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Μία διαχρονική συνάντηση»<br />1 Δεκεμβρίου-2 Δεκεμβρίου 2018</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38112256" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d94d774355c1c74a32c551920fc05b30" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58141224,"asset_id":38112256,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58141224/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3125140" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B7%CF%82%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82">σταθης κομνηνος</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3125140" type="text/json">{"id":3125140,"first_name":"σταθης","last_name":"κομνηνος","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"σταθηςκομνηνος","display_name":"σταθης κομνηνος","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B7%CF%82%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3125140/1027146/1283623/s65__._.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38112256 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38112256"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38112256, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38112256", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38112256]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38112256").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38112256").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38112256"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="426" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Complexity_Theory">Computational Complexity Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="426" type="text/json">{"id":426,"name":"Computational Complexity Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Complexity_Theory?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2189" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Complexity">Computational Complexity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2189" type="text/json">{"id":2189,"name":"Computational Complexity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Complexity?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24831" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fractals">Fractals</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24831" type="text/json">{"id":24831,"name":"Fractals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fractals?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49800" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing">Alan Turing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="49800" type="text/json">{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38112256]'), work: {"id":38112256,"title":"X ALAN TURING.pptx","created_at":"2019-01-08T08:37:29.239-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38112256/X_ALAN_TURING_pptx?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_38112256","summary":"Η συνάντηση Επιστήμης και Φιλοσοφίας στην Τέχνη: Η περίπτωση του θεατρικού έργου Χ Alan Turing \nΔιημερίδα με θέμα:\n«Φιλοσοφία και Επιστήμη. Μία διαχρονική συνάντηση»\n1 Δεκεμβρίου-2 Δεκεμβρίου 2018\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58141224,"asset_id":38112256,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3125140,"first_name":"σταθης","last_name":"κομνηνος","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"σταθηςκομνηνος","display_name":"σταθης κομνηνος","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B7%CF%82%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3125140/1027146/1283623/s65__._.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":426,"name":"Computational Complexity Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Complexity_Theory?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2189,"name":"Computational Complexity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Complexity?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":24831,"name":"Fractals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fractals?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":107380,"name":"Church-Turing Thesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church-Turing_Thesis?f_ri=56687"},{"id":123750,"name":"Turing Patterns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Patterns?f_ri=56687"},{"id":156205,"name":"Implicit Computational Complexity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Implicit_Computational_Complexity?f_ri=56687"},{"id":318452,"name":"Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing?f_ri=56687"},{"id":349061,"name":"Turing machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine?f_ri=56687"},{"id":618291,"name":"Super-Turing Computer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Super-Turing_Computer?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1006084,"name":"Turing Machines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Machines?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1250591,"name":"Universal Turing Machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_Turing_Machine?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1832587,"name":"Alan Turing Mathematician","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing_Mathematician?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51299489" data-work_id="51299489" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51299489/Revisiting_Defenses_against_Large_Scale_Online_Password_Guessing_Attacks">Revisiting Defenses against Large-Scale Online Password Guessing Attacks</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Brute force and dictionary attacks on password-only remote login services are now widespread and ever increasing. Enabling convenient login for legitimate users while preventing such attacks is a difficult problem. Automated Turing Tests... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51299489" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Brute force and dictionary attacks on password-only remote login services are now widespread and ever increasing. Enabling convenient login for legitimate users while preventing such attacks is a difficult problem. Automated Turing Tests (ATTs) continue to be an effective, easy-to-deploy approach to identify automated malicious login attempts with reasonable cost of inconvenience to users. In this paper, we discuss the</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51299489" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6b8e39e3cd9efd1cdbd9562e3ce6d4b8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69079687,"asset_id":51299489,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69079687/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="149312275" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MohammadMannan7">Mohammad Mannan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="149312275" type="text/json">{"id":149312275,"first_name":"Mohammad","last_name":"Mannan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohammadMannan7","display_name":"Mohammad Mannan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohammadMannan7?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/149312275/63491023/51798020/s65_mohammad.mannan.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51299489 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51299489"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51299489, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51299489", }); 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Enabling convenient login for legitimate users while preventing such attacks is a difficult problem. Automated Turing Tests (ATTs) continue to be an effective, easy-to-deploy approach to identify automated malicious login attempts with reasonable cost of inconvenience to users. In this paper, we discuss the","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69079687,"asset_id":51299489,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":149312275,"first_name":"Mohammad","last_name":"Mannan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohammadMannan7","display_name":"Mohammad Mannan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohammadMannan7?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/149312275/63491023/51798020/s65_mohammad.mannan.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":440,"name":"Distributed Computing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distributed_Computing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":19883,"name":"Protocol Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protocol_Design?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":64561,"name":"Computer Software","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Software?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":306903,"name":"IP networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IP_networks?f_ri=56687"},{"id":758278,"name":"Large Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Scale?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1547575,"name":"Brute Force Attacks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brute_Force_Attacks?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1747186,"name":"Usable Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usable_Security?f_ri=56687"},{"id":2070034,"name":"Data Format","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Format?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31199434" data-work_id="31199434" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31199434/Si_les_ordinateurs_peuvent_parler_peuvent_elles_penser">Si les ordinateurs peuvent parler, peuvent-elles penser?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31199434" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="362582165b5750ad2f22d3e13e0f80a7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51618934,"asset_id":31199434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51618934/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="57123007" href="https://uqtr.academia.edu/KymLymburner">Kym Lymburner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="57123007" type="text/json">{"id":57123007,"first_name":"Kym","last_name":"Lymburner","domain_name":"uqtr","page_name":"KymLymburner","display_name":"Kym Lymburner","profile_url":"https://uqtr.academia.edu/KymLymburner?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/57123007/15000624/16774213/s65_kym.lymburner.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31199434 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31199434"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31199434, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31199434", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31199434]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31199434").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31199434").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31199434"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10865" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hilary_Putnam">Hilary Putnam</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10865" type="text/json">{"id":10865,"name":"Hilary Putnam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hilary_Putnam?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26165" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_R._Searle">John R. Searle</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26165" type="text/json">{"id":26165,"name":"John R. Searle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_R._Searle?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49800" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing">Alan Turing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="49800" type="text/json">{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31199434]'), work: {"id":31199434,"title":"Si les ordinateurs peuvent parler, peuvent-elles penser?","created_at":"2017-02-03T05:52:11.120-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31199434/Si_les_ordinateurs_peuvent_parler_peuvent_elles_penser?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_31199434","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51618934,"asset_id":31199434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57123007,"first_name":"Kym","last_name":"Lymburner","domain_name":"uqtr","page_name":"KymLymburner","display_name":"Kym Lymburner","profile_url":"https://uqtr.academia.edu/KymLymburner?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/57123007/15000624/16774213/s65_kym.lymburner.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":10865,"name":"Hilary Putnam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hilary_Putnam?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":26165,"name":"John R. Searle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_R._Searle?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":349061,"name":"Turing machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1006084,"name":"Turing Machines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Machines?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_920806" data-work_id="920806" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/920806/Prolegomena_to_Any_Future_Artificial_Moral_Agent">Prolegomena to Any Future Artificial Moral Agent</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As artificial intelligence moves ever closer to the goal of producing fully autonomous agents, the question of how to design and implement an artificial moral agent (AMA) becomes increasingly pressing. Robots possessing autonomous... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_920806" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As artificial intelligence moves ever closer to the goal of producing fully autonomous agents, the question of how to design and implement an artificial moral agent (AMA) becomes increasingly pressing. Robots possessing autonomous capacities to do things that are useful to humans will also have the capacity to do things that are harmful to humans and other sentient beings. Theoretical challenges to developing artiticial moral agents result both from controversies among ethicists<br />about moral theory itself, and from computational limits to the implementation of such theories. In this paper the ethical disputes are surveyed, the possibility of a `moral Turing Test ’ is considered and the computational difficulties accompanying the<br />different types of approach are assessed. Human-like performance, which is prone to include immoral actions, may not be acceptable in machines, but moral perfection may be computationally unattainable . The risks posed by autonomous machines ignorantly or deliberately harming people and other sentient beings are great. The development of machines with enough intelligence to assess the effects of their actions on sentient beings and act accordingly may ultimately be the most important task faced by the designers of artificially intelligent automata.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/920806" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2c2008affa91cc8c6682c98ec7902a68" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":5591048,"asset_id":920806,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/5591048/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="76213" href="https://tamu.academia.edu/GaryVarner">Gary Varner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="76213" type="text/json">{"id":76213,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Varner","domain_name":"tamu","page_name":"GaryVarner","display_name":"Gary Varner","profile_url":"https://tamu.academia.edu/GaryVarner?f_ri=56687","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_920806 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="920806"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 920806, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_920806", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=920806]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_920806").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_920806").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="920806"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4759" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Ethics">Computer Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4759" type="text/json">{"id":4759,"name":"Computer Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Ethics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=920806]'), work: {"id":920806,"title":"Prolegomena to Any Future Artificial Moral Agent","created_at":"2011-09-16T00:40:50.889-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/920806/Prolegomena_to_Any_Future_Artificial_Moral_Agent?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_920806","summary":"As artificial intelligence moves ever closer to the goal of producing fully autonomous agents, the question of how to design and implement an artificial moral agent (AMA) becomes increasingly pressing. Robots possessing autonomous capacities to do things that are useful to humans will also have the capacity to do things that are harmful to humans and other sentient beings. Theoretical challenges to developing artiticial moral agents result both from controversies among ethicists\nabout moral theory itself, and from computational limits to the implementation of such theories. In this paper the ethical disputes are surveyed, the possibility of a `moral Turing Test ’ is considered and the computational difficulties accompanying the\ndifferent types of approach are assessed. Human-like performance, which is prone to include immoral actions, may not be acceptable in machines, but moral perfection may be computationally unattainable . The risks posed by autonomous machines ignorantly or deliberately harming people and other sentient beings are great. The development of machines with enough intelligence to assess the effects of their actions on sentient beings and act accordingly may ultimately be the most important task faced by the designers of artificially intelligent automata.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":5591048,"asset_id":920806,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":76213,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Varner","domain_name":"tamu","page_name":"GaryVarner","display_name":"Gary Varner","profile_url":"https://tamu.academia.edu/GaryVarner?f_ri=56687","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":4759,"name":"Computer Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Ethics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68816016" data-work_id="68816016" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68816016/From_Alan_Turings_imitation_game_to_contemporary_lifestreaming_attempts">From Alan Turing's imitation game to contemporary lifestreaming attempts</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Among his various productive contributions, Alan Turing has imagined to turn the question “can machines think?” into what he called an Imitation game, with specific rules and play conditions. Reusing the notion of dynamic continuum from... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68816016" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Among his various productive contributions, Alan Turing has imagined to turn the question “can machines think?” into what he called an Imitation game, with specific rules and play conditions. Reusing the notion of dynamic continuum from ludus to paidia, as introduced by Roger Caillois in his famous study Man, Play and Games, we claim, with most computer scientists, that the Turing Imitation game is strongly ludus-tagged, mostly because it is not attractive and playful enough to be spontaneously played: the contrast is strong, compared to some later paidia-tagged game involving computing machineries, like Interactive information and digital content browsing and retrieval. As far as designing our interactive Artificial Intelligence systems is concerned, why should we have to choose between ludus and paidia or to deny their eternal competition? On the contrary, this paper proposes to dare to establish that irreducible concurrency between ludus and paidia as the heart of our future systems, rediscovering the importance of the Greek notion of kairos.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68816016" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cd797629db7be14448e4d7a9140edbf0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81079084,"asset_id":68816016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81079084/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="148104566" href="https://champlacanien-net.academia.edu/KarimBarkati">Karim Barkati</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="148104566" type="text/json">{"id":148104566,"first_name":"Karim","last_name":"Barkati","domain_name":"champlacanien-net","page_name":"KarimBarkati","display_name":"Karim Barkati","profile_url":"https://champlacanien-net.academia.edu/KarimBarkati?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/148104566/105673362/94875708/s65_karim.barkati.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68816016 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68816016"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68816016, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68816016", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_68816016 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68816016; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_68816016"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_68816016 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68816016"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68816016; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68816016]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_68816016").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_68816016").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="68816016"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49800" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing">Alan Turing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49800" type="text/json">{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=68816016]'), work: {"id":68816016,"title":"From Alan Turing's imitation game to contemporary lifestreaming attempts","created_at":"2022-01-20T04:45:08.830-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/68816016/From_Alan_Turings_imitation_game_to_contemporary_lifestreaming_attempts?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_68816016","summary":"Among his various productive contributions, Alan Turing has imagined to turn the question “can machines think?” into what he called an Imitation game, with specific rules and play conditions. Reusing the notion of dynamic continuum from ludus to paidia, as introduced by Roger Caillois in his famous study Man, Play and Games, we claim, with most computer scientists, that the Turing Imitation game is strongly ludus-tagged, mostly because it is not attractive and playful enough to be spontaneously played: the contrast is strong, compared to some later paidia-tagged game involving computing machineries, like Interactive information and digital content browsing and retrieval. As far as designing our interactive Artificial Intelligence systems is concerned, why should we have to choose between ludus and paidia or to deny their eternal competition? On the contrary, this paper proposes to dare to establish that irreducible concurrency between ludus and paidia as the heart of our future systems, rediscovering the importance of the Greek notion of kairos.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81079084,"asset_id":68816016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":148104566,"first_name":"Karim","last_name":"Barkati","domain_name":"champlacanien-net","page_name":"KarimBarkati","display_name":"Karim Barkati","profile_url":"https://champlacanien-net.academia.edu/KarimBarkati?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/148104566/105673362/94875708/s65_karim.barkati.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":75001,"name":"Roger Caillois","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roger_Caillois?f_ri=56687"},{"id":83905,"name":"Kairos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kairos?f_ri=56687"},{"id":305054,"name":"Turing's Imitation Game","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turings_Imitation_Game?f_ri=56687"},{"id":734857,"name":"Web Browsing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Web_Browsing?f_ri=56687"},{"id":874951,"name":"Ludus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ludus?f_ri=56687"},{"id":3123213,"name":"Paidia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paidia?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5073979" data-work_id="5073979" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5073979/Application_of_the_Technology_Acceptance_Model_to_a_Knowledge_Management_System">Application of the Technology Acceptance Model to a Knowledge Management System</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This research investigates the applicability of Davis' technology acceptance model to user acceptance of a knowledge management information system. It addresses two important questions: "Does the technology acceptance model explain user... