CINXE.COM

Germanie première — Wikipédia

<!doctype html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <head> <base href="https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Germanie première — Wikipédia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )frwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","janvier","février","mars","avril","mai","juin","juillet","août","septembre","octobre","novembre","décembre"],"wgRequestId":"b07fb19f-33ec-4bec-a8a0-187ea3e39e1a","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Germanie_première","wgTitle":"Germanie première","wgCurRevisionId":211340051,"wgRevisionId":211340051, "wgArticleId":12547027,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Germanie_première","wgRelevantArticleId":12547027,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"fr","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"fr"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true,"wgMFScriptPath":"","wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample": false,"wgWMEPageLength":5000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":48.57333,"lon":7.75222},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":true,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ar","autonym":"العربية","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"arz","autonym":"مصرى","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ast","autonym":"asturianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk", "autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"az","autonym":"azərbaycanca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"azb","autonym":"تۆرکجه","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"be","autonym":"беларуская","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bg","autonym":"български","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bn", "autonym":"বাংলা","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym":"brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bs","autonym":"bosanski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ca","autonym":"català","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ckb","autonym":"کوردی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cs","autonym":"čeština","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu", "autonym":"словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cy","autonym":"Cymraeg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"da","autonym":"dansk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"el","autonym":"Ελληνικά","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eo","autonym":"Esperanto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"et","autonym":"eesti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eu","autonym":"euskara","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fa","autonym":"فارسی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym": "Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fi","autonym":"suomi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan","autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gl","autonym":"galego","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym": "wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"he","autonym":"עברית","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"hi","autonym":"हिन्दी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hr","autonym":"hrvatski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hu","autonym":"magyar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hy","autonym":"հայերեն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"is","autonym":"íslenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"it","autonym":"italiano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ja","autonym":"日本語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ka","autonym":"ქართული","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kk","autonym":"қазақша","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km", "autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kn","autonym":"ಕನ್ನಡ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ko","autonym":"한국어","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym": "lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lt","autonym":"lietuvių","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lv","autonym":"latviešu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mk","autonym":"македонски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ml","autonym":"മലയാളം","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mn","autonym":"монгол","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mr","autonym": "मराठी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ms","autonym":"Bahasa Melayu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"my","autonym":"မြန်မာဘာသာ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym":"नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nn","autonym":"norsk nynorsk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir": "rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pl","autonym":"polski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pnb","autonym":"پنجابی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ps","autonym":"پښتو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"} ,{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ro","autonym":"română","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sco","autonym":"Scots","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sh","autonym":"srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"si","autonym":"සිංහල","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sk","autonym":"slovenčina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sq","autonym":"shqip","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sr","autonym":"српски / srpski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sv","autonym":"svenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw","autonym":"Kiswahili","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ta","autonym": "தமிழ்","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"te","autonym":"తెలుగు","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"th","autonym":"ไทย","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tr","autonym":"Türkçe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tt","autonym":"татарча / tatarça","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ur","autonym":"اردو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"uz","autonym":"oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vi","autonym":"Tiếng Việt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wuu","autonym":"吴语","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"} ,{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zh","autonym":"中文","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht", "hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal", "xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1514139","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":false,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.Mobile":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.kartographer.style":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.kartographer.link","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ArchiveLinks","ext.gadget.Wdsearch","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents", "ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.kartographer.style%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=minerva"> <script async