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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Types</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Types subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Native_app" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Native_app"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Native app</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Native_app-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Web-based_app" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web-based_app"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Web-based app</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web-based_app-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hybrid_app" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hybrid_app"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Hybrid app</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hybrid_app-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Distribution</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Distribution subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Google_Play" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Play"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Google Play</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Play-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-App_Store" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#App_Store"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>App Store</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-App_Store-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Microsoft_Store" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Microsoft_Store"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Microsoft Store</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Microsoft_Store-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enterprise_management" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enterprise_management"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Enterprise management</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Enterprise_management-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Enterprise management subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Enterprise_management-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-App_wrapping_vs._native_app_management" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#App_wrapping_vs._native_app_management"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>App wrapping vs. native app management</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-App_wrapping_vs._native_app_management-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mobile app</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 82 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toep" title="Toep – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Toep" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%82_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84" title="تطبيق محمول – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تطبيق محمول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil_proqram" title="Mobil proqram – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mobil proqram" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA" title="মোবাইল অ্যাপ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মোবাইল অ্যাপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AAng-t%C5%8Dng_app" title="Hêng-tōng app – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hêng-tōng app" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Мабільная праграма – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мабільная праграма" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Мабільны дастасунак – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мабільны дастасунак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AA" title="मोबाइल एप – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मोबाइल एप" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Мобилно приложение – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мобилно приложение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplicaci%C3%B3_m%C3%B2bil" title="Aplicació mòbil – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aplicació mòbil" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mobile app" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobiln%C3%AD_aplikace" title="Mobilní aplikace – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mobilní aplikace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap_ff%C3%B4n" title="Ap ffôn – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ap ffôn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilapplikation" title="Mobilapplikation – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mobilapplikation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_App" title="Mobile App – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mobile App" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobiilirakendus" title="Mobiilirakendus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mobiilirakendus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Εφαρμογή κινητού – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εφαρμογή κινητού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplicaci%C3%B3n_m%C3%B3vil" title="Aplicación móvil – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aplicación móvil" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%9Dtelefona_aplika%C4%B5o" title="Poŝtelefona aplikaĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Poŝtelefona aplikaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakelako_mugikorraren_aplikazio" title="Sakelako mugikorraren aplikazio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sakelako mugikorraren aplikazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%BE_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="اپ موبایل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اپ موبایل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_mobile" title="Application mobile – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Application mobile" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aip_shoghluaiste" title="Aip shoghluaiste – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aip shoghluaiste" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplicaci%C3%B3n_m%C3%B3bil" title="Aplicación móbil – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aplicación móbil" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%BC_%EC%95%B1" title="모바일 앱 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="모바일 앱" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%BB%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AE" title="Բջջային հավելված – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բջջային հավելված" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="मोबाइल अनुप्रयोग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मोबाइल अनुप्रयोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilne_aplikacije" title="Mobilne aplikacije – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mobilne aplikacije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartfon-aplikajo" title="Smartfon-aplikajo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Smartfon-aplikajo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikasi_seluler" title="Aplikasi seluler – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aplikasi seluler" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_mobile" title="Application mobile – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Application mobile" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%A1forrit" title="Smáforrit – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Smáforrit" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applicazione_mobile" title="Applicazione mobile – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Applicazione mobile" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9F" title="יישומון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יישומון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಅಪ್ಲಿಕೇಶನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಅಪ್ಲಿಕೇಶನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%96_%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мобильді қосымшалар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мобильді қосымшалар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepanbar%C3%AE" title="Sepanbarî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sepanbarî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Мобилдик колдонмо – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мобилдик колдонмо" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil%C4%81_lietotne" title="Mobilā lietotne – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mobilā lietotne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil_Applikatioun" title="Mobil Applikatioun – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mobil Applikatioun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program%C4%97l%C4%97" title="Programėlė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Programėlė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okostelefon-alkalmaz%C3%A1s" title="Okostelefon-alkalmazás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Okostelefon-alkalmazás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="മൊബൈൽ ആപ്പ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൊബൈൽ ആപ്പ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E2%80%8D%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%AA" title="मोबाईल अ‍ॅप – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मोबाईल अ‍ॅप" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მობილური აპლიკაცია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მობილური აპლიკაცია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%BE" title="موبایل اپ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="موبایل اپ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikasi_mudah_alih" title="Aplikasi mudah alih – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aplikasi mudah alih" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%98%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="မိုဘိုင်းအက်ပ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မိုဘိုင်းအက်ပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobiele_app" title="Mobiele app – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mobiele app" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/App" title="App – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="App" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="मोबाइल एप्स – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मोबाइल एप्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%97%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" title="モバイルアプリケーション – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モバイルアプリケーション" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilapplikasjon" title="Mobilapplikasjon – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mobilapplikasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilapplikasjon" title="Mobilapplikasjon – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mobilapplikasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil_ilova" title="Mobil ilova – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mobil ilova" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE" title="موبائل ایپ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="موبائل ایپ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikacja_mobilna" title="Aplikacja mobilna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aplikacja mobilna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplicativo_m%C3%B3vel" title="Aplicativo móvel – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aplicativo móvel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplica%C8%9Bie_mobil%C4%83" title="Aplicație mobilă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aplicație mobilă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apaychana_ruwachina" title="Apaychana ruwachina – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Apaychana ruwachina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Мобильное приложение – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мобильное приложение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="ජංගම යෙදුම් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජංගම යෙදුම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mobile app" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilna_aplikacija" title="Mobilna aplikacija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mobilna aplikacija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%BE%DA%B5%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%95%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="ئەپڵیکەیشنی مۆبایل – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەپڵیکەیشنی مۆبایل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Мобилне апликације – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мобилне апликације" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobiiliohjelmisto" title="Mobiiliohjelmisto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mobiiliohjelmisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilapplikation" title="Mobilapplikation – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mobilapplikation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikasyong_pang-mobil" title="Aplikasyong pang-mobil – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Aplikasyong pang-mobil" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="கைபேசி செயலி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கைபேசி செயலி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="మొబైల్ యాప్స్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మొబైల్ యాప్స్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88" title="โปรแกรมประยุกต์สำหรับอุปกรณ์เคลื่อนที่ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โปรแกรมประยุกต์สำหรับอุปกรณ์เคลื่อนที่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Нармафзори мобилӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нармафзори мобилӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil_uygulama" title="Mobil uygulama – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mobil uygulama" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Мобільний застосунок – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мобільний застосунок" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE" title="موبائل ایپ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="موبائل ایپ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplegasion_m%C3%B2bi%C5%82e" title="Aplegasion mòbiłe – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Aplegasion mòbiłe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Software application designed to run on mobile devices</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">For Wikipedia's mobile apps, see <a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access#Official_mobile_apps" title="Help:Mobile access">Help:Mobile access § Official mobile