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0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan" title="Japan’s superalloys withstand 1112°F test to protect nuclear fusion reactors "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">2</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/military" title="Military"><div 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0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency" title="China's 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it 'unrivaled in air combat' "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">3</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/military" title="Military"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Military</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🚀</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/nasa-finds-lost-us-military-base" title="NASA discovers secret US military base buried 100-foot deep in Greenland ice">NASA discovers secret US military base buried 100-foot deep in Greenland ice</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/sujita-sinha" title="Sujita Sinha" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Sujita Sinha</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">a day ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 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8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/nasa-finds-lost-us-military-base" title="NASA discovers secret US military base buried 100-foot deep in Greenland ice"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">4</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 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t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/kapil-kajal" title="Kapil Kajal" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Kapil Kajal</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">2 days ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 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9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/f-35c-fighter-makes-combat-debut" title="F-35C stealth fighter makes combat debut with US Marine Corps air strikes"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">5</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/innovation" title="Innovation"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Innovation</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🚀</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/inventor-creates-transformer-drone-tank" title="Flying tank? 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t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Innovation</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🚀</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-new-stealth-coating-blinds-radars" title="Paper-thin power: China claims its new stealth coating blinds anti-stealth radars">Paper-thin power: China claims its new stealth coating blinds anti-stealth radars</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/christopher-mcfadden" title="Christopher McFadden" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Christopher McFadden</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">2 days ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 12 7.98844 11.9735 8.31316C11.9459 8.65042 11.8868 8.96044 11.7384 9.25164C11.5083 9.70323 11.1412 10.0704 10.6896 10.3005C10.3984 10.4489 10.0884 10.508 9.7511 10.5355C9.42638 10.5621 9.02776 10.5621 8.54477 10.5621H8.52001H4.61026C4.21179 10.5621 4.09575 10.5649 3.99016 10.5866C3.88424 10.6083 3.78175 10.6443 3.68547 10.6934C3.58948 10.7425 3.4971 10.8128 3.18595 11.0617L1.75468 12.2067L1.73805 12.22C1.62785 12.3082 1.51552 12.3981 1.41677 12.4634C1.32231 12.5258 1.13917 12.6376 0.900977 12.6379C0.62689 12.6382 0.367606 12.5136 0.196617 12.2993C0.0480218 12.1132 0.0209007 11.9003 0.0106575 11.7876C-5.22161e-05 11.6697 -2.44403e-05 11.5258 2.73938e-06 11.3846L5.48119e-06 11.3634V3.84206L5.24277e-06 3.81728C-2.44623e-06 3.3343 -8.76432e-06 2.93568 0.0265217 2.61097C0.0540768 2.27371 0.113215 1.96369 0.26159 1.67248C0.491686 1.22089 0.858839 0.853741 1.31043 0.623645C1.60163 0.475271 1.91165 0.416132 2.24891 0.388577C2.57363 0.362047 2.97224 0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-new-stealth-coating-blinds-radars" title="Paper-thin power: China claims its new stealth coating blinds anti-stealth radars"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">7</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/science" title="Science"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Science</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🚀</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/science/sexual-rejection-neuron-female-mammals" title="Neural guards: Markers of sexual rejection discovered in female mammals">Neural guards: Markers of sexual rejection discovered in female mammals</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/srishti-gupta" title="Srishti Gupta" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Srishti Gupta</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">2 days ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 12 7.98844 11.9735 8.31316C11.9459 8.65042 11.8868 8.96044 11.7384 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0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/science/sexual-rejection-neuron-female-mammals" title="Neural guards: Markers of sexual rejection discovered in female mammals"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">8</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/transportation" title="Transportation"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Transportation</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🚀</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/us-supersonic-jet-soars-to-record-25040-feet" title="US supersonic jet soars to record 25,040 feet, fuels speedy travel dreams">US supersonic jet soars to record 25,040 feet, fuels speedy travel dreams</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/sujita-sinha" title="Sujita Sinha" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Sujita Sinha</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">2 days ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 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1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/us-supersonic-jet-soars-to-record-25040-feet" title="US supersonic jet soars to record 25,040 feet, fuels speedy travel dreams"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">9</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/military" title="Military"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Military</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🚀</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/china-ak-47-variant-tailored-for-drones" title="China develops recoil-free AK-47 for drones to advance unmanned warfare">China develops recoil-free AK-47 for drones to advance unmanned warfare</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/bojan-stojkovski" title="Bojan Stojkovski" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Bojan Stojkovski</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">3 days ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 12 7.98844 11.9735 8.31316C11.9459 8.65042 11.8868 8.96044 11.7384 9.25164C11.5083 9.70323 11.1412 10.0704 10.6896 10.3005C10.3984 10.4489 10.0884 10.508 9.7511 10.5355C9.42638 10.5621 9.02776 10.5621 8.54477 10.5621H8.52001H4.61026C4.21179 10.5621 4.09575 10.5649 3.99016 10.5866C3.88424 10.6083 3.78175 10.6443 3.68547 10.6934C3.58948 10.7425 3.4971 10.8128 3.18595 11.0617L1.75468 12.2067L1.73805 12.22C1.62785 12.3082 1.51552 12.3981 1.41677 12.4634C1.32231 12.5258 1.13917 12.6376 0.900977 12.6379C0.62689 12.6382 0.367606 12.5136 0.196617 12.2993C0.0480218 12.1132 0.0209007 11.9003 0.0106575 11.7876C-5.22161e-05 11.6697 -2.44403e-05 11.5258 2.73938e-06 11.3846L5.48119e-06 11.3634V3.84206L5.24277e-06 3.81728C-2.44623e-06 3.3343 -8.76432e-06 2.93568 0.0265217 2.61097C0.0540768 2.27371 0.113215 1.96369 0.26159 1.67248C0.491686 1.22089 0.858839 0.853741 1.31043 0.623645C1.60163 0.475271 1.91165 0.416132 2.24891 0.388577C2.57363 0.362047 2.97224 0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/china-ak-47-variant-tailored-for-drones" title="China develops recoil-free AK-47 for drones to advance unmanned warfare"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">10</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/culture" title="Culture"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Culture</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🚀</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/culture/christian-basilica-in-aquileia-found" title="1,500-year-old Christian basilica built under Roman Emperor Justinian discovered">1,500-year-old Christian basilica built under Roman Emperor Justinian discovered</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/gairika-mitra" title="Gairika Mitra" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Gairika Mitra</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">3 days ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 12 7.98844 11.9735 8.31316C11.9459 8.65042 11.8868 8.96044 11.7384 9.25164C11.5083 9.70323 11.1412 10.0704 10.6896 10.3005C10.3984 10.4489 10.0884 10.508 9.7511 10.5355C9.42638 10.5621 9.02776 10.5621 8.54477 10.5621H8.52001H4.61026C4.21179 10.5621 4.09575 10.5649 3.99016 10.5866C3.88424 10.6083 3.78175 10.6443 3.68547 10.6934C3.58948 10.7425 3.4971 10.8128 3.18595 11.0617L1.75468 12.2067L1.73805 12.22C1.62785 12.3082 1.51552 12.3981 1.41677 12.4634C1.32231 12.5258 1.13917 12.6376 0.900977 12.6379C0.62689 12.6382 0.367606 12.5136 0.196617 12.2993C0.0480218 12.1132 0.0209007 11.9003 0.0106575 11.7876C-5.22161e-05 11.6697 -2.44403e-05 11.5258 2.73938e-06 11.3846L5.48119e-06 11.3634V3.84206L5.24277e-06 3.81728C-2.44623e-06 3.3343 -8.76432e-06 2.93568 0.0265217 2.61097C0.0540768 2.27371 0.113215 1.96369 0.26159 1.67248C0.491686 1.22089 0.858839 0.853741 1.31043 0.623645C1.60163 0.475271 1.91165 0.416132 2.24891 0.388577C2.57363 0.362047 2.97224 0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/culture/christian-basilica-in-aquileia-found" title="1,500-year-old Christian basilica built under Roman Emperor Justinian discovered"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">1</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/energy" title="Energy"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Energy</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia" title="Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft">Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/ameya-paleja" title="Ameya Paleja" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Ameya Paleja</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">22 minutes ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 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0.416132 2.24891 0.388577C2.57363 0.362047 2.97224 0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia" title="Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">2</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/military" title="Military"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Military</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/uk-bae-systems-herne-xlauv-demo" title="UK’s new submarine drone with 3,100-mile range boasts epic spy, strike power">UK’s new submarine drone with 3,100-mile range boasts epic spy, strike power</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/abhishek-bhardwaj" title="Abhishek Bhardwaj" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Abhishek Bhardwaj</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">26 minutes ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 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1.31043 0.623645C1.60163 0.475271 1.91165 0.416132 2.24891 0.388577C2.57363 0.362047 2.97224 0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/uk-bae-systems-herne-xlauv-demo" title="UK’s new submarine drone with 3,100-mile range boasts epic spy, strike power"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">3</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/science" title="Science"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Science</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/science/worlds-oldest-modernlizard-fossil" title="205-million-year-old fossil rewrites the history of modern lizard lineage">205-million-year-old fossil rewrites the history of modern lizard lineage</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit" title="Mrigakshi Dixit" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Mrigakshi Dixit</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">an hour ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 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10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/science/worlds-oldest-modernlizard-fossil" title="205-million-year-old fossil rewrites the history of modern lizard lineage"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">4</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/innovation" title="Innovation"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Innovation</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/new-syllabus-boosts-robot-efficiency" title="US creates ‘syllabus’ for robots to swap skills at will without human need">US creates ‘syllabus’ for robots to swap skills at will without human need</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/jijo-malayil" title="Jijo Malayil" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Jijo Malayil</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">an hour ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 12 7.98844 11.9735 8.31316C11.9459 8.65042 11.8868 8.96044 11.7384 9.25164C11.5083 9.70323 11.1412 10.0704 10.6896 10.3005C10.3984 10.4489 10.0884 10.508 9.7511 10.5355C9.42638 10.5621 9.02776 10.5621 8.54477 10.5621H8.52001H4.61026C4.21179 10.5621 4.09575 10.5649 3.99016 10.5866C3.88424 10.6083 3.78175 10.6443 3.68547 10.6934C3.58948 10.7425 3.4971 10.8128 3.18595 11.0617L1.75468 12.2067L1.73805 12.22C1.62785 12.3082 1.51552 12.3981 1.41677 12.4634C1.32231 12.5258 1.13917 12.6376 0.900977 12.6379C0.62689 12.6382 0.367606 12.5136 0.196617 12.2993C0.0480218 12.1132 0.0209007 11.9003 0.0106575 11.7876C-5.22161e-05 11.6697 -2.44403e-05 11.5258 2.73938e-06 11.3846L5.48119e-06 11.3634V3.84206L5.24277e-06 3.81728C-2.44623e-06 3.3343 -8.76432e-06 2.93568 0.0265217 2.61097C0.0540768 2.27371 0.113215 1.96369 0.26159 1.67248C0.491686 1.22089 0.858839 0.853741 1.31043 0.623645C1.60163 0.475271 1.91165 0.416132 2.24891 0.388577C2.57363 0.362047 2.97224 0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/new-syllabus-boosts-robot-efficiency" title="US creates ‘syllabus’ for robots to swap skills at will without human need"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">5</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/military" title="Military"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Military</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/germany-plans-bunker-revival" title="Buildings into bomb shelters: Germany eyes WWII-like bunker revival amid Russia threat">Buildings into bomb shelters: Germany eyes WWII-like bunker revival amid Russia threat</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/sujita-sinha" title="Sujita Sinha" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Sujita Sinha</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">2 hours ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 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2.61097C0.0540768 2.27371 0.113215 1.96369 0.26159 1.67248C0.491686 1.22089 0.858839 0.853741 1.31043 0.623645C1.60163 0.475271 1.91165 0.416132 2.24891 0.388577C2.57363 0.362047 2.97224 0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/military/germany-plans-bunker-revival" title="Buildings into bomb shelters: Germany eyes WWII-like bunker revival amid Russia threat"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">6</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/science" title="Science"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Science</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/science/breakthrough-us-tech-turns-co2-into-clean-energy" title="Pollutants into power: Breakthrough US tech turns CO2 into clean energy source">Pollutants into power: Breakthrough US tech turns CO2 into clean energy source</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit" title="Mrigakshi Dixit" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Mrigakshi Dixit</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">2 hours ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 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3.81728C-2.44623e-06 3.3343 -8.76432e-06 2.93568 0.0265217 2.61097C0.0540768 2.27371 0.113215 1.96369 0.26159 1.67248C0.491686 1.22089 0.858839 0.853741 1.31043 0.623645C1.60163 0.475271 1.91165 0.416132 2.24891 0.388577C2.57363 0.362047 2.97224 0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/science/breakthrough-us-tech-turns-co2-into-clean-energy" title="Pollutants into power: Breakthrough US tech turns CO2 into clean energy source"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">7</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/innovation" title="Innovation"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Innovation</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/f-35-vs-j-35a-fighter-jet-comparison" title="F-35 vs. J-35A: Breaking down the features and specs of top fifth-generation jets">F-35 vs. J-35A: Breaking down the features and specs of top fifth-generation jets</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/kaif-shaikh-2" title="Kaif Shaikh" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Kaif Shaikh</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">12 hours ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 12 7.98844 11.9735 8.31316C11.9459 8.65042 11.8868 8.96044 11.7384 9.25164C11.5083 9.70323 11.1412 10.0704 10.6896 10.3005C10.3984 10.4489 10.0884 10.508 9.7511 10.5355C9.42638 10.5621 9.02776 10.5621 8.54477 10.5621H8.52001H4.61026C4.21179 10.5621 4.09575 10.5649 3.99016 10.5866C3.88424 10.6083 3.78175 10.6443 3.68547 10.6934C3.58948 10.7425 3.4971 10.8128 3.18595 11.0617L1.75468 12.2067L1.73805 12.22C1.62785 12.3082 1.51552 12.3981 1.41677 12.4634C1.32231 12.5258 1.13917 12.6376 0.900977 12.6379C0.62689 12.6382 0.367606 12.5136 0.196617 12.2993C0.0480218 12.1132 0.0209007 11.9003 0.0106575 11.7876C-5.22161e-05 11.6697 -2.44403e-05 11.5258 2.73938e-06 11.3846L5.48119e-06 11.3634V3.84206L5.24277e-06 3.81728C-2.44623e-06 3.3343 -8.76432e-06 2.93568 0.0265217 2.61097C0.0540768 2.27371 0.113215 1.96369 0.26159 1.67248C0.491686 1.22089 0.858839 0.853741 1.31043 0.623645C1.60163 0.475271 1.91165 0.416132 2.24891 0.388577C2.57363 0.362047 2.97224 0.362053 3.45523 0.362061ZM2.34663 1.58459C2.08358 1.60608 1.94906 1.64504 1.85522 1.69285C1.62942 1.8079 1.44585 1.99148 1.3308 2.21727C1.28298 2.31111 1.24403 2.44563 1.22254 2.70868C1.20047 2.97874 1.20001 3.32811 1.20001 3.84206V11.1137L2.43632 10.1246C2.44996 10.1137 2.46341 10.103 2.4767 10.0923C2.72994 9.88955 2.92138 9.73627 3.13953 9.62482C3.3321 9.52644 3.53708 9.45454 3.74891 9.41106C3.98887 9.36182 4.23411 9.36192 4.55852 9.36205C4.57555 9.36205 4.59279 9.36206 4.61026 9.36206H8.52001C9.03395 9.36206 9.38333 9.36159 9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/f-35-vs-j-35a-fighter-jet-comparison" title="F-35 vs. J-35A: Breaking down the features and specs of top fifth-generation jets"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">8</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/innovation" title="Innovation"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Innovation</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/high-power-electric-motors-using-copper" title="Researchers develop rare earth-free high power electric motors using copper">Researchers develop rare earth-free high power electric motors using copper</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/kapil-kajal" title="Kapil Kajal" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Kapil Kajal</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">13 hours ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 12 7.98844 11.9735 8.31316C11.9459 8.65042 11.8868 8.96044 11.7384 9.25164C11.5083 9.70323 11.1412 10.0704 10.6896 10.3005C10.3984 10.4489 10.0884 10.508 9.7511 10.5355C9.42638 10.5621 9.02776 10.5621 8.54477 10.5621H8.52001H4.61026C4.21179 10.5621 4.09575 10.5649 3.99016 10.5866C3.88424 10.6083 3.78175 10.6443 3.68547 10.6934C3.58948 10.7425 3.4971 10.8128 3.18595 11.0617L1.75468 12.2067L1.73805 12.22C1.62785 12.3082 1.51552 12.3981 1.41677 12.4634C1.32231 12.5258 1.13917 12.6376 0.900977 12.6379C0.62689 12.6382 0.367606 12.5136 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10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/high-power-electric-motors-using-copper" title="Researchers develop rare earth-free high power electric motors using copper"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">9</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/culture" title="Culture"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Culture</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/culture/db-cooper-identity-revealed-fbi" title="Secret parachute may have revealed DB Cooper identity after 5 decades, FBI reopens case">Secret parachute may have revealed DB Cooper identity after 5 decades, FBI reopens case</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/kapil-kajal" title="Kapil Kajal" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Kapil Kajal</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">15 hours ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 12 7.98844 11.9735 8.31316C11.9459 8.65042 11.8868 8.96044 11.7384 9.25164C11.5083 9.70323 11.1412 10.0704 10.6896 10.3005C10.3984 10.4489 10.0884 10.508 9.7511 10.5355C9.42638 10.5621 9.02776 10.5621 8.54477 10.5621H8.52001H4.61026C4.21179 10.5621 4.09575 10.5649 3.99016 10.5866C3.88424 10.6083 3.78175 10.6443 3.68547 10.6934C3.58948 10.7425 3.4971 10.8128 3.18595 11.0617L1.75468 12.2067L1.73805 12.22C1.62785 12.3082 1.51552 12.3981 1.41677 12.4634C1.32231 12.5258 1.13917 12.6376 0.900977 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9.65338 9.33953C9.91643 9.31804 10.051 9.27908 10.1448 9.23127C10.3706 9.11622 10.5542 8.93264 10.6692 8.70685C10.717 8.61301 10.756 8.47849 10.7775 8.21544C10.7995 7.94538 10.8 7.59601 10.8 7.08206V3.84206C10.8 3.32811 10.7995 2.97874 10.7775 2.70868C10.756 2.44563 10.717 2.31111 10.6692 2.21727C10.5542 1.99148 10.3706 1.8079 10.1448 1.69285C10.051 1.64504 9.91643 1.60608 9.65338 1.58459C9.38333 1.56253 9.03395 1.56206 8.52001 1.56206H3.48001C2.96606 1.56206 2.61668 1.56253 2.34663 1.58459Z" fill="var(--text-secondary)"></path></svg> 0</div></div></div></div><div><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/culture/db-cooper-identity-revealed-fbi" title="Secret parachute may have revealed DB Cooper identity after 5 decades, FBI reopens case"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="t-cursor-pointer"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-2"></div><div class="t-flex t-px-6 t-items-center t-gap-3"><div class="t-text-text-invert t-text-[12px] t-bg-brand-primary t-h-5 t-w-5 t-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-font-bold trendingArticles_popular_articles__count__POOfa">10</div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-max-w-[263px]"><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-items-center"><div class="t-flex"><a href="/innovation" title="Innovation"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80">Innovation</div></a></div><div class="t-w-[19px] t-h-[16px] t-items-center t-hidden md:t-flex">🌟</div></div><h4><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/ai-washing-machine-for-humans" title="Fighter jet-inspired washing machine offers 15-minute AI-enhanced cleanse for humans">Fighter jet-inspired washing machine offers 15-minute AI-enhanced cleanse for humans</a></h4><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-flex-row t-h-[15px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-wrap t-items-center"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/kapil-kajal" title="Kapil Kajal" class="t-text-text-secondary t-font-bold body-x-small-bold ">Kapil Kajal</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 !t-h-[15px]"></div><p class="t-capitalize body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-secondary">17 hours ago</p><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-1 md:t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px]"></div><div class="t-flex t-gap-1 t-text-text-solid-secondary body-xsmall-medium " style="color:var(--text-primary)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="13" viewBox="0 0 12 13" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.45523 0.362061L3.48001 0.362061H8.52001L8.54479 0.362061C9.02777 0.362053 9.42638 0.362047 9.7511 0.388577C10.0884 0.416132 10.3984 0.475271 10.6896 0.623645C11.1412 0.853741 11.5083 1.22089 11.7384 1.67248C11.8868 1.96369 11.9459 2.27371 11.9735 2.61097C12 2.93569 12 3.33431 12 3.8173V3.84206V7.08206V7.10683C12 7.58982 12 7.98844 11.9735 8.31316C11.9459 8.65042 11.8868 8.96044 11.7384 9.25164C11.5083 9.70323 11.1412 10.0704 10.6896 10.3005C10.3984 10.4489 10.0884 10.508 9.7511 10.5355C9.42638 10.5621 9.02776 10.5621 8.54477 10.5621H8.52001H4.61026C4.21179 10.5621 4.09575 10.5649 3.99016 10.5866C3.88424 10.6083 3.78175 10.6443 3.68547 10.6934C3.58948 10.7425 3.4971 10.8128 3.18595 11.0617L1.75468 12.2067L1.73805 12.22C1.62785 12.3082 1.51552 12.3981 1.41677 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14.3428C7.11333 14.3428 7.13918 14.3428 7.16538 14.3428H13.03C13.8009 14.3428 14.325 14.3421 14.7301 14.309C15.1246 14.2767 15.3264 14.2183 15.4672 14.1466C15.8059 13.974 16.0812 13.6986 16.2538 13.36C16.3255 13.2192 16.384 13.0174 16.4162 12.6228C16.4493 12.2178 16.45 11.6937 16.45 10.9228V6.06277C16.45 5.29185 16.4493 4.76779 16.4162 4.36271C16.384 3.96813 16.3255 3.76635 16.2538 3.62559C16.0812 3.2869 15.8059 3.01153 15.4672 2.83896C15.3264 2.76724 15.1246 2.70881 14.7301 2.67657C14.325 2.64347 13.8009 2.64277 13.03 2.64277H5.47001C4.69909 2.64277 4.17502 2.64347 3.76994 2.67657Z" fill="#696969"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div></div><div class="t-flex t-justify-left t-flex-col t-pl-[8.50%]"><div class="article-heading t-w-full md:t-w-[53.75%]"><ul class="article-badges t-flex-wrap md:t-gap-[8px] t-gap-[8px] t-flex"><li class="t-flex"><a class="t-flex" href="/energy"><div class="t-inline-flex t-items-center t-rounded-[2px] t-border t-border-button-secondary-light t-cursor-pointer dark:t-border-button-secondary-dark t-px-4 t-py-2 t-text-[13px] t-transition-colors focus:t-outline-none focus:t-ring-2 focus:t-ring-ring focus:t-ring-offset-2 t-border-transparent dark:t-border-none !t-bg-[var(--tag-item-background)] t-text-text-primary overline-xsmall t-px-2 t-py-1 hover:t-bg-primary/80 t-capitalize t-px-2 t-py-1">Energy</div></a></li></ul><h1 class="content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading">How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet</h1><h4 class="article-abstract content-sub-title body-large t-mt-2 headingSection_text_solid_secondary__z9nWA"><p>Houston’s Fervo Energy will use its innovative geothermal technology to provide clean power to 350,000 homes across Southern California.</p> </h4><time class="t-mt-4 t-text-sm t-text-gray-500"><b>Updated:</b> Nov 17, 2024 03:31 AM EST</time></div></div><section class="t-flex t-justify-center max-md:t-flex-col t-mt-6 max-md:t-mt-0 md:t-mt-[0]"><div class="t-w-full md:t-w-[60%] t-pl-[8.50%]"><div class="t-max-w-full t-w-main-layout t-flex t-flex-col t-justify-center t-self-center t-tab-px-0 md:t-px-0 socialShare_relative__B0YIR"><div class="article-heading"><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-mb-1"></div><div class="t-flex t-justify-left t-justify-between headingSection_author_info__s8Xap"><div class="author-info t-flex t-justify-left t-gap-2 headingSection_article_info_left__Wirfv"><div class="headingSection_author_info__avatar__LEJVf"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/christopher-mcfadden"><img src="https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/XT3vqpiaHT53.jpg" alt="Christopher McFadden" class="t-w-full md:t-w-[50px] headingSection_author_info__image___0MRY"/></a></div><div><p class="h4-style-desktop t-font-bold braintree-heading headingSection_text_no_wrap__9jTRs"><a href="https://interestingengineering.com/author/christopher-mcfadden">Christopher McFadden</a></p><ul class="author-social-links Author_socialLinks__pJtg4"></ul></div></div><div class="headingSection_article_info__FQ2mg article-info t-flex t-justify-left t-items-center t-bg-color-500 undefined"><div class="headingSection_article_info__date__GgRIP article-info__date body-xsmall-medium color-gray-500">11 days ago</div><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] md:t-my-[16px] md:t-mx-[16px] t-mx-[0px] headingSection_article_info__separator___1c_Q"></div><div class="article-info__comment headingSection_article_info__comment__1a_Uz "><button class="t-flex t-justify-center md:t-gap-[4px] max-md:t-flex-colc headingSection_article_info__comment_wrapper__Uj5_U t-cursor-pointer"><svg class="headingSection_article_info__comment_svg__Rds4y" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19" height="20" viewBox="0 0 19 20" fill="none"><path class="headingSection_author_share_item__path__mrP1U" fill-rule="evenodd" 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boundless source of energy beneath our feet" loading="lazy" width="584" height="421" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="articleThumbnail_article_thumbnail__image__HYfDF" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Ffervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg&w=640&q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Ffervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg&w=1200&q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Ffervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg&w=1200&q=75"/><div class="t-flex t-justify-between article-thumbnail--info t-mt-2"><p class="article-thumbnail--description body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-third">Aerial image of the Fervo Energy's geothermal power plant.</p><p class="article-thumbnail--reference body-xsmall-medium t-text-text-third"><a href="https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Fervo Energy</a></p></div></div><div class="t-max-w-full t-w-main-layout t-flex t-flex-col t-justify-center t-self-center t-tab-px-0 t-px-0 md:t-px-0 socialShare_relative__B0YIR"><div class="body-content true articleBody_firstLetter__fWMYV body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <p>What if we told you that beneath our very feet, there is a near-endless, free source of heat energy just waiting to be tapped? Called geothermal energy, the heat within the planet we live on can be used in multiple ways, and more importantly, in electricity production.</p> <p>As the urgency to combat climate change and reduce carbon emissions increases, renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly essential. While solar and wind power have received wide recognition, geothermal energy is gaining attention as a reliable and less variable option.</p></div></div><div class="body-content true body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <p>But how do we access this potent energy source? </p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading h3-style" id="h-what-is-geothermal-energy">What is geothermal energy?</h2> <p>The clue is in the term. <a href="https://www.energy.gov/eere/geothermal/geothermal-basics#:~:text=Geothermal%20energy%20is%20heat%20energy,depths%20below%20the%20earth" s%20surface." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Geothermal </a>is a portmanteau of the words <em>geo </em>(Greek for ‘Earth’) and <em>therme</em> (Greek for ‘heat’).</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <iframe loading="lazy" title="Geothermal Power Everywhere: Tech Advances Rapidly" width="500" height="281" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/QByk4jJwp9c?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div></figure> <p>In its simplest sense, <a href="https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/geothermal/#:~:text=The%20word%20geothermal%20comes%20from,buildings%2C%20and%20for%20generating%20electricity." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">geothermal energy</a> is any form of energy generated by using the Earth’s heat, but it is a bit more complicated than that. The first thing to know is that the inside our planet is a very hot core.</p> <p>This internal heat is produced from the radioactive decay of particles within the planet’s crust, mantle, and core. Residual heat from the time of Earth’s formation also accounts for some of it’s internal heat, but this is a minor component.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading h3-style" id="h-the-heat-beneath-our-feet">The heat beneath our feet</h2> <p>Like in a nuclear reactor, this decay produces vestigial heat that gradually increases with depth. <a href="https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geothermal_gradient#:~:text=The%20geothermal%20gradient%20is%20the,for%20every%20kilometer%20of%20depth." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Temperatures</a> can get pretty hot depending on where you look inside the Earth.</p> <p>In fact, scientists have found that the temperature of the Earth’s inner core is approximately 10,800 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Amazingly, this is as hot as the surface of the Sun!</p></div></div><div class="body-content true body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <p>Temperatures in the mantle range from about 392°F at the mantle-crust boundary to approximately 7,230°F at the mantle-core boundary. </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?w=1024" alt="Icelandic geothermal power plant." class="wp-image-118110" srcset="https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=300,225 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=768,576 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Image of the Icelandic <em>Krafla </em>geothermal power plant. Source: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Ásgeir Eggertsson/Wikimedia Commons</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Other heat sources exist on the planet, especially within the very thin crust on which we live. For example, rocks and water absorb heat from magma located deep underground. </p> <p>Some places on the planet have been found to bring this inner heat source closer to the surface, proving to be ideal spots to tap geothermal energy. This is especially the case where magma bodies have infiltrated the Earth’s crust (like under volcanoes or at plate boundaries).</p> <p>As encouraging as this sounds, it is important to note that geothermal energy is not without its downsides. These include high initial costs and the need for specific geological conditions. Drilling deep into the Earth can be very expensive, and the success of geothermal projects largely depends on finding locations with adequate underground heat.</p></div></div><div class="body-content true body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <p>That being said, there are some ‘hacks’ that can be exploited to maximize the significant return on investment.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading h3-style" id="h-which-countries-use-geothermal-energy">Which countries use geothermal energy?</h2> <p>Places like Iceland are prime examples. The island is formed on top of one of these boundaries, namely the mid-Atlantic ridge. Here, magma formed in the mantle often breaches the surface to form volcanoes and lava flows.</p> <p>This location offers a unique potential for renewable energy sources, especially geothermal energy, to be employed relatively easily. In fact, the nation is one of the world’s preeminent geothermal energy leaders and uses it for many purposes, from direct heating to electrical generation.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <iframe loading="lazy" title="Geothermal energy is renewable and powerful. Why is most of it untapped?" width="500" height="281" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/c7dy0hUZ9xI?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div></figure> <p>Tapping this energy source is much harder for the rest of the world, but not impossible. Since the temperature rises below the crust, drilling deep vertical boreholes is often the most common way to take advantage of this effectively ‘free’ energy.</p></div></div><div class="body-content true body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <p><a href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/525206/geothermal-complexes-worldwide-by-size/#:~:text=The%20largest%20geothermal%20plant%20in,located%20north%20of%20San%20Francisco." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">In the United States</a>, for example, geothermal fields like the Geysers are currently being tapped for this precious source of power. In fact, the largest geothermal plant in the world is the <a href="https://geysers.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Geysers Geothermal Complex</a>, located north of San Francisco. It has a production capacity of 900 megawatts and consists of 22 power plants spread over several miles.</p> <p>These kinds of power plants typically work by drilling deep into the Earth’s crust to access heat stored in hot water reservoirs or dry rock. Water or another fluid is pumped into these hot zones, where it is heated and turned into steam. This steam drives turbines, generating electricity.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading h3-style" id="h-a-growing-global-power-source">A growing global power source</h2> <p>Other countries, such as Italy, Mexico, the Philippines, and Indonesia, heavily invest in this technology. Other nations, like <a href="https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/sumitomo-has-contributed-to-17-of-global-installed-geothermal-power-capacity/#:~:text=With%20this%20achievement%2C%20the%20total,global%20installed%20geothermal%20power%20capacity." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">New Zealand,</a> are known for their volcanic landscape and generate about 17% of their electricity through geothermal power. <a href="https://www.eib.org/en/projects/all/20150459#:~:text=More%20green%20power%20*%20Geothermal%20operations%20produce,electricity.%20*%20Reduction%20in%20fossil%20fuel%20emissions." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Kenya</a>, a leader in Africa’s renewable energy initiatives, derives approximately 40% of its energy from geothermal sources, significantly contributing to its sustainable energy mix.</p></div></div><div class="body-content true body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <p>Meanwhile, California is about to join the geothermal gravy train thanks to the efforts of companies like Fervo Energy.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="1010" src="https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?w=800" alt="Schematic of a hot-water hydrothermal system." class="wp-image-118111" srcset="https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png 800w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=238,300 238w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=768,970 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Schematic of a basic hot-water hydrothermal system. Source: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><em>Goran tek-en/Wikimeida Commons</em></a></figcaption></figure> <h2 class="wp-block-heading h3-style" id="h-fervo-energy-s-geothermal-technology">Fervo Energy’s geothermal technology </h2> <p>Houston-based <a href="https://interestingengineering.com/energy/2gw-geothermal-project-approved" target="_blank" rel="dofollow">Fervo Energy</a> has been in the news several times in the past few years with breakthroughs in geothermal power plant technology. This has included its combination of carbon capture and geothermal power plant, which was funded, in part, by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.</p> <p>Carbon capture is very energy-intensive, so coming up with economical ways to harness it is beneficial. Methods like <a href="https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/co2-stored-in-concrete-first-time" target="_blank" rel="dofollow">direct air carbon capture</a> (DAC) are one example. DAC is believed to be essential for scrubbing the air of carbon dioxide to help reduce global temperatures.</p> <p>Fervo also has few other projects, like in Nevada, that are designed to provide carbon-free, uninterputable renewable energy for <a href="https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-technology-breakthrough-in-next-generation-geothermal/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Google data centers</a>. But, these are more of a niche application of geothermal energy. </p></div></div><div class="body-content true body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <p>A far more interesting project is the company’s recent 320 MW Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with <a href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240625544692/en/Fervo-Energy-Announces-320-MW-Power-Purchase-Agreements-With-Southern-California-Edison" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Southern California Edison</a> (SCE).</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <iframe loading="lazy" title="Why Google Is Spending Billions To Build A Geothermal Power Plant" width="500" height="281" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AZcB6ME8VyI?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div></figure> <p>Under this 15-year agreement, Fervo will provide reliable, clean, and affordable power to 350,000 homes across Southern California. The project will also support SCE’s vision to help California transition to a cleaner energy future.</p> <p>Under the PPA, SCE will purchase power from Fervo Energy’s 400 MW Cape Station project, currently under construction in southwest Utah. The first phase of the project, totaling 70 MW, is expected to be operational by 2026, while the second phase should go live around 2028.</p> <p>“This announcement is another milestone in California’s commitment to clean, zero-carbon electricity,” said David Hochschild, the chair of California Energy Commission. “Enhanced geothermal systems complement our abundant wind and solar resources by providing critical base load when those sources are limited.” He added that this is key to ensuring reliability as we transition away from fossil fuels.</p></div></div><div class="body-content true body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading h3-style" id="h-what-makes-fervo-s-geothermal-power-revolutionary">What makes Fervo’s geothermal power revolutionary?</h2> <p>At the core of Fervo’s innovative geothermal program is a drilling technology that allows geothermal energy to meet the increasing demand for reliable renewable power. The firm achieves this through a special adaptation of existing deep well drilling techniques developed for the oil and gas industries.</p> <p>Well boreholes are drilled deep underground and fluid is injected into them to create fractures in the rock, increasing their permeability. This creates the necessary conditions to generate electricity.</p> <p>The hard work has already paid off. According to Fervo, early drilling results for the project in February 2024 indicate faster drilling times and a significant cost reduction at Cape Station, Fervo’s 400 MW project in Beaver County, Utah.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="575" src="https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?w=1024" alt="Fervo Energy geothermal power plant." class="wp-image-118112" srcset="https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=300,168 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=768,431 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Image of one of Fervo Energy’s geothermal power plants. Source: <a href="https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Fervo Energy</a></figcaption></figure> <p>These encouraging results support ongoing commercialization efforts and readiness for large-scale agreements, including the world’s largest geothermal PPA. Fervo has now contracted 373 MW of renewable power from Cape Station.</p></div></div><div class="body-content true body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <p>“Geothermal stands as the dependable and adaptable solution essential for California’s journey towards a fully decarbonized grid,” said Dawn Owens, VP and head of development & commercial markets for Fervo Energy.</p> <p>“As electrification increases and climate change burdens fragile infrastructure, geothermal will only play a bigger role in US power markets. Fervo looks forward to continuing to meet these needs, providing firm, clean power to help balance California’s energy portfolio,” she added.</p> <p>Looking ahead, the role of geothermal energy is expected to grow as innovations reduce costs and improve accessibility. Enhanced geothermal systems, such as those developed by Fervo Energy, could make geothermal resources available in regions previously considered unsuitable.</p> <p>This development will be essential for creating a more balanced and resilient renewable energy grid capable of delivering base-load power without carbon emissions.</p></div></div><div class="body-content true body-medium-medium t-text-text-secondary"><div> <p></p> </div></div></div><div class="t-max-w-full t-w-main-layout t-flex t-flex-col t-justify-center t-self-center t-tab-px-0 t-px-0 md:t-px-0 socialShare_relative__B0YIR"><div class=""><div class="CommentSection_commentsblock__cerVm" id="commentsBlock"><div class="CommentSection_title__aI0LW t-inline-flex t-justify-center t-items-center t-gap-1 comments-toggle"><span><svg class="CommentSection_commentsblock__icon__8tm_8 svg-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15px" height="15px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" fill="none"><path d="M1.5 3.90007C1.5 2.98989 1.5 2.5348 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plant.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"News\",\"item\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Energy\",\"item\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\",\"name\":\"Interesting Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\",\"name\":\"Interesting Engineering\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/logo/image/\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Interesting_Engineering-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Interesting_Engineering-1.jpg\",\"width\":590,\"height\":198,\"caption\":\"Interesting Engineering\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/logo/image/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\",\"https://x.com/IntEngineering\",\"https://www.linkedin.com/company/interestingengineering/\"],\"email\":\"info@interestingengineering.com\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"201\",\"maxValue\":\"500\"},\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/home-page\"}]}\u003c/script\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video\" content=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/QByk4jJwp9c\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:type\" content=\"text/html\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:duration\" content=\"401\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:width\" content=\"480\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:height\" content=\"270\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:adult\" content=\"false\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:upload_date\" content=\"2024-11-16T15:26:48+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1d:T40d0,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eWhat if we told you that beneath our very feet, there is a near-endless, free source of heat energy just waiting to be tapped? Called geothermal energy, the heat within the planet we live on can be used in multiple ways, and more importantly, in electricity production.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs the urgency to combat climate change and reduce carbon emissions increases, renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly essential. While solar and wind power have received wide recognition, geothermal energy is gaining attention as a reliable and less variable option.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut how do we access this potent energy source? \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-geothermal-energy\"\u003eWhat is geothermal energy?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe clue is in the term. \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/geothermal/geothermal-basics#:~:text=Geothermal%20energy%20is%20heat%20energy,depths%20below%20the%20earth\" s%20surface.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGeothermal \u003c/a\u003eis a portmanteau of the words \u003cem\u003egeo \u003c/em\u003e(Greek for \u0026#8216;Earth\u0026#8217;) and \u003cem\u003etherme\u003c/em\u003e (Greek for \u0026#8216;heat\u0026#8217;).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Geothermal Power Everywhere: Tech Advances Rapidly\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/QByk4jJwp9c?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn its simplest sense, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/geothermal/#:~:text=The%20word%20geothermal%20comes%20from,buildings%2C%20and%20for%20generating%20electricity.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003egeothermal energy\u003c/a\u003e is any form of energy generated by using the Earth\u0026#8217;s heat, but it is a bit more complicated than that. The first thing to know is that the inside our planet is a very hot core.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis internal heat is produced from the radioactive decay of particles within the planet\u0026#8217;s crust, mantle, and core. Residual heat from the time of Earth\u0026#8217;s formation also accounts for some of it\u0026#8217;s internal heat, but this is a minor component.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-heat-beneath-our-feet\"\u003eThe heat beneath our feet\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLike in a nuclear reactor, this decay produces vestigial heat that gradually increases with depth. \u003ca href=\"https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geothermal_gradient#:~:text=The%20geothermal%20gradient%20is%20the,for%20every%20kilometer%20of%20depth.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eTemperatures\u003c/a\u003e can get pretty hot depending on where you look inside the Earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, scientists have found that the temperature of the Earth\u0026#8217;s inner core is approximately 10,800 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Amazingly, this is as hot as the surface of the Sun!\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTemperatures in the mantle range from about 392°F at the mantle-crust boundary to approximately 7,230°F at the mantle-core boundary. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"Icelandic geothermal power plant.\" class=\"wp-image-118110\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=300,225 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=768,576 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eImage of the Icelandic \u003cem\u003eKrafla \u003c/em\u003egeothermal power plant. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eÁsgeir Eggertsson/Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOther heat sources exist on the planet, especially within the very thin crust on which we live. For example, rocks and water absorb heat from magma located deep underground. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSome places on the planet have been found to bring this inner heat source closer to the surface, proving to be ideal spots to tap geothermal energy. This is especially the case where magma bodies have infiltrated the Earth\u0026#8217;s crust (like under volcanoes or at plate boundaries).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs encouraging as this sounds, it is important to note that geothermal energy is not without its downsides. These include high initial costs and the need for specific geological conditions. Drilling deep into the Earth can be very expensive, and the success of geothermal projects largely depends on finding locations with adequate underground heat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThat being said, there are some \u0026#8216;hacks\u0026#8217; that can be exploited to maximize the significant return on investment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-which-countries-use-geothermal-energy\"\u003eWhich countries use geothermal energy?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003ePlaces like Iceland are prime examples. The island is formed on top of one of these boundaries, namely the mid-Atlantic ridge. Here, magma formed in the mantle often breaches the surface to form volcanoes and lava flows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis location offers a unique potential for renewable energy sources, especially geothermal energy, to be employed relatively easily. In fact, the nation is one of the world\u0026#8217;s preeminent geothermal energy leaders and uses it for many purposes, from direct heating to electrical generation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Geothermal energy is renewable and powerful. Why is most of it untapped?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/c7dy0hUZ9xI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTapping this energy source is much harder for the rest of the world, but not impossible. Since the temperature rises below the crust, drilling deep vertical boreholes is often the most common way to take advantage of this effectively \u0026#8216;free\u0026#8217; energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/statistics/525206/geothermal-complexes-worldwide-by-size/#:~:text=The%20largest%20geothermal%20plant%20in,located%20north%20of%20San%20Francisco.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIn the United States\u003c/a\u003e, for example, geothermal fields like the Geysers are currently being tapped for this precious source of power. In fact, the largest geothermal plant in the world is the \u003ca href=\"https://geysers.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGeysers Geothermal Complex\u003c/a\u003e, located north of San Francisco. It has a production capacity of 900 megawatts and consists of 22 power plants spread over several miles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese kinds of power plants typically work by drilling deep into the Earth\u0026#8217;s crust to access heat stored in hot water reservoirs or dry rock. Water or another fluid is pumped into these hot zones, where it is heated and turned into steam. This steam drives turbines, generating electricity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-growing-global-power-source\"\u003eA growing global power source\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOther countries, such as Italy, Mexico, the Philippines, and Indonesia, heavily invest in this technology. Other nations, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/sumitomo-has-contributed-to-17-of-global-installed-geothermal-power-capacity/#:~:text=With%20this%20achievement%2C%20the%20total,global%20installed%20geothermal%20power%20capacity.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNew Zealand,\u003c/a\u003e are known for their volcanic landscape and generate about 17% of their electricity through geothermal power. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eib.org/en/projects/all/20150459#:~:text=More%20green%20power%20*%20Geothermal%20operations%20produce,electricity.%20*%20Reduction%20in%20fossil%20fuel%20emissions.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKenya\u003c/a\u003e, a leader in Africa\u0026#8217;s renewable energy initiatives, derives approximately 40% of its energy from geothermal sources, significantly contributing to its sustainable energy mix.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, California is about to join the geothermal gravy train thanks to the efforts of companies like Fervo Energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1010\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?w=800\" alt=\"Schematic of a hot-water hydrothermal system.\" class=\"wp-image-118111\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png 800w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=238,300 238w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=768,970 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eSchematic of a basic hot-water hydrothermal system. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eGoran tek-en/Wikimeida Commons\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fervo-energy-s-geothermal-technology\"\u003eFervo Energy\u0026#8217;s geothermal technology \u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHouston-based \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/2gw-geothermal-project-approved\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e has been in the news several times in the past few years with breakthroughs in geothermal power plant technology. This has included its combination of carbon capture and geothermal power plant, which was funded, in part, by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCarbon capture is very energy-intensive, so coming up with economical ways to harness it is beneficial. Methods like \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/co2-stored-in-concrete-first-time\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003edirect air carbon capture\u003c/a\u003e (DAC) are one example. DAC is believed to be essential for scrubbing the air of carbon dioxide to help reduce global temperatures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFervo also has few other projects, like in Nevada, that are designed to provide carbon-free, uninterputable renewable energy for \u003ca href=\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-technology-breakthrough-in-next-generation-geothermal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGoogle data centers\u003c/a\u003e. But, these are more of a niche application of geothermal energy. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA far more interesting project is the company\u0026#8217;s recent 320 MW Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240625544692/en/Fervo-Energy-Announces-320-MW-Power-Purchase-Agreements-With-Southern-California-Edison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSouthern California Edison\u003c/a\u003e (SCE).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Why Google Is Spending Billions To Build A Geothermal Power Plant\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/AZcB6ME8VyI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder this 15-year agreement, Fervo will provide reliable, clean, and affordable power to 350,000 homes across Southern California. The project will also support SCE’s vision to help California transition to a cleaner energy future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the PPA, SCE will purchase power from Fervo Energy’s 400 MW Cape Station project, currently under construction in southwest Utah. The first phase of the project, totaling 70 MW, is expected to be operational by 2026, while the second phase should go live around 2028.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;This announcement is another milestone in California’s commitment to clean, zero-carbon electricity,\u0026#8221; said David Hochschild, the chair of California Energy Commission. \u0026#8220;Enhanced geothermal systems complement our abundant wind and solar resources by providing critical base load when those sources are limited.\u0026#8221; He added that this is key to ensuring reliability as we transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-makes-fervo-s-geothermal-power-revolutionary\"\u003eWhat makes Fervo\u0026#8217;s geothermal power revolutionary?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt the core of Fervo’s innovative geothermal program is a drilling technology that allows geothermal energy to meet the increasing demand for reliable renewable power. The firm achieves this through a special adaptation of existing deep well drilling techniques developed for the oil and gas industries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWell boreholes are drilled deep underground and fluid is injected into them to create fractures in the rock, increasing their permeability. This creates the necessary conditions to generate electricity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe hard work has already paid off. According to Fervo, early drilling results for the project in February 2024 indicate faster drilling times and a significant cost reduction at Cape Station, Fervo’s 400 MW project in Beaver County, Utah.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"Fervo Energy geothermal power plant.\" class=\"wp-image-118112\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=300,168 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=768,431 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eImage of one of Fervo Energy\u0026#8217;s geothermal power plants. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese encouraging results support ongoing commercialization efforts and readiness for large-scale agreements, including the world’s largest geothermal PPA. Fervo has now contracted 373 MW of renewable power from Cape Station.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Geothermal stands as the dependable and adaptable solution essential for California\u0026#8217;s journey towards a fully decarbonized grid,” said Dawn Owens, VP and head of development \u0026amp; commercial markets for Fervo Energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“As electrification increases and climate change burdens fragile infrastructure, geothermal will only play a bigger role in US power markets. Fervo looks forward to continuing to meet these needs, providing firm, clean power to help balance California’s energy portfolio,\u0026#8221; she added.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLooking ahead, the role of geothermal energy is expected to grow as innovations reduce costs and improve accessibility. Enhanced geothermal systems, such as those developed by Fervo Energy, could make geothermal resources available in regions previously considered unsuitable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis development will be essential for creating a more balanced and resilient renewable energy grid capable of delivering base-load power without carbon emissions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1e:T9e3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut how do we access this potent energy source? \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-geothermal-energy\"\u003eWhat is geothermal energy?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe clue is in the term. \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/geothermal/geothermal-basics#:~:text=Geothermal%20energy%20is%20heat%20energy,depths%20below%20the%20earth\" s%20surface.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGeothermal \u003c/a\u003eis a portmanteau of the words \u003cem\u003egeo \u003c/em\u003e(Greek for \u0026#8216;Earth\u0026#8217;) and \u003cem\u003etherme\u003c/em\u003e (Greek for \u0026#8216;heat\u0026#8217;).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Geothermal Power Everywhere: Tech Advances Rapidly\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/QByk4jJwp9c?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn its simplest sense, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/geothermal/#:~:text=The%20word%20geothermal%20comes%20from,buildings%2C%20and%20for%20generating%20electricity.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003egeothermal energy\u003c/a\u003e is any form of energy generated by using the Earth\u0026#8217;s heat, but it is a bit more complicated than that. The first thing to know is that the inside our planet is a very hot core.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis internal heat is produced from the radioactive decay of particles within the planet\u0026#8217;s crust, mantle, and core. Residual heat from the time of Earth\u0026#8217;s formation also accounts for some of it\u0026#8217;s internal heat, but this is a minor component.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-heat-beneath-our-feet\"\u003eThe heat beneath our feet\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLike in a nuclear reactor, this decay produces vestigial heat that gradually increases with depth. \u003ca href=\"https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geothermal_gradient#:~:text=The%20geothermal%20gradient%20is%20the,for%20every%20kilometer%20of%20depth.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eTemperatures\u003c/a\u003e can get pretty hot depending on where you look inside the Earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, scientists have found that the temperature of the Earth\u0026#8217;s inner core is approximately 10,800 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Amazingly, this is as hot as the surface of the Sun!\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1f:T7ee,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTemperatures in the mantle range from about 392°F at the mantle-crust boundary to approximately 7,230°F at the mantle-core boundary. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"Icelandic geothermal power plant.\" class=\"wp-image-118110\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=300,225 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=768,576 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eImage of the Icelandic \u003cem\u003eKrafla \u003c/em\u003egeothermal power plant. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eÁsgeir Eggertsson/Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOther heat sources exist on the planet, especially within the very thin crust on which we live. For example, rocks and water absorb heat from magma located deep underground. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSome places on the planet have been found to bring this inner heat source closer to the surface, proving to be ideal spots to tap geothermal energy. This is especially the case where magma bodies have infiltrated the Earth\u0026#8217;s crust (like under volcanoes or at plate boundaries).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs encouraging as this sounds, it is important to note that geothermal energy is not without its downsides. These include high initial costs and the need for specific geological conditions. Drilling deep into the Earth can be very expensive, and the success of geothermal projects largely depends on finding locations with adequate underground heat.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"20:T668,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThat being said, there are some \u0026#8216;hacks\u0026#8217; that can be exploited to maximize the significant return on investment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-which-countries-use-geothermal-energy\"\u003eWhich countries use geothermal energy?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003ePlaces like Iceland are prime examples. The island is formed on top of one of these boundaries, namely the mid-Atlantic ridge. Here, magma formed in the mantle often breaches the surface to form volcanoes and lava flows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis location offers a unique potential for renewable energy sources, especially geothermal energy, to be employed relatively easily. In fact, the nation is one of the world\u0026#8217;s preeminent geothermal energy leaders and uses it for many purposes, from direct heating to electrical generation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Geothermal energy is renewable and powerful. Why is most of it untapped?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/c7dy0hUZ9xI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTapping this energy source is much harder for the rest of the world, but not impossible. Since the temperature rises below the crust, drilling deep vertical boreholes is often the most common way to take advantage of this effectively \u0026#8216;free\u0026#8217; energy.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"21:T833,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/statistics/525206/geothermal-complexes-worldwide-by-size/#:~:text=The%20largest%20geothermal%20plant%20in,located%20north%20of%20San%20Francisco.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIn the United States\u003c/a\u003e, for example, geothermal fields like the Geysers are currently being tapped for this precious source of power. In fact, the largest geothermal plant in the world is the \u003ca href=\"https://geysers.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGeysers Geothermal Complex\u003c/a\u003e, located north of San Francisco. It has a production capacity of 900 megawatts and consists of 22 power plants spread over several miles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese kinds of power plants typically work by drilling deep into the Earth\u0026#8217;s crust to access heat stored in hot water reservoirs or dry rock. Water or another fluid is pumped into these hot zones, where it is heated and turned into steam. This steam drives turbines, generating electricity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-growing-global-power-source\"\u003eA growing global power source\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOther countries, such as Italy, Mexico, the Philippines, and Indonesia, heavily invest in this technology. Other nations, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/sumitomo-has-contributed-to-17-of-global-installed-geothermal-power-capacity/#:~:text=With%20this%20achievement%2C%20the%20total,global%20installed%20geothermal%20power%20capacity.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNew Zealand,\u003c/a\u003e are known for their volcanic landscape and generate about 17% of their electricity through geothermal power. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eib.org/en/projects/all/20150459#:~:text=More%20green%20power%20*%20Geothermal%20operations%20produce,electricity.%20*%20Reduction%20in%20fossil%20fuel%20emissions.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKenya\u003c/a\u003e, a leader in Africa\u0026#8217;s renewable energy initiatives, derives approximately 40% of its energy from geothermal sources, significantly contributing to its sustainable energy mix.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"22:Ta2a,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, California is about to join the geothermal gravy train thanks to the efforts of companies like Fervo Energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1010\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?w=800\" alt=\"Schematic of a hot-water hydrothermal system.\" class=\"wp-image-118111\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png 800w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=238,300 238w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=768,970 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eSchematic of a basic hot-water hydrothermal system. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eGoran tek-en/Wikimeida Commons\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fervo-energy-s-geothermal-technology\"\u003eFervo Energy\u0026#8217;s geothermal technology \u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHouston-based \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/2gw-geothermal-project-approved\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e has been in the news several times in the past few years with breakthroughs in geothermal power plant technology. This has included its combination of carbon capture and geothermal power plant, which was funded, in part, by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCarbon capture is very energy-intensive, so coming up with economical ways to harness it is beneficial. Methods like \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/co2-stored-in-concrete-first-time\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003edirect air carbon capture\u003c/a\u003e (DAC) are one example. DAC is believed to be essential for scrubbing the air of carbon dioxide to help reduce global temperatures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFervo also has few other projects, like in Nevada, that are designed to provide carbon-free, uninterputable renewable energy for \u003ca href=\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-technology-breakthrough-in-next-generation-geothermal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGoogle data centers\u003c/a\u003e. But, these are more of a niche application of geothermal energy. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"23:T774,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA far more interesting project is the company\u0026#8217;s recent 320 MW Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240625544692/en/Fervo-Energy-Announces-320-MW-Power-Purchase-Agreements-With-Southern-California-Edison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSouthern California Edison\u003c/a\u003e (SCE).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Why Google Is Spending Billions To Build A Geothermal Power Plant\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/AZcB6ME8VyI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder this 15-year agreement, Fervo will provide reliable, clean, and affordable power to 350,000 homes across Southern California. The project will also support SCE’s vision to help California transition to a cleaner energy future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the PPA, SCE will purchase power from Fervo Energy’s 400 MW Cape Station project, currently under construction in southwest Utah. The first phase of the project, totaling 70 MW, is expected to be operational by 2026, while the second phase should go live around 2028.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;This announcement is another milestone in California’s commitment to clean, zero-carbon electricity,\u0026#8221; said David Hochschild, the chair of California Energy Commission. \u0026#8220;Enhanced geothermal systems complement our abundant wind and solar resources by providing critical base load when those sources are limited.\u0026#8221; He added that this is key to ensuring reliability as we transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"24:T898,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-makes-fervo-s-geothermal-power-revolutionary\"\u003eWhat makes Fervo\u0026#8217;s geothermal power revolutionary?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt the core of Fervo’s innovative geothermal program is a drilling technology that allows geothermal energy to meet the increasing demand for reliable renewable power. The firm achieves this through a special adaptation of existing deep well drilling techniques developed for the oil and gas industries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWell boreholes are drilled deep underground and fluid is injected into them to create fractures in the rock, increasing their permeability. This creates the necessary conditions to generate electricity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe hard work has already paid off. According to Fervo, early drilling results for the project in February 2024 indicate faster drilling times and a significant cost reduction at Cape Station, Fervo’s 400 MW project in Beaver County, Utah.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"Fervo Energy geothermal power plant.\" class=\"wp-image-118112\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=300,168 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=768,431 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eImage of one of Fervo Energy\u0026#8217;s geothermal power plants. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese encouraging results support ongoing commercialization efforts and readiness for large-scale agreements, including the world’s largest geothermal PPA. Fervo has now contracted 373 MW of renewable power from Cape Station.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"25:T1e0e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eAGI by 2025? Why experts are divided on the future of AI\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Like HAL 9000, modern AI shows intelligence without true understanding—mastering tasks but missing human-like intuition.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AGI by 2025? Why experts are divided on the future of AI\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Like HAL 9000, modern AI shows intelligence without true understanding—mastering tasks but missing human-like intuition.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T16:28:00+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T16:28:07+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_57c928.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Sejal Sharma\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sejal Sharma\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Sejal Sharma\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/509efea0bd86f772177457b7c1a16164\"},\"headline\":\"What is AGI, really? Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T16:28:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T16:28:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\"},\"wordCount\":1482,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_57c928.jpg\",\"caption\":\"AGI\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_57c928.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"AI\",\"Inventions and Machines\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AI Logs\",\"Innovation\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2024\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\",\"name\":\"AGI by 2025? Why experts are divided on the future of AI\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_57c928.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T16:28:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T16:28:07+00:00\",\"description\":\"Like HAL 9000, modern AI shows intelligence without true understanding—mastering tasks but missing human-like intuition.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_57c928.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_57c928.jpg\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1080,\"caption\":\"AGI\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"News\",\"item\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Columns\",\"item\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/columns\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"AI Logs\",\"item\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/columns/ai-logs\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"What is AGI, really? Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\",\"name\":\"Interesting Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\",\"name\":\"Interesting Engineering\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/logo/image/\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Interesting_Engineering-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Interesting_Engineering-1.jpg\",\"width\":590,\"height\":198,\"caption\":\"Interesting Engineering\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/logo/image/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\",\"https://x.com/IntEngineering\",\"https://www.linkedin.com/company/interestingengineering/\"],\"email\":\"info@interestingengineering.com\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"201\",\"maxValue\":\"500\"},\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/home-page\"}]}\u003c/script\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video\" content=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/xXCBz_8hM9w\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:type\" content=\"text/html\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:duration\" content=\"2812\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:width\" content=\"480\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:height\" content=\"270\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:adult\" content=\"false\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:upload_date\" content=\"2024-11-26T16:28:00+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"26:T314b,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSejal Sharma is IE\u0026#8217;s AI columnist, offering deep dives into the world of artificial intelligence and its transformative impact across industries. Her bi-monthly AI Logs column explores the latest trends, breakthroughs, and ethical dilemmas in AI, delivering expert analysis and fresh insights. To stay informed, subscribe to our \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/newsletters/ai-logs/subscribe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eAI Logs newsletter\u003c/a\u003e for exclusive content.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIf you look at some of cinema\u0026#8217;s greatest and most bone-chilling villains, HAL 9000 from Stanley Kubrick\u0026#8217;s 1968 Marvel \u003cem\u003e2001: A Space Odyssey \u003c/em\u003eeasily ranks among the top 10.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHAL is one of the foremost portrayals of an artificial general intelligence (AGI), a human-level intellect or above in an artificial being. We never see him, but his words are creepily omnipresent in the film. \u0026#8220;I\u0026#8217;m sorry, Dave. I\u0026#8217;m afraid I can\u0026#8217;t do that,\u0026#8221; responds HAL to Dr David Bowman\u0026#8217;s request to re-enter the spacecraft, setting the stage for Bowman\u0026#8217;s slow and suffocating demise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHAL\u0026#8217;s calm yet increasingly menacing tone builds a sense of dread, reminiscent of when Sir Anthony Hopkins played Hannibal Lecter in 1991 and incidentally took inspiration from HAL.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFast-forward to today, and HAL’s chilling presence feels uncomfortably relevant as big tech races to develop AGI. With industry leaders predicting its arrival within just a few years, the question arises: Are we building the next HAL? Or is true AGI still a distant dream clouded by challenges?\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile those questions are yet to be answered, some of the top leaders in the AI industry are peddling that AGI will be achieved by 2025 or 2026.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn a recent interview, when Y Combinator\u0026#8217;s CEO Garry Tan asked OpenAI CEO Sam Altman what he\u0026#8217;s excited about in 2025, Altman said, \u0026#8220;AGI… that\u0026#8217;s the thing I\u0026#8217;ve been most excited about in my life,\u0026#8221; without elaborating on whether OpenAI has already developed it in their labs or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How To Build The Future: Sam Altman\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/xXCBz_8hM9w?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile venture capitalists and tech bros heading large corporations are inherently optimistic about the future of their products, Altman\u0026#8217;s prediction could have been brushed under the carpet had OpenAI not been the fastest-growing AI company in the world. But another AI CEO making a similar prediction has added fuel to all this AGI fire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eDario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic—the maker of AI chatbot Claude and a competitor to OpenAI\u0026#8217;s ChatGPT—also recently said that AGI can be expected in 2026 or 2027.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCommenting on the rapid progress of generative AI, Amodei explained, \u0026#8220;We\u0026#8217;re starting to get to PhD level, and last year we were at undergraduate level and the year before we were at the level of a high school student… but if you just eyeball the rate at which these capabilities are increasing, it does make you think that we\u0026#8217;ll get there by 2026 or 2027.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Dario Amodei: Anthropic CEO on Claude, AGI \u0026amp; the Future of AI \u0026amp; Humanity | Lex Fridman Podcast #452\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/ugvHCXCOmm4?start=8254\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMillions of dollars are riding on these expectations. The global AI market size has gone from $124 billion in 2022 to $184 billion in 2024. It is expected to be an \u003ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1474143/global-ai-market-size\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eindustry worth $826 billion by 2030\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut erring on the side of caution, Amodei also said that many things could go wrong and derail the development of AGI. For example, \u0026#8220;We could run out of data. We might not be able to scale clusters as much as we want. Maybe Taiwan gets blown up or something, and then we can\u0026#8217;t produce as many GPUs as we want,\u0026#8221; he said amusingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-is-ai-showing-signs-of-slowing-down\"\u003eIs AI showing signs of slowing down?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eToo bad Amodei didn\u0026#8217;t bet on things going wrong (though that would have been a bet against himself), but in the last couple of months alone, we are seeing signs that things are…progressing rather slowly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the things the AI industry has truly believed is that the more data an AI model will train on, the more efficient it will become. By that logic, superintelligent AI would be the outcome of the availability of big data, accelerated increases in computing power, and advances in machine learning. But some of the pioneers of the AI industry seem to be contradicting this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIlya Sutskever, co-founder of Safe Superintelligence and OpenAI, said that big gains from training AI on massive amounts of data have started to slow down.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;The 2010s were the age of scaling, now we\u0026#8217;re back in the age of wonder and discovery once again. Everyone is looking for the next thing,\u0026#8221; Sutskever told \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/openai-rivals-seek-new-path-smarter-ai-current-methods-hit-limitations-2024-11-11/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eReuters\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;Scaling the right thing matters more now than ever.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn a separate report, some insiders told \u003ca href=\"https://www.theinformation.com/articles/openai-shifts-strategy-as-rate-of-gpt-ai-improvements-slows\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Information\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e that OpenAI\u0026#8217;s Orion is shining in language tasks but stumbling in coding—an area where expectations are sky-high. Another \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-13/openai-google-and-anthropic-are-struggling-to-build-more-advanced-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBloomberg\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e report claims that the leap from GPT-4 to Orion seems far less impressive than the giant strides from GPT-3 to GPT-4, and that\u0026#8217;s causing some raised eyebrows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis trend isn\u0026#8217;t unique to OpenAI. Other major players like Google and Anthropic are also facing challenges with their latest models. These difficulties are prompting discussions about the need for new approaches to training AI beyond merely increasing model size and computational power.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA big part of the problem is also the AI industry\u0026#8217;s Achilles\u0026#8217; heel: data. OpenAI is running out of fresh training data and has set up a special team to hunt for more. Meanwhile, they\u0026#8217;re trying workarounds like fine-tuning models post-training, but that only papers over the cracks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-flailing-on-mathematical-reasoning\"\u003eFlailing on mathematical reasoning\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne other thing that shows that AI might not be where we thought it is is their performances in mathematical reasoning. Mathematical problems are widely used as benchmarks because they demand understanding of rules, the ability to manipulate them flexibly, and creativity in finding solutions—attributes often associated with human-like intelligence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA \u003ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003estudy\u003c/a\u003e published four days ago introduced a new benchmark called FrontierMath—a test with hundreds of very advanced math reasoning problems—to evaluate AI models. Researchers tested six top AI language models, namely OpenAI\u0026#8217;s o1-preview, o1-mini and GPT-4o, and Anthropic\u0026#8217;s Claude 3.5 Sonnet, xAI\u0026#8217;s Grok 2 Beta and Google\u0026#8217;s Gemini 1.5 Pro. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe results were disappointing—none of the models could solve even two percent of the problems, far worse than their performance on other math tests like GSM8K or AIME, where they\u0026#8217;ve almost maxed out their potential.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey also looked closer at the few problems that any model managed to solve. Even then, the results were inconsistent. For example, only one model—o1-preview—solved a problem correctly every single time it was tested.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-there-is-no-one-true-definition-of-agi\"\u003eThere is no one true definition of AGI\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAI pioneer \u003ca href=\"https://ojs.aaai.org/aimagazine/index.php/aimagazine/article/view/1850\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNils Nilsson\u0026#8217;s prediction\u003c/a\u003e in 2005 that \u0026#8220;achieving real human-level AI would necessarily imply that most of the tasks that humans perform for pay could be automated,\u0026#8221; emphasizes the challenge of defining AGI, as it raises questions about its societal implications. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThere will be a lot of debate when (or if) we finally hit AGI. And without a clear definition, researchers may disagree on whether a system truly qualifies as AGI.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ambiguity was recently highlighted by Fei-Fei Li, the so-called \u0026#8216;godmother of AI\u0026#8217; and a key figure in AI development. She expressed that she doesn\u0026#8217;t truly know what AGI means.