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class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Louis B. Mayer</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 38 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D9%8A._%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="لويس بي. ماير – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لويس بي. ماير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Луіс Барт Маер – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Луіс Барт Маер" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Луис Майер – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Луис Майер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C._%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="لویی بی. میر – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لویی بی. میر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99_%D7%91._%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8" title="לואי ב. מאייר – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לואי ב. מאייר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BBB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC" title="ルイス・B・メイヤー – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルイス・B・メイヤー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ლუი მაიერი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუი მაიერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Луис Барт Майер – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Луис Барт Майер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4_B._%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4" title="루이 B. 메이어 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루이 B. 메이어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luijs_B._Meiers" title="Luijs B. Meiers – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Luijs B. Meiers" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%91._%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Луис Б. Мајер – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Луис Б. Мајер" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Майер, Луис Барт – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Майер, Луис Барт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5._%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="หลุยส์ บี. เมเยอร์ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หลุยส์ บี. เมเยอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%97%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%94%D1%80" title="Луїс Барт Маєр – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Луїс Барт Маєр" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Louis B. Mayer" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Louis B. 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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet cinema" style="background-color:#F0E68C;color:#000000;">Louis B. Mayer</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Louis_B_Mayer_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Louis_B_Mayer_cropped.jpg/220px-Louis_B_Mayer_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Louis_B_Mayer_cropped.jpg/330px-Louis_B_Mayer_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Louis_B_Mayer_cropped.jpg/440px-Louis_B_Mayer_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="1518" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F0E68C;color:#000000;">Date personale</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Născut</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;"><time datetime="1884-07-12"><a href="/wiki/30_iunie" title="30 iunie">30 iunie</a>/<a href="/wiki/12_iulie" title="12 iulie">12 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1884" title="1884">1884</a></time> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P569" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AEmer" title="Dîmer">Dîmer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gubernia_Kiev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gubernia Kiev — pagină inexistentă">gubernia Kiev</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437277" class="extiw" title="d:Q1437277"><span title="gubernia Kiev la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Rus" title="Imperiul Rus">Imperiul Rus</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P19" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Decedat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;"><time datetime="1957-10-29"><a href="/wiki/29_octombrie" title="29 octombrie">29 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a></time> (73 de ani)<sup id="cite_ref-7b89d4049f74d3ebc4662b6024053082_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7b89d4049f74d3ebc4662b6024053082-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P570" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">SUA</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P20" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cauza decesului</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Moarte_din_cauze_naturale" title="Moarte din cauze naturale">cauze naturale</a> (<a href="/wiki/Leucemie" title="Leucemie">leucemie</a>) <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P509" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Căsătorit cu</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22673697" class="extiw" title="d:Q22673697"><span lang="en">Lorena Layson</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Lorena Layson</span> ((20 Mar 1907 - certain 27 Mar 1985))|]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1948">1948</time>–<time datetime="1957">1957</time>)</small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22673695" class="extiw" title="d:Q22673695"><span lang="en">Margaret Shenberg</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Margaret Shenberg</span> ((1883-1955))|]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1903">1903</time>–<time datetime="1947">1947</time>)</small> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P26" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Copii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Irene_Mayer_Selznick" title="Irene