apps</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Instagram_app_on_smartphone_(grass_background)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Instagram_app_on_smartphone_%28grass_background%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Instagram_app_on_smartphone_%28grass_background%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Instagram_app_on_smartphone_%28grass_background%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Instagram_app_on_smartphone_%28grass_background%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Instagram_app_on_smartphone_%28grass_background%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Instagram_app_on_smartphone_%28grass_background%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2497" data-file-height="2157" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a> photo sharing app on a smartphone</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>mobile application</b> or <b>app</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Computer_program" title="Computer program">computer program</a> or <a href="/wiki/Software_application" class="mw-redirect" title="Software application">software application</a> designed to run on a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_device" title="Mobile device">mobile device</a> such as a <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">phone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablet</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Smartwatch" title="Smartwatch">watch</a>. Mobile applications often stand in contrast to <a href="/wiki/Desktop_application" class="mw-redirect" title="Desktop application">desktop applications</a> which are designed to run on <a href="/wiki/Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">desktop computers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">web applications</a> which run in <a href="/wiki/Mobile_web_browser" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile web browser">mobile web browsers</a> rather than directly on the mobile device. </p><p>Apps were originally intended for productivity assistance such as email, calendar, and contact databases, but the public demand for apps caused rapid expansion into other areas such as <a href="/wiki/Mobile_game" title="Mobile game">mobile games</a>, <a href="/wiki/Factory_automation" class="mw-redirect" title="Factory automation">factory automation</a>, GPS and <a href="/wiki/Location-based_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Location-based services">location-based services</a>, order-tracking, and ticket purchases, so that there are now millions of apps available. Many apps require <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> access. Apps are generally downloaded from <a href="/wiki/App_store" title="App store">app stores</a>, which are a type of <a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">digital distribution</a> platforms. </p><p>The term "app", short for "<a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">application</a>", has since become very popular; in 2010, it was listed as "<a href="/wiki/Word_of_the_Year" class="mw-redirect" title="Word of the Year">Word of the Year</a>" by the <a href="/wiki/American_Dialect_Society" title="American Dialect Society">American Dialect Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Apps are broadly classified into three types: native apps, hybrid and web apps. Native applications are designed specifically for a mobile operating system, typically iOS or Android. Web apps are written in <a href="/wiki/HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</a> or <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a> and typically run through a browser. Hybrid apps are built using web technologies such as <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>, CSS, and HTML5 and function like web apps disguised in a native container.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Emulator_of_HP-41CX_on_iPhone_6s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emulator_of_HP-41CX_on_iPhone_6s.jpg/170px-Emulator_of_HP-41CX_on_iPhone_6s.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emulator_of_HP-41CX_on_iPhone_6s.jpg/255px-Emulator_of_HP-41CX_on_iPhone_6s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emulator_of_HP-41CX_on_iPhone_6s.jpg/340px-Emulator_of_HP-41CX_on_iPhone_6s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2916" data-file-height="3640" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Emulator" title="Emulator">emulation</a> app for the programmable pocket calculator <a href="/wiki/HP-41C" title="HP-41C">HP-41C</a>X from 1983. Several such apps exist for full-functionally emulating old <a href="/wiki/Home_computer" title="Home computer">home computers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Game_console" class="mw-redirect" title="Game console">game consoles</a> or even <a href="/wiki/Mainframe_computer" title="Mainframe computer">mainframe computers</a> from up to several decades ago.</figcaption></figure> <p>Most mobile devices are sold with several apps bundled as pre-installed software, such as a <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Email_client" title="Email client">email client</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calendaring_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendaring software">calendar</a>, mapping program, and an app for <a href="/wiki/Mobile_music" title="Mobile music">buying music</a>, other media, or more apps. Some pre-installed apps can be removed by an ordinary uninstall process, thus leaving more storage space for desired ones. Where the software does not allow this, some devices can be <a href="/wiki/Rooting_(Android_OS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooting (Android OS)">rooted</a> to eliminate the undesired apps. </p><p>Apps that are not preinstalled are usually available through distribution platforms called <a href="/wiki/App_store" title="App store">app stores</a>. These may operated by the owner of the device's <a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">mobile operating system</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/App_Store_(Apple)" title="App Store (Apple)">App Store</a> or <a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play Store</a>; by the device manufacturers, such as the <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Store" title="Galaxy Store">Galaxy Store</a> and <a href="/wiki/Huawei_AppGallery" title="Huawei AppGallery">Huawei AppGallery</a>; or by third parties, such as the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Appstore" title="Amazon Appstore">Amazon Appstore</a> and <a href="/wiki/F-Droid" title="F-Droid">F-Droid</a>. </p><p>Usually, they are downloaded from the platform to a target device, but sometimes they can be downloaded to <a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">laptops</a> or <a href="/wiki/Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">desktop computers</a>. Apps can also be installed manually, for example by running an <a href="/wiki/Android_application_package" class="mw-redirect" title="Android application package">Android application package</a> on Android devices. </p><p>Some apps are <a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">freeware</a>, while others have a price, which can be upfront or a <a href="/wiki/Subscription_business_model" title="Subscription business model">subscription</a>. Some apps also include <a href="/wiki/Microtransaction" title="Microtransaction">microtransactions</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">advertising</a>. In any case, the revenue is usually split between the application's creator and the app store.