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Thematic Areas in Anti-Corruption: Beneficial ownership
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consider using Chrome, Edge, Safari or Firefox.</p></div></div><div id="content-container" class="container-fluid px-0"><!DOCTYPE HTML><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 ceb-heading ceb-heading-blue ceb-heading-line-blue marginTop90"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h1 class="site-heading">Beneficial ownership</h1> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop90"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="card card-block card-std roundedCorners gradientBackground " style="background-color:transparent;color:#ffffff;height:300px"> <div class="card__artlayer" style="background-color:transparent;background-image:url('/corruption/uploads/images/banner-images/2._Beneficial_ownership_AdobeStock_720035940_cropped.jpeg');;filter:() "></div> <div class=" card-body text-align--end justify-content-end" style="overflow:hidden"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="image-container iconHeight300"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/thematic-area-icons/2._BeneficialOwnership_Square3x.png" class="img-fluid" alt="Beneficial ownership icon" title="Beneficial ownership icon"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 ceb-dropdown-collapsible marginBottom90"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-4"> <h3 class="site-heading">Thematic areas – Menu</h3> <ul class=" nav auto-active nav-tabs ceb-side-nav-menu justify-content-start nav-default flex-column "> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/anti-corruption-agencies-and-commissions.html">Anti-corruption agencies and commissions</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link disabled ">Beneficial ownership</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/climate-change.html">Climate change</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/conflict-affected-settings.html">Conflict-affected settings</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/crimes-that-affect-the-environment.html">Crimes that affect the environment</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/Education.html">Education</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/gender.html">Gender</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/health.html">Health</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/International-Investment.html">International investment</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/Judicial-Integrity.html">Judicial integrity</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/national-anti-corruption-strategies-and-risk-management.html">National anti-corruption strategies and risk management</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/organized-crime-and-human-trafficking.html">Organized crime and human trafficking</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/parliaments.html">Parliaments</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/Private-Sector.html">Private sector</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/public-procurement.html">Public procurement</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/sports.html">Sports</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/Supreme-Audit-Institutions.html">Supreme audit institutions</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class=" nav-link active " href="https://www.unodc.org/corruption/en/learn/thematic-areas/whistle-blower-protection.html">Whistle-blower protection</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop90 marginBottom90"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>Transparency of beneficial ownership information is an essential policy tool in the fight against corruption and illicit financial flows. Schemes used by natural and legal persons to obscure their beneficial ownership information and hide the proceeds of corruption often span international borders. They frequently include a complex chain of interconnected networks of cross-ownership, with each layer created in different jurisdictions using diverse legal entities and arrangements. Adequate beneficial ownership transparency helps to identify and disclose the use of corporate vehicles that conceal the proceeds of corruption and their beneficiaries, making it harder for corrupt individuals to launder illicit funds and benefit from their illegal gains.</p> <p>Ensuring access to information on legal and beneficial owners of corporate vehicles is also fundamental for many other areas covered by the <a href="https://www.unodc.org/corruption/en/learn/what-is-uncac/overview.html">United Nations Convention against Corruption</a>. It enables the prevention and detection of conflicts of interests, contributes to the transparency of political party and campaign financing and promotes transparency and effectiveness in public procurement and the management of public finances. It also contributes to the overall accountability and oversight of public institutions, fosters economic development and promotes a more accountable and equitable business environment by reducing opportunities for corruption, enabling fair competition and preventing abuses of tax regimes.</p> <p>It is for these reasons that in the <a href="https://undocs.org/A/RES/S-32/1%20">political declaration</a> adopted by the General Assembly during its <a href="https://www.unodc.org/corruption/en/uncac/ungass-2021.html">special session against corruption</a> in 2021, UN Member States committed to making efforts in international cooperation and taking appropriate measures to enhance beneficial ownership transparency by ensuring that adequate, accurate, reliable and timely beneficial ownership information was available and accessible to competent authorities.</p> <p>Furthermore, the <a href="https://www.unodc.org/corruption/en/learn/what-is-cosp.html">Conference of the States Parties to the Convention</a>, at its ninth and tenth sessions, adopted <a href="https://www.unodc.org/corruption/en/cosp/conference/session9-resolutions.html#Res.9-7">resolution 9/7</a> and <a href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session10/resolutions/L-documents/2325375E_L.10_Rev.1.pdf">resolution 10/6</a> which emphasized the importance of ensuring effective access to adequate, accurate and up-to-date beneficial ownership information of legal persons and legal arrangements.