Mayer Selznick">Irene Mayer Selznick</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72981052" class="extiw" title="d:Q72981052"><span lang="en">Edith Goetz</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Edith Goetz</span> (American art collector and artist (1905-1988))|]]</span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P40" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cetățenie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statele Unite ale Americii</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Rus" title="Imperiul Rus">Imperiul Rus</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P27" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ocupație</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Produc%C4%83tor_de_film" title="Producător de film">producător de film</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Scenarist" title="Scenarist">scenarist</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P106" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Locul desfășurării activității</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203403" class="extiw" title="d:Q203403"><span lang="en">Saint John</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Saint John</span> (city in New Brunswick, Canada)|]]</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54132" class="extiw" title="d:Q54132"><span lang="en">Haverhill</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Haverhill</span> (city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States)|]]</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P937" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi vorbite</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Limba_idi%C8%99" title="Limba idiș">limba idiș</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Limba_englez%C4%83" title="Limba engleză">limba engleză</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P1412" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F0E68C;color:#000000;"><a href="/wiki/Premii_Oscar" class="mw-redirect" title="Premii Oscar">Premii Oscar</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Premiul_Oscar_onorific" title="Premiul Oscar onorific">Întreaga carieră</a> (<a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a>) <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P166" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F0E68C;color:#000000;">Alte premii</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857933" class="extiw" title="d:Q857933"><span lang="en">Canada's Walk of Fame</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Canada's Walk of Fame</span> (street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada)|]]</span> (<a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>)<br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17985761" class="extiw" title="d:Q17985761">Stea pe Hollywood Walk of Fame</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stea_pe_Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame_(award_in_the_Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame,_Hollywood,_California,_United_States)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stea pe Hollywood Walk of Fame (award in the Hollywood Walk of Fame, Hollywood, California, United States) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682#P166" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F0E68C;color:#000000;">Semnătură</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Mayer_podpis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mayer_podpis.jpg/150px-Mayer_podpis.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mayer_podpis.jpg/225px-Mayer_podpis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mayer_podpis.jpg/300px-Mayer_podpis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="88" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##F0E68C solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319682" class="extiw" title="d:Q319682">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&action=edit&section=0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Actor" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16573438">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Judygarland_mickeyrooney_louisbmayer_mgmpublicitystill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Judygarland_mickeyrooney_louisbmayer_mgmpublicitystill.jpg/220px-Judygarland_mickeyrooney_louisbmayer_mgmpublicitystill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Judygarland_mickeyrooney_louisbmayer_mgmpublicitystill.jpg/330px-Judygarland_mickeyrooney_louisbmayer_mgmpublicitystill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Judygarland_mickeyrooney_louisbmayer_mgmpublicitystill.jpg/440px-Judygarland_mickeyrooney_louisbmayer_mgmpublicitystill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="473" /></a><figcaption>Louis B. Mayer (dreapta) împreună cu <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rooney" title="Mickey Rooney">Mickey Rooney</a> (stânga) și <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> (mijloc)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Louis B. Mayer</b> (născut Lazar Meir; n. <time datetime="1884-07-12"><a href="/wiki/30_iunie" title="30 iunie">30 iunie</a>/<a href="/wiki/12_iulie" title="12 iulie">12 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1884" title="1884">1884</a></time>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%AEmer" title="Dîmer">Dîmer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gubernia_Kiev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gubernia Kiev — pagină inexistentă">gubernia Kiev</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437277" class="extiw" title="d:Q1437277"><span title="gubernia Kiev la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Rus" title="Imperiul Rus">Imperiul Rus</a> – d. <time datetime="1957-10-29"><a href="/wiki/29_octombrie" title="29 octombrie">29 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a></time>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">SUA</a>) a fost un producător de film din „Epoca de Aur” a <a href="/wiki/Hollywood" title="Hollywood">Hollywood</a>-ului, cunoscut ca fiind directorul și cofondatorul studioului <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a>. </p><p>Este, de obicei, citat ca fiind creatorul sistemului de „stele” în cadrul studioului Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer în anii săi de glorie, când Mayer dorea ca studioul său să aibă „mai multe stele decât sunt pe cer”. