head of the order and the elderly Calasanz was pushed aside. Upon this appointment, Calasanz publicly documented Cherubini's long pattern of child molestation, a pattern that he had known about for years. Even this did not block Cherubini's appointment, but other members of the order were indignant about it, although they may have objected to Cherubini's more overt shortcomings.<sup id="cite_ref-liebreich_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-liebreich-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With such dissension, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> took the easy course of suppressing the order. In 1646, the order was deprived of its privileges by Pope <a href="/wiki/Innocent_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Innocent X">Innocent X</a>, but the order was restored ten years later by Pope Alexander VIII. </p><p>Joseph Calasanz, died on 25 August 1648. He was <a href="/wiki/Beatified" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatified">beatified</a> in 1748, and <a href="/wiki/Canonized" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonized">canonized</a> in 1767. He was declared "Universal Patron of all the Christian popular schools in the world" by Pope Pius XII, in 1948, because he had the glory of opening "the first free tuition, popular, public school in Europe" (Von Pastor) and had proclaimed the right to education of all children, fought for it, and was persecuted because of this. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expansion_of_the_order">Expansion of the order</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Expansion of the order"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Piarists first established a community outside the continent of Europe in 1767 when the Piarist Father Basilio Sancho was appointed as the 17th Archbishop of Manila in 1765, having been recommended for the position by King Charles III. Sancho and four other Piarists arrived in Manila in March 1767. The four other Piarists helped Sancho plan the First Provincial Synod of Manila. Sancho established a diocesan seminary in which the first native diocesan priests were trained. The Piarists worked in the seminary as well as at St. Joseph's School, which had previously been run by the Jesuits. Following Sancho's death in 1787, the Piarists returned to Spain. They wouldn't return to the Philippines until 1995, and they now<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (January 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> have communities on the islands of Luzon, Cebu, and Mindanao.<sup id="cite_ref-Philippines_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philippines-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two attempts were made to establish a Piarist presence in the Caribbean in the 19th century. Following the Spanish War of Independence, which ended in 1812, many Piarists left Spain and went to Cuba, where they worked in various ministries. Bishop Anthony M. Claret asked the Piarists to establish a college for the formation of Cuban teachers in Guanabacoa, and the first canonical foundation established in the Americas was in Cuba in 1857. In 1941, the first Piarist Cuban novitiate was opened in Guanabacoa, all previous Cuban novices having gone to Spain for their novitiate. In 1897, the Piarists established the first teacher's college in Puerto Rico in Santurce, but the fathers returned to Spain following the Spanish–American War. The Piarists would return to Puerto Rico in June 1956 to work at Our Lady of Montserrat parish in Salinas and at The Catholic University of Puerto Rico in 1960. The parish was quite large with 20,000 parishioners, and after the Piarists left the parish in 1961, eight Piarists began teaching Cuban refugee children. The Provincial Delegation of New York and Puerto Rico was erected on 30 August 1960, and the House of Ponce was canonically established on 26 November 1960. The Piarists opened a community in San Juan in 1966. </p><p>Meanwhile, the Piarists from Spain began establishing communities throughout Central and South America, establishing vice-provinces in Colombia (1956), Brasil (1958), Central America (1960), Chile (1960), and Venezuela (1960). The first Piarist Province in the Americas was established in 1964 in Argentina, which was followed by the establishment of the Piarist Province of the United States (1975) and Mexico (1990). The Piarists established a presence in Bolivia in 1992, which became a Vicariate in 2007. In 2017, the Piarists opened a House in Peru. </p><p>The Piarists established their first school in the United States in New Orleans in the early 20th century, but it did not last long. They would try again in New Orleans in 1963, but after one year they departed. It would not be until the beginning of World War II that they would succeed in establishing a foundation in the United States. In the summer of 1940, a Spanish Piarist, Fr. Enrique Pobla went to Los Angeles to examine the possibilities for a foundation. In October 1944, Archbishop John Cantwell of Los Angeles offered the Piarists the care of St. Martha Parish in Vernon, and Fr. Pobla celebrated his first Mass at the parish on the Saturday before the Solemnity of Christ the King. In May 1947, the Piarists were offered the care of Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish in Pasadena, and in 1951, the Archbishop entrusted to them Mary Help of Christians Parish in east Los Angeles. The rectory was too small, so in 1953, they purchased a house near the parish for $15,500. It was the first property owned by the Piarists in California. In 1955, Fr. Angel Torra became the first Piarist assigned to teach at a diocesan high school. In 1960, Cardinal McIntyre entrusted them with St. Bernard High School in Playa del Rey.