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Sankara Variar - Wikipedia

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class="mw-page-title-main">Sankara Variar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%A8%EC%B9%B4%EB%9D%BC_%EB%B0%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%BC%EB%A5%B4" title="샨카라 바리야르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="샨카라 바리야르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="शंकर वरियार – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शंकर वरियार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shankara_Variyar" title="Shankara Variyar – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Shankara Variyar" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indian astronomer-mathematician (1500-1560)</div> <p> <b>Sankara Variyar</b> (<a href="/wiki/IAST" class="mw-redirect" title="IAST">IAST</a>: <i><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Śaṅkara Vāriyar</i></span></i>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8201;1500</span>&#160;– c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8201;1560</span><sup id="cite_ref-ggj_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ggj-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>) was an <a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">astronomer</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mathematician" title="Mathematician">mathematician</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kerala_school_of_astronomy_and_mathematics" title="Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics">Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics</a>. His family were employed as temple-assistants in the temple at <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Tṛkkuṭaveli</i></span> near modern <a href="/wiki/Ottapalam" title="Ottapalam">Ottapalam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-plofker_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plofker-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mathematical_lineage">Mathematical lineage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sankara_Variar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Mathematical lineage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was taught mainly by <a href="/wiki/Nilakantha_Somayaji" title="Nilakantha Somayaji">Nilakantha Somayaji</a> (1444–1544), the author of the <a href="/wiki/Tantrasamgraha" title="Tantrasamgraha">Tantrasamgraha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jyesthadeva" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyesthadeva">Jyesthadeva</a> (1500–1575), the author of <a href="/wiki/Yuktibh%C4%81%E1%B9%A3%C4%81" title="Yuktibhāṣā">Yuktibhāṣā</a>. Other teachers of Shankara include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Netranarayana&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Netranarayana (page does not exist)">Netranarayana</a>, the patron of Nilakantha Somayaji and <a href="/wiki/Citrabhanu" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrabhanu">Chitrabhanu</a>, the author of an astronomical treaties dated to 1530 and a small work with solutions and proofs for algebraic equations.<sup id="cite_ref-plofker_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plofker-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sankara_Variar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The known works of Shankara Variyar are the following:<sup id="cite_ref-plofker_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plofker-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>Yukti-dipika</i> - an extensive commentary in verse on <i>Tantrasamgraha</i> based on <i>Yuktibhāṣā</i>.</li> <li><i>Laghu-vivrti</i> - a short commentary in prose on <i>Tantrasamgraha</i>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kriyakramakari" title="Kriyakramakari">Kriya-kramakari</a></i> - a lengthy prose commentary on <a href="/wiki/Lilavati" class="mw-redirect" title="Lilavati">Lilavati</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bhaskara_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhaskara II">Bhaskara II</a>.</li> <li>An astronomical commentary dated 1529 CE.</li> <li>An astronomical handbook completed around 1554 CE.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sankara_Variar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronomers_and_mathematicians_of_the_Kerala_school" title="List of astronomers and mathematicians of the Kerala school">List of astronomers and mathematicians of the Kerala school</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sankara_Variar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ggj-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ggj_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJoseph2009" class="citation cs2">Joseph, George Gheverghese (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rNKGAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA21"><i>A Passage to Infinity: Medieval Indian Mathematics from Kerala and Its Impact</i></a>, SAGE Publications India, p.&#160;21, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788132104810" title="Special:BookSources/9788132104810"><bdi>9788132104810</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Passage+to+Infinity%3A+Medieval+Indian+Mathematics+from+Kerala+and+Its+Impact&amp;rft.pages=21&amp;rft.pub=SAGE+Publications+India&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=9788132104810&amp;rft.aulast=Joseph&amp;rft.aufirst=George+Gheverghese&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrNKGAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA21&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASankara+Variar" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-plofker-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-plofker_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plofker_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plofker_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlofker2009" class="citation book cs1">Plofker, Kim (2009). <a href="/wiki/Mathematics_in_India_(book)" title="Mathematics in India (book)"><i>Mathematics in India</i></a>. Princeton: <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. pp.