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Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Валтер Шимана – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Валтер Шимана" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schimana" title="Walter Schimana – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Walter Schimana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%AC%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81_%CE%A3%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Βάλτερ Σιμάνα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βάλτερ Σιμάνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schimana" title="Walter Schimana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Walter Schimana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schimana" title="Walter Schimana – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Walter Schimana" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schimana" title="Walter Schimana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Walter Schimana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="والتر شيمانا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="والتر شيمانا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%83%8A" title="ヴァルター・シーマナ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴァルター・シーマナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schimana" title="Walter Schimana – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Walter Schimana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0,_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Шимана, Вальтер – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шимана, Вальтер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schimana" title="Walter Schimana – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Walter Schimana" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Вальтер Шимана – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вальтер Шимана" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Walter Schimana</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:WalterSchimana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/WalterSchimana.jpg/220px-WalterSchimana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/WalterSchimana.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="372" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%"><a href="/wiki/SS-Gruppenf%C3%BChrer" class="mw-redirect" title="SS-Gruppenführer">SS-Gruppenführer</a> Walter Schimana</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1898-03-12</span>)</span>12 March 1898<br /><a href="/wiki/Troppau" class="mw-redirect" title="Troppau">Troppau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">12 September 1948<span style="display:none">(1948-09-12)</span> (aged 50)<br /><a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Austria" title="Allied-occupied Austria">Allied-occupied Austria</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SS-Gruppenf%C3%BChrer" class="mw-redirect" title="SS-Gruppenführer">SS-Gruppenführer</a>, Lieutenant General of the Police and Lieutenant General of the Waffen-SS</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SS_and_Police_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="SS and Police Leader">SS and Police Leader</a> (SSPF) Central Russia and Belarus<br /> Higher SS and Police Leader Greece</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Walter Schimana</b> (12 March 1898 – 12 September 1948) was an Austrian functionary in the German <a href="/wiki/SS" class="mw-redirect" title="SS">SS</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi era">Nazi era</a>. He was <a href="/wiki/SS_and_Police_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="SS and Police Leader">SS and Police Leader</a> in the occupied Soviet Union in 1942 and Higher SS and Police Leader in <a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis occupation of Greece during World War II">occupied Greece</a> from October 1943. Responsible for numerous <a href="/wiki/War_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes">war crimes</a> and atrocities in the occupied territories, Schimana was arrested by the Allies after the war and died by suicide while awaiting trial. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Schimana&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1915, after attending school, he went to a cadet school in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>. He then spent a short time at the Theresian Military Academy. From September 1918, during the endphase of <a href="/wiki/WWI" class="mw-redirect" title="WWI">WWI</a>, to 15 December 1918, when demobilization was completed, he served with the k. k. Schützenregiment Nr. 1 (SchR 1) of the k. k. 25. Schützenbrigade (Vienna), a unit of the Landwehr of the Imperial Austrian <i>k.u.k. Armee</i> (Imperial and Royal Army). After the war, he moved to <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>. On 1 June 1919, he joined the 3rd Battalion of the 2. bayerisches <a href="/wiki/Reichswehr" title="Reichswehr">Reichswehr</a>-Infanterie-Regiment 44 in Passau and was promoted to <i>Fähnrich der Reserve</i> (cadet officer of the reserves) on 15 July 1919. </p><p>On 2 September 1919, he joined the <a href="/wiki/Freikorps_in_the_Baltic" title="Freikorps in the Baltic">Freikorps in the Baltic</a> and served with the Iron Division (<i>Eiserne Division</i>) which, only shortly later, joined the <a href="/wiki/West_Russian_Volunteer_Army" title="West Russian Volunteer Army">West Russian Volunteer Army</a>. In mid-December 1919, the German troops were evacuted to <a href="/wiki/East_Prussia" title="East Prussia">East Prussia</a>, Schimana was released from service on 20 April 1920 as <i>Leutnant der Reserve</i> (2nd lieutenant of the reserves). He attended a business school from 1921 to 1922, then worked as an accountant, with a bank and as a commercial businessman. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SA,_police_and_SS_career"><span id="SA.2C_police_and_SS_career"></span>SA, police and SS career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Schimana&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: SA, police and SS career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_121-1847,_Russland-Mitte,_Kampfgruppe_Schimana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_121-1847%2C_Russland-Mitte%2C_Kampfgruppe_Schimana.jpg/300px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_121-1847%2C_Russland-Mitte%2C_Kampfgruppe_Schimana.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_121-1847%2C_Russland-Mitte%2C_Kampfgruppe_Schimana.jpg/450px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_121-1847%2C_Russland-Mitte%2C_Kampfgruppe_Schimana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_121-1847%2C_Russland-Mitte%2C_Kampfgruppe_Schimana.jpg/600px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_121-1847%2C_Russland-Mitte%2C_Kampfgruppe_Schimana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="561" /></a><figcaption>Battle group "Schimana" in the Soviet Union, with noncombatant women and child.</figcaption></figure> <p>Schimana became an early member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP), on 7 December 1926 (Party-Nr. 49042), and joined the paramilitary <a href="/wiki/Sturmabteilung" title="Sturmabteilung">SA</a> in Munich. After the Nazis came to national power, in 1934 he joined the uniformed Protection Police (<i><a href="/wiki/Schutzpolizei_(Nazi_Germany)" title="Schutzpolizei (Nazi Germany)">Schutzpolizei</a></i>) with the rank of captain. In 1936, Schimana was transferred to the <i>Gendarmerie</i> as a major. After the <a href="/wiki/Anschluss" title="Anschluss">Anschluss</a>, he was transferred to the Police Headquarters at <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> as Commander of the motorized <i>Gendarmerie</i> for Austria. On 15 August 1939, he joined the SS with the rank of <a href="/wiki/Standartenf%C3%BChrer" title="Standartenführer">Standartenführer</a>. At the outbreak of the war in Europe, he took over command of a field <i>gendarmerie</i> battalion in Poland, France then <a href="/wiki/General_Government" title="General Government">General Government</a> (Poland) up to 1940. He held command of various schools of the motorized <i>gendarmerie</i> then staff duties into Main Office for the <a href="/wiki/Order_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Order Police">Order Police</a> from 1940 to 1941. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II_and_atrocities">World War II and atrocities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Schimana&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: World War II and atrocities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1993-025-03,_Russland,_brennendes_Geb%C3%A4ude.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1993-025-03%2C_Russland%2C_brennendes_Geb%C3%A4ude.jpg/300px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1993-025-03%2C_Russland%2C_brennendes_Geb%C3%A4ude.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1993-025-03%2C_Russland%2C_brennendes_Geb%C3%A4ude.jpg/450px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1993-025-03%2C_Russland%2C_brennendes_Geb%C3%A4ude.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1993-025-03%2C_Russland%2C_brennendes_Geb%C3%A4ude.jpg/600px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1993-025-03%2C_Russland%2C_brennendes_Geb%C3%A4ude.jpg 2x" data-file-width="795" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Members of an <a href="/wiki/Order_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Order Police">Order Police</a> unit under Schimana's command attacking a village in the Soviet Union, 1942.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 4 September 1941, he was appointed <a href="/wiki/SS_and_Police_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="SS and Police Leader">SS and Police Leader</a> (SSPF) for the <a href="/wiki/Saratov" title="Saratov">Saratov</a> area, and later attached to the staff of the Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) for Central Russia until July 1942, taking part in <a href="/wiki/Bandenbek%C3%A4mpfung" title="Bandenbekämpfung">rear-security operations</a>. From 21 July 1942 to 15 July 1943, he was SSPF of <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, with headquarters at <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a>. Reporting to <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Jeckeln" title="Friedrich Jeckeln">Friedrich Jeckeln</a>, he was responsible for the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft" title="Schutzmannschaft">Schutzmannschaft</a> (collaborationist police) battalions.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, he underwent training as a divisional commander and was appointed commander of the newly formed <a href="/wiki/SS_Division_Galicia" class="mw-redirect" title="SS Division Galicia">SS Division Galicia</a> until October 1943. </p><p>On 18 October, Schimana was appointed HSSPF for Greece, in replacement to <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Stroop" title="Jürgen Stroop">Jürgen Stroop</a>, a position he held until the withdrawal of German forces from the country in September–October 1944. On 20 April 1944, he was promoted to SS-Gruppenführer, on 20 June 1944 also to <i>Generalleutnant der Waffen-SS und Polizei</i> (Lieutenant General of the Waffen-SS and Police). </p><p>He became actively engaged in carrying out the <a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece_during_World_War_II#The_Holocaust_in_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis occupation of Greece during World War II">persecution of Greek Jews</a> and the campaign against the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Resistance">Greek Resistance</a> movement. In this capacity, he was instrumental in the formation of the infamous "<a href="/wiki/Security_Battalions" title="Security Battalions">Security Battalions</a>". After the German withdrawal, he was appointed HSSPF of the <a href="/wiki/SS-Oberabschnitt_Donau" class="mw-redirect" title="SS-Oberabschnitt Donau">Danube Sector</a>, which had its headquarters in Vienna. He remained in that position until the German capitulation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arrest_and_suicide">Arrest and suicide</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Schimana&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Arrest and suicide"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Germany's capitulation, Schimana was arrested by the Allies. He died by suicide before he was brought to trial. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_decorations_(excerpt)"><span id="Awards_and_decorations_.28excerpt.29"></span>Awards and decorations (excerpt)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Schimana&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Awards and decorations (excerpt)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Cross" title="Baltic Cross">Baltic Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._George" title="Order of St. George">Order of St. George</a>, 4th Class</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Party_Badge" title="Golden Party Badge">Golden Party Badge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julleuchter" title="Julleuchter">Julleuchter</a> der <a href="/wiki/SS" class="mw-redirect" title="SS">SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Zivilabzeichen" title="SS Zivilabzeichen">SS Zivilabzeichen</a> (No. 172,994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anschluss_Medal" title="Anschluss Medal">Anschluss Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudetenland_Medal" title="Sudetenland Medal">Sudetenland Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-Ehrenring" title="SS-Ehrenring">SS-Ehrenring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Cross" title="Iron Cross">Iron Cross</a> (1939), Second & First Class</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Medal" title="Eastern Medal">Eastern Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Merit_Cross" title="War Merit Cross">War Merit Cross</a>, 2nd Class with Swords</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Cross" title="German Cross">German Cross</a> in Gold on 7 August 1943</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Schimana&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandenbek%C3%A4mpfung" title="Bandenbekämpfung">Bandenbekämpfung</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Schimana&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leonid Rein: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jVmmAAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Walter+Schimana%22&pg=PA351"><i>The Kings And The Pawns: Collaboration in Byelorussia during World War II</i></a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greece_during_World_War_II" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#9ecaef;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Template:Greece during World War II"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Template talk:Greece during World War II"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greece during World War II"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greece_during_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Greece during World War II">Greece during World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="1940–1941_Balkans_Campaign" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Balkans_campaign_(World_War_II)" title="Balkans campaign (World War II)">1940–1941 Balkans Campaign</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Greco-Italian War<br /><span class="nobold">(1940–1941)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pindus" title="Battle of Pindus">Pindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elaia%E2%80%93Kalamas" title="Battle of Elaia–Kalamas">Elaia–Kalamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Korytsa" title="Battle of Korytsa">Korytsa/Korcë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saranda" title="Battle of Saranda">Saranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Morava%E2%80%93Ivan" title="Battle of Morava–Ivan">Morava–Ivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Himara" title="Battle of Himara">Himara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Klisura_Pass" title="Capture of Klisura Pass">Klisura Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trebeshina" title="Battle of Trebeshina">Trebeshina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_spring_offensive" title="Italian spring offensive">Italian spring offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_731" title="Battle of Hill 731">Hill 731</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/30px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Metaxas" title="Ioannis Metaxas">Ioannis Metaxas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Papagos" title="Alexandros