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5073979" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This research investigates the applicability of Davis' technology acceptance model to user acceptance of a knowledge management information system. It addresses two important questions: "Does the technology acceptance model explain user acceptance and usage of an information system implemented to support knowledge management objectives?" ''Can previous technology acceptance model user acceptance research serve as a basis for investigation of user acceptance of knowledge management information technology systems?" This study provides preliminary evidence that previous information technology acceptance research based on the technology acceptance model, may serve as a foundation for research of knowledge management system user acceptance. Relationships among primary TAM constructs are in substantive agreement with those characteristic of previous TAM research. Significant positive relationships between perceived usefulness, ease of use, and system usage were consistent with previous TAM research. The observed mediating role of perceived usefulness in the relationship between ease of use and usage was also in consonance with earlier findings. The findings are significant because they suggest that the considerable body of previous TAM related information technology research may be usefully applied to the knowledge management domain, and promote further investigation of factors affecting the user acceptance and usage of knowledge management information systems.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5073979" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b75cfcf41704e76034c9089fa8910039" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49460700,"asset_id":5073979,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49460700/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6786567" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArchTurner">Arch Turner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6786567" type="text/json">{"id":6786567,"first_name":"Arch","last_name":"Turner","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArchTurner","display_name":"Arch Turner","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArchTurner?f_ri=56687","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5073979 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5073979"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5073979, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5073979", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5073979 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5073979; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5073979"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5073979 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5073979"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5073979; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5073979]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5073979").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5073979").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5073979"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="491" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology">Information Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="491" type="text/json">{"id":491,"name":"Information Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1241" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management">Knowledge Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1241" type="text/json">{"id":1241,"name":"Knowledge Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1615" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usability">Usability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1615" type="text/json">{"id":1615,"name":"Usability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usability?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2602" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accessibility">Accessibility</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2602" type="text/json">{"id":2602,"name":"Accessibility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accessibility?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5073979]'), work: {"id":5073979,"title":"Application of the Technology Acceptance Model to a Knowledge Management System","created_at":"2013-11-12T01:59:50.028-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5073979/Application_of_the_Technology_Acceptance_Model_to_a_Knowledge_Management_System?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_5073979","summary":"This research investigates the applicability of Davis' technology acceptance model to user acceptance of a knowledge management information system. It addresses two important questions: \"Does the technology acceptance model explain user acceptance and usage of an information system implemented to support knowledge management objectives?\" ''Can previous technology acceptance model user acceptance research serve as a basis for investigation of user acceptance of knowledge management information technology systems?\" This study provides preliminary evidence that previous information technology acceptance research based on the technology acceptance model, may serve as a foundation for research of knowledge management system user acceptance. Relationships among primary TAM constructs are in substantive agreement with those characteristic of previous TAM research. Significant positive relationships between perceived usefulness, ease of use, and system usage were consistent with previous TAM research. The observed mediating role of perceived usefulness in the relationship between ease of use and usage was also in consonance with earlier findings. The findings are significant because they suggest that the considerable body of previous TAM related information technology research may be usefully applied to the knowledge management domain, and promote further investigation of factors affecting the user acceptance and usage of knowledge management information systems.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49460700,"asset_id":5073979,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6786567,"first_name":"Arch","last_name":"Turner","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArchTurner","display_name":"Arch Turner","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArchTurner?f_ri=56687","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":491,"name":"Information Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":1241,"name":"Knowledge Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":1615,"name":"Usability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usability?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2602,"name":"Accessibility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accessibility?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":9012,"name":"Technology Acceptance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Acceptance?f_ri=56687"},{"id":55371,"name":"Captchas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Captchas?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":62992,"name":"Technology acceptance model(TAM)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_acceptance_model_TAM_?f_ri=56687"},{"id":140567,"name":"Perceived Usefulness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perceived_Usefulness?f_ri=56687"},{"id":247030,"name":"User Acceptance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/User_Acceptance?f_ri=56687"},{"id":284246,"name":"Knowledge Management System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management_System?f_ri=56687"},{"id":405824,"name":"Technology Acceptance Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Acceptance_Model?f_ri=56687"},{"id":566429,"name":"BAMS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BAMS?f_ri=56687"},{"id":642878,"name":"Ease of Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ease_of_Use?f_ri=56687"},{"id":2213585,"name":"Information System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_System?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_714197" data-work_id="714197" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/714197/Chatbot_Enhanced_Algorithms_A_Case_Study_on_Implementation_in_Bahasa_Malaysia_Human_Language">Chatbot Enhanced Algorithms: A Case Study on Implementation in Bahasa Malaysia Human Language</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/714197" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="62443f29ce51f11487851b3aeec417ed" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="155958" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pattern_Matching">Pattern Matching</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="155958" type="text/json">{"id":155958,"name":"Pattern Matching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pattern_Matching?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="212702" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scripting_Language">Scripting Language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="212702" type="text/json">{"id":212702,"name":"Scripting Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scripting_Language?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=714197]'), work: 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u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Earth Day guest sermon at Follen Church in Lexington, Massachusetts. Blueprint for redeeming environmental sinners.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12588975" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ad2b0f75689e15fe46b35bc8424cf776" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37734790,"asset_id":12588975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37734790/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="835680" href="https://ronininstitute.academia.edu/BrentRanalli">Brent Ranalli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="835680" type="text/json">{"id":835680,"first_name":"Brent","last_name":"Ranalli","domain_name":"ronininstitute","page_name":"BrentRanalli","display_name":"Brent Ranalli","profile_url":"https://ronininstitute.academia.edu/BrentRanalli?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/835680/858960/1071460/s65_brent.ranalli.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12588975 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12588975"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12588975, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12588975", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12588975]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12588975").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12588975").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12588975"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3407" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Studies">Environmental Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3407" type="text/json">{"id":3407,"name":"Environmental Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Studies?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18845" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability">Environmental Sustainability</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="18845" type="text/json">{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12588975]'), work: {"id":12588975,"title":"Becoming Indigenous","created_at":"2015-05-25T14:35:21.910-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12588975/Becoming_Indigenous?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_12588975","summary":"Earth Day guest sermon at Follen Church in Lexington, Massachusetts. 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An original masterpiece may be worth millions while a copy, no matter how exact the resemblance, would yield just a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44157831" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As the saying goes, imitation is the most sincere form of flattery, yet very few assume imitation to be equivalence. An original masterpiece may be worth millions while a copy, no matter how exact the resemblance, would yield just a fraction of the price. I propose that there is more to thought than a machine will ever be capable of. The imitation game, while reproducing an imitation that is something like human thinking and interaction, will never achieve that same unique mode of thinking we experience as human species. This presentation aims to outline some of the hidden assumptions in the Turing Test for the computational theory of mind, explain some of the most popular arguments against the computational model of thought today, provide some original thought experiments, and finally discuss briefly the unique aspects of human thought that may never be able to be replicated in a machine.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44157831" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="42417485eb8dc6ecc5364416846f2d26" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64514584,"asset_id":44157831,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64514584/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="77862876" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StudiaGilsoniana">Studia Gilsoniana</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="77862876" type="text/json">{"id":77862876,"first_name":"Studia","last_name":"Gilsoniana","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StudiaGilsoniana","display_name":"Studia Gilsoniana","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StudiaGilsoniana?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/77862876/19193057/19137763/s65_studia.gilsoniana.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44157831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44157831"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44157831, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44157831", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44157831]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44157831").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44157831").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44157831"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="98" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics">Semiotics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="98" type="text/json">{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9539" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materialism">Materialism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9539" type="text/json">{"id":9539,"name":"Materialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materialism?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10499" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functionalism">Functionalism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10499" type="text/json">{"id":10499,"name":"Functionalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functionalism?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44157831]'), work: {"id":44157831,"title":"AI Can Never Think: The Uniqueness of Human Thought","created_at":"2020-09-24T13:03:06.058-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44157831/AI_Can_Never_Think_The_Uniqueness_of_Human_Thought?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_44157831","summary":"As the saying goes, imitation is the most sincere form of flattery, yet very few assume imitation to be equivalence. An original masterpiece may be worth millions while a copy, no matter how exact the resemblance, would yield just a fraction of the price. I propose that there is more to thought than a machine will ever be capable of. The imitation game, while reproducing an imitation that is something like human thinking and interaction, will never achieve that same unique mode of thinking we experience as human species. This presentation aims to outline some of the hidden assumptions in the Turing Test for the computational theory of mind, explain some of the most popular arguments against the computational model of thought today, provide some original thought experiments, and finally discuss briefly the unique aspects of human thought that may never be able to be replicated in a machine.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64514584,"asset_id":44157831,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":77862876,"first_name":"Studia","last_name":"Gilsoniana","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StudiaGilsoniana","display_name":"Studia Gilsoniana","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StudiaGilsoniana?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/77862876/19193057/19137763/s65_studia.gilsoniana.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":9539,"name":"Materialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materialism?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":10499,"name":"Functionalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functionalism?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":51754,"name":"Dualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dualism?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9994632" data-work_id="9994632" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9994632/Un_dressing_the_interface_Exposing_the_foundational_HCI_metaphor_computer_is_woman">Un)dressing the interface: Exposing the foundational HCI metaphor “computer is woman</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9994632" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="42acaeb328dfb7f040729b586ca6ddf5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38588541,"asset_id":9994632,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38588541/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24313331" href="https://missouristate.academia.edu/MargaretWeaver">Margaret Weaver</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24313331" type="text/json">{"id":24313331,"first_name":"Margaret","last_name":"Weaver","domain_name":"missouristate","page_name":"MargaretWeaver","display_name":"Margaret Weaver","profile_url":"https://missouristate.academia.edu/MargaretWeaver?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24313331/6558314/7415215/s65_margaret.weaver.jpg_oh_2e789e06bc40d2b18cd6725b0c03ad3a_oe_5535bf7e___gda___1428741582_1d032ccdb8af61b141da6c925d9fed9e"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9994632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9994632"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9994632, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9994632", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9994632]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9994632").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9994632").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9994632"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems">Information Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37" type="text/json">{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1192" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feminist_Theory">Feminist Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1192" type="text/json">{"id":1192,"name":"Feminist Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feminist_Theory?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9994632]'), work: {"id":9994632,"title":"Un)dressing the interface: Exposing the foundational HCI metaphor “computer is woman","created_at":"2015-01-03T14:00:37.888-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9994632/Un_dressing_the_interface_Exposing_the_foundational_HCI_metaphor_computer_is_woman?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_9994632","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38588541,"asset_id":9994632,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24313331,"first_name":"Margaret","last_name":"Weaver","domain_name":"missouristate","page_name":"MargaretWeaver","display_name":"Margaret Weaver","profile_url":"https://missouristate.academia.edu/MargaretWeaver?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24313331/6558314/7415215/s65_margaret.weaver.jpg_oh_2e789e06bc40d2b18cd6725b0c03ad3a_oe_5535bf7e___gda___1428741582_1d032ccdb8af61b141da6c925d9fed9e"}],"research_interests":[{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":1192,"name":"Feminist Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feminist_Theory?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":198544,"name":"Direct manipulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direct_manipulation?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44945777" data-work_id="44945777" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44945777/Archipelag_sztucznej_inteligencji_Cz%C4%99%C5%9B%C4%87_I">Archipelag sztucznej inteligencji. Część I</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dlaczego "archipelag"? Tytuł tego artykułu może budzić wątpliwości Czytelników. Sztuczna inteligencja? Wiadomo! Ale jakiś archipelag? Już wyjaśniam. Otóż sztuczna inteligencja tylko z nazwy jest dziedziną integralną, jak - nawiązując do... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44945777" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dlaczego "archipelag"? Tytuł tego artykułu może budzić wątpliwości Czytelników. Sztuczna inteligencja? Wiadomo! Ale jakiś archipelag? Już wyjaśniam. Otóż sztuczna inteligencja tylko z nazwy jest dziedziną integralną, jak - nawiązując do tytułu miesięcznika - napędy albo sterowanie. W istocie sztuczna inteligencja (AI) to zbiór bardzo różnych metod, które ludzie wymyślili w tym celu, żeby maszyny lepiej zaspokajały ich potrzeby. Te metody w większości nie mają ze sobą nawzajem absolutnie nic wspólnego. Są od siebie odległe i nie ma łatwego sposobu przejścia od jednej z nich do innej.<br />W prezentowanym tu artykule przedstawione zostały ogólne informacje na temat tego, czym jest sztuczna inteligencja oraz omówione są trzy "wyspy": Metody AI oparte na rachunku symbolicznym, sztuczne sieci neuronowe oraz systemy ekspertowe. Kolejne metody są omawiane w kolejnych artykułach tego cyklu.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44945777" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4d9a1063da250301d38ccdfe3064c9dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65475109,"asset_id":44945777,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65475109/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37662438" href="https://pan-pl.academia.edu/RyszardTadeusiewicz">Ryszard Tadeusiewicz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37662438" type="text/json">{"id":37662438,"first_name":"Ryszard","last_name":"Tadeusiewicz","domain_name":"pan-pl","page_name":"RyszardTadeusiewicz","display_name":"Ryszard Tadeusiewicz","profile_url":"https://pan-pl.academia.edu/RyszardTadeusiewicz?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37662438/12050914/13425251/s65_ryszard.tadeusiewicz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44945777 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44945777"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44945777, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44945777", }); 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Są od siebie odległe i nie ma łatwego sposobu przejścia od jednej z nich do innej.\nW prezentowanym tu artykule przedstawione zostały ogólne informacje na temat tego, czym jest sztuczna inteligencja oraz omówione są trzy \"wyspy\": Metody AI oparte na rachunku symbolicznym, sztuczne sieci neuronowe oraz systemy ekspertowe. Kolejne metody są omawiane w kolejnych artykułach tego cyklu. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65475109,"asset_id":44945777,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37662438,"first_name":"Ryszard","last_name":"Tadeusiewicz","domain_name":"pan-pl","page_name":"RyszardTadeusiewicz","display_name":"Ryszard Tadeusiewicz","profile_url":"https://pan-pl.academia.edu/RyszardTadeusiewicz?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37662438/12050914/13425251/s65_ryszard.tadeusiewicz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":470,"name":"Expert Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Expert_Systems?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":54123,"name":"Artificial Neural Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Neural_Networks?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":153002,"name":"Overtraining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Overtraining?