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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Exodus 9 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/5001com.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="../spec.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 4800px), only screen and (max-device-width: 4800px)" href="/4801.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 1550px), only screen and (max-device-width: 1550px)" href="/1551.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 1250px), only screen and (max-device-width: 1250px)" href="/1251.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 1050px), only screen and (max-device-width: 1050px)" href="/1051.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 900px), only screen and (max-device-width: 900px)" href="/901.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 800px), only screen and (max-device-width: 800px)" href="/801.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 575px), only screen and (max-device-width: 575px)" href="/501.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-height: 450px), only screen and (max-device-height: 450px)" href="/h451.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-LR4HSKRP2H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-LR4HSKRP2H'); </script><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="../cmenus/exodus/9.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmcom/exodus/9-1.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="//biblehub.com">Bible</a> > <a href="../">Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary</a> > Exodus 9</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="../exodus/8.htm" title="Exodus 8">◄</a> Exodus 9 <a href="../exodus/10.htm" title="Exodus 10">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheading">Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary</div><div class="chap"><div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-1.htm">Exodus 9:1</a></div><div class="verse">Then the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh, and tell him, Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me.</div><div class="comm">CHAPTER 9<p>Ex 9:1-7. Murrain of Beasts.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-2.htm">Exodus 9:2</a></div><div class="verse">For if thou refuse to let <i>them</i> go, and wilt hold them still,</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-3.htm">Exodus 9:3</a></div><div class="verse">Behold, the hand of the LORD is upon thy cattle which <i>is</i> in the field, upon the horses, upon the asses, upon the camels, upon the oxen, and upon the sheep: <i>there shall be</i> a very grievous murrain.</div><div class="comm">3-5. Behold, the hand of the Lord is upon thy cattle—A fifth application was made to Pharaoh in behalf of the Israelites by Moses, who was instructed to tell him that, if he persisted in opposing their departure, a pestilence would be sent among all the flocks and herds of the Egyptians, while those of the Israelites would be spared. As he showed no intention of keeping his promise, he was still a mark for the arrows of the Almighty's quiver, and the threatened plague of which he was forewarned was executed. But it is observable that in this instance it was not inflicted through the instrumentality or waving of Aaron's rod, but directly by the hand of the Lord, and the fixing of the precise time tended still further to determine the true character of the calamity (Jer 12:4).</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-4.htm">Exodus 9:4</a></div><div class="verse">And the LORD shall sever between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of Egypt: and there shall nothing die of all <i>that is</i> the children's of Israel.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-5.htm">Exodus 9:5</a></div><div class="verse">And the LORD appointed a set time, saying, To morrow the LORD shall do this thing in the land.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-6.htm">Exodus 9:6</a></div><div class="verse">And the LORD did that thing on the morrow, and all the cattle of Egypt died: but of the cattle of the children of Israel died not one.</div><div class="comm">6. all the cattle of Egypt died—not absolutely every beast, for we find (Ex 9:19, 21) that there were still some left; but a great many died of each herd—the mortality was frequent and widespread. The adaptation of this judgment consisted in Egyptians venerating the more useful animals such as the ox, the cow, and the ram; in all parts of the country temples were reared and divine honors paid to these domesticated beasts, and thus while the pestilence caused a great loss in money, it also struck a heavy blow at their superstition.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7</a></div><div class="verse">And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.</div><div class="comm">7. Pharaoh sent … there was not one of the cattle of the Israelites dead—The despatch of confidential messengers indicates that he would not give credit to vague reports, and we may conclude that some impression had been made on his mind by that extraordinary exemption, but it was neither a good nor a permanent impression. His pride and obstinacy were in no degree subdued.