Papagos">Alexandros Papagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charalambos_Katsimitros" title="Charalambos Katsimitros">Charalambos Katsimitros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Davakis" title="Konstantinos Davakis">Konstantinos Davakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markos_Drakos_(general)" title="Markos Drakos (general)">Markos Drakos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Pitsikas" title="Ioannis Pitsikas">Ioannis Pitsikas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Papadopoulos_(general)" title="Dimitrios Papadopoulos (general)">Dimitrios Papadopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Kosmas" title="Georgios Kosmas">Georgios Kosmas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Galeazzo Ciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastiano_Visconti_Prasca" title="Sebastiano Visconti Prasca">Sebastiano Visconti Prasca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaldo_Soddu" title="Ubaldo Soddu">Ubaldo Soddu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Cavallero" title="Ugo Cavallero">Ugo Cavallero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Geloso" title="Carlo Geloso">Carlo Geloso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/30px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8th_Infantry_Division_(Greece)" title="8th Infantry Division (Greece)">8th Infantry Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Army_Section" title="Epirus Army Section">Epirus Army Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Macedonia_Army_Section" title="Western Macedonia Army Section">Western Macedonia Army Section</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9th_Army_(Italy)" title="9th Army (Italy)">9th Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Army_(Italy)" title="11th Army (Italy)">11th Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Greece" title="German invasion of Greece">German invasion<br /><span class="nobold">(April–May 1941)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Lustre" title="Operation Lustre">Operation Lustre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Metaxas_Line" title="Battle of the Metaxas Line">Metaxas Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vevi_(1941)" title="Battle of Vevi (1941)">Vevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kleisoura_Pass" title="Battle of Kleisoura Pass">Kleisoura Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thermopylae_(1941)" title="Battle of Thermopylae (1941)">Thermopylae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Crete" title="Battle of Crete">Crete</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/30px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">King George II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Papagos" title="Alexandros Papagos">Alexandros Papagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Bakopoulos" title="Konstantinos Bakopoulos">Konstantinos Bakopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Tsolakoglou" title="Georgios Tsolakoglou">Georgios Tsolakoglou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">British Commonwealth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Maitland_Wilson" title="Henry Maitland Wilson">Henry Maitland Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Blamey" title="Thomas Blamey">Thomas Blamey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Freyberg,_1st_Baron_Freyberg" title="Bernard Freyberg, 1st Baron Freyberg">Bernard Freyberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_List" title="Wilhelm List">Wilhelm List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepp_Dietrich" title="Sepp Dietrich">Sepp Dietrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Student" title="Kurt Student">Kurt Student</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_battle_for_the_Battle_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of battle for the Battle of Greece">Units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/30px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Macedonia_Army_Section" title="Eastern Macedonia Army Section">Eastern Macedonia Army Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Macedonia_Army_Section" title="Central Macedonia Army Section">Central Macedonia Army Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Army_Section" title="Epirus Army Section">Epirus Army Section</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">British Commonwealth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Armoured_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="1st Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)">1st Armoured Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_New_Zealand_Division" title="2nd New Zealand Division">2nd New Zealand Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Division_(Australia)" title="6th Division (Australia)">6th Australian Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XVIII_Army_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="XVIII Army Corps (Wehrmacht)">XVIII Army Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XXXX_Panzer_Corps" title="XXXX Panzer Corps">XXXX Panzer Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luftflotte_4" title="Luftflotte 4">Luftflotte 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Parachute_Division_(Germany)" title="1st Parachute Division (Germany)">1st Parachute Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Mountain_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="5th Mountain Division (Wehrmacht)">5th Mountain Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Occupation_and_collaboration" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece" title="Axis occupation of Greece">Occupation and collaboration</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Occupying<br />powers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Leaders and<br />commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Altenburg" title="Günther Altenburg">Günther Altenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Neubacher" title="Hermann Neubacher">Hermann Neubacher</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Walter Schimana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_L%C3%B6hr" title="Alexander Löhr">Alexander Löhr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_E" title="Army Group E">Army Group E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellmuth_Felmy" title="Hellmuth Felmy">Hellmuth Felmy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LXVIII_Army_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="LXVIII Army Corps (Wehrmacht)">LXVIII Army Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Lanz" title="Hubert Lanz">Hubert Lanz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XXII_Mountain_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="XXII Mountain Corps (Wehrmacht)">XXII Mountain Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Andrae" title="Alexander Andrae">Alexander Andrae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Br%C3%A4uer" title="Bruno Bräuer">Bruno Bräuer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friedrich-Wilhelm_M%C3%BCller" title="Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller">Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_Crete" title="Fortress Crete">Fortress Crete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Merten" title="Max Merten">Max Merten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Italy during World War II">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelico_Carta" title="Angelico Carta">Angelico Carta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pellegrino_Ghigi" title="Pellegrino Ghigi">Pellegrino Ghigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_Parini" title="Piero Parini">Piero Parini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Geloso" title="Carlo Geloso">Carlo Geloso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Vecchiarelli" title="Carlo Vecchiarelli">Carlo Vecchiarelli</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Army_(Italy)" title="11th Army (Italy)">11th Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Army_Corps_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Army Corps (Italy)">III Army Corps</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/III_Corpo_d%27armata_(Regio_Esercito)" class="extiw" title="it:III Corpo d'armata (Regio