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32279947" data-work_id="32279947" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32279947/The_Mind_as_the_Software_of_the_Brain">The Mind as the Software of the Brain</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Chapter 11 of: An Invitation to Cognitive Science, Volume 3, edited by Edward E. Smith and Daniel Osherson, pages 377-425</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32279947" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="67a0d0d5fc4fa19f1069578228c3e5f7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52496908,"asset_id":32279947,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52496908/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="62570886" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NedBlock">Ned Block</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="62570886" type="text/json">{"id":62570886,"first_name":"Ned","last_name":"Block","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NedBlock","display_name":"Ned Block","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NedBlock?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/62570886/16524431/16858927/s65_ned.block.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32279947 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32279947"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32279947, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32279947", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8113467]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8113467").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8113467").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8113467"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14023" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wittgenstein">Wittgenstein</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14023" type="text/json">{"id":14023,"name":"Wittgenstein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wittgenstein?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thinking">Thinking</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="61534" type="text/json">{"id":61534,"name":"Thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thinking?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8113467]'), work: {"id":8113467,"title":"Wittgensteinian Perspectives on the Turing Test","created_at":"2014-08-28T02:32:36.774-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8113467/Wittgensteinian_Perspectives_on_the_Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_8113467","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34559635,"asset_id":8113467,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3640646,"first_name":"Ondřej","last_name":"Beran","domain_name":"upce","page_name":"OndřejBeran","display_name":"Ondřej Beran","profile_url":"https://upce.academia.edu/Ond%C5%99ejBeran?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3640646/1279962/1593058/s65_ond_ej.beran.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":14023,"name":"Wittgenstein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wittgenstein?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":61534,"name":"Thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thinking?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12968201" data-work_id="12968201" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12968201/Metahistorical_Narratives_and_Scientific_Metafictions_A_Critical_Insight_into_the_Twentieth_Century_Poetics">Metahistorical Narratives & Scientific Metafictions. A Critical Insight into the Twentieth-Century Poetics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12968201" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="25a2f571929e10596db896feeac60a37" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44699709,"asset_id":12968201,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44699709/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="117230" href="https://uniromatre.academia.edu/GiuseppeEpiscopo">Giuseppe Episcopo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="117230" type="text/json">{"id":117230,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Episcopo","domain_name":"uniromatre","page_name":"GiuseppeEpiscopo","display_name":"Giuseppe Episcopo","profile_url":"https://uniromatre.academia.edu/GiuseppeEpiscopo?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/117230/9607532/81665026/s65_giuseppe.episcopo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12968201 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12968201"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12968201, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12968201", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12968201]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12968201").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12968201").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12968201"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4289" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4289" type="text/json">{"id":4289,"name":"Cyberpunk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberpunk?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8447" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thomas_Pynchon">Thomas Pynchon</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8447" type="text/json">{"id":8447,"name":"Thomas Pynchon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thomas_Pynchon?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8487" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sigmund_Freud">Sigmund Freud</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8487" type="text/json">{"id":8487,"name":"Sigmund Freud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sigmund_Freud?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17249" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steampunk">Steampunk</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17249" type="text/json">{"id":17249,"name":"Steampunk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steampunk?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12968201]'), work: {"id":12968201,"title":"Metahistorical Narratives \u0026 Scientific Metafictions. A Critical Insight into the Twentieth-Century Poetics","created_at":"2015-06-13T16:53:28.435-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12968201/Metahistorical_Narratives_and_Scientific_Metafictions_A_Critical_Insight_into_the_Twentieth_Century_Poetics?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_12968201","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44699709,"asset_id":12968201,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":117230,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Episcopo","domain_name":"uniromatre","page_name":"GiuseppeEpiscopo","display_name":"Giuseppe Episcopo","profile_url":"https://uniromatre.academia.edu/GiuseppeEpiscopo?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/117230/9607532/81665026/s65_giuseppe.episcopo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4289,"name":"Cyberpunk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberpunk?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":8447,"name":"Thomas Pynchon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thomas_Pynchon?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":8487,"name":"Sigmund Freud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sigmund_Freud?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":17249,"name":"Steampunk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steampunk?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":30065,"name":"Toni Morrison","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toni_Morrison?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":75494,"name":"Neal Stephenson","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neal_Stephenson?f_ri=56687"},{"id":76149,"name":"Sarah Waters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sarah_Waters?f_ri=56687"},{"id":312734,"name":"Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chimamanda_Ngozi_Adichie?f_ri=56687"},{"id":842775,"name":"Daniel Kehlmann","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Daniel_Kehlmann?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1005792,"name":"Salvagepunk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salvagepunk?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1649638,"name":"Dieselpunk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dieselpunk?f_ri=56687"},{"id":2443839,"name":"Barry Unsworth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barry_Unsworth?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37110965" data-work_id="37110965" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37110965/_INTELLIGENZE_ARTIFICIALI_INCORPORATE_Macchine_femmina_e_relazioni_di_genere_umano_macchiniche_nel_cinema_e_nella_televisione_contemporanei_">"INTELLIGENZE ARTIFICIALI INCORPORATE. Macchine femmina e relazioni di genere umano-macchiniche nel cinema e nella televisione contemporanei"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37110965" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bf48ff6972c653ecc45a7d1d3717e896" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57062423,"asset_id":37110965,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57062423/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13909" href="https://unive.academia.edu/FedericaTimeto">Federica Timeto</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13909" type="text/json">{"id":13909,"first_name":"Federica","last_name":"Timeto","domain_name":"unive","page_name":"FedericaTimeto","display_name":"Federica Timeto","profile_url":"https://unive.academia.edu/FedericaTimeto?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13909/4662/162049808/s65_federica.timeto.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37110965 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37110965"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37110965, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37110965", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37110965]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37110965").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37110965").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37110965"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="472" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Computer_Interaction">Human Computer Interaction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="472" type="text/json">{"id":472,"name":"Human Computer Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Computer_Interaction?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="696" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies">Gender Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="696" type="text/json">{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1192" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feminist_Theory">Feminist Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1192" type="text/json">{"id":1192,"name":"Feminist Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feminist_Theory?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37110965]'), work: {"id":37110965,"title":"\"INTELLIGENZE ARTIFICIALI INCORPORATE. 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An universal Turing-Maschine has several interesting properties: It is (a) deterministic, (b) programmable, (c) self-changing, (d) very extensible and (e) it can be build as a mechanical aparatus. Is that enough to develop... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11832437" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Masterthesis. An universal Turing-Maschine has several interesting properties: It is (a) deterministic, (b) programmable, (c) self-changing, (d) very extensible and (e) it can be build as a mechanical aparatus. Is that enough to develop intelligent behavior? To properly understand this question, this masterthesis (1) reconstructs the developement of the concept of the Turing-Machine against the background of the history of mathematics and its philosophical implications and (2) follows Alan M. Turings thoughts about the de-limitation of  actual versions of Turing-Machines. It is explored which limits of his machines Turing did see and if any of these limits are supposed to be neccesary (in the sense of: not historically contingent).  As a result the starting question can be rephrased: "Is there something that we should attribute to a human beeing, but that we cannot attribute to a Turing-Machine?". <br /> An introduction sums up the discourse about the relevance of the Turing-Test for the history of philosophy, especially in Germany. Chapter 5 collects some open questions about (a) the possible range of variation of embodiment of a Turing-Machine, (b) the relevance of Turings biography for Turings work and (c) the relevance of poetic narratives (like science fiction) for the developement of state-of-the-art technology. <br />In Chapters 6 an annotated history of Turing-Editions (and german translations) and scientific anthologies about the Turing-Test is given. Chaper 7 contains a useful bibliography.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11832437" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="681bd1f1a47cc99d09388e196b95bf62" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37235101,"asset_id":11832437,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37235101/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29189080" href="https://adwmainz.academia.edu/ChristianVater">Christian Vater</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29189080" type="text/json">{"id":29189080,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Vater","domain_name":"adwmainz","page_name":"ChristianVater","display_name":"Christian Vater","profile_url":"https://adwmainz.academia.edu/ChristianVater?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29189080/8331699/99174502/s65_christian.vater.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11832437 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11832437"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11832437, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11832437", }); 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An universal Turing-Maschine has several interesting properties: It is (a) deterministic, (b) programmable, (c) self-changing, (d) very extensible and (e) it can be build as a mechanical aparatus. Is that enough to develop intelligent behavior? To properly understand this question, this masterthesis (1) reconstructs the developement of the concept of the Turing-Machine against the background of the history of mathematics and its philosophical implications and (2) follows Alan M. Turings thoughts about the de-limitation of actual versions of Turing-Machines. It is explored which limits of his machines Turing did see and if any of these limits are supposed to be neccesary (in the sense of: not historically contingent). As a result the starting question can be rephrased: \"Is there something that we should attribute to a human beeing, but that we cannot attribute to a Turing-Machine?\".\r\n An introduction sums up the discourse about the relevance of the Turing-Test for the history of philosophy, especially in Germany. Chapter 5 collects some open questions about (a) the possible range of variation of embodiment of a Turing-Machine, (b) the relevance of Turings biography for Turings work and (c) the relevance of poetic narratives (like science fiction) for the developement of state-of-the-art technology. \r\nIn Chapters 6 an annotated history of Turing-Editions (and german translations) and scientific anthologies about the Turing-Test is given. Chaper 7 contains a useful bibliography.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37235101,"asset_id":11832437,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29189080,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Vater","domain_name":"adwmainz","page_name":"ChristianVater","display_name":"Christian Vater","profile_url":"https://adwmainz.academia.edu/ChristianVater?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29189080/8331699/99174502/s65_christian.vater.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":74262,"name":"Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":349061,"name":"Turing 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Fold","created_at":"2014-08-06T00:24:26.333-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7892091/Gender_in_the_Cybernetic_Fold?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_7892091","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34377932,"asset_id":7892091,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":239405,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Dexter","domain_name":"brooklyn-cuny","page_name":"ScottDexter","display_name":"Scott Dexter","profile_url":"https://brooklyn-cuny.academia.edu/ScottDexter?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/239405/2748621/3202826/s65_scott.dexter.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4181,"name":"Cybernetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cybernetics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":7024,"name":"Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":8694,"name":"Science Fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_Fiction?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":104853,"name":"Hormones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hormones?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44511105" data-work_id="44511105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44511105/_Le_macchine_possono_pensare_le_risposte_di_Alan_Turing_e_John_R_Searle">“Le macchine possono pensare?”: le risposte di Alan Turing e John R. Searle</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La Filosofia e l'Intelligenza Artificiale sono due discipline che, nel corso del tempo, hanno interagito e si sono impegnate in un dialogo fruttuoso: è innegabile, ad esempio, che l'IA abbia plasmato il modo in cui i filosofi concepiscono... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44511105" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La Filosofia e l'Intelligenza Artificiale sono due discipline che, nel corso del tempo, hanno interagito e si sono impegnate in un dialogo fruttuoso: è innegabile, ad esempio, che l'IA abbia plasmato il modo in cui i filosofi concepiscono la mente umana e, viceversa, le diverse concezioni della mente hanno avuto un impatto in merito alla ricerca nel campo dell'IA. Siffatte interazioni hanno avuto luogo in quanto gli obiettivi che l'IA si pone l'hanno resa una disciplina di notevole interesse per molti filosofi. <br /> <br />A tal proposito, in quest'elaborato verranno analizzati due esperimenti mentali molto famosi, cioè il "Turing Test" ed il "Chinese Room Argument", formulati rispettivamente da Alan Turing e John R. Searle. Entrambe queste prove mirano a rispondere, in maniera più o meno diretta, all'interrogativo "Le macchine possono pensare?": Turing afferma di essere molto fiducioso, mentre Searle si dichiara assai scettico a riguardo. <br /> <br />Tale domanda non è ovviamente stata dibattuta solo da Turing e Searle, poiché ha dato vita ad una smisurata molteplicità di rivoli interpretativi: esistono infatti approcci anche radicalmente differenti alla disciplina dell'IA. Tramite questo paper non si ambisce ad una trattazione approfondita e rigorosa della domanda poc'anzi citata e neppure di tutti gli interrogativi suscitati dai testi presi in esame. Purtuttavia, l'elaborato mira a fornire alcuni spunti di riflessione limitatamente ad alcuni aspetti relativi all'intelligenza artificiale e alle implicazioni più immediate dei due esperimenti mentali che son stati esaminati.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44511105" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="450b8a02cf8db15e564a178eace428bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64951058,"asset_id":44511105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64951058/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42815556" href="https://unipr.academia.edu/FilippoCerantola">Filippo Cerantola</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42815556" type="text/json">{"id":42815556,"first_name":"Filippo","last_name":"Cerantola","domain_name":"unipr","page_name":"FilippoCerantola","display_name":"Filippo Cerantola","profile_url":"https://unipr.academia.edu/FilippoCerantola?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42815556/11499338/125882681/s65_filippo.cerantola.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44511105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44511105"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44511105, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44511105", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44511105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44511105; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44511105"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44511105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44511105"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44511105; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44511105]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44511105").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44511105").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44511105"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="806" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind">Philosophy of Mind</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="806" type="text/json">{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26165" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_R._Searle">John R. Searle</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26165" type="text/json">{"id":26165,"name":"John R. Searle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_R._Searle?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49800" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing">Alan Turing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49800" type="text/json">{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44511105]'), work: {"id":44511105,"title":"“Le macchine possono pensare?”: le risposte di Alan Turing e John R. 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Entrambe queste prove mirano a rispondere, in maniera più o meno diretta, all'interrogativo \"Le macchine possono pensare?\": Turing afferma di essere molto fiducioso, mentre Searle si dichiara assai scettico a riguardo.\r\n\r\nTale domanda non è ovviamente stata dibattuta solo da Turing e Searle, poiché ha dato vita ad una smisurata molteplicità di rivoli interpretativi: esistono infatti approcci anche radicalmente differenti alla disciplina dell'IA. Tramite questo paper non si ambisce ad una trattazione approfondita e rigorosa della domanda poc'anzi citata e neppure di tutti gli interrogativi suscitati dai testi presi in esame. Purtuttavia, l'elaborato mira a fornire alcuni spunti di riflessione limitatamente ad alcuni aspetti relativi all'intelligenza artificiale e alle implicazioni più immediate dei due esperimenti mentali che son stati esaminati.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64951058,"asset_id":44511105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42815556,"first_name":"Filippo","last_name":"Cerantola","domain_name":"unipr","page_name":"FilippoCerantola","display_name":"Filippo Cerantola","profile_url":"https://unipr.academia.edu/FilippoCerantola?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42815556/11499338/125882681/s65_filippo.cerantola.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":26165,"name":"John R. Searle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_R._Searle?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":221808,"name":"Filosofia Della Mente","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filosofia_Della_Mente?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1235104,"name":"Chinese Room Argument","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Room_Argument?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37617584" data-work_id="37617584" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37617584/Menschliche_und_k%C3%BCnstliche_Intelligenz_Der_kleine_Unterschied">Menschliche und künstliche Intelligenz. Der kleine Unterschied</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dass es mit uns zu Ende geht, ist eine inzwischen ja schon fast als üblich zu bezeichnende Perspektive, die uns eröffnet wird, wenn in Büchern über die Zukunftsaussichten der Menschheit geschrieben wird und dabei auch die Rolle von... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37617584" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dass es mit uns zu Ende geht, ist eine inzwischen ja schon fast als üblich zu bezeichnende Perspektive, die uns eröffnet wird, wenn in Büchern über die Zukunftsaussichten der Menschheit geschrieben wird und dabei auch die Rolle von Naturwissenschaft und Technik zur Sprache kommt. Ganz auf der Höhe der Zeit also verkündet auch die „Künstliche Intelligenz“ das Ende des Menschen. Aber anders, als wir es inzwischen gewohnt sind, geht es einmal nicht um so erschreckende Perspektiven wie den drohenden atomaren oder ökologischen Suizid der Menschheit. Das Ende des Menschen ist nah – doch nicht als definitiver Triumph des Bösen und der Unvernunft, sondern als glorioser Aufgang eines neuen, goldenen Zeitalters der Selbstüberbietung menschlicher Vernunft.