Solid State Phenomena Vol. 365

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class="bread-crumbs-first" href="/">Home</a><i class="inline-icon arrow-breadcrumbs"></i><a class="bread-crumbs-first" href="/SSP">Solid State Phenomena</a><i class="inline-icon arrow-breadcrumbs"></i><span class="bread-crumbs-second">Solid State Phenomena Vol. 365</span></div> <div class="page-name-block underline-begin"> <h1 class="page-name-block-text">Solid State Phenomena Vol. 365</h1> </div> <div class="clearfix title-details"> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>DOI:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/v-Uocsa0">https://doi.org/10.4028/v-Uocsa0</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="titleMarcXmlLink" style="display: none" class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Export:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="/SSP.365/marc.xml">MARCXML</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>ToC:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="/SSP.365_toc.pdf">Table of Contents</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="volume-tabs"> </div> <div class=""> <div class="volume-papers-page"> <div class="block-search-pagination clearfix"> <div class="block-search-volume"> <input id="paper-search" type="search" placeholder="Search" maxlength="65"> </div> <div class="pagination-container"><ul class="pagination"><li class="active"><span>1</span></li><li><a href="/SSP.365/2">2</a></li><li class="PagedList-skipToNext"><a href="/SSP.365/2" rel="next">></a></li></ul></div> </div> <div class="block-volume-title normal-text-gray"> <p> Paper Title <span>Page</span> </p> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.-1">Preface</a> </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.3">Sustainability of Microwelding through Direct and Indirect Heating</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Cristian Daniel Ghelsingher, Aurelia Ioana Biholar, Robert Cristian Marin, Angelo Andrei Midan, Andrei Dănuț Savu, Sorin Vasile Savu </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock607887" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Nowadays, microwelding processes have been developed for various technologies, mainly for electronic applications. Resistive bonding is usually used, but electrical energy consumption represents a challenge due to energy crisis in terms of lack of energy supply and prices. This paper aims to evaluate the carbon footprint and economic issues related to microwave welding of aluminum plates against conventional resistive bonding. The research performed has shown that for different levels of microwave injected power from 600 up to 1200 W, the calculated footprint based on energy consumption has shown the sustainability of the microwave welding process. The total energy consumed for microwelding process was less than 360 Wh meaning a total cost up 0,2 euro/100 joints. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock607887', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 3 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.9">Microstructural Aspects on Brazing Stainless Steels for High Temperature Applications</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Bogdan Radu, Carmen Opriș, Cosmin Codrean, Iasmina Madalina Anghel, Iuliana Duma </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock607392" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: A wide range of applications request components that work in an environment where they are subject to high temperatures, combined with a corrosive action of the same environment. The components with a complex geometry can be obtained only using some assembling processes, among which are welding and brazing. One of the most important advantages of these processes is the possibility to obtain a sealed joint, that guarantees it to be waterproof. In comparison with welding process, brazing process has also an important technological advantage: it is a process that is able to produce a quality joint in a very small, narrow and tight places., where is very difficult or almost impossible to reach with other welding processes (e.g. GMAW/MIG – Gas Metal Arc Welding, GTAW/TIG – Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, SMAW – Shield Metal Arc Welding, FCAW - Flux Cored Arc Welding, SAW – Submerged Arc Welding). The research in this direction carried out in University Politehnica Timisoara, was focused on using brazing as a joining process to obtain a complex geometry part working in these environments. The brazed joint will create a dissimilar joint, putting in contact stainless steel with a Ag-Cu brazing alloy, which creates diffusion processes at microstructural level as well as phase transformations (due to thermal cycle and diffusion) which have a large impact on operating behavior of these joints. This paper presents some results on investigation phase and microstructural constituents transformations that took place in these brazed joints. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock607392', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 9 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.21">Mechanical and Structural Investigation of Zn-MnO<sub>2</sub> Coating on Mildsteel</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Alima. O Derek, Ojo Sunday Isaac Fayomi, Joshua O. Atiba </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611274" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Failure in manufacturing industries is a worldwide concern and it occurs most often at elevated temperatures and pressure. Acid, gases, and steam are known to be corrosion and stress-induced propagators resulting in incessant catastrophes. More so, material failure can be due to the substrate material used in the coating while substrate failure can further be classified into the substrate morphology, surface chemistry as well as contamination. Thus, the study developed a multifaceted layer of zinc barrier coating via the electrodeposition technique and observe its response by characterizing the developed coating. The mild steel plate, Zn and MnO<sub>2</sub> were procured and characterized according to the ASTM standard. Mild steel of dimension 60×30×2 mm was sectioned and polished using varying sizes of abrasives. The result of the coating thickness showed that Zn-6MnO<sub>2</sub> had a weight gain of 0.30g. Zn-12MnO<sub>2 </sub>was observed to have excellent corrosion performance compared to the as-received and the other formulations of