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;I come from academic AI and have been educated in the more rigorous and evidence-based methods, so I don\u0026#8217;t really know what all these words mean,\u0026#8221; \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2024/10/03/even-the-godmother-of-ai-has-no-idea-what-agi-is/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003esaid Li\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;I frankly don\u0026#8217;t even know what AGI means. Like people say you know it when you see it, I guess I haven\u0026#8217;t seen it.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOthers, like \u003ca href=\"https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/sam-altman-artificial-intelligence-openai-profile.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAltman\u003c/a\u003e and Amodei, define AGI more concretely, likening it to collaborating with a highly intelligent human colleague. However, these definitions vary, and some researchers still question whether these AI systems meet the necessary criteria.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne thing is certain: scaling up will be essential. OpenAI outlines a tiered approach to AGI, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-11/openai-sets-levels-to-track-progress-toward-superintelligent-ai?embedded-checkout=true\u0026amp;sref=HrWXCALa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003efive levels of AI intelligence\u003c/a\u003e, ranging from basic chatbots to fully autonomous systems capable of running organizations, which it calls AGI. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith the launch of the o1 model, OpenAI is currently at Level 2—the reasoners level. And by early next year, reports say it is expected to reach Level 3 after launching an autonomous\u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-13/openai-nears-launch-of-ai-agents-to-automate-tasks-for-users\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e AI agent\u003c/a\u003e codenamed \u0026#8216;Operator.\u0026#8217; \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, considering the pace of progress and the recent reports of AI models showing signs of slowing down, Altman\u0026#8217;s prediction of achieving AGI by 2025 seems ambitious. How could AGI be reached by jumping two levels within a year, especially when the current trajectory suggests that AI\u0026#8217;s rapid advancements may be facing roadblocks?\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUltimately, as we continue to develop AI models, we may find ourselves in a situation similar to HAL 9000: a machine that seems to have intelligence yet remains somewhat distant from true human-like understanding. And with so many varying definitions of AGI, is there a chance that we might not recognize it when we finally see it?\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"27:T61d,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile those questions are yet to be answered, some of the top leaders in the AI industry are peddling that AGI will be achieved by 2025 or 2026.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn a recent interview, when Y Combinator\u0026#8217;s CEO Garry Tan asked OpenAI CEO Sam Altman what he\u0026#8217;s excited about in 2025, Altman said, \u0026#8220;AGI… that\u0026#8217;s the thing I\u0026#8217;ve been most excited about in my life,\u0026#8221; without elaborating on whether OpenAI has already developed it in their labs or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How To Build The Future: Sam Altman\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/xXCBz_8hM9w?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile venture capitalists and tech bros heading large corporations are inherently optimistic about the future of their products, Altman\u0026#8217;s prediction could have been brushed under the carpet had OpenAI not been the fastest-growing AI company in the world. But another AI CEO making a similar prediction has added fuel to all this AGI fire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eDario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic—the maker of AI chatbot Claude and a competitor to OpenAI\u0026#8217;s ChatGPT—also recently said that AGI can be expected in 2026 or 2027.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"28:T6c1,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCommenting on the rapid progress of generative AI, Amodei explained, \u0026#8220;We\u0026#8217;re starting to get to PhD level, and last year we were at undergraduate level and the year before we were at the level of a high school student… but if you just eyeball the rate at which these capabilities are increasing, it does make you think that we\u0026#8217;ll get there by 2026 or 2027.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Dario Amodei: Anthropic CEO on Claude, AGI \u0026amp; the Future of AI \u0026amp; Humanity | Lex Fridman Podcast #452\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/ugvHCXCOmm4?start=8254\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMillions of dollars are riding on these expectations. The global AI market size has gone from $124 billion in 2022 to $184 billion in 2024. It is expected to be an \u003ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1474143/global-ai-market-size\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eindustry worth $826 billion by 2030\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut erring on the side of caution, Amodei also said that many things could go wrong and derail the development of AGI. For example, \u0026#8220;We could run out of data. We might not be able to scale clusters as much as we want. Maybe Taiwan gets blown up or something, and then we can\u0026#8217;t produce as many GPUs as we want,\u0026#8221; he said amusingly.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"29:T564,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-is-ai-showing-signs-of-slowing-down\"\u003eIs AI showing signs of slowing down?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eToo bad Amodei didn\u0026#8217;t bet on things going wrong (though that would have been a bet against himself), but in the last couple of months alone, we are seeing signs that things are…progressing rather slowly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the things the AI industry has truly believed is that the more data an AI model will train on, the more efficient it will become. By that logic, superintelligent AI would be the outcome of the availability of big data, accelerated increases in computing power, and advances in machine learning. But some of the pioneers of the AI industry seem to be contradicting this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIlya Sutskever, co-founder of Safe Superintelligence and OpenAI, said that big gains from training AI on massive amounts of data have started to slow down.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;The 2010s were the age of scaling, now we\u0026#8217;re back in the age of wonder and discovery once again. Everyone is looking for the next thing,\u0026#8221; Sutskever told \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/openai-rivals-seek-new-path-smarter-ai-current-methods-hit-limitations-2024-11-11/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eReuters\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;Scaling the right thing matters more now than ever.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2a:T560,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn a separate report, some insiders told \u003ca href=\"https://www.theinformation.com/articles/openai-shifts-strategy-as-rate-of-gpt-ai-improvements-slows\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Information\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e that OpenAI\u0026#8217;s Orion is shining in language tasks but stumbling in coding—an area where expectations are sky-high. Another \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-13/openai-google-and-anthropic-are-struggling-to-build-more-advanced-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBloomberg\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e report claims that the leap from GPT-4 to Orion seems far less impressive than the giant strides from GPT-3 to GPT-4, and that\u0026#8217;s causing some raised eyebrows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis trend isn\u0026#8217;t unique to OpenAI. Other major players like Google and Anthropic are also facing challenges with their latest models. These difficulties are prompting discussions about the need for new approaches to training AI beyond merely increasing model size and computational power.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA big part of the problem is also the AI industry\u0026#8217;s Achilles\u0026#8217; heel: data. OpenAI is running out of fresh training data and has set up a special team to hunt for more. Meanwhile, they\u0026#8217;re trying workarounds like fine-tuning models post-training, but that only papers over the cracks.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2b:T4b0,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-flailing-on-mathematical-reasoning\"\u003eFlailing on mathematical reasoning\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne other thing that shows that AI might not be where we thought it is is their performances in mathematical reasoning. Mathematical problems are widely used as benchmarks because they demand understanding of rules, the ability to manipulate them flexibly, and creativity in finding solutions—attributes often associated with human-like intelligence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA \u003ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003estudy\u003c/a\u003e published four days ago introduced a new benchmark called FrontierMath—a test with hundreds of very advanced math reasoning problems—to evaluate AI models. Researchers tested six top AI language models, namely OpenAI\u0026#8217;s o1-preview, o1-mini and GPT-4o, and Anthropic\u0026#8217;s Claude 3.5 Sonnet, xAI\u0026#8217;s Grok 2 Beta and Google\u0026#8217;s Gemini 1.5 Pro. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe results were disappointing—none of the models could solve even two percent of the problems, far worse than their performance on other math tests like GSM8K or AIME, where they\u0026#8217;ve almost maxed out their potential.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2c:T4a3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey also looked closer at the few problems that any model managed to solve. Even then, the results were inconsistent. For example, only one model—o1-preview—solved a problem correctly every single time it was tested.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-there-is-no-one-true-definition-of-agi\"\u003eThere is no one true definition of AGI\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAI pioneer \u003ca href=\"https://ojs.aaai.org/aimagazine/index.php/aimagazine/article/view/1850\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNils Nilsson\u0026#8217;s prediction\u003c/a\u003e in 2005 that \u0026#8220;achieving real human-level AI would necessarily imply that most of the tasks that humans perform for pay could be automated,\u0026#8221; emphasizes the challenge of defining AGI, as it raises questions about its societal implications. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThere will be a lot of debate when (or if) we finally hit AGI. And without a clear definition, researchers may disagree on whether a system truly qualifies as AGI.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ambiguity was recently highlighted by Fei-Fei Li, the so-called \u0026#8216;godmother of AI\u0026#8217; and a key figure in AI development. She expressed that she doesn\u0026#8217;t truly know what AGI means.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2d:T722,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;I come from academic AI and have been educated in the more rigorous and evidence-based methods, so I don\u0026#8217;t really know what all these words mean,\u0026#8221; \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2024/10/03/even-the-godmother-of-ai-has-no-idea-what-agi-is/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003esaid Li\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;I frankly don\u0026#8217;t even know what AGI means. Like people say you know it when you see it, I guess I haven\u0026#8217;t seen it.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOthers, like \u003ca href=\"https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/sam-altman-artificial-intelligence-openai-profile.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAltman\u003c/a\u003e and Amodei, define AGI more concretely, likening it to collaborating with a highly intelligent human colleague. However, these definitions vary, and some researchers still question whether these AI systems meet the necessary criteria.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne thing is certain: scaling up will be essential. OpenAI outlines a tiered approach to AGI, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-11/openai-sets-levels-to-track-progress-toward-superintelligent-ai?embedded-checkout=true\u0026amp;sref=HrWXCALa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003efive levels of AI intelligence\u003c/a\u003e, ranging from basic chatbots to fully autonomous systems capable of running organizations, which it calls AGI. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith the launch of the o1 model, OpenAI is currently at Level 2—the reasoners level. And by early next year, reports say it is expected to reach Level 3 after launching an autonomous\u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-13/openai-nears-launch-of-ai-agents-to-automate-tasks-for-users\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e AI agent\u003c/a\u003e codenamed \u0026#8216;Operator.\u0026#8217; \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2e:T1f13,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eExtinct human species found in North China with unique large heads\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Researchers believe that the extinct human species lived in small groups, which might have made them susceptible to snowstorms.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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content=\"2024-11-26T15:24:28+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T15:24:35+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screen-Shot-2024-11-26-at-9.14.40-PM.png\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Maria Mocerino\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Maria Mocerino\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" 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content=\"2024-11-26T15:24:28+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2f:T13a1,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eA new species of hominin or humans has been discovered in Northern China with an unforgettable physical feature— large heads. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEveryone knows the Neanderthals, homo sapiens, and Denisovans are amongst the first human species. The sapiens are considered the modern humans in that grouping that migrated out of Africa. However, according to research out of China, the number of prehistoric human species might be growing.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“The morphological diversity among late Quaternary hominin fossils from eastern Asia is greater than we expected,” the authors of a new study stated. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, “a number of new eastern Asian hominin taxa” have appeared on researcher’s radar over the past several decades. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAmong them, making headlines, is a new species that has been given an apt name \u0026#8211; Homo juluensis \u0026#8211; for their strikingly large heads. Ju Lu means “huge head\u0026#8221; in Chinese, as the \u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post\u003c/em\u003e reports. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe ancient human with an impressive head size is shaking up this area of science that lies at the foundation of us, humans. Study authors propose that the Denisovans are actually\u0026nbsp;Homo juluensis\u0026nbsp;and that this research contributes to the “decolonization” of the field so that Asia can assume its rightful place.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-species-of-hominid-in-china-homo-juluensis\"\u003eA new species of hominid in China: Homo juluensis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1970s, fossils belonging to 16 individuals were found in two different locations in China. They appeared to belong to a unique species. Thousands of artifacts, stone tools, and animal bones were also uncovered. Strikingly, as lead researchers explained, they seemed to have stumbled upon a horse kill site.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHomo juluensis\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003eseemed to have hunted wild horses as a group which they would use entirely, consuming the meat, marrow, and cartilage, and making clothes with the hides with stone tools to survive the brutal winters. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith such an evocative snapshot of the inner workings of this proposed new human species, it sparks many questions, as to what happened to them. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers believe that they lived in small groups, which might have made them susceptible to snowstorms, but they seemed to disappear about 120,000 years ago as modern humans began to migrate across the world. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-era-for-the-earliest-humans\"\u003eA new era for the earliest humans?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut first, study authors strike a clear line between this new species of hominin with others but draw a controversial similarity to the Denisovans. Their teeth are alike, leading them to suggest that the Denisovans aren’t related to the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/neanderthals-hunted-cave-lions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eNeanderthals\u003c/a\u003e but are, in fact, Homo juluensis.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eChinese researchers argued to\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;that Denisovan refers to a general population rather than a specific species. But Westerners want Chinese fossils to take on this name, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/how-neanderthals-and-denisovans-interbred-due-to-early-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eDenisovan\u003c/a\u003e, but they are proposing the opposite if a \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/ancient-human-genetic-material-found-preserved-in-2-million-year-old-teeth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003enew species\u003c/a\u003e has been identified, which they claim has been done.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt’s time to reorganize our understanding of the first humans, according to research heads Christopher Bae and Wu Xiujie. As they told\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3288005/big-head-big-teeth-big-implications-early-hominid-china-stirs-new-species-debate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSCMP\u003c/a\u003e,\u0026nbsp;“\u003c/em\u003emultiple hominin lineages” are turning up in research dating back between 300,000-50,000 years ago.\u0026nbsp;So we might have more than one human species to add to the prehistoric list. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“The eastern Asian record is prompting us to recognize just how complex human evolution is more generally and really forcing us to revise and rethink our interpretations of various evolutionary models to better match the growing fossil record.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Return of the Ekranoplan\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/q-hr-Qc4Dz0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"30:T447,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-species-of-hominid-in-china-homo-juluensis\"\u003eA new species of hominid in China: Homo juluensis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1970s, fossils belonging to 16 individuals were found in two different locations in China. They appeared to belong to a unique species. Thousands of artifacts, stone tools, and animal bones were also uncovered. Strikingly, as lead researchers explained, they seemed to have stumbled upon a horse kill site.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHomo juluensis\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003eseemed to have hunted wild horses as a group which they would use entirely, consuming the meat, marrow, and cartilage, and making clothes with the hides with stone tools to survive the brutal winters. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith such an evocative snapshot of the inner workings of this proposed new human species, it sparks many questions, as to what happened to them. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers believe that they lived in small groups, which might have made them susceptible to snowstorms, but they seemed to disappear about 120,000 years ago as modern humans began to migrate across the world. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"31:T6ef,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-era-for-the-earliest-humans\"\u003eA new era for the earliest humans?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut first, study authors strike a clear line between this new species of hominin with others but draw a controversial similarity to the Denisovans. Their teeth are alike, leading them to suggest that the Denisovans aren’t related to the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/neanderthals-hunted-cave-lions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eNeanderthals\u003c/a\u003e but are, in fact, Homo juluensis.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eChinese researchers argued to\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;that Denisovan refers to a general population rather than a specific species. But Westerners want Chinese fossils to take on this name, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/how-neanderthals-and-denisovans-interbred-due-to-early-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eDenisovan\u003c/a\u003e, but they are proposing the opposite if a \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/ancient-human-genetic-material-found-preserved-in-2-million-year-old-teeth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003enew species\u003c/a\u003e has been identified, which they claim has been done.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt’s time to reorganize our understanding of the first humans, according to research heads Christopher Bae and Wu Xiujie. As they told\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3288005/big-head-big-teeth-big-implications-early-hominid-china-stirs-new-species-debate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSCMP\u003c/a\u003e,\u0026nbsp;“\u003c/em\u003emultiple hominin lineages” are turning up in research dating back between 300,000-50,000 years ago.\u0026nbsp;So we might have more than one human species to add to the prehistoric list. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"32:T1fab,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eUK: Robot dogs are sniffing out profits in agriculture for farmers\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"UK scientists trial robots with gamma ray detectors to map soil health, offering faster, precise insights to 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property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T15:04:18+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T15:04:25+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T193826.433.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Jijo Malayil\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" 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content=\"2024-11-26T15:04:18+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"33:T1bd6,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eScientists are testing a new robotic technology to help farmers quickly assess soil health in the United Kingdom.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA gamma ray detector, developed by a local Cornish company, is being used to map soil quality on fields in Cornwell. The detector is mounted on tracked robots and quadrupeds for accessibility and quicker turnaround times. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAccording to a British news provider, the trial, which is being conducted in collaboration with the University of Plymouth, aims to provide farmers with more efficient ways to monitor soil conditions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe technology, which offers faster and more accurate results than traditional methods, could boost farm profitability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-regenerative-farming\"\u003eRegenerative farming\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eGlobally, 12 million hectares of agricultural soil are lost annually due to degradation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn England and Wales, a 2019 UK Environment Agency report revealed that 17% of soils showed signs of erosion, with four million hectares at risk of compaction from grazing animals or heavy machinery. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAn additional 300,000 hectares were polluted. Despite these challenges, soil health metrics remain hard to quantify, and governments rarely implement long-term systematic sampling strategies.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFarmers are increasingly adopting regenerative agriculture to combat soil degradation and promote recovery. Practices like planting cover crops, reducing tillage, direct drilling, managing grazing carefully, planting trees, and boosting organic matter help protect and restore soils.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How are robots built?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/oHKCwyUa2rg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, innovative technologies are enabling farmers and scientists to measure soil conditions more accurately. By working together, ecologists and farmers are turning to sustainable strategies to address the global soil crisis and safeguard agricultural productivity for the future.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDespite extensive research on soils, it has become apparent that soil assessments, particularly those advised for farmers, often prioritize physical and chemical measures. These assessments frequently overlook the diverse communities of organisms—ranging from microbes and fungi to earthworms and plants—that inhabit the soil.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditionally, sampling strategies rarely account for the significant variations in soil conditions, which can differ greatly within a single field or across seasons.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026#8220;Detecting changes over years or between management practices is often prohibitively expensive to farmers, as large numbers of replicate samples are needed. New research and technology can help close this gap,\u0026#8221; said Jennifer Rowntree, associate professor in Ecological Genetics, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, in an \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/from-robots-and-drones-to-sheep-trackers-new-tech-can-help-farmers-monitor-and-improve-soil-health-227250\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003earticle\u003c/a\u003e on \u003cem\u003eThe Conversation\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-farming-tech-advancements-including-robots\"\u003eFarming tech advancements -including robots\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003ePlowing and other intensive agricultural techniques disturb microbial networks and release stored carbon, which has a substantial negative influence on \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/electrically-conductive-soil-boosts-growth-by-50-in-plants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esoil\u003c/a\u003e health. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to researchers, while industrial fertilizers and pesticides damage soil organisms and contaminate streams, heavy grazing compacts the soil, decreasing its ability to absorb water. New robot using technologies provide ways to monitor and safeguard the health of the soil.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSatellite sensors, which offer precise photos, make tracking plant growth, disease, soil deterioration, and water content possible. Thanks to these insights, farmers are better able to make decisions regarding sustainable practices.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSoil sensors—like portable near-infrared devices—measure \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eorganic\u003c/a\u003e matter without disturbing crops. Mounted on drones or robotic \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/engineers-create-robots-function-without-electricity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eplatforms\u003c/a\u003e, they can navigate rough terrain efficiently, while robotic “dogs” access tight spaces like hedgerows. Soil microbial chemical reactions may even power future sensors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How AI Farming Robots Can Fix Agriculture\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aVcQp-WQbF0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the recent project, the £25,000 gamma detector from Robotriks, measures naturally occurring radiation levels in soil, offering a faster alternative to traditional methods. Typically, soil samples are manually collected from several field areas and sent to a laboratory, and results take days or weeks to arrive.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yxw9wr3j4o\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBBC\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e claims that the procedure is expensive and time-consuming, restricting the number of samples a farmer can afford. By offering thorough maps of soil properties, the new tool mounted on the robot seeks to expedite this process and facilitate more rapid, data-driven farming decisions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnimal sensors also monitor cattle movements, detecting regions where soil compaction is likely to occur. These sensors, in conjunction with long-range networks like LoRaWAN, ensure dependable data transmission even in remote locations.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDNA technology is also advancing soil monitoring. Thanks to handheld sequencers that map microbial communities and quickly identify dangerous infections like Fusarium, farmers can now swiftly modify their methods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Rowntree, collaborative efforts between researchers and farmers are vital for developing accessible tools to monitor soil health. These innovations support sustainable farming, ensuring soil preservation for future generations.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"34:Tb17,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-regenerative-farming\"\u003eRegenerative farming\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eGlobally, 12 million hectares of agricultural soil are lost annually due to degradation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn England and Wales, a 2019 UK Environment Agency report revealed that 17% of soils showed signs of erosion, with four million hectares at risk of compaction from grazing animals or heavy machinery. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAn additional 300,000 hectares were polluted. Despite these challenges, soil health metrics remain hard to quantify, and governments rarely implement long-term systematic sampling strategies.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFarmers are increasingly adopting regenerative agriculture to combat soil degradation and promote recovery. Practices like planting cover crops, reducing tillage, direct drilling, managing grazing carefully, planting trees, and boosting organic matter help protect and restore soils.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How are robots built?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/oHKCwyUa2rg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, innovative technologies are enabling farmers and scientists to measure soil conditions more accurately. By working together, ecologists and farmers are turning to sustainable strategies to address the global soil crisis and safeguard agricultural productivity for the future.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDespite extensive research on soils, it has become apparent that soil assessments, particularly those advised for farmers, often prioritize physical and chemical measures. These assessments frequently overlook the diverse communities of organisms—ranging from microbes and fungi to earthworms and plants—that inhabit the soil.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditionally, sampling strategies rarely account for the significant variations in soil conditions, which can differ greatly within a single field or across seasons.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026#8220;Detecting changes over years or between management practices is often prohibitively expensive to farmers, as large numbers of replicate samples are needed. New research and technology can help close this gap,\u0026#8221; said Jennifer Rowntree, associate professor in Ecological Genetics, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, in an \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/from-robots-and-drones-to-sheep-trackers-new-tech-can-help-farmers-monitor-and-improve-soil-health-227250\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003earticle\u003c/a\u003e on \u003cem\u003eThe Conversation\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"35:T630,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-farming-tech-advancements-including-robots\"\u003eFarming tech advancements -including robots\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003ePlowing and other intensive agricultural techniques disturb microbial networks and release stored carbon, which has a substantial negative influence on \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/electrically-conductive-soil-boosts-growth-by-50-in-plants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esoil\u003c/a\u003e health. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to researchers, while industrial fertilizers and pesticides damage soil organisms and contaminate streams, heavy grazing compacts the soil, decreasing its ability to absorb water. New robot using technologies provide ways to monitor and safeguard the health of the soil.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSatellite sensors, which offer precise photos, make tracking plant growth, disease, soil deterioration, and water content possible. Thanks to these insights, farmers are better able to make decisions regarding sustainable practices.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSoil sensors—like portable near-infrared devices—measure \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eorganic\u003c/a\u003e matter without disturbing crops. Mounted on drones or robotic \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/engineers-create-robots-function-without-electricity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eplatforms\u003c/a\u003e, they can navigate rough terrain efficiently, while robotic “dogs” access tight spaces like hedgerows. Soil microbial chemical reactions may even power future sensors.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"36:T6e5,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How AI Farming Robots Can Fix Agriculture\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aVcQp-WQbF0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the recent project, the £25,000 gamma detector from Robotriks, measures naturally occurring radiation levels in soil, offering a faster alternative to traditional methods. Typically, soil samples are manually collected from several field areas and sent to a laboratory, and results take days or weeks to arrive.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yxw9wr3j4o\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBBC\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e claims that the procedure is expensive and time-consuming, restricting the number of samples a farmer can afford. By offering thorough maps of soil properties, the new tool mounted on the robot seeks to expedite this process and facilitate more rapid, data-driven farming decisions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnimal sensors also monitor cattle movements, detecting regions where soil compaction is likely to occur. These sensors, in conjunction with long-range networks like LoRaWAN, ensure dependable data transmission even in remote locations.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDNA technology is also advancing soil monitoring. Thanks to handheld sequencers that map microbial communities and quickly identify dangerous infections like Fusarium, farmers can now swiftly modify their methods.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"37:T209e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eMIT develops new industrial water filter inspired by manta rays\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Inspired by this natural filtering mechanism, MIT engineers have designed new water filters for industrial purposes. \" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MIT develops new industrial water filter inspired by manta rays\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Inspired by this natural filtering mechanism, MIT engineers have designed new water filters for industrial purposes. \" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:15:19+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:15:27+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-2_71c5e8.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/696f755f1eed421bdfd49e34e42a53ae\"},\"headline\":\"MIT unveils manta ray-inspired water filter design for industrial plants\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T14:15:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T14:15:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\"},\"wordCount\":557,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-2_71c5e8.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Engineers fabricated a simple water filter modeled after the mobula ray’s plankton-filtering features. 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These vortices trap plankton particles, directing them into the ray\u0026#8217;s gullet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We show that the mobula ray has evolved the geometry of these plates to be the perfect size to balance feeding and breathing,” said Anette “Peko” Hosoi, the study author at MIT.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123196\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg 900w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg?resize=300,200 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg?resize=768,512 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eMobula rays engulf seawater and use specialized filters in their oral cavity to separate food particles.\u0026nbsp;Jing Xue\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-filter-with-permeability-and-selectivity\"\u003eFilter with permeability and selectivity\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIndustrial filters require a balance between permeability and selectivity. This determines how readily fluid can pass through a filter and its ability to capture particles of a specific size.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, the mobula ray efficiently balances both permeability and selectivity in its feeding mechanism.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers questioned if the ray\u0026#8217;s efficient design could inspire improvements in industrial filters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey fabricated a simple filter and referred to its design as a “leaky channel.” Basically, a device consisting of a pipe with openings along its sides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe filter consisted of two flat, transparent acrylic plates. They are glued together at their ends, creating a long, narrow channel between them. This channel allows liquid to pass through it.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, they inserted 3D-printed structures, mimicking the mobula ray\u0026#8217;s mouth grooves, at one end of this channel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How do we get clean drinking water?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/PEKXB3N6g3I?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cross-flow-filtration-blueprint\"\u003eCross-flow filtration blueprint\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers experimented with different \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mits-new-silk-cellulose-water-filter-blocks-stubborn-forever-chemicals-metals\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ewater\u003c/a\u003e flow rates in their filters. Dye was added to the water to track its flow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt low flow rates, the water smoothly passed through the grooves. However, as the flow rate increased, the water began to swirl at the entrance of each groove, forming vortices. This vortex formation prevented particles from passing through the filter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This vortex is not blocking water, but it is blocking particles,” Hosoi explained.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Whereas in a slower flow, particles go through the filter with the water, at higher flow rates, particles try to get through the filter but are blocked by this vortex and are shot down the channel instead. The vortex is helpful because it prevents particles from flowing out,” Hosoi added.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team suggests that the formation of vortices is the key to the mobula ray\u0026#8217;s ability to efficiently filter plankton from water.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, they utilized experimental results and mobula ray-filtering dimensions to develop a cross-flow \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/device-ultra-clean-water-hydroponic-system\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efiltration\u003c/a\u003e blueprint.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“You want to design a filter such that you’re in the regime where you generate vortices,” Hosoi said.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our guidelines tell you: If you want your plant to pump at a certain rate, then your filter has to have a particular pore diameter and spacing to generate vortices that will filter out particles of this size. The mobula ray is giving us a really nice rule of thumb for rational design,” the author concluded in the \u003ca href=\"https://news.mit.edu/2024/mit-engineers-design-manta-ray-inspired-water-filters-1125\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2410018121\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"39:T7bb,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We show that the mobula ray has evolved the geometry of these plates to be the perfect size to balance feeding and breathing,” said Anette “Peko” Hosoi, the study author at MIT.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123196\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg 900w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg?resize=300,200 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg?resize=768,512 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eMobula rays engulf seawater and use specialized filters in their oral cavity to separate food particles.\u0026nbsp;Jing Xue\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-filter-with-permeability-and-selectivity\"\u003eFilter with permeability and selectivity\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIndustrial filters require a balance between permeability and selectivity. This determines how readily fluid can pass through a filter and its ability to capture particles of a specific size.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, the mobula ray efficiently balances both permeability and selectivity in its feeding mechanism.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers questioned if the ray\u0026#8217;s efficient design could inspire improvements in industrial filters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey fabricated a simple filter and referred to its design as a “leaky channel.” Basically, a device consisting of a pipe with openings along its sides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe filter consisted of two flat, transparent acrylic plates. They are glued together at their ends, creating a long, narrow channel between them. This channel allows liquid to pass through it.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"3a:T6d7,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, they inserted 3D-printed structures, mimicking the mobula ray\u0026#8217;s mouth grooves, at one end of this channel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How do we get clean drinking water?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/PEKXB3N6g3I?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cross-flow-filtration-blueprint\"\u003eCross-flow filtration blueprint\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers experimented with different \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mits-new-silk-cellulose-water-filter-blocks-stubborn-forever-chemicals-metals\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ewater\u003c/a\u003e flow rates in their filters. Dye was added to the water to track its flow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt low flow rates, the water smoothly passed through the grooves. However, as the flow rate increased, the water began to swirl at the entrance of each groove, forming vortices. This vortex formation prevented particles from passing through the filter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This vortex is not blocking water, but it is blocking particles,” Hosoi explained.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Whereas in a slower flow, particles go through the filter with the water, at higher flow rates, particles try to get through the filter but are blocked by this vortex and are shot down the channel instead. The vortex is helpful because it prevents particles from flowing out,” Hosoi added.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"3b:T4d9,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team suggests that the formation of vortices is the key to the mobula ray\u0026#8217;s ability to efficiently filter plankton from water.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, they utilized experimental results and mobula ray-filtering dimensions to develop a cross-flow \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/device-ultra-clean-water-hydroponic-system\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efiltration\u003c/a\u003e blueprint.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“You want to design a filter such that you’re in the regime where you generate vortices,” Hosoi said.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our guidelines tell you: If you want your plant to pump at a certain rate, then your filter has to have a particular pore diameter and spacing to generate vortices that will filter out particles of this size. The mobula ray is giving us a really nice rule of thumb for rational design,” the author concluded in the \u003ca href=\"https://news.mit.edu/2024/mit-engineers-design-manta-ray-inspired-water-filters-1125\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2410018121\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"3c:T1f49,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eSpin-powered crystals could boost hydrogen production 200 times\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"These crystals can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spin-powered crystals could boost hydrogen production 200 times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"These crystals can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:14:23+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:14:30+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_448eae.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta 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/\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"3d:T12fb,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen is increasingly seen as an important element in the transition to a low-carbon future. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNow, researchers have discovered a new approach to improve the efficiency of water splitting, a process that produces clean hydrogen fuel.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMax Planck Institute researchers used a special type of crystal called\u0026nbsp;topological chiral crystals.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals, with their unique chiral structure, possess extraordinary quantum properties. They can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;By leveraging the unique spin properties of electrons, we\u0026#8217;ve created a catalyst that outperforms traditional materials by a factor of 200,\u0026#8221; said Binghai Yan.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-overcoming-slow-reaction-challenge\"\u003eOvercoming slow reaction challenge \u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eHydrogen\u003c/a\u003e is a versatile fuel that can be used in various applications, including transportation, power generation, and industrial processes. It offers a clean and sustainable alternative to greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, it can be stored and transported efficiently, making it a valuable solution for storing excess renewable energy. Therefore, the demand is expected to exponentially increase in the coming years. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWater splitting is a promising technique for producing clean hydrogen energy by breaking water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, this process is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe OER involves a complex series of electron transfer steps, which are inherently slow. This sluggishness majorly reduces the overall efficiency of water splitting, making it less cost-effective.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo overcome this challenge, researchers are actively exploring new ways to accelerate the process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn this new development, the researchers turned to these crystals with unique \u0026#8220;chiral\u0026#8221; structures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;These crystals are essentially quantum machines,\u0026#8221; said Dr. Xia Wang, lead researcher from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals possess a distinct left- or right-handed atomic arrangement, which allows them to interact with light and other chiral molecules in specific ways.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis manipulation helps to speed up the oxygen evolution reaction for successful water splitting.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Outboard\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/p3qhZaBOEoQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-enhances-the-process\"\u003eEnhances the process\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers designed topological chiral crystals, which were composed of various elements like rhodium, silicon, tin, and bismuth. This provides the crystals with a remarkable ability to manipulate the spin of electrons.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe unique quantum properties of these crystals allow electrons to move more efficiently toward the oxygen generation sites during the water-splitting process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis accelerated electron transfer significantly boosts the overall reaction rate, making it 200 times more efficient than traditional catalysts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We are aware that our catalysts still contain rare elements, however we are confident that based on our design scheme we will come up soon with highly efficient and also sustainable catalysts,” Yan added in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis discovery has the potential to advance the energy sector. With more efficient hydrogen production, it can power our homes, vehicles, and industries with clean, renewable energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eclean hydrogen\u003c/a\u003e production faces challenges like high costs and efficiency issues, but continued research and development promise to make it a crucial part of a clean energy future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01674-9\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNature Energy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"3e:T525,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;By leveraging the unique spin properties of electrons, we\u0026#8217;ve created a catalyst that outperforms traditional materials by a factor of 200,\u0026#8221; said Binghai Yan.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-overcoming-slow-reaction-challenge\"\u003eOvercoming slow reaction challenge \u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eHydrogen\u003c/a\u003e is a versatile fuel that can be used in various applications, including transportation, power generation, and industrial processes. It offers a clean and sustainable alternative to greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, it can be stored and transported efficiently, making it a valuable solution for storing excess renewable energy. Therefore, the demand is expected to exponentially increase in the coming years. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWater splitting is a promising technique for producing clean hydrogen energy by breaking water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, this process is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe OER involves a complex series of electron transfer steps, which are inherently slow. This sluggishness majorly reduces the overall efficiency of water splitting, making it less cost-effective.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"3f:T62f,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo overcome this challenge, researchers are actively exploring new ways to accelerate the process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn this new development, the researchers turned to these crystals with unique \u0026#8220;chiral\u0026#8221; structures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;These crystals are essentially quantum machines,\u0026#8221; said Dr. Xia Wang, lead researcher from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals possess a distinct left- or right-handed atomic arrangement, which allows them to interact with light and other chiral molecules in specific ways.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis manipulation helps to speed up the oxygen evolution reaction for successful water splitting.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Outboard\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/p3qhZaBOEoQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-enhances-the-process\"\u003eEnhances the process\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers designed topological chiral crystals, which were composed of various elements like rhodium, silicon, tin, and bismuth. This provides the crystals with a remarkable ability to manipulate the spin of electrons.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"40:T49e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe unique quantum properties of these crystals allow electrons to move more efficiently toward the oxygen generation sites during the water-splitting process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis accelerated electron transfer significantly boosts the overall reaction rate, making it 200 times more efficient than traditional catalysts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We are aware that our catalysts still contain rare elements, however we are confident that based on our design scheme we will come up soon with highly efficient and also sustainable catalysts,” Yan added in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis discovery has the potential to advance the energy sector. With more efficient hydrogen production, it can power our homes, vehicles, and industries with clean, renewable energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eclean hydrogen\u003c/a\u003e production faces challenges like high costs and efficiency issues, but continued research and development promise to make it a crucial part of a clean energy future.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"41:T208d,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eeVinci microreactors to be used for new floating nuclear power plants\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Floating nuclear power plants will allow operators to deploy microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"eVinci microreactors to be used for new floating nuclear power plants\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Floating nuclear power plants will allow operators to deploy microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:10+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:18+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/core-power-nuclear.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Chris Young\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta 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content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:10+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"42:T1681,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company and CORE POWER have announced a cooperative agreement to jointly design and develop a floating nuclear power plant (FNPP). The companies will use Westinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci nuclear microreactor as the foundation for the FNPP. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Westinghouse, eVinci is capable of operating for eight years without refueling. That reliability, as well as the flexibility of shipping deployment, will make it a potent energy source.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFloating reactors have the potential to alter our relationship with nuclear power, as they provide a highly transportable source of cost-effective nuclear power. According to CORE POWER, this flexibility will be crucial for governments to reach their net zero goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-no-net-zero-without-nuclear\"\u003e\u0026#8220;No net zero without nuclear\u0026#8221;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFNPPs will allow operators to deploy nuclear microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved. They could also send more reactors as needed to areas where demand is high. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy operating offshore, these floating reactors are also safe from tsunamis, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. Thus, they can preemptively prevent nuclear disasters like the one seen \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-retrieves-melted-fuel-from-fukushima-reactor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ein Fukushima\u003c/a\u003e, Japan, following the 2012 earthquake and tsunami in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company claims its eVinci nuclear microreactor is perfectly suited to this type of transportability. It requires very little maintenance. What\u0026#8217;s more, it can operate for up to eight years at full capacity without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the agreement, Westinghouse Electric Company will also utilize its proprietary heat pipe technology. This technology improves reliability and enables a non-pressurized method for passively transferring heat from the nuclear core to a power conversion system. This removes the need for water cooling and complex systems. CORE POWER will bring its expertise with floating power plant solutions to the table.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“There’s no net zero without nuclear,\u0026#8221; Mikal Bøe, CEO of CORE POWER explained in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress statement\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;A long series of identical turnkey power plants using multiple installations of the Westinghouse eVinci microreactor delivered by sea, creates a real opportunity to scale nuclear as the perfect solution to meet the rapidly growing demand for clean, flexible and reliable electricity delivered on time and on budget.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;Our unique partnership with Westinghouse is a game changer for how customers buy nuclear energy,” he continued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=361\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-evinci-microreactor\"\u003eThe eVinci microreactor\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci microreactor essentially works as a battery, the company says. It is fully assembled in the factory and can be easily shipped in a container. The machine has very few moving parts and can be used for power systems ranging from just a few kilowatts to five megawatts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eeVinvi is also capable of producing high-temperature heat for industrial applications, including the production of hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“With this groundbreaking agreement, we will demonstrate the viability of the eVinci technology for innovative use cases where power is needed in remote locations or in areas with land limitations,” said Jon Ball, President of eVinci Technologies at Westinghouse. “We look forward to our partnership with CORE POWER, bringing the unique advantages of eVinci microreactors to maritime and coastal applications, potentially even paving the way for future disaster relief efforts.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company has a strong track record, having supplied the world’s first commercial pressurized water reactor in 1957. The firm also says its technology forms the basis for almost half of all operating nuclear plants worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September, the company \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eannounced\u003c/a\u003e it had successfully completed the Front-End Engineering and Experimenting Design (FEEED) phase of the eVinci microreactor. That milestone paves the way for testing of a 5MW microreactor within two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMany believe nuclear energy will be crucial to bridge the gap as government\u0026#8217;s worldwide scale their renewable energy infrastructure. As such, other firms like the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eUS\u0026#8217;s Seaborg\u003c/a\u003e, are also looking to build large fleets of floating reactors to provide the energy we need to move away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"43:T4f3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFloating reactors have the potential to alter our relationship with nuclear power, as they provide a highly transportable source of cost-effective nuclear power. According to CORE POWER, this flexibility will be crucial for governments to reach their net zero goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-no-net-zero-without-nuclear\"\u003e\u0026#8220;No net zero without nuclear\u0026#8221;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFNPPs will allow operators to deploy nuclear microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved. They could also send more reactors as needed to areas where demand is high. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy operating offshore, these floating reactors are also safe from tsunamis, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. Thus, they can preemptively prevent nuclear disasters like the one seen \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-retrieves-melted-fuel-from-fukushima-reactor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ein Fukushima\u003c/a\u003e, Japan, following the 2012 earthquake and tsunami in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company claims its eVinci nuclear microreactor is perfectly suited to this type of transportability. It requires very little maintenance. What\u0026#8217;s more, it can operate for up to eight years at full capacity without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"44:T456,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the agreement, Westinghouse Electric Company will also utilize its proprietary heat pipe technology. This technology improves reliability and enables a non-pressurized method for passively transferring heat from the nuclear core to a power conversion system. This removes the need for water cooling and complex systems. CORE POWER will bring its expertise with floating power plant solutions to the table.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“There’s no net zero without nuclear,\u0026#8221; Mikal Bøe, CEO of CORE POWER explained in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress statement\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;A long series of identical turnkey power plants using multiple installations of the Westinghouse eVinci microreactor delivered by sea, creates a real opportunity to scale nuclear as the perfect solution to meet the rapidly growing demand for clean, flexible and reliable electricity delivered on time and on budget.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"45:T6e1,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;Our unique partnership with Westinghouse is a game changer for how customers buy nuclear energy,” he continued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=361\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-evinci-microreactor\"\u003eThe eVinci microreactor\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci microreactor essentially works as a battery, the company says. It is fully assembled in the factory and can be easily shipped in a container. The machine has very few moving parts and can be used for power systems ranging from just a few kilowatts to five megawatts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eeVinvi is also capable of producing high-temperature heat for industrial applications, including the production of hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“With this groundbreaking agreement, we will demonstrate the viability of the eVinci technology for innovative use cases where power is needed in remote locations or in areas with land limitations,” said Jon Ball, President of eVinci Technologies at Westinghouse. “We look forward to our partnership with CORE POWER, bringing the unique advantages of eVinci microreactors to maritime and coastal applications, potentially even paving the way for future disaster relief efforts.”\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"46:T46c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company has a strong track record, having supplied the world’s first commercial pressurized water reactor in 1957. The firm also says its technology forms the basis for almost half of all operating nuclear plants worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September, the company \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eannounced\u003c/a\u003e it had successfully completed the Front-End Engineering and Experimenting Design (FEEED) phase of the eVinci microreactor. That milestone paves the way for testing of a 5MW microreactor within two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMany believe nuclear energy will be crucial to bridge the gap as government\u0026#8217;s worldwide scale their renewable energy infrastructure. As such, other firms like the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eUS\u0026#8217;s Seaborg\u003c/a\u003e, are also looking to build large fleets of floating reactors to provide the energy we need to move away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"47:T1c78,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eEV game-changer: Next-gen Blade battery from BYD to launch in 2025\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Cao Shuang revealed that BYD is planning to release the next generation of Blade batteries for EVs in 2025.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/byd-blade-battery-second-gen-unveiling\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"EV game-changer: Next-gen Blade battery from BYD to launch in 2025\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cao Shuang revealed that BYD is planning to release the next generation of Blade batteries for EVs in 2025.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/byd-blade-battery-second-gen-unveiling\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:05:49+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:05:57+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-97.png\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 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Conference (COP29).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eShuang revealed that the company is planning to release the next generation of Blade batteries for EVs in 2025, as per him the new model is expected to offer an extended lifespan, alongside enhancing the driving range of the EVs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt is expected that the second-generation Blade battery will build on the less bulky first model lithium-iron-phosphate battery the company had launched in 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe first model Blade battery had reportedly been considered safer, and non-flammable as compared to the other offerings in the market for powering EVs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eWhat makes BYD’s Blade batteries better?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBYD \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/byd-says-it-will-launch-new-generation-blade-batteries-next-year-2024-11-25/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003estates\u003c/a\u003e that its Blade battery uses Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP), which has undergone testing through the nail penetration method.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the nail penetration test, a nail is driven through the center of the battery cell until it penetrates to the other side, causing a short circuit inside the battery cell.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBYD had \u003ca href=\"https://www.bydbdautogroup.com/en/byd-blade-battery-en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eearlier reported\u003c/a\u003e that its Blade battery had demonstrated higher safety standards in the test as compared to Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide and Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts design resembles that of a blade, making it thinner and longer than conventional batteries. This design enables Blade batteries to dissipate heat more quickly than typical rectangular cell batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the event of a short circuit within a cell, it does not affect other cells, thus preventing continuous electrical short circuits, as per the company.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the biggest advantages of the Blade battery is that it is designed using cell-to-pack technology (CTP). It means each cell can be directly packed without the need for module packing, allowing for more cells to be added.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, it can also enhance the structural strength of the EVs by serving as a reinforcement material for their frames.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-additional-benefits\"\u003eAdditional benefits\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe company also states that the Blade batteries have lower production costs compared to NMC (Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide) battery.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts decomposition temperature is around 518 degree Fahrenheit (270 degree Celsius) as compared to the NMC’s 410 degree Fahrenheit (210 degree Celsius) and NCA’s 302 degree Fahrenheit (150 degree Celsius).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe higher decomposition temperature makes it safer for use. Moreover, once damaged the LFP Blade battery releases less heat \u0026#8211; approximately 200 J/g, whereas NMC and NCA batteries can release up to 600 and 900 J/g of heat, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA report by South Korean publication \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2024-11-25/business/industry/BYD-confident-it-can-extinguish-Koreas-EV-fire-fears-with-Blade-battery/2185662\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKorea JoongAng Daily\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e mentions that BYD is pitching Blade \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/apple-byd-long-range-ev-battery-success\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ebatteries\u003c/a\u003e as a viable alternative for powering EVs in the Asian country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe report states the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/uber-partners-byd-evs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eChinese\u003c/a\u003e manufacturer is presenting it as a safe option to help curtail the fear in the minds of the consumers which resulted from a number of EV battery fires reported in the country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe company is planning its official debut in the Korean market in January 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"49:T5e5,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt is expected that the second-generation Blade battery will build on the less bulky first model lithium-iron-phosphate battery the company had launched in 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe first model Blade battery had reportedly been considered safer, and non-flammable as compared to the other offerings in the market for powering EVs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eWhat makes BYD’s Blade batteries better?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBYD \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/byd-says-it-will-launch-new-generation-blade-batteries-next-year-2024-11-25/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003estates\u003c/a\u003e that its Blade battery uses Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP), which has undergone testing through the nail penetration method.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the nail penetration test, a nail is driven through the center of the battery cell until it penetrates to the other side, causing a short circuit inside the battery cell.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBYD had \u003ca href=\"https://www.bydbdautogroup.com/en/byd-blade-battery-en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eearlier reported\u003c/a\u003e that its Blade battery had demonstrated higher safety standards in the test as compared to Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide and Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts design resembles that of a blade, making it thinner and longer than conventional batteries. This design enables Blade batteries to dissipate heat more quickly than typical rectangular cell batteries.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"4a:T4c4,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe higher decomposition temperature makes it safer for use. Moreover, once damaged the LFP Blade battery releases less heat \u0026#8211; approximately 200 J/g, whereas NMC and NCA batteries can release up to 600 and 900 J/g of heat, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA report by South Korean publication \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2024-11-25/business/industry/BYD-confident-it-can-extinguish-Koreas-EV-fire-fears-with-Blade-battery/2185662\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKorea JoongAng Daily\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e mentions that BYD is pitching Blade \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/apple-byd-long-range-ev-battery-success\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ebatteries\u003c/a\u003e as a viable alternative for powering EVs in the Asian country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe report states the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/uber-partners-byd-evs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eChinese\u003c/a\u003e manufacturer is presenting it as a safe option to help curtail the fear in the minds of the consumers which resulted from a number of EV battery fires reported in the country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe company is planning its official debut in the Korean market in January 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"4b:T200e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eChina unveils hacker-proof microcomputer to boost cybersecurity\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"China’s Purple Mountain Laboratories has unveiled a new high-tech “microcomputer” - called ESC0830 - at the Nanjing conference.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"China unveils hacker-proof microcomputer to boost cybersecurity\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"China’s Purple Mountain Laboratories has unveiled a new high-tech “microcomputer” - called ESC0830 - at the Nanjing conference.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:52:25+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-27T08:17:17+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-98.png?w=1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/696f755f1eed421bdfd49e34e42a53ae\"},\"headline\":\"China’s US quarter-sized microcomputer has 3 cores to counter hackers\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T13:52:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-27T08:17:17+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\"},\"wordCount\":540,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-98.png\",\"caption\":\"Representational image of a US quarter dollar coin alongside a chip.\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-98.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Inventions and Machines\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Innovation\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2024\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\",\"name\":\"China unveils hacker-proof microcomputer to boost cybersecurity\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-98.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T13:52:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-27T08:17:17+00:00\",\"description\":\"China’s Purple Mountain Laboratories has unveiled a new high-tech “microcomputer” - 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It\u0026#8217;s a state-of-the-art security device, engineered to resist advanced cyber threats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post (SCMP)\u003c/em\u003e reported that this “self-contained microcomputer” is 100 times more robust than standard ones to hackers.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eReportedly, the lab recently showcased its hacker-proof microcontroller unit (MCU) dubbed ESC0830 at the Nanjing conference.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMCUs are single, versatile chips that automate tasks in many industries. Advanced MCUs are used in critical systems and offer robust security in industrial control and financial payment systems.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-microcomputer-s-triple-core-architecture\"\u003eMicrocomputer\u0026#8217;s triple core architecture\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, this newly introduced MCU \u0026#8211; ESC0830 \u0026#8211; is roughly the size of a US quarter. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith its triple-core (processing units) architecture, it can continue functioning even if one core is compromised. It\u0026#8217;s like having a backup plan for the digital world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ensures that the device remains operational and secure, even in the face of a cyber attack.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This development marks the end of an era of vulnerable MCUs,” Wu Jiangxing, project lead, and the lab’s chief scientist told \u003cem\u003eScience and Technology Daily.\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe developers state that the new MCU is also compatible with existing systems and devices. It can be directly substituted for older, less secure MCUs without requiring any modifications to the surrounding circuitry. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis compatibility significantly reduces the cost and complexity of upgrading devices, making it a more attractive option for businesses, according to the developers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"💻 How Are Microchips Made?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/g8Qav3vIv9s?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cost-effective-security-solution\"\u003eCost-effective security solution\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMCUs are the brains behind many household appliances. They\u0026#8217;re small, efficient computers on a single chip that control various functions within devices like washing machines, and televisions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/new-microchip-material-is-10-times-stronger-than-kevlar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003emicrochips\u003c/a\u003e are designed to be energy-efficient, consuming minimal power while performing their tasks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September 2024, a series of explosions occurred in Lebanon, targeting members of the Hezbollah group.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e \u003c/sup\u003eThese explosions were triggered by detonated pagers and walkie-talkies, the \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3288218/how-chinese-lab-aims-keep-data-hackers-bay-new-mcu-design\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSCMP\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e reported. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eThis incident highlighted a concerning vulnerability: the potential for everyday electronic devices to be exploited for malicious purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eBBC\u003c/em\u003e reported that hackers might have remotely exploited the devices\u0026#8217; MCUs to trigger explosions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt raised questions about the security of embedded systems and the need for robust security measures, even in seemingly simple devices.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe new MCU could offer a cost-effective security solution.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe applications of this technology are endless. From the smartphones in our pockets to the infrastructure that powers our cities, this microchip can safeguard it all. This is a major step toward a more secure digital world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt took two years for the Purple Mountain Laboratories to develop this high-tech MCU.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFounded in 2018, the government lab is at the forefront of network security research, collaborating with industry leaders.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe MCU project is a national initiative led by State Grid.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"4d:T425,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post (SCMP)\u003c/em\u003e reported that this “self-contained microcomputer” is 100 times more robust than standard ones to hackers.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eReportedly, the lab recently showcased its hacker-proof microcontroller unit (MCU) dubbed ESC0830 at the Nanjing conference.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMCUs are single, versatile chips that automate tasks in many industries. Advanced MCUs are used in critical systems and offer robust security in industrial control and financial payment systems.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-microcomputer-s-triple-core-architecture\"\u003eMicrocomputer\u0026#8217;s triple core architecture\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, this newly introduced MCU \u0026#8211; ESC0830 \u0026#8211; is roughly the size of a US quarter. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith its triple-core (processing units) architecture, it can continue functioning even if one core is compromised. It\u0026#8217;s like having a backup plan for the digital world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ensures that the device remains operational and secure, even in the face of a cyber attack.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"4e:T6b6,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This development marks the end of an era of vulnerable MCUs,” Wu Jiangxing, project lead, and the lab’s chief scientist told \u003cem\u003eScience and Technology Daily.\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe developers state that the new MCU is also compatible with existing systems and devices. It can be directly substituted for older, less secure MCUs without requiring any modifications to the surrounding circuitry. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis compatibility significantly reduces the cost and complexity of upgrading devices, making it a more attractive option for businesses, according to the developers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"💻 How Are Microchips Made?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/g8Qav3vIv9s?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cost-effective-security-solution\"\u003eCost-effective security solution\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMCUs are the brains behind many household appliances. They\u0026#8217;re small, efficient computers on a single chip that control various functions within devices like washing machines, and televisions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/new-microchip-material-is-10-times-stronger-than-kevlar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003emicrochips\u003c/a\u003e are designed to be energy-efficient, consuming minimal power while performing their tasks.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"4f:T4a0,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September 2024, a series of explosions occurred in Lebanon, targeting members of the Hezbollah group.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e \u003c/sup\u003eThese explosions were triggered by detonated pagers and walkie-talkies, the \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3288218/how-chinese-lab-aims-keep-data-hackers-bay-new-mcu-design\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSCMP\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e reported. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eThis incident highlighted a concerning vulnerability: the potential for everyday electronic devices to be exploited for malicious purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eBBC\u003c/em\u003e reported that hackers might have remotely exploited the devices\u0026#8217; MCUs to trigger explosions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt raised questions about the security of embedded systems and the need for robust security measures, even in seemingly simple devices.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe new MCU could offer a cost-effective security solution.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe applications of this technology are endless. From the smartphones in our pockets to the infrastructure that powers our cities, this microchip can safeguard it all. This is a major step toward a more secure digital world.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"50:T1f3c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eScientists use sunlight to break the toughest plastic to recycle\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Instead of external compounds, the researchers used carbon black, already embedded in black polystyrene, as the heat-converting agent.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/scientists-use-sunlight-to-convert-plastic-waste\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Scientists use sunlight to break the toughest plastic to recycle\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Instead of external compounds, the researchers used carbon black, already embedded in black polystyrene, as the heat-converting agent.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/scientists-use-sunlight-to-convert-plastic-waste\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:24:21+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:24:30+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T180140.110.jpg\" 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content=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/e5EEAH773uw\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:type\" content=\"text/html\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:duration\" content=\"547\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:width\" content=\"480\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:height\" content=\"270\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:adult\" content=\"false\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:upload_date\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:24:21+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"51:T14e3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eBlack polystyrene, widely used in food containers, coffee lids, and packaging, is notoriously hard to recycle. Its dark color, achieved with carbon black pigment, thwarts optical scanners used in recycling plants, and the pigment complicates conventional recycling methods. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNow, scientists from Cornell and Princeton universities have developed a groundbreaking method that uses sunlight and carbon black itself to transform this challenging waste into reusable materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Simple, visible light irradiation holds the potential to transform the chemical recycling of plastics, using the additives already found in many commercial products,” say the paper’s authors, Sewon Oh, Hanning Jiang and Erin Stache.