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-8.htm">Exodus 9:8</a></div><div class="verse">And the LORD said unto Moses and unto Aaron, Take to you handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward the heaven in the sight of Pharaoh.</div><div class="comm">Ex 9:8-17. Plague of Boils.<p>8. Take to you handfuls of ashes, &c.—The next plague assailed the persons of the Egyptians, and it appeared in the form of ulcerous eruptions upon the skin and flesh (Le 13:20; 2Ki 20:7; Job 2:7). That this epidemic did not arise from natural causes was evident from its taking effect from the particular action of Moses done in the sight of Pharaoh. The attitude he assumed was similar to that of Eastern magicians, who, "when they pronounce an imprecation on an individual, a village, or a country, take the ashes of cows' dung (that is, from a common fire) and throw them in the air, saying to the objects of their displeasure, such a sickness or such a curse shall come upon you" [Roberts].</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-9.htm">Exodus 9:9</a></div><div class="verse">And it shall become small dust in all the land of Egypt, and shall be a boil breaking forth <i>with</i> blains upon man, and upon beast, throughout all the land of Egypt.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-10.htm">Exodus 9:10</a></div><div class="verse">And they took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh; and Moses sprinkled it up toward heaven; and it became a boil breaking forth <i>with</i> blains upon man, and upon beast.</div><div class="comm">10. Moses took ashes from the furnace—Hebrew, "brick-kiln." The magicians, being sufferers in their own persons, could do nothing, though they had been called; and as the brick-kiln was one of the principal instruments of oppression to the Israelites [De 4:20; 1Ki 8:51; Jer 11:4], it was now converted into a means of chastisement to the Egyptians, who were made to read their sin in their punishment.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-11.htm">Exodus 9:11</a></div><div class="verse">And the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils; for the boil was upon the magicians, and upon all the Egyptians.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-12.htm">Exodus 9:12</a></div><div class="verse">And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken unto Moses.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-13.htm">Exodus 9:13</a></div><div class="verse">And the LORD said unto Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-14.htm">Exodus 9:14</a></div><div class="verse">For I will at this time send all my plagues upon thine heart, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people; that thou mayest know that <i>there is</i> none like me in all the earth.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-15.htm">Exodus 9:15</a></div><div class="verse">For now I will stretch out my hand, that I may smite thee and thy people with pestilence; and thou shalt be cut off from the earth.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-16.htm">Exodus 9:16</a></div><div class="verse">And in very deed for this <i>cause</i> have I raised thee up, for to shew <i>in</i> thee my power; and that my name may be declared throughout all the earth.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-17.htm">Exodus 9:17</a></div><div class="verse">As yet exaltest thou thyself against my people, that thou wilt not let them go?</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-18.htm">Exodus 9:18</a></div><div class="verse">Behold, to morrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the foundation thereof even until now.</div><div class="comm">Ex 9:18-35. Plague of Hail.<p>18. I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, &c.—The seventh plague which Pharaoh's hardened heart provoked was that of hail, a phenomenon which must have produced the greatest astonishment and consternation in Egypt as rain and hailstones, accompanied by thunder and lightning, were very rare occurrences.<p>such as hath not been in Egypt—In the Delta, or lower Egypt, where the scene is laid, rain occasionally falls between January and March—hail is not unknown, and thunder sometimes heard. But a storm, not only exhibiting all these elements, but so terrific that hailstones of immense size fell, thunder pealed in awful volleys, and lightning swept the ground like fire, was an unexampled calamity.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-19.htm">Exodus 9:19</a></div><div class="verse">Send therefore now, <i>and</i> gather thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field; <i>for upon</i> every man and beast which shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-20.htm">Exodus 9:20</a></div><div class="verse">He that feared the word of the LORD among the servants of Pharaoh made his servants and his cattle flee into the houses:</div><div class="comm">20, 21. He that feared the word of the Lord … regarded not, &c.—Due premonition, it appears, had been publicly given of the impending tempest—the cattle seem to have been sent out to graze, which is from January to April, when alone pasturage can be obtained, and accordingly the cattle were in the fields. This storm occurring at that season, not only struck universal terror into the minds of the people, but occasioned the destruction of all—people and cattle—which, in neglect of the warning, had been left in the fields, as well as of all vegetation [Ex 9:25]. It was the more appalling because hailstones in Egypt are small and of little force; lightning also is scarcely ever known to produce fatal effects; and to enhance the wonder, not a trace of any storm was found in Goshen [Ex 9:26].