src="/w/load.php?lang=fr&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&amp;modules=ext.gadget.Mobile&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=minerva"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png/1200px-R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="810"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png/800px-R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="540"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png/640px-R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="432"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Germanie première — Wikipédia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifier" href="/w/index.php?title=Germanie_premi%C3%A8re&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipédia (fr)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//fr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Germanie_première rootpage-Germanie_première stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="fr" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanie_premi%25C3%25A8re&amp;anno=2" data-client="tr"></script> <div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"><a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"><input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--menu"></span> <span></span> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--home"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Accueil</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Page_au_hasard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--die"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Au hasard</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Nearby?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--mapPin"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">À proximité</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--login" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&amp;returnto=Germanie+premi%C3%A8re&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--logIn"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Se connecter</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:MobileOptions&amp;returnto=Germanie+premi%C3%A8re&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--settings"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Configuration</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source%3Ddonate%26utm_medium%3Dsidebar%26utm_campaign%3DC13_fr.wikipedia.org%26uselang%3Dfr%26utm_key%3Dminerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--heart"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Faire un don</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%80_propos_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">À propos de Wikipédia</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Avertissements_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Avertissements</span> </a></li> </ul> </div><label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <span><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" alt="Wikipédia" width="119" height="18" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spécial:Recherche"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" aria-label="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigation utilisateur"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Germanie première</span></h1> <div class="tagline"> province romaine </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Langue" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Langue</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&amp;returnto=Germanie+premi%C3%A8re&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Suivre</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Germanie_premi%C3%A8re&amp;action=edit&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Modifier</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav><!-- version 1.0.2 (change every time you update a partial) --> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-ebauche"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap;word-spacing:5px"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Alsace.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Alsace.svg/45px-Flag_of_Alsace.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Alsace.svg/68px-Flag_of_Alsace.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Alsace.svg/90px-Flag_of_Alsace.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></a></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/25px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/38px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/50px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="343"></a></span></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article est une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:%C3%89bauche?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Ébauche">ébauche</a> concernant l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alsace?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alsace">Alsace</a> et l’<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain">Empire romain</a>.</strong></p> <p>Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (<b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">comment&nbsp;?</a></b>) selon les recommandations des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Projet:Accueil?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Projet:Accueil">projets correspondants</a>.</p> </div> </div> <p>La <b>Germanie première</b> ou <b>Germanie I<sup>re</sup></b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (en latin&nbsp;: <i><b><span class="lang-la" lang="la">Germania prima</span></b></i>) est une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Province_romaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Province romaine">province</a> de l’<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain">Empire romain</a> instituée en <time datetime="0297" data-sort-value="0297">297</time> par la réforme de l’<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empereur_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empereur romain">empereur</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diocl%C3%A9tien?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dioclétien">Dioclétien</a> qui divise la province de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_sup%C3%A9rieure?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germanie supérieure">Germanie supérieure</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Subdivision_territoriale?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Subdivision territoriale">subdivision territoriale</a> s’étend autour du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rhin_sup%C3%A9rieur?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rhin supérieur">Rhin supérieur</a> jusqu’à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaine_d%27Alsace?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plaine d'Alsace">plaine d’Alsace</a>. Marquée par les raids des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alamans?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alamans">Alamans</a> et des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francs_rh%C3%A9nans?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francs rhénans">Francs rhénans</a> durant les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Invasions_barbares?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Invasions barbares">grandes migrations</a>, la province s’efface au profit du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaumes_francs?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royaumes francs">royaume des Francs</a> et de l’<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaume_alaman?