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Thematic Areas in Anti-Corruption
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class="container-fluid px-0"><!DOCTYPE HTML><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 ceb-heading ceb-heading-blue ceb-heading-line-blue marginTop90"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h1 class="site-heading">Thematic areas in anti-corruption</h1> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 card-with-pic-dropdown roundedCorners noPadding dropShadow marginTop90"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="image-container card-with-pic-dropdown-pic-side"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/banner-images/Thematic_Areas_AdobeStock_441831700_cropped.jpeg" class="img-fluid" alt="alt text is missing" title="alt text is missing"></div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Menu</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row marginBottom30"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <ul class=" nav auto-active nav-tabs ceb-side-nav-menu justify-content-start nav-default flex-column "> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/anti-corruption-agencies-and-commissions.html">Anti-corruption agencies and commissions</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/beneficial-ownership.html">Beneficial ownership</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/climate-change.html">Climate change</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/conflict-affected-settings.html">Conflict-affected settings</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/crimes-that-affect-the-environment.html">Crimes that affect the environment</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/Education.html">Education</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/gender.html">Gender</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/health.html">Health</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/International-Investment.html">International investment</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <ul class=" nav auto-active nav-tabs ceb-side-nav-menu justify-content-start nav-default flex-column "> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/Judicial-Integrity.html">Judicial integrity</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/national-anti-corruption-strategies-and-risk-management.html">National anti-corruption strategies & risk management</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/organized-crime-and-human-trafficking.html">Organized crime and human trafficking</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/parliaments.html">Parliaments</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/Private-Sector.html">Private sector</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/public-procurement.html">Public procurement</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/sports.html">Sports</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/Supreme-Audit-Institutions.html">Supreme audit institutions</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/whistle-blower-protection.html">Whistle-blower protection</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop90"> <div style="" class="internalPageIntro col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Corruption is a complex and ever-evolving phenomenon, manifesting in diverse forms and affecting different sectors, contexts and spheres of life. Given this multifaceted nature, successful efforts to combat corruption demand a deep understanding of its various forms and dimensions.</span></p> <p><span style="color: #333333;">Therefore, one of UNODC鈥檚 goals is to unravel the complexity of corruption and help States understand corruption鈥檚 impact and consequences in specific areas in order to craft effective, comprehensive and nuanced strategies and solutions.</span></p></div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 heading-rows-underline marginTop45 marginBottom60"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h3 class="site-heading">Corruption in specific areas</h3> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Anti-corruption_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Anti-corruption agencies and commissions</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>Anti-corruption agencies and commissions play a crucial role in combating corruption, particularly when equipped with the necessary mandates, independence, resources and personnel to perform their functions effectively.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/anti-corruption-agencies-and-commissions.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Beneficial_Ownership_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Beneficial ownership</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>Transparency of beneficial ownership is key to combating corruption by revealing the true individuals behind companies or assets, helping to prevent illicit activities such as money-laundering and tax evasion.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/beneficial-ownership.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/climate_change_2000_x_800_px.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Climate change</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Corruption hinders the achievement of international commitments to reduce climate change. It can enable more greenhouse emissions, facilitate the reduced capacity of essential carbon sinks, such as oceans and forests, and undermine efforts to mitigate climate change.</span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/climate-change.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Conflict_retangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Conflict-affected settings</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Conflict-affected settings are often characterized by high levels of corruption and economic crime, which can drive conflict dynamics and exacerbate instability. This impedes the rule of law, as well as the efforts to build peace and foster sustainable development.</span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/conflict-affected-settings.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Wildlife_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Crimes that affect the environment</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">From illegal wildlife trade and forest loss to crimes in the fisheries sector and illegal mining, corruption is a key enabler of crimes affecting the environment. Criminals thrive on the existence of corruption as it enables them to commit, conceal and avoid conviction for their crimes. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/crimes-that-affect-the-environment.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Education_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Education</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">It is increasingly recognized that there needs to be a whole-of-society approach to corruption prevention. Young people, educators and non-governmental organizations have an important role to play in building a culture that values integrity and rejects corruption. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/education.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Gender_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Gender</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Gendered social structures and power disparities can impact women鈥檚 choices in engaging in corruption and reporting it. Women鈥檚 empowerment is critical when creating more inclusive societies, leading to reduced corruption. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/gender.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Health.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Health</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Corruption presents a significant danger to public health, undermining the effectiveness, quality and accessibility of health-care services while driving up costs. It deprives communities of essential services, vital products and resources, and impedes individuals' right to health care. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/health.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/International_investment_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">International investment</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Corruption in international investment has a long-lasting impact on the economy, environment and society. It negatively affects the attraction and retention of foreign investments, undermines fair competition, discourages investment and diminishes its quality. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/international-investment.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Justice_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Judicial integrity</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Integrity is among the core values expected of every judiciary and judge - essential in successfully combatting corruption. It is through integrity that the judicial system can safeguard human rights and the rule of law and ensure equal treatment for everyone in society. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/judicial-integrity.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Strategies_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">National anti-corruption strategies & risk management</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>Anti-corruption strategies and risk management methodologies help enable coordinated and effective efforts that enhance accountability, mitigate risks and promote confidence in public institutions.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/national-anti-corruption-strategies-and-risk-management.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Crime_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Organized crime and human trafficking</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Corruption serves as an enabler for various forms of organized crime, facilitating their execution and allowing them to remain undetected. Corruption exacerbates the harms of organized crime by fostering the infiltration of crime in the countries' economic and social fabric. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/organized-crime-and-human-trafficking.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Parliaments_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Parliaments</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">National parliaments and legislative bodies play a key role in the implementation of UNCAC, through legislation, oversight and promoting transparency and accountability to prevent and combat corruption at all levels. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/parliaments.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Private_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Private sector</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Corruption in the private sector undermines economic development, market competition, consumer welfare and equitable opportunities. It also constitutes a business risk and can lead to significant costs at the organizational level. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/private-sector.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Public_procurement_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Public procurement</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>Public procurement, especially large-scale, is highly vulnerable to corruption, which significantly harms government spending, undermines economic development and erodes public trust.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/public-procurement.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Sports_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Sports</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">Corruption is a complex and multifaceted threat to the integrity of sport and its social and economic benefits. Manifestations of corruption in sport include fraud, money-laundering, abuse of authority, match-fixing and illegal betting.</span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/sports.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginBottom90"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Audit_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Supreme audit institutions</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">While traditionally not considered central entities in the anti-corruption world, supreme audit institutions and their role in preventing and countering corruption have been increasingly recognized. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/supreme-audit-institutions.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-6"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow cardWithBackgroundAndButton lg-height300 marginBottom30 " style="background-color:transparent;color:#064188"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/icons/Whistle-blower_rectangular.png');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">Whistle-blower protection</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #333333;">The protection of whistle-blowers and reporting persons is frequently referred to as one of the most effective tools to prevent, detect and ultimately prosecute corruption cases. A robust reporting and protection system is a cornerstone of the fight against corruption. </span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row buttonRow"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-blue" href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/whistle-blower-protection.html" target="_self">Learn more</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div id="footer-container" class="container-fluid"><div class="container"><div class="row footer-logo-container"><div class="py-3 py-lg-4 px-0 col"><div class="site-footer d-flex flex-nowrap align-items-center"><div class="site-footer-logo"><a href="https://www.unodc.org/unodc/index.html"><img class="img-responsive" alt="United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime" src="/cdn/shared/standard/images/un-emblem-white.svg"></img></a></div><div class="site-footer-title px-2"><a href="https://www.unodc.org/unodc/index.html">United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime</a></div></div><ul id="social-media-global" class="d-flex flex-lg-column std-social-square-mono-hover"><li class="std-social-media item-twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/UNODC_AC" class=""><i class="fab"><span class="sr-only">Twitter</span></i></a></li><li class="std-social-media item-youtube"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLP1rrIC89eFBxitxS6haxG9t0kv9wR5_S" class=""><i class="fab"><span class="sr-only">Youtube</span></i></a></li><li class="std-social-media item-flickr"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/unodc/albums/" class=""><i class="fab"><span class="sr-only">Flickr</span></i></a></li><li class="std-social-media item-facebook"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/unodc/" class=""><i class="fab"><span class="sr-only">Facebook</span></i></a></li><li class="std-social-media item-linkedin"><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/unodc" class=""><i class="fab"><span class="sr-only">LinkedIn</span></i></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="row footer-nav-container"><div class="py-lg-3 px-0 col"><div class="footer-nav"><ul><li><a href="https://twitter.com/UNODC_AC"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/icons/twitter.svg" border="0" width="28" /></a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLP1rrIC89eFBxitxS6haxG9t0kv9wR5_S"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/icons/youtube.svg" border="0" width="28" /></a></li><li><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/unodc/albums/"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/icons/flickr.svg" border="0" width="28" /></a></li><li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/unodc/"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/icons/facebook.svg" border="0" width="28" /></a></li><li><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/unodc"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/icons/linkedin.svg" border="0" width="28" /></a></li><li><a href="/corruption/en/index.html">Home</a></li><li><a href="mailto:uncac@un.org">Contacts</a></li><li><a href="https://www.unodc.org/unodc/fraud-alert.html">Fraud Alert</a></li><li><a href="https://www.unodc.org/unodc/legal.html">Legal Notice</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><script src="/corruption/misc/webpack/js/runtime.7ef516e8.js"></script><script src="/corruption/misc/webpack/js/vendor.cdf4960f.js"></script><script src="/corruption/misc/webpack/js/addon.5eb1e6e2.js"></script><script src="/corruption/misc/webpack/js/main.60508313.js"></script></body></html>