&#160;220, 324.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Mathematics+in+India&amp;rft.place=Princeton&amp;rft.pages=220%2C+324&amp;rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.aulast=Plofker&amp;rft.aufirst=Kim&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASankara+Variar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K._V._Sarma" title="K. V. Sarma">K. V. Sarma</a> (1997), "Sankara Variar", <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_the_History_of_Science,_Technology,_and_Medicine_in_Non-Western_Cultures" title="Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures">Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures</a></i> edited by <a href="/wiki/Helaine_Selin" title="Helaine Selin">Helaine Selin</a>, Springer, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7923-4066-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7923-4066-9">978-0-7923-4066-9</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kerala_School" title="Template:Kerala School"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kerala_School" title="Template talk:Kerala School"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kerala_School" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kerala School"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kerala_school_of_astronomy_and_mathematics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kerala_school_of_astronomy_and_mathematics" title="Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics">Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Astronomers<br />and mathematicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronomers_and_mathematicians_of_the_Kerala_school" title="List of astronomers and mathematicians of the Kerala school">(Complete list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achyutha_Pisharadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Achyutha Pisharadi">Acyuta Piṣāraṭi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azhvanchery_Thamprakkal" title="Azhvanchery Thamprakkal">Azhvāñceri Taṃprākkaḷ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitrabhanu_(mathematician)" title="Chitrabhanu (mathematician)">Citrabhānu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodara" title="Damodara">Dāmodara of Vațaśreņi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dev%C4%81c%C4%81rya" title="Devācārya">Devācārya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govinda_Bhattathiri" title="Govinda Bhattathiri">Govinda Bhattathiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govindasvamin" class="mw-redirect" title="Govindasvamin">Govindasvāmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridatta" title="Haridatta">Haridatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jye%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%ADhadeva" title="Jyeṣṭhadeva">Jyeṣṭhadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kochukrishnan_Asan" title="Kochukrishnan Asan">Kochukrishnan Asan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhava_of_Sangamagrama" title="Madhava of Sangamagrama">Madhava of Sangamagrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhama%E1%B9%85gala%E1%B9%83_N%C4%81r%C4%81ya%E1%B9%87an_Na%E1%B9%83p%C5%ABtiri" title="Mazhamaṅgalaṃ Nārāyaṇan Naṃpūtiri">Mazhamaṅgalaṃ Nārāyaṇan Naṃpūtiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilakantha_Somayaji" title="Nilakantha Somayaji">Nīlakaņțha Sōmayāji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanakkusaram" title="Kanakkusaram">Nīlakaṇṭha II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parameshvara_Nambudiri" title="Parameshvara Nambudiri">Parameśvara of Vațaśśeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aa%E1%B9%85karan%C4%81r%C4%81ya%E1%B9%87a" title="Śaṅkaranārāyaṇa">Śaṅkaranārāyaṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhama%E1%B9%85gala%E1%B9%83_%C5%9Aa%E1%B9%85karan_Na%E1%B9%83p%C5%ABtiri" title="Mazhamaṅgalaṃ Śaṅkaran Naṃpūtiri">Śaṅkara of Mahiṣamaṅgalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthumana_Somayaji" title="Puthumana Somayaji">Putumana Somayāji</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Śankara Vāriyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankara_Varman" title="Sankara Varman">Śaṅkara Varma of Kaṭattanāṭ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udayadiv%C4%81kara" title="Udayadivākara">Udayadivākara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vararuci" class="mw-redirect" title="Vararuci">Vararuci I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyamadhava" title="Vidyamadhava">Vidyamadhava</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treatises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aryabhatiya-bhashya (<a href="/wiki/Nilakantha_Somayaji" title="Nilakantha Somayaji">Nīlakaņțha Sōmayāji</a>)</li> <li>Candrachayaganita</li> <li>Dasādhyāyi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drigganita" title="Drigganita">Drigganita</a></li> <li>Dṛkkaraṇa</li> <li>Gaṇitayuktayah</li> <li>Golavada</li> <li>Golasara</li> <li>Grahacāraṇinibandhana</li> <li>Jātaka-sāara-saṃgraha</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotirmimamsa" title="Jyotirmimamsa">Jyotirmimamsa</a></li> <li>Jyotiśśāstra-saṃgraha</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanakkusaram" title="Kanakkusaram">Kanakkusāraṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karanapaddhati" title="Karanapaddhati">Karaṇapaddhati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriyakramakari" title="Kriyakramakari">Kriyakramakari</a></li> <li>Laghuvivṛti (commentary on <a