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royaume alaman">Alémanie</a> durant les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/IVe_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="IVe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="4ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ve_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ve siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="5ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">V</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a>.</p> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #EBEBEB;"> <div> Germanie première<br><small><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : latin">(la)</abbr> <i><span class="lang-la" lang="la">Germania prima</span></i></small> </div> </div> <p class="center"><time datetime="0297" data-sort-value="0297">297</time>&nbsp;–&nbsp;vers <time datetime="0470" data-sort-value="0470">470</time></p> <table style="width:100%"> </table> <table> <caption class="hidden" style=""> </caption> </table> <div class="images"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png/220px-R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/R%25C3%25B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png/330px-R%25C3%25B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/R%25C3%25B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png/440px-R%25C3%25B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1688"></a></span> </div> <div class="legend"> La Germanie première (en beige) en <time class="nowrap" datetime="0395" data-sort-value="0395">395 <abbr class="abbr" title="après Jésus-Christ">apr. J.-C.</abbr></time> </div> <table> <caption style="background-color:#EBEBEB;"> Informations générales </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:10em;">Statut</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Province_romaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Province romaine">Province</a>&nbsp;: <br><small> - <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain">Empire romain</a> (<time datetime="0297" data-sort-value="0297">297</time>-<time datetime="0395" data-sort-value="0395">395</time>) <br> - <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain_d%27Occident?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain d'Occident">Empire romain d'Occident</a> (<time datetime="0395" data-sort-value="0395">395</time>-<time datetime="0476" data-sort-value="0476">476</time>)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:10em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capitale?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capitale">Capitale</a></th> <td><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Argentoratum?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argentoratum">Argentoratum</a></i><br><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/13/48.57333/7.75222/fr?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-zoom="13" data-lat="48.57333" data-lon="7.75222" data-overlays="[&quot;_89ec33a0f58477051c3878d478e75bb40f289593&quot;]">48°&nbsp;34′&nbsp;24″&nbsp;N, 7°&nbsp;45′&nbsp;08″&nbsp;E</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:10em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Langue?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Langue">Langue(s)</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaulois_(langue)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaulois (langue)">Gaulois</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latin">latin</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Langues_germaniques_occidentales?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Langues germaniques occidentales">langues germaniques occidentales</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="background-color:#EBEBEB;"> Histoire et événements </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:10em;"><time datetime="0297" data-sort-value="0297">297</time></th> <td>Création de la province par la réforme administrative de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diocl%C3%A9tien?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dioclétien">Dioclétien</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:10em;"><time datetime="0378" data-sort-value="0378">378</time></th> <td>Conquête de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaine_d%27Alsace?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plaine d'Alsace">plaine d'Alsace</a> par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alamans?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alamans">Alamans</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:10em;"><time datetime="0395" data-sort-value="0395">395</time></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Division_de_l%27Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Division de l'Empire romain">Division de l'Empire romain</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:10em;"><i><abbr class="abbr" title="circa (environ / aux environs de)" lang="la">c.</abbr></i> <time datetime="0470" data-sort-value="0470">470</time></th> <td>Conquête de <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Augusta_Treverorum?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Augusta Treverorum">Augusta Treverorum</a></i> par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francs_rh%C3%A9nans?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francs rhénans">Francs rhénans</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:10em;"><time datetime="0476" data-sort-value="0476">476</time></th> <td>Fin de l’<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain_d%E2%80%99Occident?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire romain d’Occident">Empire romain d’Occident</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="hr" style="background-color:#aaa; height:1px;"></div> <div style="float:left;width:45%;"> <p>Entités précédentes&nbsp;:</p> <ul style="text-align:left"> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_sup%C3%A9rieure?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germanie supérieure">Germanie supérieure</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="float:right;width:45%;"> <p>Entités suivantes&nbsp;:</p> <ul style="text-align:left"> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Al%C3%A9manie?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alémanie">Alémanie</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaume_des_Francs?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Royaume des Francs">Royaume des Francs</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="hr" style="background-color:#aaa; height:1px;"></div> Aujourd'hui, une partie de&nbsp;: <br><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Allemagne"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Germany.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Allemagne"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Allemagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a></span> <br><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_France.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la France"><img alt="Drapeau de la France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a></span> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div> <p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#EBEBEB;"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DGermanie_premi%25C3%25A8re%26veaction%3Dedit%26section%3D0">modifier</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DGermanie_premi%25C3%25A8re%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D0">modifier le code</a> - <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:ItemByTitle/frwiki/Germanie_premi%25C3%25A8re" class="extiw" title="d:Special:ItemByTitle/frwiki/Germanie première">voir Wikidata</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Infobox_Wikidata?