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Copilăria"><span id="Copil.C4.83ria"></span>Copilăria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Copilăria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Copilăria"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Louis B. Mayer s-a născut în <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a>, astăzi capitala <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarusului</a>, la acea vreme parte a <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_%C8%9Aarist" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiul Țarist">Imperiului Țarist</a> într-o familie de evrei. Mayer a emigrat împreună cu familia sa în Saint John, New Brunswick, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> când încă era foarte tânăr și a mers la scoală acolo. Tatăl său a început o afacere în domeniul colectării de fier vechi. Părinții săi, Sarah și Jacob Mayer au avut cinci copii: Yetta, Ida, Louis, Jerry și Rudolph. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Începutul_carierei"><span id=".C3.8Enceputul_carierei"></span>Începutul carierei</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Începutul carierei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Începutul carierei"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mayer a renovat cinematograful „Gem Theater” din Haverhill, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, cu o capacitate de 600 de locuri, pe care l-a redeschis pe <a href="/wiki/28_noiembrie" title="28 noiembrie">28 noiembrie</a>, <a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a> ca primul său cinematograf. Pentru a șterge reputația negativă pe care clădirea o avea în cadrul comunității, Mayer a decis să debuteze prin rularea unui film religios. În câțiva ani avea să dețină toate cele cinci cinematografe din Haverhill și, împreună cu Nathan H. Gordon, a creat parteneriatul Gordon-Mayer care controla cel mai mare lanț de cinematografe din <a href="/wiki/Noua_Anglie" title="Noua Anglie">Noua Anglie</a> (New England). În 1916 Mayer a încheiat un parteneriat cu Richard A. Rowland pentru a crea Mayer Pictures Corporation în <a href="/wiki/New_York_(ora%C8%99)" title="New York (oraș)">New York</a>, o companie pentru agenții actorilor și regizorilor. </p><p>Doi ani mai târziu, Mayer s-a mutat în <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> și și-a format propria companie de producție, Louis B. Mayer Pictures Corporation. Prima producție a fost în 1918 cu <i>Virtuous Wives</i>. Marea lovitură a lui Mayer a venit în aprilie 1924 când <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Loew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Loew — pagină inexistentă">Marcus Loew</a>, deținătorul lanțului de cinematografe Loew's Theaters, a fuzionat <a href="/wiki/Metro_Pictures" title="Metro Pictures">Metro Pictures</a>, Goldwyn Pictures Corporation (deținut de <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Goldwyn" title="Samuel Goldwyn">Samuel Goldwyn</a>) și Mayer Pictures pentru a crea <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> sub supravegherea lui Nicholas Schenck din New York. Ocupând poziția de <i>Vice-președinte și director de producție</i>, Louis B. Mayer a avut practic ultimul cuvânt în tot ce era legat de MGM pentru următorii 27 de ani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Șeful_MGM"><span id=".C8.98eful_MGM"></span>Șeful MGM</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Șeful MGM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Șeful MGM"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Louis_B_Mayer_and_Joan_Crawford.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Louis_B_Mayer_and_Joan_Crawford.jpg/220px-Louis_B_Mayer_and_Joan_Crawford.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Louis_B_Mayer_and_Joan_Crawford.jpg/330px-Louis_B_Mayer_and_Joan_Crawford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Louis_B_Mayer_and_Joan_Crawford.jpg/440px-Louis_B_Mayer_and_Joan_Crawford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3360" data-file-height="3598" /></a><figcaption>Louis B. Mayer împreună cu <a href="/wiki/Joan_Crawford" title="Joan Crawford">Joan Crawford</a> în 1953</figcaption></figure> <p>În perioada în care Mayer s-a aflat la conducerea studioului, MGM a devenit cel mai important studio de film din lume din punct de vedere financiar și singurul care să plătească dividende în timpul <a href="/wiki/Marea_Criz%C4%83_Economic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Marea Criză Economică">Marii Crize Economice</a> din anii 1930, iar Mayer avea să devină cel mai bine plătit director executiv din <a href="/wiki/SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="SUA">SUA</a>. Cu toate acestea, s-a certat adesea cu șeful de producție, Irving Thalberg, care prefera lucrări literare și nu producții care să mulțumească publicul, cum voia Mayer. L-a demis pe Thalberg din postul de șef de producție în 1932 în timp ce acesta era în convalescență după ce a suferit un atac de cord și l-a înlocuit cu producători independenți (inclusiv cu fiul său vitreg, <a href="/wiki/David_O._Selznick" title="David O. Selznick">David O. Selznick</a>) până la moartea lui Thalberg în 1936, când Mayer a devenit șef de producție, precum și directorul studioului. Sub conducerea lui Mayer, studioul a produs multe filme de succes cu numeroase „stele” precum <a href="/wiki/Greta_Garbo" title="Greta Garbo">Greta Garbo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clark_Gable" title="Clark Gable">Clark Gable</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spencer_Tracy" title="Spencer Tracy">Spencer Tracy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Katharine_Hepburn" title="Katharine Hepburn">Katharine Hepburn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joan_Crawford" title="Joan Crawford">Joan Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> și mulți alții. </p><p>Deși Mayer avea o reputație ca fiind un oportunist fără scrupule și ca având o viziune limitată în ceea ce privește subiectele de filme cele mai adecvate, Katharine Hepburn l-a descris ca fiind un „om plăcut” (și a declarat că a negociat personal multe dintre contractele ei cu Mayer), în vreme ce actrițele tinere ca Debbie Reynolds, June Allyson și Leslie Caron, care s-au maturizat la MGM, l-au privit ca pe un tată. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ultimii_ani_și_decăderea"><span id="Ultimii_ani_.C8.99i_dec.C4.83derea"></span>Ultimii ani și decăderea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Ultimii ani și decăderea" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Ultimii ani și decăderea"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În jurul anului 1948, datorită introducerii <a href="/wiki/Televiziune" title="Televiziune">televiziunii</a> și a schimbării gusturilor publicului, MGM a suferit un declin considerabil (de fapt, pe la sfârșitul anilor 1950 MGM va ajunge în pragul falimentului). Biroul MGM din New York a decis că Dore Schary, un scenarist și producător recent angajat de la RKO Radio Pictures, ar putea schimba lucrurile. În 1951, MGM a trecut prin trei ani fără să câștige un <a href="/wiki/Premiul_Oscar" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiul Oscar">premiu Oscar</a> important, care a provocat noi conflicte între Mayer și Schenck. Sub ordinele de a controla costurile și de a angaja „un nou Thalberg”, Mayer l-a numit pe Schary ca șef de producție. Schary, care era cu 20 de ani mai tânăr decât Mayer, prefera filmele care să transmită un anumit mesaj, în comparație cu Mayer care dorea filme „sănătoase”. În 1951 Schenck l-a concediat pe Mayer din postul pe care l-a deținut timp de 27 de ani; după această întâmplare Mayer s-a retras din viața publică. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moartea">Moartea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Moartea" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Moartea"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Louis B. Mayer a murit de <a href="/wiki/Leucemie" title="Leucemie">leucemie</a> pe <a href="/wiki/29_octombrie" title="29 octombrie">29 octombrie</a>, <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> și a fost înmormântat în <i>Home of Peace Cemetery</i> din East Lost Angeles, California. Ultimele sale cuvinte (se spune) au fost „Nimic nu contează”. Cinematograful principal din campusul Universității din <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara" class="mw-disambig" title="Santa Clara">Santa Clara</a> <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> poartă numele lui Louis B. Mayer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_B._Mayer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7b89d4049f74d3ebc4662b6024053082-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7b89d4049f74d3ebc4662b6024053082_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i>Louis Burt Mayer</i>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103869751" class="extiw" title="d:Q103869751"><span lang="en">Mayer, Louis Burt (1885?–29 October 1957), motion picture producer</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Mayer, Louis Burt (1885?–29 October 1957), motion picture producer</span> (encyclopedia article)|]]</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Louis+Burt+Mayer&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3EMayer%2C+Louis+Burt+%281885%3F%E2%80%9329+October+1957%29%2C+motion+picture+producer%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cabbr+title%3D%27Articolul+%C3%AEnc%C4%83+nu+exist%C4%83+%C3%AEn+acest+wiki%27%3E%5B%2A%5D%3C%2Fabbr%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Anone%22%3E%26%238203%3B%3C%2Fspan%3ECategorie%3AArticole+cu+leg%C4%83turi+c%C4%83tre+elemente+f%C4%83r%C4%83+etichet%C4%83+%C3%AEn+limba+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+B.+Mayer" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> necesită <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.scu.edu/">[1]</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;color:#000060; background:lightgrey;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style="color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Time_100:_Cei_mai_importan%C8%9Bi_oameni_ai_secolului_XX" title="Format:Time 100: Cei mai importanți oameni ai secolului XX"><span title="Vizualizare format" style="color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Time_100:_Cei_mai_importan%C8%9Bi_oameni_ai_secolului_XX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Time 100: Cei mai importanți oameni ai secolului XX — pagină inexistentă"><span title="Discuție format" style="color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;border:none;;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Time_100:_Cei_mai_importan%C8%9Bi_oameni_ai_secolului_XX&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style="color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century">Time 100: Cei mai importanți oameni ai secolului XX</a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style="color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;;">Lideri și revoluționari </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Ben_Gurion" title="David Ben Gurion">David Ben Gurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihail_Gorbaciov" title="Mihail Gorbaciov">Mihail Gorbaciov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_%C8%98i_Min" title="Ho Și Min">Ho Și Min</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papa_Ioan_Paul_al_II-lea" title="Papa