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(PDF) Impact of Endogenous Risk Factors on Risk Cost in KSA PPP Projects | Saleh Alzahrani - Academia.edu
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progress, operation, and investment of a project must be allocated to a private organization under a contract. The risks associated with PPP projects are usually associated with resource improvement and development as well as the long-term operation of the project. It is known that cost and time overruns are among the obvious risks faced by a project during the development phase. Cost and time overruns are major sources of monetary risk. The risk and its impact may vary at different phases during the life cycle of a PPP project. In traditional procurement, all of the monetary risks are covered by the public sector. Most of the projects delivered under traditional procurement involve a price confirmation to indicate standard cost risks. This paper aims to investigate the impact of endogenous factors on budget overrun in PPP projects in Saudi Arabia. The paper briefly illustrates the content regarding the PPP risk evaluating systems and explains the association between risk occurrences and cost overrun in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The paper concludes with recommendations for future research.","publication_date":"2015,,","publication_name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"82413099"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Impact of Endogenous Risk Factors on Risk Cost in KSA PPP Projects","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [2644330]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":82413099,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Impact of Endogenous Risk Factors on Risk Cost in KSA PPP Projects”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/82413099/mini_magick20220320-31257-16vu9fv.png?1647816095" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Impact of Endogenous Risk Factors on Risk Cost in KSA PPP Projects</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2644330" href="https://liverpool.academia.edu/SalehAlzahrani"><img alt="Profile image of Saleh Alzahrani" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2644330/842283/1046738/s65_saleh.alzahrani.jpg" />Saleh Alzahrani</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2015, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button 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data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="107235526" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/107235526/Impact_of_Endogenous_Risk_Factors_on_Risk_Cost_in_PPP_Projects_in_Saudi_Arabia">Impact of Endogenous Risk Factors on Risk Cost in PPP Projects in Saudi Arabia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="48825197" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SalehAlzahrani5">Saleh Alzahrani</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The formation of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) contracts is based on the grounds that the construction, progress, operation, and investment of a project must be allocated to a private organization under a contract. The risks associated with PPP projects are usually associated with resource improvement and development as well as the long-term operation of the project. It is known that cost and time overruns are among the obvious risks faced by a project during the development phase. Cost and time overruns are major sources of monetary risk. The risk and its impact may vary at different phases during the life cycle of a PPP project. In traditional procurement, all of the monetary risks are covered by the public sector. Most of the projects delivered under traditional procurement involve a price confirmation to indicate standard cost risks. This paper aims to investigate the impact of endogenous factors on budget overrun in PPP projects in Saudi Arabia. The paper briefly illustr...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Impact of Endogenous Risk Factors on Risk Cost in PPP Projects in Saudi Arabia","attachmentId":105961937,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107235526/Impact_of_Endogenous_Risk_Factors_on_Risk_Cost_in_PPP_Projects_in_Saudi_Arabia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/107235526/Impact_of_Endogenous_Risk_Factors_on_Risk_Cost_in_PPP_Projects_in_Saudi_Arabia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="1361033" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1361033/RISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS">RISK ALLOCATION IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) PROJECT A REVIEW ON RISK FACTORS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="647165" href="https://uthm.academia.edu/NurAlkafAbdKarim">Nur Alkaf Abd Karim</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">It is important for the public and private sectors to establish effective risk allocation strategies for Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. According to Malaysia’s PPP Guideline, one of the key feature or characteristics is to optimal sharing of risk whereby risk is allocated to the party who is the best able to manage. This mean that in PPP itself, it emphasis risk allocation in construction project. This paper presents on reviewing the risk factors of PPP construction project by mapping previous research works on PPP project around the world. The matrix of the mapping gives the frequency of factors that are considered the risk allocation of PPP project. The risk factors are clustered into 10 groups namely: Political, Construction, Legal, Economic, Operation, Market, Project selection, Project finance, Relationship and Natural factor. Result shows that the highest score frequency factors are change in law, delay in project approvals & permits and land acquisition. By knowing the risk factors gives better understanding in allocating them to parties/stakeholders involved.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"RISK ALLOCATION IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) PROJECT A REVIEW ON RISK FACTORS","attachmentId":8462776,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1361033/RISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1361033/RISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="10530950" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10530950/Risk_Identification_and_Assessment_in_Malaysian_Public_Private_Partnership_Projects">Risk Identification and Assessment in Malaysian Public Private Partnership Projects </a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2608281" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/AlirezaValipour">Alireza Valipour</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="304132" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/NordinYahaya">Nordin Yahaya</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In the past two decades, public private partnership has been one of the prevailing ways for the development of infrastructures in Malaysia. However, it involves many risks and uncertainties due to a large amount of investment and long concession period. It is very important to recognize and find out the ways to cope with the critical risks that are related to the investments made in PPP projects for the foreign investors. The aim of this article is risk ranking associated with the PPP projects using risk matrix. First, the paper reviews the current literature, consultation and a written survey distributed to the panel of experts to identify common risks in PPP projects . The risks identified from the literature were classified according to the type of risk. From the results, it was found that the critical risks associated with the PPP projects include the third party tort liability, interest rate volatility, construction cost overrun and the change in law. This research study is supposed to provide awareness and highlight the management of the risks associated with the PPP risks in Malaysia.