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Infobox Wikidata">(aide)</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Ancienne_entit%C3%A9_territoriale?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></p> </div> <p>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capitale?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capitale">capitale</a> de la province est <i><span class="lang-la" lang="la"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Argentoratum?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argentoratum">Argentoratum</a></span></i>, aujourd'hui <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Strasbourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Références</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Annexes"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Annexes</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliographie"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliographie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Articles_connexes"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Articles connexes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Germanie_premi%C3%A8re&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Frei-Stolba2006">Frei-Stolba 2006</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Spickermann2009">Spickermann 2009</a></span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Germanie_premi%C3%A8re&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Annexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Germanie_premi%C3%A8re&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="BadelInglebertLevasseur2018"><span class="ouvrage" id="Christophe_BadelHervé_InglebertClaire_Levasseur2018">Christophe <span class="nom_auteur">Badel</span>, Hervé <span class="nom_auteur">Inglebert</span> et Claire <span class="nom_auteur">Levasseur</span>, <cite class="italique">Grand atlas de l'Antiquité romaine&nbsp;: III<sup>e</sup> siècle avant J.-C. - VI<sup>e</sup> siècle après J.-C.</cite>, Paris, Autrement, <time>2018</time>, 191&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7467-4008-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7467-4008-2"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7467-4008-2</span></a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7467-4007-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7467-4007-5"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7467-4007-5</span></a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&nbsp;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://dx.doi.org/10.14375/NP.9782746739895">10.14375/NP.9782746739895</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Grand+atlas+de+l%27Antiquit%C3%A9+romaine&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Autrement&amp;rft.stitle=III%3Csup%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E+si%C3%A8cle+avant+J.-C.+-+VI%3Csup%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E+si%C3%A8cle+apr%C3%A8s+J.-C.&amp;rft.aulast=Badel&amp;rft.aufirst=Christophe&amp;rft.au=Inglebert%2C+Herv%C3%A9&amp;rft.au=Levasseur%2C+Claire&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft.tpages=191&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-7467-4008-2&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.14375%2FNP.9782746739895&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AGermanie+premi%C3%A8re"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="BaquolRistelhuber1865"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jacques_BaquolPaul_Ristelhuber1865"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Baquol?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Baquol">Jacques <span class="nom_auteur">Baquol</span></a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Ristelhuber?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Ristelhuber">Paul <span class="nom_auteur">Ristelhuber</span></a>, <cite class="italique">L’Alsace ancienne et moderne ou dictionnaire topographique, historique et statistique du Haut et du Bas-Rhin</cite>, Strasbourg, chez Salomon, libraire-éditeur, <time>1865</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="troisième">3<sup>e</sup></abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr>, 642&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://books.google.fr/books?id%3D_QQKAQAAIAAJ%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26hl%3Dfr%26source%3Dgbs_ge_summary_r%26cad%3D0%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=L%E2%80%99Alsace+ancienne+et+moderne+ou+dictionnaire+topographique%2C+historique+et+statistique+du+Haut+et+du+Bas-Rhin&amp;rft.place=Strasbourg&amp;rft.pub=chez+Salomon%2C+libraire-%C3%A9diteur&amp;rft.edition=3&amp;rft.aulast=Baquol&amp;rft.aufirst=Jacques&amp;rft.au=Ristelhuber%2C+Paul&amp;rft.date=1865&amp;rft.tpages=642&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AGermanie+premi%C3%A8re"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l'article">&nbsp;<span typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l'article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" data-alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l'article" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Frei-Stolba2006"><span class="ouvrage" id="Regula_Frei-Stolba2006"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Regula_Frei-Stolba?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Regula Frei-Stolba">Regula <span class="nom_auteur">Frei-Stolba</span></a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="traduction">trad.</abbr>&nbsp;Pierre-G. Martin), «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/008417/2006-12-05/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Germanie supérieure</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">hls-dhs-dss.ch</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2006-12-05" data-sort-value="2006-12-05">5 décembre 2006</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-10-15" data-sort-value="2021-10-15">15 octobre 2021</time>)</small></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Dollinger1991"><span class="ouvrage" id="Philippe_Dollinger1991"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_Dollinger?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippe Dollinger">Philippe <span class="nom_auteur">Dollinger</span></a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>), <cite class="italique">Histoire de l’Alsace</cite>, [Toulouse], Privat, <time>1991</time> (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1970), 524&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-7089-1695-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-7089-1695-5"><span class="nowrap">2-7089-1695-5</span></a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-70891-695-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-70891-695-1"><span class="nowrap">978-2-70891-695-1</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+de+l%E2%80%99Alsace&amp;rft.place=%5BToulouse%5D&amp;rft.pub=Privat&amp;rft.aulast=Dollinger&amp;rft.aufirst=Philippe&amp;rft.date=1991&amp;rft.tpages=524&amp;rft.isbn=2-7089-1695-5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AGermanie+premi%C3%A8re"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Spickermann2019"><span class="ouvrage" id="Wolfgang_Spickermann2019"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wolfgang_Spickermann?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wolfgang Spickermann">Wolfgang <span class="nom_auteur">Spickermann</span></a>, <cite style="font-style:normal">«&nbsp;Les provinces germaniques&nbsp;: un champ d’analyses pour l’histoire des religions&nbsp;»</cite>, dans <cite class="italique">Rome et l’Occident&nbsp;: gouverner l’Empire (II<sup>e</sup> siècle av. J.