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same app can, therefore, cost a different price depending on the mobile platform. </p><p>Mobile apps were originally offered for general productivity and information retrieval, including email, <a href="/wiki/Electronic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic calendar">calendar</a>, contacts, the stock market and weather information. However, public demand and the availability of developer tools drove rapid expansion into other categories, such as those handled by desktop <a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">application software</a> packages. As with other software, the explosion in number and variety of apps made discovery a challenge, which in turn led to the creation of a wide range of review, recommendation, and curation sources, including blogs, magazines, and dedicated online app-discovery services. In 2014 government regulatory agencies began trying to regulate and curate apps, particularly medical apps.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some companies offer apps as an alternative method to deliver <a href="/wiki/Content_(media)" class="mw-redirect" title="Content (media)">content</a> with certain advantages over an official <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">website</a>. </p><p>With a growing number of mobile applications available at app stores and the improved capabilities of smartphones, people are downloading more applications to their devices.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Usage of mobile apps has become increasingly prevalent across mobile phone users.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A May 2012 <a href="/wiki/ComScore" class="mw-redirect" title="ComScore">comScore</a> study reported that during the previous quarter, more mobile subscribers used apps than browsed the web on their devices: 51.1% vs. 49.8% respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Researchers found that usage of mobile apps strongly correlates with user context and depends on user's location and time of the day.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mobile apps are playing an ever-increasing role within healthcare and when designed and integrated correctly can yield many benefits.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid26801468_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid26801468-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Market research firm <a href="/wiki/Gartner" title="Gartner">Gartner</a> predicted that 102 billion apps would be downloaded in 2013 (91% of them free), which would generate $26 billion in the US, up 44.4% on 2012's US$18 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By Q2 2015, the Google Play and Apple stores alone generated $5 billion. An analyst report estimates that the app economy creates revenues of more than <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>10 billion per year within the European Union, while over 529,000 jobs have been created in 28 EU states due to the growth of the app market.<sup id="cite_ref-VisionMobule_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisionMobule-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2></div> <p>Mobile applications may be classified by numerous methods. A common scheme is to distinguish <a href="/wiki/Native_(computing)" title="Native (computing)">native</a>, web-based, and hybrid apps. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Native_app">Native app</h3></div> <p>All apps targeted toward a particular mobile platform are known as native apps. Therefore, an app intended for <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> device does not run in <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> devices. As a result, most businesses develop apps for multiple platforms. </p><p>While developing native apps, professionals incorporate best-in-class user interface modules. This accounts for better performance, consistency and good user experience. Users also benefit from wider access to <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">application programming interfaces</a> and make limitless use of all apps from the particular device. Further, they also switch over from one app to another effortlessly. </p><p>The main purpose for creating such apps is to ensure best performance for a specific mobile operating system. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Web-based_app">Web-based app</h3></div> <p>A web-based app is implemented with the standard web technologies of <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a>, <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>. Internet access is typically required for proper behavior or being able to use all features compared to <a href="/wiki/Offline" class="mw-redirect" title="Offline">offline</a> usage. Most, if not all, user data is stored in <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">the cloud</a>. </p><p>The performance of these apps is similar to a <a href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">web application</a> running in a browser, which can be noticeably slower than the equivalent native app. It also may not have the same level of features as the native app. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hybrid_app">Hybrid app</h3></div> <p>The concept of the hybrid app is a mix of native and web-based apps. Apps developed using <a href="/wiki/Apache_Cordova" title="Apache Cordova">Apache Cordova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flutter_(software)" title="Flutter (software)">Flutter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mono_(software)#Xamarin.iOS_and_Xamarin.Android" title="Mono (software)">Xamarin</a>, <a href="/wiki/React_Native" title="React Native">React Native</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sencha_Touch" title="Sencha Touch">Sencha Touch</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Software_framework" title="Software framework">frameworks</a> fall into this category. </p><p>These are made to support web and native technologies across multiple platforms. Moreover, these apps are easier and faster to develop. It involves use of single <a href="/wiki/Codebase" title="Codebase">codebase</a> which works in multiple mobile operating systems.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Despite such advantages, hybrid apps exhibit lower performance. Often, apps fail to bear the same look-and-feel in different mobile operating systems.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mobile_app_development" title="Mobile app development">Mobile app development</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mistory_-_Demola,_2015.05.22_(5).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mistory_-_Demola%2C_2015.05.22_%285%29.JPG/220px-Mistory_-_Demola%2C_2015.05.22_%285%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mistory_-_Demola%2C_2015.05.22_%285%29.JPG/330px-Mistory_-_Demola%2C_2015.05.22_%285%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mistory_-_Demola%2C_2015.05.22_%285%29.JPG/440px-Mistory_-_Demola%2C_2015.05.22_%285%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Developers at work</figcaption></figure> <p>Developing apps for mobile devices requires considering the constraints and features of these devices. Mobile devices run on battery and have less powerful <a href="/wiki/CPU" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU">processors</a> than personal computers and also have more features such as <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_tracking" title="Mobile phone tracking">location detection</a> and cameras. Developers also have to consider a wide array of screen sizes, hardware specifications and configurations because of intense competition in mobile software and changes within each of the platforms (although these issues can be overcome with mobile device detection). </p><p>Mobile application development requires the use of specialized <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">integrated development environments</a>. Mobile apps are first tested within the development environment using <a href="/wiki/Emulator" title="Emulator">emulators</a> and later subjected to field testing. Emulators provide an inexpensive way to test applications on mobile phones to which developers may not have physical access.