<sup id="cite_ref-Burgues_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burgues-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the second world war, Piarists from eastern Europe were sent to the United States, with the first four arriving in Los Angeles in 1949, but the archbishop said that he did not have work for them to do since they could not speak English well. Meanwhile, Bishop John O'Hara of Buffalo was contacted by two different Piarists and said that he would welcome the Piarists into his diocese. Father Joseph Batori arrived in New York City on 16 June 1949, and after a couple of days left for Lackawanna, where there were many Hungarian refugees living in the area. He was assigned to St. Thomas Aquinas Parish, where he celebrated daily Mass and assisted on weekends, and he taught Latin at Bishop Timon, a diocesan high school. More Hungarian Piarists soon arrived, and after the summer of 1950, Bishop O'Hara offered the Piarists the use of a farmhouse in Lackawanna. By the end of the year, there were eleven Piarists (nine from Hungary and two from Poland) living in the farmhouse as a community, and they called themselves "The Founding Fathers." Father Batori found a house that he liked in Derby, that had been designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, and in 1951, it became the first canonical Piarist house. On 8 May 1954, Father Louis Kovari became the first Piarist ordained in the United States. That same year, the Piarists established a House of Studies in Washington, D.C., and the following year, the Piarists bought the former Lea Estate in Devon, PA and opened <a href="/wiki/Devon_Preparatory_School" title="Devon Preparatory School">Devon Preparatory School</a> in it the following year. The following year, the Piarists opened a School for Gifted Children in Buffalo. In 1961, Bishop Coleman Carroll of Miami offered the Piarists Cardinal Gibbons High School, which had just been built in Fort Lauderdale. The Province of the U.S.A. was established in 1975, and in 2011 it merged with the Vice Province of New York and Puerto Rico to become the province of the United States and Puerto Rico. In 1990, Back in New York City, in 1953, the Piarists were given permission to reside in the rectory of St. Nicholas Church, and in 1957, Cardinal Spellman gave his permission to create a canonical house. The Piarists bought the building, and they owned it until 1978 when they were entrusted with Annunciation Parish in upper Manhattan. The Piarists were entrusted with St. Helena Parish and St. Helena School in the Bronx in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-Burgues_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burgues-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Africa is the most recentcontinent on which the Piarists established communities and schools. The Piarists first went to Africa in 1963, establishing an apostolic mission in Senegal, which became a vice-province in 1997 and then part of the West African province in 2013, along with Guinea-Gabon. They began working in Equatorial Guinea in 1970, and in 1990, some priests from Poland began working in the Cameroon, which became a vicariate in 2000, a vice-province in 2007, and the Central African province in 2013. The two newest African countries in which the Piarists opened communities are the Congo in 2014 and Mozambique in 2017. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Order_of_Poor_Clerics_Regular_of_the_Mother_of_God_of_the_Pious_Schools">Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The order was restored in 1656 by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_VIII" title="Pope Alexander VIII">Pope Alexander VIII</a> who revived the congregation but without its earlier privileges, such as <a href="/wiki/Solemn_vows" class="mw-redirect" title="Solemn vows">solemn vows</a> granted by Gregory XV and added to the <a href="/wiki/Simple_vows" class="mw-redirect" title="Simple vows">simple vows</a> an oath of perseverance in the congregation. In addition to the usual three vows of <a href="/wiki/Poverty,_chastity,_and_obedience" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty, chastity, and obedience">poverty, chastity, and obedience</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-appalachian_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-appalachian-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The privileges of the order were successively restored in 1660, 1669 and 1698. In 1669, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_IX" title="Pope Clement IX">Pope Clement IX</a> restored the Piarists to the condition of regulars.<sup id="cite_ref-piarist_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-piarist-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Piarists are exempt from episcopal jurisdiction and subject only to their <a href="/wiki/General_superior" class="mw-redirect" title="General superior">general superior</a>, who is elected every six years by the general chapter. A general procurator with four assistants resides at Rome. In virtue of a brief of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander VIII">Alexander VIII</a> (1690) they ceased to be <a href="/wiki/Discalced" title="Discalced">discalced</a>. The members are divided into professed, novices and lay brethren. </p><p>Their habit is very similar to that of the Jesuits, a cassock closed in front and a cincture with hanging bands on the left side, although they usually follow the local customs regarding clerical apparel. Their two mottos are <i>Ad majus pietatis incrementum</i> ("For the greater growth of piety")<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Pietas et Litterae</i> (“Piety and learning").