CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>   <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="//matomo.waset.org/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '2']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script>  <title>Search results for: interfacial magnetism</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: interfacial magnetism"> <meta name="keywords" content="interfacial magnetism"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="interfacial magnetism" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2025/2026/2027">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="interfacial magnetism"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 329</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: interfacial magnetism</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">329</span> Theoretical Investigation of the Origin of Interfacial Ferromagnetism of (LaNiO₃)n/(CaMnO₃)m Superlattices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiwuer%20Jilili">Jiwuer Jilili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iogann%20Tolbatov"> Iogann Tolbatov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mousumi%20U.%20Kahaly"> Mousumi U. Kahaly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metal to insulator transition and interfacial magnetism of the LaNiO₃ based superlattice are main interest due to thickness dependent electronic response and tunable magnetic behavior. We investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of recently experimentally synthesized (LaNiO₃)n/(CaMnO₃)m superlattices with varying LaNiO₃ thickness using density functional theory. The effect of the on-site Coulomb interaction is discussed. In switching from zero to finite U value for Ni atoms, LaNiO₃ shows transitions from half-metallic to metallic character, while spinning ordering changes from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic (FM). For CaMnO₃, U < 3 eV on Mn atoms results in G-type anti-FM spin ordering whereas increasing U value yields FM ordering. In superlattices, metal to insulator transition was achieved with a reduction of LaNiO₃ thickness. The system with one layer of LaNiO₃ yields insulating character. Increasing LaNiO₃ to two layers and above results in the onset of the metallic character with a major contribution from Ni and Mn 3d eg states. Our results for interfacial ferromagnetism, induced Ni magnetic moments and novel antiferromagnetically coupled Ni atoms are consistent with the recent experimental findings. The possible origin of the emergent magnetism is proposed in terms of the exchange interaction and Anderson localization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20theory" title="density functional theory">density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism" title=" interfacial magnetism"> interfacial magnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal-insulator%20transition" title=" metal-insulator transition"> metal-insulator transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ni%20magnetism." title=" Ni magnetism."> Ni magnetism.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94575/theoretical-investigation-of-the-origin-of-interfacial-ferromagnetism-of-lanio3ncamno3m-superlattices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">328</span> Relationship between Interfacial Instabilities and Mechanical Strength of Multilayer Symmetric Polymer Melts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Ranjbaran%20Madiseh">Mohammad Ranjbaran Madiseh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, an experimental apparatus has been developed for observing interfacial stability and deformation of multilayer pressure-driven channel flows. The interface instability of the co-extrusion flow of polyethylene and polypropylene is studied experimentally in a slit geometry. By investigating the growing interfacial wave (IW) and tensile stress of extrudate samples, a relationship between interfacial instability (II) and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has been established. It is shown that the mechanism of interfacial strength is related to interfacial instabilities as well as interfacial strength. It is shown that there is an ability to forecast the quality of final products in the co-extrusion process. In this study, it is found that the instability is controlled by its dominant wave number, which is associated with maximum tensile stress at the interface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20instability" title="interfacial instability">interfacial instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20strength" title=" interfacial strength"> interfacial strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20number" title=" wave number"> wave number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20wave" title=" interfacial wave"> interfacial wave</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156768/relationship-between-interfacial-instabilities-and-mechanical-strength-of-multilayer-symmetric-polymer-melts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">327</span> Topological Dirac Cone and Glassy Magnetism in Mn₂Sb₂Te₅</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankush%20Saxena">Ankush Saxena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intrinsic materials with the simultaneous existence of magnetism and topological states are a crucial frontier of quantum materials research. Very recently, Mn₂(Bi/Sb)₂Te₅ has been studied to have the potential to host topological surface states with an intrinsic magnetic order. Here, we studied the magnetic and topological properties of Mn₂Sb₂Te₅ single crystals. The magnetisation measurements evidenced the presence of a spin glass state with field-induced ferromagnetism. Though the heat capacity measurements show the absence of any long-range order, the observed anomalous Hall effect in transverse magneto-transport measurements evidences the ferromagnetic ordering in Mn₂Sb₂Te₅ single crystals. Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicate the presence of the topological Dirac cone. Our work provides valuable insights into the magnetism and topological character of Mn₂Sb₂Te₅ and establishes Mn₂(Bi/Sb)₂Te₅ system as a fertile ground to play with magnetism and topological states. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topological%20insulators" title="topological insulators">topological insulators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20materials" title=" quantum materials"> quantum materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomalous%20quantum%20hall%20effect" title=" anomalous quantum hall effect"> anomalous quantum hall effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARPES" title=" ARPES"> ARPES</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magneto-transport" title=" magneto-transport"> magneto-transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=susceptibility" title=" susceptibility"> susceptibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/197533/topological-dirac-cone-and-glassy-magnetism-in-mn2sb2te5" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/197533.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">326</span> Synthesis and Properties of Sulfonate Gemini Surfactants with Amide Groups</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Wang">Rui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanfa%20Tang"> Shanfa Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanwu%20Dong"> Yuanwu Dong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siyao%20Wang"> Siyao Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaowen%20Jiang"> Zhaowen Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Di%20Han"> Di Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A sulfonate Gemini surfactant sodium N,N`-bis(tetradecanoyl) propanediamine dipropyl sulfonate (GNS-14) was synthesized from 1,3-propanediamine, tetradecanoyl chloride, and1,3-propanesulfonic lactone. GNS-14 was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR. The surface activity, interfacial activity, and emulsification properties of GNS-14 solution were systematically studied. The critical micelle concentration (CCMC) of GNS-14 surfactant was 0.056 mmol/L, and the surface tension (γCMC) was 18.2 mN/m; at 50℃, 0.5% GNS-14 solution can reduce the oil-water interfacial tension to 6.5×10−2 mN/m. GNS-14 has excellent surface activity, interfacial activity, and emulsifying properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gemini%20surfactants" title="gemini surfactants">gemini surfactants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20tension" title=" surface tension"> surface tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20interfacial%20tension" title=" low interfacial tension"> low interfacial tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsifying%20properties" title=" emulsifying properties"> emulsifying properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150208/synthesis-and-properties-of-sulfonate-gemini-surfactants-with-amide-groups" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">325</span> Synthesis of Carboxylate Gemini Surfactant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Wang">Rui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanfa%20Tang"> Shanfa Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanwu%20Dong"> Yuanwu Dong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siyao%20Wang"> Siyao Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A carboxylate Gemini surfactant N, N`-bis (3-chloro-2 -hydroxypropane-N-dodecyl secondary amine) p-phenylenediamine diacetate sodium (GD12-P-12) was synthesized by substitution and ring-opening reaction from p-phenylenediamine, sodium chloroacetate, epichlorohydrin, and dodecylamine. The synthesis conditions were optimized by controlling variables. The structure of GD12-P-12 was characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR, and its foam performance, interfacial tension, viscosity was evaluated. The results show that the molecular structure of the synthesized product is consistent with that of the target product, the GD12-P-12 can reduce the oil-water interfacial tension to 7.49×10⁻³mN/m (ultra-low interfacial tension level) in 20min. GD12-P-12 surfactant has excellent foam performance, ultra-low interfacial tension, good temperature-resistant viscosity-increasing properties, has good application prospect in foam flooding. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gemini%20surfactant" title="gemini surfactant">gemini surfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization%20of%20synthesis%20conditions" title=" optimization of synthesis conditions"> optimization of synthesis conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20performance" title=" foam performance"> foam performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20interfacial%20tension" title=" low interfacial tension"> low interfacial tension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150328/synthesis-of-carboxylate-gemini-surfactant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150328.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">324</span> Multifunctional 1D α-Fe2O3/ZnO Core/Shell Semiconductor Nano-Heterostructures: Heterojunction Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gobinda%20Gopal%20Khan">Gobinda Gopal Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashutosh%20K.%20Singh"> Ashutosh K. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debasish%20Sarkar"> Debasish Sarkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study reports the facile fabrication of 1D ZnO/α-Fe2O3 semiconductor nano-heterostructures (SNHs), and we investigate the strong interfacial interactions at the heterojunction, resulting in novel multifunctionality in the hybrid structure. ZnO-coated α-Fe2O3 nanowires (NWs) have been prepared by combining electrodeposition and wet chemical methods. Significant improvement in electrical conductivity, photoluminescence, and room temperature magnetic properties have been observed for the ZnO/α-Fe2O3 SNHs over the pristine α-Fe2O3 NWs because of the contribution of the ZnO nanolayer. The increase in electrical conductivity in ZnO/α-Fe2O3 SNHs is because of the increase in free electrons in the conduction band of the SNHs due to the formation of type-II n-n band configuration at the heterojunction. The SNHs are found to exhibit enhanced visible green photoluminescence along with the UV emission at room temperature. The band-gap emission of the α-Fe2O3 NWs coupled to the defect emissions of the ZnO in SNHs can be attributed to the profound enhancement of the visible green luminescence. Ferromagnetism of the SNHs is found to be increased nearly five times in magnitude over the primeval α-Fe2O3 NWs, which can be ascribed to the exchange coupling of the interfacial spin at ZnO/α-Fe2O3 interface, the surface spin of ZnO nanolayer, along with the structural defects like the cation vacancies (VZn) and the singly ionized oxygen vacancies (Vo•) present in SNHs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-heterostructures" title="nano-heterostructures">nano-heterostructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoluminescence" title=" photoluminescence"> photoluminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20property" title=" electrical property"> electrical property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetism" title=" magnetism "> magnetism </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15493/multifunctional-1d-a-fe2o3zno-coreshell-semiconductor-nano-heterostructures-heterojunction-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15493.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">323</span> A Comparative Study on Electrical Characteristics of Au/n-SiC structure, with and Without Zn-Doped PVA Interfacial Layer at Room Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Aldahrob">M. H. Aldahrob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kokce"> A. Kokce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Altindal"> S. Altindal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20E.%20Lapa"> H. E. Lapa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to obtain the detailed information about the effect of (Zn-doped PVA) interfacial layer, surface states (Nss) and series resistance (Rs) on electrical characteristics, both Au/n- type 4H-SiC (MS) with and without (Zn doped PVA) interfacial layer were fabricated to compare. The main electrical parameters of them were investigated using forward and reverse bias current-voltage (I-V), capacitance-voltage (C-V) and conductance –voltage (G/W –V) measurements were performed at room temperature. Experimental results show that the value of ideality factor (n), zero –bias barrier height (ΦBo), Rs, rectifier rate (RR=IF/IR) and the density of Nss are strong functions interfacial layer and applied bias voltage. The energy distribution profile of Nss was obtained from forward bias I-V data by taking into account voltage dependent effective BH (ΦBo) and ideality factor (n(V)). Voltage dependent profile of Rs was also obtained both by using Ohm’s law and Nicollian and Brew methods. The other main diode parameters such as the concentration of doping donor atom (ND), Fermi energy level (EF).BH (ΦBo), depletion layer with (WD) were obtained by using the intercept and slope of the reverse bias C-2 vs V plots. It was found that (Zn-doped PVA) interfacial layer lead to a quite decrease in the values Nss, Rs and leakage current and increase in shunt resistance (Rsh) and RR. Therefore, we can say that the use of thin (Zn-doped PVA) interfacial layer can quite improved the performance of MS structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20polymer%20layer" title="interfacial polymer layer">interfacial polymer layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thickness%20dependence" title=" thickness dependence"> thickness dependence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20and%20dielectric%20properties" title=" electric and dielectric properties"> electric and dielectric properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series%20resistance" title=" series resistance"> series resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface%20state" title=" interface state"> interface state</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46570/a-comparative-study-on-electrical-characteristics-of-aun-sic-structure-with-and-without-zn-doped-pva-interfacial-layer-at-room-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46570.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">322</span> Carbon Fiber Manufacturing Conditions to Improve Interfacial Adhesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filip%20Stojcevski">Filip Stojcevski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tim%20Hilditch"> Tim Hilditch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luke%20Henderson"> Luke Henderson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although carbon fibre composites are becoming ever more prominent in the engineering industry, interfacial failure still remains one of the most common limitations to material performance. Carbon fiber surface treatments have played a major role in advancing composite properties however research into the influence of manufacturing variables on a fiber manufacturing line is lacking. This project investigates the impact of altering carbon fiber manufacturing conditions on a production line (specifically electrochemical oxidization and sizing variables) to assess fiber-matrix adhesion. Pristine virgin fibers were manufactured and interfacial adhesion systematically assessed from a microscale (single fiber) to a mesoscale (12k tow), and ultimately a macroscale (laminate). Correlations between interfacial shear strength (IFSS) at each level is explored as a function of known interfacial bonding mechanisms; namely mechanical interlocking, chemical adhesion and fiber wetting. Impact of these bonding mechanisms is assessed through extensive mechanical, topological and chemical characterisation. They are correlated to performance as a function of IFSS. Ultimately this study provides a bottoms up approach to improving composite laminates. By understanding the scaling effects from a singular fiber to a composite laminate and linking this knowledge to specific bonding mechanisms, material scientists can make an informed decision on the manufacturing conditions most beneficial