Ioan Paul al II-lea">Papa Ioan Paul al II-lea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ruhollah Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King" title="Martin Luther King">Martin Luther King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Ilici_Lenin" title="Vladimir Ilici Lenin">Vladimir Ilici Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt">Franklin Delano Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sanger" title="Margaret Sanger">Margaret Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omul_din_Pia%C8%9Ba_Tiananmen" title="Omul din Piața Tiananmen">Omul din Piața Tiananmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></li></ul></div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="9"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Time_Magazine_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Time_Magazine_logo.svg/75px-Time_Magazine_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Time_Magazine_logo.svg/113px-Time_Magazine_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Time_Magazine_logo.svg/150px-Time_Magazine_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="92" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style="color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;;">Artiști și animatori </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel" title="Coco Chanel">Coco Chanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Corbusier" title="Le Corbusier">Le Corbusier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Henson" title="Jim Henson">Jim Henson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodgers_%C8%99i_Hammerstein" title="Rodgers și Hammerstein">Rodgers și Hammerstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bart_Simpson" title="Bart Simpson">Bart Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinski" title="Igor Stravinski">Igor Stravinski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style="color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;;">Făuritori și titani </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Bechtel_Sr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Bechtel Sr. — pagină inexistentă">Stephen Bechtel Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Burnett" title="Leo Burnett">Leo Burnett</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willis_Carrier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willis Carrier — pagină inexistentă">Willis Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford" title="Henry Ford">Henry Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amadeo_Giannini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amadeo Giannini — pagină inexistentă">Amadeo Giannini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_Kroc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ray Kroc — pagină inexistentă">Ray Kroc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder" title="Estée Lauder">Estée Lauder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Levitt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Levitt — pagină inexistentă">William Levitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucky_Luciano" title="Lucky Luciano">Lucky Luciano</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Louis B. Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_E._Merrill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles E. Merrill — pagină inexistentă">Charles E. Merrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita">Akio Morita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Reuther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Reuther — pagină inexistentă">Walter Reuther</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pete_Rozelle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pete Rozelle — pagină inexistentă">Pete Rozelle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Sarnoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Sarnoff — pagină inexistentă">David Sarnoff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Trippe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan Trippe — pagină inexistentă">Juan Trippe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sam_Walton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sam Walton — pagină inexistentă">Sam Walton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Watson_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas J. Watson Jr. — pagină inexistentă">Thomas J. Watson Jr.</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style="color:#000060; background:lightgrey;;;">Oameni de știință și gânditori </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Baekeland" title="Leo Baekeland">Leo Baekeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson" title="Rachel Carson">Rachel Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philo_Farnsworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philo Farnsworth — pagină inexistentă">Philo Farnsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Alexander Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Goddard" title="Robert H. Goddard">Robert H. Goddard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del" title="Kurt Gödel">Kurt Gödel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Hubble" title="Edwin Hubble">Edwin Hubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_Keynes" title="John Maynard Keynes">John Maynard Keynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familia_Leakey" title="Familia Leakey">Familia Leakey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Piaget" title="Jean Piaget">Jean Piaget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Salk" title="Jonas Salk">Jonas Salk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bradford_Shockley" title="William Bradford Shockley">William Bradford Shockley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing" title="Alan Turing">Alan Turing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a> & <a href="/wiki/James_D._Watson" title="James D. Watson">James D. 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