Esercito)">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIII_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="VIII Army Corps (Italy)">VIII Army Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XXVI_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="XXVI Army Corps (Italy)">XXVI Corps</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" title="Bulgaria during World War II">Bulgaria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Markov_(Bulgarian_general)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan Markov (Bulgarian general) (page does not exist)">Ivan Markov</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82)" class="extiw" title="bg:Иван Марков (генерал-лейтенант)">bg</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trifon_Trifonov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trifon Trifonov (page does not exist)">Trifon Trifonov</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_(%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80)" class="extiw" title="bg:Трифон Трифонов (офицер)">bg</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asen_Sirakov" title="Asen Sirakov">Asen Sirakov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_Kondomari" title="Massacre of Kondomari">Kondomari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razing_of_Kandanos" title="Razing of Kandanos">Kandanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alikianos_executions" title="Alikianos executions">Alikianos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxato" title="Doxato">Doxato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacres_of_Mousiotitsa" title="Massacres of Mousiotitsa">Mousiotitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_Kommeno" title="Massacre of Kommeno">Kommeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalavryta_massacre" title="Kalavryta massacre">Kalavryta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingiades_massacre" title="Lingiades massacre">Lingiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distomo_massacre" title="Distomo massacre">Distomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domenikon_massacre" title="Domenikon massacre">Domenikon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drakeia_massacre" title="Drakeia massacre">Drakeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephalonia_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Cephalonia massacre">Cephalonia (Acqui Division)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesovouno_massacres" title="Mesovouno massacres">Mesovouno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrgoi_massacre" title="Pyrgoi massacre">Pyrgoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razing_of_Vorizia" title="Razing of Vorizia">Vorizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viannos_massacres" title="Viannos massacres">Viannos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallikratis_executions" title="Kallikratis executions">Kallikratis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burnings_of_Kali_Sykia" title="Burnings of Kali Sykia">Kali Sykia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razing_of_Anogeia" title="Razing of Anogeia">Anogeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_of_Kedros" title="Holocaust of Kedros">Kedros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kleisoura_massacre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kleisoura massacre (page does not exist)">Kleisoura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidari_concentration_camp" title="Haidari concentration camp">Haidari concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Larissa_concentration_camp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Larissa concentration camp (page does not exist)">Larissa concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_May_1944_Kaisariani_executions" title="1 May 1944 Kaisariani executions">200 of Kaisariani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chortiatis_massacre" title="Chortiatis massacre">Chortiatis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Economic<br />exploitation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Greece)" title="Great Famine (Greece)">Great Famine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_War_Relief_Association" title="Greek War Relief Association">GWRA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_Greece" title="Hyperinflation in Greece">Hyperinflation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEGRIGES" title="DEGRIGES">DEGRIGES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compulsory_loan_of_Greece_to_Nazi_Germany" title="Compulsory loan of Greece to Nazi Germany">Compulsory loan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occupation_Reichsmark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Occupation Reichsmark (page does not exist)">Occupation Reichsmark</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF" class="extiw" title="el:Κατοχικό μάρκο">el</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Greece" title="The Holocaust in Greece">The Holocaust</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Bulgarian-occupied_Greece" title="The Holocaust in Bulgarian-occupied Greece">Bulgarian-occupied Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Thessaloniki#Second_World_War" title="History of the Jews in Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zvi_Koretz" title="Zvi Koretz">Zvi Koretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_cemetery_of_Salonica" title="Jewish cemetery of Salonica">Jewish cemetery of Salonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Thessaloniki#Deportation" title="History of the Jews in Thessaloniki">Baron Hirsch ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Expropriation_of_Jewish_property_in_Thessaloniki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expropriation of Jewish property in Thessaloniki (page does not exist)">Expropriation of property</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rescue_of_the_Jews_of_Zakynthos" title="Rescue of the Jews of Zakynthos">Rescue of the Jews of Zakynthos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_State_(1941%E2%80%931944)" title="Hellenic State (1941–1944)">Collaborationist<br />government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Tsolakoglou" title="Georgios Tsolakoglou">Georgios Tsolakoglou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Logothetopoulos" title="Konstantinos Logothetopoulos">K. Logothetopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Rallis" title="Ioannis Rallis">Ioannis Rallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotirios_Gotzamanis" title="Sotirios Gotzamanis">Sotirios Gotzamanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Bakos" title="Georgios Bakos">Georgios Bakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Poulos" title="Georgios Poulos">Georgios Poulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schubert" title="Friedrich Schubert">Friedrich Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Bourantas" title="Nikolaos Bourantas">Nikolaos Bourantas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Mercouris" title="George S. Mercouris">George S. Mercouris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Plytzanopoulos" title="Ioannis Plytzanopoulos">Ioannis Plytzanopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysios_Papadongonas" title="Dionysios Papadongonas">Dionysios Papadongonas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Security_Battalions" title="Security Battalions">Security Battalions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Socialist_Patriotic_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation">Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation (ESPO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Greece" title="National Union of Greece">National Union of Greece (EEE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_National_Socialist_Party" title="Greek National Socialist Party">Greek National Socialist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Secessionists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Legion_(1941%E2%80%931943)" title="Roman Legion (1941–1943)">Roman Legion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcibiades_Diamandi" title="Alcibiades Diamandi">Alcibiades Diamandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaos_Matussis" title="Nicolaos Matussis">Nicolaos Matussis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassilis_Rapotikas" title="Vassilis Rapotikas">Vassilis