for interfacial adhesion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20fibers" title="carbon fibers">carbon fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20adhesion" title=" interfacial adhesion"> interfacial adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20treatment" title=" surface treatment"> surface treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sizing" title=" sizing"> sizing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85487/carbon-fiber-manufacturing-conditions-to-improve-interfacial-adhesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">321</span> The Evaluation for Interfacial Adhesion between SOFC and Metal Adhesive in the High Temperature Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Koo%20Jeon">Sang Koo Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Hoon%20Nahm"> Seung Hoon Nahm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oh%20Heon%20Kwon"> Oh Heon Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The unit cell of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) must be stacked as several layers type to obtain the high power. The most of researcher have concerned about the performance of stacked SOFC rather than the structural stability of stacked SOFC and especially interested how to design for reducing the electrical loss and improving the high efficiency. Consequently, the stacked SOFC able to produce the electrical high power and related parts like as manifold, gas seal, bipolar plate were developed to optimize the stack design. However, the unit cell of SOFC was just layered on the interconnector without the adhesion and the hydrogen and oxygen were injected to the interfacial layer in the high temperature. On the operating condition, the interfacial layer can be the one of the weak point in the stacked SOFC. Therefore the evaluation of the structural safety for the failure is essentially needed. In this study, interfacial adhesion between SOFC and metal adhesive was estimated in the high temperature environment. The metal adhesive was used to strongly connect the unit cell of SOFC with interconnector and provide the electrical conductivity between them. The four point bending test was performed to measure the interfacial adhesion. The unit cell of SOFC and SiO2 wafer were diced and then attached by metal adhesive. The SiO2 wafer had the center notch to initiate a crack from the tip of the notch. The modified stereomicroscope combined with the CCD camera and system for measuring the length was used to observe the fracture behavior. Additionally, the interfacial adhesion was evaluated in the high temperature condition because the metal adhesive was affected by high temperature. Also the specimen was exposed in the furnace during several hours and then the interfacial adhesion was evaluated. Finally, the interfacial adhesion energy was quantitatively determined and compared in the each condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20oxide%20fuel%20cell%20%28SOFC%29" title="solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)">solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20adhesive" title=" metal adhesive"> metal adhesive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20temperature" title=" high temperature"> high temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13959/the-evaluation-for-interfacial-adhesion-between-sofc-and-metal-adhesive-in-the-high-temperature-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">320</span> Realization of Autonomous Guidance Service by Integrating Information from NFC and MEMS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawei%20Cai">Dawei Cai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present an autonomous guidance service by combining the position information from NFC and the orientation information from a 6 axis acceleration and terrestrial magnetism sensor. We developed an algorithm to calculate the device orientation based on the data from acceleration and terrestrial magnetism sensor. If visitors want to know some explanation about an exhibit in front of him, what he has to do is just lift up his mobile device. The identification program will automatically identify the status based on the information from NFC and MEMS, and start playing explanation content for him. This service may be convenient for old people or disables or children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFC" title="NFC">NFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ubiquitous%20computing" title=" ubiquitous computing"> ubiquitous computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guide%20sysem" title=" guide sysem"> guide sysem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2580/realization-of-autonomous-guidance-service-by-integrating-information-from-nfc-and-mems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">319</span> Effect of Different Types of Nano/Micro Fillers on the Interfacial Shear Properties of Polyamide 6 with De-Sized Carbon Fiber</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20H.%20Gabr">Mohamed H. Gabr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiyoshi%20Uzawa"> Kiyoshi Uzawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study aims to investigate the effect of fillers with different geometries and sizes on the interfacial shear properties of PA6 composites with de-sized carbon fiber. The fillers which have been investigated are namely; nano-layer silicates (nanoclay), sub-micro aluminum titanium (ALTi) particles, and multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT). By means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), epoxide group which defined as a sizing agent, has been removed. Sizing removal can reduce the acid parameter of carbon fibers surface promoting bonding strength at the fiber/matrix interface which is a desirable property for the carbon fiber composites. Microdroplet test showed that the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) has been enhanced with the addition of 10wt% ALTi by about 23% comparing with neat PA6. However, with including other types of fillers into PA6, the results did not show enhancement of IFSS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-micro%20particles" title="sub-micro particles">sub-micro particles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-composites" title=" nano-composites"> nano-composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20shear%20strength" title=" interfacial shear strength"> interfacial shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyamide%206" title=" polyamide 6"> polyamide 6</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55436/effect-of-different-types-of-nanomicro-fillers-on-the-interfacial-shear-properties-of-polyamide-6-with-de-sized-carbon-fiber" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">318</span> Consideration of Magnetic Lines of Force as Magnets Produced by Percussion Waves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angel%20P%C3%A9rez%20S%C3%A1nchez">Angel Pérez Sánchez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Consider magnetic lines of force as a vector magnetic current was introduced by convention around 1830. But this leads to a dead end in traditional physics, and quantum explanations must be referred to explain the magnetic phenomenon. However, a study of magnetic lines as percussive waves leads to other paths capable of interpreting magnetism through traditional physics. Methodology: Brick used in the experiment: two parallel electric current cables attract each other if current goes in the same direction and its application at a microscopic level inside magnets. Significance: Consideration of magnetic lines as magnets themselves would mean a paradigm shift in the study of magnetism and open the way to provide solutions to mysteries of magnetism until now only revealed by quantum mechanics. Major findings: discover how a magnetic field is created, as well as reason how magnetic attraction and repulsion work, understand how magnets behave when splitting them, and reveal the impossibility of a Magnetic Monopole. All of this is presented as if it were a symphony in which all the notes fit together perfectly to create a beautiful, smart, and simple work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20lines%20of%20force" title="magnetic lines of force">magnetic lines of force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20attraction%20and%20repulsion" title=" magnetic attraction and repulsion"> magnetic attraction and repulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnet%20split" title=" magnet split"> magnet split</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20monopole" title=" magnetic monopole"> magnetic monopole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20lines%20of%20force%20as%20magnets" title=" magnetic lines of force as magnets"> magnetic lines of force as magnets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20lines%20of%20force%20as%20waves" title=" magnetic lines of force as waves"> magnetic lines of force as waves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172916/consideration-of-magnetic-lines-of-force-as-magnets-produced-by-percussion-waves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172916.