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-challenge-with-black-polystyrene\"\u003eThe challenge with black polystyrene\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile bans on single-use plastics are increasing, black polystyrene remains prevalent. Its recycling challenges stem from two major issues—sorting difficulties and an energy-intensive breakdown. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOptical scanners, crucial for sorting plastics in \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastic-waste-turned-into-valuable-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003erecycling\u003c/a\u003e facilities, cannot detect black polystyrene because it absorbs light instead of reflecting it. This makes automated identification and sorting nearly impossible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionaly, breaking polystyrene’s molecular bonds traditionally requires heating it to over 572°F (300°C) in oxygen-free chambers. This process is costly and inefficient, making it unsuitable for large-scale recycling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne promising alternative, photothermal conversion, uses light to heat plastics through a helper compound that converts light into localized heat. However, the inclusion of these compounds raises concerns about generating additional waste or altering the properties of the plastic during its initial use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-approach-using-carbon-black\"\u003eA new approach using carbon black\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInstead of introducing external compounds, the researchers leveraged carbon black, already embedded in black polystyrene, as the heat-converting agent. This approach eliminates the need for additional additives while utilizing a component that was previously considered an obstacle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn their experiments, the team ground lab-made black polystyrene into a fine powder and placed it under high-intensity white LED lights. The carbon black absorbed the light, generating localized heat that broke the polystyrene into smaller molecules known as styrenes. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese styrenes, along with the remaining carbon black, were then recycled into new polystyrene, achieving a closed-loop process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhen tested with consumer waste like food containers and lids, the results were promising. Up to 53% of the material was converted back into styrene. With concentrated sunlight, efficiency soared to 80%. Even mixed waste with black, yellow, red, and clear polystyrene converted at a 67% efficiency in sunlight, thanks to carbon black’s heat-conversion properties.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-step-towards-sustainable-plastic-recycling\"\u003eA step towards sustainable plastic recycling\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis method’s reliance on sunlight and existing materials makes it both cost-effective and sustainable. Concentrated sunlight offers the highest efficiency, making the process adaptable to regions with abundant \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/artificial-sun-nuclear-fusion-new-method\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esunlight\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEven with contamination from substances like canola oil or orange juice, the method showed minimal efficiency loss, demonstrating its robustness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy addressing both the sorting and energy challenges of black \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/green-hydrogen-from-plastic-waste\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003epolystyrene recycling\u003c/a\u003e, this innovation represents a significant step toward reducing landfill waste. Additionally, it could pave the way for recycling other hard-to-process colored plastics, moving closer to a circular economy for plastic use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs environmental regulations on single-use \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastics-turned-into-graphene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eplastics\u003c/a\u003e tighten, solutions like this could become crucial for managing plastic waste.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe study was recently published in \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2024/november/using-sunlight-to-recycle-black-plastics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eACS Central Science\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Waste Plastic is Converted into Fuel\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/e5EEAH773uw?start=54\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"52:T49a,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Simple, visible light irradiation holds the potential to transform the chemical recycling of plastics, using the additives already found in many commercial products,” say the paper’s authors, Sewon Oh, Hanning Jiang and Erin Stache.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-challenge-with-black-polystyrene\"\u003eThe challenge with black polystyrene\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile bans on single-use plastics are increasing, black polystyrene remains prevalent. Its recycling challenges stem from two major issues—sorting difficulties and an energy-intensive breakdown. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOptical scanners, crucial for sorting plastics in \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastic-waste-turned-into-valuable-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003erecycling\u003c/a\u003e facilities, cannot detect black polystyrene because it absorbs light instead of reflecting it. This makes automated identification and sorting nearly impossible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionaly, breaking polystyrene’s molecular bonds traditionally requires heating it to over 572°F (300°C) in oxygen-free chambers. This process is costly and inefficient, making it unsuitable for large-scale recycling.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"53:T491,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese styrenes, along with the remaining carbon black, were then recycled into new polystyrene, achieving a closed-loop process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhen tested with consumer waste like food containers and lids, the results were promising. Up to 53% of the material was converted back into styrene. With concentrated sunlight, efficiency soared to 80%. Even mixed waste with black, yellow, red, and clear polystyrene converted at a 67% efficiency in sunlight, thanks to carbon black’s heat-conversion properties.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-step-towards-sustainable-plastic-recycling\"\u003eA step towards sustainable plastic recycling\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis method’s reliance on sunlight and existing materials makes it both cost-effective and sustainable. Concentrated sunlight offers the highest efficiency, making the process adaptable to regions with abundant \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/artificial-sun-nuclear-fusion-new-method\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esunlight\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEven with contamination from substances like canola oil or orange juice, the method showed minimal efficiency loss, demonstrating its robustness.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"54:T5e5,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy addressing both the sorting and energy challenges of black \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/green-hydrogen-from-plastic-waste\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003epolystyrene recycling\u003c/a\u003e, this innovation represents a significant step toward reducing landfill waste. Additionally, it could pave the way for recycling other hard-to-process colored plastics, moving closer to a circular economy for plastic use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs environmental regulations on single-use \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastics-turned-into-graphene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eplastics\u003c/a\u003e tighten, solutions like this could become crucial for managing plastic waste.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe study was recently published in \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2024/november/using-sunlight-to-recycle-black-plastics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eACS Central Science\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Waste Plastic is Converted into Fuel\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/e5EEAH773uw?start=54\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; 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new brakes to improve EV performance, reduce brake dust\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mercedes unveils In-Drive Brakes, an EV system integrating brakes into the motor for better efficiency, cleaner streets, and improved aerodynamics.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:06:56+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:07:03+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T155712.838.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Jijo Malayil\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jijo Malayil\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jijo Malayil\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/a3eddb9abcff4bb68deb73b9ddcaa0b5\"},\"headline\":\"Mercedes unleashes new EV braking system to push electric power and performance\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T13:06:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T13:07:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\"},\"wordCount\":573,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T155712.838.jpg\",\"caption\":\"There is no traditional caliper; 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Positioned where the half-shafts connect, the innovative design integrates the brakes directly into the motor assembly.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Mercedes system replaces calipers with a circular brake pad mounted on the electric motor\u0026#8217;s output shaft. The pad presses against a stationary, water-cooled ring within a sealed enclosure.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhile the prototype demonstrates this approach on the rear axle, it has the potential to function on both the front and rear axles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAccording to Mercedes, the innovation offers better ride quality, cleaner streets by containing brake dust, and streamlined wheel designs for improved aerodynamics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-integrated-brake-innovation\"\u003eIntegrated brake innovation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEVs rely on regenerative braking for 98 percent of their deceleration needs, but friction brakes are still essential for the remaining 2 percent, especially during critical high-demand stops.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA complete emergency stop may need up to 2200 kW of power, but regenerative braking usually provides up to 290 kW. However, because friction brakes are rarely used, their rotors typically rust, which results in brake dust, noise, and decreased efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World\u0026#039;s First Electric Road: Charging EVs While Driving\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/FI_FrKb2dZY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMercedes is creating an inventive remedy known as In-Drive Brakes to address these problems. This concept relocates the brakes from the wheels to inside the electric drive motor, near the half-shafts connecting to the wheels. Currently demonstrated on the rear axle, the system could potentially work on both axles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn contrast to traditional disc brakes, the In-Drive Brakes function similarly to a clutch system in manual gearboxes. For EVs, a cleaner, more integrated, and more effective braking solution is provided by a rotating disc that is fixed to the half-shaft.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-effortless-ev-braking\"\u003eEffortless EV braking\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe proposed braking system replaces conventional disc brakes with a design resembling a manual transmission clutch. It features a rotating disc, integrated with the half-shaft of each wheel, coated with \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/discovery-law-of-friction-minimizes-energy-loss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efriction\u003c/a\u003e material near its edges. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTwo fixed, non-rotating flywheel-like plates flank this disc, with an annular hydraulic cylinder compressing the assembly. This causes the friction disc to drag against the fixed plates, slowing the vehicle.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTo disperse heat produced during braking, the system has liquid-cooled fixed plates that are completely contained in housings at the motor\u0026#8217;s ends. Each brake housing incorporates a sump to collect brake dust, ensuring brakes that endure the car\u0026#8217;s lifespan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Mercedes, by removing the requirement for cooling air passages, this enclosed design guarantees silent operation maintains clean wheels, lowers unsprung weight, and provides design flexibility for wheels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"We Don\u0026#039;t Have Enough Power for EVs\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/-bVjC7bSTw0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea works well with front-motor configurations or even cars without motors, which makes it more appealing for \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/battery-80-charge-15-minutes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eEVs\u003c/a\u003e if the price is comparable to that of conventional brakes. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe system complements the cutting-edge technology of the Mercedes Future Technology Lab and is quiet, effective, and low-maintenance. We\u0026#8217;re excited to see this innovative method used in the next car models since it has the potential to revolutionize braking systems completely.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMercedes claims the In-Drive \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/a-team-of-mechanics-built-a-how-to-air-brake-for-a-lada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eBrake\u003c/a\u003e system is designed to last the vehicle\u0026#8217;s lifetime without requiring servicing, potentially saving owners thousands in brake repairs and replacements. Brake dust is collected in a sealed compartment that never needs emptying.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"57:T6b7,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-integrated-brake-innovation\"\u003eIntegrated brake innovation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEVs rely on regenerative braking for 98 percent of their deceleration needs, but friction brakes are still essential for the remaining 2 percent, especially during critical high-demand stops.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA complete emergency stop may need up to 2200 kW of power, but regenerative braking usually provides up to 290 kW. However, because friction brakes are rarely used, their rotors typically rust, which results in brake dust, noise, and decreased efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World\u0026#039;s First Electric Road: Charging EVs While Driving\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/FI_FrKb2dZY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMercedes is creating an inventive remedy known as In-Drive Brakes to address these problems. This concept relocates the brakes from the wheels to inside the electric drive motor, near the half-shafts connecting to the wheels. Currently demonstrated on the rear axle, the system could potentially work on both axles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn contrast to traditional disc brakes, the In-Drive Brakes function similarly to a clutch system in manual gearboxes. For EVs, a cleaner, more integrated, and more effective braking solution is provided by a rotating disc that is fixed to the half-shaft.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"58:T4ad,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-effortless-ev-braking\"\u003eEffortless EV braking\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe proposed braking system replaces conventional disc brakes with a design resembling a manual transmission clutch. It features a rotating disc, integrated with the half-shaft of each wheel, coated with \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/discovery-law-of-friction-minimizes-energy-loss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efriction\u003c/a\u003e material near its edges. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTwo fixed, non-rotating flywheel-like plates flank this disc, with an annular hydraulic cylinder compressing the assembly. This causes the friction disc to drag against the fixed plates, slowing the vehicle.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTo disperse heat produced during braking, the system has liquid-cooled fixed plates that are completely contained in housings at the motor\u0026#8217;s ends. Each brake housing incorporates a sump to collect brake dust, ensuring brakes that endure the car\u0026#8217;s lifespan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Mercedes, by removing the requirement for cooling air passages, this enclosed design guarantees silent operation maintains clean wheels, lowers unsprung weight, and provides design flexibility for wheels.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"59:T61e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"We Don\u0026#039;t Have Enough Power for EVs\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/-bVjC7bSTw0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea works well with front-motor configurations or even cars without motors, which makes it more appealing for \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/battery-80-charge-15-minutes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eEVs\u003c/a\u003e if the price is comparable to that of conventional brakes. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe system complements the cutting-edge technology of the Mercedes Future Technology Lab and is quiet, effective, and low-maintenance. We\u0026#8217;re excited to see this innovative method used in the next car models since it has the potential to revolutionize braking systems completely.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMercedes claims the In-Drive \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/a-team-of-mechanics-built-a-how-to-air-brake-for-a-lada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eBrake\u003c/a\u003e system is designed to last the vehicle\u0026#8217;s lifetime without requiring servicing, potentially saving owners thousands in brake repairs and replacements. Brake dust is collected in a sealed compartment that never needs emptying.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"5a:T1cbb,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eUltra-fast charging lithium battery boosts EV, electric aircraft range\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Using chemical component of betadine, researchers at Monash University have improved charging rates and power density of the lithium-sulfur battery.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ultra-fast charging lithium battery boosts EV, electric aircraft range\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Using chemical component of betadine, researchers at Monash University have improved charging rates and power density of the lithium-sulfur battery.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-27T11:11:30+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-27T11:11:37+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ameya Paleja\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/228699245718b47295471284aabc21c5\"},\"headline\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-27T11:11:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-27T11:11:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\"},\"wordCount\":542,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Representational stock image of an air taxi. \"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; 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The newly developed batteries deliver twice the energy density of a conventional lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, according to a university press release.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInvented in the 1980s, lithium-ion batteries are now the mainstay of energy storage for small electronic devices or large electric vehicles. Even renewable energy storage banks on lithium-ion batteries due to their superior energy density and storage capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLithium-sulfur batteries might be in the news now, but they were actually invented two decades before their Li-ion counterparts. However, the limitations of internal chemistries have resulted in Li-S batteries taking a back seat in their development, which is slowly being addressed.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-improving-li-s-batteries\"\u003eImproving Li-S batteries\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the shortcomings of the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/fist-lithium-sulfur-battery-gigafactory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eLi-S battery\u003c/a\u003e are reduced power delivery and fewer charge cycles. This is primarily due to the anode and cathode materials used in the battery. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSince sulfur serves as the cathode and lithium-ion as the anode, lithium is not re-deposited on the anode during the recharging process. Instead, the resulting chemical deposits degrade the anode and the electrolyte, slowing down recharging times and power output.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInspired by the chemistry of betadine, a commonly used antiseptic, researchers at Monash University found a way to improve the charge and discharge rates of Li-S batteries. The antiseptic contains polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a synthetic polymer that can react with other molecules to form compounds with different properties.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing PVP as a catalyst in Li-S batteries accelerates chemical reactions, facilitating faster charge and discharge rates.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123481\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg 1920w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eLithium-sulfur batteries could deliver flying taxis where lithium-ion batteries have fallen short so far. Image credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/conceptual-evtol-aircrafts-as-a-taxi-shuttle-service-at-the-helipad-on-top-of-a-gm1394967815-450245371?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eadventtr/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eBetter, safer, greener\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our catalyst has significantly enhanced the C-rate performance of Li-S batteries, demonstrated in early proof-of-concept prototype cells,” said\u0026nbsp; Mainak Majumder, professor at Monash University, who led the research. “With commercial scaling and larger cell production, this technology could deliver energy densities up to 400 Wh/kg.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn comparison, Li-ion batteries have an energy density of 150 \u0026#8211; 235 Wh/ kg. The higher energy density of the Li-S battery can propel electric vehicles for another 600 miles (1,000 km), helping to transition to electrified transport.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhat makes \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/solid-state-lithium-batteries-cathode-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eLi-S batteries\u003c/a\u003e even special is that they can also achieve quick discharge rates. “This makes it well-suited for applications requiring dynamic performance, such as aviation, where batteries must handle high C-rates during take-off and efficiently switch to low C-rates during cruising,” added Majumber in the press release. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNot only does the addition of the catalyst reduce charging times, but it also makes the batteries safer, as they were previously prone to short circuits and fires. Li-S batteries are also environmentally more sustainable since they do not require cobalt, whose extraction is an energy-intensive process. Sulfur is widely available and inexpensive.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Imagine an electric vehicle that can travel from Melbourne to Sydney on a single charge or a smartphone that charges in minutes — we’re on the cusp of making this a reality,” added Petar Jovanović, a research fellow at Monash University and co-lead author of the paper which published the research findings in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202403092\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAdvanced Engineering Materials\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"5c:T539,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLithium-sulfur batteries might be in the news now, but they were actually invented two decades before their Li-ion counterparts. However, the limitations of internal chemistries have resulted in Li-S batteries taking a back seat in their development, which is slowly being addressed.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-improving-li-s-batteries\"\u003eImproving Li-S batteries\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the shortcomings of the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/fist-lithium-sulfur-battery-gigafactory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eLi-S battery\u003c/a\u003e are reduced power delivery and fewer charge cycles. This is primarily due to the anode and cathode materials used in the battery. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSince sulfur serves as the cathode and lithium-ion as the anode, lithium is not re-deposited on the anode during the recharging process. Instead, the resulting chemical deposits degrade the anode and the electrolyte, slowing down recharging times and power output.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInspired by the chemistry of betadine, a commonly used antiseptic, researchers at Monash University found a way to improve the charge and discharge rates of Li-S batteries. The antiseptic contains polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a synthetic polymer that can react with other molecules to form compounds with different properties.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"5d:T934,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing PVP as a catalyst in Li-S batteries accelerates chemical reactions, facilitating faster charge and discharge rates.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123481\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg 1920w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eLithium-sulfur batteries could deliver flying taxis where lithium-ion batteries have fallen short so far. Image credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/conceptual-evtol-aircrafts-as-a-taxi-shuttle-service-at-the-helipad-on-top-of-a-gm1394967815-450245371?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eadventtr/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eBetter, safer, greener\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our catalyst has significantly enhanced the C-rate performance of Li-S batteries, demonstrated in early proof-of-concept prototype cells,” said\u0026nbsp; Mainak Majumder, professor at Monash University, who led the research. “With commercial scaling and larger cell production, this technology could deliver energy densities up to 400 Wh/kg.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn comparison, Li-ion batteries have an energy density of 150 \u0026#8211; 235 Wh/ kg. The higher energy density of the Li-S battery can propel electric vehicles for another 600 miles (1,000 km), helping to transition to electrified transport.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhat makes \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/solid-state-lithium-batteries-cathode-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eLi-S batteries\u003c/a\u003e even special is that they can also achieve quick discharge rates. “This makes it well-suited for applications requiring dynamic performance, such as aviation, where batteries must handle high C-rates during take-off and efficiently switch to low C-rates during cruising,” added Majumber in the press release. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"5e:T1f49,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eSpin-powered crystals could boost hydrogen production 200 times\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"These crystals can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spin-powered crystals could boost hydrogen production 200 times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"These crystals can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:14:23+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:14:30+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_448eae.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" 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/\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"5f:T12fb,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen is increasingly seen as an important element in the transition to a low-carbon future. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNow, researchers have discovered a new approach to improve the efficiency of water splitting, a process that produces clean hydrogen fuel.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMax Planck Institute researchers used a special type of crystal called\u0026nbsp;topological chiral crystals.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals, with their unique chiral structure, possess extraordinary quantum properties. They can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;By leveraging the unique spin properties of electrons, we\u0026#8217;ve created a catalyst that outperforms traditional materials by a factor of 200,\u0026#8221; said Binghai Yan.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-overcoming-slow-reaction-challenge\"\u003eOvercoming slow reaction challenge \u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eHydrogen\u003c/a\u003e is a versatile fuel that can be used in various applications, including transportation, power generation, and industrial processes. It offers a clean and sustainable alternative to greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, it can be stored and transported efficiently, making it a valuable solution for storing excess renewable energy. Therefore, the demand is expected to exponentially increase in the coming years. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWater splitting is a promising technique for producing clean hydrogen energy by breaking water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, this process is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe OER involves a complex series of electron transfer steps, which are inherently slow. This sluggishness majorly reduces the overall efficiency of water splitting, making it less cost-effective.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo overcome this challenge, researchers are actively exploring new ways to accelerate the process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn this new development, the researchers turned to these crystals with unique \u0026#8220;chiral\u0026#8221; structures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;These crystals are essentially quantum machines,\u0026#8221; said Dr. Xia Wang, lead researcher from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals possess a distinct left- or right-handed atomic arrangement, which allows them to interact with light and other chiral molecules in specific ways.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis manipulation helps to speed up the oxygen evolution reaction for successful water splitting.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Outboard\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/p3qhZaBOEoQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-enhances-the-process\"\u003eEnhances the process\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers designed topological chiral crystals, which were composed of various elements like rhodium, silicon, tin, and bismuth. This provides the crystals with a remarkable ability to manipulate the spin of electrons.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe unique quantum properties of these crystals allow electrons to move more efficiently toward the oxygen generation sites during the water-splitting process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis accelerated electron transfer significantly boosts the overall reaction rate, making it 200 times more efficient than traditional catalysts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We are aware that our catalysts still contain rare elements, however we are confident that based on our design scheme we will come up soon with highly efficient and also sustainable catalysts,” Yan added in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis discovery has the potential to advance the energy sector. With more efficient hydrogen production, it can power our homes, vehicles, and industries with clean, renewable energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eclean hydrogen\u003c/a\u003e production faces challenges like high costs and efficiency issues, but continued research and development promise to make it a crucial part of a clean energy future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01674-9\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNature Energy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"60:T525,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;By leveraging the unique spin properties of electrons, we\u0026#8217;ve created a catalyst that outperforms traditional materials by a factor of 200,\u0026#8221; said Binghai Yan.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-overcoming-slow-reaction-challenge\"\u003eOvercoming slow reaction challenge \u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eHydrogen\u003c/a\u003e is a versatile fuel that can be used in various applications, including transportation, power generation, and industrial processes. It offers a clean and sustainable alternative to greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, it can be stored and transported efficiently, making it a valuable solution for storing excess renewable energy. Therefore, the demand is expected to exponentially increase in the coming years. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWater splitting is a promising technique for producing clean hydrogen energy by breaking water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, this process is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe OER involves a complex series of electron transfer steps, which are inherently slow. This sluggishness majorly reduces the overall efficiency of water splitting, making it less cost-effective.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"61:T62f,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo overcome this challenge, researchers are actively exploring new ways to accelerate the process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn this new development, the researchers turned to these crystals with unique \u0026#8220;chiral\u0026#8221; structures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;These crystals are essentially quantum machines,\u0026#8221; said Dr. Xia Wang, lead researcher from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals possess a distinct left- or right-handed atomic arrangement, which allows them to interact with light and other chiral molecules in specific ways.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis manipulation helps to speed up the oxygen evolution reaction for successful water splitting.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Outboard\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/p3qhZaBOEoQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-enhances-the-process\"\u003eEnhances the process\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers designed topological chiral crystals, which were composed of various elements like rhodium, silicon, tin, and bismuth. This provides the crystals with a remarkable ability to manipulate the spin of electrons.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"62:T49e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe unique quantum properties of these crystals allow electrons to move more efficiently toward the oxygen generation sites during the water-splitting process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis accelerated electron transfer significantly boosts the overall reaction rate, making it 200 times more efficient than traditional catalysts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We are aware that our catalysts still contain rare elements, however we are confident that based on our design scheme we will come up soon with highly efficient and also sustainable catalysts,” Yan added in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis discovery has the potential to advance the energy sector. With more efficient hydrogen production, it can power our homes, vehicles, and industries with clean, renewable energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eclean hydrogen\u003c/a\u003e production faces challenges like high costs and efficiency issues, but continued research and development promise to make it a crucial part of a clean energy future.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"63:T208d,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eeVinci microreactors to be used for new floating nuclear power plants\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Floating nuclear power plants will allow operators to deploy microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved.\" 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property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:10+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:18+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/core-power-nuclear.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Chris Young\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta 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content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:10+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"64:T1681,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company and CORE POWER have announced a cooperative agreement to jointly design and develop a floating nuclear power plant (FNPP). The companies will use Westinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci nuclear microreactor as the foundation for the FNPP. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Westinghouse, eVinci is capable of operating for eight years without refueling. That reliability, as well as the flexibility of shipping deployment, will make it a potent energy source.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFloating reactors have the potential to alter our relationship with nuclear power, as they provide a highly transportable source of cost-effective nuclear power. According to CORE POWER, this flexibility will be crucial for governments to reach their net zero goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-no-net-zero-without-nuclear\"\u003e\u0026#8220;No net zero without nuclear\u0026#8221;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFNPPs will allow operators to deploy nuclear microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved. They could also send more reactors as needed to areas where demand is high. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy operating offshore, these floating reactors are also safe from tsunamis, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. Thus, they can preemptively prevent nuclear disasters like the one seen \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-retrieves-melted-fuel-from-fukushima-reactor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ein Fukushima\u003c/a\u003e, Japan, following the 2012 earthquake and tsunami in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company claims its eVinci nuclear microreactor is perfectly suited to this type of transportability. It requires very little maintenance. What\u0026#8217;s more, it can operate for up to eight years at full capacity without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the agreement, Westinghouse Electric Company will also utilize its proprietary heat pipe technology. This technology improves reliability and enables a non-pressurized method for passively transferring heat from the nuclear core to a power conversion system. This removes the need for water cooling and complex systems. CORE POWER will bring its expertise with floating power plant solutions to the table.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“There’s no net zero without nuclear,\u0026#8221; Mikal Bøe, CEO of CORE POWER explained in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress statement\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;A long series of identical turnkey power plants using multiple installations of the Westinghouse eVinci microreactor delivered by sea, creates a real opportunity to scale nuclear as the perfect solution to meet the rapidly growing demand for clean, flexible and reliable electricity delivered on time and on budget.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;Our unique partnership with Westinghouse is a game changer for how customers buy nuclear energy,” he continued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=361\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-evinci-microreactor\"\u003eThe eVinci microreactor\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci microreactor essentially works as a battery, the company says. It is fully assembled in the factory and can be easily shipped in a container. The machine has very few moving parts and can be used for power systems ranging from just a few kilowatts to five megawatts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eeVinvi is also capable of producing high-temperature heat for industrial applications, including the production of hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“With this groundbreaking agreement, we will demonstrate the viability of the eVinci technology for innovative use cases where power is needed in remote locations or in areas with land limitations,” said Jon Ball, President of eVinci Technologies at Westinghouse. “We look forward to our partnership with CORE POWER, bringing the unique advantages of eVinci microreactors to maritime and coastal applications, potentially even paving the way for future disaster relief efforts.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company has a strong track record, having supplied the world’s first commercial pressurized water reactor in 1957. The firm also says its technology forms the basis for almost half of all operating nuclear plants worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September, the company \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eannounced\u003c/a\u003e it had successfully completed the Front-End Engineering and Experimenting Design (FEEED) phase of the eVinci microreactor. That milestone paves the way for testing of a 5MW microreactor within two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMany believe nuclear energy will be crucial to bridge the gap as government\u0026#8217;s worldwide scale their renewable energy infrastructure. As such, other firms like the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eUS\u0026#8217;s Seaborg\u003c/a\u003e, are also looking to build large fleets of floating reactors to provide the energy we need to move away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"65:T4f3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFloating reactors have the potential to alter our relationship with nuclear power, as they provide a highly transportable source of cost-effective nuclear power. According to CORE POWER, this flexibility will be crucial for governments to reach their net zero goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-no-net-zero-without-nuclear\"\u003e\u0026#8220;No net zero without nuclear\u0026#8221;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFNPPs will allow operators to deploy nuclear microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved. They could also send more reactors as needed to areas where demand is high. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy operating offshore, these floating reactors are also safe from tsunamis, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. Thus, they can preemptively prevent nuclear disasters like the one seen \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-retrieves-melted-fuel-from-fukushima-reactor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ein Fukushima\u003c/a\u003e, Japan, following the 2012 earthquake and tsunami in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company claims its eVinci nuclear microreactor is perfectly suited to this type of transportability. It requires very little maintenance. What\u0026#8217;s more, it can operate for up to eight years at full capacity without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"66:T456,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the agreement, Westinghouse Electric Company will also utilize its proprietary heat pipe technology. This technology improves reliability and enables a non-pressurized method for passively transferring heat from the nuclear core to a power conversion system. This removes the need for water cooling and complex systems. CORE POWER will bring its expertise with floating power plant solutions to the table.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“There’s no net zero without nuclear,\u0026#8221; Mikal Bøe, CEO of CORE POWER explained in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress statement\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;A long series of identical turnkey power plants using multiple installations of the Westinghouse eVinci microreactor delivered by sea, creates a real opportunity to scale nuclear as the perfect solution to meet the rapidly growing demand for clean, flexible and reliable electricity delivered on time and on budget.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"67:T6e1,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;Our unique partnership with Westinghouse is a game changer for how customers buy nuclear energy,” he continued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=361\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-evinci-microreactor\"\u003eThe eVinci microreactor\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci microreactor essentially works as a battery, the company says. It is fully assembled in the factory and can be easily shipped in a container. The machine has very few moving parts and can be used for power systems ranging from just a few kilowatts to five megawatts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eeVinvi is also capable of producing high-temperature heat for industrial applications, including the production of hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“With this groundbreaking agreement, we will demonstrate the viability of the eVinci technology for innovative use cases where power is needed in remote locations or in areas with land limitations,” said Jon Ball, President of eVinci Technologies at Westinghouse. “We look forward to our partnership with CORE POWER, bringing the unique advantages of eVinci microreactors to maritime and coastal applications, potentially even paving the way for future disaster relief efforts.”\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"68:T46c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company has a strong track record, having supplied the world’s first commercial pressurized water reactor in 1957. The firm also says its technology forms the basis for almost half of all operating nuclear plants worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September, the company \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eannounced\u003c/a\u003e it had successfully completed the Front-End Engineering and Experimenting Design (FEEED) phase of the eVinci microreactor. That milestone paves the way for testing of a 5MW microreactor within two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMany believe nuclear energy will be crucial to bridge the gap as government\u0026#8217;s worldwide scale their renewable energy infrastructure. As such, other firms like the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eUS\u0026#8217;s Seaborg\u003c/a\u003e, are also looking to build large fleets of floating reactors to provide the energy we need to move away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"69:T1db3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eWhy bromide flow batteries could replace lithium-ion for grid energy needs\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, a team of engineers has found a novel way to store energy using an additive-based tech.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-25T15:17:01+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-25T15:17:08+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_35d972.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/bromide-flow-battery-grid-energy#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/bromide-flow-battery-grid-energy\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/696f755f1eed421bdfd49e34e42a53ae\"},\"headline\":\"New additive to enable affordable, efficient energy storage in flow 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/\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"6a:T125b,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eRenewable energy sources like wind and solar power are essential for a greener future—but they’re inherently unpredictable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFluctuating wind speeds and sunlight variations make these energy sources inconsistent, creating a pressing need for efficient energy storage systems. Enter the race for advanced batteries that can reliably store intermittent energy over the long term.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt the University of Wisconsin-Madison, engineers have found a novel way to store energy using an additive-based tech.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-advancing-flow-battery-tech\"\u003eAdvancing flow battery tech\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers have developed a water-soluble chemical additive to enhance the performance of bromide-based aqueous flow batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFlow batteries are electrochemical storage systems that can be used for large-scale \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/quantum-inspired-tech-turns-heat-into-electricity-via-light\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eenergy storage\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Bromide-based aqueous flow batteries are a promising solution, but there are many messy electrochemical problems with them. That’s why there’s no real successful bromide-based products today,” said Patrick Sullivan, one of the study authors.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Yet, our one additive can solve so many different problems,” Sullivan added.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAqueous flow batteries use liquid electrolytes that circulate between electrodes separated by a membrane. This design uses water-based ion solutions and offers advantages in scalability, sustainability, and safety.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCommercial flow batteries often use expensive vanadium ions, but researchers state that bromide could be a cheaper and more abundant alternative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How the first battery was invented\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/DSyuE5OZB3M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-new-additive-overcomes-challenges\"\u003eNew additive overcomes challenges\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, bromide-based flow batteries have faced challenges due to the behavior of bromide ions. These ions can leak, precipitate, or form toxic byproducts, thereby impacting the battery\u0026#8217;s performance and reliability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe new innovative additive addresses these challenges head-on. However, the development was not straightforward. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers created over 500 potential organic molecules, termed \u0026#8220;soft-hard zwitterionic trappers.\u0026#8221; Out of the 500 candidates, only 13 were chosen for synthesis and evaluation as potential additives for bromide batteries. This led to the creation of multifunctional additives that address key challenges in flow batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt prevents the bromide ions from leaking through the membrane, reduces the formation of harmful byproducts, and even enhances the battery\u0026#8217;s overall efficiency and lifespan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our devices with the additive functioned without decay for almost two months compared to ones without it, which typically fail within a day,” said Dawei Feng, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This is important because for green energy storage, you want to use it for 10 or 20 years,” Feng added in the\u003ca href=\"https://engineering.wisc.edu/news/engineered-additive-makes-low-cost-renewable-energy-storage-a-possibility/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e press release.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLarge lithium-ion batteries dominate grid-scale energy storage today but face supply chain issues and safety concerns. Aqueous flow batteries with this additive could provide a safer, cost-effective alternative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team now plans to refine their work on bromide and iodide flow batteries and explore commercializing the additive, which has already been produced successfully in large-scale industrial reactions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith these advances, bromide-based flow batteries may soon become a viable, scalable solution for storing renewable energy, paving the way for a more sustainable future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08079-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNature\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"6b:T4e0,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-advancing-flow-battery-tech\"\u003eAdvancing flow battery tech\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers have developed a water-soluble chemical additive to enhance the performance of bromide-based aqueous flow batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFlow batteries are electrochemical storage systems that can be used for large-scale \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/quantum-inspired-tech-turns-heat-into-electricity-via-light\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eenergy storage\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Bromide-based aqueous flow batteries are a promising solution, but there are many messy electrochemical problems with them. That’s why there’s no real successful bromide-based products today,” said Patrick Sullivan, one of the study authors.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Yet, our one additive can solve so many different problems,” Sullivan added.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAqueous flow batteries use liquid electrolytes that circulate between electrodes separated by a membrane. This design uses water-based ion solutions and offers advantages in scalability, sustainability, and safety.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCommercial flow batteries often use expensive vanadium ions, but researchers state that bromide could be a cheaper and more abundant alternative.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"6c:T60f,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How the first battery was invented\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/DSyuE5OZB3M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-new-additive-overcomes-challenges\"\u003eNew additive overcomes challenges\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, bromide-based flow batteries have faced challenges due to the behavior of bromide ions. These ions can leak, precipitate, or form toxic byproducts, thereby impacting the battery\u0026#8217;s performance and reliability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe new innovative additive addresses these challenges head-on. However, the development was not straightforward. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers created over 500 potential organic molecules, termed \u0026#8220;soft-hard zwitterionic trappers.\u0026#8221; Out of the 500 candidates, only 13 were chosen for synthesis and evaluation as potential additives for bromide batteries. This led to the creation of multifunctional additives that address key challenges in flow batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt prevents the bromide ions from leaking through the membrane, reduces the formation of harmful byproducts, and even enhances the battery\u0026#8217;s overall efficiency and lifespan.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"6d:T499,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our devices with the additive functioned without decay for almost two months compared to ones without it, which typically fail within a day,” said Dawei Feng, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This is important because for green energy storage, you want to use it for 10 or 20 years,” Feng added in the\u003ca href=\"https://engineering.wisc.edu/news/engineered-additive-makes-low-cost-renewable-energy-storage-a-possibility/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e press release.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLarge lithium-ion batteries dominate grid-scale energy storage today but face supply chain issues and safety concerns. Aqueous flow batteries with this additive could provide a safer, cost-effective alternative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team now plans to refine their work on bromide and iodide flow batteries and explore commercializing the additive, which has already been produced successfully in large-scale industrial reactions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith these advances, bromide-based flow batteries may soon become a viable, scalable solution for storing renewable energy, paving the way for a more sustainable future.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"6e:T1d6e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eCaribbean startup turns rotten seaweed, rum waste into fuel for cars\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"A mechanical engineer in Barbados is turning rotting seaweed into biofuel that can power cars and tourism in Barbados without fossil fuels.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/seaweed-biofuel-cars-barbados\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Caribbean startup turns rotten seaweed, rum waste into fuel for cars\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A mechanical engineer in Barbados is turning rotting seaweed into biofuel that can power cars and tourism in Barbados without fossil fuels.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/seaweed-biofuel-cars-barbados\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-25T11:15:23+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-25T11:43:11+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SW.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta 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content=\"2024-11-25T11:15:23+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"6f:T14d7,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eRum and Sargassum, a startup in Barbados in the Caribbean islands, is turning rum waste from distilleries and seaweed washed off onto the shores to produce bio-compressed natural gas to fuel cars. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe startup was founded by mechanical engineer Legena Henry and her data scientist husband to help the country continue to attract tourists while also meeting its net zero goals. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSargassum, or seaweed, has been invading Caribbean beaches for over a decade. The warming oceans and increased marine pollution have propelled the weed growth in the Sargasso Sea, which gets washed up on the pristine beaches in the Caribbean.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOnce it reaches land, seaweed begins to rot. While mounds of seaweed and rotting smells are unpleasant for tourists, they are also a health risk for marine animals. Resorts spend millions of dollars every year to remove seaweed from the beaches, but Henry\u0026#8217;s startup could turn this adversity into a win-win situation.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-an-idea-that-worked\"\u003eAn idea that worked\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBarbados has set an ambitious goal to become fossil-fuel-free by the end of this decade. However, Henry, a researcher and lecturer at the University of West Indies (UWI), believes this will have a massive economic impact since electric vehicles (EVs) are too expensive for the country\u0026#8217;s common man.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eExisting internal combustion engine vehicles can be retrofitted with a kit in about four hours and run on gas. The cost of the kit is a fraction of that of an EV. So, Henry was working to replicate Brazil\u0026#8217;s success in using sugarcane to create biofuel that could power cars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut while working on this project, Henry and her student Brittney McKenzie encountered trucks being deployed to clear up sargassum and wondered if they could use this material instead.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/world-of-tomorrow-powered-by-seaweed-kelp-biofuels\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eseaweed\u003c/a\u003e from the beaches and rum distillery wastewater, another waste the islands have to contend with, Brittney set up small batches of reactors, and their preliminary results were promising.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Rum \u0026amp; Sargassum - Drive Any Car on Sargassum-based Fuel\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/0MWWiRXYvWk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eSaving tourism without fossil fuels\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHenry also hired another biologist to determine what combinations of sargassum and wastewater produced the highest levels of natural gas. Once the technology was perfected, the team filed a patent in 2019 and sought more funding to deploy it as an experiment.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey tested their biofuel in a Nissan Leaf and decided to float Rum and Sargassum next in 2021. The startup is now working to scale up its production to meet demand for its initial target of 2,000 customers.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the long term, the company plans to supply fuel to 100,000 fossil fuel-powered vehicles, about 75 percent of all vehicles in Barbados. This would prevent an estimated 14 million tons of CO2 from being released into the air while also reducing the cost of fuel by half for vehicle owners. This could help tourism continue even without using fossil fuels. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut scaling up isn\u0026#8217;t that straightforward. Henry estimates that selling fuel to 300 taxis would cost the company $7.5 million, and a mix of debt financing from development banks and venture capital could help raise these funds.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIf successful, the solution could be applied in many places where seaweed has been troublesome but could eventually \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/chinese-eco-car-uses-plastic-seaweed-and-bio-materials-for-hydrogen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ebecome a boon\u003c/a\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis report contains information that first appeared in \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03684-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNature\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e and the\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czr71vpz4ypo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e \u003c/a\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czr71vpz4ypo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBBC\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Is a Life without Fossil Fuels Possible?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/EOFkoSPi7eI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"70:T40c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOnce it reaches land, seaweed begins to rot. While mounds of seaweed and rotting smells are unpleasant for tourists, they are also a health risk for marine animals. Resorts spend millions of dollars every year to remove seaweed from the beaches, but Henry\u0026#8217;s startup could turn this adversity into a win-win situation.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-an-idea-that-worked\"\u003eAn idea that worked\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBarbados has set an ambitious goal to become fossil-fuel-free by the end of this decade. However, Henry, a researcher and lecturer at the University of West Indies (UWI), believes this will have a massive economic impact since electric vehicles (EVs) are too expensive for the country\u0026#8217;s common man.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eExisting internal combustion engine vehicles can be retrofitted with a kit in about four hours and run on gas. The cost of the kit is a fraction of that of an EV. So, Henry was working to replicate Brazil\u0026#8217;s success in using sugarcane to create biofuel that could power cars.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"71:T69e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut while working on this project, Henry and her student Brittney McKenzie encountered trucks being deployed to clear up sargassum and wondered if they could use this material instead.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/world-of-tomorrow-powered-by-seaweed-kelp-biofuels\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eseaweed\u003c/a\u003e from the beaches and rum distillery wastewater, another waste the islands have to contend with, Brittney set up small batches of reactors, and their preliminary results were promising.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Rum \u0026amp; Sargassum - Drive Any Car on Sargassum-based Fuel\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/0MWWiRXYvWk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eSaving tourism without fossil fuels\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHenry also hired another biologist to determine what combinations of sargassum and wastewater produced the highest levels of natural gas. Once the technology was perfected, the team filed a patent in 2019 and sought more funding to deploy it as an experiment.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey tested their biofuel in a Nissan Leaf and decided to float Rum and Sargassum next in 2021. The startup is now working to scale up its production to meet demand for its initial target of 2,000 customers.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"72:T79e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the long term, the company plans to supply fuel to 100,000 fossil fuel-powered vehicles, about 75 percent of all vehicles in Barbados. This would prevent an estimated 14 million tons of CO2 from being released into the air while also reducing the cost of fuel by half for vehicle owners. This could help tourism continue even without using fossil fuels. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut scaling up isn\u0026#8217;t that straightforward. Henry estimates that selling fuel to 300 taxis would cost the company $7.5 million, and a mix of debt financing from development banks and venture capital could help raise these funds.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIf successful, the solution could be applied in many places where seaweed has been troublesome but could eventually \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/chinese-eco-car-uses-plastic-seaweed-and-bio-materials-for-hydrogen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ebecome a boon\u003c/a\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis report contains information that first appeared in \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03684-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNature\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e and the\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czr71vpz4ypo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e \u003c/a\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czr71vpz4ypo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBBC\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Is a Life without Fossil Fuels Possible?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/EOFkoSPi7eI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"73:T1fb3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eLargest worm lizard ever discovered lived 50 million years ago\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"A brand new species and genus of a legless reptile has been identfied in a fossil bed in Tunisia that slithered at an unbelievable 3 feet long with very strong jaws.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Largest worm lizard ever discovered lived 50 million years ago\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A brand new species and genus of a legless reptile has been identfied in a fossil bed in Tunisia that slithered at an unbelievable 3 feet long with very strong jaws.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T12:41:26+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T12:41:34+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screen-Shot-2024-11-26-at-2.19.22-PM.png\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Maria Mocerino\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Maria Mocerino\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Maria 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/\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"74:T149c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers in Tunisia found the largest “worm lizard” that has ever lived with a feeding strategy that has remained consistent for millions of years.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe recently identified \u003cem\u003eTerastiodontosaurus marcelosanchezi\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;existed a whopping 50 million years ago at a time when warm temperatures might have encouraged its astonishing growth. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSlithering up to three feet long, the reptile belongs to a new genus and species of\u0026nbsp;amphisbaenians, a “charismatic group” of “legless lizards” that has “attracted and puzzled researchers since the 19\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;century.” \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut beyond its unusually long body, \u003cem\u003eTerastiodontosaurus\u003c/em\u003e has distinct characteristics that set it apart as its own species and genus within the \u003cem\u003eTrogonophidae\u003c/em\u003e family that has eluciated where the feeding habits of its modern-day relative came from: one hungry giant with a soft-spot for snails.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-biggest-worm-like-reptile-ever-recorded\"\u003eThe biggest worm-like reptile ever recorded\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eRecent fieldwork in Eocene levels of the Natural Park of Djebel Chambi, Tunisia, “led to the discovery of one of the oldest records of Amphisbaenia in Afro-Arabia,” according to a new study.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThough known as a fossil-bearing site, it has yet to produce a reptile until now, and researchers uncovered at least 11 different specimens, as \u003cem\u003eNewsweek \u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/record-breaking-giant-worm-lizard-50-million-years-ago-discovered-1991300\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ereported\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe fossils found include craniodental and vertebral remains so “unusual” that researchers had to classify this striking specimen as a new genus and species within an intriguing family of \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/burmese-python-turns-massive-rival-snake-into-dinner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ereptiles\u003c/a\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our discovery from Tunisia, with an estimated skull length exceeding five centimeters, is the largest known worm lizard species,” Dr. Georgios L. Georgalis, the research head, explained. “All evidence indicates that the new species is related to the modern-day checkerboard worm lizard.” \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing micro-computed tomography, they assessed the anatomy of the new taxon against other\u0026nbsp;amphisbaenians. The\u0026nbsp;Terastiodontosaurus\u0026nbsp;showed an “extreme dental morphology, including one massive tooth on the maxilla and dentary, flat cheek teeth, and an array of other diagnostic features that readily differentiate from all other amphisbaenians.”\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Visually, you can imagine the animal as a ‘sandworm’ from the ‘Dune’ science fiction novels and their movie adaptation. Based on the tooth structure and the unusually thick enamel, we can deduce that the animals had enormous muscle strength in their jaws,” Georgalis\u0026nbsp;continued in a recent press release.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMost worm lizards are subterranean, but this giant might have been too big to remain completely underground, giving it an unusual behavioral pattern amongst the group. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-eating-snails-for-over-50-million-years\"\u003eEating snails for over 50 million years\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts extremely strong jaws and specialized tooth enamel suggest that it feasted on snails, able to crush through their shells with ease. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eGeorgalis said in a press \u003ca href=\"https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/252517?returnurl=https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/252517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003erelease\u003c/a\u003e that today’s checkerboard worm lizards eat snails by breaking open their shells. Now, researchers can make a prehistoric link.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;This lineage specialized in feeding on \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/china-snail-shells-tell-tale-of-superstorm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esnails\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#8230; This feeding strategy is therefore extremely consistent. It has defied all environmental changes and accompanies the lineage to this day.” \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSo this lineage of the largest “worm \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/scuba-diving-lizard-uses-air-bubble\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003elizard\u003c/a\u003e” hasn’t had any need to change its behavior in millions of years. When it works, it works.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe study was \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/202/3/zlae133/7906359?login=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epublished\u003c/a\u003e in the \u003cem\u003eZoological Journal of the Linnean Society. \u003c/em\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Reptiles Helped Solve Problems\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/u6ysfXo1x9Y?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"75:T565,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut beyond its unusually long body, \u003cem\u003eTerastiodontosaurus\u003c/em\u003e has distinct characteristics that set it apart as its own species and genus within the \u003cem\u003eTrogonophidae\u003c/em\u003e family that has eluciated where the feeding habits of its modern-day relative came from: one hungry giant with a soft-spot for snails.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-biggest-worm-like-reptile-ever-recorded\"\u003eThe biggest worm-like reptile ever recorded\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eRecent fieldwork in Eocene levels of the Natural Park of Djebel Chambi, Tunisia, “led to the discovery of one of the oldest records of Amphisbaenia in Afro-Arabia,” according to a new study.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThough known as a fossil-bearing site, it has yet to produce a reptile until now, and researchers uncovered at least 11 different specimens, as \u003cem\u003eNewsweek \u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/record-breaking-giant-worm-lizard-50-million-years-ago-discovered-1991300\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ereported\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe fossils found include craniodental and vertebral remains so “unusual” that researchers had to classify this striking specimen as a new genus and species within an intriguing family of \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/burmese-python-turns-massive-rival-snake-into-dinner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ereptiles\u003c/a\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"76:T6ac,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMost worm lizards are subterranean, but this giant might have been too big to remain completely underground, giving it an unusual behavioral pattern amongst the group. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-eating-snails-for-over-50-million-years\"\u003eEating snails for over 50 million years\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts extremely strong jaws and specialized tooth enamel suggest that it feasted on snails, able to crush through their shells with ease. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eGeorgalis said in a press \u003ca href=\"https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/252517?returnurl=https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/252517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003erelease\u003c/a\u003e that today’s checkerboard worm lizards eat snails by breaking open their shells. Now, researchers can make a prehistoric link.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;This lineage specialized in feeding on \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/china-snail-shells-tell-tale-of-superstorm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esnails\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#8230; This feeding strategy is therefore extremely consistent. It has defied all environmental changes and accompanies the lineage to this day.” \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSo this lineage of the largest “worm \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/scuba-diving-lizard-uses-air-bubble\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003elizard\u003c/a\u003e” hasn’t had any need to change its behavior in millions of years. When it works, it works.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe study was \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/202/3/zlae133/7906359?login=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epublished\u003c/a\u003e in the \u003cem\u003eZoological Journal of the Linnean Society. \u003c/em\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"77:T1ec7,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eSuperalloys withstand 1112°F test to protect nuclear fusion reactors\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Liquid metal coolants used inside fusion reactors threaten the structural integrity of reactor. 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A ODS alloy coating is favored to prevent structural damage from within.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T11:57:47+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T12:00:15+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/TK.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ameya Paleja\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/228699245718b47295471284aabc21c5\"},\"headline\":\"Japan’s superalloys withstand 1112°F test to protect nuclear fusion reactors \",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T11:57:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T12:00:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\"},\"wordCount\":604,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/TK.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Representational image of inside of a tokamak reactor. \"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/TK.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"japan\",\"Nuclear Reactor\",\"Superalloys\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Science\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2024\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\",\"name\":\"Superalloys withstand 1112°F test to protect nuclear fusion reactors\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/TK.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T11:57:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T12:00:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"Liquid metal coolants used inside fusion reactors threaten the structural integrity of reactor. 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Unlike its fission counterpart, nuclear fusion does not produce radioactive waste. The process replicates the reactions that occur in the Sun and, therefore, requires extremely high temperatures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis requires using advanced materials and liquid metal coolants to extract heat from the reactor when necessary. However, these coolants, typically made from lithium and lithium-lead (LiPb) alloys, are highly corrosive and threaten the structural integrity of the reactor vessel. This is where ODS alloys can help.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eWhat is an ODS alloy?\u0026nbsp;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOxide dispersion-strengthened alloys are alloys with small oxide particles dispersed within them. These alloys have better strength than regular alloys because the incoherency of oxide particles results in higher interfacial energy and reduces the likelihood of dislocation.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe material also has high ductility and heat resistance, making it a viable option for high-temperature applications such as high-temperature turbine blades and heat exchangers. Extreme applications of ODS include coating spacecraft during re-entry and now in fusion nuclear reactors.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eODS FeCrAl alloys are promising candidates for \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/nuclear-fusion-health-energy-cars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003enuclear fusion\u003c/a\u003e reactors because they can form protective oxide layers such as α-Al2O3 under high-temperature conditions. Since LiPb alloys are highly corrosive, researchers at the Institute of Tokyo Science and collaborators were keen to study their interaction closely.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tests-with-ods-alloys\"\u003eTests with ODS alloys\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the laboratory, the research teams tested two ODS FeCrAl alloys, SP10 and NF12, under static and stirred-flow conditions at 873 Kelvin (~600 degrees Celsius, 1112°F) to simulate conditions in fusion reactor coolant systems. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research team investigated the microstructure of the protective oxide layer on the alloy surfaces in more detail by deploying techniques like metallurgical analysis, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123239\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg 1920w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eCorrosion test of ODS FeCrAl alloys in liquid LiPb at 873K (left and center) and STEM cross-sectional observation on the surface of pre-oxidized alloy after exposure to liquid LiPb flow (right). Image credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/1050484\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMasatoshi Kondo\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team found that the Al2O3 layer was effective in preventing corrosion initially but also transformed into α-/γ-LiAlO2 after reacting with lithium. Even if ODS alloy was not pre-oxidized, it formed a self-protective layer under these conditions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBoth these oxidized layers showed high resistance to exfoliation and adhered strongly to the alloy surface even under high thermal stress.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“The lithium-aluminum oxide layer’s durability shows that these alloys could last longer in high-temperature, high-stress settings,” said Masatoshi Kondo, an associate professor at Tokyo Science, in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.isct.ac.jp/en/news/x3wqkz0v529a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This layer serves as a sustainable shield that continues protecting reactor components even after initial wear.”\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research findings could help develop \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-firm-nuclear-fusion-device-prototype\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efusion reactors\u003c/a\u003e that run safely when operated for extended periods of time. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our findings show that ODS FeCrAl alloys, with their ability to form durable protective layers, could play a vital role in the future of fusion reactors and other high-temperature power systems,” concluded Kondo in the press release.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2024.112459\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCorrosion Science\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=2\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"79:T41f,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNuclear fusion is expected to play a major role in this energy transition as the world works to phase out fossil fuels and turn to cleaner energy sources. Unlike its fission counterpart, nuclear fusion does not produce radioactive waste. The process replicates the reactions that occur in the Sun and, therefore, requires extremely high temperatures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis requires using advanced materials and liquid metal coolants to extract heat from the reactor when necessary. However, these coolants, typically made from lithium and lithium-lead (LiPb) alloys, are highly corrosive and threaten the structural integrity of the reactor vessel. This is where ODS alloys can help.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eWhat is an ODS alloy?\u0026nbsp;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOxide dispersion-strengthened alloys are alloys with small oxide particles dispersed within them. These alloys have better strength than regular alloys because the incoherency of oxide particles results in higher interfacial energy and reduces the likelihood of dislocation.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"7a:T54c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe material also has high ductility and heat resistance, making it a viable option for high-temperature applications such as high-temperature turbine blades and heat exchangers. Extreme applications of ODS include coating spacecraft during re-entry and now in fusion nuclear reactors.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eODS FeCrAl alloys are promising candidates for \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/nuclear-fusion-health-energy-cars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003enuclear fusion\u003c/a\u003e reactors because they can form protective oxide layers such as α-Al2O3 under high-temperature conditions. Since LiPb alloys are highly corrosive, researchers at the Institute of Tokyo Science and collaborators were keen to study their interaction closely.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tests-with-ods-alloys\"\u003eTests with ODS alloys\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the laboratory, the research teams tested two ODS FeCrAl alloys, SP10 and NF12, under static and stirred-flow conditions at 873 Kelvin (~600 degrees Celsius, 1112°F) to simulate conditions in fusion reactor coolant systems. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research team investigated the microstructure of the protective oxide layer on the alloy surfaces in more detail by deploying techniques like metallurgical analysis, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"7b:T8a9,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123239\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg 1920w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eCorrosion test of ODS FeCrAl alloys in liquid LiPb at 873K (left and center) and STEM cross-sectional observation on the surface of pre-oxidized alloy after exposure to liquid LiPb flow (right). Image credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/1050484\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMasatoshi Kondo\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team found that the Al2O3 layer was effective in preventing corrosion initially but also transformed into α-/γ-LiAlO2 after reacting with lithium. Even if ODS alloy was not pre-oxidized, it formed a self-protective layer under these conditions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBoth these oxidized layers showed high resistance to exfoliation and adhered strongly to the alloy surface even under high thermal stress.