<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, there are over 1,400 Piarist religious found chiefly in Italy, Spain, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Latin America, West Africa, India, and the Philippines. There is also a growing number of Piarist lay associates. The Order is currently present on five continents (Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, and South America) and in 36 countries. </p><p>In 2017, the Order will celebrate the 400th anniversary of the establishment of the religious community on 25 March 1617, as well as the 250th anniversary of the canonization of Saint Joseph Calasanz, which took place on 17 July 1767. Pope Francis imparted a special Apostolic Blessing on 27 November 2016, the opening day of the Jubilee Year. He also declared that a special Plenary Indulgence would be granted in all churches, chapels, shrines, and parishes where the Piarist Fathers are present to all of the faithful on the occasion of a jubilee celebration, provided they have fulfilled the other necessary requirements to gain the indulgence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the course of study was regulated by the state, a Piarist establishment contained nine classes: reading, writing, elementary mathematics, <i>schola parva</i> or <i>rudimentorum</i>, <i>schola principiorum</i>, grammatica, syntaxis, humanitas or poesis and rhetorica. </p><p>One of the most famous Piarists, priest <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Konarski" title="Stanisław Konarski">Stanisław Konarski</a>, was the reformer of the Polish education system in the 18th century. To honor his faithful duty, the Polish King <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_August_Poniatowski" title="Stanisław August Poniatowski">Stanisław August Poniatowski</a> created the <i>Sapere Auso</i> medal. </p><p>The order's influence led to the subsequent establishment of many other congregations dedicated to education. There are eleven religious teaching orders now in existence that are based on Calasanz's ideas. The founder and order have also had influence on many great educators, such as Saint <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_de_la_Salle" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Baptiste de la Salle">Jean-Baptiste de la Salle</a> in the eighteenth century, and Saint <a href="/wiki/John_Bosco" title="John Bosco">John Bosco</a>, his great admirer, in the nineteenth century. The influence of the pious schools served as the model for state public school systems in some European countries. The order has educated many important figures in modern history, including a number of saints like Saint <a href="/wiki/John_Neumann" title="John Neumann">John Neumann</a> and Saint <a href="/wiki/Josemar%C3%ADa_Escriv%C3%A1" title="Josemaría Escrivá">Josemaría Escrivá</a>, figures like Pope Pius IX, Victor Hugo, Haydn, Schubert, Johann Mendel. </p><p>Piarist Gymnasium in Budapest is noted for a number of exceptional students, two of them <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> winners, <a href="/wiki/George_de_Hevesy" title="George de Hevesy">George de Hevesy</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Andrew_Olah" title="George Andrew Olah">George Olah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gymnasium_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gymnasium-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motto">Motto</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Motto"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The motto of the Piarist Fathers is "Pietas et Litterae" (Piety and Learning), and at the bottom of most Piarist documents are the initials "AMPI," which when translated mean "For the Glory of God and the Service of our Neighbor.” The special Piarist motto for the 400th anniversary jubilee year in 2017 is "to educate, announce, and to transform.".<sup id="cite_ref-usa_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usa-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Piarists">Notable Piarists</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notable Piarists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottavio_Assarotti" title="Ottavio Assarotti">Ottavio Assarotti</a>, Italian philanthropist and founder of the first Italian school for the deaf</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Konarski" title="Stanisław Konarski">Stanisław Konarski</a> (d. 1773), famous Polish pedagogue, reformer of education;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Inghirami" title="Giovanni Inghirami">Giovanni Inghirami</a> (d. 1851), astronomer;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Ehrlich" title="Johann Nepomuk Ehrlich">Johann Nepomuk Ehrlich</a> (d. 1864), professor of theology at the <a href="/wiki/Charles_University_in_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles University in Prague">University of Prague</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Balducci" title="Ernesto Balducci">Ernesto Balducci</a>, author, philosopher and peace activist;</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_students_of_Piarist_schools">Notable students of Piarist schools</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notable students of Piarist schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_De%C3%A1k_(politician)" title="Ferenc Deák (politician)">Ferenc Deák</a> (1803-1876) Hungarian statesman and minister of justice</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9ter_Esterh%C3%A1zy" title="Péter Esterházy">Péter Esterházy</a> (1950-2016) Hungarian writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lor%C3%A1nd_E%C3%B6tv%C3%B6s" title="Loránd Eötvös">Loránd Eötvös</a> (1848-1919) Hungarian physicist</li> <li>Lorenzo Ganganelli (1705-1774), later <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_XIV" title="Pope Clement XIV">pope Clement XIV</a> (1769-1774)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Leh%C3%A1r" title="Franz Lehár">Franz Lehár</a> (1870-1948) Austro-Hungarian composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_Pet%C5%91fi" title="Sándor