</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-21.htm">Exodus 9:21</a></div><div class="verse">And he that regarded not the word of the LORD left his servants and his cattle in the field.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-22.htm">Exodus 9:22</a></div><div class="verse">And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch forth thine hand toward heaven, that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, upon man, and upon beast, and upon every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-23.htm">Exodus 9:23</a></div><div class="verse">And Moses stretched forth his rod toward heaven: and the LORD sent thunder and hail, and the fire ran along upon the ground; and the LORD rained hail upon the land of Egypt.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-24.htm">Exodus 9:24</a></div><div class="verse">So there was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous, such as there was none like it in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-25.htm">Exodus 9:25</a></div><div class="verse">And the hail smote throughout all the land of Egypt all that <i>was</i> in the field, both man and beast; and the hail smote every herb of the field, and brake every tree of the field.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-26.htm">Exodus 9:26</a></div><div class="verse">Only in the land of Goshen, where the children of Israel <i>were</i>, was there no hail.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-27.htm">Exodus 9:27</a></div><div class="verse">And Pharaoh sent, and called for Moses and Aaron, and said unto them, I have sinned this time: the LORD <i>is</i> righteous, and I and my people <i>are</i> wicked.</div><div class="comm">27-35. Pharaoh sent, and called for Moses and Aaron, and said unto them, I have sinned—This awful display of divine displeasure did seriously impress the mind of Pharaoh, and, under the weight of his convictions, he humbles himself to confess he has done wrong in opposing the divine will. At the same time he calls for Moses to intercede for cessation of the calamity. Moses accedes to his earnest wishes, and this most awful visitation ended. But his repentance proved a transient feeling, and his obduracy soon became as great as before.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-28.htm">Exodus 9:28</a></div><div class="verse">Intreat the LORD (for <i>it is</i> enough) that there be no <i>more</i> mighty thunderings and hail; and I will let you go, and ye shall stay no longer.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-29.htm">Exodus 9:29</a></div><div class="verse">And Moses said unto him, As soon as I am gone out of the city, I will spread abroad my hands unto the LORD; <i>and</i> the thunder shall cease, neither shall there be any more hail; that thou mayest know how that the earth <i>is</i> the LORD'S.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-30.htm">Exodus 9:30</a></div><div class="verse">But as for thee and thy servants, I know that ye will not yet fear the LORD God.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-31.htm">Exodus 9:31</a></div><div class="verse">And the flax and the barley was smitten: for the barley <i>was</i> in the ear, and the flax <i>was</i> bolled.</div><div class="comm">31, 32. the flax and the barley was smitten, &c.—The peculiarities that are mentioned in these cereal products arise from the climate and physical constitution of Egypt. In that country flax and barley are almost ripe when wheat and rye (spelt) are green. And hence the flax must have been "bolled"—that is, risen in stalk or podded in February, thus fixing the particular month when the event took place. Barley ripens about a month earlier than wheat. Flax and barley are generally ripe in March, wheat and rye (properly, spelt) in April. </div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-32.htm">Exodus 9:32</a></div><div class="verse">But the wheat and the rie were not smitten: for they <i>were</i> not grown up.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-33.htm">Exodus 9:33</a></div><div class="verse">And Moses went out of the city from Pharaoh, and spread abroad his hands unto the LORD: and the thunders and hail ceased, and the rain was not poured upon the earth.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-34.htm">Exodus 9:34</a></div><div class="verse">And when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunders were ceased, he sinned yet more, and hardened his heart, he and his servants.</div><div class="comm"></div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/exodus/9-35.htm">Exodus 9:35</a></div><div class="verse">And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, neither would he let the children of Israel go; as the LORD had spoken by Moses.</div><div class="comm"></div></div></div><div id="botbox"><div class="padbot"><div align="center">A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments by Robert Jamieson, A. 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