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“The lithium-aluminum oxide layer’s durability shows that these alloys could last longer in high-temperature, high-stress settings,” said Masatoshi Kondo, an associate professor at Tokyo Science, in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.isct.ac.jp/en/news/x3wqkz0v529a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This layer serves as a sustainable shield that continues protecting reactor components even after initial wear.”\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research findings could help develop \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-firm-nuclear-fusion-device-prototype\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efusion reactors\u003c/a\u003e that run safely when operated for extended periods of time. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"7c:T426,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our findings show that ODS FeCrAl alloys, with their ability to form durable protective layers, could play a vital role in the future of fusion reactors and other high-temperature power systems,” concluded Kondo in the press release.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2024.112459\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCorrosion Science\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=2\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"7d:T1cc6,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eElon Musk’s Neuralink to soon trial brain chip to control robot arm\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Neuralink says that the study\u0026#039;s launch is an important step towards restoring not just digital but also physical freedom.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/neuralink-bci-interface-control-robot-arm\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Elon Musk’s Neuralink to soon trial brain chip to control robot arm\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Neuralink says that the study\u0026#039;s launch is an important step towards restoring not just digital but also physical freedom.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/neuralink-bci-interface-control-robot-arm\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T10:55:03+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T10:59:07+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-96.png\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/neuralink-bci-interface-control-robot-arm#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/neuralink-bci-interface-control-robot-arm\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/6941f82106e837617793aa38635c4fe3\"},\"headline\":\"Elon Musk’s Neuralink to trial game-changing brain-chip to control robot 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using the N1 implant to “an investigational assistive robotic arm.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe startup says that the launch of the study is an important step towards restoring not just digital but also physical freedom in those that need it the most.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt also added that it will allow participants of its ongoing PRIME study to join the new CONVOY feasibility test.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eNeuralink’s ongoing studies\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNeuralink’s PRIME study involves placing a small, cosmetically invisible BCI implant in a part of the brain that plans movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis implant allows the people with quadriplegia to control external devices like computers, and smartphones with their thoughts. The BCI implant removes the need for any physical movement or the need of any wires.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMusk’s startup has been inviting people with disabilities – like limited or no ability to use both hands due to cervical spinal cord injury or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) \u0026#8211; to join their patient registry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEarlier this year, Noland Arbaugh, a 30-year-old who became paralyzed from the shoulders down after a 2016 accident, became the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/elon-musks-neuralink-second-brain-chip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efirst person\u003c/a\u003e to receive Neuralink’s brain implant in January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThere had been challenges in the journey, but Neuralink had been able to adjust the implant’s algorithm to enhance its sensitivity and restore its functionality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing this, during a podcast in August Musk had stated that the BCI implant was also working well in the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/neuralink-second-brain-chip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esecond patient\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNeuralink has been planning to expand its clinical trials significantly, and it to implant the device in eight more patients within the year. This expansion represents a critical step in validating the technology’s effectiveness and safety on a larger scale.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-recent-announcements-from-musk-s-startup\"\u003eRecent announcements from Musk’s startup\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eApart from the \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/neuralink/status/1861107594645119006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eannouncement\u003c/a\u003e over the feasibility study to extend BCI control using the N1 Implant to an investigational assistive robotic arm, Neuralink has also gained some upper hand in other areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\nhttps://twitter.com/neuralink/status/1861107594645119006\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOn November 20, the startup said that it has received approval from Health Canada to launch the CAN-PRIME Study, its first international trial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe approval from Canada comes on the back of the success it received in its trials in the US. The startup has said that the trial is now open to Canadian nationals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/canadian-neurosurgeons-seek-six-patients-for-musk-s-neuralink-brain-study-1.7121337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ea report\u003c/a\u003e, Canadian neurosurgeons are looking for regulatory approvals to recruit six patients with paralysis to get the startup’s BCI implant embedded willingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe trial will use a two-ton (1.8-ton) robot to implant 64 electrodes, each with 16 contacts, into the hand-motor areas of patients\u0026#8217; brains, as per the report.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea is that the electrodes will transmit activity in those areas so that by thinking about movement, the patient can make connected devices move.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMore details about the new CONVOY study \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/musks-neuralink-launch-new-feasibility-trial-with-brain-implant-2024-11-25/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eare awaited\u003c/a\u003e, and Neuralink has stated that it will reveal more in due course of time.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"7f:T46a,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt also added that it will allow participants of its ongoing PRIME study to join the new CONVOY feasibility test.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eNeuralink’s ongoing studies\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNeuralink’s PRIME study involves placing a small, cosmetically invisible BCI implant in a part of the brain that plans movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis implant allows the people with quadriplegia to control external devices like computers, and smartphones with their thoughts. The BCI implant removes the need for any physical movement or the need of any wires.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMusk’s startup has been inviting people with disabilities – like limited or no ability to use both hands due to cervical spinal cord injury or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) \u0026#8211; to join their patient registry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEarlier this year, Noland Arbaugh, a 30-year-old who became paralyzed from the shoulders down after a 2016 accident, became the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/elon-musks-neuralink-second-brain-chip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efirst person\u003c/a\u003e to receive Neuralink’s brain implant in January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"80:T5f6,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThere had been challenges in the journey, but Neuralink had been able to adjust the implant’s algorithm to enhance its sensitivity and restore its functionality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing this, during a podcast in August Musk had stated that the BCI implant was also working well in the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/neuralink-second-brain-chip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esecond patient\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNeuralink has been planning to expand its clinical trials significantly, and it to implant the device in eight more patients within the year. This expansion represents a critical step in validating the technology’s effectiveness and safety on a larger scale.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-recent-announcements-from-musk-s-startup\"\u003eRecent announcements from Musk’s startup\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eApart from the \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/neuralink/status/1861107594645119006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eannouncement\u003c/a\u003e over the feasibility study to extend BCI control using the N1 Implant to an investigational assistive robotic arm, Neuralink has also gained some upper hand in other areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\nhttps://twitter.com/neuralink/status/1861107594645119006\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOn November 20, the startup said that it has received approval from Health Canada to launch the CAN-PRIME Study, its first international trial.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"81:T4d5,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe approval from Canada comes on the back of the success it received in its trials in the US. The startup has said that the trial is now open to Canadian nationals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/canadian-neurosurgeons-seek-six-patients-for-musk-s-neuralink-brain-study-1.7121337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ea report\u003c/a\u003e, Canadian neurosurgeons are looking for regulatory approvals to recruit six patients with paralysis to get the startup’s BCI implant embedded willingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe trial will use a two-ton (1.8-ton) robot to implant 64 electrodes, each with 16 contacts, into the hand-motor areas of patients\u0026#8217; brains, as per the report.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea is that the electrodes will transmit activity in those areas so that by thinking about movement, the patient can make connected devices move.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMore details about the new CONVOY study \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/musks-neuralink-launch-new-feasibility-trial-with-brain-implant-2024-11-25/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eare awaited\u003c/a\u003e, and Neuralink has stated that it will reveal more in due course of time.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"82:T1e8a,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eChina\u0026#039;s new afterburner tech boosts thrust by 99%, to enhance combat\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Chinese scientists report they have developed a game-changing jet engine afterburner with near-100% fuel efficiency.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"China\u0026#039;s new afterburner tech boosts thrust by 99%, to enhance combat\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Chinese scientists report they have developed a game-changing jet engine afterburner with near-100% fuel efficiency.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T10:33:22+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T10:38:00+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Chinese-afterburner.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Christopher McFadden\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Christopher McFadden\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Christopher McFadden\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/2ff174fd7fd3b4725a23fe8d5339342f\"},\"headline\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; \",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T10:33:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T10:38:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\"},\"wordCount\":566,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Chinese-afterburner.jpg\",\"caption\":\"F-22 jet afterburner.\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Chinese-afterburner.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Defense \u0026amp; Military\",\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"engine\",\"Fighter jets\",\"Innovation\",\"Inventions and Machines\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Military\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2024\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\",\"name\":\"China's new afterburner tech boosts thrust by 99%, to enhance combat\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Chinese-afterburner.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T10:33:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T10:38:00+00:00\",\"description\":\"Chinese scientists report they have developed a game-changing jet engine afterburner with near-100% fuel efficiency.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Chinese-afterburner.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Chinese-afterburner.jpg\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1080,\"caption\":\"F-22 jet afterburner.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"News\",\"item\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Military\",\"item\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/military\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; \"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\",\"name\":\"Interesting Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\",\"name\":\"Interesting Engineering\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/logo/image/\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Interesting_Engineering-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Interesting_Engineering-1.jpg\",\"width\":590,\"height\":198,\"caption\":\"Interesting Engineering\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/logo/image/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\",\"https://x.com/IntEngineering\",\"https://www.linkedin.com/company/interestingengineering/\"],\"email\":\"info@interestingengineering.com\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"201\",\"maxValue\":\"500\"},\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/home-page\"}]}\u003c/script\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video\" content=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/q-hr-Qc4Dz0\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:type\" content=\"text/html\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:duration\" content=\"140\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:width\" content=\"480\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:height\" content=\"270\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:adult\" content=\"false\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:upload_date\" content=\"2024-11-26T10:33:22+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"83:T14ac,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eChinese scientists have developed what they claim to be the world\u0026#8217;s first near-100% efficient jet engine afterburner. If true, this new technology could give Chinese jet aircraft a significant \u0026#8216;edge in air combat.\u0026#8217;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eDeveloped by researchers at the Aero Engine Academy of China in Beijing, the new afterburner technology has a burn efficiency of over 99%. This would meet the fuel efficiency of jet engines under cruise conditions. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to the researchers, the new afterburner reduces engine vibration by as much as 80% under maximum operational loads. Again, if the claims are true, this would make the technology very efficient and reduce the risk of engine damage to levels not seen before.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, afterburners work by injecting additional fuel into the exhaust gases from a jet engine. Due to this exhaust\u0026#8217;s already very high temperatures, the fuel is ignited, creating an additional, secondary combustion phase. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-near-100-efficient-afterburner\"\u003eNear 100% efficient afterburner\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ignition increases the volume and velocity of the exhaust gases, significantly boosting the engine\u0026#8217;s thrust. To handle the extra volume, the jet engine exhaust nozzle is typically expanded or widened to allow the added gas volume to exit the engine safely. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/VirtualAero/BottleRocket/airplane/aturba.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAfterburners \u003c/a\u003eare typically used for supersonic flight, combat situations like dogfights, or when rapid acceleration is required, such as during short takeoffs or emergencies. However, afterburners are worth the fuel investment as they can, in some circumstances, effectively double the thrust, albeit for a short time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn U.S. aircraft like the F-35 or F-22, afterburners can provide sustained added thrust, but their use is typically limited due to high fuel consumption and heat buildup. However, its use can increase \u003ca href=\"https://www.flyajetfighter.com/how-much-fuel-does-a-fighter-jet-consume/#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20the%20F135%20engine,engine%20technology%20and%20fuel%20consumption.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003efuel consumption\u003c/a\u003e by as much as three times that of typical engine operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/this-jet-engine-afterburner-puts-other-go-karts-to-shame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eEngaging afterburners \u003c/a\u003ealso alters the visual characteristics of the exhaust, often producing a reddish or bright flame due to the high temperature of the secondary combustion. Continuous use can also run the risk of damaging the engine. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo address these challenges, a team of researchers led by engineer Wang Shiqi invented a new fuel nozzle. This nozzle allows pulsed fuel to travel along a Z-shaped path and be ejected at various angles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research team called this design the \u0026#8220;self-exciting sweeping nozzle.\u0026#8221; It ensures fuel droplets form a fan shape, enabling better mixing with air.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-tech-has-already-been-patented\"\u003eThe tech has already been patented\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“[It] can generate a frequency-sweeping jet with constantly changing ejection directions at the outlet, relying solely on inlet oil pressure without any moving or electromagnetic components, while achieving good fuel atomization and a wide spatial distribution range,” Wang’s team wrote in the paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://Wang and his colleagues have named their invention the “self-excited sweeping nozzle”.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAccording to reports\u003c/a\u003e, the new afterburner nozzle already has a patent and received a gold medal at the Aero-Engine Corporation of China\u0026#8217;s Young Scientists Innovation Contest in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“When we first started this project, we weren’t sure if we could succeed. After several years without a breakthrough, I was uncertain too, but unexpectedly, we still received encouragement and support,” Wang said explained to the Chinese state-run \u003cem\u003ePeople’s Daily\u003c/em\u003e last April.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eReflecting on the challenges of his team\u0026#8217;s work, Wang \u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3287740/chinese-scientists-increase-fighter-jet-afterburner-efficiency-nearly-100-study\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eexplained\u003c/a\u003e that, \u0026#8220;there’s a legend about a swordsmith who melted himself into the forge to create the strongest sword. I now deeply relate to that feeling, wanting to devote all my time to this.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Return of the Ekranoplan\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/q-hr-Qc4Dz0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"84:T56e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to the researchers, the new afterburner reduces engine vibration by as much as 80% under maximum operational loads. Again, if the claims are true, this would make the technology very efficient and reduce the risk of engine damage to levels not seen before.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, afterburners work by injecting additional fuel into the exhaust gases from a jet engine. Due to this exhaust\u0026#8217;s already very high temperatures, the fuel is ignited, creating an additional, secondary combustion phase. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-near-100-efficient-afterburner\"\u003eNear 100% efficient afterburner\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ignition increases the volume and velocity of the exhaust gases, significantly boosting the engine\u0026#8217;s thrust. To handle the extra volume, the jet engine exhaust nozzle is typically expanded or widened to allow the added gas volume to exit the engine safely. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/VirtualAero/BottleRocket/airplane/aturba.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAfterburners \u003c/a\u003eare typically used for supersonic flight, combat situations like dogfights, or when rapid acceleration is required, such as during short takeoffs or emergencies. However, afterburners are worth the fuel investment as they can, in some circumstances, effectively double the thrust, albeit for a short time.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"85:T51d,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn U.S. aircraft like the F-35 or F-22, afterburners can provide sustained added thrust, but their use is typically limited due to high fuel consumption and heat buildup. However, its use can increase \u003ca href=\"https://www.flyajetfighter.com/how-much-fuel-does-a-fighter-jet-consume/#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20the%20F135%20engine,engine%20technology%20and%20fuel%20consumption.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003efuel consumption\u003c/a\u003e by as much as three times that of typical engine operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/this-jet-engine-afterburner-puts-other-go-karts-to-shame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eEngaging afterburners \u003c/a\u003ealso alters the visual characteristics of the exhaust, often producing a reddish or bright flame due to the high temperature of the secondary combustion. Continuous use can also run the risk of damaging the engine. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo address these challenges, a team of researchers led by engineer Wang Shiqi invented a new fuel nozzle. This nozzle allows pulsed fuel to travel along a Z-shaped path and be ejected at various angles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research team called this design the \u0026#8220;self-exciting sweeping nozzle.\u0026#8221; It ensures fuel droplets form a fan shape, enabling better mixing with air.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"86:T639,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-tech-has-already-been-patented\"\u003eThe tech has already been patented\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“[It] can generate a frequency-sweeping jet with constantly changing ejection directions at the outlet, relying solely on inlet oil pressure without any moving or electromagnetic components, while achieving good fuel atomization and a wide spatial distribution range,” Wang’s team wrote in the paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://Wang and his colleagues have named their invention the “self-excited sweeping nozzle”.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAccording to reports\u003c/a\u003e, the new afterburner nozzle already has a patent and received a gold medal at the Aero-Engine Corporation of China\u0026#8217;s Young Scientists Innovation Contest in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“When we first started this project, we weren’t sure if we could succeed. After several years without a breakthrough, I was uncertain too, but unexpectedly, we still received encouragement and support,” Wang said explained to the Chinese state-run \u003cem\u003ePeople’s Daily\u003c/em\u003e last April.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eReflecting on the challenges of his team\u0026#8217;s work, Wang \u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3287740/chinese-scientists-increase-fighter-jet-afterburner-efficiency-nearly-100-study\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eexplained\u003c/a\u003e that, \u0026#8220;there’s a legend about a swordsmith who melted himself into the forge to create the strongest sword. I now deeply relate to that feeling, wanting to devote all my time to this.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"87:T20c6,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eHow Fervo Energy is making geothermal power a commercial reality\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Fervo Energy\u0026#039;s breakthroughs in geothermal power plant technology will soon help California transition into a cleaner energy future.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Fervo Energy is making geothermal power a commercial reality\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Fervo Energy\u0026#039;s breakthroughs in geothermal power plant technology will soon help California transition into a cleaner energy future.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-16T15:26:48+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-17T08:31:57+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/fervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Christopher McFadden\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Christopher McFadden\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" 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content=\"2024-11-16T15:26:48+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"88:T40d0,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eWhat if we told you that beneath our very feet, there is a near-endless, free source of heat energy just waiting to be tapped? Called geothermal energy, the heat within the planet we live on can be used in multiple ways, and more importantly, in electricity production.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs the urgency to combat climate change and reduce carbon emissions increases, renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly essential. While solar and wind power have received wide recognition, geothermal energy is gaining attention as a reliable and less variable option.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut how do we access this potent energy source? \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-geothermal-energy\"\u003eWhat is geothermal energy?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe clue is in the term. \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/geothermal/geothermal-basics#:~:text=Geothermal%20energy%20is%20heat%20energy,depths%20below%20the%20earth\" s%20surface.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGeothermal \u003c/a\u003eis a portmanteau of the words \u003cem\u003egeo \u003c/em\u003e(Greek for \u0026#8216;Earth\u0026#8217;) and \u003cem\u003etherme\u003c/em\u003e (Greek for \u0026#8216;heat\u0026#8217;).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Geothermal Power Everywhere: Tech Advances Rapidly\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/QByk4jJwp9c?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn its simplest sense, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/geothermal/#:~:text=The%20word%20geothermal%20comes%20from,buildings%2C%20and%20for%20generating%20electricity.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003egeothermal energy\u003c/a\u003e is any form of energy generated by using the Earth\u0026#8217;s heat, but it is a bit more complicated than that. The first thing to know is that the inside our planet is a very hot core.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis internal heat is produced from the radioactive decay of particles within the planet\u0026#8217;s crust, mantle, and core. Residual heat from the time of Earth\u0026#8217;s formation also accounts for some of it\u0026#8217;s internal heat, but this is a minor component.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-heat-beneath-our-feet\"\u003eThe heat beneath our feet\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLike in a nuclear reactor, this decay produces vestigial heat that gradually increases with depth. \u003ca href=\"https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geothermal_gradient#:~:text=The%20geothermal%20gradient%20is%20the,for%20every%20kilometer%20of%20depth.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eTemperatures\u003c/a\u003e can get pretty hot depending on where you look inside the Earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, scientists have found that the temperature of the Earth\u0026#8217;s inner core is approximately 10,800 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Amazingly, this is as hot as the surface of the Sun!\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTemperatures in the mantle range from about 392°F at the mantle-crust boundary to approximately 7,230°F at the mantle-core boundary. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"Icelandic geothermal power plant.\" class=\"wp-image-118110\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=300,225 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=768,576 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eImage of the Icelandic \u003cem\u003eKrafla \u003c/em\u003egeothermal power plant. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eÁsgeir Eggertsson/Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOther heat sources exist on the planet, especially within the very thin crust on which we live. For example, rocks and water absorb heat from magma located deep underground. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSome places on the planet have been found to bring this inner heat source closer to the surface, proving to be ideal spots to tap geothermal energy. This is especially the case where magma bodies have infiltrated the Earth\u0026#8217;s crust (like under volcanoes or at plate boundaries).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs encouraging as this sounds, it is important to note that geothermal energy is not without its downsides. These include high initial costs and the need for specific geological conditions. Drilling deep into the Earth can be very expensive, and the success of geothermal projects largely depends on finding locations with adequate underground heat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThat being said, there are some \u0026#8216;hacks\u0026#8217; that can be exploited to maximize the significant return on investment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-which-countries-use-geothermal-energy\"\u003eWhich countries use geothermal energy?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003ePlaces like Iceland are prime examples. The island is formed on top of one of these boundaries, namely the mid-Atlantic ridge. Here, magma formed in the mantle often breaches the surface to form volcanoes and lava flows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis location offers a unique potential for renewable energy sources, especially geothermal energy, to be employed relatively easily. In fact, the nation is one of the world\u0026#8217;s preeminent geothermal energy leaders and uses it for many purposes, from direct heating to electrical generation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Geothermal energy is renewable and powerful. Why is most of it untapped?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/c7dy0hUZ9xI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTapping this energy source is much harder for the rest of the world, but not impossible. Since the temperature rises below the crust, drilling deep vertical boreholes is often the most common way to take advantage of this effectively \u0026#8216;free\u0026#8217; energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/statistics/525206/geothermal-complexes-worldwide-by-size/#:~:text=The%20largest%20geothermal%20plant%20in,located%20north%20of%20San%20Francisco.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIn the United States\u003c/a\u003e, for example, geothermal fields like the Geysers are currently being tapped for this precious source of power. In fact, the largest geothermal plant in the world is the \u003ca href=\"https://geysers.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGeysers Geothermal Complex\u003c/a\u003e, located north of San Francisco. It has a production capacity of 900 megawatts and consists of 22 power plants spread over several miles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese kinds of power plants typically work by drilling deep into the Earth\u0026#8217;s crust to access heat stored in hot water reservoirs or dry rock. Water or another fluid is pumped into these hot zones, where it is heated and turned into steam. This steam drives turbines, generating electricity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-growing-global-power-source\"\u003eA growing global power source\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOther countries, such as Italy, Mexico, the Philippines, and Indonesia, heavily invest in this technology. Other nations, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/sumitomo-has-contributed-to-17-of-global-installed-geothermal-power-capacity/#:~:text=With%20this%20achievement%2C%20the%20total,global%20installed%20geothermal%20power%20capacity.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNew Zealand,\u003c/a\u003e are known for their volcanic landscape and generate about 17% of their electricity through geothermal power. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eib.org/en/projects/all/20150459#:~:text=More%20green%20power%20*%20Geothermal%20operations%20produce,electricity.%20*%20Reduction%20in%20fossil%20fuel%20emissions.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKenya\u003c/a\u003e, a leader in Africa\u0026#8217;s renewable energy initiatives, derives approximately 40% of its energy from geothermal sources, significantly contributing to its sustainable energy mix.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, California is about to join the geothermal gravy train thanks to the efforts of companies like Fervo Energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1010\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?w=800\" alt=\"Schematic of a hot-water hydrothermal system.\" class=\"wp-image-118111\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png 800w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=238,300 238w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=768,970 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eSchematic of a basic hot-water hydrothermal system. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eGoran tek-en/Wikimeida Commons\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fervo-energy-s-geothermal-technology\"\u003eFervo Energy\u0026#8217;s geothermal technology \u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHouston-based \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/2gw-geothermal-project-approved\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e has been in the news several times in the past few years with breakthroughs in geothermal power plant technology. This has included its combination of carbon capture and geothermal power plant, which was funded, in part, by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCarbon capture is very energy-intensive, so coming up with economical ways to harness it is beneficial. Methods like \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/co2-stored-in-concrete-first-time\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003edirect air carbon capture\u003c/a\u003e (DAC) are one example. DAC is believed to be essential for scrubbing the air of carbon dioxide to help reduce global temperatures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFervo also has few other projects, like in Nevada, that are designed to provide carbon-free, uninterputable renewable energy for \u003ca href=\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-technology-breakthrough-in-next-generation-geothermal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGoogle data centers\u003c/a\u003e. But, these are more of a niche application of geothermal energy. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA far more interesting project is the company\u0026#8217;s recent 320 MW Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240625544692/en/Fervo-Energy-Announces-320-MW-Power-Purchase-Agreements-With-Southern-California-Edison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSouthern California Edison\u003c/a\u003e (SCE).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Why Google Is Spending Billions To Build A Geothermal Power Plant\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/AZcB6ME8VyI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder this 15-year agreement, Fervo will provide reliable, clean, and affordable power to 350,000 homes across Southern California. The project will also support SCE’s vision to help California transition to a cleaner energy future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the PPA, SCE will purchase power from Fervo Energy’s 400 MW Cape Station project, currently under construction in southwest Utah. The first phase of the project, totaling 70 MW, is expected to be operational by 2026, while the second phase should go live around 2028.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;This announcement is another milestone in California’s commitment to clean, zero-carbon electricity,\u0026#8221; said David Hochschild, the chair of California Energy Commission. \u0026#8220;Enhanced geothermal systems complement our abundant wind and solar resources by providing critical base load when those sources are limited.\u0026#8221; He added that this is key to ensuring reliability as we transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-makes-fervo-s-geothermal-power-revolutionary\"\u003eWhat makes Fervo\u0026#8217;s geothermal power revolutionary?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt the core of Fervo’s innovative geothermal program is a drilling technology that allows geothermal energy to meet the increasing demand for reliable renewable power. The firm achieves this through a special adaptation of existing deep well drilling techniques developed for the oil and gas industries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWell boreholes are drilled deep underground and fluid is injected into them to create fractures in the rock, increasing their permeability. This creates the necessary conditions to generate electricity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe hard work has already paid off. According to Fervo, early drilling results for the project in February 2024 indicate faster drilling times and a significant cost reduction at Cape Station, Fervo’s 400 MW project in Beaver County, Utah.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"Fervo Energy geothermal power plant.\" class=\"wp-image-118112\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=300,168 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=768,431 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eImage of one of Fervo Energy\u0026#8217;s geothermal power plants. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese encouraging results support ongoing commercialization efforts and readiness for large-scale agreements, including the world’s largest geothermal PPA. Fervo has now contracted 373 MW of renewable power from Cape Station.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Geothermal stands as the dependable and adaptable solution essential for California\u0026#8217;s journey towards a fully decarbonized grid,” said Dawn Owens, VP and head of development \u0026amp; commercial markets for Fervo Energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“As electrification increases and climate change burdens fragile infrastructure, geothermal will only play a bigger role in US power markets. Fervo looks forward to continuing to meet these needs, providing firm, clean power to help balance California’s energy portfolio,\u0026#8221; she added.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLooking ahead, the role of geothermal energy is expected to grow as innovations reduce costs and improve accessibility. Enhanced geothermal systems, such as those developed by Fervo Energy, could make geothermal resources available in regions previously considered unsuitable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis development will be essential for creating a more balanced and resilient renewable energy grid capable of delivering base-load power without carbon emissions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"89:T9e3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut how do we access this potent energy source? \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-geothermal-energy\"\u003eWhat is geothermal energy?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe clue is in the term. \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/geothermal/geothermal-basics#:~:text=Geothermal%20energy%20is%20heat%20energy,depths%20below%20the%20earth\" s%20surface.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGeothermal \u003c/a\u003eis a portmanteau of the words \u003cem\u003egeo \u003c/em\u003e(Greek for \u0026#8216;Earth\u0026#8217;) and \u003cem\u003etherme\u003c/em\u003e (Greek for \u0026#8216;heat\u0026#8217;).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Geothermal Power Everywhere: Tech Advances Rapidly\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/QByk4jJwp9c?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn its simplest sense, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/geothermal/#:~:text=The%20word%20geothermal%20comes%20from,buildings%2C%20and%20for%20generating%20electricity.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003egeothermal energy\u003c/a\u003e is any form of energy generated by using the Earth\u0026#8217;s heat, but it is a bit more complicated than that. The first thing to know is that the inside our planet is a very hot core.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis internal heat is produced from the radioactive decay of particles within the planet\u0026#8217;s crust, mantle, and core. Residual heat from the time of Earth\u0026#8217;s formation also accounts for some of it\u0026#8217;s internal heat, but this is a minor component.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-heat-beneath-our-feet\"\u003eThe heat beneath our feet\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLike in a nuclear reactor, this decay produces vestigial heat that gradually increases with depth. \u003ca href=\"https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geothermal_gradient#:~:text=The%20geothermal%20gradient%20is%20the,for%20every%20kilometer%20of%20depth.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eTemperatures\u003c/a\u003e can get pretty hot depending on where you look inside the Earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, scientists have found that the temperature of the Earth\u0026#8217;s inner core is approximately 10,800 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Amazingly, this is as hot as the surface of the Sun!\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"8a:T7ee,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTemperatures in the mantle range from about 392°F at the mantle-crust boundary to approximately 7,230°F at the mantle-core boundary. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"Icelandic geothermal power plant.\" class=\"wp-image-118110\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=300,225 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg?resize=768,576 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eImage of the Icelandic \u003cem\u003eKrafla \u003c/em\u003egeothermal power plant. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Krafla_geothermal_power_station_wiki.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eÁsgeir Eggertsson/Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOther heat sources exist on the planet, especially within the very thin crust on which we live. For example, rocks and water absorb heat from magma located deep underground. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSome places on the planet have been found to bring this inner heat source closer to the surface, proving to be ideal spots to tap geothermal energy. This is especially the case where magma bodies have infiltrated the Earth\u0026#8217;s crust (like under volcanoes or at plate boundaries).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs encouraging as this sounds, it is important to note that geothermal energy is not without its downsides. These include high initial costs and the need for specific geological conditions. Drilling deep into the Earth can be very expensive, and the success of geothermal projects largely depends on finding locations with adequate underground heat.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"8b:T668,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThat being said, there are some \u0026#8216;hacks\u0026#8217; that can be exploited to maximize the significant return on investment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-which-countries-use-geothermal-energy\"\u003eWhich countries use geothermal energy?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003ePlaces like Iceland are prime examples. The island is formed on top of one of these boundaries, namely the mid-Atlantic ridge. Here, magma formed in the mantle often breaches the surface to form volcanoes and lava flows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis location offers a unique potential for renewable energy sources, especially geothermal energy, to be employed relatively easily. In fact, the nation is one of the world\u0026#8217;s preeminent geothermal energy leaders and uses it for many purposes, from direct heating to electrical generation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Geothermal energy is renewable and powerful. Why is most of it untapped?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/c7dy0hUZ9xI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTapping this energy source is much harder for the rest of the world, but not impossible. Since the temperature rises below the crust, drilling deep vertical boreholes is often the most common way to take advantage of this effectively \u0026#8216;free\u0026#8217; energy.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"8c:T833,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/statistics/525206/geothermal-complexes-worldwide-by-size/#:~:text=The%20largest%20geothermal%20plant%20in,located%20north%20of%20San%20Francisco.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIn the United States\u003c/a\u003e, for example, geothermal fields like the Geysers are currently being tapped for this precious source of power. In fact, the largest geothermal plant in the world is the \u003ca href=\"https://geysers.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGeysers Geothermal Complex\u003c/a\u003e, located north of San Francisco. It has a production capacity of 900 megawatts and consists of 22 power plants spread over several miles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese kinds of power plants typically work by drilling deep into the Earth\u0026#8217;s crust to access heat stored in hot water reservoirs or dry rock. Water or another fluid is pumped into these hot zones, where it is heated and turned into steam. This steam drives turbines, generating electricity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-growing-global-power-source\"\u003eA growing global power source\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOther countries, such as Italy, Mexico, the Philippines, and Indonesia, heavily invest in this technology. Other nations, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/sumitomo-has-contributed-to-17-of-global-installed-geothermal-power-capacity/#:~:text=With%20this%20achievement%2C%20the%20total,global%20installed%20geothermal%20power%20capacity.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNew Zealand,\u003c/a\u003e are known for their volcanic landscape and generate about 17% of their electricity through geothermal power. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eib.org/en/projects/all/20150459#:~:text=More%20green%20power%20*%20Geothermal%20operations%20produce,electricity.%20*%20Reduction%20in%20fossil%20fuel%20emissions.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKenya\u003c/a\u003e, a leader in Africa\u0026#8217;s renewable energy initiatives, derives approximately 40% of its energy from geothermal sources, significantly contributing to its sustainable energy mix.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"8d:Ta2a,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, California is about to join the geothermal gravy train thanks to the efforts of companies like Fervo Energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1010\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?w=800\" alt=\"Schematic of a hot-water hydrothermal system.\" class=\"wp-image-118111\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png 800w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=238,300 238w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg_.png?resize=768,970 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eSchematic of a basic hot-water hydrothermal system. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_HotWaterGeothermal_inturperated_version.svg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eGoran tek-en/Wikimeida Commons\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fervo-energy-s-geothermal-technology\"\u003eFervo Energy\u0026#8217;s geothermal technology \u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHouston-based \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/2gw-geothermal-project-approved\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e has been in the news several times in the past few years with breakthroughs in geothermal power plant technology. This has included its combination of carbon capture and geothermal power plant, which was funded, in part, by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCarbon capture is very energy-intensive, so coming up with economical ways to harness it is beneficial. Methods like \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/co2-stored-in-concrete-first-time\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003edirect air carbon capture\u003c/a\u003e (DAC) are one example. DAC is believed to be essential for scrubbing the air of carbon dioxide to help reduce global temperatures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFervo also has few other projects, like in Nevada, that are designed to provide carbon-free, uninterputable renewable energy for \u003ca href=\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-technology-breakthrough-in-next-generation-geothermal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGoogle data centers\u003c/a\u003e. But, these are more of a niche application of geothermal energy. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"8e:T774,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA far more interesting project is the company\u0026#8217;s recent 320 MW Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240625544692/en/Fervo-Energy-Announces-320-MW-Power-Purchase-Agreements-With-Southern-California-Edison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSouthern California Edison\u003c/a\u003e (SCE).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Why Google Is Spending Billions To Build A Geothermal Power Plant\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/AZcB6ME8VyI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder this 15-year agreement, Fervo will provide reliable, clean, and affordable power to 350,000 homes across Southern California. The project will also support SCE’s vision to help California transition to a cleaner energy future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the PPA, SCE will purchase power from Fervo Energy’s 400 MW Cape Station project, currently under construction in southwest Utah. The first phase of the project, totaling 70 MW, is expected to be operational by 2026, while the second phase should go live around 2028.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;This announcement is another milestone in California’s commitment to clean, zero-carbon electricity,\u0026#8221; said David Hochschild, the chair of California Energy Commission. \u0026#8220;Enhanced geothermal systems complement our abundant wind and solar resources by providing critical base load when those sources are limited.\u0026#8221; He added that this is key to ensuring reliability as we transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"8f:T898,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-makes-fervo-s-geothermal-power-revolutionary\"\u003eWhat makes Fervo\u0026#8217;s geothermal power revolutionary?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt the core of Fervo’s innovative geothermal program is a drilling technology that allows geothermal energy to meet the increasing demand for reliable renewable power. The firm achieves this through a special adaptation of existing deep well drilling techniques developed for the oil and gas industries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWell boreholes are drilled deep underground and fluid is injected into them to create fractures in the rock, increasing their permeability. This creates the necessary conditions to generate electricity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe hard work has already paid off. According to Fervo, early drilling results for the project in February 2024 indicate faster drilling times and a significant cost reduction at Cape Station, Fervo’s 400 MW project in Beaver County, Utah.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"Fervo Energy geothermal power plant.\" class=\"wp-image-118112\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg 1024w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=300,168 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DeCroce-Aerial_0226-1024x575-1.jpg?resize=768,431 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eImage of one of Fervo Energy\u0026#8217;s geothermal power plants. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese encouraging results support ongoing commercialization efforts and readiness for large-scale agreements, including the world’s largest geothermal PPA. Fervo has now contracted 373 MW of renewable power from Cape Station.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"90:T1e0e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eAGI by 2025? Why experts are divided on the future of AI\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Like HAL 9000, modern AI shows intelligence without true understanding—mastering tasks but missing human-like intuition.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AGI by 2025? 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Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\",\"name\":\"Interesting Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\",\"name\":\"Interesting Engineering\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/logo/image/\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Interesting_Engineering-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Interesting_Engineering-1.jpg\",\"width\":590,\"height\":198,\"caption\":\"Interesting Engineering\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/logo/image/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\",\"https://x.com/IntEngineering\",\"https://www.linkedin.com/company/interestingengineering/\"],\"email\":\"info@interestingengineering.com\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"201\",\"maxValue\":\"500\"},\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/home-page\"}]}\u003c/script\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video\" content=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/xXCBz_8hM9w\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:type\" content=\"text/html\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:duration\" content=\"2812\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:width\" content=\"480\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:height\" content=\"270\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:adult\" content=\"false\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:upload_date\" content=\"2024-11-26T16:28:00+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"91:T314b,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSejal Sharma is IE\u0026#8217;s AI columnist, offering deep dives into the world of artificial intelligence and its transformative impact across industries. Her bi-monthly AI Logs column explores the latest trends, breakthroughs, and ethical dilemmas in AI, delivering expert analysis and fresh insights. To stay informed, subscribe to our \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/newsletters/ai-logs/subscribe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eAI Logs newsletter\u003c/a\u003e for exclusive content.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIf you look at some of cinema\u0026#8217;s greatest and most bone-chilling villains, HAL 9000 from Stanley Kubrick\u0026#8217;s 1968 Marvel \u003cem\u003e2001: A Space Odyssey \u003c/em\u003eeasily ranks among the top 10.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHAL is one of the foremost portrayals of an artificial general intelligence (AGI), a human-level intellect or above in an artificial being. We never see him, but his words are creepily omnipresent in the film. \u0026#8220;I\u0026#8217;m sorry, Dave. I\u0026#8217;m afraid I can\u0026#8217;t do that,\u0026#8221; responds HAL to Dr David Bowman\u0026#8217;s request to re-enter the spacecraft, setting the stage for Bowman\u0026#8217;s slow and suffocating demise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHAL\u0026#8217;s calm yet increasingly menacing tone builds a sense of dread, reminiscent of when Sir Anthony Hopkins played Hannibal Lecter in 1991 and incidentally took inspiration from HAL.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFast-forward to today, and HAL’s chilling presence feels uncomfortably relevant as big tech races to develop AGI. With industry leaders predicting its arrival within just a few years, the question arises: Are we building the next HAL? Or is true AGI still a distant dream clouded by challenges?\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile those questions are yet to be answered, some of the top leaders in the AI industry are peddling that AGI will be achieved by 2025 or 2026.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn a recent interview, when Y Combinator\u0026#8217;s CEO Garry Tan asked OpenAI CEO Sam Altman what he\u0026#8217;s excited about in 2025, Altman said, \u0026#8220;AGI… that\u0026#8217;s the thing I\u0026#8217;ve been most excited about in my life,\u0026#8221; without elaborating on whether OpenAI has already developed it in their labs or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How To Build The Future: Sam Altman\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/xXCBz_8hM9w?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile venture capitalists and tech bros heading large corporations are inherently optimistic about the future of their products, Altman\u0026#8217;s prediction could have been brushed under the carpet had OpenAI not been the fastest-growing AI company in the world. But another AI CEO making a similar prediction has added fuel to all this AGI fire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eDario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic—the maker of AI chatbot Claude and a competitor to OpenAI\u0026#8217;s ChatGPT—also recently said that AGI can be expected in 2026 or 2027.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCommenting on the rapid progress of generative AI, Amodei explained, \u0026#8220;We\u0026#8217;re starting to get to PhD level, and last year we were at undergraduate level and the year before we were at the level of a high school student… but if you just eyeball the rate at which these capabilities are increasing, it does make you think that we\u0026#8217;ll get there by 2026 or 2027.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Dario Amodei: Anthropic CEO on Claude, AGI \u0026amp; the Future of AI \u0026amp; Humanity | Lex Fridman Podcast #452\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/ugvHCXCOmm4?start=8254\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMillions of dollars are riding on these expectations. The global AI market size has gone from $124 billion in 2022 to $184 billion in 2024. It is expected to be an \u003ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1474143/global-ai-market-size\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eindustry worth $826 billion by 2030\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut erring on the side of caution, Amodei also said that many things could go wrong and derail the development of AGI. For example, \u0026#8220;We could run out of data. We might not be able to scale clusters as much as we want. Maybe Taiwan gets blown up or something, and then we can\u0026#8217;t produce as many GPUs as we want,\u0026#8221; he said amusingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-is-ai-showing-signs-of-slowing-down\"\u003eIs AI showing signs of slowing down?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eToo bad Amodei didn\u0026#8217;t bet on things going wrong (though that would have been a bet against himself), but in the last couple of months alone, we are seeing signs that things are…progressing rather slowly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the things the AI industry has truly believed is that the more data an AI model will train on, the more efficient it will become. By that logic, superintelligent AI would be the outcome of the availability of big data, accelerated increases in computing power, and advances in machine learning. But some of the pioneers of the AI industry seem to be contradicting this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIlya Sutskever, co-founder of Safe Superintelligence and OpenAI, said that big gains from training AI on massive amounts of data have started to slow down.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;The 2010s were the age of scaling, now we\u0026#8217;re back in the age of wonder and discovery once again. Everyone is looking for the next thing,\u0026#8221; Sutskever told \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/openai-rivals-seek-new-path-smarter-ai-current-methods-hit-limitations-2024-11-11/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eReuters\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;Scaling the right thing matters more now than ever.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn a separate report, some insiders told \u003ca href=\"https://www.theinformation.com/articles/openai-shifts-strategy-as-rate-of-gpt-ai-improvements-slows\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Information\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e that OpenAI\u0026#8217;s Orion is shining in language tasks but stumbling in coding—an area where expectations are sky-high. Another \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-13/openai-google-and-anthropic-are-struggling-to-build-more-advanced-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBloomberg\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e report claims that the leap from GPT-4 to Orion seems far less impressive than the giant strides from GPT-3 to GPT-4, and that\u0026#8217;s causing some raised eyebrows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis trend isn\u0026#8217;t unique to OpenAI. Other major players like Google and Anthropic are also facing challenges with their latest models. These difficulties are prompting discussions about the need for new approaches to training AI beyond merely increasing model size and computational power.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA big part of the problem is also the AI industry\u0026#8217;s Achilles\u0026#8217; heel: data. OpenAI is running out of fresh training data and has set up a special team to hunt for more. Meanwhile, they\u0026#8217;re trying workarounds like fine-tuning models post-training, but that only papers over the cracks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-flailing-on-mathematical-reasoning\"\u003eFlailing on mathematical reasoning\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne other thing that shows that AI might not be where we thought it is is their performances in mathematical reasoning. Mathematical problems are widely used as benchmarks because they demand understanding of rules, the ability to manipulate them flexibly, and creativity in finding solutions—attributes often associated with human-like intelligence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA \u003ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003estudy\u003c/a\u003e published four days ago introduced a new benchmark called FrontierMath—a test with hundreds of very advanced math reasoning problems—to evaluate AI models. Researchers tested six top AI language models, namely OpenAI\u0026#8217;s o1-preview, o1-mini and GPT-4o, and Anthropic\u0026#8217;s Claude 3.5 Sonnet, xAI\u0026#8217;s Grok 2 Beta and Google\u0026#8217;s Gemini 1.5 Pro. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe results were disappointing—none of the models could solve even two percent of the problems, far worse than their performance on other math tests like GSM8K or AIME, where they\u0026#8217;ve almost maxed out their potential.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey also looked closer at the few problems that any model managed to solve. Even then, the results were inconsistent. For example, only one model—o1-preview—solved a problem correctly every single time it was tested.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-there-is-no-one-true-definition-of-agi\"\u003eThere is no one true definition of AGI\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAI pioneer \u003ca href=\"https://ojs.aaai.org/aimagazine/index.php/aimagazine/article/view/1850\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNils Nilsson\u0026#8217;s prediction\u003c/a\u003e in 2005 that \u0026#8220;achieving real human-level AI would necessarily imply that most of the tasks that humans perform for pay could be automated,\u0026#8221; emphasizes the challenge of defining AGI, as it raises questions about its societal implications. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThere will be a lot of debate when (or if) we finally hit AGI. And without a clear definition, researchers may disagree on whether a system truly qualifies as AGI.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ambiguity was recently highlighted by Fei-Fei Li, the so-called \u0026#8216;godmother of AI\u0026#8217; and a key figure in AI development. She expressed that she doesn\u0026#8217;t truly know what AGI means.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;I come from academic AI and have been educated in the more rigorous and evidence-based methods, so I don\u0026#8217;t really know what all these words mean,\u0026#8221; \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2024/10/03/even-the-godmother-of-ai-has-no-idea-what-agi-is/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003esaid Li\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;I frankly don\u0026#8217;t even know what AGI means. Like people say you know it when you see it, I guess I haven\u0026#8217;t seen it.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOthers, like \u003ca href=\"https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/sam-altman-artificial-intelligence-openai-profile.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAltman\u003c/a\u003e and Amodei, define AGI more concretely, likening it to collaborating with a highly intelligent human colleague. However, these definitions vary, and some researchers still question whether these AI systems meet the necessary criteria.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne thing is certain: scaling up will be essential. OpenAI outlines a tiered approach to AGI, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-11/openai-sets-levels-to-track-progress-toward-superintelligent-ai?embedded-checkout=true\u0026amp;sref=HrWXCALa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003efive levels of AI intelligence\u003c/a\u003e, ranging from basic chatbots to fully autonomous systems capable of running organizations, which it calls AGI. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith the launch of the o1 model, OpenAI is currently at Level 2—the reasoners level. And by early next year, reports say it is expected to reach Level 3 after launching an autonomous\u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-13/openai-nears-launch-of-ai-agents-to-automate-tasks-for-users\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e AI agent\u003c/a\u003e codenamed \u0026#8216;Operator.\u0026#8217; \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, considering the pace of progress and the recent reports of AI models showing signs of slowing down, Altman\u0026#8217;s prediction of achieving AGI by 2025 seems ambitious. How could AGI be reached by jumping two levels within a year, especially when the current trajectory suggests that AI\u0026#8217;s rapid advancements may be facing roadblocks?\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUltimately, as we continue to develop AI models, we may find ourselves in a situation similar to HAL 9000: a machine that seems to have intelligence yet remains somewhat distant from true human-like understanding. And with so many varying definitions of AGI, is there a chance that we might not recognize it when we finally see it?\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"92:T61d,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile those questions are yet to be answered, some of the top leaders in the AI industry are peddling that AGI will be achieved by 2025 or 2026.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn a recent interview, when Y Combinator\u0026#8217;s CEO Garry Tan asked OpenAI CEO Sam Altman what he\u0026#8217;s excited about in 2025, Altman said, \u0026#8220;AGI… that\u0026#8217;s the thing I\u0026#8217;ve been most excited about in my life,\u0026#8221; without elaborating on whether OpenAI has already developed it in their labs or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How To Build The Future: Sam Altman\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/xXCBz_8hM9w?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile venture capitalists and tech bros heading large corporations are inherently optimistic about the future of their products, Altman\u0026#8217;s prediction could have been brushed under the carpet had OpenAI not been the fastest-growing AI company in the world. But another AI CEO making a similar prediction has added fuel to all this AGI fire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eDario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic—the maker of AI chatbot Claude and a competitor to OpenAI\u0026#8217;s ChatGPT—also recently said that AGI can be expected in 2026 or 2027.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"93:T6c1,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCommenting on the rapid progress of generative AI, Amodei explained, \u0026#8220;We\u0026#8217;re starting to get to PhD level, and last year we were at undergraduate level and the year before we were at the level of a high school student… but if you just eyeball the rate at which these capabilities are increasing, it does make you think that we\u0026#8217;ll get there by 2026 or 2027.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Dario Amodei: Anthropic CEO on Claude, AGI \u0026amp; the Future of AI \u0026amp; Humanity | Lex Fridman Podcast #452\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/ugvHCXCOmm4?start=8254\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMillions of dollars are riding on these expectations. The global AI market size has gone from $124 billion in 2022 to $184 billion in 2024. It is expected to be an \u003ca href=\"https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1474143/global-ai-market-size\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eindustry worth $826 billion by 2030\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut erring on the side of caution, Amodei also said that many things could go wrong and derail the development of AGI. For example, \u0026#8220;We could run out of data. We might not be able to scale clusters as much as we want. Maybe Taiwan gets blown up or something, and then we can\u0026#8217;t produce as many GPUs as we want,\u0026#8221; he said amusingly.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"94:T564,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-is-ai-showing-signs-of-slowing-down\"\u003eIs AI showing signs of slowing down?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eToo bad Amodei didn\u0026#8217;t bet on things going wrong (though that would have been a bet against himself), but in the last couple of months alone, we are seeing signs that things are…progressing rather slowly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the things the AI industry has truly believed is that the more data an AI model will train on, the more efficient it will become. By that logic, superintelligent AI would be the outcome of the availability of big data, accelerated increases in computing power, and advances in machine learning. But some of the pioneers of the AI industry seem to be contradicting this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIlya Sutskever, co-founder of Safe Superintelligence and OpenAI, said that big gains from training AI on massive amounts of data have started to slow down.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;The 2010s were the age of scaling, now we\u0026#8217;re back in the age of wonder and discovery once again. Everyone is looking for the next thing,\u0026#8221; Sutskever told \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/openai-rivals-seek-new-path-smarter-ai-current-methods-hit-limitations-2024-11-11/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eReuters\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;Scaling the right thing matters more now than ever.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"95:T560,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn a separate report, some insiders told \u003ca href=\"https://www.theinformation.com/articles/openai-shifts-strategy-as-rate-of-gpt-ai-improvements-slows\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Information\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e that OpenAI\u0026#8217;s Orion is shining in language tasks but stumbling in coding—an area where expectations are sky-high. Another \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-13/openai-google-and-anthropic-are-struggling-to-build-more-advanced-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBloomberg\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e report claims that the leap from GPT-4 to Orion seems far less impressive than the giant strides from GPT-3 to GPT-4, and that\u0026#8217;s causing some raised eyebrows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis trend isn\u0026#8217;t unique to OpenAI. Other major players like Google and Anthropic are also facing challenges with their latest models. These difficulties are prompting discussions about the need for new approaches to training AI beyond merely increasing model size and computational power.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA big part of the problem is also the AI industry\u0026#8217;s Achilles\u0026#8217; heel: data. OpenAI is running out of fresh training data and has set up a special team to hunt for more. Meanwhile, they\u0026#8217;re trying workarounds like fine-tuning models post-training, but that only papers over the cracks.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"96:T4b0,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-flailing-on-mathematical-reasoning\"\u003eFlailing on mathematical reasoning\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne other thing that shows that AI might not be where we thought it is is their performances in mathematical reasoning. Mathematical problems are widely used as benchmarks because they demand understanding of rules, the ability to manipulate them flexibly, and creativity in finding solutions—attributes often associated with human-like intelligence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA \u003ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003estudy\u003c/a\u003e published four days ago introduced a new benchmark called FrontierMath—a test with hundreds of very advanced math reasoning problems—to evaluate AI models. Researchers tested six top AI language models, namely OpenAI\u0026#8217;s o1-preview, o1-mini and GPT-4o, and Anthropic\u0026#8217;s Claude 3.5 Sonnet, xAI\u0026#8217;s Grok 2 Beta and Google\u0026#8217;s Gemini 1.5 Pro. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe results were disappointing—none of the models could solve even two percent of the problems, far worse than their performance on other math tests like GSM8K or AIME, where they\u0026#8217;ve almost maxed out their potential.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"97:T4a3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey also looked closer at the few problems that any model managed to solve. Even then, the results were inconsistent. For example, only one model—o1-preview—solved a problem correctly every single time it was tested.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-there-is-no-one-true-definition-of-agi\"\u003eThere is no one true definition of AGI\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAI pioneer \u003ca href=\"https://ojs.aaai.org/aimagazine/index.php/aimagazine/article/view/1850\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNils Nilsson\u0026#8217;s prediction\u003c/a\u003e in 2005 that \u0026#8220;achieving real human-level AI would necessarily imply that most of the tasks that humans perform for pay could be automated,\u0026#8221; emphasizes the challenge of defining AGI, as it raises questions about its societal implications. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThere will be a lot of debate when (or if) we finally hit AGI. And without a clear definition, researchers may disagree on whether a system truly qualifies as AGI.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ambiguity was recently highlighted by Fei-Fei Li, the so-called \u0026#8216;godmother of AI\u0026#8217; and a key figure in AI development. She expressed that she doesn\u0026#8217;t truly know what AGI means.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"98:T722,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;I come from academic AI and have been educated in the more rigorous and evidence-based methods, so I don\u0026#8217;t really know what all these words mean,\u0026#8221; \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2024/10/03/even-the-godmother-of-ai-has-no-idea-what-agi-is/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003esaid Li\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;I frankly don\u0026#8217;t even know what AGI means. Like people say you know it when you see it, I guess I haven\u0026#8217;t seen it.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOthers, like \u003ca href=\"https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/sam-altman-artificial-intelligence-openai-profile.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAltman\u003c/a\u003e and Amodei, define AGI more concretely, likening it to collaborating with a highly intelligent human colleague. However, these definitions vary, and some researchers still question whether these AI systems meet the necessary criteria.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne thing is certain: scaling up will be essential. OpenAI outlines a tiered approach to AGI, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-11/openai-sets-levels-to-track-progress-toward-superintelligent-ai?embedded-checkout=true\u0026amp;sref=HrWXCALa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003efive levels of AI intelligence\u003c/a\u003e, ranging from basic chatbots to fully autonomous systems capable of running organizations, which it calls AGI. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith the launch of the o1 model, OpenAI is currently at Level 2—the reasoners level. And by early next year, reports say it is expected to reach Level 3 after launching an autonomous\u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-13/openai-nears-launch-of-ai-agents-to-automate-tasks-for-users\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e AI agent\u003c/a\u003e codenamed \u0026#8216;Operator.\u0026#8217; \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"99:T1f13,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eExtinct human species found in North China with unique large heads\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Researchers believe that the extinct human species lived in small groups, which might have made them susceptible to snowstorms.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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content=\"2024-11-26T15:24:28+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T15:24:35+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screen-Shot-2024-11-26-at-9.14.40-PM.png\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Maria Mocerino\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Maria Mocerino\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" 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content=\"2024-11-26T15:24:28+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"9a:T13a1,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eA new species of hominin or humans has been discovered in Northern China with an unforgettable physical feature— large heads. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEveryone knows the Neanderthals, homo sapiens, and Denisovans are amongst the first human species. The sapiens are considered the modern humans in that grouping that migrated out of Africa. However, according to research out of China, the number of prehistoric human species might be growing.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“The morphological diversity among late Quaternary hominin fossils from eastern Asia is greater than we expected,” the authors of a new study stated. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, “a number of new eastern Asian hominin taxa” have appeared on researcher’s radar over the past several decades. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAmong them, making headlines, is a new species that has been given an apt name \u0026#8211; Homo juluensis \u0026#8211; for their strikingly large heads. Ju Lu means “huge head\u0026#8221; in Chinese, as the \u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post\u003c/em\u003e reports. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe ancient human with an impressive head size is shaking up this area of science that lies at the foundation of us, humans. Study authors propose that the Denisovans are actually\u0026nbsp;Homo juluensis\u0026nbsp;and that this research contributes to the “decolonization” of the field so that Asia can assume its rightful place.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-species-of-hominid-in-china-homo-juluensis\"\u003eA new species of hominid in China: Homo juluensis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1970s, fossils belonging to 16 individuals were found in two different locations in China. They appeared to belong to a unique species. Thousands of artifacts, stone tools, and animal bones were also uncovered. Strikingly, as lead researchers explained, they seemed to have stumbled upon a horse kill site.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHomo juluensis\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003eseemed to have hunted wild horses as a group which they would use entirely, consuming the meat, marrow, and cartilage, and making clothes with the hides with stone tools to survive the brutal winters. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith such an evocative snapshot of the inner workings of this proposed new human species, it sparks many questions, as to what happened to them. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers believe that they lived in small groups, which might have made them susceptible to snowstorms, but they seemed to disappear about 120,000 years ago as modern humans began to migrate across the world. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-era-for-the-earliest-humans\"\u003eA new era for the earliest humans?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut first, study authors strike a clear line between this new species of hominin with others but draw a controversial similarity to the Denisovans. Their teeth are alike, leading them to suggest that the Denisovans aren’t related to the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/neanderthals-hunted-cave-lions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eNeanderthals\u003c/a\u003e but are, in fact, Homo juluensis.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eChinese researchers argued to\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;that Denisovan refers to a general population rather than a specific species. But Westerners want Chinese fossils to take on this name, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/how-neanderthals-and-denisovans-interbred-due-to-early-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eDenisovan\u003c/a\u003e, but they are proposing the opposite if a \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/ancient-human-genetic-material-found-preserved-in-2-million-year-old-teeth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003enew species\u003c/a\u003e has been identified, which they claim has been done.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt’s time to reorganize our understanding of the first humans, according to research heads Christopher Bae and Wu Xiujie. As they told\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3288005/big-head-big-teeth-big-implications-early-hominid-china-stirs-new-species-debate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSCMP\u003c/a\u003e,\u0026nbsp;“\u003c/em\u003emultiple hominin lineages” are turning up in research dating back between 300,000-50,000 years ago.\u0026nbsp;So we might have more than one human species to add to the prehistoric list. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“The eastern Asian record is prompting us to recognize just how complex human evolution is more generally and really forcing us to revise and rethink our interpretations of various evolutionary models to better match the growing fossil record.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Return of the Ekranoplan\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/q-hr-Qc4Dz0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"9b:T447,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-species-of-hominid-in-china-homo-juluensis\"\u003eA new species of hominid in China: Homo juluensis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1970s, fossils belonging to 16 individuals were found in two different locations in China. They appeared to belong to a unique species. Thousands of artifacts, stone tools, and animal bones were also uncovered. Strikingly, as lead researchers explained, they seemed to have stumbled upon a horse kill site.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHomo juluensis\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003eseemed to have hunted wild horses as a group which they would use entirely, consuming the meat, marrow, and cartilage, and making clothes with the hides with stone tools to survive the brutal winters. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith such an evocative snapshot of the inner workings of this proposed new human species, it sparks many questions, as to what happened to them. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers believe that they lived in small groups, which might have made them susceptible to snowstorms, but they seemed to disappear about 120,000 years ago as modern humans began to migrate across the world. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"9c:T6ef,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-era-for-the-earliest-humans\"\u003eA new era for the earliest humans?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut first, study authors strike a clear line between this new species of hominin with others but draw a controversial similarity to the Denisovans. Their teeth are alike, leading them to suggest that the Denisovans aren’t related to the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/neanderthals-hunted-cave-lions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eNeanderthals\u003c/a\u003e but are, in fact, Homo juluensis.