href="/wiki/Tantrasamgraha" title="Tantrasamgraha">Tantrasamgraha</a>)</li> <li>Madhyamanayanaprakara</li> <li>Mahābhāskarīya Bhāshya</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%B1cabodha" title="Pañcabodha">Pañcabodha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadratnamala" title="Sadratnamala">Sadratnamālā</a></li> <li>Sidhhantadarpana</li> <li>Spuṭanirṇaya</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantrasamgraha" title="Tantrasamgraha">Tantrasamgraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venvaroha" title="Venvaroha">Venvaroha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuktibh%C4%81%E1%B9%A3%C4%81" title="Yuktibhāṣā">Yuktibhāṣā</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts/Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandravakyas" title="Chandravakyas">Chandravakyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drigganita" title="Drigganita">Drigganita system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katapayadi_system" title="Katapayadi system">Kaṭapayādi system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhava%27s_correction_terms" class="mw-redirect" title="Madhava&#39;s correction terms">Madhava's correction terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhava_series" title="Madhava series">Madhava series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhava%27s_sine_table" title="Madhava&#39;s sine table">Madhava's sine table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parahita" title="Parahita">Parahita system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places associated with<br />members of the school</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athavanad" title="Athavanad">Athavanad</a> (Azhvanchery Thamprakkal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alattiyur,_Malappuram" title="Alattiyur, Malappuram">Alathiyur</a> (Govinda Bhattathiri, etc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadathanadu" title="Kadathanadu">Kadathanadu</a> (Sankara Varman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodungallur" title="Kodungallur">Mahodayapuram (Kodungallur)</a> (Sankaranarayana)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kudallur" title="Kudallur">Kudallur</a> (Madhava of Sangamagrama)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvanam" title="Peruvanam">Peruvanam</a> (Mahishamangalam Sankaran Namputhiri)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrikkandiyur" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrikkandiyur">Thrikkandiyur</a> (Nilakantha Somayaji, etc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrissur" title="Thrissur">Sivapuram (Thrissur)</a> (Putumana Somayaji, etc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirunavaya" title="Tirunavaya">Tirunavaya</a> (Haridatta)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indian_mathematics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_mathematics" title="Template:Indian mathematics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indian_mathematics" title="Template talk:Indian mathematics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_mathematics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian mathematics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indian_mathematics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indian_mathematics" title="Indian mathematics">Indian mathematics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_mathematicians" title="List of Indian mathematicians">Mathematicians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apastamba_Dharmasutra" title="Apastamba Dharmasutra">Apastamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baudhayana_sutras" title="Baudhayana sutras">Baudhayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%81ty%C4%81yana" title="Kātyāyana">Katyayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manava" title="Manava">Manava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini" title="Pāṇini">Pāṇini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingala" title="Pingala">Pingala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajnavalkya" title="Yajnavalkya">Yajnavalkya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aryabhata" title="Aryabhata">Āryabhaṭa I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryabhata_II" title="Aryabhata II">Āryabhaṭa II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bh%C4%81skara_I" title="Bhāskara I">Bhāskara I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bh%C4%81skara_II" title="Bhāskara II">Bhāskara II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melpathur_Narayana_Bhattathiri" title="Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri">Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmadeva" title="Brahmadeva">Brahmadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmagupta" title="Brahmagupta">Brahmagupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govindasv%C4%81mi" title="Govindasvāmi">Govindasvāmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halayudha" title="Halayudha">Halayudha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jye%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%ADhadeva" title="Jyeṣṭhadeva">Jyeṣṭhadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamalakara" title="Kamalakara">Kamalakara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhava_of_Sangamagrama" title="Madhava of Sangamagrama">Mādhava of Saṅgamagrāma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81v%C4%ABra_(mathematician)" title="Mahāvīra (mathematician)">Mahāvīra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahendra_S%C5%ABri" title="Mahendra Sūri">Mahendra Sūri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munishvara" title="Munishvara">Munishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Pandit" class="mw-redirect" title="Narayana Pandit">Narayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parameshvara" class="mw-redirect" title="Parameshvara">Parameshvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achyuta_Pisharati" class="mw-redirect" title="Achyuta