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mobile <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> (UI) Design is also essential. Mobile UI considers constraints and contexts, screen, input and mobility as outlines for design. The user is often the focus of interaction with their device, and the interface entails components of both hardware and software. User input allows for the users to manipulate a system, and device's output allows the system to indicate the effects of the users' manipulation. Mobile UI design constraints include limited attention and form factors, such as a mobile device's screen size for a user's hand. Mobile UI contexts signal cues from user activity, such as location and scheduling that can be shown from user interactions within a mobile application. Overall, mobile UI design's goal is primarily for an understandable, user-friendly interface. </p><p>Mobile UIs, or front-ends, rely on mobile back-ends to support access to enterprise systems. The mobile back-end facilitates data routing, security, authentication, authorization, working off-line, and service orchestration. This functionality is supported by a mix of <a href="/wiki/Middleware" title="Middleware">middleware</a> components including <a href="/wiki/Mobile_App_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile App Server">mobile app servers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mobile_Backend_as_a_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile Backend as a service">Mobile Backend as a service</a> (MBaaS), and <a href="/wiki/Service-oriented_architecture" title="Service-oriented architecture">SOA</a> infrastructure. </p><p>Conversational interfaces display the computer interface and present interactions through text instead of graphic elements. They emulate conversations with real humans.<sup id="cite_ref-Fastcodesign_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fastcodesign-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are two main types of conversational interfaces: voice assistants (like the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo" title="Amazon Echo">Amazon Echo</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Chatterbot" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatterbot">chatbots</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fastcodesign_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fastcodesign-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conversational interfaces are growing particularly practical as users are starting to feel overwhelmed with mobile apps (a term known as "app fatigue").<sup id="cite_ref-cbc_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-techcrunch_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-techcrunch-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>David Limp, Amazon's senior vice president of devices, says in an interview with Bloomberg, "We believe the next big platform is voice."<sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_app_distribution_platforms" title="List of mobile app distribution platforms">List of mobile app distribution platforms</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>. The reason given is: Outdated stats; Microsoft Store no longer caters for mobile apps as Windows Mobile has been discontinued; Nokia Ovi store is long closed; Samsung Apps has been renamed; etc..<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The three biggest <a href="/wiki/App_store" title="App store">app stores</a> are <a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play</a> for <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>, <a href="/wiki/App_Store_(Apple)" title="App Store (Apple)">App Store</a> for <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Microsoft Store</a> for <a href="/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10">Windows 10</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">Windows 10 Mobile</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Xbox_One" title="Xbox One">Xbox One</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Play">Google Play</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play</a></div> <p>Google Play (formerly known as the Android Market) is an international online software store developed by Google for Android devices. It opened in October 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2013, the number of apps downloaded via the Google Play Store surpassed 50 billion, of the over 1 million apps available.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of September 2016, according to <a href="/wiki/Statista" title="Statista">Statista</a> the number of apps available exceeded 2.4 million. Over 80% of apps in the Google Play Store are free to download.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The store generated a revenue of 6 billion U.S. dollars in 2015. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="App_Store">App Store</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/App_Store_(Apple)" title="App Store (Apple)">App Store (Apple)</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a>'s App Store for <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> and <a href="/wiki/IPadOS" title="IPadOS">iPadOS</a> was not the first app distribution service, but it ignited the mobile revolution and was opened on July 10, 2008, and as of September 2016, reported over 140 billion downloads. The original <a href="/wiki/App_Store_(iOS/iPadOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="App Store (iOS/iPadOS)">AppStore</a> was first demonstrated to Steve Jobs in 1993 by Jesse Tayler at NeXTWorld Expo<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of June 6, 2011, there were 425,000 apps available, which had been downloaded by 200 million iOS users.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During Apple's 2012 <a href="/wiki/Worldwide_Developers_Conference" title="Worldwide Developers Conference">Worldwide Developers Conference</a>, CEO <a href="/wiki/Tim_Cook" title="Tim Cook">Tim Cook</a> announced that the App Store has 650,000 available apps to download as well as 30 billion apps downloaded from the app store until that date.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From an alternative perspective, figures seen in July 2013 by the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> from tracking service Adeven indicate over two-thirds of apps in the store are "zombies", barely ever installed by consumers.