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eChinese researchers argued to\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;that Denisovan refers to a general population rather than a specific species. But Westerners want Chinese fossils to take on this name, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/how-neanderthals-and-denisovans-interbred-due-to-early-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eDenisovan\u003c/a\u003e, but they are proposing the opposite if a \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/ancient-human-genetic-material-found-preserved-in-2-million-year-old-teeth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003enew species\u003c/a\u003e has been identified, which they claim has been done.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt’s time to reorganize our understanding of the first humans, according to research heads Christopher Bae and Wu Xiujie. As they told\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3288005/big-head-big-teeth-big-implications-early-hominid-china-stirs-new-species-debate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSCMP\u003c/a\u003e,\u0026nbsp;“\u003c/em\u003emultiple hominin lineages” are turning up in research dating back between 300,000-50,000 years ago.\u0026nbsp;So we might have more than one human species to add to the prehistoric list. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"9d:T1fab,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eUK: Robot dogs are sniffing out profits in agriculture for farmers\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"UK scientists trial robots with gamma ray detectors to map soil health, offering faster, precise insights to 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property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T15:04:18+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T15:04:25+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T193826.433.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Jijo Malayil\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" 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content=\"2024-11-26T15:04:18+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"9e:T1bd6,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eScientists are testing a new robotic technology to help farmers quickly assess soil health in the United Kingdom.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA gamma ray detector, developed by a local Cornish company, is being used to map soil quality on fields in Cornwell. The detector is mounted on tracked robots and quadrupeds for accessibility and quicker turnaround times. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAccording to a British news provider, the trial, which is being conducted in collaboration with the University of Plymouth, aims to provide farmers with more efficient ways to monitor soil conditions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe technology, which offers faster and more accurate results than traditional methods, could boost farm profitability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-regenerative-farming\"\u003eRegenerative farming\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eGlobally, 12 million hectares of agricultural soil are lost annually due to degradation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn England and Wales, a 2019 UK Environment Agency report revealed that 17% of soils showed signs of erosion, with four million hectares at risk of compaction from grazing animals or heavy machinery. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAn additional 300,000 hectares were polluted. Despite these challenges, soil health metrics remain hard to quantify, and governments rarely implement long-term systematic sampling strategies.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFarmers are increasingly adopting regenerative agriculture to combat soil degradation and promote recovery. Practices like planting cover crops, reducing tillage, direct drilling, managing grazing carefully, planting trees, and boosting organic matter help protect and restore soils.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How are robots built?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/oHKCwyUa2rg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, innovative technologies are enabling farmers and scientists to measure soil conditions more accurately. By working together, ecologists and farmers are turning to sustainable strategies to address the global soil crisis and safeguard agricultural productivity for the future.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDespite extensive research on soils, it has become apparent that soil assessments, particularly those advised for farmers, often prioritize physical and chemical measures. These assessments frequently overlook the diverse communities of organisms—ranging from microbes and fungi to earthworms and plants—that inhabit the soil.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditionally, sampling strategies rarely account for the significant variations in soil conditions, which can differ greatly within a single field or across seasons.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026#8220;Detecting changes over years or between management practices is often prohibitively expensive to farmers, as large numbers of replicate samples are needed. New research and technology can help close this gap,\u0026#8221; said Jennifer Rowntree, associate professor in Ecological Genetics, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, in an \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/from-robots-and-drones-to-sheep-trackers-new-tech-can-help-farmers-monitor-and-improve-soil-health-227250\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003earticle\u003c/a\u003e on \u003cem\u003eThe Conversation\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-farming-tech-advancements-including-robots\"\u003eFarming tech advancements -including robots\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003ePlowing and other intensive agricultural techniques disturb microbial networks and release stored carbon, which has a substantial negative influence on \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/electrically-conductive-soil-boosts-growth-by-50-in-plants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esoil\u003c/a\u003e health. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to researchers, while industrial fertilizers and pesticides damage soil organisms and contaminate streams, heavy grazing compacts the soil, decreasing its ability to absorb water. New robot using technologies provide ways to monitor and safeguard the health of the soil.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSatellite sensors, which offer precise photos, make tracking plant growth, disease, soil deterioration, and water content possible. Thanks to these insights, farmers are better able to make decisions regarding sustainable practices.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSoil sensors—like portable near-infrared devices—measure \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eorganic\u003c/a\u003e matter without disturbing crops. Mounted on drones or robotic \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/engineers-create-robots-function-without-electricity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eplatforms\u003c/a\u003e, they can navigate rough terrain efficiently, while robotic “dogs” access tight spaces like hedgerows. Soil microbial chemical reactions may even power future sensors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How AI Farming Robots Can Fix Agriculture\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aVcQp-WQbF0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the recent project, the £25,000 gamma detector from Robotriks, measures naturally occurring radiation levels in soil, offering a faster alternative to traditional methods. Typically, soil samples are manually collected from several field areas and sent to a laboratory, and results take days or weeks to arrive.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yxw9wr3j4o\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBBC\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e claims that the procedure is expensive and time-consuming, restricting the number of samples a farmer can afford. By offering thorough maps of soil properties, the new tool mounted on the robot seeks to expedite this process and facilitate more rapid, data-driven farming decisions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnimal sensors also monitor cattle movements, detecting regions where soil compaction is likely to occur. These sensors, in conjunction with long-range networks like LoRaWAN, ensure dependable data transmission even in remote locations.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDNA technology is also advancing soil monitoring. Thanks to handheld sequencers that map microbial communities and quickly identify dangerous infections like Fusarium, farmers can now swiftly modify their methods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Rowntree, collaborative efforts between researchers and farmers are vital for developing accessible tools to monitor soil health. These innovations support sustainable farming, ensuring soil preservation for future generations.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"9f:Tb17,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-regenerative-farming\"\u003eRegenerative farming\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eGlobally, 12 million hectares of agricultural soil are lost annually due to degradation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn England and Wales, a 2019 UK Environment Agency report revealed that 17% of soils showed signs of erosion, with four million hectares at risk of compaction from grazing animals or heavy machinery. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAn additional 300,000 hectares were polluted. Despite these challenges, soil health metrics remain hard to quantify, and governments rarely implement long-term systematic sampling strategies.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFarmers are increasingly adopting regenerative agriculture to combat soil degradation and promote recovery. Practices like planting cover crops, reducing tillage, direct drilling, managing grazing carefully, planting trees, and boosting organic matter help protect and restore soils.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How are robots built?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/oHKCwyUa2rg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, innovative technologies are enabling farmers and scientists to measure soil conditions more accurately. By working together, ecologists and farmers are turning to sustainable strategies to address the global soil crisis and safeguard agricultural productivity for the future.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDespite extensive research on soils, it has become apparent that soil assessments, particularly those advised for farmers, often prioritize physical and chemical measures. These assessments frequently overlook the diverse communities of organisms—ranging from microbes and fungi to earthworms and plants—that inhabit the soil.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditionally, sampling strategies rarely account for the significant variations in soil conditions, which can differ greatly within a single field or across seasons.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026#8220;Detecting changes over years or between management practices is often prohibitively expensive to farmers, as large numbers of replicate samples are needed. New research and technology can help close this gap,\u0026#8221; said Jennifer Rowntree, associate professor in Ecological Genetics, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, in an \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/from-robots-and-drones-to-sheep-trackers-new-tech-can-help-farmers-monitor-and-improve-soil-health-227250\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003earticle\u003c/a\u003e on \u003cem\u003eThe Conversation\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a0:T630,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-farming-tech-advancements-including-robots\"\u003eFarming tech advancements -including robots\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003ePlowing and other intensive agricultural techniques disturb microbial networks and release stored carbon, which has a substantial negative influence on \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/electrically-conductive-soil-boosts-growth-by-50-in-plants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esoil\u003c/a\u003e health. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to researchers, while industrial fertilizers and pesticides damage soil organisms and contaminate streams, heavy grazing compacts the soil, decreasing its ability to absorb water. New robot using technologies provide ways to monitor and safeguard the health of the soil.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSatellite sensors, which offer precise photos, make tracking plant growth, disease, soil deterioration, and water content possible. Thanks to these insights, farmers are better able to make decisions regarding sustainable practices.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSoil sensors—like portable near-infrared devices—measure \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eorganic\u003c/a\u003e matter without disturbing crops. Mounted on drones or robotic \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/engineers-create-robots-function-without-electricity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eplatforms\u003c/a\u003e, they can navigate rough terrain efficiently, while robotic “dogs” access tight spaces like hedgerows. Soil microbial chemical reactions may even power future sensors.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a1:T6e5,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How AI Farming Robots Can Fix Agriculture\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aVcQp-WQbF0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the recent project, the £25,000 gamma detector from Robotriks, measures naturally occurring radiation levels in soil, offering a faster alternative to traditional methods. Typically, soil samples are manually collected from several field areas and sent to a laboratory, and results take days or weeks to arrive.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yxw9wr3j4o\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBBC\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e claims that the procedure is expensive and time-consuming, restricting the number of samples a farmer can afford. By offering thorough maps of soil properties, the new tool mounted on the robot seeks to expedite this process and facilitate more rapid, data-driven farming decisions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnimal sensors also monitor cattle movements, detecting regions where soil compaction is likely to occur. These sensors, in conjunction with long-range networks like LoRaWAN, ensure dependable data transmission even in remote locations.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDNA technology is also advancing soil monitoring. Thanks to handheld sequencers that map microbial communities and quickly identify dangerous infections like Fusarium, farmers can now swiftly modify their methods.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a2:T209e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eMIT develops new industrial water filter inspired by manta rays\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Inspired by this natural filtering mechanism, MIT engineers have designed new water filters for industrial purposes. \" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MIT develops new industrial water filter inspired by manta rays\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Inspired by this natural filtering mechanism, MIT engineers have designed new water filters for industrial purposes. \" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:15:19+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:15:27+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-2_71c5e8.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/696f755f1eed421bdfd49e34e42a53ae\"},\"headline\":\"MIT unveils manta ray-inspired water filter design for industrial plants\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T14:15:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T14:15:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\"},\"wordCount\":557,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-2_71c5e8.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Engineers fabricated a simple water filter modeled after the mobula ray’s plankton-filtering features. 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These vortices trap plankton particles, directing them into the ray\u0026#8217;s gullet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We show that the mobula ray has evolved the geometry of these plates to be the perfect size to balance feeding and breathing,” said Anette “Peko” Hosoi, the study author at MIT.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123196\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg 900w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg?resize=300,200 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg?resize=768,512 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eMobula rays engulf seawater and use specialized filters in their oral cavity to separate food particles.\u0026nbsp;Jing Xue\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-filter-with-permeability-and-selectivity\"\u003eFilter with permeability and selectivity\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIndustrial filters require a balance between permeability and selectivity. This determines how readily fluid can pass through a filter and its ability to capture particles of a specific size.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, the mobula ray efficiently balances both permeability and selectivity in its feeding mechanism.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers questioned if the ray\u0026#8217;s efficient design could inspire improvements in industrial filters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey fabricated a simple filter and referred to its design as a “leaky channel.” Basically, a device consisting of a pipe with openings along its sides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe filter consisted of two flat, transparent acrylic plates. They are glued together at their ends, creating a long, narrow channel between them. This channel allows liquid to pass through it.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, they inserted 3D-printed structures, mimicking the mobula ray\u0026#8217;s mouth grooves, at one end of this channel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How do we get clean drinking water?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/PEKXB3N6g3I?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cross-flow-filtration-blueprint\"\u003eCross-flow filtration blueprint\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers experimented with different \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mits-new-silk-cellulose-water-filter-blocks-stubborn-forever-chemicals-metals\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ewater\u003c/a\u003e flow rates in their filters. Dye was added to the water to track its flow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt low flow rates, the water smoothly passed through the grooves. However, as the flow rate increased, the water began to swirl at the entrance of each groove, forming vortices. This vortex formation prevented particles from passing through the filter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This vortex is not blocking water, but it is blocking particles,” Hosoi explained.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Whereas in a slower flow, particles go through the filter with the water, at higher flow rates, particles try to get through the filter but are blocked by this vortex and are shot down the channel instead. The vortex is helpful because it prevents particles from flowing out,” Hosoi added.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team suggests that the formation of vortices is the key to the mobula ray\u0026#8217;s ability to efficiently filter plankton from water.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, they utilized experimental results and mobula ray-filtering dimensions to develop a cross-flow \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/device-ultra-clean-water-hydroponic-system\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efiltration\u003c/a\u003e blueprint.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“You want to design a filter such that you’re in the regime where you generate vortices,” Hosoi said.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our guidelines tell you: If you want your plant to pump at a certain rate, then your filter has to have a particular pore diameter and spacing to generate vortices that will filter out particles of this size. The mobula ray is giving us a really nice rule of thumb for rational design,” the author concluded in the \u003ca href=\"https://news.mit.edu/2024/mit-engineers-design-manta-ray-inspired-water-filters-1125\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2410018121\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a4:T7bb,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We show that the mobula ray has evolved the geometry of these plates to be the perfect size to balance feeding and breathing,” said Anette “Peko” Hosoi, the study author at MIT.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123196\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg 900w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg?resize=300,200 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-MantaRay-Filter-02-press.jpeg?resize=768,512 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eMobula rays engulf seawater and use specialized filters in their oral cavity to separate food particles.\u0026nbsp;Jing Xue\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-filter-with-permeability-and-selectivity\"\u003eFilter with permeability and selectivity\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIndustrial filters require a balance between permeability and selectivity. This determines how readily fluid can pass through a filter and its ability to capture particles of a specific size.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, the mobula ray efficiently balances both permeability and selectivity in its feeding mechanism.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers questioned if the ray\u0026#8217;s efficient design could inspire improvements in industrial filters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey fabricated a simple filter and referred to its design as a “leaky channel.” Basically, a device consisting of a pipe with openings along its sides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe filter consisted of two flat, transparent acrylic plates. They are glued together at their ends, creating a long, narrow channel between them. This channel allows liquid to pass through it.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a5:T6d7,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, they inserted 3D-printed structures, mimicking the mobula ray\u0026#8217;s mouth grooves, at one end of this channel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How do we get clean drinking water?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/PEKXB3N6g3I?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cross-flow-filtration-blueprint\"\u003eCross-flow filtration blueprint\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers experimented with different \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mits-new-silk-cellulose-water-filter-blocks-stubborn-forever-chemicals-metals\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ewater\u003c/a\u003e flow rates in their filters. Dye was added to the water to track its flow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt low flow rates, the water smoothly passed through the grooves. However, as the flow rate increased, the water began to swirl at the entrance of each groove, forming vortices. This vortex formation prevented particles from passing through the filter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This vortex is not blocking water, but it is blocking particles,” Hosoi explained.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Whereas in a slower flow, particles go through the filter with the water, at higher flow rates, particles try to get through the filter but are blocked by this vortex and are shot down the channel instead. The vortex is helpful because it prevents particles from flowing out,” Hosoi added.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a6:T4d9,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team suggests that the formation of vortices is the key to the mobula ray\u0026#8217;s ability to efficiently filter plankton from water.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, they utilized experimental results and mobula ray-filtering dimensions to develop a cross-flow \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/device-ultra-clean-water-hydroponic-system\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efiltration\u003c/a\u003e blueprint.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“You want to design a filter such that you’re in the regime where you generate vortices,” Hosoi said.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our guidelines tell you: If you want your plant to pump at a certain rate, then your filter has to have a particular pore diameter and spacing to generate vortices that will filter out particles of this size. The mobula ray is giving us a really nice rule of thumb for rational design,” the author concluded in the \u003ca href=\"https://news.mit.edu/2024/mit-engineers-design-manta-ray-inspired-water-filters-1125\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2410018121\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a7:T1f49,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eSpin-powered crystals could boost hydrogen production 200 times\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"These crystals can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spin-powered crystals could boost hydrogen production 200 times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"These crystals can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:14:23+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:14:30+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_448eae.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta 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/\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a8:T12fb,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen is increasingly seen as an important element in the transition to a low-carbon future. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNow, researchers have discovered a new approach to improve the efficiency of water splitting, a process that produces clean hydrogen fuel.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMax Planck Institute researchers used a special type of crystal called\u0026nbsp;topological chiral crystals.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals, with their unique chiral structure, possess extraordinary quantum properties. They can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;By leveraging the unique spin properties of electrons, we\u0026#8217;ve created a catalyst that outperforms traditional materials by a factor of 200,\u0026#8221; said Binghai Yan.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-overcoming-slow-reaction-challenge\"\u003eOvercoming slow reaction challenge \u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eHydrogen\u003c/a\u003e is a versatile fuel that can be used in various applications, including transportation, power generation, and industrial processes. It offers a clean and sustainable alternative to greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, it can be stored and transported efficiently, making it a valuable solution for storing excess renewable energy. Therefore, the demand is expected to exponentially increase in the coming years. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWater splitting is a promising technique for producing clean hydrogen energy by breaking water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, this process is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe OER involves a complex series of electron transfer steps, which are inherently slow. This sluggishness majorly reduces the overall efficiency of water splitting, making it less cost-effective.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo overcome this challenge, researchers are actively exploring new ways to accelerate the process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn this new development, the researchers turned to these crystals with unique \u0026#8220;chiral\u0026#8221; structures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;These crystals are essentially quantum machines,\u0026#8221; said Dr. Xia Wang, lead researcher from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals possess a distinct left- or right-handed atomic arrangement, which allows them to interact with light and other chiral molecules in specific ways.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis manipulation helps to speed up the oxygen evolution reaction for successful water splitting.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Outboard\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/p3qhZaBOEoQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-enhances-the-process\"\u003eEnhances the process\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers designed topological chiral crystals, which were composed of various elements like rhodium, silicon, tin, and bismuth. This provides the crystals with a remarkable ability to manipulate the spin of electrons.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe unique quantum properties of these crystals allow electrons to move more efficiently toward the oxygen generation sites during the water-splitting process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis accelerated electron transfer significantly boosts the overall reaction rate, making it 200 times more efficient than traditional catalysts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We are aware that our catalysts still contain rare elements, however we are confident that based on our design scheme we will come up soon with highly efficient and also sustainable catalysts,” Yan added in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis discovery has the potential to advance the energy sector. With more efficient hydrogen production, it can power our homes, vehicles, and industries with clean, renewable energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eclean hydrogen\u003c/a\u003e production faces challenges like high costs and efficiency issues, but continued research and development promise to make it a crucial part of a clean energy future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01674-9\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNature Energy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a9:T525,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;By leveraging the unique spin properties of electrons, we\u0026#8217;ve created a catalyst that outperforms traditional materials by a factor of 200,\u0026#8221; said Binghai Yan.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-overcoming-slow-reaction-challenge\"\u003eOvercoming slow reaction challenge \u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eHydrogen\u003c/a\u003e is a versatile fuel that can be used in various applications, including transportation, power generation, and industrial processes. It offers a clean and sustainable alternative to greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, it can be stored and transported efficiently, making it a valuable solution for storing excess renewable energy. Therefore, the demand is expected to exponentially increase in the coming years. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWater splitting is a promising technique for producing clean hydrogen energy by breaking water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, this process is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe OER involves a complex series of electron transfer steps, which are inherently slow. This sluggishness majorly reduces the overall efficiency of water splitting, making it less cost-effective.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"aa:T62f,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo overcome this challenge, researchers are actively exploring new ways to accelerate the process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn this new development, the researchers turned to these crystals with unique \u0026#8220;chiral\u0026#8221; structures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;These crystals are essentially quantum machines,\u0026#8221; said Dr. Xia Wang, lead researcher from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals possess a distinct left- or right-handed atomic arrangement, which allows them to interact with light and other chiral molecules in specific ways.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis manipulation helps to speed up the oxygen evolution reaction for successful water splitting.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Outboard\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/p3qhZaBOEoQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-enhances-the-process\"\u003eEnhances the process\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers designed topological chiral crystals, which were composed of various elements like rhodium, silicon, tin, and bismuth. This provides the crystals with a remarkable ability to manipulate the spin of electrons.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ab:T49e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe unique quantum properties of these crystals allow electrons to move more efficiently toward the oxygen generation sites during the water-splitting process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis accelerated electron transfer significantly boosts the overall reaction rate, making it 200 times more efficient than traditional catalysts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We are aware that our catalysts still contain rare elements, however we are confident that based on our design scheme we will come up soon with highly efficient and also sustainable catalysts,” Yan added in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis discovery has the potential to advance the energy sector. With more efficient hydrogen production, it can power our homes, vehicles, and industries with clean, renewable energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eclean hydrogen\u003c/a\u003e production faces challenges like high costs and efficiency issues, but continued research and development promise to make it a crucial part of a clean energy future.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ac:T208d,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eeVinci microreactors to be used for new floating nuclear power plants\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Floating nuclear power plants will allow operators to deploy microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"eVinci microreactors to be used for new floating nuclear power plants\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Floating nuclear power plants will allow operators to deploy microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:10+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:18+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/core-power-nuclear.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Chris Young\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta 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content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:10+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ad:T1681,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company and CORE POWER have announced a cooperative agreement to jointly design and develop a floating nuclear power plant (FNPP). The companies will use Westinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci nuclear microreactor as the foundation for the FNPP. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Westinghouse, eVinci is capable of operating for eight years without refueling. That reliability, as well as the flexibility of shipping deployment, will make it a potent energy source.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFloating reactors have the potential to alter our relationship with nuclear power, as they provide a highly transportable source of cost-effective nuclear power. According to CORE POWER, this flexibility will be crucial for governments to reach their net zero goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-no-net-zero-without-nuclear\"\u003e\u0026#8220;No net zero without nuclear\u0026#8221;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFNPPs will allow operators to deploy nuclear microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved. They could also send more reactors as needed to areas where demand is high. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy operating offshore, these floating reactors are also safe from tsunamis, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. Thus, they can preemptively prevent nuclear disasters like the one seen \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-retrieves-melted-fuel-from-fukushima-reactor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ein Fukushima\u003c/a\u003e, Japan, following the 2012 earthquake and tsunami in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company claims its eVinci nuclear microreactor is perfectly suited to this type of transportability. It requires very little maintenance. What\u0026#8217;s more, it can operate for up to eight years at full capacity without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the agreement, Westinghouse Electric Company will also utilize its proprietary heat pipe technology. This technology improves reliability and enables a non-pressurized method for passively transferring heat from the nuclear core to a power conversion system. This removes the need for water cooling and complex systems. CORE POWER will bring its expertise with floating power plant solutions to the table.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“There’s no net zero without nuclear,\u0026#8221; Mikal Bøe, CEO of CORE POWER explained in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress statement\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;A long series of identical turnkey power plants using multiple installations of the Westinghouse eVinci microreactor delivered by sea, creates a real opportunity to scale nuclear as the perfect solution to meet the rapidly growing demand for clean, flexible and reliable electricity delivered on time and on budget.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;Our unique partnership with Westinghouse is a game changer for how customers buy nuclear energy,” he continued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=361\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-evinci-microreactor\"\u003eThe eVinci microreactor\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci microreactor essentially works as a battery, the company says. It is fully assembled in the factory and can be easily shipped in a container. The machine has very few moving parts and can be used for power systems ranging from just a few kilowatts to five megawatts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eeVinvi is also capable of producing high-temperature heat for industrial applications, including the production of hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“With this groundbreaking agreement, we will demonstrate the viability of the eVinci technology for innovative use cases where power is needed in remote locations or in areas with land limitations,” said Jon Ball, President of eVinci Technologies at Westinghouse. “We look forward to our partnership with CORE POWER, bringing the unique advantages of eVinci microreactors to maritime and coastal applications, potentially even paving the way for future disaster relief efforts.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company has a strong track record, having supplied the world’s first commercial pressurized water reactor in 1957. The firm also says its technology forms the basis for almost half of all operating nuclear plants worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September, the company \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eannounced\u003c/a\u003e it had successfully completed the Front-End Engineering and Experimenting Design (FEEED) phase of the eVinci microreactor. That milestone paves the way for testing of a 5MW microreactor within two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMany believe nuclear energy will be crucial to bridge the gap as government\u0026#8217;s worldwide scale their renewable energy infrastructure. As such, other firms like the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eUS\u0026#8217;s Seaborg\u003c/a\u003e, are also looking to build large fleets of floating reactors to provide the energy we need to move away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ae:T4f3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFloating reactors have the potential to alter our relationship with nuclear power, as they provide a highly transportable source of cost-effective nuclear power. According to CORE POWER, this flexibility will be crucial for governments to reach their net zero goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-no-net-zero-without-nuclear\"\u003e\u0026#8220;No net zero without nuclear\u0026#8221;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFNPPs will allow operators to deploy nuclear microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved. They could also send more reactors as needed to areas where demand is high. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy operating offshore, these floating reactors are also safe from tsunamis, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. Thus, they can preemptively prevent nuclear disasters like the one seen \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-retrieves-melted-fuel-from-fukushima-reactor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ein Fukushima\u003c/a\u003e, Japan, following the 2012 earthquake and tsunami in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company claims its eVinci nuclear microreactor is perfectly suited to this type of transportability. It requires very little maintenance. What\u0026#8217;s more, it can operate for up to eight years at full capacity without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"af:T456,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the agreement, Westinghouse Electric Company will also utilize its proprietary heat pipe technology. This technology improves reliability and enables a non-pressurized method for passively transferring heat from the nuclear core to a power conversion system. This removes the need for water cooling and complex systems. CORE POWER will bring its expertise with floating power plant solutions to the table.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“There’s no net zero without nuclear,\u0026#8221; Mikal Bøe, CEO of CORE POWER explained in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress statement\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;A long series of identical turnkey power plants using multiple installations of the Westinghouse eVinci microreactor delivered by sea, creates a real opportunity to scale nuclear as the perfect solution to meet the rapidly growing demand for clean, flexible and reliable electricity delivered on time and on budget.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b0:T6e1,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;Our unique partnership with Westinghouse is a game changer for how customers buy nuclear energy,” he continued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=361\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-evinci-microreactor\"\u003eThe eVinci microreactor\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci microreactor essentially works as a battery, the company says. It is fully assembled in the factory and can be easily shipped in a container. The machine has very few moving parts and can be used for power systems ranging from just a few kilowatts to five megawatts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eeVinvi is also capable of producing high-temperature heat for industrial applications, including the production of hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“With this groundbreaking agreement, we will demonstrate the viability of the eVinci technology for innovative use cases where power is needed in remote locations or in areas with land limitations,” said Jon Ball, President of eVinci Technologies at Westinghouse. “We look forward to our partnership with CORE POWER, bringing the unique advantages of eVinci microreactors to maritime and coastal applications, potentially even paving the way for future disaster relief efforts.”\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b1:T46c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company has a strong track record, having supplied the world’s first commercial pressurized water reactor in 1957. The firm also says its technology forms the basis for almost half of all operating nuclear plants worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September, the company \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eannounced\u003c/a\u003e it had successfully completed the Front-End Engineering and Experimenting Design (FEEED) phase of the eVinci microreactor. That milestone paves the way for testing of a 5MW microreactor within two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMany believe nuclear energy will be crucial to bridge the gap as government\u0026#8217;s worldwide scale their renewable energy infrastructure. As such, other firms like the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eUS\u0026#8217;s Seaborg\u003c/a\u003e, are also looking to build large fleets of floating reactors to provide the energy we need to move away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b2:T1c78,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eEV game-changer: Next-gen Blade battery from BYD to launch in 2025\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Cao Shuang revealed that BYD is planning to release the next generation of Blade batteries for EVs in 2025.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/byd-blade-battery-second-gen-unveiling\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"EV game-changer: Next-gen Blade battery from BYD to launch in 2025\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cao Shuang revealed that BYD is planning to release the next generation of Blade batteries for EVs in 2025.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/byd-blade-battery-second-gen-unveiling\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:05:49+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:05:57+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-97.png\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 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Conference (COP29).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eShuang revealed that the company is planning to release the next generation of Blade batteries for EVs in 2025, as per him the new model is expected to offer an extended lifespan, alongside enhancing the driving range of the EVs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt is expected that the second-generation Blade battery will build on the less bulky first model lithium-iron-phosphate battery the company had launched in 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe first model Blade battery had reportedly been considered safer, and non-flammable as compared to the other offerings in the market for powering EVs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eWhat makes BYD’s Blade batteries better?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBYD \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/byd-says-it-will-launch-new-generation-blade-batteries-next-year-2024-11-25/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003estates\u003c/a\u003e that its Blade battery uses Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP), which has undergone testing through the nail penetration method.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the nail penetration test, a nail is driven through the center of the battery cell until it penetrates to the other side, causing a short circuit inside the battery cell.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBYD had \u003ca href=\"https://www.bydbdautogroup.com/en/byd-blade-battery-en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eearlier reported\u003c/a\u003e that its Blade battery had demonstrated higher safety standards in the test as compared to Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide and Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts design resembles that of a blade, making it thinner and longer than conventional batteries. This design enables Blade batteries to dissipate heat more quickly than typical rectangular cell batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the event of a short circuit within a cell, it does not affect other cells, thus preventing continuous electrical short circuits, as per the company.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the biggest advantages of the Blade battery is that it is designed using cell-to-pack technology (CTP). It means each cell can be directly packed without the need for module packing, allowing for more cells to be added.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, it can also enhance the structural strength of the EVs by serving as a reinforcement material for their frames.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-additional-benefits\"\u003eAdditional benefits\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe company also states that the Blade batteries have lower production costs compared to NMC (Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide) battery.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts decomposition temperature is around 518 degree Fahrenheit (270 degree Celsius) as compared to the NMC’s 410 degree Fahrenheit (210 degree Celsius) and NCA’s 302 degree Fahrenheit (150 degree Celsius).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe higher decomposition temperature makes it safer for use. Moreover, once damaged the LFP Blade battery releases less heat \u0026#8211; approximately 200 J/g, whereas NMC and NCA batteries can release up to 600 and 900 J/g of heat, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA report by South Korean publication \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2024-11-25/business/industry/BYD-confident-it-can-extinguish-Koreas-EV-fire-fears-with-Blade-battery/2185662\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKorea JoongAng Daily\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e mentions that BYD is pitching Blade \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/apple-byd-long-range-ev-battery-success\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ebatteries\u003c/a\u003e as a viable alternative for powering EVs in the Asian country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe report states the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/uber-partners-byd-evs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eChinese\u003c/a\u003e manufacturer is presenting it as a safe option to help curtail the fear in the minds of the consumers which resulted from a number of EV battery fires reported in the country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe company is planning its official debut in the Korean market in January 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b4:T5e5,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt is expected that the second-generation Blade battery will build on the less bulky first model lithium-iron-phosphate battery the company had launched in 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe first model Blade battery had reportedly been considered safer, and non-flammable as compared to the other offerings in the market for powering EVs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eWhat makes BYD’s Blade batteries better?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBYD \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/byd-says-it-will-launch-new-generation-blade-batteries-next-year-2024-11-25/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003estates\u003c/a\u003e that its Blade battery uses Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP), which has undergone testing through the nail penetration method.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the nail penetration test, a nail is driven through the center of the battery cell until it penetrates to the other side, causing a short circuit inside the battery cell.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBYD had \u003ca href=\"https://www.bydbdautogroup.com/en/byd-blade-battery-en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eearlier reported\u003c/a\u003e that its Blade battery had demonstrated higher safety standards in the test as compared to Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide and Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts design resembles that of a blade, making it thinner and longer than conventional batteries. This design enables Blade batteries to dissipate heat more quickly than typical rectangular cell batteries.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b5:T4c4,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe higher decomposition temperature makes it safer for use. Moreover, once damaged the LFP Blade battery releases less heat \u0026#8211; approximately 200 J/g, whereas NMC and NCA batteries can release up to 600 and 900 J/g of heat, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eA report by South Korean publication \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2024-11-25/business/industry/BYD-confident-it-can-extinguish-Koreas-EV-fire-fears-with-Blade-battery/2185662\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKorea JoongAng Daily\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e mentions that BYD is pitching Blade \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/apple-byd-long-range-ev-battery-success\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ebatteries\u003c/a\u003e as a viable alternative for powering EVs in the Asian country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe report states the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/uber-partners-byd-evs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eChinese\u003c/a\u003e manufacturer is presenting it as a safe option to help curtail the fear in the minds of the consumers which resulted from a number of EV battery fires reported in the country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe company is planning its official debut in the Korean market in January 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b6:T200e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eChina unveils hacker-proof microcomputer to boost cybersecurity\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"China’s Purple Mountain Laboratories has unveiled a new high-tech “microcomputer” - called ESC0830 - at the Nanjing conference.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"China unveils hacker-proof microcomputer to boost cybersecurity\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"China’s Purple Mountain Laboratories has unveiled a new high-tech “microcomputer” - called ESC0830 - at the Nanjing conference.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:52:25+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-27T08:17:17+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-98.png?w=1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/696f755f1eed421bdfd49e34e42a53ae\"},\"headline\":\"China’s US quarter-sized microcomputer has 3 cores to counter hackers\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T13:52:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-27T08:17:17+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\"},\"wordCount\":540,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-98.png\",\"caption\":\"Representational image of a US quarter dollar coin alongside a chip.\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-98.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Inventions and Machines\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Innovation\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2024\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\",\"name\":\"China unveils hacker-proof microcomputer to boost cybersecurity\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-98.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T13:52:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-27T08:17:17+00:00\",\"description\":\"China’s Purple Mountain Laboratories has unveiled a new high-tech “microcomputer” - 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It\u0026#8217;s a state-of-the-art security device, engineered to resist advanced cyber threats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post (SCMP)\u003c/em\u003e reported that this “self-contained microcomputer” is 100 times more robust than standard ones to hackers.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eReportedly, the lab recently showcased its hacker-proof microcontroller unit (MCU) dubbed ESC0830 at the Nanjing conference.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMCUs are single, versatile chips that automate tasks in many industries. Advanced MCUs are used in critical systems and offer robust security in industrial control and financial payment systems.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-microcomputer-s-triple-core-architecture\"\u003eMicrocomputer\u0026#8217;s triple core architecture\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, this newly introduced MCU \u0026#8211; ESC0830 \u0026#8211; is roughly the size of a US quarter. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith its triple-core (processing units) architecture, it can continue functioning even if one core is compromised. It\u0026#8217;s like having a backup plan for the digital world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ensures that the device remains operational and secure, even in the face of a cyber attack.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This development marks the end of an era of vulnerable MCUs,” Wu Jiangxing, project lead, and the lab’s chief scientist told \u003cem\u003eScience and Technology Daily.\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe developers state that the new MCU is also compatible with existing systems and devices. It can be directly substituted for older, less secure MCUs without requiring any modifications to the surrounding circuitry. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis compatibility significantly reduces the cost and complexity of upgrading devices, making it a more attractive option for businesses, according to the developers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"💻 How Are Microchips Made?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/g8Qav3vIv9s?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cost-effective-security-solution\"\u003eCost-effective security solution\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMCUs are the brains behind many household appliances. They\u0026#8217;re small, efficient computers on a single chip that control various functions within devices like washing machines, and televisions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/new-microchip-material-is-10-times-stronger-than-kevlar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003emicrochips\u003c/a\u003e are designed to be energy-efficient, consuming minimal power while performing their tasks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September 2024, a series of explosions occurred in Lebanon, targeting members of the Hezbollah group.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e \u003c/sup\u003eThese explosions were triggered by detonated pagers and walkie-talkies, the \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3288218/how-chinese-lab-aims-keep-data-hackers-bay-new-mcu-design\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSCMP\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e reported. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eThis incident highlighted a concerning vulnerability: the potential for everyday electronic devices to be exploited for malicious purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eBBC\u003c/em\u003e reported that hackers might have remotely exploited the devices\u0026#8217; MCUs to trigger explosions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt raised questions about the security of embedded systems and the need for robust security measures, even in seemingly simple devices.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe new MCU could offer a cost-effective security solution.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe applications of this technology are endless. From the smartphones in our pockets to the infrastructure that powers our cities, this microchip can safeguard it all. This is a major step toward a more secure digital world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt took two years for the Purple Mountain Laboratories to develop this high-tech MCU.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFounded in 2018, the government lab is at the forefront of network security research, collaborating with industry leaders.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe MCU project is a national initiative led by State Grid.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b8:T425,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post (SCMP)\u003c/em\u003e reported that this “self-contained microcomputer” is 100 times more robust than standard ones to hackers.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eReportedly, the lab recently showcased its hacker-proof microcontroller unit (MCU) dubbed ESC0830 at the Nanjing conference.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMCUs are single, versatile chips that automate tasks in many industries. Advanced MCUs are used in critical systems and offer robust security in industrial control and financial payment systems.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-microcomputer-s-triple-core-architecture\"\u003eMicrocomputer\u0026#8217;s triple core architecture\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, this newly introduced MCU \u0026#8211; ESC0830 \u0026#8211; is roughly the size of a US quarter. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith its triple-core (processing units) architecture, it can continue functioning even if one core is compromised. It\u0026#8217;s like having a backup plan for the digital world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ensures that the device remains operational and secure, even in the face of a cyber attack.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b9:T6b6,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This development marks the end of an era of vulnerable MCUs,” Wu Jiangxing, project lead, and the lab’s chief scientist told \u003cem\u003eScience and Technology Daily.\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe developers state that the new MCU is also compatible with existing systems and devices. It can be directly substituted for older, less secure MCUs without requiring any modifications to the surrounding circuitry. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis compatibility significantly reduces the cost and complexity of upgrading devices, making it a more attractive option for businesses, according to the developers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"💻 How Are Microchips Made?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/g8Qav3vIv9s?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cost-effective-security-solution\"\u003eCost-effective security solution\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMCUs are the brains behind many household appliances. They\u0026#8217;re small, efficient computers on a single chip that control various functions within devices like washing machines, and televisions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/new-microchip-material-is-10-times-stronger-than-kevlar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003emicrochips\u003c/a\u003e are designed to be energy-efficient, consuming minimal power while performing their tasks.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ba:T4a0,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September 2024, a series of explosions occurred in Lebanon, targeting members of the Hezbollah group.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e \u003c/sup\u003eThese explosions were triggered by detonated pagers and walkie-talkies, the \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3288218/how-chinese-lab-aims-keep-data-hackers-bay-new-mcu-design\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSCMP\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e reported. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eThis incident highlighted a concerning vulnerability: the potential for everyday electronic devices to be exploited for malicious purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eBBC\u003c/em\u003e reported that hackers might have remotely exploited the devices\u0026#8217; MCUs to trigger explosions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt raised questions about the security of embedded systems and the need for robust security measures, even in seemingly simple devices.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe new MCU could offer a cost-effective security solution.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe applications of this technology are endless. From the smartphones in our pockets to the infrastructure that powers our cities, this microchip can safeguard it all. This is a major step toward a more secure digital world.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"bb:T1f3c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eScientists use sunlight to break the toughest plastic to recycle\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Instead of external compounds, the researchers used carbon black, already embedded in black polystyrene, as the heat-converting agent.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/scientists-use-sunlight-to-convert-plastic-waste\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Scientists use sunlight to break the toughest plastic to recycle\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Instead of external compounds, the researchers used carbon black, already embedded in black polystyrene, as the heat-converting agent.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/scientists-use-sunlight-to-convert-plastic-waste\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:24:21+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:24:30+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T180140.110.jpg\" 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content=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/e5EEAH773uw\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:type\" content=\"text/html\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:duration\" content=\"547\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:width\" content=\"480\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:video:height\" content=\"270\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:adult\" content=\"false\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:upload_date\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:24:21+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"bc:T14e3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eBlack polystyrene, widely used in food containers, coffee lids, and packaging, is notoriously hard to recycle. Its dark color, achieved with carbon black pigment, thwarts optical scanners used in recycling plants, and the pigment complicates conventional recycling methods. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNow, scientists from Cornell and Princeton universities have developed a groundbreaking method that uses sunlight and carbon black itself to transform this challenging waste into reusable materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Simple, visible light irradiation holds the potential to transform the chemical recycling of plastics, using the additives already found in many commercial products,” say the paper’s authors, Sewon Oh, Hanning Jiang and Erin Stache.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-challenge-with-black-polystyrene\"\u003eThe challenge with black polystyrene\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile bans on single-use plastics are increasing, black polystyrene remains prevalent. Its recycling challenges stem from two major issues—sorting difficulties and an energy-intensive breakdown. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOptical scanners, crucial for sorting plastics in \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastic-waste-turned-into-valuable-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003erecycling\u003c/a\u003e facilities, cannot detect black polystyrene because it absorbs light instead of reflecting it. This makes automated identification and sorting nearly impossible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionaly, breaking polystyrene’s molecular bonds traditionally requires heating it to over 572°F (300°C) in oxygen-free chambers. This process is costly and inefficient, making it unsuitable for large-scale recycling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne promising alternative, photothermal conversion, uses light to heat plastics through a helper compound that converts light into localized heat. However, the inclusion of these compounds raises concerns about generating additional waste or altering the properties of the plastic during its initial use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-new-approach-using-carbon-black\"\u003eA new approach using carbon black\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInstead of introducing external compounds, the researchers leveraged carbon black, already embedded in black polystyrene, as the heat-converting agent. This approach eliminates the need for additional additives while utilizing a component that was previously considered an obstacle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn their experiments, the team ground lab-made black polystyrene into a fine powder and placed it under high-intensity white LED lights. The carbon black absorbed the light, generating localized heat that broke the polystyrene into smaller molecules known as styrenes. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese styrenes, along with the remaining carbon black, were then recycled into new polystyrene, achieving a closed-loop process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhen tested with consumer waste like food containers and lids, the results were promising. Up to 53% of the material was converted back into styrene. With concentrated sunlight, efficiency soared to 80%. Even mixed waste with black, yellow, red, and clear polystyrene converted at a 67% efficiency in sunlight, thanks to carbon black’s heat-conversion properties.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-step-towards-sustainable-plastic-recycling\"\u003eA step towards sustainable plastic recycling\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis method’s reliance on sunlight and existing materials makes it both cost-effective and sustainable. Concentrated sunlight offers the highest efficiency, making the process adaptable to regions with abundant \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/artificial-sun-nuclear-fusion-new-method\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esunlight\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEven with contamination from substances like canola oil or orange juice, the method showed minimal efficiency loss, demonstrating its robustness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy addressing both the sorting and energy challenges of black \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/green-hydrogen-from-plastic-waste\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003epolystyrene recycling\u003c/a\u003e, this innovation represents a significant step toward reducing landfill waste. Additionally, it could pave the way for recycling other hard-to-process colored plastics, moving closer to a circular economy for plastic use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs environmental regulations on single-use \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastics-turned-into-graphene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eplastics\u003c/a\u003e tighten, solutions like this could become crucial for managing plastic waste.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe study was recently published in \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2024/november/using-sunlight-to-recycle-black-plastics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eACS Central Science\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Waste Plastic is Converted into Fuel\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/e5EEAH773uw?start=54\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"bd:T49a,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Simple, visible light irradiation holds the potential to transform the chemical recycling of plastics, using the additives already found in many commercial products,” say the paper’s authors, Sewon Oh, Hanning Jiang and Erin Stache.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-challenge-with-black-polystyrene\"\u003eThe challenge with black polystyrene\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhile bans on single-use plastics are increasing, black polystyrene remains prevalent. Its recycling challenges stem from two major issues—sorting difficulties and an energy-intensive breakdown. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOptical scanners, crucial for sorting plastics in \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastic-waste-turned-into-valuable-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003erecycling\u003c/a\u003e facilities, cannot detect black polystyrene because it absorbs light instead of reflecting it. This makes automated identification and sorting nearly impossible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionaly, breaking polystyrene’s molecular bonds traditionally requires heating it to over 572°F (300°C) in oxygen-free chambers. This process is costly and inefficient, making it unsuitable for large-scale recycling.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"be:T491,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese styrenes, along with the remaining carbon black, were then recycled into new polystyrene, achieving a closed-loop process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhen tested with consumer waste like food containers and lids, the results were promising. Up to 53% of the material was converted back into styrene. With concentrated sunlight, efficiency soared to 80%. Even mixed waste with black, yellow, red, and clear polystyrene converted at a 67% efficiency in sunlight, thanks to carbon black’s heat-conversion properties.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-step-towards-sustainable-plastic-recycling\"\u003eA step towards sustainable plastic recycling\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis method’s reliance on sunlight and existing materials makes it both cost-effective and sustainable. Concentrated sunlight offers the highest efficiency, making the process adaptable to regions with abundant \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/artificial-sun-nuclear-fusion-new-method\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esunlight\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEven with contamination from substances like canola oil or orange juice, the method showed minimal efficiency loss, demonstrating its robustness.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"bf:T5e5,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy addressing both the sorting and energy challenges of black \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/green-hydrogen-from-plastic-waste\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003epolystyrene recycling\u003c/a\u003e, this innovation represents a significant step toward reducing landfill waste. Additionally, it could pave the way for recycling other hard-to-process colored plastics, moving closer to a circular economy for plastic use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs environmental regulations on single-use \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastics-turned-into-graphene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eplastics\u003c/a\u003e tighten, solutions like this could become crucial for managing plastic waste.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe study was recently published in \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2024/november/using-sunlight-to-recycle-black-plastics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eACS Central Science\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Waste Plastic is Converted into Fuel\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/e5EEAH773uw?start=54\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"c0:T2018,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eMercedes\u0026#039; new brakes to improve EV performance, reduce brake dust\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Mercedes unveils In-Drive Brakes, an EV system integrating brakes into the motor for better efficiency, cleaner streets, and improved aerodynamics.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mercedes\u0026#039; new brakes to improve EV performance, reduce brake dust\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mercedes unveils In-Drive Brakes, an EV system integrating brakes into the motor for better efficiency, cleaner streets, and improved aerodynamics.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:06:56+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T13:07:03+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T155712.838.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Jijo Malayil\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jijo Malayil\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jijo Malayil\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/a3eddb9abcff4bb68deb73b9ddcaa0b5\"},\"headline\":\"Mercedes unleashes new EV braking system to push electric power and performance\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T13:06:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T13:07:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\"},\"wordCount\":573,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T155712.838.jpg\",\"caption\":\"There is no traditional caliper; 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Positioned where the half-shafts connect, the innovative design integrates the brakes directly into the motor assembly.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Mercedes system replaces calipers with a circular brake pad mounted on the electric motor\u0026#8217;s output shaft. The pad presses against a stationary, water-cooled ring within a sealed enclosure.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhile the prototype demonstrates this approach on the rear axle, it has the potential to function on both the front and rear axles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAccording to Mercedes, the innovation offers better ride quality, cleaner streets by containing brake dust, and streamlined wheel designs for improved aerodynamics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-integrated-brake-innovation\"\u003eIntegrated brake innovation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEVs rely on regenerative braking for 98 percent of their deceleration needs, but friction brakes are still essential for the remaining 2 percent, especially during critical high-demand stops.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA complete emergency stop may need up to 2200 kW of power, but regenerative braking usually provides up to 290 kW. However, because friction brakes are rarely used, their rotors typically rust, which results in brake dust, noise, and decreased efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World\u0026#039;s First Electric Road: Charging EVs While Driving\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/FI_FrKb2dZY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMercedes is creating an inventive remedy known as In-Drive Brakes to address these problems. This concept relocates the brakes from the wheels to inside the electric drive motor, near the half-shafts connecting to the wheels. Currently demonstrated on the rear axle, the system could potentially work on both axles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn contrast to traditional disc brakes, the In-Drive Brakes function similarly to a clutch system in manual gearboxes. For EVs, a cleaner, more integrated, and more effective braking solution is provided by a rotating disc that is fixed to the half-shaft.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-effortless-ev-braking\"\u003eEffortless EV braking\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe proposed braking system replaces conventional disc brakes with a design resembling a manual transmission clutch. It features a rotating disc, integrated with the half-shaft of each wheel, coated with \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/discovery-law-of-friction-minimizes-energy-loss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efriction\u003c/a\u003e material near its edges. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTwo fixed, non-rotating flywheel-like plates flank this disc, with an annular hydraulic cylinder compressing the assembly. This causes the friction disc to drag against the fixed plates, slowing the vehicle.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTo disperse heat produced during braking, the system has liquid-cooled fixed plates that are completely contained in housings at the motor\u0026#8217;s ends. Each brake housing incorporates a sump to collect brake dust, ensuring brakes that endure the car\u0026#8217;s lifespan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Mercedes, by removing the requirement for cooling air passages, this enclosed design guarantees silent operation maintains clean wheels, lowers unsprung weight, and provides design flexibility for wheels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"We Don\u0026#039;t Have Enough Power for EVs\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/-bVjC7bSTw0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea works well with front-motor configurations or even cars without motors, which makes it more appealing for \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/battery-80-charge-15-minutes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eEVs\u003c/a\u003e if the price is comparable to that of conventional brakes. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe system complements the cutting-edge technology of the Mercedes Future Technology Lab and is quiet, effective, and low-maintenance. We\u0026#8217;re excited to see this innovative method used in the next car models since it has the potential to revolutionize braking systems completely.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMercedes claims the In-Drive \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/a-team-of-mechanics-built-a-how-to-air-brake-for-a-lada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eBrake\u003c/a\u003e system is designed to last the vehicle\u0026#8217;s lifetime without requiring servicing, potentially saving owners thousands in brake repairs and replacements. Brake dust is collected in a sealed compartment that never needs emptying.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"c2:T6b7,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-integrated-brake-innovation\"\u003eIntegrated brake innovation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEVs rely on regenerative braking for 98 percent of their deceleration needs, but friction brakes are still essential for the remaining 2 percent, especially during critical high-demand stops.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA complete emergency stop may need up to 2200 kW of power, but regenerative braking usually provides up to 290 kW. However, because friction brakes are rarely used, their rotors typically rust, which results in brake dust, noise, and decreased efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World\u0026#039;s First Electric Road: Charging EVs While Driving\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/FI_FrKb2dZY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMercedes is creating an inventive remedy known as In-Drive Brakes to address these problems. This concept relocates the brakes from the wheels to inside the electric drive motor, near the half-shafts connecting to the wheels. Currently demonstrated on the rear axle, the system could potentially work on both axles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn contrast to traditional disc brakes, the In-Drive Brakes function similarly to a clutch system in manual gearboxes. For EVs, a cleaner, more integrated, and more effective braking solution is provided by a rotating disc that is fixed to the half-shaft.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"c3:T4ad,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-effortless-ev-braking\"\u003eEffortless EV braking\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe proposed braking system replaces conventional disc brakes with a design resembling a manual transmission clutch. It features a rotating disc, integrated with the half-shaft of each wheel, coated with \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/discovery-law-of-friction-minimizes-energy-loss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efriction\u003c/a\u003e material near its edges. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTwo fixed, non-rotating flywheel-like plates flank this disc, with an annular hydraulic cylinder compressing the assembly. This causes the friction disc to drag against the fixed plates, slowing the vehicle.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTo disperse heat produced during braking, the system has liquid-cooled fixed plates that are completely contained in housings at the motor\u0026#8217;s ends. Each brake housing incorporates a sump to collect brake dust, ensuring brakes that endure the car\u0026#8217;s lifespan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Mercedes, by removing the requirement for cooling air passages, this enclosed design guarantees silent operation maintains clean wheels, lowers unsprung weight, and provides design flexibility for wheels.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"c4:T61e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"We Don\u0026#039;t Have Enough Power for EVs\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/-bVjC7bSTw0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea works well with front-motor configurations or even cars without motors, which makes it more appealing for \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/battery-80-charge-15-minutes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eEVs\u003c/a\u003e if the price is comparable to that of conventional brakes. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe system complements the cutting-edge technology of the Mercedes Future Technology Lab and is quiet, effective, and low-maintenance. We\u0026#8217;re excited to see this innovative method used in the next car models since it has the potential to revolutionize braking systems completely.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMercedes claims the In-Drive \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/a-team-of-mechanics-built-a-how-to-air-brake-for-a-lada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eBrake\u003c/a\u003e system is designed to last the vehicle\u0026#8217;s lifetime without requiring servicing, potentially saving owners thousands in brake repairs and replacements. Brake dust is collected in a sealed compartment that never needs emptying.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"c5:T1cbb,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eUltra-fast charging lithium battery boosts EV, electric aircraft range\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Using chemical component of betadine, researchers at Monash University have improved charging rates and power density of the lithium-sulfur battery.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ultra-fast charging lithium battery boosts EV, electric aircraft range\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Using chemical component of betadine, researchers at Monash University have improved charging rates and power density of the lithium-sulfur battery.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-27T11:11:30+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-27T11:11:37+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ameya Paleja\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/228699245718b47295471284aabc21c5\"},\"headline\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-27T11:11:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-27T11:11:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\"},\"wordCount\":542,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Representational stock image of an air taxi. \"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; 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The newly developed batteries deliver twice the energy density of a conventional lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, according to a university press release.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInvented in the 1980s, lithium-ion batteries are now the mainstay of energy storage for small electronic devices or large electric vehicles. Even renewable energy storage banks on lithium-ion batteries due to their superior energy density and storage capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLithium-sulfur batteries might be in the news now, but they were actually invented two decades before their Li-ion counterparts. However, the limitations of internal chemistries have resulted in Li-S batteries taking a back seat in their development, which is slowly being addressed.