Pisharati">Achyuta Pisharati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannatha_Samrat" title="Jagannatha Samrat">Jagannatha Samrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilakantha_Somayaji" title="Nilakantha Somayaji">Nilakantha Somayaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ar%C4%ABpati" title="Śrīpati">Śrīpati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sridhara" title="Sridhara">Sridhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangesha_Upadhyaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Gangesha Upadhyaya">Gangesha Upadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Var%C4%81hamihira" title="Varāhamihira">Varāhamihira</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sankara Variar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virasena" title="Virasena">Virasena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasa_Ramanujan" title="Srinivasa Ramanujan">Srinivasa Ramanujan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyendra_Nath_Bose" title="Satyendra Nath Bose">Satyendra Nath Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P.C._Mahalanobis" class="mw-redirect" title="P.C. Mahalanobis">P.C. Mahalanobis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C.R._Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="C.R. Rao">C.R. Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeravalli_S._Varadarajan" title="Veeravalli S. Varadarajan">Veeravalli S. Varadarajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._R._Srinivasa_Varadhan" title="S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan">S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._R._Parthasarathy_(probabilist)" title="K. R. Parthasarathy (probabilist)">K. R. Parthasarathy (probabilist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Narasimhan" title="M. S. Narasimhan">M. S. Narasimhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._S._Seshadri" title="C. S. Seshadri">C. S. Seshadri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harish-Chandra" title="Harish-Chandra">Harish-Chandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subbayya_Sivasankaranarayana_Pillai" title="Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai">Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilak_Raj_Prabhakar" title="Tilak Raj Prabhakar">Tilak Raj Prabhakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjul_Bhargava" title="Manjul Bhargava">Manjul Bhargava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akshay_Venkatesh" title="Akshay Venkatesh">Akshay Venkatesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Vakil" title="Ravi Vakil">Ravi Vakil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannan_Soundararajan" title="Kannan Soundararajan">Kannan Soundararajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:SSBPST_recipients_in_Mathematical_Science" title="Template:SSBPST recipients in Mathematical Science">Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recipients in Mathematical Science</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treatises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aryabhatiya" title="Aryabhatiya">Aryabhatiya</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhshali_manuscript" title="Bakhshali manuscript">Bakhshali manuscript</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bijaganita" title="Bijaganita">Bijaganita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%81hmasphu%E1%B9%ADasiddh%C4%81nta" title="Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta">Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ganita_Kaumudi" title="Ganita Kaumudi">Ganita Kaumudi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kanakkusaram" title="Kanakkusaram">Kanakkusaram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karanapaddhati" title="Karanapaddhati">Karanapaddhati</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%C4%ABl%C4%81vat%C4%AB" title="Līlāvatī">Līlāvatī</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lokavibhaga" title="Lokavibhaga">Lokavibhaga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81t%C4%ABga%E1%B9%87ita" title="Pātīgaṇita">Pātīgaṇita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paulisa_Siddhanta" title="Paulisa Siddhanta">Paulisa Siddhanta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Var%C4%81hamihira#Pancha-Siddhantika" title="Varāhamihira">Paitamaha Siddhanta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romaka_Siddhanta" title="Romaka Siddhanta">Romaka Siddhanta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sadratnamala" title="Sadratnamala">Sadratnamala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siddh%C4%81nta_Shiromani" title="Siddhānta Shiromani">Siddhānta Shiromani</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shulba_Sutras" title="Shulba Sutras">Śulba Sūtras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Surya_Siddhanta" title="Surya Siddhanta">Surya Siddhanta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tantrasamgraha" title="Tantrasamgraha">Tantrasamgraha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vasishtha_Siddhanta" title="Vasishtha Siddhanta">Vasishtha Siddhanta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Venvaroha" title="Venvaroha">Veṇvāroha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yuktibh%C4%81%E1%B9%A3%C4%81" title="Yuktibhāṣā">Yuktibhāṣā</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yavanajataka" title="Yavanajataka">Yavanajataka</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pioneering<br /> innovations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmi_numerals" title="Brahmi numerals">Brahmi numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Arabic_numeral_system" title="Hindu–Arabic numeral system">Hindu–Arabic numeral system</a></li> <li>Symbol for <a