<br />Was uns – z.B. nach Ansicht des renommierten Robotik-Forschers Hans Moravec – bevorsteht, ist der Übergang von der biologischen zur „postbiologischen“ Kultur, nämlich vom mäßig intelligenten Menschen zum superintelligenten Computer. „Unsere Kultur beruht noch entscheidend auf der biologischen Spezies des Homo sapiens, doch mit jedem Jahr gewinnen unsere Maschinen, ein wichtiges Produkt dieser Kultur, größere Bedeutung für ihre Entwicklung und Erweiterung. Früher oder später werden unsere Maschinen so klug sein, dass sie sich ohne fremde Hilfe instandhalten, reproduzieren und vervollkommnen können. Sobald dies der Fall ist, wird die neue genetische Wachablösung abgeschlossen sein. Unsere Kultur wird dann in der Lage sein, sich unabhängig von der menschlichen Biologie und ihren Grenzen zu entwickeln und wird statt dessen direkt von einer Maschinengeneration auf die nächste, noch leistungsfähigere, noch intelligentere übergehen“ (Moravec, 1990, S. 12f.). Damit werde der Geist endgültig die Fessel des biologischen Körpers abgestreift haben, der uns doch nur das Dasein eines „unglücklichen Zwitterwesens, halb Biologie, halb Kultur“ erlaube und dessen Pflege und Aufzucht (Moravec weist uns hin auf die schreckliche Mühe, die es macht, Kinder großzuziehen) Zeit und Energie kosten, die weitaus wertvolleren Aufgaben gewidmet werden könnten (S. 13).<br />Es gibt ein Leben nach dem Tode; Unsterblichkeit winkt: „Es fällt nicht schwer, sich menschliches Denken frei von der Bindung an einen sterblichen Körper vorzustellen – schließlich glauben viele Menschen an ein Leben nach dem Tode“ (S. 13). Dieser Glaube wird nun noch leichter. Denn religiöse Spekulation wird überflüssig. „Computer liefern ein Modell [für das „Leben nach dem Tode“], mit dem auch der überzeugteste Anhänger mechanistischen Den- kens etwas anfangen kann“ (S. 14).<br />In ganz ähnlichen Träumen von Unsterblichkeit schwelgt Marvin Minsky, auch nicht gerade ein Unbekannter im Lager der „Künstlichen Intelligenz“: „Eines Tages, wenn wir wissen, wie der Verstand arbeitet, werden wir begreifen, dass es nicht notwendig ist, krank zu sein oder im Alter das Gedächtnis zu verlieren oder zu sterben. Man kann dann alle Elemente einer Persönlichkeit in einen anderen Körper, einen Maschinenkörper, verpflanzen, der erhalten wird und kontinuierlich wächst, so dass wir nicht auf ewig mit unseren Begrenzungen leben müssen.“ (Minsky, zitiert bei Ebbinghaus, 1989, S. 38)<br />Dies sind zwar nur zwei – wenn auch bemerkenswerte – Stimmen aus dem Lager der Wissenschaftsbranche, die sich „Künstliche Intelligenz“ (KI) nennt. Und die meisten KI-Forscher würden sich wohl heftig dagegen verwahren, ihre Arbeit mit solchen Spekulationen in Zusammenhang gebracht zu sehen. Dennoch ist es gerade solch visionärer Touch, der die<br />Disziplin nicht nur ihren Namen, sondern auch jenes „Flair von Zukunft“ (Haugeland, 1987, S. 217) und ihre Aura verdankt, die absolute Spitze und den Inbegriff des möglichen technischen Fortschritts zu verkörpern.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37617584" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a3f98480b9fa90dde131b912beed1212" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57600562,"asset_id":37617584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57600562/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66076320" href="https://tudarmstadt.academia.edu/WernerSesink">Werner Sesink</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66076320" type="text/json">{"id":66076320,"first_name":"Werner","last_name":"Sesink","domain_name":"tudarmstadt","page_name":"WernerSesink","display_name":"Werner Sesink","profile_url":"https://tudarmstadt.academia.edu/WernerSesink?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66076320/20739558/20306335/s65_werner.sesink.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37617584 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37617584"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37617584, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37617584", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37617584]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37617584").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37617584").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37617584"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="933" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Media">New Media</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="933" type="text/json">{"id":933,"name":"New Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Media?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58238" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medienpadagogik">Medienpädagogik</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="58238" type="text/json">{"id":58238,"name":"Medienpädagogik","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medienpadagogik?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37617584]'), work: {"id":37617584,"title":"Menschliche und künstliche Intelligenz. Der kleine Unterschied","created_at":"2018-10-20T11:23:00.858-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37617584/Menschliche_und_k%C3%BCnstliche_Intelligenz_Der_kleine_Unterschied?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_37617584","summary":"Dass es mit uns zu Ende geht, ist eine inzwischen ja schon fast als üblich zu bezeichnende Perspektive, die uns eröffnet wird, wenn in Büchern über die Zukunftsaussichten der Menschheit geschrieben wird und dabei auch die Rolle von Naturwissenschaft und Technik zur Sprache kommt. Ganz auf der Höhe der Zeit also verkündet auch die „Künstliche Intelligenz“ das Ende des Menschen. Aber anders, als wir es inzwischen gewohnt sind, geht es einmal nicht um so erschreckende Perspektiven wie den drohenden atomaren oder ökologischen Suizid der Menschheit. Das Ende des Menschen ist nah – doch nicht als definitiver Triumph des Bösen und der Unvernunft, sondern als glorioser Aufgang eines neuen, goldenen Zeitalters der Selbstüberbietung menschlicher Vernunft.\nWas uns – z.B. nach Ansicht des renommierten Robotik-Forschers Hans Moravec – bevorsteht, ist der Übergang von der biologischen zur „postbiologischen“ Kultur, nämlich vom mäßig intelligenten Menschen zum superintelligenten Computer. „Unsere Kultur beruht noch entscheidend auf der biologischen Spezies des Homo sapiens, doch mit jedem Jahr gewinnen unsere Maschinen, ein wichtiges Produkt dieser Kultur, größere Bedeutung für ihre Entwicklung und Erweiterung. Früher oder später werden unsere Maschinen so klug sein, dass sie sich ohne fremde Hilfe instandhalten, reproduzieren und vervollkommnen können. Sobald dies der Fall ist, wird die neue genetische Wachablösung abgeschlossen sein. Unsere Kultur wird dann in der Lage sein, sich unabhängig von der menschlichen Biologie und ihren Grenzen zu entwickeln und wird statt dessen direkt von einer Maschinengeneration auf die nächste, noch leistungsfähigere, noch intelligentere übergehen“ (Moravec, 1990, S. 12f.). Damit werde der Geist endgültig die Fessel des biologischen Körpers abgestreift haben, der uns doch nur das Dasein eines „unglücklichen Zwitterwesens, halb Biologie, halb Kultur“ erlaube und dessen Pflege und Aufzucht (Moravec weist uns hin auf die schreckliche Mühe, die es macht, Kinder großzuziehen) Zeit und Energie kosten, die weitaus wertvolleren Aufgaben gewidmet werden könnten (S. 13).\nEs gibt ein Leben nach dem Tode; Unsterblichkeit winkt: „Es fällt nicht schwer, sich menschliches Denken frei von der Bindung an einen sterblichen Körper vorzustellen – schließlich glauben viele Menschen an ein Leben nach dem Tode“ (S. 13). Dieser Glaube wird nun noch leichter. Denn religiöse Spekulation wird überflüssig. „Computer liefern ein Modell [für das „Leben nach dem Tode“], mit dem auch der überzeugteste Anhänger mechanistischen Den- kens etwas anfangen kann“ (S. 14).\nIn ganz ähnlichen Träumen von Unsterblichkeit schwelgt Marvin Minsky, auch nicht gerade ein Unbekannter im Lager der „Künstlichen Intelligenz“: „Eines Tages, wenn wir wissen, wie der Verstand arbeitet, werden wir begreifen, dass es nicht notwendig ist, krank zu sein oder im Alter das Gedächtnis zu verlieren oder zu sterben. Man kann dann alle Elemente einer Persönlichkeit in einen anderen Körper, einen Maschinenkörper, verpflanzen, der erhalten wird und kontinuierlich wächst, so dass wir nicht auf ewig mit unseren Begrenzungen leben müssen.“ (Minsky, zitiert bei Ebbinghaus, 1989, S. 38)\nDies sind zwar nur zwei – wenn auch bemerkenswerte – Stimmen aus dem Lager der Wissenschaftsbranche, die sich „Künstliche Intelligenz“ (KI) nennt. Und die meisten KI-Forscher würden sich wohl heftig dagegen verwahren, ihre Arbeit mit solchen Spekulationen in Zusammenhang gebracht zu sehen. Dennoch ist es gerade solch visionärer Touch, der die\nDisziplin nicht nur ihren Namen, sondern auch jenes „Flair von Zukunft“ (Haugeland, 1987, S. 217) und ihre Aura verdankt, die absolute Spitze und den Inbegriff des möglichen technischen Fortschritts zu verkörpern.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57600562,"asset_id":37617584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66076320,"first_name":"Werner","last_name":"Sesink","domain_name":"tudarmstadt","page_name":"WernerSesink","display_name":"Werner Sesink","profile_url":"https://tudarmstadt.academia.edu/WernerSesink?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66076320/20739558/20306335/s65_werner.sesink.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":933,"name":"New Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Media?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":58238,"name":"Medienpädagogik","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medienpadagogik?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":58700,"name":"Neue Medien","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neue_Medien?f_ri=56687"},{"id":553366,"name":"Bildungstheorie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bildungstheorie?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1913525,"name":"Künstliche Intelligenz","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/K%C3%BCnstliche_Intelligenz?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7842485" data-work_id="7842485" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7842485/Historia_y_Epistemolog%C3%ADa_de_los_Sistemas_Adaptativos_Complejos_History_and_Epistemology_of_Complex_Adaptative_Systems">Historia y Epistemología de los Sistemas Adaptativos Complejos. History and Epistemology of Complex Adaptative Systems</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7842485" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="29b1909a5b8a28b881fc421f2bdd4d9c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34339612,"asset_id":7842485,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34339612/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14585623" href="https://cordoba.academia.edu/MarzioPantalone">Marzio Pantalone</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14585623" type="text/json">{"id":14585623,"first_name":"Marzio","last_name":"Pantalone","domain_name":"cordoba","page_name":"MarzioPantalone","display_name":"Marzio Pantalone","profile_url":"https://cordoba.academia.edu/MarzioPantalone?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14585623/3997731/4669172/s65_marzio.pantalone.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7842485 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7842485"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7842485, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7842485", }); 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Da Leibniz ai robot</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dissertazione di laurea triennale che ha come obiettivo di presentare la genesi del pensiero sull'intelligenza artificiale a partire dalle intuizioni di Leibniz fino alle applicazioni contemporanee nella robotica. Ci si è soffermati su i... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11294139" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dissertazione di laurea triennale che ha come obiettivo di presentare la genesi del pensiero sull'intelligenza artificiale a partire dalle intuizioni di Leibniz fino alle applicazioni contemporanee nella robotica.<br />Ci si è soffermati su i due punti di vista fondamentali di questo ambito di ricerca, ovvero il Test di Turing e la sua critica portata avanti da Searle. Infine si è proposta una "terza via", a partire dalle riflessioni di Giuseppe O. Longo, in cui si rilegge in chiave monista la teoria dell'intelligenza artificiale e confronta con le nuove intelligenze robotiche.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11294139" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="420d2eae0f8164f868733eb7c9156864" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36871771,"asset_id":11294139,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36871771/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27003315" href="https://unipa.academia.edu/MicheleScarpinato">Michele Scarpinato</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27003315" type="text/json">{"id":27003315,"first_name":"Michele","last_name":"Scarpinato","domain_name":"unipa","page_name":"MicheleScarpinato","display_name":"Michele Scarpinato","profile_url":"https://unipa.academia.edu/MicheleScarpinato?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27003315/7585316/8515315/s65_michele.scarpinato.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11294139 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11294139"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11294139, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11294139", }); 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Da Leibniz ai robot","created_at":"2015-03-05T12:14:39.664-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11294139/Intelligenza_Artificiale_Da_Leibniz_ai_robot?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_11294139","summary":"Dissertazione di laurea triennale che ha come obiettivo di presentare la genesi del pensiero sull'intelligenza artificiale a partire dalle intuizioni di Leibniz fino alle applicazioni contemporanee nella robotica.\nCi si è soffermati su i due punti di vista fondamentali di questo ambito di ricerca, ovvero il Test di Turing e la sua critica portata avanti da Searle. Infine si è proposta una \"terza via\", a partire dalle riflessioni di Giuseppe O. 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Searle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_R._Searle?f_ri=56687"},{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14144403" data-work_id="14144403" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14144403/74_EX_MACHINA_Y_EL_TEST_DE_TURING_HOMBRES_Y_M%C3%81QUINAS">74. EX MACHINA Y EL TEST DE TURING: HOMBRES Y MÁQUINAS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Análisis y comentarios de la película EX MACHINA: el curioso límite entre los seres humanos y las creaciones humanas, entre la inteligencia y la conciencia de unos y de otros. Y la posibilidad de encontrar un nuevo paraíso terrenal en el... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14144403" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Análisis y comentarios de la película EX MACHINA: el curioso límite entre los seres humanos y las creaciones humanas, entre la inteligencia y la conciencia de unos y de otros. Y la posibilidad de encontrar un nuevo paraíso terrenal en el que jueguen DIOSES, HOMBRES Y ANDROIDES.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14144403" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="875c41dbb02a2c8b0d194891b27189cb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38214994,"asset_id":14144403,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38214994/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4699272" href="https://marilu1727.academia.edu/JorgeEduardoNoro">Jorge Eduardo Noro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4699272" type="text/json">{"id":4699272,"first_name":"Jorge Eduardo","last_name":"Noro","domain_name":"marilu1727","page_name":"JorgeEduardoNoro","display_name":"Jorge Eduardo Noro","profile_url":"https://marilu1727.academia.edu/JorgeEduardoNoro?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4699272/1981295/23713780/s65_jorge_eduardo.noro.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14144403 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14144403"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14144403, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14144403", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14144403]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14144403").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14144403").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14144403"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="141502" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inteligencia_artificial-1">Inteligencia artificial</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="141502" type="text/json">{"id":141502,"name":"Inteligencia artificial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inteligencia_artificial-1?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="349061" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine">Turing machine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="349061" type="text/json">{"id":349061,"name":"Turing machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1489534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deus_ex_machina">Deus ex machina</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1489534" type="text/json">{"id":1489534,"name":"Deus ex machina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deus_ex_machina?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14144403]'), work: {"id":14144403,"title":"74. EX MACHINA Y EL TEST DE TURING: HOMBRES Y MÁQUINAS","created_at":"2015-07-17T03:43:18.080-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14144403/74_EX_MACHINA_Y_EL_TEST_DE_TURING_HOMBRES_Y_M%C3%81QUINAS?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_14144403","summary":"Análisis y comentarios de la película EX MACHINA: el curioso límite entre los seres humanos y las creaciones humanas, entre la inteligencia y la conciencia de unos y de otros. Y la posibilidad de encontrar un nuevo paraíso terrenal en el que jueguen DIOSES, HOMBRES Y ANDROIDES.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38214994,"asset_id":14144403,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":38424955,"asset_id":14144403,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":38315143,"asset_id":14144403,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4699272,"first_name":"Jorge Eduardo","last_name":"Noro","domain_name":"marilu1727","page_name":"JorgeEduardoNoro","display_name":"Jorge Eduardo Noro","profile_url":"https://marilu1727.academia.edu/JorgeEduardoNoro?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4699272/1981295/23713780/s65_jorge_eduardo.noro.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":141502,"name":"Inteligencia artificial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inteligencia_artificial-1?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":349061,"name":"Turing machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":1489534,"name":"Deus ex machina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deus_ex_machina?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":1767714,"name":"Androides y Humanoides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Androides_y_Humanoides?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15362744" data-work_id="15362744" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15362744/LEredit%C3%A0_di_Alan_Turing_50_Anni_di_Intelligenza_Artificiale">L'Eredità di Alan Turing. 50 Anni di Intelligenza Artificiale</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15362744" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="418fd2eee1f9f255c00a9b5e4e1df849" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38656438,"asset_id":15362744,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38656438/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="375944" href="https://unsw.academia.edu/MassimilianoCappuccio">Massimiliano L Cappuccio</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="375944" type="text/json">{"id":375944,"first_name":"Massimiliano","last_name":"Cappuccio","domain_name":"unsw","page_name":"MassimilianoCappuccio","display_name":"Massimiliano L Cappuccio","profile_url":"https://unsw.academia.edu/MassimilianoCappuccio?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/375944/116197/169667/s65_massimiliano.cappuccio.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15362744 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15362744"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15362744, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15362744", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15362744 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15362744; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15362744"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15362744 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15362744"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15362744; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15362744]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15362744").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15362744").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15362744"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="806" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind">Philosophy of Mind</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="806" type="text/json">{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="924" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Logic">Logic</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="924" type="text/json">{"id":924,"name":"Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Logic?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15362744]'), work: {"id":15362744,"title":"L'Eredità di Alan Turing. 50 Anni di Intelligenza Artificiale","created_at":"2015-09-03T06:08:28.046-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15362744/LEredit%C3%A0_di_Alan_Turing_50_Anni_di_Intelligenza_Artificiale?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_15362744","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38656438,"asset_id":15362744,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":375944,"first_name":"Massimiliano","last_name":"Cappuccio","domain_name":"unsw","page_name":"MassimilianoCappuccio","display_name":"Massimiliano L Cappuccio","profile_url":"https://unsw.academia.edu/MassimilianoCappuccio?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/375944/116197/169667/s65_massimiliano.cappuccio.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":924,"name":"Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Logic?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2376,"name":"Computational Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Mechanics?f_ri=56687"},{"id":13279,"name":"Philosophy of Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Logic?f_ri=56687"},{"id":15180,"name":"Philosophy of Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687"},{"id":17442,"name":"Mathematical Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Logic?f_ri=56687"},{"id":24124,"name":"Morphogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphogenesis?f_ri=56687"},{"id":27305,"name":"Computational Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Mathematics?f_ri=56687"},{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687"},{"id":53657,"name":"Computational Theory of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Theory_of_Mind?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":60280,"name":"Computationalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computationalism?f_ri=56687"},{"id":74262,"name":"Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687"},{"id":251934,"name":"Philosophy of Biological and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Biological_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=56687"},{"id":349061,"name":"Turing machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine?f_ri=56687"},{"id":725031,"name":"History and Philosophy of Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_and_Philosophy_of_Logic?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1832587,"name":"Alan Turing Mathematician","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing_Mathematician?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_474617" data-work_id="474617" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/474617/Turing_s_misunderstood_imitation_game_and_IBM_s_Watson_success">Turing’s misunderstood imitation game and IBM’s Watson success.