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-improving-li-s-batteries\"\u003eImproving Li-S batteries\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the shortcomings of the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/fist-lithium-sulfur-battery-gigafactory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eLi-S battery\u003c/a\u003e are reduced power delivery and fewer charge cycles. This is primarily due to the anode and cathode materials used in the battery. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSince sulfur serves as the cathode and lithium-ion as the anode, lithium is not re-deposited on the anode during the recharging process. Instead, the resulting chemical deposits degrade the anode and the electrolyte, slowing down recharging times and power output.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInspired by the chemistry of betadine, a commonly used antiseptic, researchers at Monash University found a way to improve the charge and discharge rates of Li-S batteries. The antiseptic contains polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a synthetic polymer that can react with other molecules to form compounds with different properties.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing PVP as a catalyst in Li-S batteries accelerates chemical reactions, facilitating faster charge and discharge rates.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123481\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg 1920w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eLithium-sulfur batteries could deliver flying taxis where lithium-ion batteries have fallen short so far. Image credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/conceptual-evtol-aircrafts-as-a-taxi-shuttle-service-at-the-helipad-on-top-of-a-gm1394967815-450245371?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eadventtr/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eBetter, safer, greener\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our catalyst has significantly enhanced the C-rate performance of Li-S batteries, demonstrated in early proof-of-concept prototype cells,” said\u0026nbsp; Mainak Majumder, professor at Monash University, who led the research. “With commercial scaling and larger cell production, this technology could deliver energy densities up to 400 Wh/kg.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn comparison, Li-ion batteries have an energy density of 150 \u0026#8211; 235 Wh/ kg. The higher energy density of the Li-S battery can propel electric vehicles for another 600 miles (1,000 km), helping to transition to electrified transport.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhat makes \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/solid-state-lithium-batteries-cathode-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eLi-S batteries\u003c/a\u003e even special is that they can also achieve quick discharge rates. “This makes it well-suited for applications requiring dynamic performance, such as aviation, where batteries must handle high C-rates during take-off and efficiently switch to low C-rates during cruising,” added Majumber in the press release. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNot only does the addition of the catalyst reduce charging times, but it also makes the batteries safer, as they were previously prone to short circuits and fires. Li-S batteries are also environmentally more sustainable since they do not require cobalt, whose extraction is an energy-intensive process. Sulfur is widely available and inexpensive.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Imagine an electric vehicle that can travel from Melbourne to Sydney on a single charge or a smartphone that charges in minutes — we’re on the cusp of making this a reality,” added Petar Jovanović, a research fellow at Monash University and co-lead author of the paper which published the research findings in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202403092\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAdvanced Engineering Materials\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"c7:T539,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLithium-sulfur batteries might be in the news now, but they were actually invented two decades before their Li-ion counterparts. However, the limitations of internal chemistries have resulted in Li-S batteries taking a back seat in their development, which is slowly being addressed.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-improving-li-s-batteries\"\u003eImproving Li-S batteries\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the shortcomings of the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/fist-lithium-sulfur-battery-gigafactory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eLi-S battery\u003c/a\u003e are reduced power delivery and fewer charge cycles. This is primarily due to the anode and cathode materials used in the battery. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSince sulfur serves as the cathode and lithium-ion as the anode, lithium is not re-deposited on the anode during the recharging process. Instead, the resulting chemical deposits degrade the anode and the electrolyte, slowing down recharging times and power output.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eInspired by the chemistry of betadine, a commonly used antiseptic, researchers at Monash University found a way to improve the charge and discharge rates of Li-S batteries. The antiseptic contains polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a synthetic polymer that can react with other molecules to form compounds with different properties.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"c8:T934,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing PVP as a catalyst in Li-S batteries accelerates chemical reactions, facilitating faster charge and discharge rates.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123481\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg 1920w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eLithium-sulfur batteries could deliver flying taxis where lithium-ion batteries have fallen short so far. Image credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/conceptual-evtol-aircrafts-as-a-taxi-shuttle-service-at-the-helipad-on-top-of-a-gm1394967815-450245371?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eadventtr/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eBetter, safer, greener\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our catalyst has significantly enhanced the C-rate performance of Li-S batteries, demonstrated in early proof-of-concept prototype cells,” said\u0026nbsp; Mainak Majumder, professor at Monash University, who led the research. “With commercial scaling and larger cell production, this technology could deliver energy densities up to 400 Wh/kg.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn comparison, Li-ion batteries have an energy density of 150 \u0026#8211; 235 Wh/ kg. The higher energy density of the Li-S battery can propel electric vehicles for another 600 miles (1,000 km), helping to transition to electrified transport.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhat makes \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/solid-state-lithium-batteries-cathode-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eLi-S batteries\u003c/a\u003e even special is that they can also achieve quick discharge rates. “This makes it well-suited for applications requiring dynamic performance, such as aviation, where batteries must handle high C-rates during take-off and efficiently switch to low C-rates during cruising,” added Majumber in the press release. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"c9:T1f49,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eSpin-powered crystals could boost hydrogen production 200 times\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"These crystals can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spin-powered crystals could boost hydrogen production 200 times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"These crystals can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:14:23+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:14:30+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_448eae.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" 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/\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ca:T12fb,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen is increasingly seen as an important element in the transition to a low-carbon future. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNow, researchers have discovered a new approach to improve the efficiency of water splitting, a process that produces clean hydrogen fuel.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMax Planck Institute researchers used a special type of crystal called\u0026nbsp;topological chiral crystals.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals, with their unique chiral structure, possess extraordinary quantum properties. They can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;By leveraging the unique spin properties of electrons, we\u0026#8217;ve created a catalyst that outperforms traditional materials by a factor of 200,\u0026#8221; said Binghai Yan.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-overcoming-slow-reaction-challenge\"\u003eOvercoming slow reaction challenge \u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eHydrogen\u003c/a\u003e is a versatile fuel that can be used in various applications, including transportation, power generation, and industrial processes. It offers a clean and sustainable alternative to greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, it can be stored and transported efficiently, making it a valuable solution for storing excess renewable energy. Therefore, the demand is expected to exponentially increase in the coming years. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWater splitting is a promising technique for producing clean hydrogen energy by breaking water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, this process is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe OER involves a complex series of electron transfer steps, which are inherently slow. This sluggishness majorly reduces the overall efficiency of water splitting, making it less cost-effective.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo overcome this challenge, researchers are actively exploring new ways to accelerate the process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn this new development, the researchers turned to these crystals with unique \u0026#8220;chiral\u0026#8221; structures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;These crystals are essentially quantum machines,\u0026#8221; said Dr. Xia Wang, lead researcher from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals possess a distinct left- or right-handed atomic arrangement, which allows them to interact with light and other chiral molecules in specific ways.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis manipulation helps to speed up the oxygen evolution reaction for successful water splitting.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Outboard\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/p3qhZaBOEoQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-enhances-the-process\"\u003eEnhances the process\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers designed topological chiral crystals, which were composed of various elements like rhodium, silicon, tin, and bismuth. This provides the crystals with a remarkable ability to manipulate the spin of electrons.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe unique quantum properties of these crystals allow electrons to move more efficiently toward the oxygen generation sites during the water-splitting process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis accelerated electron transfer significantly boosts the overall reaction rate, making it 200 times more efficient than traditional catalysts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We are aware that our catalysts still contain rare elements, however we are confident that based on our design scheme we will come up soon with highly efficient and also sustainable catalysts,” Yan added in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis discovery has the potential to advance the energy sector. With more efficient hydrogen production, it can power our homes, vehicles, and industries with clean, renewable energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eclean hydrogen\u003c/a\u003e production faces challenges like high costs and efficiency issues, but continued research and development promise to make it a crucial part of a clean energy future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01674-9\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNature Energy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"cb:T525,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;By leveraging the unique spin properties of electrons, we\u0026#8217;ve created a catalyst that outperforms traditional materials by a factor of 200,\u0026#8221; said Binghai Yan.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-overcoming-slow-reaction-challenge\"\u003eOvercoming slow reaction challenge \u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eHydrogen\u003c/a\u003e is a versatile fuel that can be used in various applications, including transportation, power generation, and industrial processes. It offers a clean and sustainable alternative to greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, it can be stored and transported efficiently, making it a valuable solution for storing excess renewable energy. Therefore, the demand is expected to exponentially increase in the coming years. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWater splitting is a promising technique for producing clean hydrogen energy by breaking water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, this process is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe OER involves a complex series of electron transfer steps, which are inherently slow. This sluggishness majorly reduces the overall efficiency of water splitting, making it less cost-effective.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"cc:T62f,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo overcome this challenge, researchers are actively exploring new ways to accelerate the process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn this new development, the researchers turned to these crystals with unique \u0026#8220;chiral\u0026#8221; structures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;These crystals are essentially quantum machines,\u0026#8221; said Dr. Xia Wang, lead researcher from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals possess a distinct left- or right-handed atomic arrangement, which allows them to interact with light and other chiral molecules in specific ways.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis manipulation helps to speed up the oxygen evolution reaction for successful water splitting.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Outboard\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/p3qhZaBOEoQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-enhances-the-process\"\u003eEnhances the process\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers designed topological chiral crystals, which were composed of various elements like rhodium, silicon, tin, and bismuth. This provides the crystals with a remarkable ability to manipulate the spin of electrons.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"cd:T49e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe unique quantum properties of these crystals allow electrons to move more efficiently toward the oxygen generation sites during the water-splitting process.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis accelerated electron transfer significantly boosts the overall reaction rate, making it 200 times more efficient than traditional catalysts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“We are aware that our catalysts still contain rare elements, however we are confident that based on our design scheme we will come up soon with highly efficient and also sustainable catalysts,” Yan added in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis discovery has the potential to advance the energy sector. With more efficient hydrogen production, it can power our homes, vehicles, and industries with clean, renewable energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eclean hydrogen\u003c/a\u003e production faces challenges like high costs and efficiency issues, but continued research and development promise to make it a crucial part of a clean energy future.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ce:T208d,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eeVinci microreactors to be used for new floating nuclear power plants\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Floating nuclear power plants will allow operators to deploy microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved.\" 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property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:10+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:18+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/core-power-nuclear.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Chris Young\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta 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content=\"2024-11-26T14:07:10+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"cf:T1681,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company and CORE POWER have announced a cooperative agreement to jointly design and develop a floating nuclear power plant (FNPP). The companies will use Westinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci nuclear microreactor as the foundation for the FNPP. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Westinghouse, eVinci is capable of operating for eight years without refueling. That reliability, as well as the flexibility of shipping deployment, will make it a potent energy source.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFloating reactors have the potential to alter our relationship with nuclear power, as they provide a highly transportable source of cost-effective nuclear power. According to CORE POWER, this flexibility will be crucial for governments to reach their net zero goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-no-net-zero-without-nuclear\"\u003e\u0026#8220;No net zero without nuclear\u0026#8221;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFNPPs will allow operators to deploy nuclear microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved. They could also send more reactors as needed to areas where demand is high. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy operating offshore, these floating reactors are also safe from tsunamis, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. Thus, they can preemptively prevent nuclear disasters like the one seen \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-retrieves-melted-fuel-from-fukushima-reactor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ein Fukushima\u003c/a\u003e, Japan, following the 2012 earthquake and tsunami in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company claims its eVinci nuclear microreactor is perfectly suited to this type of transportability. It requires very little maintenance. What\u0026#8217;s more, it can operate for up to eight years at full capacity without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the agreement, Westinghouse Electric Company will also utilize its proprietary heat pipe technology. This technology improves reliability and enables a non-pressurized method for passively transferring heat from the nuclear core to a power conversion system. This removes the need for water cooling and complex systems. CORE POWER will bring its expertise with floating power plant solutions to the table.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“There’s no net zero without nuclear,\u0026#8221; Mikal Bøe, CEO of CORE POWER explained in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress statement\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;A long series of identical turnkey power plants using multiple installations of the Westinghouse eVinci microreactor delivered by sea, creates a real opportunity to scale nuclear as the perfect solution to meet the rapidly growing demand for clean, flexible and reliable electricity delivered on time and on budget.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;Our unique partnership with Westinghouse is a game changer for how customers buy nuclear energy,” he continued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=361\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-evinci-microreactor\"\u003eThe eVinci microreactor\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci microreactor essentially works as a battery, the company says. It is fully assembled in the factory and can be easily shipped in a container. The machine has very few moving parts and can be used for power systems ranging from just a few kilowatts to five megawatts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eeVinvi is also capable of producing high-temperature heat for industrial applications, including the production of hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“With this groundbreaking agreement, we will demonstrate the viability of the eVinci technology for innovative use cases where power is needed in remote locations or in areas with land limitations,” said Jon Ball, President of eVinci Technologies at Westinghouse. “We look forward to our partnership with CORE POWER, bringing the unique advantages of eVinci microreactors to maritime and coastal applications, potentially even paving the way for future disaster relief efforts.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company has a strong track record, having supplied the world’s first commercial pressurized water reactor in 1957. The firm also says its technology forms the basis for almost half of all operating nuclear plants worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September, the company \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eannounced\u003c/a\u003e it had successfully completed the Front-End Engineering and Experimenting Design (FEEED) phase of the eVinci microreactor. That milestone paves the way for testing of a 5MW microreactor within two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMany believe nuclear energy will be crucial to bridge the gap as government\u0026#8217;s worldwide scale their renewable energy infrastructure. As such, other firms like the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eUS\u0026#8217;s Seaborg\u003c/a\u003e, are also looking to build large fleets of floating reactors to provide the energy we need to move away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d0:T4f3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFloating reactors have the potential to alter our relationship with nuclear power, as they provide a highly transportable source of cost-effective nuclear power. According to CORE POWER, this flexibility will be crucial for governments to reach their net zero goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-no-net-zero-without-nuclear\"\u003e\u0026#8220;No net zero without nuclear\u0026#8221;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFNPPs will allow operators to deploy nuclear microreactors to areas that would otherwise be underserved. They could also send more reactors as needed to areas where demand is high. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBy operating offshore, these floating reactors are also safe from tsunamis, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. Thus, they can preemptively prevent nuclear disasters like the one seen \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-retrieves-melted-fuel-from-fukushima-reactor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ein Fukushima\u003c/a\u003e, Japan, following the 2012 earthquake and tsunami in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company claims its eVinci nuclear microreactor is perfectly suited to this type of transportability. It requires very little maintenance. What\u0026#8217;s more, it can operate for up to eight years at full capacity without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d1:T456,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the agreement, Westinghouse Electric Company will also utilize its proprietary heat pipe technology. This technology improves reliability and enables a non-pressurized method for passively transferring heat from the nuclear core to a power conversion system. This removes the need for water cooling and complex systems. CORE POWER will bring its expertise with floating power plant solutions to the table.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“There’s no net zero without nuclear,\u0026#8221; Mikal Bøe, CEO of CORE POWER explained in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress statement\u003c/a\u003e. \u0026#8220;A long series of identical turnkey power plants using multiple installations of the Westinghouse eVinci microreactor delivered by sea, creates a real opportunity to scale nuclear as the perfect solution to meet the rapidly growing demand for clean, flexible and reliable electricity delivered on time and on budget.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d2:T6e1,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;Our unique partnership with Westinghouse is a game changer for how customers buy nuclear energy,” he continued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=361\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-evinci-microreactor\"\u003eThe eVinci microreactor\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci microreactor essentially works as a battery, the company says. It is fully assembled in the factory and can be easily shipped in a container. The machine has very few moving parts and can be used for power systems ranging from just a few kilowatts to five megawatts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eeVinvi is also capable of producing high-temperature heat for industrial applications, including the production of hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“With this groundbreaking agreement, we will demonstrate the viability of the eVinci technology for innovative use cases where power is needed in remote locations or in areas with land limitations,” said Jon Ball, President of eVinci Technologies at Westinghouse. “We look forward to our partnership with CORE POWER, bringing the unique advantages of eVinci microreactors to maritime and coastal applications, potentially even paving the way for future disaster relief efforts.”\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d3:T46c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company has a strong track record, having supplied the world’s first commercial pressurized water reactor in 1957. The firm also says its technology forms the basis for almost half of all operating nuclear plants worldwide. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn September, the company \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eannounced\u003c/a\u003e it had successfully completed the Front-End Engineering and Experimenting Design (FEEED) phase of the eVinci microreactor. That milestone paves the way for testing of a 5MW microreactor within two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMany believe nuclear energy will be crucial to bridge the gap as government\u0026#8217;s worldwide scale their renewable energy infrastructure. As such, other firms like the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eUS\u0026#8217;s Seaborg\u003c/a\u003e, are also looking to build large fleets of floating reactors to provide the energy we need to move away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d4:T1db3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eWhy bromide flow batteries could replace lithium-ion for grid energy needs\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, a team of engineers has found a novel way to store energy using an additive-based tech.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/bromide-flow-battery-grid-energy\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why bromide flow batteries could replace lithium-ion for grid energy needs\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, a team of engineers has found a novel way to store energy using an additive-based tech.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/bromide-flow-battery-grid-energy\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-25T15:17:01+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-25T15:17:08+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_35d972.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mrigakshi Dixit\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/bromide-flow-battery-grid-energy#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/bromide-flow-battery-grid-energy\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/696f755f1eed421bdfd49e34e42a53ae\"},\"headline\":\"New additive to enable affordable, efficient energy storage in flow 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/\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d5:T125b,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eRenewable energy sources like wind and solar power are essential for a greener future—but they’re inherently unpredictable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFluctuating wind speeds and sunlight variations make these energy sources inconsistent, creating a pressing need for efficient energy storage systems. Enter the race for advanced batteries that can reliably store intermittent energy over the long term.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt the University of Wisconsin-Madison, engineers have found a novel way to store energy using an additive-based tech.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-advancing-flow-battery-tech\"\u003eAdvancing flow battery tech\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers have developed a water-soluble chemical additive to enhance the performance of bromide-based aqueous flow batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFlow batteries are electrochemical storage systems that can be used for large-scale \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/quantum-inspired-tech-turns-heat-into-electricity-via-light\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eenergy storage\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Bromide-based aqueous flow batteries are a promising solution, but there are many messy electrochemical problems with them. That’s why there’s no real successful bromide-based products today,” said Patrick Sullivan, one of the study authors.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Yet, our one additive can solve so many different problems,” Sullivan added.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAqueous flow batteries use liquid electrolytes that circulate between electrodes separated by a membrane. This design uses water-based ion solutions and offers advantages in scalability, sustainability, and safety.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCommercial flow batteries often use expensive vanadium ions, but researchers state that bromide could be a cheaper and more abundant alternative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How the first battery was invented\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/DSyuE5OZB3M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-new-additive-overcomes-challenges\"\u003eNew additive overcomes challenges\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, bromide-based flow batteries have faced challenges due to the behavior of bromide ions. These ions can leak, precipitate, or form toxic byproducts, thereby impacting the battery\u0026#8217;s performance and reliability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe new innovative additive addresses these challenges head-on. However, the development was not straightforward. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers created over 500 potential organic molecules, termed \u0026#8220;soft-hard zwitterionic trappers.\u0026#8221; Out of the 500 candidates, only 13 were chosen for synthesis and evaluation as potential additives for bromide batteries. This led to the creation of multifunctional additives that address key challenges in flow batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt prevents the bromide ions from leaking through the membrane, reduces the formation of harmful byproducts, and even enhances the battery\u0026#8217;s overall efficiency and lifespan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our devices with the additive functioned without decay for almost two months compared to ones without it, which typically fail within a day,” said Dawei Feng, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This is important because for green energy storage, you want to use it for 10 or 20 years,” Feng added in the\u003ca href=\"https://engineering.wisc.edu/news/engineered-additive-makes-low-cost-renewable-energy-storage-a-possibility/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e press release.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLarge lithium-ion batteries dominate grid-scale energy storage today but face supply chain issues and safety concerns. Aqueous flow batteries with this additive could provide a safer, cost-effective alternative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team now plans to refine their work on bromide and iodide flow batteries and explore commercializing the additive, which has already been produced successfully in large-scale industrial reactions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith these advances, bromide-based flow batteries may soon become a viable, scalable solution for storing renewable energy, paving the way for a more sustainable future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08079-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNature\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d6:T4e0,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-advancing-flow-battery-tech\"\u003eAdvancing flow battery tech\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers have developed a water-soluble chemical additive to enhance the performance of bromide-based aqueous flow batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFlow batteries are electrochemical storage systems that can be used for large-scale \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/quantum-inspired-tech-turns-heat-into-electricity-via-light\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eenergy storage\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Bromide-based aqueous flow batteries are a promising solution, but there are many messy electrochemical problems with them. That’s why there’s no real successful bromide-based products today,” said Patrick Sullivan, one of the study authors.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Yet, our one additive can solve so many different problems,” Sullivan added.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAqueous flow batteries use liquid electrolytes that circulate between electrodes separated by a membrane. This design uses water-based ion solutions and offers advantages in scalability, sustainability, and safety.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCommercial flow batteries often use expensive vanadium ions, but researchers state that bromide could be a cheaper and more abundant alternative.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d7:T60f,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How the first battery was invented\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/DSyuE5OZB3M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-new-additive-overcomes-challenges\"\u003eNew additive overcomes challenges\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, bromide-based flow batteries have faced challenges due to the behavior of bromide ions. These ions can leak, precipitate, or form toxic byproducts, thereby impacting the battery\u0026#8217;s performance and reliability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe new innovative additive addresses these challenges head-on. However, the development was not straightforward. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe researchers created over 500 potential organic molecules, termed \u0026#8220;soft-hard zwitterionic trappers.\u0026#8221; Out of the 500 candidates, only 13 were chosen for synthesis and evaluation as potential additives for bromide batteries. This led to the creation of multifunctional additives that address key challenges in flow batteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt prevents the bromide ions from leaking through the membrane, reduces the formation of harmful byproducts, and even enhances the battery\u0026#8217;s overall efficiency and lifespan.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d8:T499,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our devices with the additive functioned without decay for almost two months compared to ones without it, which typically fail within a day,” said Dawei Feng, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This is important because for green energy storage, you want to use it for 10 or 20 years,” Feng added in the\u003ca href=\"https://engineering.wisc.edu/news/engineered-additive-makes-low-cost-renewable-energy-storage-a-possibility/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e press release.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eLarge lithium-ion batteries dominate grid-scale energy storage today but face supply chain issues and safety concerns. Aqueous flow batteries with this additive could provide a safer, cost-effective alternative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team now plans to refine their work on bromide and iodide flow batteries and explore commercializing the additive, which has already been produced successfully in large-scale industrial reactions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eWith these advances, bromide-based flow batteries may soon become a viable, scalable solution for storing renewable energy, paving the way for a more sustainable future.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"d9:T1d6e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eCaribbean startup turns rotten seaweed, rum waste into fuel for cars\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"A mechanical engineer in Barbados is turning rotting seaweed into biofuel that can power cars and tourism in Barbados without fossil fuels.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/seaweed-biofuel-cars-barbados\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Caribbean startup turns rotten seaweed, rum waste into fuel for cars\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A mechanical engineer in Barbados is turning rotting seaweed into biofuel that can power cars and tourism in Barbados without fossil fuels.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/seaweed-biofuel-cars-barbados\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-25T11:15:23+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-25T11:43:11+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SW.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta 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content=\"2024-11-25T11:15:23+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"da:T14d7,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eRum and Sargassum, a startup in Barbados in the Caribbean islands, is turning rum waste from distilleries and seaweed washed off onto the shores to produce bio-compressed natural gas to fuel cars. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe startup was founded by mechanical engineer Legena Henry and her data scientist husband to help the country continue to attract tourists while also meeting its net zero goals. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSargassum, or seaweed, has been invading Caribbean beaches for over a decade. The warming oceans and increased marine pollution have propelled the weed growth in the Sargasso Sea, which gets washed up on the pristine beaches in the Caribbean.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOnce it reaches land, seaweed begins to rot. While mounds of seaweed and rotting smells are unpleasant for tourists, they are also a health risk for marine animals. Resorts spend millions of dollars every year to remove seaweed from the beaches, but Henry\u0026#8217;s startup could turn this adversity into a win-win situation.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-an-idea-that-worked\"\u003eAn idea that worked\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBarbados has set an ambitious goal to become fossil-fuel-free by the end of this decade. However, Henry, a researcher and lecturer at the University of West Indies (UWI), believes this will have a massive economic impact since electric vehicles (EVs) are too expensive for the country\u0026#8217;s common man.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eExisting internal combustion engine vehicles can be retrofitted with a kit in about four hours and run on gas. The cost of the kit is a fraction of that of an EV. So, Henry was working to replicate Brazil\u0026#8217;s success in using sugarcane to create biofuel that could power cars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut while working on this project, Henry and her student Brittney McKenzie encountered trucks being deployed to clear up sargassum and wondered if they could use this material instead.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/world-of-tomorrow-powered-by-seaweed-kelp-biofuels\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eseaweed\u003c/a\u003e from the beaches and rum distillery wastewater, another waste the islands have to contend with, Brittney set up small batches of reactors, and their preliminary results were promising.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Rum \u0026amp; Sargassum - Drive Any Car on Sargassum-based Fuel\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/0MWWiRXYvWk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eSaving tourism without fossil fuels\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHenry also hired another biologist to determine what combinations of sargassum and wastewater produced the highest levels of natural gas. Once the technology was perfected, the team filed a patent in 2019 and sought more funding to deploy it as an experiment.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey tested their biofuel in a Nissan Leaf and decided to float Rum and Sargassum next in 2021. The startup is now working to scale up its production to meet demand for its initial target of 2,000 customers.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the long term, the company plans to supply fuel to 100,000 fossil fuel-powered vehicles, about 75 percent of all vehicles in Barbados. This would prevent an estimated 14 million tons of CO2 from being released into the air while also reducing the cost of fuel by half for vehicle owners. This could help tourism continue even without using fossil fuels. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut scaling up isn\u0026#8217;t that straightforward. Henry estimates that selling fuel to 300 taxis would cost the company $7.5 million, and a mix of debt financing from development banks and venture capital could help raise these funds.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIf successful, the solution could be applied in many places where seaweed has been troublesome but could eventually \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/chinese-eco-car-uses-plastic-seaweed-and-bio-materials-for-hydrogen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ebecome a boon\u003c/a\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis report contains information that first appeared in \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03684-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNature\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e and the\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czr71vpz4ypo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e \u003c/a\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czr71vpz4ypo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBBC\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Is a Life without Fossil Fuels Possible?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/EOFkoSPi7eI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"db:T40c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOnce it reaches land, seaweed begins to rot. While mounds of seaweed and rotting smells are unpleasant for tourists, they are also a health risk for marine animals. Resorts spend millions of dollars every year to remove seaweed from the beaches, but Henry\u0026#8217;s startup could turn this adversity into a win-win situation.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-an-idea-that-worked\"\u003eAn idea that worked\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBarbados has set an ambitious goal to become fossil-fuel-free by the end of this decade. However, Henry, a researcher and lecturer at the University of West Indies (UWI), believes this will have a massive economic impact since electric vehicles (EVs) are too expensive for the country\u0026#8217;s common man.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eExisting internal combustion engine vehicles can be retrofitted with a kit in about four hours and run on gas. The cost of the kit is a fraction of that of an EV. So, Henry was working to replicate Brazil\u0026#8217;s success in using sugarcane to create biofuel that could power cars.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"dc:T69e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut while working on this project, Henry and her student Brittney McKenzie encountered trucks being deployed to clear up sargassum and wondered if they could use this material instead.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/world-of-tomorrow-powered-by-seaweed-kelp-biofuels\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eseaweed\u003c/a\u003e from the beaches and rum distillery wastewater, another waste the islands have to contend with, Brittney set up small batches of reactors, and their preliminary results were promising.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Rum \u0026amp; Sargassum - Drive Any Car on Sargassum-based Fuel\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/0MWWiRXYvWk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eSaving tourism without fossil fuels\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eHenry also hired another biologist to determine what combinations of sargassum and wastewater produced the highest levels of natural gas. Once the technology was perfected, the team filed a patent in 2019 and sought more funding to deploy it as an experiment.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThey tested their biofuel in a Nissan Leaf and decided to float Rum and Sargassum next in 2021. The startup is now working to scale up its production to meet demand for its initial target of 2,000 customers.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"dd:T79e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the long term, the company plans to supply fuel to 100,000 fossil fuel-powered vehicles, about 75 percent of all vehicles in Barbados. This would prevent an estimated 14 million tons of CO2 from being released into the air while also reducing the cost of fuel by half for vehicle owners. This could help tourism continue even without using fossil fuels. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut scaling up isn\u0026#8217;t that straightforward. Henry estimates that selling fuel to 300 taxis would cost the company $7.5 million, and a mix of debt financing from development banks and venture capital could help raise these funds.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIf successful, the solution could be applied in many places where seaweed has been troublesome but could eventually \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/chinese-eco-car-uses-plastic-seaweed-and-bio-materials-for-hydrogen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ebecome a boon\u003c/a\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis report contains information that first appeared in \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03684-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNature\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e and the\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czr71vpz4ypo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e \u003c/a\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czr71vpz4ypo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBBC\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Is a Life without Fossil Fuels Possible?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/EOFkoSPi7eI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"de:T1fb3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eLargest worm lizard ever discovered lived 50 million years ago\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"A brand new species and genus of a legless reptile has been identfied in a fossil bed in Tunisia that slithered at an unbelievable 3 feet long with very strong jaws.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Largest worm lizard ever discovered lived 50 million years ago\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A brand new species and genus of a legless reptile has been identfied in a fossil bed in Tunisia that slithered at an unbelievable 3 feet long with very strong jaws.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T12:41:26+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T12:41:34+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screen-Shot-2024-11-26-at-2.19.22-PM.png\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Maria Mocerino\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Maria Mocerino\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Maria 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/\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" /\u003e\n\u003c!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"df:T149c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers in Tunisia found the largest “worm lizard” that has ever lived with a feeding strategy that has remained consistent for millions of years.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe recently identified \u003cem\u003eTerastiodontosaurus marcelosanchezi\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;existed a whopping 50 million years ago at a time when warm temperatures might have encouraged its astonishing growth. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSlithering up to three feet long, the reptile belongs to a new genus and species of\u0026nbsp;amphisbaenians, a “charismatic group” of “legless lizards” that has “attracted and puzzled researchers since the 19\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;century.” \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut beyond its unusually long body, \u003cem\u003eTerastiodontosaurus\u003c/em\u003e has distinct characteristics that set it apart as its own species and genus within the \u003cem\u003eTrogonophidae\u003c/em\u003e family that has eluciated where the feeding habits of its modern-day relative came from: one hungry giant with a soft-spot for snails.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-biggest-worm-like-reptile-ever-recorded\"\u003eThe biggest worm-like reptile ever recorded\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eRecent fieldwork in Eocene levels of the Natural Park of Djebel Chambi, Tunisia, “led to the discovery of one of the oldest records of Amphisbaenia in Afro-Arabia,” according to a new study.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThough known as a fossil-bearing site, it has yet to produce a reptile until now, and researchers uncovered at least 11 different specimens, as \u003cem\u003eNewsweek \u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/record-breaking-giant-worm-lizard-50-million-years-ago-discovered-1991300\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ereported\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe fossils found include craniodental and vertebral remains so “unusual” that researchers had to classify this striking specimen as a new genus and species within an intriguing family of \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/burmese-python-turns-massive-rival-snake-into-dinner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ereptiles\u003c/a\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our discovery from Tunisia, with an estimated skull length exceeding five centimeters, is the largest known worm lizard species,” Dr. Georgios L. Georgalis, the research head, explained. “All evidence indicates that the new species is related to the modern-day checkerboard worm lizard.” \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eUsing micro-computed tomography, they assessed the anatomy of the new taxon against other\u0026nbsp;amphisbaenians. The\u0026nbsp;Terastiodontosaurus\u0026nbsp;showed an “extreme dental morphology, including one massive tooth on the maxilla and dentary, flat cheek teeth, and an array of other diagnostic features that readily differentiate from all other amphisbaenians.”\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Visually, you can imagine the animal as a ‘sandworm’ from the ‘Dune’ science fiction novels and their movie adaptation. Based on the tooth structure and the unusually thick enamel, we can deduce that the animals had enormous muscle strength in their jaws,” Georgalis\u0026nbsp;continued in a recent press release.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMost worm lizards are subterranean, but this giant might have been too big to remain completely underground, giving it an unusual behavioral pattern amongst the group. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-eating-snails-for-over-50-million-years\"\u003eEating snails for over 50 million years\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts extremely strong jaws and specialized tooth enamel suggest that it feasted on snails, able to crush through their shells with ease. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eGeorgalis said in a press \u003ca href=\"https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/252517?returnurl=https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/252517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003erelease\u003c/a\u003e that today’s checkerboard worm lizards eat snails by breaking open their shells. Now, researchers can make a prehistoric link.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;This lineage specialized in feeding on \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/china-snail-shells-tell-tale-of-superstorm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esnails\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#8230; This feeding strategy is therefore extremely consistent. It has defied all environmental changes and accompanies the lineage to this day.” \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSo this lineage of the largest “worm \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/scuba-diving-lizard-uses-air-bubble\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003elizard\u003c/a\u003e” hasn’t had any need to change its behavior in millions of years. When it works, it works.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe study was \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/202/3/zlae133/7906359?login=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epublished\u003c/a\u003e in the \u003cem\u003eZoological Journal of the Linnean Society. \u003c/em\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Reptiles Helped Solve Problems\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/u6ysfXo1x9Y?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e0:T565,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBut beyond its unusually long body, \u003cem\u003eTerastiodontosaurus\u003c/em\u003e has distinct characteristics that set it apart as its own species and genus within the \u003cem\u003eTrogonophidae\u003c/em\u003e family that has eluciated where the feeding habits of its modern-day relative came from: one hungry giant with a soft-spot for snails.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-biggest-worm-like-reptile-ever-recorded\"\u003eThe biggest worm-like reptile ever recorded\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eRecent fieldwork in Eocene levels of the Natural Park of Djebel Chambi, Tunisia, “led to the discovery of one of the oldest records of Amphisbaenia in Afro-Arabia,” according to a new study.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThough known as a fossil-bearing site, it has yet to produce a reptile until now, and researchers uncovered at least 11 different specimens, as \u003cem\u003eNewsweek \u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/record-breaking-giant-worm-lizard-50-million-years-ago-discovered-1991300\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ereported\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe fossils found include craniodental and vertebral remains so “unusual” that researchers had to classify this striking specimen as a new genus and species within an intriguing family of \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/burmese-python-turns-massive-rival-snake-into-dinner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003ereptiles\u003c/a\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e1:T6ac,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMost worm lizards are subterranean, but this giant might have been too big to remain completely underground, giving it an unusual behavioral pattern amongst the group. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-eating-snails-for-over-50-million-years\"\u003eEating snails for over 50 million years\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIts extremely strong jaws and specialized tooth enamel suggest that it feasted on snails, able to crush through their shells with ease. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eGeorgalis said in a press \u003ca href=\"https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/252517?returnurl=https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/252517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003erelease\u003c/a\u003e that today’s checkerboard worm lizards eat snails by breaking open their shells. Now, researchers can make a prehistoric link.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;This lineage specialized in feeding on \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/china-snail-shells-tell-tale-of-superstorm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esnails\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#8230; This feeding strategy is therefore extremely consistent. It has defied all environmental changes and accompanies the lineage to this day.” \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eSo this lineage of the largest “worm \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/scuba-diving-lizard-uses-air-bubble\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003elizard\u003c/a\u003e” hasn’t had any need to change its behavior in millions of years. When it works, it works.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe study was \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/202/3/zlae133/7906359?login=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epublished\u003c/a\u003e in the \u003cem\u003eZoological Journal of the Linnean Society. \u003c/em\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e2:T1ec7,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eSuperalloys withstand 1112°F test to protect nuclear fusion reactors\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Liquid metal coolants used inside fusion reactors threaten the structural integrity of reactor. 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A ODS alloy coating is favored to prevent structural damage from within.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T11:57:47+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T12:00:15+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/TK.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ameya Paleja\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ameya Paleja\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/228699245718b47295471284aabc21c5\"},\"headline\":\"Japan’s superalloys withstand 1112°F test to protect nuclear fusion reactors \",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T11:57:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T12:00:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\"},\"wordCount\":604,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/TK.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Representational image of inside of a tokamak reactor. \"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/TK.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"japan\",\"Nuclear Reactor\",\"Superalloys\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Science\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2024\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\",\"url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan\",\"name\":\"Superalloys withstand 1112°F test to protect nuclear fusion reactors\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/alloy-nuclear-fusion-reactor-protection-japan#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/TK.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T11:57:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T12:00:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"Liquid metal coolants used inside fusion reactors threaten the structural integrity of reactor. 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Unlike its fission counterpart, nuclear fusion does not produce radioactive waste. The process replicates the reactions that occur in the Sun and, therefore, requires extremely high temperatures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis requires using advanced materials and liquid metal coolants to extract heat from the reactor when necessary. However, these coolants, typically made from lithium and lithium-lead (LiPb) alloys, are highly corrosive and threaten the structural integrity of the reactor vessel. This is where ODS alloys can help.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eWhat is an ODS alloy?\u0026nbsp;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOxide dispersion-strengthened alloys are alloys with small oxide particles dispersed within them. These alloys have better strength than regular alloys because the incoherency of oxide particles results in higher interfacial energy and reduces the likelihood of dislocation.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe material also has high ductility and heat resistance, making it a viable option for high-temperature applications such as high-temperature turbine blades and heat exchangers. Extreme applications of ODS include coating spacecraft during re-entry and now in fusion nuclear reactors.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eODS FeCrAl alloys are promising candidates for \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/nuclear-fusion-health-energy-cars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003enuclear fusion\u003c/a\u003e reactors because they can form protective oxide layers such as α-Al2O3 under high-temperature conditions. Since LiPb alloys are highly corrosive, researchers at the Institute of Tokyo Science and collaborators were keen to study their interaction closely.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tests-with-ods-alloys\"\u003eTests with ODS alloys\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the laboratory, the research teams tested two ODS FeCrAl alloys, SP10 and NF12, under static and stirred-flow conditions at 873 Kelvin (~600 degrees Celsius, 1112°F) to simulate conditions in fusion reactor coolant systems. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research team investigated the microstructure of the protective oxide layer on the alloy surfaces in more detail by deploying techniques like metallurgical analysis, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123239\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg 1920w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eCorrosion test of ODS FeCrAl alloys in liquid LiPb at 873K (left and center) and STEM cross-sectional observation on the surface of pre-oxidized alloy after exposure to liquid LiPb flow (right). Image credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/1050484\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMasatoshi Kondo\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team found that the Al2O3 layer was effective in preventing corrosion initially but also transformed into α-/γ-LiAlO2 after reacting with lithium. Even if ODS alloy was not pre-oxidized, it formed a self-protective layer under these conditions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBoth these oxidized layers showed high resistance to exfoliation and adhered strongly to the alloy surface even under high thermal stress.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“The lithium-aluminum oxide layer’s durability shows that these alloys could last longer in high-temperature, high-stress settings,” said Masatoshi Kondo, an associate professor at Tokyo Science, in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.isct.ac.jp/en/news/x3wqkz0v529a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This layer serves as a sustainable shield that continues protecting reactor components even after initial wear.”\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research findings could help develop \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-firm-nuclear-fusion-device-prototype\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efusion reactors\u003c/a\u003e that run safely when operated for extended periods of time. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our findings show that ODS FeCrAl alloys, with their ability to form durable protective layers, could play a vital role in the future of fusion reactors and other high-temperature power systems,” concluded Kondo in the press release.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2024.112459\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCorrosion Science\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=2\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e4:T41f,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNuclear fusion is expected to play a major role in this energy transition as the world works to phase out fossil fuels and turn to cleaner energy sources. Unlike its fission counterpart, nuclear fusion does not produce radioactive waste. The process replicates the reactions that occur in the Sun and, therefore, requires extremely high temperatures.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis requires using advanced materials and liquid metal coolants to extract heat from the reactor when necessary. However, these coolants, typically made from lithium and lithium-lead (LiPb) alloys, are highly corrosive and threaten the structural integrity of the reactor vessel. This is where ODS alloys can help.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eWhat is an ODS alloy?\u0026nbsp;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOxide dispersion-strengthened alloys are alloys with small oxide particles dispersed within them. These alloys have better strength than regular alloys because the incoherency of oxide particles results in higher interfacial energy and reduces the likelihood of dislocation.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e5:T54c,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe material also has high ductility and heat resistance, making it a viable option for high-temperature applications such as high-temperature turbine blades and heat exchangers. Extreme applications of ODS include coating spacecraft during re-entry and now in fusion nuclear reactors.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eODS FeCrAl alloys are promising candidates for \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/nuclear-fusion-health-energy-cars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003enuclear fusion\u003c/a\u003e reactors because they can form protective oxide layers such as α-Al2O3 under high-temperature conditions. Since LiPb alloys are highly corrosive, researchers at the Institute of Tokyo Science and collaborators were keen to study their interaction closely.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tests-with-ods-alloys\"\u003eTests with ODS alloys\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the laboratory, the research teams tested two ODS FeCrAl alloys, SP10 and NF12, under static and stirred-flow conditions at 873 Kelvin (~600 degrees Celsius, 1112°F) to simulate conditions in fusion reactor coolant systems. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research team investigated the microstructure of the protective oxide layer on the alloy surfaces in more detail by deploying techniques like metallurgical analysis, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e6:T8a9,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123239\" srcset=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg 1920w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/NF2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" /\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"\u003eCorrosion test of ODS FeCrAl alloys in liquid LiPb at 873K (left and center) and STEM cross-sectional observation on the surface of pre-oxidized alloy after exposure to liquid LiPb flow (right). Image credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/1050484\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMasatoshi Kondo\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe team found that the Al2O3 layer was effective in preventing corrosion initially but also transformed into α-/γ-LiAlO2 after reacting with lithium. Even if ODS alloy was not pre-oxidized, it formed a self-protective layer under these conditions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eBoth these oxidized layers showed high resistance to exfoliation and adhered strongly to the alloy surface even under high thermal stress.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“The lithium-aluminum oxide layer’s durability shows that these alloys could last longer in high-temperature, high-stress settings,” said Masatoshi Kondo, an associate professor at Tokyo Science, in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.isct.ac.jp/en/news/x3wqkz0v529a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epress release\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“This layer serves as a sustainable shield that continues protecting reactor components even after initial wear.”\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research findings could help develop \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-firm-nuclear-fusion-device-prototype\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efusion reactors\u003c/a\u003e that run safely when operated for extended periods of time. \u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e7:T426,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“Our findings show that ODS FeCrAl alloys, with their ability to form durable protective layers, could play a vital role in the future of fusion reactors and other high-temperature power systems,” concluded Kondo in the press release.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2024.112459\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCorrosion Science\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Small Modular Reactors Are Shaping the Future of Energy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6KUuUh8uaLo?start=2\u0026#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e8:T1cc6,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eElon Musk’s Neuralink to soon trial brain chip to control robot arm\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Neuralink says that the study\u0026#039;s launch is an important step towards restoring not just digital but also physical freedom.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/neuralink-bci-interface-control-robot-arm\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Elon Musk’s Neuralink to soon trial brain chip to control robot arm\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Neuralink says that the study\u0026#039;s launch is an important step towards restoring not just digital but also physical freedom.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/neuralink-bci-interface-control-robot-arm\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T10:55:03+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T10:59:07+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-96.png\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/png\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/neuralink-bci-interface-control-robot-arm#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/neuralink-bci-interface-control-robot-arm\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/6941f82106e837617793aa38635c4fe3\"},\"headline\":\"Elon Musk’s Neuralink to trial game-changing brain-chip to control robot 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using the N1 implant to “an investigational assistive robotic arm.”\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe startup says that the launch of the study is an important step towards restoring not just digital but also physical freedom in those that need it the most.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt also added that it will allow participants of its ongoing PRIME study to join the new CONVOY feasibility test.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eNeuralink’s ongoing studies\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNeuralink’s PRIME study involves placing a small, cosmetically invisible BCI implant in a part of the brain that plans movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis implant allows the people with quadriplegia to control external devices like computers, and smartphones with their thoughts. The BCI implant removes the need for any physical movement or the need of any wires.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMusk’s startup has been inviting people with disabilities – like limited or no ability to use both hands due to cervical spinal cord injury or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) \u0026#8211; to join their patient registry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEarlier this year, Noland Arbaugh, a 30-year-old who became paralyzed from the shoulders down after a 2016 accident, became the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/elon-musks-neuralink-second-brain-chip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efirst person\u003c/a\u003e to receive Neuralink’s brain implant in January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThere had been challenges in the journey, but Neuralink had been able to adjust the implant’s algorithm to enhance its sensitivity and restore its functionality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing this, during a podcast in August Musk had stated that the BCI implant was also working well in the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/neuralink-second-brain-chip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esecond patient\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNeuralink has been planning to expand its clinical trials significantly, and it to implant the device in eight more patients within the year. This expansion represents a critical step in validating the technology’s effectiveness and safety on a larger scale.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-recent-announcements-from-musk-s-startup\"\u003eRecent announcements from Musk’s startup\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eApart from the \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/neuralink/status/1861107594645119006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eannouncement\u003c/a\u003e over the feasibility study to extend BCI control using the N1 Implant to an investigational assistive robotic arm, Neuralink has also gained some upper hand in other areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\nhttps://twitter.com/neuralink/status/1861107594645119006\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOn November 20, the startup said that it has received approval from Health Canada to launch the CAN-PRIME Study, its first international trial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe approval from Canada comes on the back of the success it received in its trials in the US. The startup has said that the trial is now open to Canadian nationals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/canadian-neurosurgeons-seek-six-patients-for-musk-s-neuralink-brain-study-1.7121337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ea report\u003c/a\u003e, Canadian neurosurgeons are looking for regulatory approvals to recruit six patients with paralysis to get the startup’s BCI implant embedded willingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe trial will use a two-ton (1.8-ton) robot to implant 64 electrodes, each with 16 contacts, into the hand-motor areas of patients\u0026#8217; brains, as per the report.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea is that the electrodes will transmit activity in those areas so that by thinking about movement, the patient can make connected devices move.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMore details about the new CONVOY study \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/musks-neuralink-launch-new-feasibility-trial-with-brain-implant-2024-11-25/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eare awaited\u003c/a\u003e, and Neuralink has stated that it will reveal more in due course of time.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ea:T46a,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt also added that it will allow participants of its ongoing PRIME study to join the new CONVOY feasibility test.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"\u003eNeuralink’s ongoing studies\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNeuralink’s PRIME study involves placing a small, cosmetically invisible BCI implant in a part of the brain that plans movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis implant allows the people with quadriplegia to control external devices like computers, and smartphones with their thoughts. The BCI implant removes the need for any physical movement or the need of any wires.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMusk’s startup has been inviting people with disabilities – like limited or no ability to use both hands due to cervical spinal cord injury or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) \u0026#8211; to join their patient registry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eEarlier this year, Noland Arbaugh, a 30-year-old who became paralyzed from the shoulders down after a 2016 accident, became the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/elon-musks-neuralink-second-brain-chip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003efirst person\u003c/a\u003e to receive Neuralink’s brain implant in January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"eb:T5f6,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThere had been challenges in the journey, but Neuralink had been able to adjust the implant’s algorithm to enhance its sensitivity and restore its functionality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing this, during a podcast in August Musk had stated that the BCI implant was also working well in the \u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/neuralink-second-brain-chip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003esecond patient\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eNeuralink has been planning to expand its clinical trials significantly, and it to implant the device in eight more patients within the year. This expansion represents a critical step in validating the technology’s effectiveness and safety on a larger scale.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-recent-announcements-from-musk-s-startup\"\u003eRecent announcements from Musk’s startup\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eApart from the \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/neuralink/status/1861107594645119006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eannouncement\u003c/a\u003e over the feasibility study to extend BCI control using the N1 Implant to an investigational assistive robotic arm, Neuralink has also gained some upper hand in other areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\nhttps://twitter.com/neuralink/status/1861107594645119006\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eOn November 20, the startup said that it has received approval from Health Canada to launch the CAN-PRIME Study, its first international trial.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ec:T4d5,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe approval from Canada comes on the back of the success it received in its trials in the US. The startup has said that the trial is now open to Canadian nationals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/canadian-neurosurgeons-seek-six-patients-for-musk-s-neuralink-brain-study-1.7121337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ea report\u003c/a\u003e, Canadian neurosurgeons are looking for regulatory approvals to recruit six patients with paralysis to get the startup’s BCI implant embedded willingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe trial will use a two-ton (1.8-ton) robot to implant 64 electrodes, each with 16 contacts, into the hand-motor areas of patients\u0026#8217; brains, as per the report.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea is that the electrodes will transmit activity in those areas so that by thinking about movement, the patient can make connected devices move.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eMore details about the new CONVOY study \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/musks-neuralink-launch-new-feasibility-trial-with-brain-implant-2024-11-25/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eare awaited\u003c/a\u003e, and Neuralink has stated that it will reveal more in due course of time.\u003c/p\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ed:T1e8a,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003c!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eChina\u0026#039;s new afterburner tech boosts thrust by 99%, to enhance combat\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"Chinese scientists report they have developed a game-changing jet engine afterburner with near-100% fuel efficiency.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:title\" content=\"China\u0026#039;s new afterburner tech boosts thrust by 99%, to enhance combat\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Chinese scientists report they have developed a game-changing jet engine afterburner with near-100% fuel efficiency.\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interesting Engineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering/\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T10:33:22+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T10:38:00+00:00\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Chinese-afterburner.jpg\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image/jpeg\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"author\" content=\"Christopher McFadden\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IntEngineering\" /\u003e\n\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Christopher McFadden\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" /\u003e\n\t\u003cmeta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" /\u003e\n\u003cscript type=\"application/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\"\u003e{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Christopher McFadden\",\"@id\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/#/schema/person/2ff174fd7fd3b4725a23fe8d5339342f\"},\"headline\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; 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If true, this new technology could give Chinese jet aircraft a significant \u0026#8216;edge in air combat.\u0026#8217;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eDeveloped by researchers at the Aero Engine Academy of China in Beijing, the new afterburner technology has a burn efficiency of over 99%. This would meet the fuel efficiency of jet engines under cruise conditions. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to the researchers, the new afterburner reduces engine vibration by as much as 80% under maximum operational loads. Again, if the claims are true, this would make the technology very efficient and reduce the risk of engine damage to levels not seen before.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, afterburners work by injecting additional fuel into the exhaust gases from a jet engine. Due to this exhaust\u0026#8217;s already very high temperatures, the fuel is ignited, creating an additional, secondary combustion phase. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-near-100-efficient-afterburner\"\u003eNear 100% efficient afterburner\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ignition increases the volume and velocity of the exhaust gases, significantly boosting the engine\u0026#8217;s thrust. To handle the extra volume, the jet engine exhaust nozzle is typically expanded or widened to allow the added gas volume to exit the engine safely. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/VirtualAero/BottleRocket/airplane/aturba.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAfterburners \u003c/a\u003eare typically used for supersonic flight, combat situations like dogfights, or when rapid acceleration is required, such as during short takeoffs or emergencies. However, afterburners are worth the fuel investment as they can, in some circumstances, effectively double the thrust, albeit for a short time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn U.S. aircraft like the F-35 or F-22, afterburners can provide sustained added thrust, but their use is typically limited due to high fuel consumption and heat buildup. However, its use can increase \u003ca href=\"https://www.flyajetfighter.com/how-much-fuel-does-a-fighter-jet-consume/#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20the%20F135%20engine,engine%20technology%20and%20fuel%20consumption.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003efuel consumption\u003c/a\u003e by as much as three times that of typical engine operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/this-jet-engine-afterburner-puts-other-go-karts-to-shame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eEngaging afterburners \u003c/a\u003ealso alters the visual characteristics of the exhaust, often producing a reddish or bright flame due to the high temperature of the secondary combustion. Continuous use can also run the risk of damaging the engine. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo address these challenges, a team of researchers led by engineer Wang Shiqi invented a new fuel nozzle. This nozzle allows pulsed fuel to travel along a Z-shaped path and be ejected at various angles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research team called this design the \u0026#8220;self-exciting sweeping nozzle.\u0026#8221; It ensures fuel droplets form a fan shape, enabling better mixing with air.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-tech-has-already-been-patented\"\u003eThe tech has already been patented\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“[It] can generate a frequency-sweeping jet with constantly changing ejection directions at the outlet, relying solely on inlet oil pressure without any moving or electromagnetic components, while achieving good fuel atomization and a wide spatial distribution range,” Wang’s team wrote in the paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://Wang and his colleagues have named their invention the “self-excited sweeping nozzle”.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAccording to reports\u003c/a\u003e, the new afterburner nozzle already has a patent and received a gold medal at the Aero-Engine Corporation of China\u0026#8217;s Young Scientists Innovation Contest in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“When we first started this project, we weren’t sure if we could succeed. After several years without a breakthrough, I was uncertain too, but unexpectedly, we still received encouragement and support,” Wang said explained to the Chinese state-run \u003cem\u003ePeople’s Daily\u003c/em\u003e last April.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eReflecting on the challenges of his team\u0026#8217;s work, Wang \u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3287740/chinese-scientists-increase-fighter-jet-afterburner-efficiency-nearly-100-study\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eexplained\u003c/a\u003e that, \u0026#8220;there’s a legend about a swordsmith who melted himself into the forge to create the strongest sword. I now deeply relate to that feeling, wanting to devote all my time to this.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Return of the Ekranoplan\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/q-hr-Qc4Dz0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ef:T56e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to the researchers, the new afterburner reduces engine vibration by as much as 80% under maximum operational loads. Again, if the claims are true, this would make the technology very efficient and reduce the risk of engine damage to levels not seen before.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, afterburners work by injecting additional fuel into the exhaust gases from a jet engine. Due to this exhaust\u0026#8217;s already very high temperatures, the fuel is ignited, creating an additional, secondary combustion phase. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-near-100-efficient-afterburner\"\u003eNear 100% efficient afterburner\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis ignition increases the volume and velocity of the exhaust gases, significantly boosting the engine\u0026#8217;s thrust. To handle the extra volume, the jet engine exhaust nozzle is typically expanded or widened to allow the added gas volume to exit the engine safely. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/VirtualAero/BottleRocket/airplane/aturba.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAfterburners \u003c/a\u003eare typically used for supersonic flight, combat situations like dogfights, or when rapid acceleration is required, such as during short takeoffs or emergencies. However, afterburners are worth the fuel investment as they can, in some circumstances, effectively double the thrust, albeit for a short time.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"f0:T51d,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn U.S. aircraft like the F-35 or F-22, afterburners can provide sustained added thrust, but their use is typically limited due to high fuel consumption and heat buildup. However, its use can increase \u003ca href=\"https://www.flyajetfighter.com/how-much-fuel-does-a-fighter-jet-consume/#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20the%20F135%20engine,engine%20technology%20and%20fuel%20consumption.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003efuel consumption\u003c/a\u003e by as much as three times that of typical engine operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/this-jet-engine-afterburner-puts-other-go-karts-to-shame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow\"\u003eEngaging afterburners \u003c/a\u003ealso alters the visual characteristics of the exhaust, often producing a reddish or bright flame due to the high temperature of the secondary combustion. Continuous use can also run the risk of damaging the engine. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo address these challenges, a team of researchers led by engineer Wang Shiqi invented a new fuel nozzle. This nozzle allows pulsed fuel to travel along a Z-shaped path and be ejected at various angles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe research team called this design the \u0026#8220;self-exciting sweeping nozzle.\u0026#8221; It ensures fuel droplets form a fan shape, enabling better mixing with air.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"f1:T639,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-tech-has-already-been-patented\"\u003eThe tech has already been patented\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“[It] can generate a frequency-sweeping jet with constantly changing ejection directions at the outlet, relying solely on inlet oil pressure without any moving or electromagnetic components, while achieving good fuel atomization and a wide spatial distribution range,” Wang’s team wrote in the paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://Wang and his colleagues have named their invention the “self-excited sweeping nozzle”.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAccording to reports\u003c/a\u003e, the new afterburner nozzle already has a patent and received a gold medal at the Aero-Engine Corporation of China\u0026#8217;s Young Scientists Innovation Contest in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003e“When we first started this project, we weren’t sure if we could succeed. After several years without a breakthrough, I was uncertain too, but unexpectedly, we still received encouragement and support,” Wang said explained to the Chinese state-run \u003cem\u003ePeople’s Daily\u003c/em\u003e last April.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cp\u003eReflecting on the challenges of his team\u0026#8217;s work, Wang \u003ca href=\"https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3287740/chinese-scientists-increase-fighter-jet-afterburner-efficiency-nearly-100-study\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eexplained\u003c/a\u003e that, \u0026#8220;there’s a legend about a swordsmith who melted himself into the forge to create the strongest sword. I now deeply relate to that feeling, wanting to devote all my time to this.\u0026#8221;\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"17:[[\"$\",\"$L19\",null,{\"articleType\":\"premium\",\"author\":\"Christopher McFadden\",\"publishDate\":\"2024-11-16\",\"title\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"category\":\"energy\"}],[[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"name\":\"parsely-title\",\"content\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"name\":\"parsely-link\",\"content\":\"http://interestingengineering.com/energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"name\":\"parsely-type\",\"content\":\"post\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"name\":\"parsely-image-url\",\"content\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/fervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg?w=150\u0026h=150\u0026crop=1\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"name\":\"parsely-pub-date\",\"content\":\"2024-11-16T15:26:48Z\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"name\":\"parsely-section\",\"content\":\"Energy\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"name\":\"parsely-author\",\"content\":\"Christopher McFadden\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"name\":\"parsely-tags\",\"content\":\"editor: energy \u0026amp; environment, inventions and machines, sustainability\"}]],[\"$\",\"script\",null,{\"type\":\"application/ld+json\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"$1a\"}}],[\"$\",\"main\",null,{\"className\":\"t-bg-surface-primary t-pt-[10px] mb:t-pt-[70px]\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L1b\",null,{\"articleData\":{\"postType\":\"energy\",\"isStaging\":true,\"content\":{\"id\":117973,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"Inventions and Machines\",\"Sustainability\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"Inventions and Machines\",\"slug\":\"inventions-and-machines\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/inventions-and-machines\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$1c\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eHouston\u0026#8217;s Fervo Energy will use its innovative geothermal technology to provide clean power to 350,000 homes across Southern California.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eHouston\u0026#8217;s Fervo Energy will use its innovative geothermal technology to provide clean power to 350,000 homes across Southern California.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":663,\"readTime\":\"7 minutes\",\"body\":\"$1d\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/one-company-has-a-plan-to-cool-the-planet-use-earths-own-heat-to-help\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eOne company has a plan to cool the planet — use Earth’s own heat to help\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/commercial-scale-geothermal-energy-production\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eUS startup claims ‘commercial scale’ geothermal energy production after 30-day demo\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/2gw-geothermal-project-approved\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eWorld’s largest 2 GW geothermal project approved in US, to power 2 million homes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-16T15:26:48\",\"timeAgo\":\"11 days ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-17T08:31:57\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 16, 2024 10:26 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 17, 2024 03:31 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":true,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/fervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg\",\"title\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"name\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"alt_text\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"description\":\"Aerial image of the Fervo Energy's geothermal power plant.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Christopher McFadden\",\"slug\":\"christopher-mcfadden\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/XT3vqpiaHT53.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"christopher-mcfadden\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/christopher-mcfadden\",\"description\":\"Christopher graduated from Cardiff University in 2004 with a Masters Degree in Geology. Since then, he has worked exclusively within the Built Environment, Occupational Health and Safety and Environmental Consultancy industries. He is a qualified and accredited Energy Consultant, Green Deal Assessor and Practitioner member of IEMA. Chris\u0026rsquo;s main interests range from Science and Engineering, Military and Ancient History to Politics and Philosophy.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eWhat if we told you that beneath our very feet, there is a near-endless, free source of heat energy just waiting to be tapped? Called geothermal energy, the heat within the planet we live on can be used in multiple ways, and more importantly, in electricity production.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAs the urgency to combat climate change and reduce carbon emissions increases, renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly essential. While solar and wind power have received wide recognition, geothermal energy is gaining attention as a reliable and less variable option.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$1e\",\"$1f\",\"$20\",\"$21\",\"$22\",\"$23\",\"$24\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“Geothermal stands as the dependable and adaptable solution essential for California\u0026#8217;s journey towards a fully decarbonized grid,” said Dawn Owens, VP and head of development \u0026amp; commercial markets for Fervo Energy.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“As electrification increases and climate change burdens fragile infrastructure, geothermal will only play a bigger role in US power markets. Fervo looks forward to continuing to meet these needs, providing firm, clean power to help balance California’s energy portfolio,\u0026#8221; she added.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eLooking ahead, the role of geothermal energy is expected to grow as innovations reduce costs and improve accessibility. Enhanced geothermal systems, such as those developed by Fervo Energy, could make geothermal resources available in regions previously considered unsuitable.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThis development will be essential for creating a more balanced and resilient renewable energy grid capable of delivering base-load power without carbon emissions.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Aerial image of the Fervo Energy's geothermal power plant.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/one-company-has-a-plan-to-cool-the-planet-use-earths-own-heat-to-help\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eOne company has a plan to cool the planet — use Earth’s own heat to help\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/commercial-scale-geothermal-energy-production\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eUS startup claims ‘commercial scale’ geothermal energy production after 30-day demo\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/2gw-geothermal-project-approved\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eWorld’s largest 2 GW geothermal project approved in US, to power 2 million homes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":true,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/post-117973-speech-20241115184249.mp3\"},\"jobs\":[{\"id\":\"132280331\",\"title\":\"Senior Technology Engineer (Continuous Integration)\",\"url\":\"https://jobs.interestingengineering.com/job/senior-technology-engineer-continuous-integration-2-at-the-travelers-companies-inc-2?source=mini_export\",\"location\":{\"country\":\"United States\",\"address\":\"Atlanta\",\"country_short\":\"US\",\"post_code\":\"30301\",\"state\":\"GA\",\"city\":\"Atlanta\"},\"company\":{\"name\":\"The Travelers Companies, Inc.\",\"logo\":\"https://d1avm1cbyhi830.cloudfront.net/fit-in/images2/topic/new/the-travelers-companies-inc-2-logo-1625843449996.jpeg\"},\"salary\":\"$$91,300 - 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Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eAltman projects AGI by 2025, while Amodei anticipates it by 2026 or 2027, but recent trends suggest progress in AI development may be slowing.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eAltman projects AGI by 2025, while Amodei anticipates it by 2026 or 2027, but recent trends suggest progress in AI development may be slowing.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":9131,\"readTime\":\"7 minutes\",\"body\":\"$26\",\"related_content\":\"\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T16:28:00\",\"timeAgo\":\"19 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T16:28:07\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 11:28 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 11:28 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":true,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_57c928.jpg\",\"title\":\"What is AGI, really? Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\",\"name\":\"What is AGI, really? Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\",\"alt_text\":\"What is AGI, really? Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\",\"description\":\"Representative image.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/ai-communicates-with-people-through-network-servers-gm1493180156-516953199?searchscope=image,film\\\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"LnOLJ4WPBg1pjxPKMDBE\\\"\u003eXH4D\u003c/span\u003e/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Sejal Sharma\",\"slug\":\"sejal-sharma\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/EwuSxftyWaVt.png\",\"page_url\":\"sejal-sharma\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/sejal-sharma\",\"description\":\"Sejal is a Delhi-based journalist, currently dedicated to reporting on technology and culture. She is particularly enthusiastic about covering artificial intelligence, the semiconductor industry and helping people understand the powers and pitfalls of technology. Outside of work, she likes to play badminton and spend time with her dogs. Feel free to email her for pitches or feedback on her work.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSejal Sharma is IE\u0026#8217;s AI columnist, offering deep dives into the world of artificial intelligence and its transformative impact across industries. Her bi-monthly AI Logs column explores the latest trends, breakthroughs, and ethical dilemmas in AI, delivering expert analysis and fresh insights. To stay informed, subscribe to our \u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/newsletters/ai-logs/subscribe\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"dofollow\\\"\u003eAI Logs newsletter\u003c/a\u003e for exclusive content.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eIf you look at some of cinema\u0026#8217;s greatest and most bone-chilling villains, HAL 9000 from Stanley Kubrick\u0026#8217;s 1968 Marvel \u003cem\u003e2001: A Space Odyssey \u003c/em\u003eeasily ranks among the top 10.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eHAL is one of the foremost portrayals of an artificial general intelligence (AGI), a human-level intellect or above in an artificial being. We never see him, but his words are creepily omnipresent in the film. \u0026#8220;I\u0026#8217;m sorry, Dave. I\u0026#8217;m afraid I can\u0026#8217;t do that,\u0026#8221; responds HAL to Dr David Bowman\u0026#8217;s request to re-enter the spacecraft, setting the stage for Bowman\u0026#8217;s slow and suffocating demise.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eHAL\u0026#8217;s calm yet increasingly menacing tone builds a sense of dread, reminiscent of when Sir Anthony Hopkins played Hannibal Lecter in 1991 and incidentally took inspiration from HAL.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eFast-forward to today, and HAL’s chilling presence feels uncomfortably relevant as big tech races to develop AGI. With industry leaders predicting its arrival within just a few years, the question arises: Are we building the next HAL? Or is true AGI still a distant dream clouded by challenges?\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$27\",\"$28\",\"$29\",\"$2a\",\"$2b\",\"$2c\",\"$2d\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, considering the pace of progress and the recent reports of AI models showing signs of slowing down, Altman\u0026#8217;s prediction of achieving AGI by 2025 seems ambitious. How could AGI be reached by jumping two levels within a year, especially when the current trajectory suggests that AI\u0026#8217;s rapid advancements may be facing roadblocks?\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eUltimately, as we continue to develop AI models, we may find ourselves in a situation similar to HAL 9000: a machine that seems to have intelligence yet remains somewhat distant from true human-like understanding. And with so many varying definitions of AGI, is there a chance that we might not recognize it when we finally see it?\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Representative image.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/ai-communicates-with-people-through-network-servers-gm1493180156-516953199?searchscope=image,film\\\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"LnOLJ4WPBg1pjxPKMDBE\\\"\u003eXH4D\u003c/span\u003e/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":true,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/post-123355-speech-20241126162744.mp3\"},{\"id\":123270,\"tags\":[\"Culture\",\"hominin\",\"paleontology\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Culture\",\"slug\":\"culture\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/culture\"},{\"name\":\"hominin\",\"slug\":\"hominin\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/hominin\"},{\"name\":\"paleontology\",\"slug\":\"paleontology\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/paleontology\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Science\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Science\",\"slug\":\"science\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/science\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$2e\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"science\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":8,\"title\":\"Extinct hominid from 200,000 year ago in China is likely new human species\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt’s time to reorganize our understanding of the first humans, according to research heads Christopher Bae and Wu Xiujie. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt’s time to reorganize our understanding of the first humans, according to research heads Christopher Bae and Wu Xiujie. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3535,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$2f\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/jaw-fossil-shows-hybrid-trait-of-ancient-and-modern-humans\\\"\u003eJaw fossil shows hybrid trait of ancient and modern humans\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/ai-and-chemical-analysis-reveal-early-humans-traveled-miles-for-flint\\\"\u003eAI and chemical analysis reveal early humans traveled miles for flint to make handaxes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/worlds-oldest-human-burial-site-found-south-africa\\\"\u003eWorld’s oldest-known human burial site found in South Africa\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"science/homo-juluensis-new-species-of-hominin-discovered-china\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T15:24:28\",\"timeAgo\":\"20 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T15:24:35\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 10:24 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 10:24 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screen-Shot-2024-11-26-at-9.14.40-PM.png\",\"title\":\"Extinct hominid from 200,000 year ago in China is likely new human species\",\"name\":\"Extinct hominid from 200,000 year ago in China is likely new human species\",\"alt_text\":\"Extinct hominid from 200,000 year ago in China is likely new human species\",\"description\":\"Skull, Ossuary\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://pixabay.com/photos/skull-ossuary-czech-republic-726253/\\\"\u003eZezya\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Maria Mocerino\",\"slug\":\"maria-mocerino\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b13b723c1c12c2feb2e14a19e63d68a9?s=96\u0026d=mm\u0026r=g\",\"page_url\":\"maria-mocerino\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/maria-mocerino\",\"description\":\"Originally from LA, Maria Mocerino has been published in Business Insider, The Irish Examiner, The Rogue Mag, Chacruna Institute for Psychedelic Plant Medicines, and now Interesting Engineering.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eA new species of hominin or humans has been discovered in Northern China with an unforgettable physical feature— large heads. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eEveryone knows the Neanderthals, homo sapiens, and Denisovans are amongst the first human species. The sapiens are considered the modern humans in that grouping that migrated out of Africa. However, according to research out of China, the number of prehistoric human species might be growing.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“The morphological diversity among late Quaternary hominin fossils from eastern Asia is greater than we expected,” the authors of a new study stated. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, “a number of new eastern Asian hominin taxa” have appeared on researcher’s radar over the past several decades. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAmong them, making headlines, is a new species that has been given an apt name \u0026#8211; Homo juluensis \u0026#8211; for their strikingly large heads. Ju Lu means “huge head\u0026#8221; in Chinese, as the \u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post\u003c/em\u003e reports. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe ancient human with an impressive head size is shaking up this area of science that lies at the foundation of us, humans. Study authors propose that the Denisovans are actually\u0026nbsp;Homo juluensis\u0026nbsp;and that this research contributes to the “decolonization” of the field so that Asia can assume its rightful place.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$30\",\"$31\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“The eastern Asian record is prompting us to recognize just how complex human evolution is more generally and really forcing us to revise and rethink our interpretations of various evolutionary models to better match the growing fossil record.”\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cfigure class=\\\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\\\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\\\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\\\"\u003e\\n\u003ciframe loading=\\\"lazy\\\" title=\\\"The Return of the Ekranoplan\\\" width=\\\"500\\\" height=\\\"281\\\" src=\\\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/q-hr-Qc4Dz0?feature=oembed\\\" frameborder=\\\"0\\\" allow=\\\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\\\" referrerpolicy=\\\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\\\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/homo-juluensis-new-species-of-hominin-discovered-china\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Skull, Ossuary\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://pixabay.com/photos/skull-ossuary-czech-republic-726253/\\\"\u003eZezya\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/jaw-fossil-shows-hybrid-trait-of-ancient-and-modern-humans\\\"\u003eJaw fossil shows hybrid trait of ancient and modern humans\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/ai-and-chemical-analysis-reveal-early-humans-traveled-miles-for-flint\\\"\u003eAI and chemical analysis reveal early humans traveled miles for flint to make handaxes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/worlds-oldest-human-burial-site-found-south-africa\\\"\u003eWorld’s oldest-known human burial site found in South Africa\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123280,\"tags\":[\"Agriculture\",\"AI\",\"Farming\",\"robot\",\"Soil Conservation\",\"Sustainability\",\"UK\",\"University of Plymouth\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Agriculture\",\"slug\":\"agriculture\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/agriculture\"},{\"name\":\"AI\",\"slug\":\"ai\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/ai\"},{\"name\":\"Farming\",\"slug\":\"farming\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/farming\"},{\"name\":\"robot\",\"slug\":\"robot\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/robot\"},{\"name\":\"Soil Conservation\",\"slug\":\"soil-conservation\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/soil-conservation\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"},{\"name\":\"UK\",\"slug\":\"uk\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/uk\"},{\"name\":\"University of Plymouth\",\"slug\":\"university-of-plymouth\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/university-of-plymouth\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Innovation\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Innovation\",\"slug\":\"innovation\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/innovation\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$32\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"innovation\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":5,\"title\":\"Gamma ray-detecting robot dogs can make agriculture more profitable for farmers\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe system measures soil radiation levels, offering a faster alternative to traditional methods with quicker, on-site results.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe system measures soil radiation levels, offering a faster alternative to traditional methods with quicker, on-site results.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":4987,\"readTime\":\"4 minutes\",\"body\":\"$33\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/engineers-create-robots-function-without-electricity\\\"\u003eEngineers create 1st robots capable of complex actions without electricity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/electrically-conductive-soil-boosts-growth-by-50-in-plants\\\"\u003eElectrically conductive soil boosts growth by 50% in plants\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\\\"\u003eChina scientists’ breakthrough flow battery hits 850 cycles, retains 99.95% capacity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch4 class=\\\"article-abstract content-sub-title body-large t-mt-2 headingSection_text_solid_secondary__z9nWA\\\"\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"innovation/robot-dogs-advance-soil-health-monitoring-in-uk\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T15:04:18\",\"timeAgo\":\"20 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T15:04:25\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 10:04 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 10:04 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T193826.433.jpg\",\"title\":\"Gamma ray-detecting robot dogs can make agriculture more profitable for farmers\",\"name\":\"Gamma ray-detecting robot dogs can make agriculture more profitable for farmers\",\"alt_text\":\"Gamma ray-detecting robot dogs can make agriculture more profitable for farmers\",\"description\":\"Tracked robots and quadrupeds are used to carry a sensor.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.robotriks.co.uk/rtu\\\"\u003eRobotriks\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Jijo Malayil\",\"slug\":\"jijo-malayil\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/SMgGAAR337pt.png\",\"page_url\":\"jijo-malayil\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/jijo-malayil\",\"description\":\"Jijo is an automotive and business journalist based in India. Armed with a BA in History (Honors) from St. Stephen's College, Delhi University, and a PG diploma in Journalism from the Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Delhi, he has worked for news agencies, national newspapers, and automotive magazines. In his spare time, he likes to go off-roading, engage in political discourse, travel, and teach languages.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eScientists are testing a new robotic technology to help farmers quickly assess soil health in the United Kingdom.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA gamma ray detector, developed by a local Cornish company, is being used to map soil quality on fields in Cornwell. The detector is mounted on tracked robots and quadrupeds for accessibility and quicker turnaround times. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAccording to a British news provider, the trial, which is being conducted in collaboration with the University of Plymouth, aims to provide farmers with more efficient ways to monitor soil conditions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe technology, which offers faster and more accurate results than traditional methods, could boost farm profitability.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$34\",\"$35\",\"$36\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Rowntree, collaborative efforts between researchers and farmers are vital for developing accessible tools to monitor soil health. These innovations support sustainable farming, ensuring soil preservation for future generations.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-dogs-advance-soil-health-monitoring-in-uk\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Tracked robots and quadrupeds are used to carry a sensor.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.robotriks.co.uk/rtu\\\"\u003eRobotriks\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/engineers-create-robots-function-without-electricity\\\"\u003eEngineers create 1st robots capable of complex actions without electricity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/electrically-conductive-soil-boosts-growth-by-50-in-plants\\\"\u003eElectrically conductive soil boosts growth by 50% in plants\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\\\"\u003eChina scientists’ breakthrough flow battery hits 850 cycles, retains 99.95% capacity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch4 class=\\\"article-abstract content-sub-title body-large t-mt-2 headingSection_text_solid_secondary__z9nWA\\\"\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123191,\"tags\":[\"Biology\",\"manta rays\",\"Sustainability\",\"water filter\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Biology\",\"slug\":\"biology\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/biology\"},{\"name\":\"manta rays\",\"slug\":\"manta-rays\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/manta-rays\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"},{\"name\":\"water 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minutes\",\"body\":\"$38\",\"related_content\":\"\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:15:19\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:15:27\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:15 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:15 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-2_71c5e8.jpg\",\"title\":\"MIT unveils manta ray-inspired water filter design for industrial plants\",\"name\":\"MIT unveils manta ray-inspired water filter design for industrial plants\",\"alt_text\":\"MIT unveils manta ray-inspired water filter design for industrial plants\",\"description\":\"Pictured are pieces of the filter. \",\"reference\":\"Jennifer Chu\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"slug\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/miPaTnXVs8LI.png\",\"page_url\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit\",\"description\":\"Mrigakshi is a science journalist who enjoys writing about space exploration, biology, and technological innovations. Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers often seek inspiration from natural systems to address technical problems.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eManta rays are filter feeders, sifting plankton from seawater as they swim.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eInspired by this natural filtering mechanism, MIT engineers have designed new water filters for industrial purposes.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThey studied how mobula rays — a fish family that includes manta and devil rays — filter feed.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe mobula ray\u0026#8217;s mouth is lined with comb-like structures called plates that create vortices. These vortices trap plankton particles, directing them into the ray\u0026#8217;s gullet.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$39\",\"$3a\",\"$3b\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Pictured are pieces of the filter. \",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"Jennifer Chu\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123264,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"Inventions and Machines\",\"Sustainability\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"Inventions and Machines\",\"slug\":\"inventions-and-machines\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/inventions-and-machines\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$3c\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt holds the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of the water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt holds the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of the water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3590,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$3d\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\\\"\u003eScientists cook clean hydrogen from agri-waste with 600% less energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\\\"\u003eSwiss iron reactors store hydrogen 10x cheaper, safer, longer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/does-hydrogen-have-a-future-as-a-clean-energy-source\\\"\u003eDoes hydrogen have a future as a clean energy source?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:14:23\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:14:30\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:14 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:14 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_448eae.jpg\",\"title\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"name\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"alt_text\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"description\":\"Hydrolysis and possible applications.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\\\"\u003eDALL-E\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"slug\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/miPaTnXVs8LI.png\",\"page_url\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit\",\"description\":\"Mrigakshi is a science journalist who enjoys writing about space exploration, biology, and technological innovations. Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen is increasingly seen as an important element in the transition to a low-carbon future. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eNow, researchers have discovered a new approach to improve the efficiency of water splitting, a process that produces clean hydrogen fuel.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eMax Planck Institute researchers used a special type of crystal called\u0026nbsp;topological chiral crystals.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals, with their unique chiral structure, possess extraordinary quantum properties. They can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$3e\",\"$3f\",\"$40\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003ca href=\\\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01674-9\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNature Energy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Hydrolysis and possible applications.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\\\"\u003eDALL-E\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\\\"\u003eScientists cook clean hydrogen from agri-waste with 600% less energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\\\"\u003eSwiss iron reactors store hydrogen 10x cheaper, safer, longer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/does-hydrogen-have-a-future-as-a-clean-energy-source\\\"\u003eDoes hydrogen have a future as a clean energy source?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123262,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"microreactor\",\"Nuclear\",\"nuclear energy\",\"Nuclear Fusion\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"microreactor\",\"slug\":\"microreactor\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/microreactor\"},{\"name\":\"Nuclear\",\"slug\":\"nuclear\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear\"},{\"name\":\"nuclear energy\",\"slug\":\"nuclear-energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear-energy\"},{\"name\":\"Nuclear Fusion\",\"slug\":\"nuclear-fusion\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear-fusion\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$41\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe eVinci microreactor can operate for eight years without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe eVinci microreactor can operate for eight years without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":4271,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$42\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\\\"\u003eeVinci: US firm’s milestone 5MW nuclear microreactor ready for 2026 testing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-do-floating-nuclear-power-plants-work\\\"\u003eHow Do Floating Nuclear Power Plants Work?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\\\"\u003eA Company Is Producing Thousands of Cheap, Floating Nuclear Reactors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:07:10\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:07:18\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:07 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:07 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/core-power-nuclear.jpg\",\"title\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"name\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"alt_text\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"description\":\"Renders of CORE POWER and Westinghouse's technologies.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\\\"\u003eBusiness Wire\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Chris Young\",\"slug\":\"chris-young\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/6UKotck4r9pz.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"chris-young\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/chris-young\",\"description\":\"Chris Young is a journalist, copywriter, blogger and tech geek at heart who\u0026rsquo;s reported on the likes of the Mobile World Congress, written for Lifehack, The Culture Trip, Flydoscope and some of the world\u0026rsquo;s biggest tech companies, including NEC and Thales, about robots, satellites and other world-changing innovations.\u0026nbsp;\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company and CORE POWER have announced a cooperative agreement to jointly design and develop a floating nuclear power plant (FNPP). The companies will use Westinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci nuclear microreactor as the foundation for the FNPP. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Westinghouse, eVinci is capable of operating for eight years without refueling. That reliability, as well as the flexibility of shipping deployment, will make it a potent energy source.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$43\",\"$44\",\"$45\",\"$46\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Renders of CORE POWER and Westinghouse's technologies.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\\\"\u003eBusiness Wire\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n 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Reactors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123273,\"tags\":[\"Battery\",\"battery design\",\"Blade battery\",\"BYD\",\"China\",\"EV battery\",\"South Korea\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Battery\",\"slug\":\"battery\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/battery\"},{\"name\":\"battery design\",\"slug\":\"battery-design\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/battery-design\"},{\"name\":\"Blade 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href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/uber-partners-byd-evs\\\"\u003eBYD trumps Tesla: China EV maker signs deal with Uber for 100,000 cars\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"transportation/byd-blade-battery-second-gen-unveiling\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:05:49\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:05:57\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:05 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:05 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-97.png\",\"title\":\"BYD’s next-gen Blade battery for safer, more powerful EVs to launch in 2025\",\"name\":\"BYD’s next-gen Blade battery for safer, more powerful EVs to launch in 2025\",\"alt_text\":\"BYD’s 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It means each cell can be directly packed without the need for module packing, allowing for more cells to be added.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, it can also enhance the structural strength of the EVs by serving as a reinforcement material for their frames.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003ch2 class=\\\"wp-block-heading\\\" id=\\\"h-additional-benefits\\\"\u003eAdditional benefits\u003c/h2\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe company also states that the Blade batteries have lower production costs compared to NMC (Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide) battery.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eIts decomposition temperature is around 518 degree Fahrenheit (270 degree Celsius) as compared to the NMC’s 410 degree Fahrenheit (210 degree Celsius) and NCA’s 302 degree Fahrenheit (150 degree Celsius).\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$4a\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/byd-blade-battery-second-gen-unveiling\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Stock image of BYD Blade Battery.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.bydbdautogroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BYD-Battery-768x427.webp\\\"\u003eBYD Auto\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/apple-byd-long-range-ev-battery-success\\\"\u003eApple’s secret BYD collaboration pioneered long-range EV battery technology\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/ubtechs-walker-s1-begins-factory-work-at-byd\\\"\u003eChina: Walker S1 humanoid robot starts manual jobs at world’s largest EV maker\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/uber-partners-byd-evs\\\"\u003eBYD trumps Tesla: China EV maker signs deal with Uber for 100,000 cars\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123303,\"tags\":[\"Inventions and Machines\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Inventions and 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href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/huawei-ai-chips-power-china-next-generation-surgery-technology\\\"\u003eHuawei AI chips to power China’s next-gen surgery tech for medical breakthroughs\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv role=\\\"heading\\\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/div\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T13:52:25\",\"timeAgo\":\"a day ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-27T08:17:17\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 08:52 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 27, 2024 03:17 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-98.png\",\"title\":\"China’s US quarter-sized microcomputer has 3 cores to counter hackers\",\"name\":\"China’s US quarter-sized microcomputer has 3 cores to counter hackers\",\"alt_text\":\"China’s US quarter-sized microcomputer has 3 cores to counter hackers\",\"description\":\"Representational image of a US quarter dollar coin alongside a chip.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/cost-of-memory-gm95551004-948735?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"slug\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/miPaTnXVs8LI.png\",\"page_url\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit\",\"description\":\"Mrigakshi is a science journalist who enjoys writing about space exploration, biology, and technological innovations. Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eIn recent decades, the world has become increasingly interconnected — thanks to the rapid advancement in digital technology.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, there is a dark side to it too, cyber threat, which poses a serious risk to digital security.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThat’s why, the need for robust cybersecurity technology has never been greater.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-worlds-most-energy-efficient-ai-chips\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"dofollow\\\"\u003eChina\u003c/a\u003e’s Purple Mountain Laboratories has unveiled a new high-tech “microcomputer.” This tiny powerhouse promises to advance the way we think about security. It\u0026#8217;s a state-of-the-art security device, engineered to resist advanced cyber threats.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$4d\",\"$4e\",\"$4f\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eIt took two years for the Purple Mountain Laboratories to develop this high-tech MCU.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eFounded in 2018, the government lab is at the forefront of network security research, collaborating with industry leaders.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe MCU project is a national initiative led by State Grid.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-us-quarter-sized-microcomputer-has-3-cores-to-counter-hackers\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Representational image of a US quarter dollar coin alongside a chip.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/cost-of-memory-gm95551004-948735?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch3 class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/new-microchip-material-is-10-times-stronger-than-kevlar\\\"\u003eNew microchip material is 10 times stronger than Kevlar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch3 class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-worlds-most-energy-efficient-ai-chips\\\"\u003eChina develops 'world's most energy-efficient AI chips'\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"lSfe4c r5bEn aI5QMe\\\"\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"SoAPf\\\"\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"n0jPhd ynAwRc MBeuO nDgy9d\\\" role=\\\"heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/huawei-ai-chips-power-china-next-generation-surgery-technology\\\"\u003eHuawei AI chips to power China’s next-gen surgery tech for medical breakthroughs\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv role=\\\"heading\\\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/div\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123287,\"tags\":[\"carbon black\",\"climate change\",\"plastic\",\"plastic recycling\",\"polystyrene\",\"Recycling\",\"solar recycling\",\"solar tech\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"carbon black\",\"slug\":\"carbon-black\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/carbon-black\"},{\"name\":\"climate 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agent. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3752,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$51\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-vaporizing-plastics-could-save-a-failing-recycling-industry\\\"\u003eHow vaporizing plastics could be key to saving a failing recycling industry\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/tough-plastics-sustainably-broken-down\\\"\u003eTough plastics broken down sustainably with common chemical, sunlight, air\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastics-turned-into-graphene\\\"\u003ePlastics turned into 200x stronger material than steel, can be used in industries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"innovation/scientists-use-sunlight-to-convert-plastic-waste\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T13:24:21\",\"timeAgo\":\"a day ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T13:24:30\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 08:24 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 08:24 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T180140.110.jpg\",\"title\":\"Scientists use sunlight to convert stubborn plastic waste into reusable material\",\"name\":\"Scientists use sunlight to convert stubborn plastic waste into reusable material\",\"alt_text\":\"Scientists use sunlight to convert stubborn plastic waste into reusable material\",\"description\":\"nside this reaction vial, spotlit by concentrated sunlight, a piece of black polystyrene from a foam tray breaks down into a recyclable material.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2024/november/using-sunlight-to-recycle-black-plastics.html\\\"\u003eHanning Jiang\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Srishti Gupta\",\"slug\":\"srishti-gupta\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b86d098e343666fd88066a3a660a1471?s=96\u0026d=mm\u0026r=g\",\"page_url\":\"srishti-gupta\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/srishti-gupta\",\"description\":\"Srishti studied English literature at the University of Delhi and has since then realized it's not her cup of tea. She has been an editor in every space and content type imaginable, from children's books to journal articles. She enjoys popular culture, reading contemporary fiction and nonfiction, crafts, and spending time with her cats. With a keen interest in science, Srishti is particularly drawn to beats covering medicine, sustainability, gene studies, and anything biology-related.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eBlack polystyrene, widely used in food containers, coffee lids, and packaging, is notoriously hard to recycle. Its dark color, achieved with carbon black pigment, thwarts optical scanners used in recycling plants, and the pigment complicates conventional recycling methods. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eNow, scientists from Cornell and Princeton universities have developed a groundbreaking method that uses sunlight and carbon black itself to transform this challenging waste into reusable materials.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$52\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eOne promising alternative, photothermal conversion, uses light to heat plastics through a helper compound that converts light into localized heat. However, the inclusion of these compounds raises concerns about generating additional waste or altering the properties of the plastic during its initial use.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003ch2 class=\\\"wp-block-heading\\\" id=\\\"h-a-new-approach-using-carbon-black\\\"\u003eA new approach using carbon black\u003c/h2\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eInstead of introducing external compounds, the researchers leveraged carbon black, already embedded in black polystyrene, as the heat-converting agent. This approach eliminates the need for additional additives while utilizing a component that was previously considered an obstacle.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eIn their experiments, the team ground lab-made black polystyrene into a fine powder and placed it under high-intensity white LED lights. The carbon black absorbed the light, generating localized heat that broke the polystyrene into smaller molecules known as styrenes. \u003c/p\u003e\",\"$53\",\"$54\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/scientists-use-sunlight-to-convert-plastic-waste\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"nside this reaction vial, spotlit by concentrated sunlight, a piece of black polystyrene from a foam tray breaks down into a recyclable material.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2024/november/using-sunlight-to-recycle-black-plastics.html\\\"\u003eHanning Jiang\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-vaporizing-plastics-could-save-a-failing-recycling-industry\\\"\u003eHow vaporizing plastics could be key to saving a failing recycling industry\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/tough-plastics-sustainably-broken-down\\\"\u003eTough plastics broken down sustainably with common chemical, sunlight, air\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastics-turned-into-graphene\\\"\u003ePlastics turned into 200x stronger material than steel, can be used in industries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123178,\"tags\":[\"Brakes\",\"Clean Mobility\",\"Electric Vehicle\",\"EV\",\"In-Drive Brake\",\"Mercedes Benz\",\"Regenerative Braking\",\"Sustainability\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Brakes\",\"slug\":\"brakes\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/brakes\"},{\"name\":\"Clean Mobility\",\"slug\":\"clean-mobility\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/clean-mobility\"},{\"name\":\"Electric 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calipers with a circular brake pad on the motor\u0026#8217;s output shaft, pressing against a water-cooled ring.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3607,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$56\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/battery-80-charge-15-minutes\\\"\u003eBreakthrough EV battery tech achieves 0 to 80% charge in just 15 minutes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/a-team-of-mechanics-built-a-how-to-air-brake-for-a-lada\\\"\u003eA team of mechanics built a DIY air brake for a Lada\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/discovery-law-of-friction-minimizes-energy-loss\\\"\u003eDiscovery of a law of friction leads to a material that minimizes energy loss\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"t-mb-4 t-mt-5 video-embed-content t-relative\\\"\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch4 class=\\\"article-abstract content-sub-title body-large t-mt-2 headingSection_text_solid_secondary__z9nWA\\\"\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/div\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T13:06:56\",\"timeAgo\":\"a day ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T13:07:03\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 08:06 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 08:07 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T155712.838.jpg\",\"title\":\"Mercedes unleashes new EV braking system to push electric power and performance\",\"name\":\"Mercedes unleashes new EV braking system to push electric power and performance\",\"alt_text\":\"Mercedes unleashes new EV braking system to push electric power and performance\",\"description\":\"There is no traditional caliper; instead, scrubbing speed is generated by pressing the circular brake pad against the stationary disk.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/search/2/image-film?phrase=mercedes\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Jijo Malayil\",\"slug\":\"jijo-malayil\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/SMgGAAR337pt.png\",\"page_url\":\"jijo-malayil\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/jijo-malayil\",\"description\":\"Jijo is an automotive and business journalist based in India. Armed with a BA in History (Honors) from St. Stephen's College, Delhi University, and a PG diploma in Journalism from the Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Delhi, he has worked for news agencies, national newspapers, and automotive magazines. In his spare time, he likes to go off-roading, engage in political discourse, travel, and teach languages.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eGerman carmaker Mercedes Benz has proposed a more efficient braking system for electric vehicles (EVs).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe concept, called \u0026#8216;In-Drive Brakes\u0026#8217;, relocates the braking system from the wheels to the electric drive motor. Positioned where the half-shafts connect, the innovative design integrates the brakes directly into the motor assembly.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Mercedes system replaces calipers with a circular brake pad mounted on the electric motor\u0026#8217;s output shaft. The pad presses against a stationary, water-cooled ring within a sealed enclosure.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhile the prototype demonstrates this approach on the rear axle, it has the potential to function on both the front and rear axles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAccording to Mercedes, the innovation offers better ride quality, cleaner streets by containing brake dust, and streamlined wheel designs for improved aerodynamics.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$57\",\"$58\",\"$59\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"There is no traditional caliper; instead, scrubbing speed is generated by pressing the circular brake pad against the stationary disk.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/search/2/image-film?phrase=mercedes\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/battery-80-charge-15-minutes\\\"\u003eBreakthrough EV battery tech achieves 0 to 80% charge in just 15 minutes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/a-team-of-mechanics-built-a-how-to-air-brake-for-a-lada\\\"\u003eA team of mechanics built a DIY air brake for a Lada\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/discovery-law-of-friction-minimizes-energy-loss\\\"\u003eDiscovery of a law of friction leads to a material that minimizes energy loss\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"t-mb-4 t-mt-5 video-embed-content t-relative\\\"\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch4 class=\\\"article-abstract content-sub-title body-large t-mt-2 headingSection_text_solid_secondary__z9nWA\\\"\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/div\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"}],\"recommendations\":[{\"id\":123474,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$5a\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe newly developed Li-S battery reached an energy density of 400 Wh/kg nearly twice that of a Li-ion battery. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe newly developed Li-S battery reached an energy density of 400 Wh/kg nearly twice that of a Li-ion battery. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3692,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$5b\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-battery-works-cut-china\\\"\u003eChina creates Li-S battery that works even after being cut in half\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/smu-long-lasting-renewable-ev-batteries\\\"\u003eLi-S EV batteries last longer with higher energy using SMU method\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/healable-cathode-lithium-sulfur-batteries\\\"\u003eHealable cathode to advance solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-27T11:11:30\",\"timeAgo\":\"22 minutes ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-27T11:11:37\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 27, 2024 06:11 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 27, 2024 06:11 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT.jpg\",\"title\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"name\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"alt_text\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"description\":\"Representational stock image of an air taxi. \",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/autonomous-driverless-aerial-vehicle-fly-across-city-3d-render-gm1394560521-449995334?searchscope=image,film\\\"\u003eKinwun/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Ameya Paleja\",\"slug\":\"ameya-paleja\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/Uy0OTzksC7lW.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"ameya-paleja\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/ameya-paleja\",\"description\":\"Ameya is a science writer based in Hyderabad, India. A Molecular Biologist at heart, he traded the micropipette to write about science during the pandemic and does not want to go back. He likes to write about genetics, microbes, technology, and public policy.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers at Monash University in Australia have developed ultra-fast-charging lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries that could soon power long-range electric vehicles and flying air taxis. The newly developed batteries deliver twice the energy density of a conventional lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, according to a university press release.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eInvented in the 1980s, lithium-ion batteries are now the mainstay of energy storage for small electronic devices or large electric vehicles. Even renewable energy storage banks on lithium-ion batteries due to their superior energy density and storage capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$5c\",\"$5d\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eNot only does the addition of the catalyst reduce charging times, but it also makes the batteries safer, as they were previously prone to short circuits and fires. Li-S batteries are also environmentally more sustainable since they do not require cobalt, whose extraction is an energy-intensive process. Sulfur is widely available and inexpensive.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“Imagine an electric vehicle that can travel from Melbourne to Sydney on a single charge or a smartphone that charges in minutes — we’re on the cusp of making this a reality,” added Petar Jovanović, a research fellow at Monash University and co-lead author of the paper which published the research findings in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202403092\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"\u003eAdvanced Engineering Materials\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Representational stock image of an air taxi. \",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/autonomous-driverless-aerial-vehicle-fly-across-city-3d-render-gm1394560521-449995334?searchscope=image,film\\\"\u003eKinwun/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-battery-works-cut-china\\\"\u003eChina creates Li-S battery that works even after being cut in half\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/smu-long-lasting-renewable-ev-batteries\\\"\u003eLi-S EV batteries last longer with higher energy using SMU method\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/healable-cathode-lithium-sulfur-batteries\\\"\u003eHealable cathode to advance solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123264,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"Inventions and Machines\",\"Sustainability\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"Inventions and Machines\",\"slug\":\"inventions-and-machines\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/inventions-and-machines\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$5e\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt holds the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of the water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt holds the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of the water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3590,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$5f\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\\\"\u003eScientists cook clean hydrogen from agri-waste with 600% less energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\\\"\u003eSwiss iron reactors store hydrogen 10x cheaper, safer, longer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/does-hydrogen-have-a-future-as-a-clean-energy-source\\\"\u003eDoes hydrogen have a future as a clean energy source?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:14:23\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:14:30\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:14 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:14 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_448eae.jpg\",\"title\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"name\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"alt_text\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"description\":\"Hydrolysis and possible applications.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\\\"\u003eDALL-E\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"slug\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/miPaTnXVs8LI.png\",\"page_url\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit\",\"description\":\"Mrigakshi is a science journalist who enjoys writing about space exploration, biology, and technological innovations. Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen is increasingly seen as an important element in the transition to a low-carbon future. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eNow, researchers have discovered a new approach to improve the efficiency of water splitting, a process that produces clean hydrogen fuel.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eMax Planck Institute researchers used a special type of crystal called\u0026nbsp;topological chiral crystals.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals, with their unique chiral structure, possess extraordinary quantum properties. They can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$60\",\"$61\",\"$62\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003ca href=\\\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01674-9\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNature Energy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Hydrolysis and possible applications.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\\\"\u003eDALL-E\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\\\"\u003eScientists cook clean hydrogen from agri-waste with 600% less energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\\\"\u003eSwiss iron reactors store hydrogen 10x cheaper, safer, longer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/does-hydrogen-have-a-future-as-a-clean-energy-source\\\"\u003eDoes hydrogen have a future as a clean energy source?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123262,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"microreactor\",\"Nuclear\",\"nuclear energy\",\"Nuclear Fusion\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"microreactor\",\"slug\":\"microreactor\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/microreactor\"},{\"name\":\"Nuclear\",\"slug\":\"nuclear\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear\"},{\"name\":\"nuclear energy\",\"slug\":\"nuclear-energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear-energy\"},{\"name\":\"Nuclear Fusion\",\"slug\":\"nuclear-fusion\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear-fusion\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$63\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe eVinci microreactor can operate for eight years without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe eVinci microreactor can operate for eight years without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":4271,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$64\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\\\"\u003eeVinci: US firm’s milestone 5MW nuclear microreactor ready for 2026 testing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-do-floating-nuclear-power-plants-work\\\"\u003eHow Do Floating Nuclear Power Plants Work?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\\\"\u003eA Company Is Producing Thousands of Cheap, Floating Nuclear Reactors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:07:10\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:07:18\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:07 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:07 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/core-power-nuclear.jpg\",\"title\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"name\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"alt_text\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"description\":\"Renders of CORE POWER and Westinghouse's technologies.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\\\"\u003eBusiness Wire\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Chris Young\",\"slug\":\"chris-young\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/6UKotck4r9pz.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"chris-young\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/chris-young\",\"description\":\"Chris Young is a journalist, copywriter, blogger and tech geek at heart who\u0026rsquo;s reported on the likes of the Mobile World Congress, written for Lifehack, The Culture Trip, Flydoscope and some of the world\u0026rsquo;s biggest tech companies, including NEC and Thales, about robots, satellites and other world-changing innovations.\u0026nbsp;\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company and CORE POWER have announced a cooperative agreement to jointly design and develop a floating nuclear power plant (FNPP). The companies will use Westinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci nuclear microreactor as the foundation for the FNPP. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Westinghouse, eVinci is capable of operating for eight years without refueling. That reliability, as well as the flexibility of shipping deployment, will make it a potent energy source.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$65\",\"$66\",\"$67\",\"$68\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Renders of CORE POWER and Westinghouse's technologies.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\\\"\u003eBusiness Wire\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\\\"\u003eeVinci: US firm’s milestone 5MW nuclear microreactor ready for 2026 testing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-do-floating-nuclear-power-plants-work\\\"\u003eHow Do Floating Nuclear Power Plants Work?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\\\"\u003eA Company Is Producing Thousands of Cheap, Floating Nuclear Reactors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123031,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; 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Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eRenewable energy sources like wind and solar power are essential for a greener future—but they’re inherently unpredictable.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eFluctuating wind speeds and sunlight variations make these energy sources inconsistent, creating a pressing need for efficient energy storage systems. Enter the race for advanced batteries that can reliably store intermittent energy over the long term.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAt the University of Wisconsin-Madison, engineers have found a novel way to store energy using an additive-based tech.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$6b\",\"$6c\",\"$6d\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08079-4\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"\u003eNature\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/bromide-flow-battery-grid-energy\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"UW-Madison researchers has developed this new additive. \",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://engineering.wisc.edu/news/engineered-additive-makes-low-cost-renewable-energy-storage-a-possibility/\\\"\u003eUW-Madison\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/electric-flow-batteries-evs\\\"\u003eElectric without batteries: Are flow batteries the future of EVs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca style=\\\"font-size: 16px\\\" href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\\\"\u003eChina scientists’ breakthrough flow battery hits 850 cycles, retains 99.95% capacity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"n0jPhd ynAwRc MBeuO nDgy9d\\\" role=\\\"heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/vanadium-free-redox-battery\\\"\u003eEnergy density of redox flow battery doubled with vanadium substitute\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":122929,\"tags\":[\"Biofuel\",\"Caribbean\",\"CO2\",\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"Fossil fuels\",\"fuel\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Biofuel\",\"slug\":\"biofuel\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/biofuel\"},{\"name\":\"Caribbean\",\"slug\":\"caribbean\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/caribbean\"},{\"name\":\"CO2\",\"slug\":\"co2\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/co2\"},{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"Fossil fuels\",\"slug\":\"fossil-fuels\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/fossil-fuels\"},{\"name\":\"fuel\",\"slug\":\"fuel\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/fuel\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$6e\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"Engineers turn rotten seaweed into car fuel, aim to cut 14 million-ton of CO2\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eSeaweed is showing up on Caribbean beaches and cleaning up costs are in millions of dollars. But this waste can be turned into precious fuels. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eSeaweed is showing up on Caribbean beaches and cleaning up costs are in millions of dollars. But this waste can be turned into precious fuels. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3354,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$6f\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/sea-bricks-ceo-john-richardson-sustainable-alternative-construction-sea\\\"\u003eCould seaweed bricks provide the key to more sustainable construction at sea?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/amazon-tests-carbon-removal-seaweed-farm\\\"\u003eAmazon tests carbon removal with seaweed farming between wind turbines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/health/electronic-device-seaweed-monitor-health\\\"\u003eAn edible electronic device made from seaweed will track your health\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/seaweed-biofuel-cars-barbados\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-25T11:15:23\",\"timeAgo\":\"2 days ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-25T11:43:11\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 25, 2024 06:15 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 25, 2024 06:43 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SW.jpg\",\"title\":\"Engineers turn rotten seaweed into car fuel, aim to cut 14 million-ton of CO2\",\"name\":\"Engineers turn rotten seaweed into car fuel, aim to cut 14 million-ton of CO2\",\"alt_text\":\"Engineers turn rotten seaweed into car fuel, aim to cut 14 million-ton of CO2\",\"description\":\"Stock image of seaweed removed from the ocean. \",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/seaweed-fresh-from-the-ocean-in-the-sunlight-gm1454974913-490457425?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Ameya Paleja\",\"slug\":\"ameya-paleja\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/Uy0OTzksC7lW.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"ameya-paleja\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/ameya-paleja\",\"description\":\"Ameya is a science writer based in Hyderabad, India. 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href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/sea-bricks-ceo-john-richardson-sustainable-alternative-construction-sea\\\"\u003eCould seaweed bricks provide the key to more sustainable construction at sea?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/amazon-tests-carbon-removal-seaweed-farm\\\"\u003eAmazon tests carbon removal with seaweed farming between wind turbines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/health/electronic-device-seaweed-monitor-health\\\"\u003eAn edible electronic device made from seaweed will track your health\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"}],\"popular\":[{\"id\":123179,\"tags\":[\"Animals\",\"Archaelogy\",\"Culture\",\"Fossils\",\"Lizard\",\"paleontology\",\"worm 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Chirinos\u003c/a\u003e.\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Maria Mocerino\",\"slug\":\"maria-mocerino\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b13b723c1c12c2feb2e14a19e63d68a9?s=96\u0026d=mm\u0026r=g\",\"page_url\":\"maria-mocerino\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/maria-mocerino\",\"description\":\"Originally from LA, Maria Mocerino has been published in Business Insider, The Irish Examiner, The Rogue Mag, Chacruna Institute for Psychedelic Plant Medicines, and now Interesting Engineering.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers in Tunisia found the largest “worm lizard” that has ever lived with a feeding strategy that has remained consistent for millions of years.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe recently identified \u003cem\u003eTerastiodontosaurus marcelosanchezi\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;existed a whopping 50 million years ago at a time when warm temperatures might have encouraged its astonishing growth. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eSlithering up to three feet long, the reptile belongs to a new genus and species of\u0026nbsp;amphisbaenians, a “charismatic group” of “legless lizards” that has “attracted and puzzled researchers since the 19\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;century.” \u003c/p\u003e\",\"$75\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“Our discovery from Tunisia, with an estimated skull length exceeding five centimeters, is the largest known worm lizard species,” Dr. Georgios L. Georgalis, the research head, explained. “All evidence indicates that the new species is related to the modern-day checkerboard worm lizard.” \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eUsing micro-computed tomography, they assessed the anatomy of the new taxon against other\u0026nbsp;amphisbaenians. The\u0026nbsp;Terastiodontosaurus\u0026nbsp;showed an “extreme dental morphology, including one massive tooth on the maxilla and dentary, flat cheek teeth, and an array of other diagnostic features that readily differentiate from all other amphisbaenians.”\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“Visually, you can imagine the animal as a ‘sandworm’ from the ‘Dune’ science fiction novels and their movie adaptation. 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He likes to write about genetics, microbes, technology, and public policy.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers at the Institute of Science Tokyo, in collaboration with Yokohama National University, Nippon Nuclear Fuel Development, and the National Institute for Fusion Science, tested Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) alloys with liquid metal flow at 1112°F (600°C) to simulate a fusion blanket environment. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe anti-corrosive properties of the alloys demonstrated in these tests will help develop the material durability of nuclear fusion reactors. 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implant.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7o39CzHgug\u0026amp;t=54s\\\"\u003eYouTube/Neuralink\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\",\"slug\":\"abhishek-bhardwaj\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fbcdcc4743ba51aaf4b00bb079bffc78?s=96\u0026d=mm\u0026r=g\",\"page_url\":\"abhishek-bhardwaj\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/abhishek-bhardwaj\",\"description\":\"Abhishek brings a wealth of experience in covering diverse stories across different beats. 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\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe new afterburner technology also reduces engine wear by as much as 80%. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe new afterburner technology also reduces engine wear by as much as 80%. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3586,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$83\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/this-jet-engine-afterburner-puts-other-go-karts-to-shame\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eThis Jet Engine Afterburner Puts Other Go-Karts to Shame\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/how-a-jet-engine-works\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eHow a Jet Engine Works\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/worlds-most-powerful-jet-engines-repaired\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eHere is how the world’s most powerful jet engines are repaired\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T10:33:22\",\"timeAgo\":\"a day ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T10:38:00\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 05:33 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 05:38 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Chinese-afterburner.jpg\",\"title\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; \",\"name\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; \",\"alt_text\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; \",\"description\":\"Stock image of an F-22 \\\"Raptor\\\" with its afterburners engaged.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/stealth-fighter-jet-with-afterburners-and-clipping-path-gm187055847-26579617?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Christopher McFadden\",\"slug\":\"christopher-mcfadden\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/XT3vqpiaHT53.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"christopher-mcfadden\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/christopher-mcfadden\",\"description\":\"Christopher graduated from Cardiff University in 2004 with a Masters Degree in Geology. Since then, he has worked exclusively within the Built Environment, Occupational Health and Safety and Environmental Consultancy industries. He is a qualified and accredited Energy Consultant, Green Deal Assessor and Practitioner member of IEMA. Chris\u0026rsquo;s main interests range from Science and Engineering, Military and Ancient History to Politics and Philosophy.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eChinese scientists have developed what they claim to be the world\u0026#8217;s first near-100% efficient jet engine afterburner. If true, this new technology could give Chinese jet aircraft a significant \u0026#8216;edge in air combat.\u0026#8217;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eDeveloped by researchers at the Aero Engine Academy of China in Beijing, the new afterburner technology has a burn efficiency of over 99%. 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href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/this-jet-engine-afterburner-puts-other-go-karts-to-shame\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eThis Jet Engine Afterburner Puts Other Go-Karts to Shame\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/how-a-jet-engine-works\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eHow a Jet Engine Works\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/worlds-most-powerful-jet-engines-repaired\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eHere is how the world’s most powerful jet engines are 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California.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eHouston\u0026#8217;s Fervo Energy will use its innovative geothermal technology to provide clean power to 350,000 homes across Southern California.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":663,\"readTime\":\"7 minutes\",\"body\":\"$88\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/one-company-has-a-plan-to-cool-the-planet-use-earths-own-heat-to-help\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eOne company has a plan to cool the planet — use Earth’s own heat to help\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/commercial-scale-geothermal-energy-production\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eUS startup claims ‘commercial scale’ geothermal energy production after 30-day demo\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/2gw-geothermal-project-approved\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eWorld’s largest 2 GW geothermal project approved in US, to power 2 million homes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-16T15:26:48\",\"timeAgo\":\"11 days ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-17T08:31:57\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 16, 2024 10:26 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 17, 2024 03:31 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":true,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/fervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg\",\"title\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"name\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"alt_text\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"description\":\"Aerial image of the Fervo Energy's geothermal power plant.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Christopher McFadden\",\"slug\":\"christopher-mcfadden\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/XT3vqpiaHT53.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"christopher-mcfadden\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/christopher-mcfadden\",\"description\":\"Christopher graduated from Cardiff University in 2004 with a Masters Degree in Geology. Since then, he has worked exclusively within the Built Environment, Occupational Health and Safety and Environmental Consultancy industries. He is a qualified and accredited Energy Consultant, Green Deal Assessor and Practitioner member of IEMA. Chris\u0026rsquo;s main interests range from Science and Engineering, Military and Ancient History to Politics and Philosophy.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eWhat if we told you that beneath our very feet, there is a near-endless, free source of heat energy just waiting to be tapped? Called geothermal energy, the heat within the planet we live on can be used in multiple ways, and more importantly, in electricity production.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAs the urgency to combat climate change and reduce carbon emissions increases, renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly essential. While solar and wind power have received wide recognition, geothermal energy is gaining attention as a reliable and less variable option.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$89\",\"$8a\",\"$8b\",\"$8c\",\"$8d\",\"$8e\",\"$8f\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“Geothermal stands as the dependable and adaptable solution essential for California\u0026#8217;s journey towards a fully decarbonized grid,” said Dawn Owens, VP and head of development \u0026amp; commercial markets for Fervo Energy.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“As electrification increases and climate change burdens fragile infrastructure, geothermal will only play a bigger role in US power markets. Fervo looks forward to continuing to meet these needs, providing firm, clean power to help balance California’s energy portfolio,\u0026#8221; she added.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eLooking ahead, the role of geothermal energy is expected to grow as innovations reduce costs and improve accessibility. Enhanced geothermal systems, such as those developed by Fervo Energy, could make geothermal resources available in regions previously considered unsuitable.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThis development will be essential for creating a more balanced and resilient renewable energy grid capable of delivering base-load power without carbon emissions.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Aerial image of the Fervo Energy's geothermal power plant.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-announces-320-mw-power-purchase-agreements-with-southern-california-edison/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eFervo Energy\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/one-company-has-a-plan-to-cool-the-planet-use-earths-own-heat-to-help\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eOne company has a plan to cool the planet — use Earth’s own heat to help\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/commercial-scale-geothermal-energy-production\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eUS startup claims ‘commercial scale’ geothermal energy production after 30-day demo\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/2gw-geothermal-project-approved\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eWorld’s largest 2 GW geothermal project approved in US, to power 2 million homes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":true,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/post-117973-speech-20241115184249.mp3\"},\"jobs\":[{\"id\":\"132280331\",\"title\":\"Senior Technology Engineer (Continuous Integration)\",\"url\":\"https://jobs.interestingengineering.com/job/senior-technology-engineer-continuous-integration-2-at-the-travelers-companies-inc-2?source=mini_export\",\"location\":{\"country\":\"United States\",\"address\":\"Atlanta\",\"country_short\":\"US\",\"post_code\":\"30301\",\"state\":\"GA\",\"city\":\"Atlanta\"},\"company\":{\"name\":\"The Travelers Companies, Inc.