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risk Identification and Assessment in Malaysian Public Private Partnership Projects ","attachmentId":36523789,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/10530950/Risk_Identification_and_Assessment_in_Malaysian_Public_Private_Partnership_Projects","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/10530950/Risk_Identification_and_Assessment_in_Malaysian_Public_Private_Partnership_Projects"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="1867135" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1867135/Private_Sectors_Perception_of_the_Risk_Allocation_In_Public_Private_Partnership_PPP_Arrangement">Private Sector's Perception of the Risk Allocation In Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Arrangement</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2329790" href="https://utar.academia.edu/SiewSoonLau">Siew Soon Lau</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Private Sector's Perception of the Risk Allocation In Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Arrangement","attachmentId":26266440,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1867135/Private_Sectors_Perception_of_the_Risk_Allocation_In_Public_Private_Partnership_PPP_Arrangement","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1867135/Private_Sectors_Perception_of_the_Risk_Allocation_In_Public_Private_Partnership_PPP_Arrangement"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="44810304" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44810304/A_holistic_review_of_research_studies_on_financial_risk_management_in_public_private_partnership_projects">A holistic review of research studies on financial risk management in public-private partnership projects</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34291121" href="https://westernsydney.academia.edu/IsaacAkomeaFrimpong">Isaac Akomea-Frimpong</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Engineering Construction & Architectural Management, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Purpose-Globally, the management of financial risks has gained much attention in the public-private partnerships (PPP) market in recent years. Existing studies rank financial risks among the topmost risk factors that determine the success or failure of a PPP project. As essential for managing financial risks, a systematic review of previous studies on financial risk management of PPP from 1995 to 2019 (inclusive of both years) has been presented in this paper. Design/methodology/approach-The paper undertakes a systematic analysis of 49 relevant and available studies on financial risk management of PPP projects. Findings-From the results, high-interest charges, increased construction costs and increased market risks are some of the key financial risks hampering the success of PPP projects. Techniques used to assess financial risks include Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) and Net Present Value (NPV). Financial risks control adopted by project managers include minimum revenue guarantee and real option pricing. Extremely limited studies on financial risk management in PPP projects in developing economies was revealed. Practical implications-Project managers in developing financial risk management models may use the outcome of this paper to improve the financial success of PPP projects. Holistically, researchers will be guided to investigate and heighten the pertinent issues on financial risk management of PPP projects in academia. Originality/value-The results provide a rare guide to project managers in controlling financial risks of PPP projects which is an unexplored topic. It is also the first paper to highlight the issues of financial risk management in PPP projects research.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A holistic review of research studies on financial risk management in public-private partnership projects","attachmentId":65310221,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44810304/A_holistic_review_of_research_studies_on_financial_risk_management_in_public_private_partnership_projects","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44810304/A_holistic_review_of_research_studies_on_financial_risk_management_in_public_private_partnership_projects"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="48166558" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48166558/Ranking_the_prevalence_of_construction_cost_overrun_risk_factors_in_completion_of_public_private_partnership_projects">Ranking the prevalence of construction cost overrun risk factors in completion of public-private partnership projects</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12503717" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CharlesRambo">Charles Rambo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478)</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The purpose of the study was to identify and rank the prevalence and severity of risk factors construction cost overrun in Public-Private Partnership projects using a case study of Sondu-Miriu Hydroelectric Power Project in Kisumu County, Kenya. This study adopted a descriptive design and collected quantitative data analysed quantitatively using descriptive statistics. In total, 85 persons were identified to have taken part in the management and implementation of the study from whom a sample size of 71 participants was obtained. Questionnaires were emailed to the participants providing details of the study and requesting their participation. The study ranked the risk factors based on prevalence and severity from most prevalently severe to least prevalently severe as design changes, emerging tasks affecting delivery, construction task breakdown structure, design variations and failure of contractors to complete different tasks. Thus, stakeholders should participate fully in the proje...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ranking the prevalence of construction cost overrun risk factors in completion of public-private partnership projects","attachmentId":66919694,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48166558/Ranking_the_prevalence_of_construction_cost_overrun_risk_factors_in_completion_of_public_private_partnership_projects","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/48166558/Ranking_the_prevalence_of_construction_cost_overrun_risk_factors_in_completion_of_public_private_partnership_projects"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="113939014" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/113939014/Cost_overrun_risk_assessment_in_the_public_investment_projects_an_empirically_grounded_research">Cost overrun risk assessment in the public investment projects: an empirically-grounded research</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="83205429" href="https://mruni.academia.edu/AstaVasi%C4%BAiauskaite">Asta Vasiĺiauskaite</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Engineering Economics, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cost overrun risk assessment in the public investment projects: an empirically-grounded research","attachmentId":110769880,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/113939014/Cost_overrun_risk_assessment_in_the_public_investment_projects_an_empirically_grounded_research","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/113939014/Cost_overrun_risk_assessment_in_the_public_investment_projects_an_empirically_grounded_research"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="35011564" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35011564/A_research_framework_for_effective_risk_management_in_public_private_partnership_PPP_infrastructure_projects_in_Pakistan">A