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Microsoft_Store">Microsoft Store</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Microsoft Store</a></div> <p>Microsoft Store (formerly known as the Windows Store) was introduced by Microsoft in 2012 for its <a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_RT" title="Windows RT">Windows RT</a> platforms. While it can also carry listings for traditional desktop programs certified for compatibility with Windows 8, it is primarily used to distribute "Windows Store apps"—which are primarily built for use on tablets and other touch-based devices (but can still be used with a <a href="/wiki/Computer_keyboard" title="Computer keyboard">keyboard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mouse_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouse (computing)">mouse</a>, and on <a href="/wiki/Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">desktop computers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">laptops</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-pcw-building_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pcw-building-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bi-windows8_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bi-windows8-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_app_distribution_platforms" title="List of mobile app distribution platforms">List of mobile app distribution platforms</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Appstore" title="Amazon Appstore">Amazon Appstore</a> is an alternative application store for the Android operating system. It was opened in March 2011 and as of June 2015, the app store has nearly 334,000 apps.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Amazon Appstore's Android Apps can also be installed and run on <a href="/wiki/BlackBerry" title="BlackBerry">BlackBerry</a> 10 devices.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_World" title="BlackBerry World">BlackBerry World</a> is the application store for <a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_10" title="BlackBerry 10">BlackBerry 10</a> and <a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_OS" title="BlackBerry OS">BlackBerry OS</a> devices. It opened in April 2009 as BlackBerry App World.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovi_(Nokia)" title="Ovi (Nokia)">Ovi (Nokia)</a> for <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a> phones was launched internationally in May 2009. In May 2011, Nokia announced plans to rebrand its Ovi product line under the Nokia brand<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Ovi Store was renamed Nokia Store in October 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nokia Store will no longer allow developers to publish new apps or app updates for its legacy Symbian and MeeGo operating systems from January 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_Store" title="Windows Phone Store">Windows Phone Store</a> was introduced by <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> for its Windows Phone platform, which was launched in October 2010. As of October 2012<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mobile_app&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, it has over 120,000 apps available.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Apps" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Apps">Samsung Apps</a> was introduced in September 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of October 2011, Samsung Apps reached 10 million downloads. The store is available in 125 countries and it offers apps for Windows Mobile, Android and Bada platforms.</li> <li>The Electronic AppWrapper was the first electronic distribution service to collectively provide encryption and purchasing electronically<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-Droid" title="F-Droid">F-Droid</a> — Free and open Source Android app repository.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_Mobile_Store" title="Opera Mobile Store">Opera Mobile Store</a> is a platform independent app store for iOS, Java, BlackBerry OS, Symbian, iOS, and Windows Mobile, and Android based mobile phones. It was launched internationally in March, 2011.</li> <li>There are numerous other independent app stores for Android devices.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enterprise_management">Enterprise management</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mobile_application_management" title="Mobile application management">Mobile application management</a></div> <p>Mobile application management (MAM) describes software and services responsible for <a href="/wiki/Provisioning_(IT)" class="mw-redirect" title="Provisioning (IT)">provisioning</a> and controlling access to internally developed and commercially available mobile apps used in business settings. The strategy is meant to off-set the security risk of a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) work strategy. When an employee brings a personal device into an enterprise setting, mobile application management enables the corporate IT staff to transfer required applications, control access to business data, and remove locally cached business data from the device if it is lost, or when its owner no longer works with the company. <a href="/wiki/Containerization_(computing)" title="Containerization (computing)">Containerization</a> is an alternate approach to security. Rather than controlling an employee/s entire device, containerization apps create isolated pockets separate from personal data. Company control of the device only extends to that separate container.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="App_wrapping_vs._native_app_management">App wrapping vs. native app management</h3></div> <p>Especially when employees "<a href="/wiki/Bring_your_own_device" title="Bring your own device">bring your own device</a>" (BYOD), mobile apps can be a significant security risk for businesses, because they transfer unprotected sensitive data to the Internet without knowledge and consent of the users. Reports of stolen corporate data show how quickly corporate and personal data can fall into the wrong hands. Data theft is not just the loss of confidential information, but makes companies vulnerable to attack and blackmail.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Professional mobile application management helps companies protect their data. One option for securing corporate data is <a href="/wiki/Mobile_application_management" title="Mobile application management">app wrapping</a>. But there also are some disadvantages like copyright infringement or the loss of warranty rights. Functionality, productivity and user experience are particularly limited under app wrapping. The policies of a wrapped app can not be changed. If required, it must be recreated from scratch, adding cost.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An app wrapper is a mobile app made wholly from an existing <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">website</a> or <a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">platform</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Nicol_2013_p._138_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nicol_2013_p._138-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with few or no changes made to the underlying application. The "wrapper" is essentially a new management layer that allows <a href="/wiki/Software_developer" class="mw-redirect" title="Software developer">developers</a> to set up usage policies appropriate for app use.<sup id="cite_ref-Nicol_2013_p._138_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nicol_2013_p._138-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of these policies include whether or not <a href="/wiki/Authentication" title="Authentication">authentication</a> is required, allowing data to be stored on the device, and enabling/disabling <a href="/wiki/File_sharing" title="File sharing">file sharing</a> between users.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because most app wrappers are often websites first, they often do not align with <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> or <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> Developer guidelines. </p><p>Alternatively, it is possible to offer native apps securely through <a href="/wiki/Enterprise_mobility_management" title="Enterprise mobility management">enterprise mobility management</a>. This enables more flexible IT management as apps can be easily implemented and policies adjusted at any time.