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract: At the heart of Turing’s 1950 imitation game is the question-answer test to assess whether a machine can respond with satisfactory and sustained answers to unrestricted questions. In 1966, Weizenbaum’s Eliza system made it... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_474617" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract: At the heart of Turing’s 1950 imitation game is the question-answer test to assess whether a machine can respond with satisfactory and sustained answers to unrestricted questions. In 1966, Weizenbaum’s Eliza system made it possible for a human and a machine to communicate via text in question and answer sessions. Forty five year later in 2011, IBM Watson achieved remarkable success winning an unrestricted question-answer exhibition match competing against humans in Jeopardy! a US TV quiz show. Is it now time to scale up to Harnad’s Total Turing Test combining natural language with robot audio and vision engineering?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/474617" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="575026848f6ee3765072379eb07e389e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":12576969,"asset_id":474617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/12576969/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="140932" href="https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah">Huma Shah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="140932" type="text/json">{"id":140932,"first_name":"Huma","last_name":"Shah","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"HumaShah","display_name":"Huma Shah","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140932/37373/34329/s65_huma.shah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_474617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="474617"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 474617, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_474617", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_474617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 474617; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_474617"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_474617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="474617"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 474617; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=474617]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_474617").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_474617").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="474617"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5175" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialogue">Dialogue</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5175" type="text/json">{"id":5175,"name":"Dialogue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialogue?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=474617]'), work: {"id":474617,"title":"Turing’s misunderstood imitation game and IBM’s Watson success.","created_at":"2011-03-14T06:50:07.489-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/474617/Turing_s_misunderstood_imitation_game_and_IBM_s_Watson_success?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_474617","summary":"Abstract: At the heart of Turing’s 1950 imitation game is the question-answer test to assess whether a machine can respond with satisfactory and sustained answers to unrestricted questions. In 1966, Weizenbaum’s Eliza system made it possible for a human and a machine to communicate via text in question and answer sessions. Forty five year later in 2011, IBM Watson achieved remarkable success winning an unrestricted question-answer exhibition match competing against humans in Jeopardy! a US TV quiz show. Is it now time to scale up to Harnad’s Total Turing Test combining natural language with robot audio and vision engineering?","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":12576969,"asset_id":474617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":140932,"first_name":"Huma","last_name":"Shah","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"HumaShah","display_name":"Huma Shah","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140932/37373/34329/s65_huma.shah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":5175,"name":"Dialogue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialogue?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":23748,"name":"Question Answering (Information Retrieval)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Question_Answering_Information_Retrieval_?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":100936,"name":"Imitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imitation?f_ri=56687"},{"id":105744,"name":"IBM Watson","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IBM_Watson?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44454976" data-work_id="44454976" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44454976/GPT_3_Its_Nature_Scope_Limits_and_Consequences">GPT-3: Its Nature, Scope, Limits, and Consequences</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this commentary, we discuss the nature of reversible and irreversible questions, that is, questions that may enable one to identify the nature of the source of their answers. We then introduce GPT-3, a third-generation, autoregressive... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44454976" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this commentary, we discuss the nature of reversible and irreversible questions, that is, questions that may enable one to identify the nature of the source of their answers. We then introduce GPT-3, a third-generation, autoregressive language model that uses deep learning to produce human-like texts, and use the previous distinction to analyse it. We expand the analysis to present three tests based on mathematical, semantic (that is, the Turing Test), and ethical questions and show that GPT-3 is not designed to pass any of them. This is a reminder that GPT-3 does not do what it is not supposed to do, and that any interpretation of GPT-3 as the beginning of the emergence of a general form of artificial intelligence is merely uninformed science fiction. We conclude by outlining some of the significant consequences of the industrialisation of automatic and cheap production of good, semantic artefacts.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44454976" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cdc4d68eebe5b5e8183c742ef4a4edc0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64878326,"asset_id":44454976,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64878326/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5303198" href="https://luiss.academia.edu/MassimoChiriatti">Massimo Chiriatti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5303198" type="text/json">{"id":5303198,"first_name":"Massimo","last_name":"Chiriatti","domain_name":"luiss","page_name":"MassimoChiriatti","display_name":"Massimo Chiriatti","profile_url":"https://luiss.academia.edu/MassimoChiriatti?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5303198/2331083/2718868/s65_massimo.chiriatti.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44454976 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44454976"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44454976, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44454976", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44454976 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44454976; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44454976"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44454976 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44454976"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44454976; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44454976]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44454976").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44454976").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44454976"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2349" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semantics">Semantics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2349" type="text/json">{"id":2349,"name":"Semantics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semantics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="66379" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automation">Automation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="66379" type="text/json">{"id":66379,"name":"Automation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automation?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44454976]'), work: {"id":44454976,"title":"GPT-3: Its Nature, Scope, Limits, and Consequences","created_at":"2020-11-08T01:34:08.509-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44454976/GPT_3_Its_Nature_Scope_Limits_and_Consequences?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_44454976","summary":"In this commentary, we discuss the nature of reversible and irreversible questions, that is, questions that may enable one to identify the nature of the source of their answers. We then introduce GPT-3, a third-generation, autoregressive language model that uses deep learning to produce human-like texts, and use the previous distinction to analyse it. We expand the analysis to present three tests based on mathematical, semantic (that is, the Turing Test), and ethical questions and show that GPT-3 is not designed to pass any of them. This is a reminder that GPT-3 does not do what it is not supposed to do, and that any interpretation of GPT-3 as the beginning of the emergence of a general form of artificial intelligence is merely uninformed science fiction. We conclude by outlining some of the significant consequences of the industrialisation of automatic and cheap production of good, semantic artefacts.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64878326,"asset_id":44454976,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5303198,"first_name":"Massimo","last_name":"Chiriatti","domain_name":"luiss","page_name":"MassimoChiriatti","display_name":"Massimo Chiriatti","profile_url":"https://luiss.academia.edu/MassimoChiriatti?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5303198/2331083/2718868/s65_massimo.chiriatti.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2349,"name":"Semantics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semantics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":66379,"name":"Automation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automation?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":289488,"name":"Irreversibility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irreversibility?f_ri=56687"},{"id":3717622,"name":"GPT-3","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GPT-3?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35348586" data-work_id="35348586" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35348586/Consciousness_and_the_Philosophy_of_Signs_How_Peircean_Semiotics_Combines_Phenomenal_Qualia_and_Practical_Effects">Consciousness and the Philosophy of Signs: How Peircean Semiotics Combines Phenomenal Qualia and Practical Effects</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">It is often thought that consciousness has a qualitative dimension that cannot be tracked by science. Recently, however, some philosophers have argued that this worry stems not from an elusive feature of the mind, but from the special... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35348586" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">It is often thought that consciousness has a qualitative dimension that cannot be tracked by science. Recently, however, some philosophers have argued that this worry stems not from an elusive feature of the mind, but from the special nature of the concepts used to describe conscious states. Marc Champagne draws on the neglected branch of philosophy of signs or semiotics to develop a new take on this strategy.  <br /><br />The term “semiotics” was introduced by John Locke in the modern period – its etymology is ancient Greek, and its theoretical underpinnings are medieval. Charles Sanders Peirce made major advances in semiotics, so he can act as a pipeline for these forgotten ideas. Most philosophers know Peirce as the founder of American pragmatism, but few know that he also coined the term “qualia,” which is meant to capture the intrinsic feel of an experience. Since pragmatic verification and qualia are now seen as conflicting commitments, Champagne endeavors to understand how Peirce could (or thought he could) have it both ways. The key, he suggests, is to understand how humans can insert distinctions between features that are always bound.<br /><br />Recent attempts to take qualities seriously have resulted in versions of panpsychism, but Champagne outlines a more plausible way to achieve this. So, while semiotics has until now been the least known branch of philosophy ending in –ics, his book shows how a better understanding of that branch can move one of the liveliest debates in philosophy forward.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35348586" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e12c8f3e5507073c7e4d5564437ab0b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82400309,"asset_id":35348586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82400309/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="90594" href="https://kwantlen.academia.edu/MarcChampagne">Marc Champagne</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="90594" type="text/json">{"id":90594,"first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Champagne","domain_name":"kwantlen","page_name":"MarcChampagne","display_name":"Marc Champagne","profile_url":"https://kwantlen.academia.edu/MarcChampagne?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/90594/25175/116736640/s65_marc.champagne.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35348586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35348586"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35348586, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35348586", }); 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Recently, however, some philosophers have argued that this worry stems not from an elusive feature of the mind, but from the special nature of the concepts used to describe conscious states. Marc Champagne draws on the neglected branch of philosophy of signs or semiotics to develop a new take on this strategy. \n\nThe term “semiotics” was introduced by John Locke in the modern period – its etymology is ancient Greek, and its theoretical underpinnings are medieval. Charles Sanders Peirce made major advances in semiotics, so he can act as a pipeline for these forgotten ideas. Most philosophers know Peirce as the founder of American pragmatism, but few know that he also coined the term “qualia,” which is meant to capture the intrinsic feel of an experience. Since pragmatic verification and qualia are now seen as conflicting commitments, Champagne endeavors to understand how Peirce could (or thought he could) have it both ways. The key, he suggests, is to understand how humans can insert distinctions between features that are always bound.\n\nRecent attempts to take qualities seriously have resulted in versions of panpsychism, but Champagne outlines a more plausible way to achieve this. So, while semiotics has until now been the least known branch of philosophy ending in –ics, his book shows how a better understanding of that branch can move one of the liveliest debates in philosophy forward.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82400309,"asset_id":35348586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":90594,"first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Champagne","domain_name":"kwantlen","page_name":"MarcChampagne","display_name":"Marc Champagne","profile_url":"https://kwantlen.academia.edu/MarcChampagne?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/90594/25175/116736640/s65_marc.champagne.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":37,"name":"Information 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artificial... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28374350" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Based on Shah's PhD 'Deception-detection and Machine Intelligence in Practical Turing tests' and follow up experiments, the book introduces and explores Turing's Imitation Game (Turing Test,) which gave rise to the science of artificial intelligence. Involving an interrogator conversing with hidden identities, one human and one machine, the test strikes at the heart of any questions about the capacity of machines to behave as humans. The book offers an up-to-date assessment of Turing's Imitation Game, its history, context and implications, all illustrated with practical Turing tests. The contemporary relevance of this topic and the strong emphasis on example transcripts makes this book an ideal companion for undergraduate courses in artificial intelligence, engineering, psychology, linguistics, philosophy and more. 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Involving an interrogator conversing with hidden identities, one human and one machine, the test strikes at the heart of any questions about the capacity of machines to behave as humans. The book offers an up-to-date assessment of Turing's Imitation Game, its history, context and implications, all illustrated with practical Turing tests. The contemporary relevance of this topic and the strong emphasis on example transcripts makes this book an ideal companion for undergraduate courses in artificial intelligence, engineering, psychology, linguistics, philosophy and more. Available from Cambridge University Press:","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48835558,"asset_id":28374350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":48708125,"asset_id":28374350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":140932,"first_name":"Huma","last_name":"Shah","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"HumaShah","display_name":"Huma Shah","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140932/37373/34329/s65_huma.shah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":300,"name":"Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":472,"name":"Human Computer 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InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="140932" href="https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah">Huma Shah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="140932" type="text/json">{"id":140932,"first_name":"Huma","last_name":"Shah","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"HumaShah","display_name":"Huma Shah","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140932/37373/34329/s65_huma.shah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_415888 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="415888"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 415888, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_415888", }); 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Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Intelligence?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":89751,"name":"Cybercrime","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cybercrime?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25807975" data-work_id="25807975" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25807975/Testing_Turing_How_a_true_reading_of_phenomenology_rejects_the_possibility_of_artificial_intelligence">Testing Turing: How a true reading of phenomenology rejects the possibility of artificial intelligence</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This is my dissertation that I submitted September 2014.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25807975" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c004c3f181b5e7fea773ca173eecefbc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46172276,"asset_id":25807975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25807975"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5178" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenomenology">Phenomenology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5178" type="text/json">{"id":5178,"name":"Phenomenology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenomenology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8436" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Edmund_Husserl">Edmund Husserl</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8436" type="text/json">{"id":8436,"name":"Edmund Husserl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Edmund_Husserl?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23487" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Husserl">Husserl</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23487" type="text/json">{"id":23487,"name":"Husserl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Husserl?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25807975]'), work: {"id":25807975,"title":"Testing Turing: How a true reading of phenomenology rejects the possibility of artificial 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","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46172276,"asset_id":25807975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36143972,"first_name":"Hannah","last_name":"Berry","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"HBerry","display_name":"Hannah Berry","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/HBerry?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36143972/13035881/14378378/s65_hannah.berry.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":5178,"name":"Phenomenology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenomenology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":8436,"name":"Edmund Husserl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Edmund_Husserl?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":23487,"name":"Husserl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Husserl?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":26193,"name":"Merleau-Ponty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Merleau-Ponty?f_ri=56687"},{"id":53186,"name":"Sartre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sartre?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":127581,"name":"Hubert Dreyfus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hubert_Dreyfus?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1006084,"name":"Turing Machines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Machines?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42823882" data-work_id="42823882" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42823882/Il_problema_filosofico_dellIA_Forte_e_le_prospettive_future">Il problema filosofico dell'IA Forte e le prospettive future</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Un quesito filosofico sul quale i transumanisti devono interrogarsi è quello che riguarda la plausibilità di un'Intelligenza Artificiale Forte. Come è noto questa espressione è stata introdotta nel dibattito scientifico dal filosofo... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42823882" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Un quesito filosofico sul quale i transumanisti devono interrogarsi è quello che riguarda la plausibilità di un'Intelligenza Artificiale Forte. Come è noto questa espressione è stata introdotta nel dibattito scientifico dal filosofo americano John Rogers Searle (1980) che ha distinto i programmi di ricerca dell'IA in base alla loro ambizione. Da una parte vi sono quei teorici che ritengono che le menti delle specie viventi siano simili al software che gira in un calcolatore – e quindi siano riproducibili meccanicamente seguendo gli stessi principi che guidano l'implementazione di un programma per calcolatore. Da un altro versante vi sono quegli scienziati cognitivi che abbracciano una visione più debole delle potenzialità dell'IA, ritenendo che l'ingegneria della conoscenza può essere utile per comprendere alcuni aspetti cognitivi delle menti biologiche senza per questo rappresentare una riproduzione delle facoltà pensanti. I primi teorici, stando a Searle, sostengono la tesi dell'IA forte, i secondi la tesi dell'IA debole . In questo articolo intendo esaminare tale problema filosofico da più angolazioni: da un lato mi interrogherò sulla natura degli stati e delle rappresentazioni mentali e sulla loro intenzionalità, dall'altro – prendendo inizialmente per buono il test di Turing che vuole che a una macchina parlante sia riconosciuta intelligenza – mi chiederò cosa vuol dire saper usare una lingua e mi interrogherò sulla natura dei significati delle parole. Solo chiariti questi aspetti è infatti possibile rispondere alla domanda finale dell'ancoraggio simbolico. Nella parte construens indicherò qual è a mio avviso il programma di ricerca più adatto per realizzare una mente artificiale. Questa analisi comporterà un'introduzione al dibattito delle "macchine pensanti", sebbene eviterò in questa sede di ripercorrere la sua storia a partire dagli albori 3 e mi concentrerò fin dal prossimo paragrafo sul momento che ritengo cruciale: l'ideazione della Macchina di Turing e il test di Turing.