Rapotikas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohrana" title="Ohrana">Ohrana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andon_Kalchev" title="Andon Kalchev">Andon Kalchev</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanian_collaboration_with_the_Axis" title="Cham Albanian collaboration with the Axis">Cham collaboration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%ABshilla" title="Këshilla">Këshilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhemil_Dino" title="Xhemil Dino">Xhemil Dino</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramythia_executions" title="Paramythia executions">Paramythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executions_of_Kokkinia" title="Executions of Kokkinia">Executions of Kokkinia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Resistance_and_Free_Greece" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_resistance" title="Greek resistance">Resistance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Political_Committee_of_National_Liberation" title="Political Committee of National Liberation">Free Greece</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Greece)" title="National Liberation Front (Greece)">National Liberation<br />Front (EAM)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aris_Velouchiotis" title="Aris Velouchiotis">Aris Velouchiotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefanos_Sarafis" title="Stefanos Sarafis">Stefanos Sarafis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Tzimas" title="Andreas Tzimas">Andreas Tzimas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Siantos" title="Georgios Siantos">Georgios Siantos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Svolos" title="Alexandros Svolos">Alexandros Svolos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilias_Tsirimokos" title="Ilias Tsirimokos">Ilias Tsirimokos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markos_Vafeiadis" title="Markos Vafeiadis">Markos Vafeiadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evripidis_Bakirtzis" title="Evripidis Bakirtzis">Evripidis Bakirtzis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greece" title="Communist Party of Greece">Communist Party of Greece (KKE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Greece" title="Socialist Party of Greece">Socialist Party of Greece (SKE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_People%27s_Democracy" title="Union of People's Democracy">Union of People's Democracy (ELD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELAS" title="ELAS">Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_People%27s_Liberation_Navy" title="Greek People's Liberation Navy">Greek People's Liberation Navy (ELAN)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Committee_of_National_Liberation" title="Political Committee of National Liberation">Political Committee of National Liberation (PEEA)</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Greece)" title="National Council (Greece)">National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Panhellenic_Organization_of_Youth" title="United Panhellenic Organization of Youth">United Panhellenic Organization of Youth (EPON)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Solidarity_(Greece)" title="National Solidarity (Greece)">National Solidarity (EA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_the_Protection_of_the_People%27s_Struggle" title="Organization for the Protection of the People's Struggle">Organization for the Protection of the People's Struggle (OPLA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)#SNOF" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">Slavic-Macedonian National Liberation Front (SNOF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Fascist_Committee_for_a_Free_Germany" title="Anti-Fascist Committee for a Free Germany">Anti-Fascist Committee for a Free Germany (AKFD)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drama_uprising" title="Drama uprising">Drama uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ryka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Ryka (page does not exist)">Ryka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Mikro_Chorio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Mikro Chorio (page does not exist)">Mikro Chorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Harling" title="Operation Harling">Gorgopotamos Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meritsa" title="Battle of Meritsa">Meritsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Greek_protests_against_labour_mobilization" title="1943 Greek protests against labour mobilization">Protests against labour mobilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fardykambos" title="Battle of Fardykambos">Fardykambos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Porta" title="Battle of Porta">Porta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarantaporos_(1943)" title="Battle of Sarantaporos (1943)">Sarantaporos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destruction_of_the_Kournovo_Tunnel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Destruction of the Kournovo Tunnel (page does not exist)">Kournovo Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22_July_1943_Athens_protest" title="22 July 1943 Athens protest">1943 Athens protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_Infantry_Division_%22Pinerolo%22" title="24th Infantry Division "Pinerolo"">Pinerolo disarmament</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Steiri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Steiri (page does not exist)">Steiri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Agorelitsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Agorelitsa (page does not exist)">Agorelitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Krech#Ambush" title="Franz Krech">Killing of Franz Krech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feneos_executions" title="Feneos executions">Feneos executions</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5/42_Evzone_Regiment_(EKKA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5/42 Evzone Regiment (EKKA) (page does not exist)">5/42 Regiment dissolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meligalas" title="Battle of Meligalas">Meligalas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kilkis_(1944)" title="Battle of Kilkis (1944)">Kilkis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Terror_(Greece)" title="Red Terror (Greece)">Red Terror (Greece)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Non-EAM resistance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Zervas" title="Napoleon Zervas">Napoleon Zervas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Kartalis" title="Georgios Kartalis">Georgios Kartalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Psarros" title="Dimitrios Psarros">Dimitrios Psarros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komninos_Pyromaglou" title="Komninos Pyromaglou">Komninos Pyromaglou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonis_Fosteridis" title="Antonis Fosteridis">Antonis Fosteridis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostas_Perrikos" title="Kostas Perrikos">Kostas Perrikos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilias_Degiannis" title="Ilias Degiannis">Ilias Degiannis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasileios_Sachinis" title="Vasileios Sachinis">Vasileios Sachinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lela_Karagianni" title="Lela Karagianni">Lela Karagianni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Ventiris" title="Konstantinos Ventiris">Konstantinos Ventiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manolis_Paterakis" title="Manolis Paterakis">Manolis Paterakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Petrakis" title="Georgios Petrakis">Petrakogiorgis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimonas_Zografakis" title="Kimonas Zografakis">Kimonas Zografakis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EDES" title="EDES">National Republican Greek League (EDES)</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Bands_of_Greek_Guerrillas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Bands of Greek Guerrillas (page does not exist)">National Bands of Greek Guerrillas (EOEA)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_and_Social_Liberation" title="National and Social Liberation">National and Social Liberation (EKKA)</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5/42_Evzone_Regiment_(EKKA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5/42 Evzone Regiment (EKKA) (page does not exist)">5/42 Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Liberation_Organization" title="Panhellenic Liberation Organization">Defenders of Northern Greece (YVE)/Panhellenic Liberation Organization (PAO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Union_of_Fighting_Youths" title="Panhellenic Union of Fighting Youths">Panhellenic Union of Fighting Youths (PEAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus_II" title="Prometheus II">Prometheus II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_(resistance_organization)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apollo (resistance organization) (page does not exist)">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Organization_of_Crete" title="National Organization of Crete">National Organization of Crete (ΕΟΚ)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hellenic_Army_(Resistance_organization)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hellenic Army (Resistance organization) (page does not exist)">Hellenic Army (ES)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Epirus_Liberation_Front" title="Northern Epirus Liberation Front">Northern Epirus Liberation Front (MAVI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_Resistance_organizations" title="List of Greek Resistance organizations"><i>others...</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Socialist_Patriotic_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation">ESPO bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Harling" title="Operation Harling">Gorgopotamos Bridge (Operation "Harling")</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Agia_Kyriaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Agia Kyriaki (page does not exist)">Agia Kyriaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Milia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Milia (page does not exist)">Milia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Skala_Paramythias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Skala Paramythias (page does not exist)">Skala Paramythias</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Execution_of_Josef_Salminger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Execution of Josef Salminger (page does not exist)">Execution of Josef Salminger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Xirovouni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Xirovouni (page does not exist)">Xirovouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trahili" title="Battle of Trahili">Trahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Menina" title="Battle of Menina">Menina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dodona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dodona (page does not exist)">Dodona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_Cham_Albanians" title="Expulsion of Cham Albanians">Expulsion of Cham Albanians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_military_mission_to_Greece_(1942%E2%80%931944)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British military mission to Greece (1942–1944) (page does not exist)">British Military Mission</a> (<a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Executive" title="Special Operations Executive">SOE</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Myers" title="Eddie Myers">Eddie Myers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague_Woodhouse,_5th_Baron_Terrington" title="Montague Woodhouse, 5th Baron Terrington">Monty Woodhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leigh_Fermor" title="Patrick Leigh Fermor">Patrick Leigh Fermor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Stanley_Moss" title="W. Stanley Moss">Bill Stanley Moss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Themis_Marinos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Themis Marinos (page does not exist)">Themis Marinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Psychoundakis" title="George Psychoundakis">George Psychoundakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Iwanow-Szajnowicz" title="Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz">Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Albumen" title="Operation Albumen">Operation "Albumen"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Harling" title="Operation Harling">Gorgopotamos Bridge (Operation "Harling")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Animals" title="Operation Animals">Operation "Animals"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Washing" title="Operation Washing">Asopos Bridge (Operation "Washing")</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Heinrich_Kreipe" title="Kidnapping of Heinrich Kreipe">Kidnapping of Heinrich Kreipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damasta_sabotage" title="Damasta sabotage">Damasta sabotage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Greek_government-in-exile" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_government-in-exile" title="Greek government-in-exile">Greek government-in-exile</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Greek_governmentin_exile" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_government-in-exile" title="Greek government-in-exile">Greek government<br />in exile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Events/Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mareth_Line" title="Battle of the Mareth Line">Mareth Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_El_Alamein" title="Second Battle of El Alamein">El Alamein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wadi_Akarit" title="Battle of Wadi Akarit">Wadi Akarit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodecanese_campaign" title="Dodecanese campaign">Dodecanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Greek_naval_mutiny" title="1944 Greek naval mutiny">April 1944 mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rimini_(1944)" title="Battle of Rimini (1944)">Rimini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Symi" title="Raid on Symi">Symi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Santorini" title="Raid on Santorini">Santorini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">King George II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanouil_Tsouderos" title="Emmanouil Tsouderos">Emmanouil Tsouderos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofoklis_Venizelos" title="Sofoklis Venizelos">Sofoklis Venizelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Kanellopoulos" title="Panagiotis Kanellopoulos">Panagiotis Kanellopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrasyvoulos_Tsakalotos" title="Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos">Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christodoulos_Tsigantes" title="Christodoulos Tsigantes">Christodoulos Tsigantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pafsanias_Katsotas" title="Pafsanias Katsotas">Pafsanias Katsotas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_Armed_Forces_in_the_Middle_East" title="Greek Armed Forces in the Middle East">Greek Armed Forces<br />in the Middle East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Greek_Mountain_Brigade" title="3rd Greek Mountain Brigade">3rd Mountain Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Band_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred Band (World War II)">Sacred Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_destroyer_Vasilissa_Olga" title="Greek destroyer Vasilissa Olga"><i>Vasilissa Olga</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_destroyer_Adrias_(L67)" title="Greek destroyer Adrias (L67)"><i>Adrias</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_submarine_Katsonis_(Y-1)" title="Greek submarine Katsonis (Y-1)"><i>Katsonis</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_submarine_Papanikolis_(Y-2)" title="Greek submarine Papanikolis (Y-2)"><i>Papanikolis</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Light_Bomber_Squadron" title="13th Light Bomber Squadron">13th Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/335th_Squadron_(HAF)" title="335th Squadron (HAF)">335th Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/336th_Bomber_Squadron" title="336th Bomber Squadron">336th Squadron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Liberation_and_road_to_the_civil_war" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Liberation