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">317</span> Stress Field Induced By an Interfacial Edge Dislocation in a Multi-Layered Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aditya%20Khanna">Aditya Khanna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrei%20Kotousov"> Andrei Kotousov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A novel method is presented for obtaining the stress field induced by an edge dislocation in a multilayered composite. To demonstrate the applications of the obtained solution, we consider the problem of an interfacial crack in a periodically layered bimaterial medium. The crack is modeled as a continuous distribution of edge dislocations and the Distributed Dislocation Technique (DDT) is utilized to obtain numerical results for the energy release rate (ERR). The numerical results correspond well with previously published results and the comparison serves as a validation of the obtained dislocation solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20dislocation%20technique" title="distributed dislocation technique">distributed dislocation technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edge%20dislocation" title=" edge dislocation"> edge dislocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20field" title=" elastic field"> elastic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20crack" title=" interfacial crack"> interfacial crack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-layered%20composite" title=" multi-layered composite"> multi-layered composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31667/stress-field-induced-by-an-interfacial-edge-dislocation-in-a-multi-layered-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">316</span> Developement of a New Wearable Device for Automatic Guidance Service</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawei%20Cai">Dawei Cai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a new wearable device that provide an automatic guidance servie for visitors. By combining the position information from NFC and the orientation information from a 6 axis acceleration and terrestrial magnetism sensor, the head's direction can be calculated. We developed an algorithm to calculate the device orientation based on the data from acceleration and terrestrial magnetism sensor. If visitors want to know some explanation about an exhibit in front of him, what he has to do is just lift up his mobile device. The identification program will automatically identify the status based on the information from NFC and MEMS, and start playing explanation content for him. This service may be convenient for old people or disables or children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wearable%20device" title="wearable device">wearable device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ubiquitous%20computing" title=" ubiquitous computing"> ubiquitous computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guide%20sysem" title=" guide sysem"> guide sysem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS%20sensor" title=" MEMS sensor"> MEMS sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFC" title=" NFC"> NFC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21436/developement-of-a-new-wearable-device-for-automatic-guidance-service" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">315</span> Gas Aggregation and Nanobubbles Stability on Substrates Influenced by Surface Wettability: A Molecular Dynamics Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsu-Hsu%20Yen">Tsu-Hsu Yen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interfacial gas adsorption presents a frequent challenge and opportunity for micro-/nano-fluidic operation. In this study, we investigate the wettability, gas accumulation, and nanobubble formation on various homogeneous surface conditions by using MD simulation, including a series of 3D and quasi-2D argon-water-solid systems simulation. To precisely determine the wettability on various substrates, several indicators were calculated. Among these wettability indicators, the water PMF (potential of mean force) has the most correlation tendency with interfacial water molecular orientation than depletion layer width and droplet contact angle. The results reveal that the aggregation of argon molecules on substrates not only depending on the level of hydrophobicity but also determined by the competition between gas-solid and water-solid interaction as well as water molecular structure near the surface. In addition, the surface nanobubble is always observed coexisted with the gas enrichment layer. The water structure adjacent to water-gas and water-solid interfaces also plays an important factor in gas out-flux and gas aggregation, respectively. The quasi-2D simulation shows that only a slight difference in the curved argon-water interface from the plane interface which suggests no noticeable obstructing effect on gas outflux from the gas-water interfacial water networks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20aggregation" title="gas aggregation">gas aggregation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20nanobubble" title=" interfacial nanobubble"> interfacial nanobubble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics%20simulation" title=" molecular dynamics simulation"> molecular dynamics simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wettability" title=" wettability"> wettability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120507/gas-aggregation-and-nanobubbles-stability-on-substrates-influenced-by-surface-wettability-a-molecular-dynamics-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">314</span> Interfacial Instability and Mixing Behavior between Two Liquid Layers Bounded in Finite Volumes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Li">Lei Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20M.%20Chai"> Ming M. Chai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao%20X.%20Lu"> Xiao X. Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20W.%20Wang"> Jia W. Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The mixing process of two liquid layers in a cylindrical container includes the upper liquid with higher density rushing into the lower liquid with lighter density, the lower liquid rising into the upper liquid, meanwhile the two liquid layers having interactions with each other, forming vortices, spreading or dispersing in others, entraining or mixing with others. It is a complex process constituted of flow instability, turbulent mixing and other multiscale physical phenomena and having a fast evolution velocity. In order to explore the mechanism of the process and make further investigations, some experiments about the interfacial instability and mixing behavior between two liquid layers bounded in different volumes are carried out, applying the planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) and the high speed camera (HSC) techniques. According to the results, the evolution of interfacial instability between immiscible liquid develops faster than theoretical rate given by the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability (RTI) theory. It is reasonable to conjecture that some mechanisms except the RTI play key roles in the mixture process of two liquid layers. From the results, it is shown that the invading velocity of the upper liquid into the lower liquid does not depend on the upper liquid's volume (height). Comparing to the cases that the upper and lower containers are of identical diameter, in the case that the lower liquid volume increases to larger geometric space, the upper liquid spreads and expands into the lower liquid more quickly during the evolution of interfacial instability, indicating that the container wall has important influence on the mixing process. In the experiments of miscible liquid layers’ mixing, the diffusion time and pattern of the liquid interfacial mixing also does not depend on the upper liquid's volumes, and when the lower liquid volume increases to larger geometric space, the action of the bounded wall on the liquid falling and rising flow will decrease, and the liquid interfacial mixing effects will also attenuate. Therefore, it is also concluded that the volume weight of upper heavier liquid is not the reason of the fast interfacial instability evolution between the two liquid layers and the bounded wall action is limited to the unstable and mixing flow. The numerical simulations of the immiscible liquid layers’ interfacial instability flow using the VOF method show the typical flow pattern agree with the experiments. However the calculated instability development is much slower than the experimental measurement. The numerical simulation of the miscible liquids’ mixing, which applying Fick’s diffusion law to the components’ transport equation, shows a much faster mixing rate than the experiments on the liquids’ interface at the initial stage. It can be presumed that the interfacial tension plays an important role in the interfacial instability between the two liquid layers bounded in finite volume. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20instability%20and%20mixing" title="interfacial instability and mixing">interfacial instability and mixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two%20liquid%20layers" title=" two liquid layers"> two liquid layers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Planar%20Laser%20Induced%20Fluorescence%20%28PLIF%29" title=" Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF)"> Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=High%20Speed%20Camera%20%28HSC%29" title=" High Speed Camera (HSC)"> High Speed Camera (HSC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20energy%20and%20tension" title=" interfacial energy and tension"> interfacial energy and tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cahn-Hilliard%20Navier-Stokes%20%28CHNS%29%20equations" title=" Cahn-Hilliard Navier-Stokes (CHNS) equations"> Cahn-Hilliard Navier-Stokes (CHNS) equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68285/interfacial-instability-and-mixing-behavior-between-two-liquid-layers-bounded-in-finite-volumes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">313</span> Optimal Formation of Metallic Nuggets during the Reduction of Coal-Composite Briquette</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chol%20Min%20Yu">Chol Min Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sok%20Chol%20Ri"> Sok Chol Ri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The optimization of formation and growth of metallic nuggets during self-reduction of coal composite briquette (CCB here) is essential to increase the yield of valuable metals. The formation of metallic nuggets was investigated theoretically and experimentally during the reduction of coal composite briquette made from stainless steel dust and coal. The formation of metallic nuggets is influenced by slag viscosity and interfacial tension between the liquid metal and the slag in the reduced product. Surface tensions of liquid metal and slag are rather strong, respectively, due to the high basicity of its slag. Strong surface tensions of them lead to increase of interfacial tension between the liquid metal and the slag to be favorable to the growth of metallic nuggets. The viscosity of slag and interfacial tension between the liquid metal and the slag depends on the temperature and composition of the slag. The formation and the growth of metallic nuggets depend on carbon to oxygen ratio FC/O and temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel%20dust" title="stainless steel dust">stainless steel dust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal-composite%20briquette" title=" coal-composite briquette"> coal-composite briquette</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20basicity" title=" high basicity"> high basicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20tension" title=" interfacial tension"> interfacial tension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179129/optimal-formation-of-metallic-nuggets-during-the-reduction-of-coal-composite-briquette" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">312</span> Numerical Study on the Effect of Liquid Viscosity on Gas Wall and Interfacial Shear Stress in a Horizontal Two-Phase Pipe Flow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jack%20Buckhill%20Khallahle">Jack Buckhill Khallahle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the calculation methods for interfacial and gas wall shear stress in two-phase flow over a stationary liquid surface with dissimilar liquid viscosities within a horizontal pipe are explored. The research focuses on understanding the behavior of gas and liquid phases as they interact in confined pipe geometries, with liquid-water and kerosene serving as the stationary surfaces. To achieve accurate modelling of flow variables such as pressure drop, liquid holdup, and shear stresses in such flow configurations, a 3D pipe model is developed for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. This model simulates fully developed gas flow over a stationary liquid surface within a 2.2-liter reservoir of 6.25 meters length and 0.05 meters pipe diameter. The pipe geometry is specifically configured based on the experimental setup used by Newton et al [23]. The simulations employ the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model to track the gas-liquid interface in the two-phase domain. Additionally, the k-ω Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model is used to address turbulence effects in the flow field. The governing equations are solved using the Pressure-Implicit with Splitting of Operators (PISO) algorithm. The model is validated by calculating liquid heights, gas wall, and interfacial shear stresses and comparing them against experimental data for both water and kerosene. Notably, the proposed interfacial friction factor correlation based on the employed pipe model aligns excellently with experimental data using the conventional two-phase flow calculation method. However, it is observed that the interfacial and gas wall shear stresses calculated from mathematical formulations involving hydrostatic force exhibit poor correlation with the experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Two-Phase%20Flow" title="Two-Phase Flow">Two-Phase Flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Horizontal%20Pipe" title=" Horizontal Pipe"> Horizontal Pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VOF%20Model" title=" VOF Model"> VOF Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k-%CF%89%20SST%20Model" title=" k-ω SST Model"> k-ω SST Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stationary%20Liquid%20Surface" title=" Stationary Liquid Surface"> Stationary Liquid Surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gas%20Wall%20and%20Interfacial%20Shear%20%09Stresses%20and%20Hydrostatic%20Force." title=" Gas Wall and Interfacial Shear Stresses and Hydrostatic Force."> Gas Wall and Interfacial Shear Stresses and Hydrostatic Force.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195904/numerical-study-on-the-effect-of-liquid-viscosity-on-gas-wall-and-interfacial-shear-stress-in-a-horizontal-two-phase-pipe-flow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">311</span> Loss in Efficacy of Viscoelastic Ionic Liquid Surfactants under High Salinity during Surfactant Flooding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shilpa%20K.%20Nandwani">Shilpa K. Nandwani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mousumi%20Chakraborty"> Mousumi Chakraborty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smita%20Gupta"> Smita Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When selecting surfactants for surfactant flooding during enhanced oil recovery, the most important criteria is that the surfactant system should reduce the interfacial tension between water and oil to ultralow values. In the present study, a mixture of ionic liquid surfactant and commercially available binding agent sodium tosylate has been used as a surfactant mixture. Presence of wormlike micelles indicates the possibility of achieving ultralow interfacial tension. Surface tension measurements of the mixed surfactant system have been studied. The emulsion size distribution of the mixed surfactant system at varying salinities has been studied. It has been found that at high salinities the viscoelastic surfactant system loses their efficacy and degenerate. Hence the given system may find application in low salinity reservoirs, providing good mobility to the flood during tertiary oil recovery process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionic%20liquis" title="ionic liquis">ionic liquis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20tension" title=" interfacial tension"> interfacial tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Na-tosylate" title=" Na-tosylate"> Na-tosylate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscoelastic%20surfactants" title=" viscoelastic surfactants"> viscoelastic surfactants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88938/loss-in-efficacy-of-viscoelastic-ionic-liquid-surfactants-under-high-salinity-during-surfactant-flooding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">310</span> LIFirr with an Indicator of Microbial Activity in Paraffinic Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20P.%20Casiraghi">M. P. Casiraghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20M.