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42823882" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a43379198b0e0e04c47e53e7056450b9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63055626,"asset_id":42823882,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63055626/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44436278" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DomenicoDodaro">Domenico Dodaro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44436278" type="text/json">{"id":44436278,"first_name":"Domenico","last_name":"Dodaro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DomenicoDodaro","display_name":"Domenico Dodaro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DomenicoDodaro?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44436278/21545145/20905677/s65_domenico.dodaro.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42823882 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42823882"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42823882, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42823882", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42823882 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42823882; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42823882"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42823882 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42823882"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42823882; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42823882]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42823882").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42823882").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42823882"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19117" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Daniel_Dennett">Daniel Dennett</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19117" type="text/json">{"id":19117,"name":"Daniel Dennett","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Daniel_Dennett?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26165" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_R._Searle">John R. Searle</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26165" type="text/json">{"id":26165,"name":"John R. Searle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_R._Searle?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="110625" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligenza_Artificiale">Intelligenza Artificiale</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="110625" type="text/json">{"id":110625,"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligenza_Artificiale?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42823882]'), work: {"id":42823882,"title":"Il problema filosofico dell'IA Forte e le prospettive future","created_at":"2020-04-22T14:23:48.398-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42823882/Il_problema_filosofico_dellIA_Forte_e_le_prospettive_future?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_42823882","summary":"Un quesito filosofico sul quale i transumanisti devono interrogarsi è quello che riguarda la plausibilità di un'Intelligenza Artificiale Forte. Come è noto questa espressione è stata introdotta nel dibattito scientifico dal filosofo americano John Rogers Searle (1980) che ha distinto i programmi di ricerca dell'IA in base alla loro ambizione. Da una parte vi sono quei teorici che ritengono che le menti delle specie viventi siano simili al software che gira in un calcolatore – e quindi siano riproducibili meccanicamente seguendo gli stessi principi che guidano l'implementazione di un programma per calcolatore. Da un altro versante vi sono quegli scienziati cognitivi che abbracciano una visione più debole delle potenzialità dell'IA, ritenendo che l'ingegneria della conoscenza può essere utile per comprendere alcuni aspetti cognitivi delle menti biologiche senza per questo rappresentare una riproduzione delle facoltà pensanti. I primi teorici, stando a Searle, sostengono la tesi dell'IA forte, i secondi la tesi dell'IA debole . In questo articolo intendo esaminare tale problema filosofico da più angolazioni: da un lato mi interrogherò sulla natura degli stati e delle rappresentazioni mentali e sulla loro intenzionalità, dall'altro – prendendo inizialmente per buono il test di Turing che vuole che a una macchina parlante sia riconosciuta intelligenza – mi chiederò cosa vuol dire saper usare una lingua e mi interrogherò sulla natura dei significati delle parole. Solo chiariti questi aspetti è infatti possibile rispondere alla domanda finale dell'ancoraggio simbolico. Nella parte construens indicherò qual è a mio avviso il programma di ricerca più adatto per realizzare una mente artificiale. Questa analisi comporterà un'introduzione al dibattito delle \"macchine pensanti\", sebbene eviterò in questa sede di ripercorrere la sua storia a partire dagli albori 3 e mi concentrerò fin dal prossimo paragrafo sul momento che ritengo cruciale: l'ideazione della Macchina di Turing e il test di Turing.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63055626,"asset_id":42823882,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44436278,"first_name":"Domenico","last_name":"Dodaro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DomenicoDodaro","display_name":"Domenico Dodaro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DomenicoDodaro?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44436278/21545145/20905677/s65_domenico.dodaro.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19117,"name":"Daniel Dennett","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Daniel_Dennett?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":26165,"name":"John R. 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itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2284028" href="https://unive.academia.edu/MatteoPasquinelli">Matteo Pasquinelli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2284028" type="text/json">{"id":2284028,"first_name":"Matteo","last_name":"Pasquinelli","domain_name":"unive","page_name":"MatteoPasquinelli","display_name":"Matteo Pasquinelli","profile_url":"https://unive.academia.edu/MatteoPasquinelli?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2284028/725936/14379730/s65_matteo.pasquinelli.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28335333 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28335333"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28335333, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28335333", }); });</script></li><li 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Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2008" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning">Machine Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2008" type="text/json">{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4181" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cybernetics">Cybernetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4181" type="text/json">{"id":4181,"name":"Cybernetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cybernetics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_of_Mind">Theory of Mind</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4937" type="text/json">{"id":4937,"name":"Theory 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class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42260303/Nietzschean_Meditations_Untimely_Thoughts_at_the_Dawn_of_the_Transhuman_Era">Nietzschean Meditations: Untimely Thoughts at the Dawn of the Transhuman Era</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nietzschean Meditations takes its inspiration from the version of Nietzsche that was popular before the Second World War, which stressed the ‘Zarathustrian’ elements of his thought as the harbinger of a new sort of being – the Übermensch.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42260303" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nietzschean Meditations takes its inspiration from the version of<br />Nietzsche that was popular before the Second World War, which<br />stressed the ‘Zarathustrian’ elements of his thought as the harbinger<br />of a new sort of being – the Übermensch. The book updates<br />the image of this creature to present a version of ‘transhumanism’<br />that breaks with the more precautionary and pessimistic<br />approaches of humanity’s future in contemporary ‘posthumanist’<br />thought. Fuller follows Nietzsche in discussing deeply and frankly<br />the challenging the issues that face aspiring transhumanists.<br />They include their philosophical and especially theological roots,<br />the implications of transhumanism for matters of life and death,<br />and whether any traces of classical humanity will remain in the<br />‘transhuman’ being.<br /><br />Introduction: The path through Nietzsche to Transhumanism . . . . . 9<br />Chapter One: What is transhumanism? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27<br />1. Transhumanism as humanity’s cosmic lift-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27<br />2. Which way up for the human condition? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31<br />3. Who’s afraid of the human? Ecomodernism as energetic theology 36<br />4. Expanding the scope of the human in search of the divine . . . . . . 41<br />5. Back from Prometheus to Faust and Simon Magus:<br />The theological roots of transgression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44<br />6. The indefinite pursuit of reason for its own sake:<br />The philosophical roots of transgression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53<br />Chapter Two: The contours of transhumanist politics . . . . . . . . . . . . 65<br />1. Transhumanism as the fine art of occupying the extremes . . . . . . 65<br />2. Existential risk as the higher moral evasion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72<br />3. A peaceful but costly transhuman future? In search of the added<br />value of being human . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80<br />4. Morphological freedom and the quest for a responsible and<br />representative transhumanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90<br />5. Lessons for transhumanism from the difficult history of<br />‘human rights’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98<br />6. Ontological narcissism as a barrier to extending<br />the ‘Republic of Humanity’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107<br />7. From transgender to transhumanism: The path away from<br />Haraway’s ‘Cyborg Manifesto’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112<br />8. The rocky road from transgender to transhuman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118<br />9. Does extending rights to animals diminish the concept of right? . 124<br />10. Conclusion: The centrality of uplift to the extended<br />‘Republic of Humanity’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130<br />Appendix: Transhumanist Bill Of Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134<br />Chapter Three: Death as a transhumanist lifestyle choice . . . . . . . . 137<br />1. Suicide and the digital afterlife: An introduction to the<br />transhumanist way of death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137<br />2. Towards a transhumanist affirmation of death: Proposals for a<br />positive necropolitics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150<br />3. Making death worth its cost: Prolegomena to any future<br />necronomics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163<br />4. Generational change as a vehicle for radical conceptual change:<br />The case for periodic rejuvenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175<br />5. Death as a virtue of living systems: From mass extinctions to<br />creative destruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187<br />Two conclusions: One light and one heavy . . .</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42260303" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="328e0244a45831c6bae33f8306c2c2e5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62412261,"asset_id":42260303,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62412261/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5392352" href="https://warwick.academia.edu/SFuller">Steve Fuller</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5392352" type="text/json">{"id":5392352,"first_name":"Steve","last_name":"Fuller","domain_name":"warwick","page_name":"SFuller","display_name":"Steve Fuller","profile_url":"https://warwick.academia.edu/SFuller?f_ri=56687","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42260303 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42260303"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42260303, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42260303", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42260303]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42260303").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42260303").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42260303"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2122" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death">Death</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2122" type="text/json">{"id":2122,"name":"Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13803" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13803" type="text/json">{"id":13803,"name":"Nietzsche","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nietzsche?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34273" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transhumanism_Posthumanism">Transhumanism/Posthumanism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34273" type="text/json">{"id":34273,"name":"Transhumanism/Posthumanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transhumanism_Posthumanism?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42260303]'), work: {"id":42260303,"title":"Nietzschean Meditations: Untimely Thoughts at the Dawn of the Transhuman Era","created_at":"2020-03-19T06:06:33.072-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42260303/Nietzschean_Meditations_Untimely_Thoughts_at_the_Dawn_of_the_Transhuman_Era?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_42260303","summary":"Nietzschean Meditations takes its inspiration from the version of\nNietzsche that was popular before the Second World War, which\nstressed the ‘Zarathustrian’ elements of his thought as the harbinger\nof a new sort of being – the Übermensch. The book updates\nthe image of this creature to present a version of ‘transhumanism’\nthat breaks with the more precautionary and pessimistic\napproaches of humanity’s future in contemporary ‘posthumanist’\nthought. Fuller follows Nietzsche in discussing deeply and frankly\nthe challenging the issues that face aspiring transhumanists.\nThey include their philosophical and especially theological roots,\nthe implications of transhumanism for matters of life and death,\nand whether any traces of classical humanity will remain in the\n‘transhuman’ being.\n\nIntroduction: The path through Nietzsche to Transhumanism . . . . . 9\nChapter One: What is transhumanism? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27\n1. Transhumanism as humanity’s cosmic lift-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27\n2. Which way up for the human condition? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31\n3. Who’s afraid of the human? Ecomodernism as energetic theology 36\n4. Expanding the scope of the human in search of the divine . . . . . . 41\n5. Back from Prometheus to Faust and Simon Magus:\nThe theological roots of transgression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44\n6. The indefinite pursuit of reason for its own sake:\nThe philosophical roots of transgression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53\nChapter Two: The contours of transhumanist politics . . . . . . . . . . . . 65\n1. Transhumanism as the fine art of occupying the extremes . . . . . . 65\n2. Existential risk as the higher moral evasion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72\n3. A peaceful but costly transhuman future? In search of the added\nvalue of being human . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80\n4. Morphological freedom and the quest for a responsible and\nrepresentative transhumanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90\n5. Lessons for transhumanism from the difficult history of\n‘human rights’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98\n6. Ontological narcissism as a barrier to extending\nthe ‘Republic of Humanity’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107\n7. From transgender to transhumanism: The path away from\nHaraway’s ‘Cyborg Manifesto’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112\n8. The rocky road from transgender to transhuman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118\n9. Does extending rights to animals diminish the concept of right? . 124\n10. Conclusion: The centrality of uplift to the extended\n‘Republic of Humanity’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130\nAppendix: Transhumanist Bill Of Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134\nChapter Three: Death as a transhumanist lifestyle choice . . . . . . . . 137\n1. Suicide and the digital afterlife: An introduction to the\ntranshumanist way of death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137\n2. Towards a transhumanist affirmation of death: Proposals for a\npositive necropolitics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150\n3. Making death worth its cost: Prolegomena to any future\nnecronomics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163\n4. Generational change as a vehicle for radical conceptual change:\nThe case for periodic rejuvenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175\n5. Death as a virtue of living systems: From mass extinctions to\ncreative destruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187\nTwo conclusions: One light and one heavy . . .\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62412261,"asset_id":42260303,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5392352,"first_name":"Steve","last_name":"Fuller","domain_name":"warwick","page_name":"SFuller","display_name":"Steve Fuller","profile_url":"https://warwick.academia.edu/SFuller?f_ri=56687","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2122,"name":"Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":13803,"name":"Nietzsche","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nietzsche?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":34273,"name":"Transhumanism/Posthumanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transhumanism_Posthumanism?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":161262,"name":"Existential risk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Existential_risk?f_ri=56687"},{"id":911247,"name":"Digital Immortality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Immortality?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1980793,"name":"Ecomodernism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecomodernism?f_ri=56687"},{"id":3592169,"name":"morphological freedom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/morphological_freedom?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43286281" data-work_id="43286281" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43286281/SAINT_THOMAS_DAQUIN_CONTRE_LES_ROBOTS_PISTES_POUR_UNE_APPROCHE_PHILOSOPHIQUE_DE_LINTELLIGENCE_ARTIFICIELLE">SAINT THOMAS D'AQUIN CONTRE LES ROBOTS? PISTES POUR UNE APPROCHE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE L'INTELLIGENCE ARTIFICIELLE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In light of the pervasive developments of new technologies, such as NBIC (Nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and cognitive science), it is imperative to produce a coherent and deep reflexion on the human nature, on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43286281" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In light of the pervasive developments of new technologies, such as NBIC (Nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and cognitive science), it is imperative to produce a coherent and deep reflexion on the human nature, on human intelligence and on the limit of both of them, in order to successfully respond to some technical argumentations that strive to depict humanity as a purely mechanical system. For this purpose, it is interesting to refer to the epistemology and metaphysics of Thomas Aquinas as a stable philosophical reference on Human Nature. Indeed, we find in the works of Aquinas some of the most productive elements that could form a base to our deeper understanding of, and possibly even solutions to some of the most perplexing questions raised in our times by the existence of AI.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43286281" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bb0ef034d5353e44b169b50ec8163476" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63562212,"asset_id":43286281,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63562212/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="96932678" href="https://milesjesu.academia.edu/MatthieuRaffray">Matthieu Raffray</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="96932678" type="text/json">{"id":96932678,"first_name":"Matthieu","last_name":"Raffray","domain_name":"milesjesu","page_name":"MatthieuRaffray","display_name":"Matthieu Raffray","profile_url":"https://milesjesu.academia.edu/MatthieuRaffray?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/96932678/35943003/30975841/s65_matthieu.raffray.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43286281 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43286281"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43286281, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43286281", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43286281]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43286281").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43286281").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43286281"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="806" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind">Philosophy of Mind</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="806" type="text/json">{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="815" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology">Epistemology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="815" type="text/json">{"id":815,"name":"Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2008" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning">Machine Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2008" type="text/json">{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43286281]'), work: {"id":43286281,"title":"SAINT THOMAS D'AQUIN CONTRE LES ROBOTS? PISTES POUR UNE APPROCHE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE L'INTELLIGENCE ARTIFICIELLE","created_at":"2020-06-08T03:36:43.862-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43286281/SAINT_THOMAS_DAQUIN_CONTRE_LES_ROBOTS_PISTES_POUR_UNE_APPROCHE_PHILOSOPHIQUE_DE_LINTELLIGENCE_ARTIFICIELLE?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_43286281","summary":"In light of the pervasive developments of new technologies, such as NBIC (Nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and cognitive science), it is imperative to produce a coherent and deep reflexion on the human nature, on human intelligence and on the limit of both of them, in order to successfully respond to some technical argumentations that strive to depict humanity as a purely mechanical system. For this purpose, it is interesting to refer to the epistemology and metaphysics of Thomas Aquinas as a stable philosophical reference on Human Nature. Indeed, we find in the works of Aquinas some of the most productive elements that could form a base to our deeper understanding of, and possibly even solutions to some of the most perplexing questions raised in our times by the existence of AI.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63562212,"asset_id":43286281,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":96932678,"first_name":"Matthieu","last_name":"Raffray","domain_name":"milesjesu","page_name":"MatthieuRaffray","display_name":"Matthieu Raffray","profile_url":"https://milesjesu.academia.edu/MatthieuRaffray?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/96932678/35943003/30975841/s65_matthieu.raffray.