</p></div> </div> </div><section class="jumbo__container my-0 py-0" data-background-color="transparent" style="min-height:400px;"> <div class="jumbo__background"> <div data-color="#E6EBF2" data-opacity="1" class="background__container "></div> </div> <div class="jumbo__content default py-0"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row marginTop90 marginBottom90"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="card card-block card-std dropShadow roundedCorners stickerCard interventionsCard " style="background-color:white;color:#064188;height:auto"> <div class=" card-body" style="overflow:hidden"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h4 class="site-heading">What we do</h4> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop22"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p><span style="color: #000000;">UNODC offers a wide range of legal, regulatory, policy and implementation support to States to strengthen the collection, access and use of beneficial ownership information, including:</span></p> <ul> <li><span style="color: #000000;">Supporting the development of legal frameworks that enable effective access to adequate, accurate and up-to-date beneficial ownership information.</span></li> <li><span style="color: #000000;">Strengthening the capacities of anti-corruption practitioners, criminal investigation authorities and policymakers in harnessing beneficial ownership information for anti-corruption purposes.</span></li> <li><span style="color: #000000;">Promoting experience-sharing and cooperation by, among others, organizing expert meetings, workshops and discussions.</span></li> <li><span style="color: #000000;">Conducting research and developing studies and knowledge products on emerging trends and good practices.</span></li> <li><span style="color: #000000;">Facilitating international cooperation on the exchange of beneficial ownership information, including for the purpose of verification as well as asset recovery.</span></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-4 heading-rows-with-icon heading-rows-with-icon-resources marginTop45 marginBottom22"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h1 class="site-heading">Resources</h1> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginBottom30"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="card card-block card-std roundedCorners dropShadow publicationCard " style="background-color:transparent"> <div class=" card-body text-align--start justify-content-start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15 marginBottom15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-2"> <div class="image-container card-with-pic-dropdown-pic-side"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/resources-covers/Implementation_of_Beneficial_Ownership_Transparency_in_ASEAN_Member_States_and_Timor-Leste.png" class="img-fluid" alt="Implementation of Beneficial Ownership Transparency in ASEAN Member States and Timor-Leste publication cover" title="Implementation of Beneficial Ownership Transparency in ASEAN Member States and Timor-Leste publication cover"></div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-10"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row publicationDate"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>UNODC, 2024</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h5 class="site-heading">Implementation of Beneficial Ownership Transparency in ASEAN Member States and Timor-Leste</h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>This report looks at the implementation of beneficial ownership transparency in ASEAN Member States and Timor-Leste, covering issues such as the collection and maintenance of beneficial ownership information and mechanisms to verify it.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/roseap/uploads/documents/Publications/2024/Implementation_of_Beneficial_Ownership_Transparency_in_ASEAN_Member_States_and_Timor-Leste.pdf" target="_blank">English</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginBottom30"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="card card-block card-std roundedCorners dropShadow publicationCard " style="background-color:transparent"> <div class=" card-body text-align--start justify-content-start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15 marginBottom15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-2"> <div class="image-container card-with-pic-dropdown-pic-side"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/resources-covers/CoSP_Resolution_10-6.png" class="img-fluid" alt="Resolution 10/6: Enhancing the use of beneficial ownership information to strengthen asset recovery webpage" title="Resolution 10/6: Enhancing the use of beneficial ownership information to strengthen asset recovery webpage"></div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-10"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row publicationDate"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>UNODC, 2023</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h5 class="site-heading">Resolution 10/6: Enhancing the use of beneficial ownership information to strengthen asset recovery</h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>This resolution was adopted by the Conference of the States Parties to the UN Convention against Corruption at its tenth session (11-15 December 2023).</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/corruption/en/cosp/conference/session10-resolutions.html" target="_blank">English</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginBottom30"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="card card-block card-std roundedCorners dropShadow publicationCard " style="background-color:transparent"> <div class=" card-body text-align--start justify-content-start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15 marginBottom15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-2"> <div class="image-container card-with-pic-dropdown-pic-side"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/resources-covers/Good_practices_and_challenges.png" class="img-fluid" alt="Good Practices and Challenges with Respect to Beneficial Ownership Transparency and How it can Foster and Enhance the Effective Recovery and Return of Proceeds of Crime webpage" title="Good Practices and Challenges with Respect to Beneficial Ownership Transparency and How it can Foster and Enhance the Effective Recovery and Return of Proceeds of Crime webpage"></div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-10"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row publicationDate"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>UNODC, 2023</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h5 class="site-heading">Good Practices and Challenges with Respect to Beneficial Ownership Transparency and How it can Foster and Enhance the Effective Recovery and Return of Proceeds of Crime</h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>This note was prepared by UNODC, as the secretariat of the Conference of the States Parties to the UN Convention against Corruption, for the tenth session of the Conference (11-15 December 2023).