%20Quintella"> C. M. Quintella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Almeida"> P. Almeida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Paraffinic oils were submitted to microbial action. The microorganisms consisted of bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas sp and Bacillus lincheniforms. The alterations in interfacial tension were determined using a tensometer and applying the hanging drop technique at room temperature (299 K ±275 K). The alteration in the constitution of the paraffins was evaluated by means of gas chromatography. The microbial activity was observed to reduce interfacial tension by 54 to 78%, as well as consuming the paraffins C19 to C29 and producing paraffins C36 to C44. The LIFirr technique made it possible to determine the microbial action quickly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paraffins" title="paraffins">paraffins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosurfactants" title=" biosurfactants"> biosurfactants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LIFirr" title=" LIFirr"> LIFirr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20activity" title=" microbial activity"> microbial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20489/lifirr-with-an-indicator-of-microbial-activity-in-paraffinic-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">534</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">309</span> Improving Alkaline Water Electrolysis by Using an Asymmetrical Electrode Cell Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Wosiak">Gabriel Wosiak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Staciaki"> Felipe Staciaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eryka%20Nobrega"> Eryka Nobrega</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernesto%20Pereira"> Ernesto Pereira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen is an energy carrier with potential applications in various industries. Alkaline electrolysis is a commonly used method for hydrogen production; however, its energy cost remains relatively high compared to other methods. This is due in part to interfacial pH changes that occur during the electrolysis process. Interfacial pH changes refer to the changes in pH that occur at the interface between the cathode electrode and the electrolyte solution. These changes are caused by the electrochemical reactions at both electrodes, which consume or produces hydroxide ions (OH-) from the electrolyte solution. This results in an important change in the local pH at the electrode surface, which can have several impacts on the energy consumption and durability of electrolysers. One impact of interfacial pH changes is an increase in the overpotential required for hydrogen production. Overpotential is the difference between the theoretical potential required for a reaction to occur and the actual potential that is applied to the electrodes. In the case of water electrolysis, the overpotential is caused by a number of factors, including the mass transport of reactants and products to and from the electrodes, the kinetics of the electrochemical reactions, and the interfacial pH. An increase in the interfacial pH at the anode surface in alkaline conditions can lead to an increase in the overpotential for hydrogen production. This is because the lower local pH makes it more difficult for the hydroxide ions to be oxidized. As a result, there is an increase in the required energy to the process occur. In addition to increasing the overpotential, interfacial pH changes can also lead to the degradation of the electrodes. This is because the lower pH can make the electrode more susceptible to corrosion. As a result, the electrodes may need to be replaced more frequently, which can increase the overall cost of water electrolysis. The method presented in the paper addresses the issue of interfacial pH changes by using a cell design with a different cell design, introducing the electrode asymmetry. This design helps to mitigate the pH gradient at the anode/electrolyte interface, which reduces the overpotential and improves the energy efficiency of the electrolyser. The method was tested using a multivariate approach in both laboratory and industrial current density conditions and validated the results with numerical simulations. The results demonstrated a clear improvement (11.6%) in energy efficiency, providing an important contribution to the field of sustainable energy production. The findings of the paper have important implications for the development of cost-effective and sustainable hydrogen production methods. By mitigating interfacial pH changes, it is possible to improve the energy efficiency of alkaline electrolysis and make it a more competitive option for hydrogen production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrolyser" title="electrolyser">electrolyser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20pH" title=" interfacial pH"> interfacial pH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetric%20cell" title=" asymmetric cell"> asymmetric cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171271/improving-alkaline-water-electrolysis-by-using-an-asymmetrical-electrode-cell-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171271.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">308</span> Modulating Photoelectrochemical Water-Splitting Activity by Charge-Storage Capacity of Electrocatalysts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yawen%20Dai">Yawen Dai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ping%20Cheng"> Ping Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Ru%20Gong"> Jian Ru Gong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Photoelctrochemical (PEC) water splitting using semiconductors (SCs) provides a convenient way to convert sustainable but intermittent solar energy into clean hydrogen energy, and it has been regarded as one of most promising technology to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution in modern society. However, the record energy conversion efficiency of a PEC cell (~3%) is still far lower than the commercialization requirement (~10%). The sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) half reaction on photoanodes is a significant limiting factor of the PEC device efficiency, and electrocatalysts (ECs) are always deposited on SCs to accelerate the hole injection for OER. However, an active EC cannot guarantee enhanced PEC performance, since the newly emerged SC-EC interface complicates the interfacial charge behavior. Herein, α-Fe2O3 photoanodes coated with Co3O4 and CoO ECs are taken as the model system to glean fundamental understanding on the EC-dependent interfacial charge behavior. Intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to investigate the competition between interfacial charge transfer and recombination, which was found to be dominated by the charge storage capacities of ECs. The combined results indicate that both ECs can store holes and increase the hole density on photoanode surface. It is like a double-edged sword that benefit the multi-hole participated OER, as well as aggravate the SC-EC interfacial charge recombination due to the Coulomb attraction, thus leading to a nonmonotonic PEC performance variation trend with the increasing surface hole density. Co3O4 has low hole storage capacity which brings limited interfacial charge recombination, and thus the increased surface holes can be efficiently utilized for OER to generate enhanced photocurrent. In contrast, CoO has overlarge hole storage capacity that causes severe interfacial charge recombination, which hinders hole transfer to electrolyte for OER. Therefore, the PEC performance of α-Fe2O3 is improved by Co3O4 but decreased by CoO despite the similar electrocatalytic activity of the two ECs. First-principle calculation was conducted to further reveal how the charge storage capacity depends on the EC’s intrinsic property, demonstrating that the larger hole storage capacity of CoO than that of Co3O4 is determined by their Co valence states and original Fermi levels. This study raises up a new strategy to manipulate interfacial charge behavior and the resultant PEC performance by the charge storage capacity of ECs, providing insightful guidance for the interface design in PEC devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charge%20storage%20capacity" title="charge storage capacity">charge storage capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalyst" title=" electrocatalyst"> electrocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20charge%20behavior" title=" interfacial charge behavior"> interfacial charge behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoelectrochemistry" title=" photoelectrochemistry"> photoelectrochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-splitting" title=" water-splitting"> water-splitting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117739/modulating-photoelectrochemical-water-splitting-activity-by-charge-storage-capacity-of-electrocatalysts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">307</span> Microfluidic Method for Measuring Blood Viscosity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunseop%20Yeom">Eunseop Yeom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many cardiovascular diseases, such as thrombosis and atherosclerosis, can change biochemical molecules in plasma and red blood cell. These alterations lead to excessive increase of blood viscosity contributing to peripheral vascular diseases. In this study, a simple microfluidic-based method is used to measure blood viscosity. Microfluidic device is composed of two parallel side channels and a bridge channel. To estimate blood viscosity, blood samples and reference fluid are separately delivered into each inlet of two parallel side channels using pumps. An interfacial line between blood samples and reference fluid occurs by blocking the outlet of one side-channel. Since width for this interfacial line is determined by pressure ratio between blood and reference flows, blood viscosity can be estimated by measuring width for this interfacial line. This microfluidic-based method can be used for evaluating variations in the viscosity