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":815,"name":"Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2052,"name":"Intelligence Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies?f_ri=56687"},{"id":10500,"name":"Intentionality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intentionality?f_ri=56687"},{"id":10860,"name":"Thomas Aquinas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thomas_Aquinas?f_ri=56687"},{"id":15842,"name":"Angels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Angels?f_ri=56687"},{"id":49800,"name":"Alan Turing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alan_Turing?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":81182,"name":"Deep Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deep_Learning?f_ri=56687"},{"id":341686,"name":"Chinese room","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_room?f_ri=56687"},{"id":349061,"name":"Turing machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine?f_ri=56687"},{"id":474696,"name":"Strong AI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strong_AI?f_ri=56687"},{"id":983429,"name":"Philosophy of Mind and Artificial Intelligence \u0026 AI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind_and_Artificial_Intelligence_and_AI?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70433441" data-work_id="70433441" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70433441/Between_The_Motion_And_The_Act_A_Review_of_Shadows_of_the_Mind_by_Roger_Penrose">Between The Motion And The Act... A Review of Shadows of the Mind by Roger Penrose</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Between The Motion And The Act... A Review of Shadows of the Mind by Roger Penrose. ... A Review of Shadows of the Mind by Roger Penrose. Tim Maudlin. Abstract. ...</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70433441" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="87e0aac18b4e808a670aed6b18b4afee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80188326,"asset_id":70433441,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80188326/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10441361" href="https://nyu.academia.edu/TimMaudlin">Tim Maudlin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10441361" type="text/json">{"id":10441361,"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Maudlin","domain_name":"nyu","page_name":"TimMaudlin","display_name":"Tim Maudlin","profile_url":"https://nyu.academia.edu/TimMaudlin?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10441361/3371104/3966734/s65_tim.maudlin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70433441 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70433441"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70433441, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70433441", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70433441]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70433441").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70433441").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70433441"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2035" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relativity">Relativity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2035" type="text/json">{"id":2035,"name":"Relativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relativity?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7936" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Mechanics">Quantum Mechanics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7936" type="text/json">{"id":7936,"name":"Quantum Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Mechanics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70433441]'), work: {"id":70433441,"title":"Between The Motion And The Act... A Review of Shadows of the Mind by Roger Penrose","created_at":"2022-02-04T08:07:56.583-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70433441/Between_The_Motion_And_The_Act_A_Review_of_Shadows_of_the_Mind_by_Roger_Penrose?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_70433441","summary":"Between The Motion And The Act... A Review of Shadows of the Mind by Roger Penrose. ... A Review of Shadows of the Mind by Roger Penrose. Tim Maudlin. Abstract. ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80188326,"asset_id":70433441,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10441361,"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Maudlin","domain_name":"nyu","page_name":"TimMaudlin","display_name":"Tim Maudlin","profile_url":"https://nyu.academia.edu/TimMaudlin?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10441361/3371104/3966734/s65_tim.maudlin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2035,"name":"Relativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relativity?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":7936,"name":"Quantum Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Mechanics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":59487,"name":"Computation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computation?f_ri=56687"},{"id":196589,"name":"Psyche","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psyche?f_ri=56687"},{"id":243457,"name":"Penrose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Penrose?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45686467" data-work_id="45686467" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45686467/Deceitful_Media_Artificial_Intelligence_and_Social_Life_after_the_Turing_Test">Deceitful Media: Artificial Intelligence and Social Life after the Turing Test</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Integrating media studies, science and technology studies, and social psychology, Deceitful Media examines the rise of artificial intelligence throughout history and exposes the very human fallacies behind this technology. Focusing... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45686467" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Integrating media studies, science and technology studies, and social psychology, Deceitful Media examines the rise of artificial intelligence throughout history and exposes the very human fallacies behind this technology. Focusing specifically on communicative AIs, Natale argues that what we call "AI" is not a form of intelligence but rather a reflection of the human user. Using the term "banal deception," he reveals that deception forms the basis of all human-computer interactions rooted in AI technologies, as technologies like voice assistants utilize the dynamics of projection and stereotyping as a means for aligning with our existing habits and social conventions. By exploiting the human instinct to connect, AI reveals our collective vulnerabilities to deception, showing that what machines are primarily changing is not other technology but ourselves as humans.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45686467" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5d2b38112739d48298cd35d611eaf852" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":94276497,"asset_id":45686467,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94276497/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="328167" href="https://unito.academia.edu/SimoneNatale">Simone Natale</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="328167" type="text/json">{"id":328167,"first_name":"Simone","last_name":"Natale","domain_name":"unito","page_name":"SimoneNatale","display_name":"Simone Natale","profile_url":"https://unito.academia.edu/SimoneNatale?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/328167/91927/18296859/s65_simone.natale.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45686467 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45686467"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45686467, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45686467", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45686467]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45686467").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45686467").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45686467"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="495" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Of_Computing">History Of Computing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="495" type="text/json">{"id":495,"name":"History Of Computing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Of_Computing?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="928" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies">Media Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="928" type="text/json">{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2869" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Media">Digital Media</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2869" type="text/json">{"id":2869,"name":"Digital Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Media?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45686467]'), work: {"id":45686467,"title":"Deceitful Media: Artificial Intelligence and Social Life after the Turing Test","created_at":"2021-04-06T07:00:38.097-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45686467/Deceitful_Media_Artificial_Intelligence_and_Social_Life_after_the_Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_45686467","summary":"Integrating media studies, science and technology studies, and social psychology, Deceitful Media examines the rise of artificial intelligence throughout history and exposes the very human fallacies behind this technology. Focusing specifically on communicative AIs, Natale argues that what we call \"AI\" is not a form of intelligence but rather a reflection of the human user. Using the term \"banal deception,\" he reveals that deception forms the basis of all human-computer interactions rooted in AI technologies, as technologies like voice assistants utilize the dynamics of projection and stereotyping as a means for aligning with our existing habits and social conventions. 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Properties of Cheese Texture1</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27903374" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ab635a3dc1ca103e8a57cd5ad81bc19e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48192042,"asset_id":27903374,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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Texture1","created_at":"2016-08-20T00:08:13.028-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27903374/Invited_Review_Sensory_and_Mechanical_Properties_of_Cheese_Texture1?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_27903374","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48192042,"asset_id":27903374,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":52275635,"first_name":"Allen","last_name":"Foegeding","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AllenFoegeding","display_name":"Allen Foegeding","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AllenFoegeding?f_ri=56687","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":512,"name":"Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanics?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":4630,"name":"Dairy Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dairy_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":7598,"name":"Rheology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":39717,"name":"Food Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Technology?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":82660,"name":"Sensation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensation?f_ri=56687"},{"id":119381,"name":"Specification Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specification_Tests?f_ri=56687"},{"id":251661,"name":"Cheese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cheese?f_ri=56687"},{"id":313343,"name":"Sensory Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensory_Analysis?f_ri=56687"},{"id":415832,"name":"Mastication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mastication?f_ri=56687"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1643503,"name":"Structural model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structural_model?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7864194" data-work_id="7864194" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7864194/How_minds_can_be_computational_systems">How minds can be computational systems</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7864194" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="51a672fccebb2f7312c3a19cf1e6bc40" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48309125,"asset_id":7864194,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48309125/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14674035" href="https://buffalo.academia.edu/WRapaport">William Rapaport</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14674035" type="text/json">{"id":14674035,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Rapaport","domain_name":"buffalo","page_name":"WRapaport","display_name":"William Rapaport","profile_url":"https://buffalo.academia.edu/WRapaport?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14674035/15673548/16233679/s65_william.rapaport.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7864194 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7864194"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7864194, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7864194", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7864194 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7864194; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7864194"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7864194 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7864194"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7864194; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7864194]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7864194").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7864194").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7864194"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_of_Mind">Theory of Mind</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4937" type="text/json">{"id":4937,"name":"Theory of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="349061" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine">Turing machine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="349061" type="text/json">{"id":349061,"name":"Turing machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7864194]'), work: {"id":7864194,"title":"How minds can be computational systems","created_at":"2014-08-03T22:51:59.228-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7864194/How_minds_can_be_computational_systems?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_7864194","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48309125,"asset_id":7864194,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14674035,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Rapaport","domain_name":"buffalo","page_name":"WRapaport","display_name":"William Rapaport","profile_url":"https://buffalo.academia.edu/WRapaport?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14674035/15673548/16233679/s65_william.rapaport.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":4937,"name":"Theory of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":349061,"name":"Turing machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_machine?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5686943" data-work_id="5686943" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5686943/Heliza_talking_dirty_to_the_attackers">Heliza: talking dirty to the attackers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this article we describe a new paradigm for adaptive honeypots that are capable of learning from their interaction with attackers. The main objective of such honeypots is to get as much information as possible about the profile of an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5686943" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this article we describe a new paradigm for adaptive honeypots that are capable of learning from their interaction with attackers. The main objective of such honeypots is to get as much information as possible about the profile of an intruder, while decoying their true nature and goals. We have leveraged machine learning techniques for this task and have developed a honeypot that uses a variant of reinforcement learning in order to learn the best behavior when facing attackers. The honeypot is capable of adopting behavioral strategies that vary from blocking commands, returning erroneous messages right up to insults that aim to irritate the intruder and serve as reverse Turing Test. Our preliminary experimental results show that behavioral strategies are dependent on contextual parameters and can serve as advanced building blocks for intelligent honeypots.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5686943" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1c57b28641b3290a635e9ef653e54b1b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49181409,"asset_id":5686943,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49181409/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8215102" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RaduEliza">Radu Eliza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8215102" type="text/json">{"id":8215102,"first_name":"Radu","last_name":"Eliza","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RaduEliza","display_name":"Radu Eliza","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RaduEliza?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8215102/3572790/4192525/s65_radu.eliza.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5686943 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5686943"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5686943, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5686943", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5686943]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5686943").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5686943").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5686943"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1688" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reinforcement_Learning">Reinforcement Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1688" type="text/json">{"id":1688,"name":"Reinforcement Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reinforcement_Learning?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2008" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning">Machine Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2008" type="text/json">{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49871" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Virology">Computer Virology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49871" type="text/json">{"id":49871,"name":"Computer Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Virology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5686943]'), work: {"id":5686943,"title":"Heliza: talking dirty to the attackers","created_at":"2014-01-12T01:44:16.322-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5686943/Heliza_talking_dirty_to_the_attackers?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_5686943","summary":"In this article we describe a new paradigm for adaptive honeypots that are capable of learning from their interaction with attackers. The main objective of such honeypots is to get as much information as possible about the profile of an intruder, while decoying their true nature and goals. We have leveraged machine learning techniques for this task and have developed a honeypot that uses a variant of reinforcement learning in order to learn the best behavior when facing attackers. The honeypot is capable of adopting behavioral strategies that vary from blocking commands, returning erroneous messages right up to insults that aim to irritate the intruder and serve as reverse Turing Test. Our preliminary experimental results show that behavioral strategies are dependent on contextual parameters and can serve as advanced building blocks for intelligent honeypots.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49181409,"asset_id":5686943,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8215102,"first_name":"Radu","last_name":"Eliza","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RaduEliza","display_name":"Radu Eliza","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RaduEliza?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8215102/3572790/4192525/s65_radu.eliza.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1688,"name":"Reinforcement Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reinforcement_Learning?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":49871,"name":"Computer Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Virology?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_82090105" data-work_id="82090105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82090105/Turings_Conceptual_Engineering">Turing's Conceptual Engineering</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Alan Turing’s influence on subsequent research in artificial intelligence is undeniable. His proposed test for intelligence remains influential. In this paper, I propose to analyze his conception of intelligence by relying on traditional... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_82090105" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Alan Turing’s influence on subsequent research in artificial intelligence is undeniable. His proposed test for intelligence remains influential. In this paper, I propose to analyze his conception of intelligence by relying on traditional close reading and language technology. The Turing test is interpreted as an instance of conceptual engineering that rejects the role of the previous linguistic usage, but appeals to intuition pumps instead. Even though many conceive his proposal as a prime case of operationalism, it is more plausibly viewed as a stepping stone toward a future theoretical construal of intelligence in mechanical terms. To complete this picture, his own conceptual network is analyzed through the lens of distributional semantics over the corpus of his written work. As it turns out, Turing’s conceptual engineering of the notion of intelligence is indeed quite similar to providing a precising definition with the aim of revising the usage of the concept. However, that is not its ultimate aim: Turing is after a rich theoretical understanding of thinking in mechanical, i.e., computational, terms.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82090105" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c4943bc1da37b28408f45135140c5659" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87907360,"asset_id":82090105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87907360/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="203429" href="https://pan-pl.academia.edu/MarcinMi%C5%82kowski">Marcin Miłkowski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="203429" type="text/json">{"id":203429,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Miłkowski","domain_name":"pan-pl","page_name":"MarcinMiłkowski","display_name":"Marcin Miłkowski","profile_url":"https://pan-pl.academia.edu/MarcinMi%C5%82kowski?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/203429/47673/9861009/s65_marcin.mi_kowski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82090105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82090105"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82090105, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82090105", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_82090105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82090105; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_82090105"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_82090105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="82090105"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82090105; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82090105]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_82090105").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_82090105").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="82090105"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1197" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Humanities">Digital Humanities</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1197" type="text/json">{"id":1197,"name":"Digital Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Humanities?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53179" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Intelligence">Machine Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53179" type="text/json">{"id":53179,"name":"Machine Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305054" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turings_Imitation_Game">Turing's Imitation Game</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="305054" type="text/json">{"id":305054,"name":"Turing's Imitation Game","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turings_Imitation_Game?