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appbox_Pro" title="Appbox Pro">Appbox Pro</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/App_store_optimization" title="App store optimization">App store optimization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enterprise_mobile_application" title="Enterprise mobile application">Enterprise mobile application</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_commerce" title="Mobile commerce">Mobile commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super-app" title="Super-app">Super-app</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Remote" title="Unified Remote">Unified Remote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WideAngle" title="WideAngle">WideAngle</a> (2013)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americandialect.org/app-voted-2010-word-of-the-year-by-the-american-dialect-society-updated">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'App' voted 2010 word of the year by the American Dialect Society (UPDATED)"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=451research.com&rft.atitle=Enterprise+IT+Spotlight%3A+enterprise+mobility+management+-+451+Research+-+Analyzing+the+Business+of+Enterprise+IT+Innovation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F451research.com%2Fenterprise-it-spotlight-enterprise-mobility-management&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMobile+app" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" 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operator">Network operator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_network_operators" title="List of mobile network operators">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roaming" title="Roaming">Roaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_signal" title="Mobile phone signal">Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIM_card" title="SIM card">SIM card</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dual_SIM" title="Dual SIM">dual SIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESIM" title="ESIM">eSIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIM_lock" title="SIM lock">SIM lock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_mobile_phone_standards" title="Comparison of mobile phone standards">Standards comparison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethering" title="Tethering">Tethering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_VoIP" title="Mobile VoIP">VoIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_Application_Protocol" title="Wireless Application Protocol">WAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XHTML_Mobile_Profile" title="XHTML Mobile Profile">XHTML-MP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_phone_generations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mobile phone generations">Generations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Analogue</b>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_radio_telephone" title="Mobile radio telephone">0G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1G" title="1G">1G</a></li> <li><b>Digital</b>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2G" title="2G">2G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3G" title="3G">3G</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3G_adoption" title="3G adoption">adoption</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Speed_Packet_Access" title="High Speed Packet Access">3.5G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4G" title="4G">4G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LTE_Advanced_Pro" class="mw-redirect" title="LTE Advanced Pro">4.5G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5G" title="5G">5G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6G" title="6G">6G</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General<br />operation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_feature" title="Mobile phone feature">Features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GSM_services" title="GSM services">services</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_mobile_phones" title="History of mobile phones">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">Operating system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_security" title="Mobile security">Security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phone_cloning" title="Phone cloning">phone cloning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_telephony" title="Mobile telephony">Telephony</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airplane_mode" title="Airplane mode">airplane mode</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_messaging" title="Text messaging">Text messaging</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Short_Message_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Short Message Service">SMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_Messaging_Service" title="Multimedia Messaging Service">MMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_Communication_Services" title="Rich Communication Services">RCS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_spam" title="Mobile phone spam">Spam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_tracking" title="Mobile phone tracking">Tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_web" title="Mobile web">Web browsing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_device" title="Mobile device">Mobile<br />devices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_phone_manufacturers" title="Category:Mobile phone manufacturers">Manufacturers</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_3D-enabled_mobile_phones" title="List of 3D-enabled mobile phones">3D phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_phone" title="Camera phone">Camera phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_phone" title="Car phone">Car phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feature_phone" title="Feature phone">Feature phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Projector_phone" title="Projector phone">Projector phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_phone" title="Satellite phone">Satellite phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Form_factor_(mobile_phones)" title="Form factor (mobile phones)">Form factors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Form_factor_(mobile_phones)#Bar" title="Form factor (mobile phones)">Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clamshell_design" title="Clamshell design">Flip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phablet" title="Phablet">Phablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Form_factor_(mobile_phones)#Slider" title="Form factor (mobile phones)">Slider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Form_factor_(mobile_phones)#Slate" title="Form factor (mobile phones)">Slate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartwatch" title="Smartwatch">Smartwatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foldable_smartphone" title="Foldable smartphone">Fold</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_smartphones" title="Comparison of smartphones">Smartphones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android devices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rooting_(Android)" title="Rooting (Android)">rooting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_10#Devices" title="BlackBerry 