\",\"logo\":\"https://d1avm1cbyhi830.cloudfront.net/fit-in/images2/topic/new/the-travelers-companies-inc-2-logo-1625843449996.jpeg\"},\"salary\":\"$$91,300 - $150,600 a year\"},{\"id\":\"132294917\",\"title\":\"Cloud Systems Engineer\",\"url\":\"https://jobs.interestingengineering.com/job/cloud-systems-engineer-at-therapynotescom-1?source=mini_export\",\"location\":{\"country\":\"United States\",\"address\":\"Charlotte\",\"country_short\":\"US\",\"post_code\":[],\"state\":\"NC\",\"city\":\"Charlotte\"},\"company\":{\"name\":\"TherapyNotes.com\",\"logo\":\"https://d1avm1cbyhi830.cloudfront.net/fit-in/images2/topic/new/image-1717683288868.jpeg\"},\"salary\":\"$$100,000 - $120,000 a year\"},{\"id\":\"133156249\",\"title\":\"Staff Software Engineer Back End (Bangkok based, relocation provided)\",\"url\":\"https://jobs.interestingengineering.com/job/staff-software-engineer-back-end-bangkok-based-relocation-provided-at-agoda-2?source=mini_export\",\"location\":{\"country\":\"United Kingdom\",\"address\":\"-\",\"country_short\":\"UK\",\"post_code\":[],\"state\":[],\"city\":[]},\"company\":{\"name\":\"Agoda\",\"logo\":\"https://d1avm1cbyhi830.cloudfront.net/fit-in/images2/topic/new/image-1722421505451.jpeg\"}},{\"id\":\"133161138\",\"title\":\"Lead Software Development Engineer\",\"url\":\"https://jobs.interestingengineering.com/job/lead-software-development-engineer-1-at-gm-financial-2?source=mini_export\",\"location\":{\"country\":\"United States\",\"address\":\"Fort Worth\",\"country_short\":\"US\",\"post_code\":\"76102\",\"state\":\"TX\",\"city\":\"Fort Worth\"},\"company\":{\"name\":\"GM Financial\",\"logo\":\"https://d2q79iu7y748jz.cloudfront.net/s/_squarelogo/256x256/2c6d13e3c51cab0e72a6ac3fc67ed3d5\"}}],\"for_you\":[{\"id\":123355,\"tags\":[\"AI\",\"Inventions and Machines\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"AI\",\"slug\":\"ai\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/ai\"},{\"name\":\"Inventions and Machines\",\"slug\":\"inventions-and-machines\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/inventions-and-machines\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"AI Logs\",\"Innovation\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"AI Logs\",\"slug\":\"ai-logs\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/columns/ai-logs\"},{\"name\":\"Innovation\",\"slug\":\"innovation\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/innovation\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$90\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"ai logs\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":3283,\"title\":\"What is AGI, really? Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eAltman projects AGI by 2025, while Amodei anticipates it by 2026 or 2027, but recent trends suggest progress in AI development may be slowing.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eAltman projects AGI by 2025, while Amodei anticipates it by 2026 or 2027, but recent trends suggest progress in AI development may be slowing.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":9131,\"readTime\":\"7 minutes\",\"body\":\"$91\",\"related_content\":\"\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T16:28:00\",\"timeAgo\":\"19 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T16:28:07\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 11:28 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 11:28 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":true,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_57c928.jpg\",\"title\":\"What is AGI, really? Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\",\"name\":\"What is AGI, really? Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\",\"alt_text\":\"What is AGI, really? Big tech honchos predict human-level AI by 2025 or 2026\",\"description\":\"Representative image.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/ai-communicates-with-people-through-network-servers-gm1493180156-516953199?searchscope=image,film\\\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"LnOLJ4WPBg1pjxPKMDBE\\\"\u003eXH4D\u003c/span\u003e/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Sejal Sharma\",\"slug\":\"sejal-sharma\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/EwuSxftyWaVt.png\",\"page_url\":\"sejal-sharma\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/sejal-sharma\",\"description\":\"Sejal is a Delhi-based journalist, currently dedicated to reporting on technology and culture. She is particularly enthusiastic about covering artificial intelligence, the semiconductor industry and helping people understand the powers and pitfalls of technology. Outside of work, she likes to play badminton and spend time with her dogs. Feel free to email her for pitches or feedback on her work.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSejal Sharma is IE\u0026#8217;s AI columnist, offering deep dives into the world of artificial intelligence and its transformative impact across industries. Her bi-monthly AI Logs column explores the latest trends, breakthroughs, and ethical dilemmas in AI, delivering expert analysis and fresh insights. To stay informed, subscribe to our \u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/newsletters/ai-logs/subscribe\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"dofollow\\\"\u003eAI Logs newsletter\u003c/a\u003e for exclusive content.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eIf you look at some of cinema\u0026#8217;s greatest and most bone-chilling villains, HAL 9000 from Stanley Kubrick\u0026#8217;s 1968 Marvel \u003cem\u003e2001: A Space Odyssey \u003c/em\u003eeasily ranks among the top 10.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eHAL is one of the foremost portrayals of an artificial general intelligence (AGI), a human-level intellect or above in an artificial being. We never see him, but his words are creepily omnipresent in the film. \u0026#8220;I\u0026#8217;m sorry, Dave. I\u0026#8217;m afraid I can\u0026#8217;t do that,\u0026#8221; responds HAL to Dr David Bowman\u0026#8217;s request to re-enter the spacecraft, setting the stage for Bowman\u0026#8217;s slow and suffocating demise.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eHAL\u0026#8217;s calm yet increasingly menacing tone builds a sense of dread, reminiscent of when Sir Anthony Hopkins played Hannibal Lecter in 1991 and incidentally took inspiration from HAL.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eFast-forward to today, and HAL’s chilling presence feels uncomfortably relevant as big tech races to develop AGI. With industry leaders predicting its arrival within just a few years, the question arises: Are we building the next HAL? Or is true AGI still a distant dream clouded by challenges?\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$92\",\"$93\",\"$94\",\"$95\",\"$96\",\"$97\",\"$98\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, considering the pace of progress and the recent reports of AI models showing signs of slowing down, Altman\u0026#8217;s prediction of achieving AGI by 2025 seems ambitious. How could AGI be reached by jumping two levels within a year, especially when the current trajectory suggests that AI\u0026#8217;s rapid advancements may be facing roadblocks?\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eUltimately, as we continue to develop AI models, we may find ourselves in a situation similar to HAL 9000: a machine that seems to have intelligence yet remains somewhat distant from true human-like understanding. And with so many varying definitions of AGI, is there a chance that we might not recognize it when we finally see it?\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/ai-logs/artificial-generative-intelligence-2025\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Representative image.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/ai-communicates-with-people-through-network-servers-gm1493180156-516953199?searchscope=image,film\\\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"LnOLJ4WPBg1pjxPKMDBE\\\"\u003eXH4D\u003c/span\u003e/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":true,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/post-123355-speech-20241126162744.mp3\"},{\"id\":123270,\"tags\":[\"Culture\",\"hominin\",\"paleontology\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Culture\",\"slug\":\"culture\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/culture\"},{\"name\":\"hominin\",\"slug\":\"hominin\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/hominin\"},{\"name\":\"paleontology\",\"slug\":\"paleontology\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/paleontology\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Science\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Science\",\"slug\":\"science\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/science\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$99\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"science\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":8,\"title\":\"Extinct hominid from 200,000 year ago in China is likely new human species\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt’s time to reorganize our understanding of the first humans, according to research heads Christopher Bae and Wu Xiujie. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt’s time to reorganize our understanding of the first humans, according to research heads Christopher Bae and Wu Xiujie. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3535,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$9a\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/jaw-fossil-shows-hybrid-trait-of-ancient-and-modern-humans\\\"\u003eJaw fossil shows hybrid trait of ancient and modern humans\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/ai-and-chemical-analysis-reveal-early-humans-traveled-miles-for-flint\\\"\u003eAI and chemical analysis reveal early humans traveled miles for flint to make handaxes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/worlds-oldest-human-burial-site-found-south-africa\\\"\u003eWorld’s oldest-known human burial site found in South Africa\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"science/homo-juluensis-new-species-of-hominin-discovered-china\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T15:24:28\",\"timeAgo\":\"20 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T15:24:35\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 10:24 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 10:24 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screen-Shot-2024-11-26-at-9.14.40-PM.png\",\"title\":\"Extinct hominid from 200,000 year ago in China is likely new human species\",\"name\":\"Extinct hominid from 200,000 year ago in China is likely new human species\",\"alt_text\":\"Extinct hominid from 200,000 year ago in China is likely new human species\",\"description\":\"Skull, Ossuary\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://pixabay.com/photos/skull-ossuary-czech-republic-726253/\\\"\u003eZezya\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Maria Mocerino\",\"slug\":\"maria-mocerino\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b13b723c1c12c2feb2e14a19e63d68a9?s=96\u0026d=mm\u0026r=g\",\"page_url\":\"maria-mocerino\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/maria-mocerino\",\"description\":\"Originally from LA, Maria Mocerino has been published in Business Insider, The Irish Examiner, The Rogue Mag, Chacruna Institute for Psychedelic Plant Medicines, and now Interesting Engineering.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eA new species of hominin or humans has been discovered in Northern China with an unforgettable physical feature— large heads. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eEveryone knows the Neanderthals, homo sapiens, and Denisovans are amongst the first human species. The sapiens are considered the modern humans in that grouping that migrated out of Africa. However, according to research out of China, the number of prehistoric human species might be growing.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“The morphological diversity among late Quaternary hominin fossils from eastern Asia is greater than we expected,” the authors of a new study stated. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, “a number of new eastern Asian hominin taxa” have appeared on researcher’s radar over the past several decades. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAmong them, making headlines, is a new species that has been given an apt name \u0026#8211; Homo juluensis \u0026#8211; for their strikingly large heads. Ju Lu means “huge head\u0026#8221; in Chinese, as the \u003cem\u003eSouth China Morning Post\u003c/em\u003e reports. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe ancient human with an impressive head size is shaking up this area of science that lies at the foundation of us, humans. Study authors propose that the Denisovans are actually\u0026nbsp;Homo juluensis\u0026nbsp;and that this research contributes to the “decolonization” of the field so that Asia can assume its rightful place.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$9b\",\"$9c\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“The eastern Asian record is prompting us to recognize just how complex human evolution is more generally and really forcing us to revise and rethink our interpretations of various evolutionary models to better match the growing fossil record.”\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cfigure class=\\\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\\\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\\\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\\\"\u003e\\n\u003ciframe loading=\\\"lazy\\\" title=\\\"The Return of the Ekranoplan\\\" width=\\\"500\\\" height=\\\"281\\\" src=\\\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/q-hr-Qc4Dz0?feature=oembed\\\" frameborder=\\\"0\\\" allow=\\\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\\\" referrerpolicy=\\\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\\\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/homo-juluensis-new-species-of-hominin-discovered-china\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Skull, Ossuary\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://pixabay.com/photos/skull-ossuary-czech-republic-726253/\\\"\u003eZezya\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/jaw-fossil-shows-hybrid-trait-of-ancient-and-modern-humans\\\"\u003eJaw fossil shows hybrid trait of ancient and modern humans\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/ai-and-chemical-analysis-reveal-early-humans-traveled-miles-for-flint\\\"\u003eAI and chemical analysis reveal early humans traveled miles for flint to make handaxes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/worlds-oldest-human-burial-site-found-south-africa\\\"\u003eWorld’s oldest-known human burial site found in South Africa\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123280,\"tags\":[\"Agriculture\",\"AI\",\"Farming\",\"robot\",\"Soil Conservation\",\"Sustainability\",\"UK\",\"University of Plymouth\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Agriculture\",\"slug\":\"agriculture\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/agriculture\"},{\"name\":\"AI\",\"slug\":\"ai\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/ai\"},{\"name\":\"Farming\",\"slug\":\"farming\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/farming\"},{\"name\":\"robot\",\"slug\":\"robot\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/robot\"},{\"name\":\"Soil Conservation\",\"slug\":\"soil-conservation\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/soil-conservation\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"},{\"name\":\"UK\",\"slug\":\"uk\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/uk\"},{\"name\":\"University of Plymouth\",\"slug\":\"university-of-plymouth\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/university-of-plymouth\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Innovation\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Innovation\",\"slug\":\"innovation\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/innovation\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$9d\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"innovation\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":5,\"title\":\"Gamma ray-detecting robot dogs can make agriculture more profitable for farmers\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe system measures soil radiation levels, offering a faster alternative to traditional methods with quicker, on-site results.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe system measures soil radiation levels, offering a faster alternative to traditional methods with quicker, on-site results.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":4987,\"readTime\":\"4 minutes\",\"body\":\"$9e\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/engineers-create-robots-function-without-electricity\\\"\u003eEngineers create 1st robots capable of complex actions without electricity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/electrically-conductive-soil-boosts-growth-by-50-in-plants\\\"\u003eElectrically conductive soil boosts growth by 50% in plants\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\\\"\u003eChina scientists’ breakthrough flow battery hits 850 cycles, retains 99.95% capacity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch4 class=\\\"article-abstract content-sub-title body-large t-mt-2 headingSection_text_solid_secondary__z9nWA\\\"\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"innovation/robot-dogs-advance-soil-health-monitoring-in-uk\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T15:04:18\",\"timeAgo\":\"20 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T15:04:25\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 10:04 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 10:04 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T193826.433.jpg\",\"title\":\"Gamma ray-detecting robot dogs can make agriculture more profitable for farmers\",\"name\":\"Gamma ray-detecting robot dogs can make agriculture more profitable for farmers\",\"alt_text\":\"Gamma ray-detecting robot dogs can make agriculture more profitable for farmers\",\"description\":\"Tracked robots and quadrupeds are used to carry a sensor.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.robotriks.co.uk/rtu\\\"\u003eRobotriks\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Jijo Malayil\",\"slug\":\"jijo-malayil\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/SMgGAAR337pt.png\",\"page_url\":\"jijo-malayil\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/jijo-malayil\",\"description\":\"Jijo is an automotive and business journalist based in India. Armed with a BA in History (Honors) from St. Stephen's College, Delhi University, and a PG diploma in Journalism from the Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Delhi, he has worked for news agencies, national newspapers, and automotive magazines. In his spare time, he likes to go off-roading, engage in political discourse, travel, and teach languages.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eScientists are testing a new robotic technology to help farmers quickly assess soil health in the United Kingdom.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA gamma ray detector, developed by a local Cornish company, is being used to map soil quality on fields in Cornwell. The detector is mounted on tracked robots and quadrupeds for accessibility and quicker turnaround times. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAccording to a British news provider, the trial, which is being conducted in collaboration with the University of Plymouth, aims to provide farmers with more efficient ways to monitor soil conditions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe technology, which offers faster and more accurate results than traditional methods, could boost farm profitability.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$9f\",\"$a0\",\"$a1\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Rowntree, collaborative efforts between researchers and farmers are vital for developing accessible tools to monitor soil health. These innovations support sustainable farming, ensuring soil preservation for future generations.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/robot-dogs-advance-soil-health-monitoring-in-uk\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Tracked robots and quadrupeds are used to carry a sensor.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.robotriks.co.uk/rtu\\\"\u003eRobotriks\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/engineers-create-robots-function-without-electricity\\\"\u003eEngineers create 1st robots capable of complex actions without electricity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/electrically-conductive-soil-boosts-growth-by-50-in-plants\\\"\u003eElectrically conductive soil boosts growth by 50% in plants\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\\\"\u003eChina scientists’ breakthrough flow battery hits 850 cycles, retains 99.95% capacity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch4 class=\\\"article-abstract content-sub-title body-large t-mt-2 headingSection_text_solid_secondary__z9nWA\\\"\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123191,\"tags\":[\"Biology\",\"manta rays\",\"Sustainability\",\"water filter\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Biology\",\"slug\":\"biology\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/biology\"},{\"name\":\"manta rays\",\"slug\":\"manta-rays\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/manta-rays\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"},{\"name\":\"water 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minutes\",\"body\":\"$a3\",\"related_content\":\"\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:15:19\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:15:27\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:15 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:15 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-2_71c5e8.jpg\",\"title\":\"MIT unveils manta ray-inspired water filter design for industrial plants\",\"name\":\"MIT unveils manta ray-inspired water filter design for industrial plants\",\"alt_text\":\"MIT unveils manta ray-inspired water filter design for industrial plants\",\"description\":\"Pictured are pieces of the filter. \",\"reference\":\"Jennifer Chu\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"slug\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/miPaTnXVs8LI.png\",\"page_url\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit\",\"description\":\"Mrigakshi is a science journalist who enjoys writing about space exploration, biology, and technological innovations. Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers often seek inspiration from natural systems to address technical problems.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eManta rays are filter feeders, sifting plankton from seawater as they swim.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eInspired by this natural filtering mechanism, MIT engineers have designed new water filters for industrial purposes.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThey studied how mobula rays — a fish family that includes manta and devil rays — filter feed.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe mobula ray\u0026#8217;s mouth is lined with comb-like structures called plates that create vortices. These vortices trap plankton particles, directing them into the ray\u0026#8217;s gullet.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$a4\",\"$a5\",\"$a6\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mit-unveils-manta-ray-inspired-water-filter-design-for-industrial-plants\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Pictured are pieces of the filter. \",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"Jennifer Chu\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123264,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"Inventions and Machines\",\"Sustainability\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"Inventions and Machines\",\"slug\":\"inventions-and-machines\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/inventions-and-machines\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$a7\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt holds the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of the water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt holds the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of the water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3590,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$a8\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\\\"\u003eScientists cook clean hydrogen from agri-waste with 600% less energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\\\"\u003eSwiss iron reactors store hydrogen 10x cheaper, safer, longer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/does-hydrogen-have-a-future-as-a-clean-energy-source\\\"\u003eDoes hydrogen have a future as a clean energy source?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:14:23\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:14:30\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:14 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:14 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_448eae.jpg\",\"title\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"name\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"alt_text\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"description\":\"Hydrolysis and possible applications.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\\\"\u003eDALL-E\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"slug\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/miPaTnXVs8LI.png\",\"page_url\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit\",\"description\":\"Mrigakshi is a science journalist who enjoys writing about space exploration, biology, and technological innovations. Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen is increasingly seen as an important element in the transition to a low-carbon future. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eNow, researchers have discovered a new approach to improve the efficiency of water splitting, a process that produces clean hydrogen fuel.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eMax Planck Institute researchers used a special type of crystal called\u0026nbsp;topological chiral crystals.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals, with their unique chiral structure, possess extraordinary quantum properties. They can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$a9\",\"$aa\",\"$ab\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003ca href=\\\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01674-9\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNature Energy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Hydrolysis and possible applications.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\\\"\u003eDALL-E\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\\\"\u003eScientists cook clean hydrogen from agri-waste with 600% less energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\\\"\u003eSwiss iron reactors store hydrogen 10x cheaper, safer, longer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/does-hydrogen-have-a-future-as-a-clean-energy-source\\\"\u003eDoes hydrogen have a future as a clean energy source?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123262,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"microreactor\",\"Nuclear\",\"nuclear energy\",\"Nuclear Fusion\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"microreactor\",\"slug\":\"microreactor\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/microreactor\"},{\"name\":\"Nuclear\",\"slug\":\"nuclear\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear\"},{\"name\":\"nuclear energy\",\"slug\":\"nuclear-energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear-energy\"},{\"name\":\"Nuclear Fusion\",\"slug\":\"nuclear-fusion\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear-fusion\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$ac\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe eVinci microreactor can operate for eight years without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe eVinci microreactor can operate for eight years without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":4271,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$ad\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\\\"\u003eeVinci: US firm’s milestone 5MW nuclear microreactor ready for 2026 testing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-do-floating-nuclear-power-plants-work\\\"\u003eHow Do Floating Nuclear Power Plants Work?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\\\"\u003eA Company Is Producing Thousands of Cheap, Floating Nuclear Reactors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:07:10\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:07:18\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:07 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:07 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/core-power-nuclear.jpg\",\"title\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"name\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"alt_text\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"description\":\"Renders of CORE POWER and Westinghouse's technologies.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\\\"\u003eBusiness Wire\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Chris Young\",\"slug\":\"chris-young\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/6UKotck4r9pz.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"chris-young\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/chris-young\",\"description\":\"Chris Young is a journalist, copywriter, blogger and tech geek at heart who\u0026rsquo;s reported on the likes of the Mobile World Congress, written for Lifehack, The Culture Trip, Flydoscope and some of the world\u0026rsquo;s biggest tech companies, including NEC and Thales, about robots, satellites and other world-changing innovations.\u0026nbsp;\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company and CORE POWER have announced a cooperative agreement to jointly design and develop a floating nuclear power plant (FNPP). The companies will use Westinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci nuclear microreactor as the foundation for the FNPP. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Westinghouse, eVinci is capable of operating for eight years without refueling. That reliability, as well as the flexibility of shipping deployment, will make it a potent energy source.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$ae\",\"$af\",\"$b0\",\"$b1\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Renders of CORE POWER and Westinghouse's technologies.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\\\"\u003eBusiness Wire\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\\\"\u003eeVinci: US firm’s milestone 5MW nuclear microreactor ready for 2026 testing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-do-floating-nuclear-power-plants-work\\\"\u003eHow Do Floating Nuclear Power Plants Work?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\\\"\u003eA Company Is Producing Thousands of Cheap, Floating Nuclear Reactors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123273,\"tags\":[\"Battery\",\"battery design\",\"Blade battery\",\"BYD\",\"China\",\"EV battery\",\"South Korea\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Battery\",\"slug\":\"battery\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/battery\"},{\"name\":\"battery design\",\"slug\":\"battery-design\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/battery-design\"},{\"name\":\"Blade 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href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/uber-partners-byd-evs\\\"\u003eBYD trumps Tesla: China EV maker signs deal with Uber for 100,000 cars\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"transportation/byd-blade-battery-second-gen-unveiling\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:05:49\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:05:57\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:05 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:05 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-97.png\",\"title\":\"BYD’s next-gen Blade battery for safer, more powerful EVs to launch in 2025\",\"name\":\"BYD’s next-gen Blade battery for safer, more powerful EVs to launch in 2025\",\"alt_text\":\"BYD’s 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Having contributed to renowned wire agencies and Indian media outlets like ANI and NDTV, he is keenly interested in Tech, Business and Defense coverage.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eChina’s electric vehicle manufacturer BYD has announced its intentions to release its new Blade battery design in 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe same was revealed by Cao Shuang, General Manager of BYD\u0026#8217;s Automotive Sales Division for Central Asia, at the 29\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP29).\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eShuang revealed that the company is planning to release the next generation of Blade batteries for EVs in 2025, as per him the new model is expected to offer an extended lifespan, alongside enhancing the driving range of the EVs.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$b4\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eIn the event of a short circuit within a cell, it does not affect other cells, thus preventing continuous electrical short circuits, as per the company.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the biggest advantages of the Blade battery is that it is designed using cell-to-pack technology (CTP). It means each cell can be directly packed without the need for module packing, allowing for more cells to be added.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, it can also enhance the structural strength of the EVs by serving as a reinforcement material for their frames.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003ch2 class=\\\"wp-block-heading\\\" id=\\\"h-additional-benefits\\\"\u003eAdditional benefits\u003c/h2\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe company also states that the Blade batteries have lower production costs compared to NMC (Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide) battery.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eIts decomposition temperature is around 518 degree Fahrenheit (270 degree Celsius) as compared to the NMC’s 410 degree Fahrenheit (210 degree Celsius) and NCA’s 302 degree Fahrenheit (150 degree 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href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/ubtechs-walker-s1-begins-factory-work-at-byd\\\"\u003eChina: Walker S1 humanoid robot starts manual jobs at world’s largest EV maker\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/uber-partners-byd-evs\\\"\u003eBYD trumps Tesla: China EV maker signs deal with Uber for 100,000 cars\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123303,\"tags\":[\"Inventions and Machines\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Inventions and 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Dixit\",\"slug\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/miPaTnXVs8LI.png\",\"page_url\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit\",\"description\":\"Mrigakshi is a science journalist who enjoys writing about space exploration, biology, and technological innovations. Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eIn recent decades, the world has become increasingly interconnected — thanks to the rapid advancement in digital technology.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, there is a dark side to it too, cyber threat, which poses a serious risk to digital security.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThat’s why, the need for robust cybersecurity technology has never been greater.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-worlds-most-energy-efficient-ai-chips\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"dofollow\\\"\u003eChina\u003c/a\u003e’s Purple Mountain Laboratories has unveiled a new high-tech “microcomputer.” This tiny powerhouse promises to advance the way we think about security. 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href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/new-microchip-material-is-10-times-stronger-than-kevlar\\\"\u003eNew microchip material is 10 times stronger than Kevlar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch3 class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-worlds-most-energy-efficient-ai-chips\\\"\u003eChina develops 'world's most energy-efficient AI chips'\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"lSfe4c r5bEn aI5QMe\\\"\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"SoAPf\\\"\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"n0jPhd ynAwRc MBeuO nDgy9d\\\" role=\\\"heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/huawei-ai-chips-power-china-next-generation-surgery-technology\\\"\u003eHuawei AI chips to power China’s next-gen surgery tech for medical breakthroughs\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv 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agent. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3752,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$bc\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-vaporizing-plastics-could-save-a-failing-recycling-industry\\\"\u003eHow vaporizing plastics could be key to saving a failing recycling industry\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/tough-plastics-sustainably-broken-down\\\"\u003eTough plastics broken down sustainably with common chemical, sunlight, air\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastics-turned-into-graphene\\\"\u003ePlastics turned into 200x stronger material than steel, can be used in industries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"innovation/scientists-use-sunlight-to-convert-plastic-waste\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T13:24:21\",\"timeAgo\":\"a day ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T13:24:30\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 08:24 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 08:24 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T180140.110.jpg\",\"title\":\"Scientists use sunlight to convert stubborn plastic waste into reusable material\",\"name\":\"Scientists use sunlight to convert stubborn plastic waste into reusable material\",\"alt_text\":\"Scientists use sunlight to convert stubborn plastic waste into reusable material\",\"description\":\"nside this reaction vial, spotlit by concentrated sunlight, a piece of black polystyrene from a foam tray breaks down into a recyclable material.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2024/november/using-sunlight-to-recycle-black-plastics.html\\\"\u003eHanning Jiang\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Srishti Gupta\",\"slug\":\"srishti-gupta\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b86d098e343666fd88066a3a660a1471?s=96\u0026d=mm\u0026r=g\",\"page_url\":\"srishti-gupta\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/srishti-gupta\",\"description\":\"Srishti studied English literature at the University of Delhi and has since then realized it's not her cup of tea. She has been an editor in every space and content type imaginable, from children's books to journal articles. She enjoys popular culture, reading contemporary fiction and nonfiction, crafts, and spending time with her cats. With a keen interest in science, Srishti is particularly drawn to beats covering medicine, sustainability, gene studies, and anything biology-related.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eBlack polystyrene, widely used in food containers, coffee lids, and packaging, is notoriously hard to recycle. Its dark color, achieved with carbon black pigment, thwarts optical scanners used in recycling plants, and the pigment complicates conventional recycling methods. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eNow, scientists from Cornell and Princeton universities have developed a groundbreaking method that uses sunlight and carbon black itself to transform this challenging waste into reusable materials.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$bd\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eOne promising alternative, photothermal conversion, uses light to heat plastics through a helper compound that converts light into localized heat. However, the inclusion of these compounds raises concerns about generating additional waste or altering the properties of the plastic during its initial use.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003ch2 class=\\\"wp-block-heading\\\" id=\\\"h-a-new-approach-using-carbon-black\\\"\u003eA new approach using carbon black\u003c/h2\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eInstead of introducing external compounds, the researchers leveraged carbon black, already embedded in black polystyrene, as the heat-converting agent. This approach eliminates the need for additional additives while utilizing a component that was previously considered an obstacle.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eIn their experiments, the team ground lab-made black polystyrene into a fine powder and placed it under high-intensity white LED lights. The carbon black absorbed the light, generating localized heat that broke the polystyrene into smaller molecules known as styrenes. \u003c/p\u003e\",\"$be\",\"$bf\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/scientists-use-sunlight-to-convert-plastic-waste\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"nside this reaction vial, spotlit by concentrated sunlight, a piece of black polystyrene from a foam tray breaks down into a recyclable material.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2024/november/using-sunlight-to-recycle-black-plastics.html\\\"\u003eHanning Jiang\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-vaporizing-plastics-could-save-a-failing-recycling-industry\\\"\u003eHow vaporizing plastics could be key to saving a failing recycling industry\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/tough-plastics-sustainably-broken-down\\\"\u003eTough plastics broken down sustainably with common chemical, sunlight, air\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/plastics-turned-into-graphene\\\"\u003ePlastics turned into 200x stronger material than steel, can be used in industries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123178,\"tags\":[\"Brakes\",\"Clean Mobility\",\"Electric Vehicle\",\"EV\",\"In-Drive Brake\",\"Mercedes Benz\",\"Regenerative Braking\",\"Sustainability\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Brakes\",\"slug\":\"brakes\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/brakes\"},{\"name\":\"Clean Mobility\",\"slug\":\"clean-mobility\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/clean-mobility\"},{\"name\":\"Electric 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Braking\",\"slug\":\"regenerative-braking\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/regenerative-braking\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Innovation\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Innovation\",\"slug\":\"innovation\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/innovation\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$c0\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"innovation\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":5,\"title\":\"Mercedes unleashes new EV braking system to push electric power and performance\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe system replaces calipers with a circular brake pad on the motor\u0026#8217;s output shaft, pressing against a water-cooled ring.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe system replaces calipers with a circular brake pad on the motor\u0026#8217;s output shaft, pressing against a water-cooled ring.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3607,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$c1\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/battery-80-charge-15-minutes\\\"\u003eBreakthrough EV battery tech achieves 0 to 80% charge in just 15 minutes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/a-team-of-mechanics-built-a-how-to-air-brake-for-a-lada\\\"\u003eA team of mechanics built a DIY air brake for a Lada\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/discovery-law-of-friction-minimizes-energy-loss\\\"\u003eDiscovery of a law of friction leads to a material that minimizes energy loss\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"t-mb-4 t-mt-5 video-embed-content t-relative\\\"\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch4 class=\\\"article-abstract content-sub-title body-large t-mt-2 headingSection_text_solid_secondary__z9nWA\\\"\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/div\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T13:06:56\",\"timeAgo\":\"a day ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T13:07:03\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 08:06 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 08:07 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-26T155712.838.jpg\",\"title\":\"Mercedes unleashes new EV braking system to push electric power and performance\",\"name\":\"Mercedes unleashes new EV braking system to push electric power and performance\",\"alt_text\":\"Mercedes unleashes new EV braking system to push electric power and performance\",\"description\":\"There is no traditional caliper; instead, scrubbing speed is generated by pressing the circular brake pad against the stationary disk.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/search/2/image-film?phrase=mercedes\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Jijo Malayil\",\"slug\":\"jijo-malayil\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/SMgGAAR337pt.png\",\"page_url\":\"jijo-malayil\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/jijo-malayil\",\"description\":\"Jijo is an automotive and business journalist based in India. Armed with a BA in History (Honors) from St. Stephen's College, Delhi University, and a PG diploma in Journalism from the Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Delhi, he has worked for news agencies, national newspapers, and automotive magazines. In his spare time, he likes to go off-roading, engage in political discourse, travel, and teach languages.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eGerman carmaker Mercedes Benz has proposed a more efficient braking system for electric vehicles (EVs).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe concept, called \u0026#8216;In-Drive Brakes\u0026#8217;, relocates the braking system from the wheels to the electric drive motor. Positioned where the half-shafts connect, the innovative design integrates the brakes directly into the motor assembly.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Mercedes system replaces calipers with a circular brake pad mounted on the electric motor\u0026#8217;s output shaft. The pad presses against a stationary, water-cooled ring within a sealed enclosure.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhile the prototype demonstrates this approach on the rear axle, it has the potential to function on both the front and rear axles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAccording to Mercedes, the innovation offers better ride quality, cleaner streets by containing brake dust, and streamlined wheel designs for improved aerodynamics.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$c2\",\"$c3\",\"$c4\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/mercedes-unleashes-new-ev-braking-system\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"There is no traditional caliper; instead, scrubbing speed is generated by pressing the circular brake pad against the stationary disk.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/search/2/image-film?phrase=mercedes\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/battery-80-charge-15-minutes\\\"\u003eBreakthrough EV battery tech achieves 0 to 80% charge in just 15 minutes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/a-team-of-mechanics-built-a-how-to-air-brake-for-a-lada\\\"\u003eA team of mechanics built a DIY air brake for a Lada\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"content-title mt-3 t-mt-2 braintree-heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/discovery-law-of-friction-minimizes-energy-loss\\\"\u003eDiscovery of a law of friction leads to a material that minimizes energy loss\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\\r\\n\u003cdiv class=\\\"t-mb-4 t-mt-5 video-embed-content t-relative\\\"\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch4 class=\\\"article-abstract content-sub-title body-large t-mt-2 headingSection_text_solid_secondary__z9nWA\\\"\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/div\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"}],\"recommendations\":[{\"id\":123474,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$c5\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe newly developed Li-S battery reached an energy density of 400 Wh/kg nearly twice that of a Li-ion battery. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe newly developed Li-S battery reached an energy density of 400 Wh/kg nearly twice that of a Li-ion battery. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3692,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$c6\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-battery-works-cut-china\\\"\u003eChina creates Li-S battery that works even after being cut in half\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/smu-long-lasting-renewable-ev-batteries\\\"\u003eLi-S EV batteries last longer with higher energy using SMU method\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/healable-cathode-lithium-sulfur-batteries\\\"\u003eHealable cathode to advance solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-27T11:11:30\",\"timeAgo\":\"22 minutes ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-27T11:11:37\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 27, 2024 06:11 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 27, 2024 06:11 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AT.jpg\",\"title\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"name\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"alt_text\":\"Bombshell battery boosts EV range by 620 miles, doubles energy density for aircraft\",\"description\":\"Representational stock image of an air taxi. \",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/autonomous-driverless-aerial-vehicle-fly-across-city-3d-render-gm1394560521-449995334?searchscope=image,film\\\"\u003eKinwun/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Ameya Paleja\",\"slug\":\"ameya-paleja\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/Uy0OTzksC7lW.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"ameya-paleja\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/ameya-paleja\",\"description\":\"Ameya is a science writer based in Hyderabad, India. A Molecular Biologist at heart, he traded the micropipette to write about science during the pandemic and does not want to go back. He likes to write about genetics, microbes, technology, and public policy.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers at Monash University in Australia have developed ultra-fast-charging lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries that could soon power long-range electric vehicles and flying air taxis. The newly developed batteries deliver twice the energy density of a conventional lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, according to a university press release.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eInvented in the 1980s, lithium-ion batteries are now the mainstay of energy storage for small electronic devices or large electric vehicles. Even renewable energy storage banks on lithium-ion batteries due to their superior energy density and storage capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$c7\",\"$c8\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eNot only does the addition of the catalyst reduce charging times, but it also makes the batteries safer, as they were previously prone to short circuits and fires. Li-S batteries are also environmentally more sustainable since they do not require cobalt, whose extraction is an energy-intensive process. Sulfur is widely available and inexpensive.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“Imagine an electric vehicle that can travel from Melbourne to Sydney on a single charge or a smartphone that charges in minutes — we’re on the cusp of making this a reality,” added Petar Jovanović, a research fellow at Monash University and co-lead author of the paper which published the research findings in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202403092\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"\u003eAdvanced Engineering Materials\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-batteries-faster-charging-australia\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Representational stock image of an air taxi. \",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/autonomous-driverless-aerial-vehicle-fly-across-city-3d-render-gm1394560521-449995334?searchscope=image,film\\\"\u003eKinwun/iStock\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-sulfur-battery-works-cut-china\\\"\u003eChina creates Li-S battery that works even after being cut in half\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/smu-long-lasting-renewable-ev-batteries\\\"\u003eLi-S EV batteries last longer with higher energy using SMU method\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/healable-cathode-lithium-sulfur-batteries\\\"\u003eHealable cathode to advance solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123264,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"Inventions and Machines\",\"Sustainability\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"Inventions and Machines\",\"slug\":\"inventions-and-machines\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/inventions-and-machines\"},{\"name\":\"Sustainability\",\"slug\":\"sustainability\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/sustainability\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$c9\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt holds the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of the water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eIt holds the potential to significantly enhance the efficiency of the water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3590,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$ca\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\\\"\u003eScientists cook clean hydrogen from agri-waste with 600% less energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\\\"\u003eSwiss iron reactors store hydrogen 10x cheaper, safer, longer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/does-hydrogen-have-a-future-as-a-clean-energy-source\\\"\u003eDoes hydrogen have a future as a clean energy source?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:14:23\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:14:30\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:14 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:14 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_448eae.jpg\",\"title\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"name\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"alt_text\":\"Spin-powered crystals could boost clean hydrogen production 200 times\",\"description\":\"Hydrolysis and possible applications.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\\\"\u003eDALL-E\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"slug\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/miPaTnXVs8LI.png\",\"page_url\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit\",\"description\":\"Mrigakshi is a science journalist who enjoys writing about space exploration, biology, and technological innovations. Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eHydrogen is increasingly seen as an important element in the transition to a low-carbon future. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eNow, researchers have discovered a new approach to improve the efficiency of water splitting, a process that produces clean hydrogen fuel.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eMax Planck Institute researchers used a special type of crystal called\u0026nbsp;topological chiral crystals.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThese crystals, with their unique chiral structure, possess extraordinary quantum properties. They can manipulate the spin of electrons, allowing for a highly efficient water-splitting process.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$cb\",\"$cc\",\"$cd\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003ca href=\\\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01674-9\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNature Energy.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/spin-powered-crystals-could-boost-clean-hydrogen-production-200-times\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Hydrolysis and possible applications.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.cpfs.mpg.de/3695333/20241125?c=1622021\\\"\u003eDALL-E\u003c/a\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\u0026nbsp;\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/sustainable-hydrogen-solar-power\\\"\u003eScientists cook clean hydrogen from agri-waste with 600% less energy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/hydrogen-storage-iron-rust-battery\\\"\u003eSwiss iron reactors store hydrogen 10x cheaper, safer, longer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp class=\\\"LC20lb MBeuO DKV0Md\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/does-hydrogen-have-a-future-as-a-clean-energy-source\\\"\u003eDoes hydrogen have a future as a clean energy source?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123262,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"microreactor\",\"Nuclear\",\"nuclear energy\",\"Nuclear Fusion\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"microreactor\",\"slug\":\"microreactor\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/microreactor\"},{\"name\":\"Nuclear\",\"slug\":\"nuclear\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear\"},{\"name\":\"nuclear energy\",\"slug\":\"nuclear-energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear-energy\"},{\"name\":\"Nuclear Fusion\",\"slug\":\"nuclear-fusion\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/nuclear-fusion\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$ce\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe eVinci microreactor can operate for eight years without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe eVinci microreactor can operate for eight years without refueling.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":4271,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$cf\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\\\"\u003eeVinci: US firm’s milestone 5MW nuclear microreactor ready for 2026 testing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-do-floating-nuclear-power-plants-work\\\"\u003eHow Do Floating Nuclear Power Plants Work?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\\\"\u003eA Company Is Producing Thousands of Cheap, Floating Nuclear Reactors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:07:10\",\"timeAgo\":\"21 hours ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T14:07:18\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:07 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 09:07 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/core-power-nuclear.jpg\",\"title\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"name\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"alt_text\":\"US-UK firms join hands to build floating nuclear power plants using microreactors\",\"description\":\"Renders of CORE POWER and Westinghouse's technologies.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\\\"\u003eBusiness Wire\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Chris Young\",\"slug\":\"chris-young\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/6UKotck4r9pz.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"chris-young\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/chris-young\",\"description\":\"Chris Young is a journalist, copywriter, blogger and tech geek at heart who\u0026rsquo;s reported on the likes of the Mobile World Congress, written for Lifehack, The Culture Trip, Flydoscope and some of the world\u0026rsquo;s biggest tech companies, including NEC and Thales, about robots, satellites and other world-changing innovations.\u0026nbsp;\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eWestinghouse Electric Company and CORE POWER have announced a cooperative agreement to jointly design and develop a floating nuclear power plant (FNPP). The companies will use Westinghouse Electric Company\u0026#8217;s eVinci nuclear microreactor as the foundation for the FNPP. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Westinghouse, eVinci is capable of operating for eight years without refueling. That reliability, as well as the flexibility of shipping deployment, will make it a potent energy source.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$d0\",\"$d1\",\"$d2\",\"$d3\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/us-uk-firms-join-hands-to-build-floating-nuclear-power-plants-using-microreactors\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Renders of CORE POWER and Westinghouse's technologies.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241125066795/en/Westinghouse-and-CORE-POWER-Partner-for-Floating-Nuclear-Power-Plants-Using-eVinci%E2%84%A2-Microreactors\\\"\u003eBusiness Wire\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/evinci-milestone-microreactor-ready-for-testing\\\"\u003eeVinci: US firm’s milestone 5MW nuclear microreactor ready for 2026 testing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/how-do-floating-nuclear-power-plants-work\\\"\u003eHow Do Floating Nuclear Power Plants Work?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/seaborg-producing-thousands-cheap-floating-nuclear-reactors\\\"\u003eA Company Is Producing Thousands of Cheap, Floating Nuclear Reactors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123031,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"Inventions and Machines\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"Inventions and Machines\",\"slug\":\"inventions-and-machines\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/inventions-and-machines\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$d4\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"New additive to enable affordable, efficient energy storage in flow batteries\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eWith the additive, batteries endured two months of use, compared to just a day\u0026#8217;s performance without it.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eWith the additive, batteries endured two months of use, compared to just a day\u0026#8217;s performance without it.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3423,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$d5\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/electric-flow-batteries-evs\\\"\u003eElectric without batteries: Are flow batteries the future of EVs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca style=\\\"font-size: 16px\\\" href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\\\"\u003eChina scientists’ breakthrough flow battery hits 850 cycles, retains 99.95% capacity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"n0jPhd ynAwRc MBeuO nDgy9d\\\" role=\\\"heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/vanadium-free-redox-battery\\\"\u003eEnergy density of redox flow battery doubled with vanadium substitute\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/bromide-flow-battery-grid-energy\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-25T15:17:01\",\"timeAgo\":\"2 days ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-25T15:17:08\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 25, 2024 10:17 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 25, 2024 10:17 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IE-3_35d972.jpg\",\"title\":\"New additive to enable affordable, efficient energy storage in flow batteries\",\"name\":\"New additive to enable affordable, efficient energy storage in flow batteries\",\"alt_text\":\"New additive to enable affordable, efficient energy storage in flow batteries\",\"description\":\"UW-Madison researchers has developed this new additive. \",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://engineering.wisc.edu/news/engineered-additive-makes-low-cost-renewable-energy-storage-a-possibility/\\\"\u003eUW-Madison\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Mrigakshi Dixit\",\"slug\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/miPaTnXVs8LI.png\",\"page_url\":\"mrigakshi-dixit\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/mrigakshi-dixit\",\"description\":\"Mrigakshi is a science journalist who enjoys writing about space exploration, biology, and technological innovations. Her work has been featured in well-known publications including Nature India, Supercluster, The Weather Channel and Astronomy magazine. If you have pitches in mind, please do not hesitate to email her.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eRenewable energy sources like wind and solar power are essential for a greener future—but they’re inherently unpredictable.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eFluctuating wind speeds and sunlight variations make these energy sources inconsistent, creating a pressing need for efficient energy storage systems. Enter the race for advanced batteries that can reliably store intermittent energy over the long term.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eAt the University of Wisconsin-Madison, engineers have found a novel way to store energy using an additive-based tech.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$d6\",\"$d7\",\"$d8\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings were published in the journal \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08079-4\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"\u003eNature\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/bromide-flow-battery-grid-energy\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"UW-Madison researchers has developed this new additive. \",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://engineering.wisc.edu/news/engineered-additive-makes-low-cost-renewable-energy-storage-a-possibility/\\\"\u003eUW-Madison\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/electric-flow-batteries-evs\\\"\u003eElectric without batteries: Are flow batteries the future of EVs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca style=\\\"font-size: 16px\\\" href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/novel-molecules-organic-flow-batteries\\\"\u003eChina scientists’ breakthrough flow battery hits 850 cycles, retains 99.95% capacity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli class=\\\"n0jPhd ynAwRc MBeuO nDgy9d\\\" role=\\\"heading\\\"\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/vanadium-free-redox-battery\\\"\u003eEnergy density of redox flow battery doubled with vanadium substitute\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":122929,\"tags\":[\"Biofuel\",\"Caribbean\",\"CO2\",\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"Fossil fuels\",\"fuel\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Biofuel\",\"slug\":\"biofuel\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/biofuel\"},{\"name\":\"Caribbean\",\"slug\":\"caribbean\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/caribbean\"},{\"name\":\"CO2\",\"slug\":\"co2\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/co2\"},{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"Fossil fuels\",\"slug\":\"fossil-fuels\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/fossil-fuels\"},{\"name\":\"fuel\",\"slug\":\"fuel\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/fuel\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Energy\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Energy\",\"slug\":\"energy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/energy\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$d9\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"energy\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":20,\"title\":\"Engineers turn rotten seaweed into car fuel, aim to cut 14 million-ton of CO2\",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eSeaweed is showing up on Caribbean beaches and cleaning up costs are in millions of dollars. But this waste can be turned into precious fuels. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eSeaweed is showing up on Caribbean beaches and cleaning up costs are in millions of dollars. But this waste can be turned into precious fuels. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3354,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$da\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/sea-bricks-ceo-john-richardson-sustainable-alternative-construction-sea\\\"\u003eCould seaweed bricks provide the key to more sustainable construction at sea?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/amazon-tests-carbon-removal-seaweed-farm\\\"\u003eAmazon tests carbon removal with seaweed farming between wind turbines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/health/electronic-device-seaweed-monitor-health\\\"\u003eAn edible electronic device made from seaweed will track your health\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"energy/seaweed-biofuel-cars-barbados\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-25T11:15:23\",\"timeAgo\":\"2 days ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-25T11:43:11\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 25, 2024 06:15 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 25, 2024 06:43 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SW.jpg\",\"title\":\"Engineers turn rotten seaweed into car fuel, aim to cut 14 million-ton of CO2\",\"name\":\"Engineers turn rotten seaweed into car fuel, aim to cut 14 million-ton of CO2\",\"alt_text\":\"Engineers turn rotten seaweed into car fuel, aim to cut 14 million-ton of CO2\",\"description\":\"Stock image of seaweed removed from the ocean. \",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/seaweed-fresh-from-the-ocean-in-the-sunlight-gm1454974913-490457425?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Ameya Paleja\",\"slug\":\"ameya-paleja\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/Uy0OTzksC7lW.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"ameya-paleja\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/ameya-paleja\",\"description\":\"Ameya is a science writer based in Hyderabad, India. A Molecular Biologist at heart, he traded the micropipette to write about science during the pandemic and does not want to go back. He likes to write about genetics, microbes, technology, and public policy.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eRum and Sargassum, a startup in Barbados in the Caribbean islands, is turning rum waste from distilleries and seaweed washed off onto the shores to produce bio-compressed natural gas to fuel cars. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe startup was founded by mechanical engineer Legena Henry and her data scientist husband to help the country continue to attract tourists while also meeting its net zero goals. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eSargassum, or seaweed, has been invading Caribbean beaches for over a decade. The warming oceans and increased marine pollution have propelled the weed growth in the Sargasso Sea, which gets washed up on the pristine beaches in the Caribbean.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$db\",\"$dc\",\"$dd\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/seaweed-biofuel-cars-barbados\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Stock image of seaweed removed from the ocean. \",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/seaweed-fresh-from-the-ocean-in-the-sunlight-gm1454974913-490457425?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/sea-bricks-ceo-john-richardson-sustainable-alternative-construction-sea\\\"\u003eCould seaweed bricks provide the key to more sustainable construction at sea?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/amazon-tests-carbon-removal-seaweed-farm\\\"\u003eAmazon tests carbon removal with seaweed farming between wind turbines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/health/electronic-device-seaweed-monitor-health\\\"\u003eAn edible electronic device made from seaweed will track your health\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"}],\"popular\":[{\"id\":123179,\"tags\":[\"Animals\",\"Archaelogy\",\"Culture\",\"Fossils\",\"Lizard\",\"paleontology\",\"worm fossil\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Animals\",\"slug\":\"animals\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/animals\"},{\"name\":\"Archaelogy\",\"slug\":\"archaelogy\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/archaelogy\"},{\"name\":\"Culture\",\"slug\":\"culture\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/culture\"},{\"name\":\"Fossils\",\"slug\":\"fossils\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/fossils\"},{\"name\":\"Lizard\",\"slug\":\"lizard\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/lizard\"},{\"name\":\"paleontology\",\"slug\":\"paleontology\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/paleontology\"},{\"name\":\"worm fossil\",\"slug\":\"worm-fossil\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/worm-fossil\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Science\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Science\",\"slug\":\"science\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/science\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$de\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"science\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":8,\"title\":\"World’s largest worm lizards’ teeth crushed snail shells 50 million years ago \",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThis massive amphisbaenian likely lived on the ground surface, preying on snails with its formidable jaws.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThis massive amphisbaenian likely lived on the ground surface, preying on snails with its formidable jaws.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3474,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$df\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/burmese-python-turns-massive-rival-snake-into-dinner\\\"\u003e10-foot Burmese python eats massive rival snake for dinner in a world-first\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/world-first-snakelets-born-from-frozen-semen\\\"\u003eUS: World-first snakelets born from frozen semen to save the species\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mamba-cobra-ancestors-history\\\"\u003eRewriting reptile hiss-tory: Genetics reveal cobras’ 46-million-year old secret\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T12:41:26\",\"timeAgo\":\"a day ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T12:41:34\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 07:41 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 07:41 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screen-Shot-2024-11-26-at-2.19.22-PM.png\",\"title\":\"World’s largest worm lizards’ teeth crushed snail shells 50 million years ago \",\"name\":\"World’s largest worm lizards’ teeth crushed snail shells 50 million years ago \",\"alt_text\":\"World’s largest worm lizards’ teeth crushed snail shells 50 million years ago \",\"description\":\"Life reconstruction of Terastiodontosaurus marcelosanchezi ready to prey on a large snail of the family Bulimulidae. \",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://academic.oup.com/view-large/figure/494657277/zlae133_fig24.jpg\\\"\u003eJaime Chirinos\u003c/a\u003e.\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Maria Mocerino\",\"slug\":\"maria-mocerino\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b13b723c1c12c2feb2e14a19e63d68a9?s=96\u0026d=mm\u0026r=g\",\"page_url\":\"maria-mocerino\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/maria-mocerino\",\"description\":\"Originally from LA, Maria Mocerino has been published in Business Insider, The Irish Examiner, The Rogue Mag, Chacruna Institute for Psychedelic Plant Medicines, and now Interesting Engineering.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers in Tunisia found the largest “worm lizard” that has ever lived with a feeding strategy that has remained consistent for millions of years.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe recently identified \u003cem\u003eTerastiodontosaurus marcelosanchezi\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;existed a whopping 50 million years ago at a time when warm temperatures might have encouraged its astonishing growth. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eSlithering up to three feet long, the reptile belongs to a new genus and species of\u0026nbsp;amphisbaenians, a “charismatic group” of “legless lizards” that has “attracted and puzzled researchers since the 19\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;century.” \u003c/p\u003e\",\"$e0\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“Our discovery from Tunisia, with an estimated skull length exceeding five centimeters, is the largest known worm lizard species,” Dr. Georgios L. Georgalis, the research head, explained. “All evidence indicates that the new species is related to the modern-day checkerboard worm lizard.” \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eUsing micro-computed tomography, they assessed the anatomy of the new taxon against other\u0026nbsp;amphisbaenians. The\u0026nbsp;Terastiodontosaurus\u0026nbsp;showed an “extreme dental morphology, including one massive tooth on the maxilla and dentary, flat cheek teeth, and an array of other diagnostic features that readily differentiate from all other amphisbaenians.”\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003e“Visually, you can imagine the animal as a ‘sandworm’ from the ‘Dune’ science fiction novels and their movie adaptation. Based on the tooth structure and the unusually thick enamel, we can deduce that the animals had enormous muscle strength in their jaws,” Georgalis\u0026nbsp;continued in a recent press release.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$e1\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cfigure class=\\\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\\\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\\\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\\\"\u003e\\n\u003ciframe loading=\\\"lazy\\\" title=\\\"How Reptiles Helped Solve Problems\\\" width=\\\"500\\\" height=\\\"281\\\" src=\\\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/u6ysfXo1x9Y?feature=oembed\\\" frameborder=\\\"0\\\" allow=\\\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\\\" referrerpolicy=\\\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\\\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\\n\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/largest-worm-lizard-ever-found-on-earth\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Life reconstruction of Terastiodontosaurus marcelosanchezi ready to prey on a large snail of the family Bulimulidae. \",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://academic.oup.com/view-large/figure/494657277/zlae133_fig24.jpg\\\"\u003eJaime Chirinos\u003c/a\u003e.\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/culture/burmese-python-turns-massive-rival-snake-into-dinner\\\"\u003e10-foot Burmese python eats massive rival snake for dinner in a world-first\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/world-first-snakelets-born-from-frozen-semen\\\"\u003eUS: World-first snakelets born from frozen semen to save the species\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/mamba-cobra-ancestors-history\\\"\u003eRewriting reptile hiss-tory: Genetics reveal cobras’ 46-million-year old secret\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123219,\"tags\":[\"Energy \u0026amp; 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A Molecular Biologist at heart, he traded the micropipette to write about science during the pandemic and does not want to go back. He likes to write about genetics, microbes, technology, and public policy.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers at the Institute of Science Tokyo, in collaboration with Yokohama National University, Nippon Nuclear Fuel Development, and the National Institute for Fusion Science, tested Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) alloys with liquid metal flow at 1112°F (600°C) to simulate a fusion blanket environment. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe anti-corrosive properties of the alloys demonstrated in these tests will help develop the material durability of nuclear fusion reactors. 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\\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/nuclear-fusion-fuel-breakthrough\\\"\u003ePrinceton achieves 10x reduction in tritium needs for nuclear fusion\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/energy/new-material-to-power-smr\\\"\u003eSpace-Age material to boost next-gen modular nuclear fusion reactors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123188,\"tags\":[\"BCI\",\"Elon Musk\",\"Neuralink\",\"Robotic 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implant.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7o39CzHgug\u0026amp;t=54s\\\"\u003eYouTube/Neuralink\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Abhishek Bhardwaj\",\"slug\":\"abhishek-bhardwaj\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fbcdcc4743ba51aaf4b00bb079bffc78?s=96\u0026d=mm\u0026r=g\",\"page_url\":\"abhishek-bhardwaj\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/abhishek-bhardwaj\",\"description\":\"Abhishek brings a wealth of experience in covering diverse stories across different beats. Having contributed to renowned wire agencies and Indian media outlets like ANI and NDTV, he is keenly interested in Tech, Business and Defense coverage.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eElon Musk’s Neuralink, the brain-computer interface firm, said it has received a green light to launch a new feasibility study for using its brain implant and a robotic arm.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThrough a post on X, Neuralink announced the approval and launch of the feasibility study to extend brain-computer interface (BCI) control using the N1 implant to “an investigational assistive robotic arm.”\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eThe startup says that the launch of the study is an important step towards restoring not just digital but also physical freedom in those that need it the most.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"$ea\",\"$eb\",\"$ec\"],\"paywall_parts\":\"\",\"first_paragraph\":\"\",\"comment_count\":0,\"last_part_count\":0,\"permalink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/science/neuralink-bci-interface-control-robot-arm\",\"video_recommendations\":[],\"source_type\":0,\"source_target\":\"\",\"connatix_script_id\":\"\",\"connatix_media_id\":\"\",\"acf_data\":{\"ie_id\":\"\",\"ie_score\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image\":\"\",\"ie_featured_image_description\":\"Artistic representation of a cursor being controlled using Neuralink implant.\",\"ie_featured_image_reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7o39CzHgug\u0026amp;t=54s\\\"\u003eYouTube/Neuralink\u003c/a\u003e\",\"ie_related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/elon-musks-neuralink-second-brain-chip\\\"\u003eNeuralink’s 1st brain implant stable, Elon Musk seeks next volunteer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/neuralink-second-brain-chip\\\"\u003eNeuralink brain chip ‘working very well’ in 2nd patient, says Elon Musk\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/neuralink-blindsight-wins-fda-breakthrough-tag\\\"\u003eFDA calls Neuralink’s Blindsight a ‘breakthrough’ as Musk eyes vision for blind\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"settings\":{\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false},\"affiliate\":null,\"sponsor_type\":false,\"company_name\":\"\",\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":\"\",\"sponsor_link\":\"\",\"update_date\":\"\"},\"articleAudio\":\"\"},{\"id\":123181,\"tags\":[\"Defense \u0026amp; Military\",\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"engine\",\"Fighter jets\",\"Innovation\",\"Inventions and Machines\"],\"date\":\"\",\"tagsWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Defense \u0026amp; Military\",\"slug\":\"defense-military\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/defense-military\"},{\"name\":\"Energy \u0026amp; Environment\",\"slug\":\"energy-environment\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/energy-environment\"},{\"name\":\"engine\",\"slug\":\"engine\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/engine\"},{\"name\":\"Fighter jets\",\"slug\":\"fighter-jets\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/fighter-jets\"},{\"name\":\"Innovation\",\"slug\":\"innovation\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/innovation\"},{\"name\":\"Inventions and Machines\",\"slug\":\"inventions-and-machines\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/tag/inventions-and-machines\"}],\"name\":\"\",\"categories\":[\"Military\"],\"categoriesWithData\":[{\"name\":\"Military\",\"slug\":\"military\",\"link\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/category/military\"}],\"is_sponsored\":false,\"yoast_head\":\"$ed\",\"is_ces_article\":false,\"is_affiliate\":false,\"affiliateItems\":[],\"is_photo_story\":false,\"type\":3,\"version\":3,\"category\":\"military\",\"secondary_category\":null,\"category_id\":19,\"title\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; \",\"abstract\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe new afterburner technology also reduces engine wear by as much as 80%. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe new afterburner technology also reduces engine wear by as much as 80%. \u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"word_count\":3586,\"readTime\":\"3 minutes\",\"body\":\"$ee\",\"related_content\":\"\u003cul\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/this-jet-engine-afterburner-puts-other-go-karts-to-shame\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eThis Jet Engine Afterburner Puts Other Go-Karts to Shame\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/how-a-jet-engine-works\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eHow a Jet Engine Works\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/worlds-most-powerful-jet-engines-repaired\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eHere is how the world’s most powerful jet engines are repaired\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n\u003c/ul\u003e\",\"has_no_index\":0,\"url\":\"military/chinas-new-jet-afterburner-99-efficiency\",\"publish_date\":\"2024-11-26T10:33:22\",\"timeAgo\":\"a day ago\",\"update_date\":\"2024-11-26T10:38:00\",\"formatted_publish_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 05:33 AM EST\",\"formatted_update_date\":\"Nov 26, 2024 05:38 AM EST\",\"is_premium\":false,\"is_seo\":false,\"is_listicle\":false,\"show_ads\":1,\"layout\":0,\"episode_number\":-1,\"is_trend\":false,\"faqs\":[],\"attachments\":{\"main_image\":{\"src\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Chinese-afterburner.jpg\",\"title\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; \",\"name\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; \",\"alt_text\":\"China\u0026#8217;s 99% efficient afterburner tech could make it \u0026#8216;unrivaled in air combat\u0026#8217; \",\"description\":\"Stock image of an F-22 \\\"Raptor\\\" with its afterburners engaged.\",\"reference\":\"\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/stealth-fighter-jet-with-afterburners-and-clipping-path-gm187055847-26579617?searchscope=image%2Cfilm\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eiStock\u003c/a\u003e\"}},\"embed_url\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"author\":{\"owner\":[{\"name\":\"Christopher McFadden\",\"slug\":\"christopher-mcfadden\",\"surname\":\"\",\"avatar\":\"https://images.interestingengineering.com/avatars/XT3vqpiaHT53.jpg\",\"page_url\":\"christopher-mcfadden\",\"author_url\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/christopher-mcfadden\",\"description\":\"Christopher graduated from Cardiff University in 2004 with a Masters Degree in Geology. Since then, he has worked exclusively within the Built Environment, Occupational Health and Safety and Environmental Consultancy industries. He is a qualified and accredited Energy Consultant, Green Deal Assessor and Practitioner member of IEMA. Chris\u0026rsquo;s main interests range from Science and Engineering, Military and Ancient History to Politics and Philosophy.\"}]},\"body_parts\":[\"\\n\u003cp\u003eChinese scientists have developed what they claim to be the world\u0026#8217;s first near-100% efficient jet engine afterburner. If true, this new technology could give Chinese jet aircraft a significant \u0026#8216;edge in air combat.\u0026#8217;\u003c/p\u003e\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cp\u003eDeveloped by researchers at the Aero Engine Academy of China in Beijing, the new afterburner technology has a burn efficiency of over 99%. This would meet the fuel efficiency of jet engines under cruise conditions. \u003c/p\u003e\",\"$ef\",\"$f0\",\"$f1\",\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\u003cfigure class=\\\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\\\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\\\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\\\"\u003e\\n\u003ciframe loading=\\\"lazy\\\" title=\\\"The Return of the Ekranoplan\\\" width=\\\"500\\\" height=\\\"281\\\" src=\\\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/q-hr-Qc4Dz0?feature=oembed\\\" frameborder=\\\"0\\\" allow=\\\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\\\" referrerpolicy=\\\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\\\" 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href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/this-jet-engine-afterburner-puts-other-go-karts-to-shame\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eThis Jet Engine Afterburner Puts Other Go-Karts to Shame\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/how-a-jet-engine-works\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eHow a Jet Engine Works\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\\r\\n \\t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\\\"https://interestingengineering.com/videos/worlds-most-powerful-jet-engines-repaired\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"\u003eHere is how the world’s most powerful jet engines are 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22:53:19\",\"is_video\":false,\"is_premium_article\":false,\"is_affiliate_article\":false,\"is_seo_article\":false,\"is_listicle_article\":false,\"is_sponsored_article\":false,\"sponsor_type\":null,\"company_name\":null,\"company_logo\":null,\"company_logo_url\":null,\"sponsor_link\":null,\"excerpt\":\"Using copper coils instead of rare Earth materials in the motor’s rotating part is much more accessible.\",\"image\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-design-2024-11-27T021916.763.jpg\",\"estimated_reading_time_minutes\":3,\"author\":{\"id\":62711,\"name\":\"Kapil 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