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=82090105]'), work: {"id":82090105,"title":"Turing's Conceptual Engineering","created_at":"2022-06-23T00:57:00.212-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/82090105/Turings_Conceptual_Engineering?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_82090105","summary":"Alan Turing’s influence on subsequent research in artificial intelligence is undeniable. His proposed test for intelligence remains influential. In this paper, I propose to analyze his conception of intelligence by relying on traditional close reading and language technology. The Turing test is interpreted as an instance of conceptual engineering that rejects the role of the previous linguistic usage, but appeals to intuition pumps instead. Even though many conceive his proposal as a prime case of operationalism, it is more plausibly viewed as a stepping stone toward a future theoretical construal of intelligence in mechanical terms. To complete this picture, his own conceptual network is analyzed through the lens of distributional semantics over the corpus of his written work. As it turns out, Turing’s conceptual engineering of the notion of intelligence is indeed quite similar to providing a precising definition with the aim of revising the usage of the concept. However, that is not its ultimate aim: Turing is after a rich theoretical understanding of thinking in mechanical, i.e., computational, terms.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87907360,"asset_id":82090105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":203429,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Miłkowski","domain_name":"pan-pl","page_name":"MarcinMiłkowski","display_name":"Marcin Miłkowski","profile_url":"https://pan-pl.academia.edu/MarcinMi%C5%82kowski?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/203429/47673/9861009/s65_marcin.mi_kowski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1197,"name":"Digital Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Humanities?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":53179,"name":"Machine Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":305054,"name":"Turing's Imitation Game","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turings_Imitation_Game?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":1166841,"name":"Conceptual Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conceptual_Engineering?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2195902" data-work_id="2195902" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2195902/Conversation_Deception_and_Intelligence_Turings_question_answer_game">Conversation, Deception and Intelligence: Turing's question-answer game </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"Over sixty years ago, describing two ways to practicalise his question-answer game to examine machine thinking, Turing believed one day a machine would succeed in providing satisfactory and sustained answers through his viva voce, or... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2195902" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"Over sixty years ago, describing two ways to practicalise his question-answer game to examine machine thinking, Turing believed one day a machine would succeed in providing satisfactory and sustained answers through his viva voce, or simultaneous comparison tests. In 2011 IBM Watson achieved success competing against two humans in a reverse question-answer general knowledge quiz. Though he regarded the process of thinking mysterious, Turing believed building a machine to think may help us to understand how it is we humans think (from 1951: ‘Can digital computers think’). <br /> <br />Book won top prize in 2013 Prose Awards, for Excellence in Physical Sciences & Mathematics, in ceremony on Thursday 6 February 2014, in Washington DC: <br /><a href="http://www.proseawards.com/current-winners.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.proseawards.com/current-winners.html</a> <br /> <br /> Available on Amazon: <br /><a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Alan-Turing-His-Work-Impact/dp/0123869803/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1367616524&sr=1-1&keywords=alan+turing+his+work+and+impact" rel="nofollow">http://www.amazon.co.uk/Alan-Turing-His-Work-Impact/dp/0123869803/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1367616524&sr=1-1&keywords=alan+turing+his+work+and+impact</a>"</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2195902" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0fa1c396f981aeede5b5456ef54d1e60" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30247351,"asset_id":2195902,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30247351/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="140932" href="https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah">Huma Shah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="140932" type="text/json">{"id":140932,"first_name":"Huma","last_name":"Shah","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"HumaShah","display_name":"Huma Shah","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140932/37373/34329/s65_huma.shah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2195902 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2195902"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2195902, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2195902", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2195902 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2195902; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2195902"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2195902 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2195902"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2195902; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2195902]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2195902").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2195902").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2195902"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2847" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conversation_Analysis">Conversation Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2847" type="text/json">{"id":2847,"name":"Conversation Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conversation_Analysis?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10395" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deception_Lying_Deception_Lying_">Deception / Lying (Deception Lying)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10395" type="text/json">{"id":10395,"name":"Deception / Lying (Deception Lying)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deception_Lying_Deception_Lying_?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test">Turing Test</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56687" type="text/json">{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2195902]'), work: {"id":2195902,"title":"Conversation, Deception and Intelligence: Turing's question-answer game ","created_at":"2012-11-25T18:29:23.798-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2195902/Conversation_Deception_and_Intelligence_Turings_question_answer_game?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_2195902","summary":"\"Over sixty years ago, describing two ways to practicalise his question-answer game to examine machine thinking, Turing believed one day a machine would succeed in providing satisfactory and sustained answers through his viva voce, or simultaneous comparison tests. In 2011 IBM Watson achieved success competing against two humans in a reverse question-answer general knowledge quiz. Though he regarded the process of thinking mysterious, Turing believed building a machine to think may help us to understand how it is we humans think (from 1951: ‘Can digital computers think’).\r\n\r\nBook won top prize in 2013 Prose Awards, for Excellence in Physical Sciences \u0026 Mathematics, in ceremony on Thursday 6 February 2014, in Washington DC:\r\nhttp://www.proseawards.com/current-winners.html\r\n\r\n Available on Amazon:\r\nhttp://www.amazon.co.uk/Alan-Turing-His-Work-Impact/dp/0123869803/ref=sr_1_1?s=books\u0026ie=UTF8\u0026qid=1367616524\u0026sr=1-1\u0026keywords=alan+turing+his+work+and+impact\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30247351,"asset_id":2195902,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":140932,"first_name":"Huma","last_name":"Shah","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"HumaShah","display_name":"Huma Shah","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140932/37373/34329/s65_huma.shah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":2847,"name":"Conversation Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conversation_Analysis?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":10395,"name":"Deception / Lying (Deception Lying)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deception_Lying_Deception_Lying_?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_338112" data-work_id="338112" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/338112/Chatterbox_Challenge_as_a_Test_Bed_for_Synthetic_Emotions">Chatterbox Challenge as a Test-Bed for Synthetic Emotions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Chatterbox Challenge is an annual web-based contest for artificial conversational systems, ACE. The 2010 instantiation was the tenth consecutive contest held between March and June in the 60th year following the publication of Alan... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_338112" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Chatterbox Challenge is an annual web-based contest for artificial conversational systems, ACE. The 2010 instantiation was the tenth consecutive contest held between March and June in the 60th year following the publication of Alan Turing’s influential disquisition ‘computing machinery and intelligence’. Loosely based on Turing’s viva voca interrogator-hidden witness imitation game, a thought experiment to ascertain a machine’s capacity to respond satisfactorily to unrestricted questions, the contest provides a platform for technology comparison and evaluation. This paper provides an insight into emotion content in the entries since the 2005 Chatterbox Challenge. The authors find that synthetic textual systems, none of which are backed by academic or industry funding, are, on the whole and more than half a century since Weizenbaum’s natural language understanding experiment, little further than Eliza in terms of expressing emotion in dialogue. This may be a failure on the part of the academic AI community for ignoring the Turing test as an engineering challenge.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/338112" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="abaa511e848e64aad4945b9ff24781df" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30415418,"asset_id":338112,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30415418/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="140932" href="https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah">Huma Shah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="140932" type="text/json">{"id":140932,"first_name":"Huma","last_name":"Shah","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"HumaShah","display_name":"Huma Shah","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140932/37373/34329/s65_huma.shah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_338112 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="338112"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 338112, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_338112", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_338112 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 338112; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_338112"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_338112 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="338112"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 338112; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=338112]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_338112").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_338112").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="338112"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="94" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis">Discourse Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="94" type="text/json">{"id":94,"name":"Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="254" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotion">Emotion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="254" type="text/json">{"id":254,"name":"Emotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotion?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="807" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Language">Philosophy Of Language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="807" type="text/json">{"id":807,"name":"Philosophy Of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Language?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=338112]'), work: {"id":338112,"title":"Chatterbox Challenge as a Test-Bed for Synthetic Emotions","created_at":"2010-09-24T05:51:13.537-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/338112/Chatterbox_Challenge_as_a_Test_Bed_for_Synthetic_Emotions?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_338112","summary":"Chatterbox Challenge is an annual web-based contest for artificial conversational systems, ACE. The 2010 instantiation was the tenth consecutive contest held between March and June in the 60th year following the publication of Alan Turing’s influential disquisition ‘computing machinery and intelligence’. Loosely based on Turing’s viva voca interrogator-hidden witness imitation game, a thought experiment to ascertain a machine’s capacity to respond satisfactorily to unrestricted questions, the contest provides a platform for technology comparison and evaluation. This paper provides an insight into emotion content in the entries since the 2005 Chatterbox Challenge. The authors find that synthetic textual systems, none of which are backed by academic or industry funding, are, on the whole and more than half a century since Weizenbaum’s natural language understanding experiment, little further than Eliza in terms of expressing emotion in dialogue. This may be a failure on the part of the academic AI community for ignoring the Turing test as an engineering challenge.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30415418,"asset_id":338112,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":140932,"first_name":"Huma","last_name":"Shah","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"HumaShah","display_name":"Huma Shah","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/HumaShah?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140932/37373/34329/s65_huma.shah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":94,"name":"Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":254,"name":"Emotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotion?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":807,"name":"Philosophy Of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Language?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":1432,"name":"Natural Language Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Language_Processing?f_ri=56687"},{"id":2671,"name":"Emotional intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotional_intelligence?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":246157,"name":"Aiml, Chatbot, Knowlede Base","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aiml_Chatbot_Knowlede_Base?f_ri=56687"},{"id":246160,"name":"Chatbot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chatbot?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12738846" data-work_id="12738846" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12738846/Philosophy_of_Mind_Fall_2017_Syllabus_">Philosophy of Mind, Fall 2017 (Syllabus)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The aim of this course is to engage students in contemporary debates in the philosophy of mind. The course is divided into four modules. In the first segment, which lays the foundation, we survey a variety of attempts to clarify the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12738846" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of this course is to engage students in contemporary debates in the philosophy of mind. The course is divided into four modules.  In the first segment, which lays the foundation, we survey a variety of attempts to clarify the relationship between mind and body.  In the second segment, we consider the ‘self-model’ theory of subjectivity as a framework for studying conscious experience, the phenomenal self, and the emergence of the first-person perspective.  In the third segment, we challenge the assumption that mind and consciousness are confined inside the boundaries of the brain, and learn about alternative approaches that highlight the embodied, embedded, extended, and enactive (‘4e’) character of cognition. In the last segment, we deal with the question of whether machines can think, and ponder how the creation of different forms of ‘superintellligence’ might affect the future of the human condition.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12738846" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bc07a466ef786a2287708e1081b33a50" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55274900,"asset_id":12738846,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55274900/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20391" href="https://villanova.academia.edu/GeorgTheiner">Georg Theiner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20391" type="text/json">{"id":20391,"first_name":"Georg","last_name":"Theiner","domain_name":"villanova","page_name":"GeorgTheiner","display_name":"Georg Theiner","profile_url":"https://villanova.academia.edu/GeorgTheiner?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20391/6876/21659315/s65_georg.theiner.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12738846 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12738846"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12738846, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12738846", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12738846]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12738846").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12738846").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12738846"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">21</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="806" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind">Philosophy of Mind</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="806" type="text/json">{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4420" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embodied_Cognition">Embodied Cognition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4420" type="text/json">{"id":4420,"name":"Embodied Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embodied_Cognition?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5425" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embodied_Mind_and_Cognition">Embodied Mind and Cognition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5425" type="text/json">{"id":5425,"name":"Embodied Mind and Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embodied_Mind_and_Cognition?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9581" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Self">The Self</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9581" type="text/json">{"id":9581,"name":"The Self","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Self?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12738846]'), work: {"id":12738846,"title":"Philosophy of Mind, Fall 2017 (Syllabus)","created_at":"2015-06-01T20:44:40.501-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12738846/Philosophy_of_Mind_Fall_2017_Syllabus_?f_ri=56687","dom_id":"work_12738846","summary":"The aim of this course is to engage students in contemporary debates in the philosophy of mind. The course is divided into four modules. In the first segment, which lays the foundation, we survey a variety of attempts to clarify the relationship between mind and body. In the second segment, we consider the ‘self-model’ theory of subjectivity as a framework for studying conscious experience, the phenomenal self, and the emergence of the first-person perspective. In the third segment, we challenge the assumption that mind and consciousness are confined inside the boundaries of the brain, and learn about alternative approaches that highlight the embodied, embedded, extended, and enactive (‘4e’) character of cognition. In the last segment, we deal with the question of whether machines can think, and ponder how the creation of different forms of ‘superintellligence’ might affect the future of the human condition.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55274900,"asset_id":12738846,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20391,"first_name":"Georg","last_name":"Theiner","domain_name":"villanova","page_name":"GeorgTheiner","display_name":"Georg Theiner","profile_url":"https://villanova.academia.edu/GeorgTheiner?f_ri=56687","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20391/6876/21659315/s65_georg.theiner.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":4420,"name":"Embodied Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embodied_Cognition?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":5425,"name":"Embodied Mind and Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embodied_Mind_and_Cognition?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":9581,"name":"The Self","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Self?f_ri=56687","nofollow":false},{"id":10498,"name":"Extended Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extended_Mind?f_ri=56687"},{"id":10499,"name":"Functionalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functionalism?f_ri=56687"},{"id":15180,"name":"Philosophy of Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Cognitive_Science?f_ri=56687"},{"id":27785,"name":"Enactivism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enactivism?f_ri=56687"},{"id":34960,"name":"Emergence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergence?f_ri=56687"},{"id":51754,"name":"Dualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dualism?f_ri=56687"},{"id":54814,"name":"Philosophy of mind, consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_mind_consciousness?f_ri=56687"},{"id":56687,"name":"Turing Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turing_Test?f_ri=56687"},{"id":82371,"name":"Extended Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extended_Cognition?f_ri=56687"},{"id":87762,"name":"Technological singularity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technological_singularity?f_ri=56687"},{"id":111330,"name":"Philosophy of Mind (the hard problem of consciousness)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind_the_hard_problem_of_consciousness_?f_ri=56687"},{"id":156403,"name":"Enactive cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enactive_cognition?f_ri=56687"},{"id":192481,"name":"Cognitive Enhancement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Enhancement?f_ri=56687"},{"id":362853,"name":"Embodied and Enactive Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embodied_and_Enactive_Cognition?f_ri=56687"},{"id":363455,"name":"Philosophy of Mind and Metaphyics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind_and_Metaphyics?f_ri=56687"},{"id":983429,"name":"Philosophy of Mind and Artificial Intelligence \u0026 AI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind_and_Artificial_Intelligence_and_AI?f_ri=56687"},{"id":1601063,"name":"Superintelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Superintelligence?f_ri=56687"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3136831" data-work_id="3136831" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3136831/How_minds_can_be_computational_systems">How minds can be computational systems</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3136831" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b29c66ddb5bf72d015eaf09c2d790838" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31047266,"asset_id":3136831,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31047266/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNTY1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50408" href="https://buffalo.academia.edu/WilliamRapaport">William Rapaport</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50408" type="text/json">{"id":50408,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Rapaport","domain_name":"buffalo","page_name":"WilliamRapaport","display_name":"William Rapaport","profile_url":"https://buffalo.academia.edu/WilliamRapaport?f_ri=56687","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li 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