Petőfi">Sándor Petőfi</a> (1823-1849) <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungarian</a> poet and <a href="/wiki/Classical_Liberalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Liberalism">liberal</a> revolutionary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roly_Zipernowsky" title="Károly Zipernowsky">Károly Zipernowsky</a> (1853-1942) <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical engineer">electrical engineer</a></li></ul> <p>In his <i>Life of St. Joseph Calasanctius</i>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Tosetti gives a list of 54 who between 1615 and 1756 died edifying<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (January 2023)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> deaths, among them Peter Casani (d. 1647), the first <a href="/wiki/Novice_master" title="Novice master">novice master</a> of the order; the fourth superior general, Glicerius Landriani (d. 1618); Cosimo Chiara (d. 1688); Petrus Andreas Taccioni (d. 1672); the lay brother Philip Bosio (d. 1662); Antonio Muscia (d. 1665); and Eusebius Amoretti (d. 1685). Saint Pompilius Maria Pirroti (d. 1766) was famous<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (January 2023)">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> for being a saintly spiritual director. Faustino Miguez (d. 1925) was a famous educator, scientist, and founder of the Calasanzian Sisters in Spain. Dionisius Pamplona was a holy master of novices, pastor and rector in Buenos Aires and Peralta de la Sal, and was the first Piarist killed in the fulfillment of his priesthood during the Spanish Civil War (d. 1936). Other Piarists known for their sanctity and pedagogical abilities with children in the last century have been Pedro Díez Gil (d. 1983) and Joaquín Erviti (d. 1999). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728005800/http://www.scolopi.org/ita/desdelacuria/gobierno.html">"Curia Generale dei Padri Scolopi"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scolopi.org/ita/desdelacuria/gobierno.html">the original</a> on 28 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Curia+Generale+dei+Padri+Scolopi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scolopi.org%2Fita%2Fdesdelacuria%2Fgobierno.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiarists" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ciekawostkihistoryczne.pl/leksykon/tadeusz-kosciuszko-1746-1817/">"Tadeusz Kościuszko (1746- 1817)"</a>. <i>CiekawostkiHistoryczne.pl</i> (in Polish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CiekawostkiHistoryczne.pl&rft.atitle=Tadeusz+Ko%C5%9Bciuszko+%281746-+1817%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciekawostkihistoryczne.pl%2Fleksykon%2Ftadeusz-kosciuszko-1746-1817%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiarists" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mershman-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mershman_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08518d.htm">Mershman, Francis. "St. Joseph Calasanctius." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 26 June 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-appalachian-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-appalachian_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-appalachian_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catholicmissionky.org/about_piarists.html">"About the Piarist Fathers", The Piarist Fathers' Appalachian Mission</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-piarist-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-piarist_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-piarist_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.piaristfathers.org/en-GB/Who-we-are/History-of-the-Order.aspx">"History of the Order", The Piarist Fathers</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019162413/http://www.piaristfathers.org/en-GB/Who-we-are/History-of-the-Order.aspx">Archived</a> 19 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bau-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bau_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[Saint Joseph Calasanctius.Madrid: Paseo De La Direccion 5, 17 July 1974]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-General_Catalogue-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-General_Catalogue_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[Ordo Scholarum Piarum Catalogus Generalis. Apud Curiam Generalem, Piazza de' Massimi 4, 1 September 2014],</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-liebreich-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-liebreich_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-liebreich_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Karen Liebreich, <i>Fallen Order:Intrigue, Heresy and Scandal</i>, London, 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Philippines-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Philippines_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://piaristfathers.tripod.com/philippines.com">"Tripod - Not Available for Download"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tripod+-+Not+Available+for+Download&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpiaristfathers.tripod.com%2Fphilippines.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiarists" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burgues-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burgues_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burgues_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jose P. Burgues,"The Piarist Fathers in the U.S.A. 60 Years of Service", Miami, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gcatholic.org/hierarchy/mottos.htm">"Episcopal Mottoes"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Episcopal+Mottoes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gcatholic.org%2Fhierarchy%2Fmottos.