and road to the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">civil war</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Prelude_to_Civil_War" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Prelude to <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Civil War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Bands_Agreement" title="National Bands Agreement">National Bands Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plaka_agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plaka agreement (page does not exist)">Plaka agreement</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82_-_%CE%9C%CF%85%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85" class="extiw" title="el:Συμφωνία της Πλάκας - Μυρόφυλλου">el</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Terror_(Greece)" title="Red Terror (Greece)">Red Terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon_Conference" title="Lebanon Conference">Lebanon Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caserta_Agreement" title="Caserta Agreement">Caserta Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Manna" title="Operation Manna">Operation "Manna"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percentages_agreement" title="Percentages agreement">Percentages agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dekemvriana" title="Dekemvriana">Dekemvriana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Varkiza" title="Treaty of Varkiza">Treaty of Varkiza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Greece)" title="White Terror (Greece)">White Terror</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Scobie" title="Ronald Scobie">Ronald Scobie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Papandreou" title="Georgios Papandreou">Georgios Papandreou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaskinos_of_Athens" title="Damaskinos of Athens">Archbishop Damaskinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Grivas" title="Georgios Grivas">Georgios Grivas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_Evert" title="Angelos Evert">Angelos Evert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Zachariadis" title="Nikos Zachariadis">Nikos Zachariadis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Commemoration" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Commemoration</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohi_Day" title="Ohi Day">Ohi Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athens_War_Museum" title="Athens War Museum">Athens War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_Museum_of_Greece" title="Holocaust Museum of Greece">Holocaust Museum of Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Kalavryta_Holocaust" title="Museum of the Kalavryta Holocaust">Kalavryta Massacre Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Museum_of_Kalpaki" title="War Museum of Kalpaki">Kalpaki War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Battle_of_Crete_and_the_National_Resistance" title="Museum of the Battle of Crete and the National Resistance">Museum of the Battle of Crete and the National Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Museum_of_Thessaloniki" title="War Museum of Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki War Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aera!_Aera!_Aera!" title="Aera! Aera! Aera!">Aera! Aera! Aera!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin">Captain Corelli's Mandolin</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin_(film)" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ill_Met_by_Moonlight" title="Ill Met by Moonlight">Ill Met by Moonlight</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ill_Met_by_Moonlight_(film)" title="Ill Met by Moonlight (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ipolochagos_Natassa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ipolochagos Natassa">Ipolochagos Natassa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mediterraneo" title="Mediterraneo">Mediterraneo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_11th_Day:_Crete_1941" title="The 11th Day: Crete 1941">The 11th Day: Crete 1941</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guns_of_Navarone_(novel)" title="The Guns of Navarone (novel)"><i>The Guns of Navarone</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Guns_of_Navarone_(film)" title="The Guns of Navarone (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What_Did_You_Do_in_the_War,_Thanasis%3F" title="What Did You Do in the War, Thanasis?">What Did You Do in the War, Thanasis?</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Holocaust_in_Ukraine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Holocaust_Ukraine" title="Template:Holocaust Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Holocaust_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Holocaust Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Holocaust_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Holocaust Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Holocaust_in_Ukraine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Ukraine" title="The Holocaust in Ukraine">The Holocaust in Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Main article</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Related articles by country</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Belarus" title="The Holocaust in Belarus">Belarus</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Estonia" title="The Holocaust in Estonia">Estonia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Latvia" title="The Holocaust in Latvia">Latvia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Lithuania" title="The Holocaust in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Norway" title="The Holocaust in Norway">Norway</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Poland" title="The Holocaust in Poland">Poland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Romania" title="The Holocaust in Romania">Romania</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Russia" title="The Holocaust in Russia">Russia</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpetrators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Blobel" title="Paul Blobel">Paul Blobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Braune" title="Werner Braune">Werner Braune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Eberhard" title="Kurt Eberhard">Kurt Eberhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Fegelein" title="Hermann Fegelein">Hermann Fegelein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Fendler" title="Lothar Fendler">Lothar Fendler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Frank" title="Hans Frank">Hans Frank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Herrmann_(SS_commander)" title="Günther Herrmann (SS commander)">Günther Herrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Jeckeln" title="Friedrich Jeckeln">Friedrich Jeckeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Kaltenbrunner" title="Ernst Kaltenbrunner">Ernst Kaltenbrunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Katzmann" title="Fritz Katzmann">Fritz Katzmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Koch" title="Erich Koch">Erich Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Landau" title="Felix Landau">Felix Landau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Adolf_Nosske" title="Gustav Adolf Nosske">Gustav Adolf Nosske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Obstfelder" title="Hans von Obstfelder">Hans von Obstfelder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Ohlendorf" title="Otto Ohlendorf">Otto Ohlendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Adolf_Pr%C3%BCtzmann" title="Hans-Adolf Prützmann">Hans-Adolf Prützmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Radomski" title="Paul Radomski">Paul Otto Radomski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Rasch" title="Otto Rasch">Otto Rasch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_von_Reichenau" title="Walter von Reichenau">Walter von Reichenau</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Walter Schimana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Eberhard_Sch%C3%B6ngarth" title="Karl Eberhard Schöngarth">Karl Eberhard Schöngarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Schubert_(SS_officer)" title="Heinz Schubert (SS officer)">Heinz Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schulz" title="Erwin