href="/wiki/0" title="0">zero (0)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhava_series" title="Madhava series">Infinite series expansions for the trigonometric functions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Centres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_school_of_astronomy_and_mathematics" title="Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics">Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jantar_Mantar" title="Jantar Mantar">Jantar Mantar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jantar_Mantar,_Jaipur" title="Jantar Mantar, Jaipur">Jaipur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jantar_Mantar,_New_Delhi" title="Jantar Mantar, New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jantar_Mantar,_Ujjain" title="Jantar Mantar, Ujjain">Ujjain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jantar_Mantar,_Varanasi" title="Jantar Mantar, Varanasi">Varanasi</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historians of<br /> mathematics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bapudeva_Sastri" title="Bapudeva Sastri">Bapudeva Sastri</a> (1821–1900)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shankar_Balakrishna_Dikshit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Shankar Balakrishna Dikshit (page does not exist)">Shankar Balakrishna Dikshit</a> (1853–1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudhakara_Dvivedi" title="Sudhakara Dvivedi">Sudhakara Dvivedi</a> (1855–1910)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M._Rangacarya&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="M. Rangacarya (page does not exist)">M. Rangacarya</a> (1861–1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._C._Sengupta" class="mw-redirect" title="P. C. Sengupta">P. C. Sengupta</a> (1876–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._B._Datta" class="mw-redirect" title="B. B. Datta">B. B. Datta</a> (1888–1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takao_Hayashi" title="Takao Hayashi">T. Hayashi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._A._Krishnaswamy_Ayyangar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="A. A. Krishnaswamy Ayyangar (page does not exist)">A. A. Krishnaswamy Ayyangar</a> (1892– 1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avadhesh_Narayan_Singh" title="Avadhesh Narayan Singh">A. N. Singh</a> (1901–1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._T._Rajagopal" class="mw-redirect" title="C. T. Rajagopal">C. T. Rajagopal</a> (1903–1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._A._Saraswati_Amma" class="mw-redirect" title="T. A. Saraswati Amma">T. A. Saraswati Amma</a> (1918–2000)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._N._Sen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="S. N. Sen (page does not exist)">S. N. Sen</a> (1918–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._S._Shukla" class="mw-redirect" title="K. S. Shukla">K. S. Shukla</a> (1918–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._V._Sarma" title="K. V. Sarma">K. V. Sarma</a> (1919–2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Translators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Eugene_Clark" title="Walter Eugene Clark">Walter Eugene Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Colebrooke" title="Henry Thomas Colebrooke">Henry Thomas Colebrooke </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pingree" title="David Pingree">David Pingree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_mathematics" title="Babylonian mathematics">Babylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_mathematics" title="Chinese mathematics">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mathematics" title="Greek mathematics">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world">Islamic mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_mathematics#Medieval_European_mathematics" title="History of mathematics">Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern<br /> institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Statistical_Institute" title="Indian Statistical Institute">Indian Statistical Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaskaracharya_Pratishthana" title="Bhaskaracharya Pratishthana">Bhaskaracharya Pratishthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chennai_Mathematical_Institute" title="Chennai Mathematical Institute">Chennai Mathematical Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Mathematical_Sciences,_Chennai" title="Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai">Institute of Mathematical Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Science" title="Indian Institute of Science">Indian Institute of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harish-Chandra_Research_Institute" title="Harish-Chandra Research Institute">Harish-Chandra Research Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homi_Bhabha_Centre_for_Science_Education" title="Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education">Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanujan_Institute_for_Advanced_Study_in_Mathematics" title="Ramanujan Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics">Ramanujan Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Institute_of_Fundamental_Research" title="Tata Institute of Fundamental Research">TIFR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3635198#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3635198#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000028211329">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/641148523889220970001">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1123746222">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2015061220">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p191768375">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" 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