Zn-MnO<sub>2</sub> with a corrosion resistance of 2.117 mm/year. The SEM image of Zn-MnO<sub>2</sub> showed aggregates of clustered grains, thus, no possible fracture lines were observed on the coating surface. Zn-12MnO<sub>2</sub> exhibited a hardness value of 252.72 BHN. Additionally, the EDS of the coatings revealed significant elements that helped in the corrosion performance and hardness properties of the coatings. Keywords: Electrodeposition, Corrosion, Zinc barrier coating, Hardness value, EDS analysis </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611274', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 21 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.33">Predictive Modeling and Adsorption Behavior, Kinetics, and Thermodynamic Studies of <i>Anthocleista grandiflora </i>Leaf Extract for Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel in Seawater</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Silas Oseme Okuma, Ejovi Okuma Ogagavwodia, Victor Ejiro Ajokperiniovo, Martins Obaseki </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock615958" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: This study investigates the corrosion inhibition performance of <i>Anthocleista grandiflora</i> leaf (AGL) extract on carbon steel in seawater, considering the effects of temperature, immersion time, and inhibitor concentration. Predictive modeling, adsorption behavior, and the kinetics and thermodynamics of the inhibition process were examined. The weight loss technique,characterization techniques combined with response surface methodology (RSM), revealed that the AGL extract follows the Langmuir adsorption model, exhibiting physical adsorption with ΔG values between −16.24 to −15.49kJ/mol, indicating spontaneous and endothermic inhibition. The thermodynamic parameters entropy (−198.87 to −52.58 J/mol), enthalpy (20.42 to 53.42 kJ/mol), and activation energy (13.68 to 56.32 kJ/mol further support this. The corrosion reaction follows first-order kinetics, with the half-life decreasing as the rate constant and extract concentration increase.The SEM images revealed that the AGL extract formed a protective surface layer on the mild steel, effectively preventing pitting. This protective effect became more pronounced as the concentration of the extract increased. RSM optimization identified optimal conditions for maximum inhibition efficiency (98.70%) and corrosion rate (0.058 mm/y) at 800 ppm, 303 K, and 45 days, with a prediction accuracy of 95%, making it suitable for application in the oil and gas industry. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock615958', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 33 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.55">Conversion Single Reagent of n-Propanol to 1,1-Dipropoxypropane Using Cr/Activated Carbon Catalyst</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Iip Izul Falah, Karna Wijaya, Marini Fairuz Vebryana, Aldino Javier Saviola </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock609848" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Synthesis of 1,1–dipropoxypropane from a single reagent of n-propanol using Cr/Activated Carbon (Cr/AC) as a catalyst has been done. Activated carbon (AC) was prepared by activating coconut shell carbon at 650 °C in the atmosphere of N<sub>2</sub> at a flow rate of 20 mL/min for 4 h, and then it was washed using acetone in a Soxhlet for 15 rounds, washed three times by 1.0 M HCl, and finally, it was sieved at 60–80 mesh. Metal content was analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and represented by Na, Ca, and Fe. The AC was impregnated with Cr (VI) solution and reduced with H<sub>2</sub> at 650 °C. The acidity of the Cr catalyst was determined by the adsorption of ammonia. Optimation of n-propanol conversion to 1,1-dipropoxypropane using Cr/AC catalyst in the atmosphere of N<sub>2</sub> was conducted in an oven using variations of temperature of 450, 500, and 550 °C, amount of catalyst of 5, 10, and 15 g, and flow rate of alcohol of 0.10, 0.50, and 0.90 mL/min. The conversions of 1,1-dipropoxypropane were analyzed by GC-MS and <sup>1</sup>H-NMR. The results showed that the AC's metal content significantly decreased after washing with acetone and 1.0 M HCl. The AC and Cr/AC had 2.49 and 8.27 mmol/g acidity, respectively. The highest product of 1,1-dipropoxypropane of 65.0% was reached at 450 °C using a 5 g catalyst at a flow rate of the alcohol 0.10 mL/min. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock609848', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 55 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.63">Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Using Catalyst of NiO Impregnated on Magnetic Silica Sand from Parangtritis Beach</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Wega Trisunaryanti, Habib Fikri Hidayat, Mokhammad Fajar Pradipta, Muh. Siddik Ibrahim </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock610378" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (ODS-DBT) using catalyst of NiO impregnated on magnetic silica sand from Parangtritis beach (Ps) had been evaluated. The NiO-Ps catalyst was prepared using wet impregnation method with Ps to Ni (NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O weight ratio of 1:1. The catalyst was calcined at a temperature of 400 °C for 5 h under flow of 20 mL min<sup>-1</sup> of N<sub>2</sub> gas<sub>. </sub>The ODS-DBT process was carried out using NiO-Ps catalyst on solution of n-hexane with a sulfur content of 500 ppm under variations of temperature, time, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> volume. The results of XRD and FTIR indicated the main minerals of Ps were quartz, alumina, and magnetite. The Ps and NiO-Ps had crystallinities of 59.97 and 70.32% with crystal sizes of 16.32 and 10.95 nm. The SEM-EDX and TEM analysis showed the surface of Ps was flat and NiO-Ps was rough. The BET-nitrogen absorption-desorption indicated the Ps and NiO-Ps were mesoporous materials with average pore diameters of 11.98 and 24.01 nm, total pore volumes of 0.008 and 0.057 cm<sup>3</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>, and specific surface areas of 2.611 and 9.502 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>. The Ps and NiO-Ps have acidity values of 1.14 and 1.74 mmol g<sup>-1</sup>. The optimum desulfurization using NiO-Ps catalyst in the ODS-DBT was 79.40% obtained at a temperature, time, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> volume of 60 °C, 30 min, and 0.42 mL. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock610378', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 63 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.77">An Effective Synthesis of Phosphated Silica (PO<sub>4</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>) Catalyst and its Performance for Converting Ethanol into Diethyl Ether (DEE)</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Rizqi Mahmudah, Aldino Javier Saviola, Sri Sudiono, Niko Prasetyo, Karna Wijaya </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock610408" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Research on phosphated silica (PO<sub>4</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>) as a heterogeneous acid catalyst in the dehydration reaction of ethanol into diethyl ether has been carried out. The PO<sub>4</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> was prepared from TEOS by a wet impregnation method with various concentrations of H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> (1, 2, 3, 4 M) and calcination temperatures (400, 500, and 600 °C) to obtain it with an optimum acidity. Afterward, the catalysts were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, SAA, and TG-DTA. Ethanol dehydration was run using a fixed-batch reactor with a flow of N<sub>2</sub> gas, and GC determined the selectivity of diethyl ether. The PS-4-400 catalyst had the highest activity and selectivity in the ethanol dehydration to diethyl ether at a temperature of 225 °C, with a conversion of 58.00% and a DEE selectivity of 3.71%. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock610408', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 77 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.87">Nickel Oxide-Impregnated Phosphated Silica Catalyst: Synthesis and Application for Ethanol Dehydration into Diethyl Ether (DEE)</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Mumu Mujtahid Fatwa, Aldino Javier Saviola, Mokhammad Fajar Pradipta, Riska Astin Fitria, Niko Prasetyo, Karna Wijaya </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock610451" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: The synthesis, characterization, and application of a NiO-PO<sub>4</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst for ethanol dehydration to diethyl ether were successfully conducted. The sol-gel method utilized TEOS as the silica source, NaHCO<sub>3</sub> as a template, and different phosphoric acid concentrations (1, 2, and 3 M). Calcination occurred at temperatures of 400, 500, and 600 °C. The catalyst with the highest acidity underwent impregnation with 1, 2, and 3% (w/w) nickel precursor proceeded by calcination with N<sub>2</sub> gas. Characterization techniques included FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and AAS. The application of SP 2-NiO 3% catalyst as the catalyst with the highest acidity demonstrated significant activity and selectivity in diethyl ether production at 175, 200, and 225 °C temperatures, yielding 88% conversion and 5.07% diethyl ether selectivity at its optimum temperature of 225 °C. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock610451', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 87 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/SSP.365.99">Temperature Distribution in a Two-Scale Porous Structure of a Catalyst Made of Spherical Particles</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Andrii Cheilytko, David Brust </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock604726" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: The research deals with the determination of the temperature distribution in a two-stage porous catalytic medium when the heat flow passes through. The peculiarity of the proposed model of heat and mass transfer in a porous catalyst is to consider the change in the volume of the spherical particle that makes up the catalyst.A program for calculating the temperature distribution in a two-scale porous structure of a catalyst made of spherical particles that change in volume with time has been developed. It should be noted that the temperature gradient is rather high, and the temperature in the central region of the particle becomes high enough for the process of catalytic reaction initiation only after 3.25 s. The developed program together with analytical and empirical studies allow to find the range of temperature and time of heat treatment at which the given thermophysical characteristics of porous material will be observed.The work will be useful for engineers and scientists studying the problems of thermochemical reactors and heat transfer in catalytic fills. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock604726', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 99 </div> </div> <div class="block-bottom-pagination"> <div class="pager-info"> <p>Showing 1 to 10 of 13 Paper Titles</p> </div> <div class="pagination-container"><ul class="pagination"><li class="active"><span>1</span></li><li><a href="/SSP.365/2">2</a></li><li class="PagedList-skipToNext"><a href="/SSP.365/2" rel="next">></a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="social-icon-popup"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> <div class="sc-footer"> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="footer-menu col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <ul class="list-inline menu-font"> <li><a href="/ForLibraries">For Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/ForPublication/Paper">For Publication</a></li> <li><a href="/insights" target="_blank">Insights</a></li> <li><a href="/DocuCenter">Downloads</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/AboutUs">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/PolicyAndEthics/PublishingPolicies">Policy & Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Contacts">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Imprint">Imprint</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/PrivacyPolicy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Sitemap">Sitemap</a></li> <li><a href="/Conferences">All Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/special-issues">All Special Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/news/all">All News</a></li> <li><a href="/open-access-partners">Open Access Partners</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 footer-copyright"> <p> © 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. 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