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiarists" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://piaristchallenge.com/piarist-fathers/">"Piarist Fathers | Piarist Fathers Compassion Challenge"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Piarist+Fathers+%26%23124%3B+Piarist+Fathers+Compassion+Challenge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpiaristchallenge.com%2Fpiarist-fathers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiarists" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gymnasium-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gymnasium_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNáray-SzabóG2012" class="citation cs2">Náray-Szabó, Gábor; G, Palló (2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repozitorium.omikk.bme.hu/handle/10890/2248"><i>The Hungarian Gymnasium Educational Experience and Its Influence on the Global Power Shift</i></a>, Global Science & Technology Forum<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hungarian+Gymnasium+Educational+Experience+and+Its+Influence+on+the+Global+Power+Shift&rft.pub=Global+Science+%26+Technology+Forum&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=N%C3%A1ray-Szab%C3%B3&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A1bor&rft.au=G%2C+Pall%C3%B3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepozitorium.omikk.bme.hu%2Fhandle%2F10890%2F2248&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiarists" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usa-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usa_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://piaristusa.org/html/piarist_fathers_usa_province.html">Piarist Fathers USA Province</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources_and_references">Sources and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sources and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Piarists"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Piarists">"Piarists" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 574.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Piarists&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=574&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiarists" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Helyot" class="mw-redirect" title="P. Helyot">P. Helyot</a>, <i>Histoire des ordres religieuses</i> (1715), iv. 281</li> <li>J. A. Seyffert, <i>Ordensregeln der Piaristen</i> (Halle, 1783)</li> <li>J. Schaller, <i>Gedanken über die Ordensfassung der Piaristen</i> (Prague, 1805)</li> <li>A. Heimbucher, <i>Orden und Kongregationen</i> (1897) ii. 271</li> <li>articles by O. Zockler in Herzog-Hauck's <i>Real-encyklopadie für protestantische Theologie</i> (1904), vol. xv.</li> <li>C. Kniel in <i>Wetzer and Welte's Kirchen-lexikon</i> (1895), vol. ix.</li></ul> <p>For Calasanz, see </p> <ul><li>Timon-David, <i>Vie de St Joseph Calasance</i> (Marseilles, 1884)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piarists&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scolopi.org">General Curia of the Piarists: Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.piarist.info">Piarists in the U.S.A.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.escolapiosbetania.org">Piarists in Spain</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pijarzy.pl">Piarists in Poland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.piaristen.at">Piarists in Austria</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.piarista.hu">Piarists in Hungary</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scolopi.it">Piarists in Italy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.piaristi.sk">Piarists in Slovakia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stemarthe.free.fr/piaristes/index_uk.htm">Piarist parish in France</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://piaristfathers.tripod.com/id19.html">Piarists in Japan and Philippines</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/PiaristVocations">Piarist Vocations</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273894#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273894#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273894#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000114834020">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/122537003">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/147204382">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Piaristen"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1020987-6">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81085435">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12546022w">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12546022w">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Piaristé"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2008457623&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="piaristé"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph124070&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX137633">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1560455409398">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000657116&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810550405605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/5437">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007317404005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058616410206706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500231116">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02814192X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piarists&oldid=1253365333">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piarists&oldid=1253365333</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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