research framework for effective risk management in public-private partnership (PPP) infrastructure projects in Pakistan</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1024741" href="https://nust.academia.edu/HafizZahoor">Hafiz Zahoor</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53808836" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlbertChan15">Albert Chan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">13th International Postgraduate Research Conference (IPGRC 2017), University of Salford, Manchester UK, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are being heralded as a potentially promising alternative to overcome the chronic inefficiencies which characterize the traditional public infrastructure delivery and shortage of development budgets to meet increasing demands for public services. However, such arrangements present their own set of challenges which are primarily attributable to the complex organizational structures and long duration of underlying contractual relationships. In particular, the need for effective risk management becomes all the more important to ensure a successful project and a lapse in this domain is known to deliver disastrous outcomes. Pakistan, a developing country with a large population, abundant natural resources and geopolitical significance, boasts all the drivers to promote and benefit from PPPs. It also harbors elements that expose the stakeholders to significant risks. Therefore, a research framework is developed to identify critical risks, determine risk allocation practices, develop robust models for efficient project risk assessment and allocation, and determine measures to ensure efficient risk management on future PPP projects. Existing literature is reviewed and summarized to determine the significance, drivers, barriers, and risk management characteristics of infrastructure PPPs in the Pakistani context. In addition, results of the preliminary interviews with experts have uncovered multiple lifecycle risks and suggest immature and unsystematic risk management practices, which subsequently inform the development of the research framework.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A research framework for effective risk management in public-private partnership (PPP) infrastructure projects in Pakistan","attachmentId":54875746,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35011564/A_research_framework_for_effective_risk_management_in_public_private_partnership_PPP_infrastructure_projects_in_Pakistan","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35011564/A_research_framework_for_effective_risk_management_in_public_private_partnership_PPP_infrastructure_projects_in_Pakistan"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="51104698" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51104698/Managing_financial_risks_to_improve_financial_success_of_public_private_partnership_projects_a_theoretical_framework">Managing financial risks to improve financial success of public-private partnership projects: a theoretical framework</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34291121" href="https://westernsydney.academia.edu/IsaacAkomeaFrimpong">Isaac Akomea-Frimpong</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Facilities Management, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Purpose-Successful execution of public-private partnership (PPP) projects is the most desirable outcome to all stakeholders. Previous studies show that one of the topmost obstacles to fulfil this desire on the project is financial risks. Nonetheless, inadequate holistic studies exist on linking the management of this challenge to the financial returns of the project. This study aims to develop a theoretical framework interrelating financial risks, financial controls and financial performance of PPP projects. Design/methodology/approach-The theoretical framework is informed and supported by existing theories and previous empirical studies from construction management, finance and economics. The underlying theories captured in the framework were chosen for their relevance and applicability to PPP projects. The propositions developed from the analysis of the theories and the empirical literature are summarised in three main hypotheses and 26 operationalised sub-hypotheses. Findings-The major elements of the framework include the financial risks and 12 sub-themes which are commonly experienced on PPP projects. Financial policies and procedures on controlling financial losses of the projects are also included in the framework. Lastly, this study creates financial criteria on the projects which are intrinsically embedded in the framework to serve as benchmark to support the measurement of financial success. Research limitations/implications-This study is a theoretical review of classical theories and empirical studies, and therefore, not all researches and managerial controls have not been included in this framework due to restricted time and limited studies on the topic. Practical implications-This paper would serve as a multidimensional guide to project managers to mitigate financial risks and hopefully enhance the financial success of PPPs. Theoretically, this paper outlines the dimensions of managing financial risks of PPPs that require valid and reliable measurement to test the interrelationships of the constructs by further studies in the construction research community. Originality/value-This theoretical framework makes ambitious efforts to embrace multifaceted theories from different disciplines to shed light on holistic mechanisms to mitigate financial risks to improve financial returns of PPP projects.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Managing financial risks to improve financial success of public-private partnership projects: a theoretical framework","attachmentId":68952024,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51104698/Managing_financial_risks_to_improve_financial_success_of_public_private_partnership_projects_a_theoretical_framework","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51104698/Managing_financial_risks_to_improve_financial_success_of_public_private_partnership_projects_a_theoretical_framework"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="87274157" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/87274157/Risk_assessment_framework_of_PPP_megaprojects_focusing_on_risk_interaction_and_project_success">Risk assessment framework of PPP-megaprojects focusing on risk interaction and project success</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="172071365" href="https://tehran.academia.edu/GholamrezaHeravi">Gholamreza Heravi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risk assessment framework of PPP-megaprojects focusing on risk interaction and project success","attachmentId":91529615,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87274157/Risk_assessment_framework_of_PPP_megaprojects_focusing_on_risk_interaction_and_project_success","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87274157/Risk_assessment_framework_of_PPP_megaprojects_focusing_on_risk_interaction_and_project_success"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":82413099,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":82413099,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_82413099" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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