of animal models with cardiovascular diseases under flow conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20viscosity" title="blood viscosity">blood viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfluidic%20chip" title=" microfluidic chip"> microfluidic chip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure" title=" pressure"> pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20rate" title=" shear rate"> shear rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61260/microfluidic-method-for-measuring-blood-viscosity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">306</span> Evaluation of Mango Seed Extract as Surfactant for Enhanced Oil Recovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzaddin%20Rashid%20Hussein">Ezzaddin Rashid Hussein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the viability of mango seed extract (MSE) using a surfactant to improve oil recovery (EOR). This research examines MSE-based surfactant solutions and compares them to more traditional synthetic surfactants in terms of phase behaviour and interfacial tension. The phase behaviour and interfacial tension of five samples of surfactant solutions with different concentrations were measured. Samples 1 (2.0 g) and 1 (1.5 g) performed closest to the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and displayed the greatest decrease in surface tension, according to the results. In addition, the measurement of IFT, contact angle, and pH, as well as comparison with prior research, highlights the potential environmental benefits of MSMEs as an eco-friendly alternative. It is recommended that additional research be conducted to assess their stability and behaviour under reservoir conditions. Overall, mango seed extract demonstrates promise as a natural and sustainable surfactant for enhancing oil recovery, paving the way for eco-friendly enhanced oil recovery techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20and%20gas" title="oil and gas">oil and gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mango%20seed%20powder" title=" mango seed powder"> mango seed powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactants" title=" surfactants"> surfactants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20oil%20recovery" title=" enhanced oil recovery"> enhanced oil recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20tension%20IFT" title=" interfacial tension IFT"> interfacial tension IFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wettability" title=" wettability"> wettability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contacts%20angle" title=" contacts angle"> contacts angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20behavior" title=" phase behavior"> phase behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pH" title=" pH"> pH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170803/evaluation-of-mango-seed-extract-as-surfactant-for-enhanced-oil-recovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">305</span> Formation of Chemical Compound Layer at the Interface of Initial Substances A and B with Dominance of Diffusion of the A Atoms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavlo%20Selyshchev">Pavlo Selyshchev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Akintunde"> Samuel Akintunde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A theoretical approach to consider formation of chemical compound layer at the interface between initial substances A and B due to the interfacial interaction and diffusion is developed. It is considered situation when speed of interfacial interaction is large enough and diffusion of A-atoms through AB-layer is much more then diffusion of B-atoms. Atoms from A-layer diffuse toward B-atoms and form AB-atoms on the surface of B-layer. B-atoms are assumed to be immobile. The growth kinetics of the AB-layer is described by two differential equations with non-linear coupling, producing a good fit to the experimental data. It is shown that growth of the thickness of the AB-layer determines by dependence of chemical reaction rate on reactants concentration. In special case the thickness of the AB-layer can grow linearly or parabolically depending on that which of processes (interaction or the diffusion) controls the growth. The thickness of AB-layer as function of time is obtained. The moment of time (transition point) at which the linear growth are changed by parabolic is found. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20formation" title="phase formation">phase formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20systems" title=" binary systems"> binary systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20reaction" title=" interfacial reaction"> interfacial reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compound%20layers" title=" compound layers"> compound layers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20kinetics" title=" growth kinetics"> growth kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10901/formation-of-chemical-compound-layer-at-the-interface-of-initial-substances-a-and-b-with-dominance-of-diffusion-of-the-a-atoms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">574</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">304</span> Design of Liquid Crystal Based Interface to Study the Interaction of Gram Negative Bacterial Endotoxin with Milk Protein Lactoferrin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dibyendu%20Das">Dibyendu Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santanu%20Kumar%20Pal"> Santanu Kumar Pal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Milk protein lactoferrin (Lf) exhibits potent antibacterial activity due to its interaction with Gram-negative bacterial cell membrane component, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This paper represents fabrication of new Liquid crystals (LCs) based biosensors to explore the interaction between Lf and LPS. LPS self-assembled at aqueous/LCs interface and orients interfacial nematic 4-cyano-4’- pentylbiphenyl (5CB) LCs in a homeotropic fashion (exhibiting dark optical image under polarized optical microscope). Interestingly, on the exposure of Lf on LPS decorated aqueous/LCs interface, an optical image of LCs changed from dark to bright indicating an ordering alteration of interfacial LCs from homeotropic to tilted/planar state. The ordering transition reflects strong binding between Lf and interfacial LPS that, in turn, perturbs the orientation of LCs. With the help of epifluorescence microscopy, we further affirmed the interfacial LPS-Lf binding event by imaging the presence of FITC tagged Lf at the LPS laden aqueous/LCs interface. Finally, we have investigated the conformational behavior of Lf in solution as well as in the presence of LPS using Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and further reconfirmed with Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy where we found that Lf undergoes alpha-helix to random coil-like structure in the presence of LPS. As a whole the entire results described in this paper establish a robust approach to envisage the interaction between LPS and Lf through the ordering transitions of LCs at aqueous/LCs interface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endotoxin" title="endotoxin">endotoxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface" title=" interface"> interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactoferrin" title=" lactoferrin"> lactoferrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipopolysaccharide" title=" lipopolysaccharide"> lipopolysaccharide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81658/design-of-liquid-crystal-based-interface-to-study-the-interaction-of-gram-negative-bacterial-endotoxin-with-milk-protein-lactoferrin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81658.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">303</span> Earphone Style Wearable Device for Automatic Guidance Service with Position Sensing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawei%20Cai">Dawei Cai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a design of earphone style wearable device that may provide an automatic guidance service for visitors. With both position information and orientation information obtained from NFC and terrestrial magnetism sensor, a high level automatic guide service may be realized. To realize the service, a algorithm for position detection using the packet from NFC tags, and developed an algorithm to calculate the device orientation based on the data from acceleration and terrestrial magnetism sensors called as MEMS. If visitors want to know some explanation about an exhibit in front of him, what he has to do is only move to the object and stands for a moment. The identification program will automatically recognize the status based on the information from NFC and MEMS, and start playing explanation content about the exhibit. This service should be useful for improving the understanding of the exhibition items and bring more satisfactory visiting experience without less burden. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wearable%20device" title="wearable device">wearable device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS%20sensor" title=" MEMS sensor"> MEMS sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ubiquitous%20computing" title=" ubiquitous computing"> ubiquitous computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFC" title=" NFC"> NFC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63077/earphone-style-wearable-device-for-automatic-guidance-service-with-position-sensing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63077.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">302</span> Barrier Characteristics of Molecular Semiconductor-Based Organic/Inorganic Au/C₄₂H₂₈/n-InP Hybrid Junctions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahattin%20Abay">Bahattin Abay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thin film of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon rubrene, C₄₂H₂₈ (5,6,11,12-tetraphenyltetracene), has been surfaced on Moderately Doped (MD) n-InP substrate as an interfacial layer by means of spin coating technique for the electronic modification of Au/MD n-InP structure. Ex situ annealing has been carried out at 150 °C for three minutes under a brisk flow of nitrogen for the better adhesion of the deposited film with the substrate surface. Room temperature electrical characterization has been performed on the C₄₂H₂₈/MD n-InP hybrid junctions by current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurement in the dark. It has been seen that the C₄₂H₂₈/MD n-InP structure demonstrated extraordinary rectifying behavior. An effective barrier height (BH) as high as 0.743 eV, along with an ideality factor very close to unity (n=1.203), has been achieved for C₄₂H₂₈/n-InP organic/inorganic device. A thin C₄₂H₂₈ interfacial layer between Au and MD n-InP also reduce the reverse leakage current by almost four orders of magnitude and enhance the BH about 0.278 eV. This good performance of the device is ascribed to the passivation effect of organic interfacial layer between Au and n-InP. By using C-V measurement, in addition, the value of BH of the C₄₂H₂₈/n-InP organic/inorganic hybrid junctions have been obtained as 0.796 eV. It has been seen that both of the BH value (0.743 and 0.796 eV) for the organic/inorganic hybrid junction obtained I-V and C-V measurement, respectively are significantly larger than that of the conventional Au/n-InP structure (0.465 and 0.503 eV). It was also seen that the device had good sensitivity to the light under 100 mW/cm² illumination conditions. The obtained results indicated that modification of the interfacial potential barrier for Metal/n-InP junctions might be attained using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon thin interlayer C₄₂H₂₈. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I-V%20and%20C-V%20measurements" title="I-V and C-V measurements">I-V and C-V measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterojunction" title=" heterojunction"> heterojunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=n-InP" title=" n-InP"> n-InP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rubrene" title=" rubrene"> rubrene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20passivation" title=" surface passivation"> surface passivation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83795/barrier-characteristics-of-molecular-semiconductor-based-organicinorganic-auc42h28n-inp-hybrid-junctions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83795.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">301</span> Proportionally Damped Finite Element State-Space Model of Composite Laminated Plate with Localized Interface Degeneration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shi%20Qi%20Koo">Shi Qi Koo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Beng%20Hong%20Kueh"> Ahmad Beng Hong Kueh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work, the finite element formulation for the investigation of the effects of a localized interfacial degeneration on the dynamic behavior of the [90˚/0˚] laminated composite plate employing the state-space technique is performed. The stiffness of the laminate is determined by assembling the stiffnesses of sub-elements. This includes an introduction of an interface layer adopting the virtually zero-thickness formulation to model the interfacial degeneration. Also, the kinematically consistent mass matrix and proportional damping have been formulated to complete the free vibration governing expression. To simulate the interfacial degeneration of the laminate, the degenerated areas are defined from the center propagating outwards in a localized manner. It is found that the natural frequency, damped frequency and damping ratio of the plate decreases as the degenerated area of the interface increases. On the contrary, the loss factor increases correspondingly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20finite%20element" title="dynamic finite element">dynamic finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=localized%20interface%20degeneration" title=" localized interface degeneration"> localized interface degeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportional%20damping" title=" proportional damping"> proportional damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state-space%20modeling" title=" state-space modeling "> state-space modeling </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16720/proportionally-damped-finite-element-state-space-model-of-composite-laminated-plate-with-localized-interface-degeneration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">300</span> Research on The Regulation Mechanism of Direct Current Electric Field Electrolysis on The Characteristics of The Oil-Water Interface and Its Potential Applications in The Oil and Gas Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiang%20Li">Qiang Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengfu%20Ning"> Zhengfu Ning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Li"> Jun Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the domain of petroleum and gas production, the oil - water interface is of paramount importance, significantly influencing separation processes, fluid flow behaviors, and recovery efficiency. This study innovatively pioneers the utilization of electrolysis to modulate the properties of the oil - water interface, with the primary objective of enhancing fluid mobility and optimizing hydrocarbon recovery. This novel approach not only presents an innovative solution but also upholds environmental sustainability and operational efficacy. A series of experiments was meticulously designed, in which oil - water mixtures were subjected to direct - current (DC) voltages of 0V, 5V, 10V, and 15V. By employing advanced precision instruments, comprehensive measurements were carried out on the variations in oil - water interfacial tension, aqueous - phase cation concentration, pH value, crude - oil composition, and interfacial viscosity. A thorough exploration of the underlying relationships among these parameters was conducted to clarify the action mechanism of the DC electric field on the oil - water interface, thus providing a vital theoretical basis for optimizing oil and gas production techniques. The experimental results indicate that, under the influence of a DC electric field, the oil - water interfacial tension shows a remarkable decrease as the voltage increases. Specifically, when the voltage reaches 15V, the interfacial tension is reduced by nearly 20%. Simultaneously, the asphaltene content in crude oil decreases substantially, accompanied by a notable change in the ratio of saturated hydrocarbons to aromatic hydrocarbons. This is postulated to be a key factor contributing to the reduction in interfacial tension. Additionally, the increase in aqueous - phase cation concentration and the rise in pH value jointly promote the reduction of interfacial tension. Viscosity tests show that, under the same shear - rate conditions, the oil sample exposed to a higher voltage has the lowest viscosity, and as the shear rate increases, the viscosity of the oil sample exhibits a distinct downward trend. This research represents an innovative and environmentally - friendly strategy for regulating the oil - water interface, minimizing the dependence on chemical additives and alleviating environmental impacts. It provides novel perspectives and practical solutions for engineers involved in oil and gas extraction, potentially revolutionizing industry practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20-%20water%20interface" title="oil - water interface">oil - water interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrolysis" title=" electrolysis"> electrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20tension" title=" interfacial tension"> interfacial tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon%20recovery" title=" hydrocarbon recovery"> hydrocarbon recovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198219/research-on-the-regulation-mechanism-of-direct-current-electric-field-electrolysis-on-the-characteristics-of-the-oil-water-interface-and-its-potential-applications-in-the-oil-and-gas-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=11">11</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2025 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>