Schulz">Erwin Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Seetzen" title="Heinrich Seetzen">Heinrich Seetzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Graf_von_Sponeck" title="Hans Graf von Sponeck">Hans Graf von Sponeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_W%C3%A4chter" title="Otto Wächter">Otto Wächter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Wisliceny" title="Dieter Wisliceny">Dieter Wisliceny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany" title="Ukrainian collaboration with Nazi Germany">Collaborators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Demjanjuk" title="John Demjanjuk">John Demjanjuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodor_Fedorenko" title="Feodor Fedorenko">Feodor Fedorenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoliy_Kabayda" title="Anatoliy Kabayda">Anatoliy Kabayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Katriuk" title="Vladimir Katriuk">Vladimir Katriuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasyl_Meleshko" title="Vasyl Meleshko">Vasyl Meleshko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hryhoriy_Vasiura" title="Hryhoriy Vasiura">Hryhoriy Vasiura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Voinovsky" title="Petro Voinovsky">Petro Voinovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Zakhvalynsky" title="Petro Zakhvalynsky">Petro Zakhvalynsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Victims</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tatiana_Markus" title="Tatiana Markus">Tatiana Markus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rescuers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ukrainian_Righteous_Among_the_Nations" title="List of Ukrainian Righteous Among the Nations">Ukrainian Righteous Among the Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Glagolev" title="Aleksei Glagolev">Aleksei Glagolev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Friedrich_Graebe" title="Hermann Friedrich Graebe">Hermann Friedrich Graebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omelyan_Kovch" title="Omelyan Kovch">Omelyan Kovch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klymentiy_Sheptytsky" title="Klymentiy Sheptytsky">Klymentiy Sheptytsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurii_Sokolov" title="Yurii Sokolov">Yurii Sokolov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Perpetrators" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpetrators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nachtigall_Battalion" title="Nachtigall Battalion">Nachtigall Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Regiment_South" title="Police Regiment South">Police Regiment South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft" title="Schutzmannschaft">Schutzmannschaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Ukrainian Auxiliary Police">Ukrainian Auxiliary Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army" title="Ukrainian Insurgent Army">Ukrainian Insurgent Army</a> (UPA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Militia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian People's Militia">Ukrainian People's Militia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artemivsk_massacre" title="Artemivsk massacre">Artemivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babi_Yar" title="Babi Yar">Babi Yar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babi_Yar_memorials" title="Babi Yar memorials">memorials</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bila_Tserkva_massacre" title="Bila Tserkva massacre">Bila Tserkva massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drobytsky_Yar" title="Drobytsky Yar">Drobytsky Yar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durchgangsstrasse_IV" title="Durchgangsstrasse IV"><i>Durchgangsstrasse</i> IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamianets-Podilskyi_massacre" title="Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre">Kamianets-Podilskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_pogroms" class="mw-redirect" title="Lviv pogroms">Lviv pogroms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Odessa_massacre" title="1941 Odessa massacre">Odessa massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pripyat_Marshes_massacres" title="Pripyat Marshes massacres">Pripyat Marshes massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarny_massacre" title="Sarny massacre">Sarny massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogdanovka_concentration_camp" title="Bogdanovka concentration camp">Bogdanovka concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drohobycz_Ghetto" title="Drohobycz Ghetto">Drohobycz Ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizocz_Ghetto" class="mw-redirect" title="Mizocz Ghetto">Mizocz Ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrets_concentration_camp" title="Syrets concentration camp">Syrets concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vapniarka_concentration_camp" title="Vapniarka concentration camp">Vapniarka concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pechora_concentration_camp" title="Pechora concentration camp">Pechora concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janowska_concentration_camp" title="Janowska concentration camp">Janowska concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest%27s_Grotto" title="Priest's Grotto">Priest's Grotto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Evidence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Friedrich_Graebe" title="Hermann Friedrich Graebe">Graebe affidavit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanhorod_Einsatzgruppen_photograph" title="Ivanhorod Einsatzgruppen photograph">Ivanhorod Einsatzgruppen photograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katzmann_Report" title="Katzmann Report">Katzmann Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generalplan_Ost" title="Generalplan Ost">Generalplan Ost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonderaktion_1005" title="Sonderaktion 1005">Sonderaktion 1005</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Jew_in_Vinnitsa" title="The Last Jew in Vinnitsa">The Last Jew in Vinnitsa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Volksliste" title="Deutsche Volksliste">Deutsche Volksliste</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen_trial" title="Einsatzgruppen trial">Einsatzgruppen trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkov_Trial" title="Kharkov Trial">Kharkov Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_State_Commission" title="Extraordinary State Commission">Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books, films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Luboml:_My_Heart_Remembers" title="Luboml: My Heart Remembers">Luboml: My Heart Remembers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Place_on_Earth" title="No Place on Earth">No Place on Earth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/She_Paid_the_Ultimate_Price" title="She Paid the Ultimate Price">She Paid the Ultimate Price</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lemberg_Mosaic" title="The Lemberg Mosaic">The Lemberg Mosaic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_White_Hotel" title="The White Hotel">The White Hotel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Word_of_the_Righteous" title="Word of the Righteous">Word of the Righteous</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">See also</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Carpathian_Ruthenia" title="History of the Jews in Carpathian Ruthenia">History of the Jews in Carpathian Ruthenia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Transnistria_Governorate" title="Transnistria Governorate">Transnistria Governorate</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113824#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113824#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113824#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000011478406X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/98186620">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1626714/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjCPYfJRxcmrd6pprfpfq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/130091359">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2005103567">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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