10">BlackBerry 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IOS_jailbreaking" title="IOS jailbreaking">iOS jailbreaking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_open-source_mobile_phones" title="List of open-source mobile phones">Open-source mobile phones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Symbian_devices" title="Comparison of Symbian devices">Symbian devices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Windows_phones" title="List of Windows phones">Windows Phone devices</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mobile<br />specific<br /><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Apps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_app_development" title="Mobile app development">Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_app_distribution_platforms" title="List of mobile app distribution platforms">Distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_application_management" title="Mobile application management">Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_cloud_computing" title="Mobile cloud computing">Cloud computing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_commerce" title="Mobile commerce">Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_banking" title="Mobile banking">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_marketing" title="Mobile marketing">Marketing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_advertising" title="Mobile advertising">advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_campaign" title="Mobile campaign">campaigns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_payment" title="Mobile payment">Payments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contactless_payment" title="Contactless payment">contactless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_donating" title="Mobile donating">donating</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_ticketing" title="Mobile ticketing">Ticketing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_content" title="Mobile content">Content</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_blogging" title="Mobile blogging">Blogging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push_email" title="Push email">Email</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_gambling" title="Mobile gambling">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_game" title="Mobile game">Gaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MHealth" title="MHealth">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">Instant messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-learning" title="M-learning">Learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_music" title="Mobile music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_news" title="Mobile news">News</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mobile_search&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mobile search (page does not exist)">Search</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_local_search" title="Mobile local search">local</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_social_network" title="Mobile social network">Social</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_social_address_book" title="Mobile social address book">address book</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_television" title="Mobile television">Television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_phone_culture" title="Category:Mobile phone culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_breaker" title="Box breaker">Box breaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_charm" title="Mobile phone charm">Charms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_comic" title="Mobile comic">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_dating" title="Mobile dating">Dating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_mobile_phone_culture" title="Japanese mobile phone culture">Japanese culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell_phone_novel" title="Cell phone novel">Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringtone" title="Ringtone">Ringtones</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silent_mode" title="Silent mode">silent mode</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfie" title="Selfie">Selfie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMS_language" title="SMS language">Txt-spk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallpaper_(computing)" title="Wallpaper (computing)">Wallpaper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Environment<br />and health</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_Quervain_syndrome" title="De Quervain syndrome">BlackBerry thumb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phones_and_driving_safety" title="Mobile phones and driving safety">Driving safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_waste" title="Electronic waste">Electronic waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_external_power_supply" title="Common external power supply">External power supply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_media_use_and_mental_health" title="Digital media use and mental health">Mental health from overuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_vibration_syndrome" title="Phantom vibration syndrome">Phantom vibration syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_device_radiation_and_health" title="Wireless device radiation and health">Radiation and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_recycling" title="Mobile phone recycling">Recycling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_IQ" title="Carrier IQ">Carrier IQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_recording_by_civilians" title="Legality of recording by civilians">Legality of recording by civilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phones_in_prison" title="Mobile phones in prison">Mobile phones in prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_and_the_law" title="Photography and the law">Photography and the law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_tapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone tapping">Telephone tapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texting_while_driving" title="Texting while driving">Texting while driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restrictions_on_cell_phone_use_while_driving_in_the_United_States" title="Restrictions on cell phone use while driving in the United States">USA use restrictions while driving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mobile app</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>82 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-69755cc569-hhdcs","wgBackendResponseTime":154,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.626","walltime":"0.774","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3684,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":133917,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4252,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":15,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":157318,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 656.012 1 -total"," 38.63% 253.403 1 Template:Reflist"," 23.30% 152.829 24 Template:Cite_web"," 14.31% 93.892 4 Template:Navbox"," 14.00% 91.818 1 Template:Mobile_phones"," 8.99% 58.956 1 Template:Short_description"," 7.58% 49.696 1 Template:Outdated_section"," 7.34% 48.157 9 Template:Main_other"," 5.97% 39.160 2 Template:Citation_needed"," 5.61% 36.832 1 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