</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session10/CAC-COSP-2023-16/2319911E.pdf" target="_blank">English</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session10/CAC-COSP-2023-16/2319911F.pdf" target="_blank">French</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session10/CAC-COSP-2023-16/2319911S.pdf" target="_blank">Spanish</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session10/CAC-COSP-2023-16/2319911R.pdf" target="_blank">Russian</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session10/CAC-COSP-2023-16/2319911A.pdf" target="_blank">Arabic</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session10/CAC-COSP-2023-16/2319911C.pdf" target="_blank">Chinese</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginBottom30"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="card card-block card-std roundedCorners dropShadow publicationCard " style="background-color:transparent"> <div class=" card-body text-align--start justify-content-start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15 marginBottom15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-2"> <div class="image-container card-with-pic-dropdown-pic-side"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/resources-covers/A_catalogue_of_online_links_to_corporate_and_beneficial_ownership_registers_contact_information_for_competent_national_authoriti.png" class="img-fluid" alt="A catalogue of online links to corporate and beneficial ownership registers, contact information for competent national authorities and channels for international cooperation publication cover" title="A catalogue of online links to corporate and beneficial ownership registers, contact information for competent national authorities and channels for international cooperation publication cover"></div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-10"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row publicationDate"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>UNODC, 2023</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h5 class="site-heading">A catalogue of online links to corporate and beneficial ownership registers, contact information for competent national authorities and channels for international cooperation</h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>This conference room paper was prepared by UNODC, as the secretariat of the Conference of the States Parties to the UN Convention against Corruption, for the tenth session of the Conference (11-15 December 2023).</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session10/CAC-COSP-2023-CRP.3.pdf" target="_blank">English </a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginBottom30"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="card card-block card-std roundedCorners dropShadow publicationCard " style="background-color:transparent"> <div class=" card-body text-align--start justify-content-start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15 marginBottom15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-2"> <div class="image-container card-with-pic-dropdown-pic-side"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/resources-covers/Enhancing_Beneficial_Ownership_Transparency_A_Study_of_Beneficial_Ownership_Registration_Systems.png" class="img-fluid" alt="Enhancing Beneficial Ownership Transparency: A Study of Beneficial Ownership Registration Systems publication cover" title="Enhancing Beneficial Ownership Transparency: A Study of Beneficial Ownership Registration Systems publication cover"></div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-10"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row publicationDate"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>UNODC, 2023</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h5 class="site-heading">Enhancing Beneficial Ownership Transparency: A Study of Beneficial Ownership Registration Systems</h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>This conference room paper was prepared by UNODC, as the secretariat of the Conference of the States Parties to the UN Convention against Corruption, for the tenth session of the Conference (11-15 December 2023).</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session10/CAC-COSP-2023-CRP.5.pdf" target="_blank">English</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginBottom90"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="card card-block card-std roundedCorners dropShadow publicationCard lg-height330 " style="background-color:transparent"> <div class=" card-body text-align--start justify-content-start"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0 marginTop15 marginBottom15"> <div style="" class="marginBottom30 col-lg-2"> <div class="image-container card-with-pic-dropdown-pic-side"><img src="/corruption/uploads/images/resources-covers/RESOLU1.PNG" class="img-fluid" alt="Resolution 9/7: Enhancing the use of beneficial ownership information to facilitate the identification, recovery and return of proceeds of crime publication cover" title="Resolution 9/7: Enhancing the use of beneficial ownership information to facilitate the identification, recovery and return of proceeds of crime publication cover"></div> </div> <div style="" class=" col-lg-10"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row publicationDate"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>UNODC, 2021</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"> <h5 class="site-heading">Resolution 9/7: Enhancing the use of beneficial ownership information to facilitate the identification, recovery and return of proceeds of crime</h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row contentText marginTop15"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><p>This resolution was adopted by the Conference of the States Parties to the UN Convention against Corruption at its ninth session (13-17 December 2021). </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="container mx-auto mt-0 px-0"> <div class=" row my-0 py-0"> <div style="" class=" col-lg-12"><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session9/resolutions/2210869E.pdf" target="_blank">English</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session9/resolutions/2210869F.pdf" target="_blank">French</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session9/resolutions/2210869S.pdf" target="_blank">Spanish</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session9/resolutions/2210869R.pdf" target="_blank">Russian</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session9/resolutions/2210869A.pdf" target="_blank">Arabic</a><a class=" btn btn-primary ceb-button-small-lightblue mr-2" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/COSP/session9/resolutions/2210869C.pdf" target="_blank">Chinese</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div id="footer-container" class="container-fluid"><div class="container"><div class="row footer-logo-container"><div class="py-3 py-lg-4 px-0 col"><div class="site-footer d-flex flex-nowrap align-items-center"><div class="site-footer-logo"><a href="https://www.unodc.org/unodc/index.html"><img class="img-responsive" alt="United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime" src="/cdn/shared/standard/images/un-emblem-white.svg"></img></a></div><div class="site-footer-title px-2"><a href="https://www.unodc.org/unodc/index.html">United Nations Office on Drugs and 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