-C. - II<sup>e</sup> siècle ap. J.-C.)</cite>, Presses universitaires de Rennes, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&nbsp;«&nbsp;Histoire&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-07-10" data-sort-value="2019-07-10">10 juillet 2019</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7535-6690-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7535-6690-3"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7535-6690-3</span></a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&nbsp;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pur.124635">10.4000/books.pur.124635</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://books.openedition.org/pur/124635">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Rome+et+l%E2%80%99Occident&amp;rft.atitle=Les+provinces+germaniques&amp;rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+Rennes&amp;rft.stitle=gouverner+l%E2%80%99Empire+%28II%3Csup%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E+si%C3%A8cle+av.+J.-C.+-+II%3Csup%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E+si%C3%A8cle+ap.+J.-C.%29&amp;rft.aulast=Spickermann&amp;rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&amp;rft.date=2019-07-10&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-7535-6690-3&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fbooks.pur.124635&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AGermanie+premi%C3%A8re"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Eck2007"><span class="ouvrage" id="Werner_Eck2007">Werner <span class="nom_auteur">Eck</span> (<abbr class="abbr" title="préface">préf.</abbr>&nbsp;Christian Goudineau et John Scheid), <cite class="italique">La romanisation de la Germanie</cite>, Paris, Éditions Errance, <time>2007</time>, 102&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-8777-2366-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-8777-2366-4"><span class="nowrap">978-2-8777-2366-4</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=La+romanisation+de+la+Germanie&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+Errance&amp;rft.aulast=Eck&amp;rft.aufirst=Werner&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.tpages=102&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-8777-2366-4&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AGermanie+premi%C3%A8re"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Vogler2003"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bernard_Vogler2003"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bernard_Vogler?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bernard Vogler">Bernard <span class="nom_auteur">Vogler</span></a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>), <cite class="italique">Nouvelle histoire de l'Alsace&nbsp;: une région au cœur de l'Europe</cite>, Toulouse, Privat, <time>2003</time>, 381&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7089-4776-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7089-4776-4"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7089-4776-4</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Nouvelle+histoire+de+l%27Alsace&amp;rft.place=Toulouse&amp;rft.pub=Privat&amp;rft.stitle=une+r%C3%A9gion+au+c%C5%93ur+de+l%27Europe&amp;rft.aulast=Vogler&amp;rft.aufirst=Bernard&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.tpages=381&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-7089-4776-4&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AGermanie+premi%C3%A8re"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Wittmann2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bernard_Wittmann2021">Bernard <span class="nom_auteur">Wittmann</span>, <cite class="italique">Nos ancêtres les Alamans&nbsp;: fondateurs de l'Alsace</cite>, Fouesnant, Yoran Verlag, <time>2021</time>, 511&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-36747-080-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-36747-080-1"><span class="nowrap">978-2-36747-080-1</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Nos+anc%C3%AAtres+les+Alamans&amp;rft.place=Fouesnant&amp;rft.pub=Yoran+Verlag&amp;rft.stitle=fondateurs+de+l%27Alsace&amp;rft.aulast=Wittmann&amp;rft.aufirst=Bernard&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.tpages=511&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-36747-080-1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AGermanie+premi%C3%A8re"></span></span></span></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Germanie_premi%C3%A8re&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Province_romaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Province romaine">Province romaine</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Champs_D%C3%A9cumates?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Champs Décumates">Champs Décumates</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanie_sup%C3%A9rieure?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germanie supérieure">Germanie supérieure</a> (Jura, Alsace et plateau suisse, 83-297)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maxima_Sequanorum?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maxima Sequanorum">Maxima Sequanorum</a> (<i>Séquanaise</i>, en Jura, Alsace et plateau suisse, 297-470)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_de_l%27Alsace?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire de l'Alsace">Histoire de l'Alsace</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Germanie_premi%C3%A8re&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> </ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Alsace?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de l’Alsace"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Alsace_%28old%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28old%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="261"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 33px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Alsace_%28old%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28old%29.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="33" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Alsace_%28old%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28old%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Alsace_%28old%29.svg/66px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28old%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Alsace?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Alsace">Portail de l’Alsace</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Bade-Wurtemberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail du Bade-Wurtemberg"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/37px-Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 37px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/37px-Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="37" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/55px-Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/74px-Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Bade-Wurtemberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Bade-Wurtemberg">Portail du Bade-Wurtemberg</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Rh%C3%A9nanie-Palatinat?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de la Rhénanie-Palatinat"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg/33px-Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 33px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg/33px-Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="33" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg/50px-Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg/66px-Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Rh%C3%A9nanie-Palatinat?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Rhénanie-Palatinat">Portail de la Rhénanie-Palatinat</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Monde_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail du monde antique"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg/32px-Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 32px;height: 24px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg/32px-Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="32" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg/48px-Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg/64px-Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Monde_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Monde antique">Portail du monde antique</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Rome_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de la Rome antique"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/17px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="343"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 17px;height: 24px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/17px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="17" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/26px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/34px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Rome_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Rome antique">Portail de la Rome antique</a></span> • <span class="bandeau-sous-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Rome_antique/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Rome antique/Empire romain">section <b>Empire romain</b></a></span></span></li> </ul><!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐txx8l Cached time: 20241124184024 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.318 seconds Real time usage: 0.413 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3855/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 95767/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 22828/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1492/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.133/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8924217/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 346.423 1 -total 49.82% 172.590 1 Modèle:Infobox_Ancienne_entité_territoriale 17.70% 61.330 1 Modèle:Ébauche 17.24% 59.712 17 Modèle:Wikidata 11.36% 39.338 1 Modèle:Infobox_V3/Début 8.66% 30.017 6 Modèle:Ouvrage 7.64% 26.482 1 Modèle:Portail 6.32% 21.877 3 Modèle:Langue 6.11% 21.162 1 Modèle:Coord 5.22% 18.085 42 Modèle:Infobox_V3/Tableau_Ligne_mixte --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key frwiki:pcache:12547027:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241124184024 and revision id 211340051. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </section> </div><!-- MobileFormatter took 0.010 seconds --><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&amp;mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Ce document provient de «&nbsp;<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DGermanie_premi%C3%A8re%26oldid%3D211340051">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Germanie_première&amp;oldid=211340051</a>&nbsp;». </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Germanie_premi%C3%A8re&amp;action=history&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Noel.guillet" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1704787111"> <span>Dernière modification le 9 janvier 2024, à 08:58</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Langues</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania_prima" title="Germania prima&nbsp;–&nbsp;allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Germania prima" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania_Primera" title="Germania Primera&nbsp;–&nbsp;espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Germania Primera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania_Prima" title="Germania Prima&nbsp;–&nbsp;néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Germania Prima" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ%25C3%25A2nia_Prima" title="Germânia Prima&nbsp;–&nbsp;portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Germânia Prima" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" alt="Wikipédia" width="119" height="18" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 9 janvier 2024 à 08:58.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Le contenu est disponible sous licence <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> sauf mention contraire.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politique de confidentialité</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%80_propos_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">À propos de Wikipédia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Avertissements_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Avertissements</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Contact">Contact</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code de conduite</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://developer.wikimedia.org">Développeurs</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://stats.wikimedia.org/%23/fr.wikipedia.org">Statistiques</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Déclaration sur les témoins (cookies)</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/fr">Conditions d’utilisation</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DGermanie_premi%25C3%25A8re%26mobileaction%3Dtoggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Version de bureau</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div><!-- v:8.3.1 --> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-txx8l","wgBackendResponseTime":586,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.318","walltime":"0.413","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3855,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":95767,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":22828,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1492,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 346.423 1 -total"," 49.82% 172.590 1 Modèle:Infobox_Ancienne_entité_territoriale"," 17.70% 61.330 1 Modèle:Ébauche"," 17.24% 59.712 17 Modèle:Wikidata"," 11.36% 39.338 1 Modèle:Infobox_V3/Début"," 8.66% 30.017 6 Modèle:Ouvrage"," 7.64% 26.482 1 Modèle:Portail"," 6.32% 21.877 3 Modèle:Langue"," 6.11% 21.162 1 Modèle:Coord"," 5.22% 18.085 42 Modèle:Infobox_V3/Tableau_Ligne_mixte"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.133","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8924217,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"1747689 à paramétrer\n42834 à paramétrer\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-txx8l","timestamp":"20241124184024","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Germanie premi\u00e8re","url":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Germanie_premi%C3%A8re","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1514139","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1514139","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributeurs aux projets Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondation Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2019-05-12T08:49:49Z","dateModified":"2024-01-09T07:58:31Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/df\/R%C3%B6mische_Provinzen_im_Alpenraum_395_n_Chr.png","headline":"province romaine"}</script> <script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('fr', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10